Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world 0028656032, 0028656040, 0028656059
708 87 39MB
English Pages 2 v. (xxxv, 823 p.) : [874] Year c2004.
Table of contents :
Cover Page
Editorial Board
Title Page - Volume 1
Title Page - Volume 2
ISBN 0028656032
Contents
Editorial and Production Staff
Introduction
List of Entries
List of Contributors
Synoptic Outline of Entries
List of Maps
A
ABBAS I, SHAH (1571–1629)
ABD AL-BAHA (1844–1921)
ABD AL-HAMID IBN BADIS (1889–1940)
ABD AL-HAMID KISHK (SHAYKH) (1933–1996)
ABD AL-JABBAR (935–1025)
ABD AL-KARIM SORUSH (1945– )
ABD AL-NASSER, JAMAL (1918–1970)
ABD AL-QADIR, AMIR (1807–1883)
ABD AL-RAHMAN KAWAKIBI (1849?–1902)
ABD AL-RAZZAQ AL-SANHURI (1895–1971)
ABD AL-WAHHAB, MUHAMMAD IBN (1703–1792)
ABDUH, MUHAMMAD (1849–1905)
ABU BAKR (573–634)
ABU BAKR GUMI (1922–1992)
ABU HANIFA (699–767)
ABU ’L-HASAN BANI-SADR (1933– )
ABU ’L-HUDHAYL AL-ALLAF (750–C. 850)
ABU ’L-QASEM KASHANI (1882–1962)
ADA
ADAB
ADHAN
AFGHANI, JAMAL AL-DIN (1839–1897)
AFRICA, ISLAM IN
AFRICAN CULTURE AND ISLAM
AGA KHAN
AHL AL-BAYT
AHL-E HADIS/AHL-AL HADITH
AHL AL-HADITH
AHL AL-KITAB
AHMAD IBN IBRAHIM AL-GHAZI (1506–1543)
AHMAD IBN IDRIS (1750–1837)
AHMAD GRAN
AHMADIYYA
AHMAD KHAN, (SIR) SAYYID (1817–1898)
AHMAD, MIRZA GHULAM (LATE 1830s–1908)
AISHA (614–678 C.E.)
AKBAR (1542–1605)
AKHBARIYYA
AKHLAQ
AKHUND
ALI (600–661)
ALIGARH
ALLAH
ALMORAVIDS
AMERICAN CULTURE AND ISLAM
AMERICAS, ISLAM IN THE
ANDALUS, AL-Al-
ANGELS
ARABIA, PRE-ISLAM
ARABIC LANGUAGE
ARABIC LITERATURE
ARAB LEAGUE
ARCHITECTURE
ART
ASABIYYA
ASHARITES, ASHAIRA
ASKIYA MUHAMMAD (R. 1493–1529)
ASNAM
ASSASSINS
ASTROLOGY
ASTRONOMY
ATABAT
ATATURK, MUSTAFA KEMAL (1881–1938)
AWAMI LEAGUE
AYATOLLAH (AR. AYATULLAH)
AZHAR, AL-Al-
B
BABIYYA
BAB, SAYYED ALI MUHAMMAD (1819–1850)
BAGHDAD
BAHAALLAH (1817–1892)
BAHAI FAITH
BALKANS, ISLAM IN THE
BAMBA, AHMAD (1853–1927)
BANNA, HASAN AL- (1906–1949)
BAQILLANI, AL- (?–1013)
BASRI, HASAN AL- (642–728)
BATH PARTY
BAZARGAN, MEHDI (1907–1995)
BEDOUIN
BIDA
BIN LADIN, USAMA (1957– )
BIOGRAPHY AND HAGIOGRAPHY
BIRUNI, AL- (C. 973–1050)
BODY, SIGNIFICANCE OF
BOURGHIBA, HABIB (1901–2000)
BUKHARA, KHANATE AND EMIRATE OF
BUKHARI, AL- (810–870)
BURAQ
C
CAIRO
CALIPHATE
CALLIGRAPHY
CAPITALISM
CARTOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHY
CENTRAL ASIA, ISLAM IN
CENTRAL ASIAN CULTURE AND ISLAM
CHILDHOOD
CHINA
CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM
CIRCUMCISION
CLOTHING
COINAGE
COLONIALISM
COMMUNISM
CONFLICT AND VIOLENCE
CONVERSION
CRUSADES
CUSTOM
D
DAR AL-HARB
DAR AL-ISLAM
DAWA
DAWLA
DEATH
DEOBAND
DEVOTIONAL LIFE
DHIKR
DIETARY LAWS
DISPUTATION
DISSIMULATION
DIVORCE
DOME OF THE ROCK
DREAMS
DUA
E
EAST ASIA, ISLAM IN
EAST ASIAN CULTURE AND ISLAM
ECONOMY AND ECONOMIC INSTITUTIONS
EDUCATION
EMPIRES
ERBAKAN, NECMEDDIN (1926–)
ETHICS AND SOCIAL ISSUES
ETHIOPIA
ETHNICITY
EUNUCHS
EUROPEAN CULTURE AND ISLAM
EUROPE, ISLAM IN
EXPANSION
F
FADLALLAH, MUHAMMAD HUSAYN (1935– )
FALSAFA
FARRAKHAN, LOUIS (1933– )
FASI, MUHAMMAD ALLAL AL- (1910–1974)
FATIMA (C. 605–633)
FATWA
FEDAIYAN-E ISLAM
FEMINISM
FEZ
FITNA
FOLKLORE, FOLK ISLAM
FUNDAMENTALISM
FUTUWWA
G
GASPRINSKII, ISMAIL BAY (1851–1914)
GENDER
GENEALOGY
GEOGRAPHY
GHANNOUSHI, RASHID AL- (1941– )
GHAYBA(T)
GHAZALI, AL- (C. 1059–1111)
GHAZALI, MUHAMMAD AL- (1917–2001)
GHAZALI, ZAYNAB AL- (1917– )
GHAZI, AHMAD B. IBRAHIM AL-See
GLOBALIZATION
GOVERNMENT, ISLAMIC
GRAMMAR AND LEXICOGRAPHY
GREEK CIVILIZATION
GUMI, ABU BAKR
H
HADITH
HAJJ
HAJJ SALIM SUWARI, AL- (C. 1300)
HAJ UMAR AL-TAL, AL- (1797–1864)
HALLAJ, AL- (858–922)
HAMAS
HAREM
HARON, ABDULLAH (1924–1969)
HASAN (624–670)
HASHEMI-RAFSANJANI, ALI-AKBAR (1934–)
HEALING
HERESIES
HERESIOGRAPHY
HIJAB
HIJRA
HIJRI CALENDAR
HIKMA, BAYT AL-
HILLI, ALLAMA AL- (1250–1325)
HILLI, MUHAQQIQ AL- (1205–1277)
HINDUISM AND ISLAM
HISBA
HISTORICAL WRITING
HISTORY
HIZB ALLAH
HOJJAT AL-ISLAM
HOJJATIYYA SOCIETY
HOLY CITIES
HOMOSEXUALITY
HOSAYNIYYA
HOSPITALITY AND ISLAM
HUKUMA AL-ISLAMIYYA, AL- (ISLAMIC GOVERNMENT)
HUMAN RIGHTS
HUMOR
HUSAYN (603–661)
HUSAYNI, HAJJ AMIN AL- (1895–1974)
HUSAYN, SADDAM
HUSAYN, TAHA (1889–1973)
I
IBADAT
IBN AL-ARABI (1165–1240)
IBN BATTUTA (1304–1368)
IBN HANBAL (780–855)
IBN KHALDUN (1332–1406)
IBN MAJA (824–887)
IBN RUSHD (1126–1198)
IBN SINA (980–1037)
IBN TAYMIYYA (1263–1328)
IDENTITY, MUSLIM
IJTIHAD
IKHWAN AL-MUSLIMIN
IKHWAN AL-SAFA
IMAM
IMAMATE
IMAMZADAH
INTERNET
INTIFADA
IQBAL, MUHAMMAD (C. 1877–1938)
IRAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF
IRHAB
ISHRAQI SCHOOL
ISLAM AND ISLAMIC
ISLAM AND OTHER RELIGIONS
ISLAMICATE SOCIETY
ISLAMIC JIHAD
ISLAMIC SALVATION FRONT
ISLAMIC SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA
ISMAIL I, SHAH (1487–1524)
J
JAFAR AL-SADIQ (C. 701–765)
JAHANNAM
JAHILIYYA
JAMAAT-E ISLAMI
JAMI
JAMIL AL-AMIN, IMAM (1943– )
JAMIYAT-E ULAMA-E HIND
JAMIYAT-E ULAMA-E ISLAM
JAMIYAT-E ULAMA-E PAKISTAN
JANNA
JERUSALEM
JEVDET PASHA (1822–1895)
JIHAD
JINNAH, MUHAMMAD ALI (1876–1948)
JUDAISM AND ISLAM
K
KALAM
KANO
KARAKI, SHAYKH ALI
KARBALA
KEMAL, NAMEK (1840–1888)
KHALID, KHALID MUHAMMAD (1920–1996)
KHAMANEI, SAYYED ALI (1939– )
KHAN
KHANQA (KHANAQA, KHANGA)
KHAN, REZA OF BAREILLY (1856–1921)
KHARIJITES, KHAWARIJ
KHIDR, AL-Al-
KHILAFAT MOVEMENT
KHIRQA
KHIVA, KHANATE OF
KHOI, ABO L-QASEM (1898–1992)
KHOJAS
KHOMEINI, RUHOLLAH (1902–1989)
KHUTBA
KHWARAZM
KINDI, AL- (801–866)
KNOWLEDGE
KOMITEH
KUNTI, MUKHTAR AL- (1729–1811)
L
LANGUAGE
LAW
LEBANON
LEXICOGRAPHY (ARABIC)
LIBERALISM
LIBERATION MOVEMENT OF IRAN
LIBRARIES
LITERATURE
M
MADANI, ABBASI (1931– )
MADHHAB
MADRASA
MAGHAZI
MAHDI
MAHDI, SADIQ AL- (1936–)
MAHDIST STATE, MAHDIYYA
MAHR
MAITATSINE
MAJLIS
MAJLISI, MUHAMMAD BAQIR (1627–1698)
MAKASSAR, SHAYKH YUSUF (C. 1626–1699)
MALCOLM X (1925–1965)
MALIK, IBN ANAS (C. 708–795)
MAMUN, AL- (786–833)
MANAR, MANARA
MANICHEANISM
MANSA MUSA (? –1337)
MAQASSARI, TAANTA SALMANKA AL-
MARJA AL-TAQLID
MARRIAGE
MARTYRDOM
MARWA, MUHAMMAD (D. 1980)
MARWAN (623–685 C.E.)
MASCULINITIES
MASHHAD
MASJID
MASLAHA
MATERIAL CULTURE
MATURIDI, AL- (?–944)
MAUDUDI, ABU L-ALA (1903–1979)
MAZALIM
MAZRUI, MAZRUI
MECCA
MEDICINE
MEDINA
MIHNA
MIHRAB
MILITARY RAID
MINARET
MINBAR (MIMBAR)
MINORITIES
MIRACLES
MIRAJ
MIRZA HUSAYN ALI NURI
MODERNISM
MODERNITY
MODERNIZATION, POLITICAL
MODERN THOUGHT
MOJAHEDIN-E KHALQ
MOJAHIDIN
MOJTAHED-SHABESTARI, MOHAMMAD (1937– )
MOLLA
MOLLABASHI
MONARCHY
MORAVIDS
MOSADDEQ, MOHAMMAD (1882–1967)
MOSQUE
MOTAHHARI, MORTAZA (1920–1979)
MSA
MUAWIYA (?–680)
MUFTI
MUHAMMAD (570–632 C.E.)
MUHAMMAD AHMAD IBN ABDULLAH (1844–1885)
MUHAMMAD ALI, DYNASTY OF
MUHAMMAD AL-NAFS AL-ZAKIYYA (D. 762 C.E.)
MUHAMMAD, ELIJAH (1897–1975)
MUHAMMADIYYA (MUHAMMADIYAH)
MUHAMMAD REZA SHAH PAHLEVI (1919–1980)
MUHAMMAD, WARITH DEEN (1933– )
MUHARRAM
MUHASIBI, AL- (781–857)
MUHTASIB
MUJAHIDIN
MUJAHIDUN
MULLA SADRA (C. 1572–1640)
MURJIITES, MURJIA
MUSIC
MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD
MUSLIM IBN AL-HAJJAJ (C. 817–875)
MUSLIM STUDENT ASSOCIATION OF NORTH AMERICA
MUTAZILITES, MUTAZILA
MUTHANNA, MUHAMMAD IBN ABDALLAH, AL-
N
NADER SHAH AFSHAR (1688–1747)
NAHDLATUL ULAMA (NU)
NAINI, MOHAMMAD HOSAYN (1860–1936)
NAJAF
NAMES, ISLAMIC
NAR
NASAI, AL- (830–915)
NASSER, JAMAL
NATIONALISM
NATION OF ISLAM
NAWRUZ
NAZZAM, AL- (782–C. 840)
NETWORKS, MUSLIM
NIKAH
NIMATOLLAHI SUFI ORDER
NIYABAT-E AMMA
NIZAM AL-MULK (C.1018–1092)
NIZARI
NURCU
NUR MOVEMENT
NURI, FAZLALLAH (1843–1909)
NURSI, SAID (1876–1960)
O
ORGANIZATION OF THE ISLAMIC CONFERENCE
ORIENTALISM
P
PAKISTAN, ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF
PAN-ARABISM
PAN-ISLAM
PAN-TURANISM
PASDARAN
PERSIAN LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE
PHILOSOPHY
PILGRIMAGE
PLURALISM
POETRY, LITERATURE
POLITICAL ISLAM
POLITICAL ORGANIZATION
POLITICAL THOUGHT
POLYGAMY
PRAYER, CALL TO
PREACHING
PROPERTY
PROPHETS
PULPIT
PURDAH
Q
QADHDHAFI, MUMAR AL- (1943– )
QADI (KADI, KAZI)
QAIDA, AL-The
QANUN
QIBLA
QOM
QURAN
QUTB, SAYYID (1906–1966)
R
RABIA OF BASRA (C. 714–801)
RAFSANJANI, ALI-AKBAR HASHEMI-
RAHMAN, FAZLUR (1919–1988)
RASHID, HARUN AL- (C. 763 OR 766–809)
RASHIDUN
RAWZA-KHANI
REFAH PARTISI
REFORM
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS
RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS
REPUBLICAN BROTHERS
REVOLUTION
REZA SHAH (1878–1944)
RIBA
RIDA, RASHID (1865–1935)
RITUAL
RUMI, JALALUDDIN (1207–1273)
RUSHDIE, SALMAN (1947– )
S
SADAT, ANWAR AL- (1918–1981)
SADIQ, JAFAR AL-
SADR
SADR, MUHAMMAD BAQIR AL- (1930–1980)
SADR, MUSA AL- (1928–1978?)
SAHARA
SAINT
SALADIN (1137 OR 1138–1193)
SALAFIYYA
SALEH BIN ALLAWI (C. 1844–1935)
SALAH AL-DIN B. AYYUB
SALJUQ
SANHURI, ABD AL-RAZZAQ, AL-
SAUDI DYNASTY
SAYYID
SCIENCE, ISLAM AND
SECULARISM, ISLAMIC
SECULARIZATION
SELJUQ
SHAFII, AL- (C. 767–820)
SHAH
SHALTUT, MAHMUD (1893–1963)
SHARIA
SHARIATI, ALI (1933–1977)
SHARIF
SHARIAT-SHANGALAJI, REZA-QOLI (1890–1943)
SHAYKH AL-ISLAM
SHAYKHIYYA
SHIA
SHIRK
SIBAI, MUSTAFA AL- (1915–1964)
SILSILA
SIRHINDI, SHAYKH AHMAD (1564–1624)
SOCIALISM
SOUTH ASIA, ISLAM IN
SOUTH ASIAN CULTURE AND ISLAM
SOUTHEAST ASIA, ISLAM IN
SOUTHEAST ASIAN CULTURE AND ISLAM
SUCCESSION
SUFISM
SUHRAWARDI, AL- (C. 1154–1191)
SUKAYNA (671–737)
SULTAN
SULTANATES
SUNNA
SUNNI
SUYUTI, AL- (1445–1505)
T
TABARI, AL- (839–923)
TABLIGHI JAMAAT
TAFSIR
TAHA HUSAYN (HUSSEIN)
TAHMASP I, SHAH (1514–1576)
TAJDID
TALIBAN
TANZIMAT
TAQIYYA
TAQLID
TARIQA
TASAWWUF
TAZIYA (TAZIYEH)
TERRORISM
THAQAFI, MUKHTAR AL- (C. 622–687)
THEOLOGY
TIMBUKTU
TITLES, ISLAMIC
TOUBA
TRADITIONALISM
TRANSLATION
TRAVEL AND TRAVELERS
TRIBE
TURABI, HASAN AL- (1932– )
TUSI, MUHAMMAD IBN AL-HASAN (SHAYKH AL-TAIFA) (995–1067)
TUSI, NASIR AL-DIN (1201–1274)
U
ULEMA
UMAR (C. 581–644)
UMAYYID
UMMA
UMM KULTHUM (1904?–1975)
UNITED STATES, ISLAM IN
URDU LANGUAGE, LITERATURE, AND POETRY
USULIYYA
UTHMAN DAN FODIO (1754–1817)
UTHMAN IBN AFFAN (R. 644–656)
V
VEILING
VELAYAT-E FAQIH
VERNACULAR ISLAM
VIZIER
W
WAHDAT AL-WUJUD
WAHHABIYYA
WAJIB AL-WUJUD
WALI
WALI ALLAH, SHAH (1703–1762)
WAQF
WAZIFA
WAZIR
WEST, CONCEPT OF IN ISLAM
WOMEN, PUBLIC ROLES OF
Y
YAHYA BIN ABDALLAH RAMIYA (1856–1931)
YOUNG OTTOMANS
YOUNG TURKS
YOUTH MOVEMENTS
YUSUF ALI, ABDULLAH (1872–1953)
Z
ZAND, KARIM KHAN (c. 1705–1779)
ZANZIBAR, SAIDI SULTANATE OF
ZAR
ZAYTUNA
ZIYARA
Glossary
Appendix
Genealogies
Timelines
Index
Color Plates - Volume 1
Abbas I, Shah
Angels
Arabia, Pre-Islam
Architecture
Cartography and Geography
Bukhara, Khanate and Emirate of
Clothing
Conflict and Violence
Empires: Mongol and Il-Khanid
Empires: Safavid and Qajar
European Culture and Islam
Falsafa
Ibn Battuta
Travels of Ibn Battuta
Color Plates - Volume 2
Marriage
Southeast Asian Culture and Islam
Miracles
Mi‘raj
South Asia, Islam in
Pakistan, Islamic Republic of
Pilgrimage: Hajj
Qur’an
Qur'an
Medicine
Science, Islam and
Shi‘a, Early
Persian Language and Literature
Sahara
Travel and Travelers
