A high school course in architecture
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A HIGH SCHOOL COURSE IN ARCHITECTURE
A P ro je e t P re s e n te d to th e F a c u lty o f th e S c h o o l o f E d u c a tio n The U n i v e r s i t y o f S o u t h e r n C a l i f o r n i a
In P a r t ia l F u lfillm e n t o f t h e R e q u ire m e n ts f o r t h e D egree M a ste r o f S c ie n c e in E d u c a tio n
by H erm an H e n r y P r i c e A ugust
1950
UMI Number: EP46529
All rights re se rv e d INFORMATION TO ALL U S E R S T h e quality of this reproduction is d e p e n d e n t upon th e quality of th e copy subm itted. In th e unlikely e v e n t th a t th e a u th o r did not s e n d a c o m p lete m anuscript an d th e re a re m issing p a g e s , th e s e will be no ted . Also, if m aterial h ad to b e rem oved, a no te will indicate th e deletion.
Dissertatior. P i bi shtng
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>s-l
P?V s'
Th is p r o j e c t report, w ri tt en under the direction of the candidate’s a dv is e r an d a p p r o v e d by him, has been p res en te d to a n d a c ce pt e d by the F a cu lt y o f the S c h o o l of E du c atio n in p a r t i a l fu lfi llm en t of the requirements f o r the de gre e of M a s t e r of Science in Education.
Date...
Adviser
Dean
ii PREFACE A co u rse in h ig h sc h o o l a r c h i t e c t u r e w i l l in d e e d t o t h e f i e l d o f a r c h i t e c t u r e .
l e a d few
I t seem s w rong t h e n
to d e v o te th e g r e a t e s t p a r t o f th e c o u rs e to th e s tu d y o f th o se i n t r i c a t e lic e n s e .
d e t a i l s w h ic h le a d t o th e a c q u i s i t i o n
On t h e o t h e r h a n d , t h e p e r c e n t a g e o f t w e l f t h
g r a d e r s who w i l l b e a i m i n g a t home o w n e r s h i p i s , rig h tly
of a
so,
e x tre m e ly h ig h .
a rc h ite c tu re
T h erefo re,
b u i l t aro u n d th e
a co u rse in
s t u d e n t s f u t u r e hom e w o u ld
se e m t o b e m o re i n l i n e w i t h m o d e r n p r o g r e s s i v e t h a n a c o u r s e i n w h ic h e a c h s t u d e n t l e a r n s , to le a rn ,
and
e d u c a tio n
or is
urged
a few o f t h e s t e p s n e c e s s a r y t o l a y o u t b l u e p r i n t s
f o r a d e p a rtm e n t s t o r e , le a rn s or is
u rged to
o f c o n stru c tio n
or as is
t h e c a s e so m any t i m e s ,
l e a r n t h e g r e a t o r d e r s and m eth o d s
o f m any h u n d r e d s o f y e a r s a g o .
The u n i t s o f t h i s c o u r s e a r e
b u i l t w ith th e s e th o u g h ts
i n m in d a n d t h e m a t t e r o f h i s t o r y i s th e f u tu r e .
T h is i s n o t to
used o n ly a s i t
e ffe c ts
s a y t h a t t h e r e i s no im p o r ta n c e
a tta c h e d to th e h is to r y o f a r c h ite c tu r e ,
but ra th e r th a t
th e tw e lf th g rad e i s n o t th e id e a l p la c e f o r i t s
e m p h a sis.
T he w r i t e r h a s o b s e r v e d i n h i s own s t u d e n t s o f a rc h ite c tu re , o f th e th is
a g reat d e sire fo r in stru c tio n
su b je c t,
co u rse i s
and i t
is
in th re e a re as
aro u n d t h e s e t h r e e a r e a s t h a t
c o n stru c te d .
T hese a r e a s a r e :
(1) th e
iii c o n c e p tio n o f a ho use s u ite d (2)
t h e m eth o d s o f b u i ld i n g th e h o u s e ,
tra tio n
th e re to
v e ry c h a n g e a b le n a t u r e .
le g isla tio n
C o n sid e rin g o u r p r e s e n t
a n d JH& a n d v e t e r a n h o u s i n g a n d m an y o t h e r
c o u rs e c o u ld v e ry l i k e l y b ro u g h t to th e
fo re,
and ( 3 ) th e a d m in is
to u c h e d o n ly l i g h t l y due to
t h i n g s to o num erous t o m e n tio n ,
is
s tu d e n t,
of d e c o ra tiv e m a te r ia ls .
T he a r e a o f f i n a n c i n g i s its
fo r th e p a r tic u la r
a m eth o d o u t l i n e d i n t h i s
be o b s o l e t e by t h e t i m e t h e c o u r s e
c la ssro o m .
It is
b e lie v e d enough, t h e r e
t o sh ow t h e s t u d e n t t h e m o s t e c o n o m i c a l m e t h o d o f
a t t a i n i n g home o w n e r s h i p , w i t h t h e m a t t e r o f p a y i n g f o r th e house b ro u g h t in to
th e c o u rse in l i g h t o f th e fin a n c in g
m eth o d s o f t h e p a r t i c u l a r p e r i o d o f l e g a l r e g u l a t i o n s . The a im o f t h e to d e sig n ,
co u rse th e n ,
is
to
te a c h th e stu d e n t
b u i l d a n d d e c o r a t e h i s own home w i t h t h e m a j o r
p o rtio n
c o n c e rn e d w i t h a c t u a l m eth o d s o f c o n s t r u c t i o n ,
as th is
ap p ears to
i s assum ed t h a t th e th e
be t h e a r e a - o f g r e a t e s t c o n c e r n .
It
s t u d e n t h a s a th o r o u g h k n o w le d g e o f
e le m e n ts o f d r a f t i n g . H e im a n H . P r i c e
iv TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER
PAGE PART 1 .
CREATION
HOW TO DESIGN YOUR HOUSE 1.
2.
3.
HOW TO DESIGN
THE FLOOR P L A N S ..............................
2
1.
How t o l o c a t e t h e l i v i n g r o o m ...........................................
2
2.
How t o l o c a t e t h e k i t c h e n .....................................................
3
3.
How t o l o c a t e t h e d i n i n g r o o m ..........................................
4
4.
How t o l o c a t e t h e b e d r o o m s .....................................................
4
5.
How t o l o c a t e t h e b a t h r o o m .....................................................
4
6.
How t o l o c a t e t h e u t i l i t y
r o o m ...........................................
5
HOW TO DESIGN
THE ELEVATION PLANS..................................................1 0
1.
How t o d e s i g n t h e f r o n t e l e v a t i o n ...................................... 10
2.
How t o d e s i g n t h e r e a r e l e v a t i o n ........................................... 11
3.
How t o d e s i g n t h e s i d e
4.
How t o d e s i g n t h e c u t aw ay o r
5.
How t o d e s i g n t h e n e c e s s a r y g a r a g e v i e w s
HOW TO DESIGN
e l e v a t i o n s .......................................11 ’S e c t i o n *
v iew s
.
. . . .
11 12
THE FRAMING P L A N S .................................................... 1 6
1.
How t o d e s i g n t h e f l o o r f r a m i n g ........................................... 1 6
2.
How t o d e s i g n t h e w a l l
3.
How t o d e s i g n t h e c e i l i n g f r a m i n g ...............................
4.
How t o d e s i g n t h e r o o f f r a m i n g .................................................17
f r a m i n g ................................................ 1 6 17
V
CHAPTER A.
5.
6.
PAGE
HOW TO DESIGN
THE F I R E P L A C E .............................
26
1.
How t o d e s i g n t h e e l e v a t i o n v i e w s ...................................... 26
2.
How t o d e s i g n t h e p l a n v i e w s ................................................ 27
3.
How t o d e s i g n t h e s e c t i o n
HOW TO DESIGN
v i e w s ........................................... 27
THE FOUNDATION PLANS............................................... 31
1.
How t o d e s i g n t h e f o o t i n g ...........................................................31
2.
How t o d e s i g n t h e f o u n d a t i o n w a l l s ................................. 31
3.
How t o d e s i g n t h e p i e r s a n d s u p p o r t s ............................32
4.
How t o d e s i g n t h e g a r a g e a n d / o r h o u s e s l a b
HOW TO DESIGN
.
,
32
THE UTILITY PLANS.......................................................37
1.
How t o d e s i g n t h e p l u m b i n g s y s t e m .........................
2.
How t o d e s i g n t h e w i r i n g s y s t e m ...........................................38
3.
How t o d e s i g n t h e h e a t i n g s y s t e m ...................................... 3^ PART 2 .
.
37
ERECTION
HOW TO BUILD YOUR HOUSE 7.
HOW TO LAY THE FOUNDATION..................................................................... 45 1.
How t o c l e a r t h e l a n d ......................................................................45
2.
How t o l a y o u t t h e b u i l d i n g s ................................................. 45
3.
How t o p e r f o r m t h e n e c e s s a r y e x c a v a t i o n
4.
How t o p o u r t h e
c o n c r e t e f o o t i n g .......................................4 6
5.
How t o p o u r t h e
f o u n d a t i o n w a l l s .......................................48
6.
How t o i n s e r t t h e a n c h o r b o l t s ............................................ 4 9
. . . .
46
vi CHAPTER
8 .'
9.
10.
PAGE
7.
Howt o s e t t h e g i r d e r ....................................
49
8.
Howt o l a y s l a b - f l o o r i n g ...........................................................49
HOW TO ERECT THE FRAMEWORK................................................................ 5 4 1.
Howt o f a s t e n
th e
sill
to
th e fo u n d a tio n
. . .
54
2.
Howt o i n s e r t f l o o r j o i s t s ...........................................................5 4
3.
Howt o l a y t h e s u b - f l o o r i n g ......................................................55
4.
Howt o i n s t a l l
t h e w a l l f r a m i n g ............................................55
HOW TO BUILD THE R Q Q E ............................................................................... 59 1.
Howt o f r a m e t h e r o o f ..............................................................
59
2.
Howt o a p p l y r o o f b o a r d s ...........................................................60
3.
Howt o i n s t a l l a s p h a l t s h i n g l e s ............................................60
4.
Howt o a t t a c h w ood s h i n g l e s ......................................................6 l
5.
Howt o a p p l y a s b e s t o s
s h i n g l e s ........................................... 6 l
HOW TO PLIMB YOUR H O U S E .............................................................
.
65
c o r r e c t t y p e o f p i p e ................................. 65
1.
Howt o b u y t h e
2.
Howt o cu t. p i p e a n d t u b i n g ......................................................65
3.
Howt o m ak e s o l d e r j o i n t s ....................................
4.
Howt o m ak e f l a r e
5.
Howt o i n s t a l l t h e w a t e r t a n k ................................................ 66
6.
Howt o m ake t h e s e w e r . .
7.
Howt o b u i l d t h e n e c e s s a r y w e l l s ...................................... 67
66
j o i n t s .......................................................... 66
.......................................................... 66
vii CHAPTER 11.
HOW TO APPLY THE EXTERIOR S ID IN G ....................................................7 0 1.
How t o a p p l y s h e a t h i n g ................................................................ 7 0
2.
How t o i n s t a l l i n s u l a t i o n .......................................................... 7 0
3. 4. 12.
13.
14.
PAGE
' How t o a p p l y wood o u t s i d e
c o v e r i n g .................................7 1
How t o a p p l y s t u c c o w a l l c o v e r i n g
................................. 72'
HOW TO BUILD THE F I R E P L A C E .............................................................. 75 1.
How t o l a y o u t
t h e b a s e .............................................................. 75
2.
How t o i n s t a l l
t h e a s h p i t d o o r ..........................................75
3.-
How t o b u i l d t h e c h im n e y w a l l .................................................75
4.
How t o l i n e
5.
How t o c a p t h e c h i m n e y ................................................................ 7 6
6.
How t o b u i l d
th e
f l u e .....................................................................7 6
t h e h e a r t h ................................................................ 7 6
HOW TO INSTALL WINDOWS ANDDOORS.
.............................................80
1.
How t o a s s e m b l e w in d o w f r a m e s .................................................8 0
2.
How t o s e a l t h e
3.
How t o f i x w in d o w f r a m e s i n o p e n i n g ................................. 81
4.
How t o i n s t a l l
t h e w in d o w s a s h
5.
How t o i n s t a l l
t h e d o o r s i l l ...............................................82
6.
How t o i n s t a l l
t h e d o o r f r a m e ...............................................82
j o i n t s a g a in s t th e w e a th e r
,
t
81
.....................................81
HOW TO INSTALL THE W I R I N G ....................................................................86 1.
How t o i n s t a l l
th e r i g id
c o n d u i t ...................................... 86
2.
How t o a p p l y a r m o r e d c a b l e ..................................................... 87
viii CHAPTER
15.
16.
17.
PAGE
3.
How t o i n s t a l l n o n m e t a l l i c
c a b l e .........................88
4.
How t o o b t a i n t h e c o r r e c t w i r e
5.
How t o a t t a c h
6.
How t o p l a c e m e t e r s ............................................................ 90
7.
How t o
8.
How t o a t t a c h
s i z e ....................88
e n tra n c e w ire s to th e house
in sta ll
o u tle t boxes
. . .
. . . . .
89
90
s w i t c h e s ................................................................91
HOW TO INSTALL THE HEATING S Y S T E M ................................................ 9 4 1.
How t o s e t u p a w arm a i r f u r n a c e ........................... . .
94
2.
How t o i n s t a l l a g r a v i t y warm a i r s y s t e m
94
3.
How t o i n s t a l l a f o r c e d warm a i r s y s t e m
4.
How t o p u t i n r a d i a n t h e a t i n g ...................................95
. . . . . . .
HOW TO APPLY INTERIOR WALL F I N I S H ................................... . . 1.
How t o i n s t a l l t h e p l a s t e r b a s e ..............................99
2.
How t o p l a s t e r t h e w a l l s a n d c e i l i n g s ............. 1 0 0
3.
How t o a p p l y d r y w a l l m a t e r i a l s ............................ 1 0 1
95
99
HOW TO BUILD THE S T A I R S ....................................................................... 1 0 4 1.
How t o b u i l d t h e
l a n d i n g s ............................................1 0 4
2.
How t o m ak e t h e s t r i n g e r s ........................................... 1 0 4
3.
How t o m ake t h e t r e a d s ................................................ 1 0 4
4*
How t o c u t t h e r i s e r s .....................................
5.
How t o b r a c e t h e s t a i r s .................................................105
1 05
ix CHAPTER 18.
19.
20.
PAGE
HOW TO BUILD FIXED FURNITURE............................................................. 1 0 8 1.
How
t o m ak e k i t c h e n
c a b in e ts
. . . . . . . . .
108
2.
How
t o b u i l d k i t c h e n w o r k t a b l e s ...................................1 0 9
3.
How
t o b u i l d b e d ro o m c l o s e t s .............................................109
4.
How
t o m ake b u i l t - i n
b o o k c a s e s ....................................... I l l
HOW TO INSTALL THE T R I M ........................................................................1 1 6 1.
How
t o i n s t a l l d o o r j a m b s .......................................................1 1 6
2.
How
to i n s t a l l
3.
How
t o i n s t a l l w in d o w t r i m s ..................................................117
4.
How
t o i n s t a l l b a s e b o a r d s .......................................................1 1 8
HOWTO LAY
door c a sin g s
.............................................117
THE F L O O R IN G ...................................................................... 12 1
1.
How t o l a y w oo d f l o o r i n g ............................................. .
2.
How
t o l a y l i n o l e u m ...................................................................... 12 2
3.
How
to la y a s p h a lt t i l e PART 3 .
. 1 21
........................................12 4
BEAUTIFICATION
HOW TO HE CORATE YOUR HOUSE 21.
HOW TO PAINT YOUR H O U S E ....................................................................... 1 2 8 1.
How
to o b ta in th e
c o r r e c t b r u s h ........................................1 2 8
2.
How
t o a p p l y e x t e r i o r p r i m e r ............................................ 128
3.
How t o a p p l y t o p e x t e r i o r c o a t s ...............................
4.
How
t o s t a i n t h e w o o d w o r k .......................................................1 2 9
5.
How
t o p a i n t s t u c c o ........................
. 129
1 30
CHAPTER 6. 22.
23.
PAGE How t o a p p l y i n t e r i o r p a i n t ....................................... . . 130
HOW TO PAPER THE W A L L S
. 134
1.
How t o c u t t h e w a l l p a p e r ..........................................................
2.
How t o
a p p ly th e p a s te
3.
How t o
a p p ly th e p a p e r to
134
............................................ 1 3 4 t h e w a l l ................................ 135
HOW TO APPLYTHE1F I N I S H 1M A T E R IA IS ............................................... 1 3 9 1.
How t o
a p p l y i n l a i d w o o d w o r k .............................................13 9
2.
How t o
a p p ly g l a s s
3.
How t o
a p p ly k i t c h e n a n d b a th ro o m t i l e b o a r d
4.
How t o
a p p ly p l a s t i c
3.
How t o
a p p l y m e t a l t i l e ............................................................1 4 1
b lo c k s
....................................... 13 9 .
. 140
t i l e .......................................................140
RESERVE SHELF............................................................................................................... 143
LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE
PAGE
1.
FRAMING B R A C E ................................................................................................. 1 8
2.
CORNER P O S T .................................................................
3.
ROOF F R A M I N G ................................................................................................. 20
4.
ROOF R A F T E R ...................................................................................................... 22
5.
F IR E P L A C E ............................................................................................................ 29
6.
SLAB F L O O R ................................................................................
7.
PLUMBING S Y S T E M ............................................................................................ 39
8.
WIRING P IC T O R A L ............................................................................................40
9.
RADIANT HEATING S Y S T E M ....................................................................... 4 1
10.
BATTER BOARD SET U P .................................................................................. 47
11.
HEARTH CONSTRUCTION..................................................................
19
34
.
.
77
12.
KITCHEN WORK TABLE AND C A B I N E T ................................................ 1 1 0
13.
HARDWOOD FLOOR CONSTRUCTION...........................................................1 2 3
14.
FOLDED WALLPAPER
................................................................................. 1 3 6
PART 1.
CREATION
To h a v e a h o u s'e y o u do n o t s i m p l y s t a r t t o b u i l d . You m u s t f i r s t
c r e a t e t h e h o u se i n y o u r m in d , an d t h i s
c r e a t i o n l e a d s t o t h e d e s i g n i n g o f t h e h o u s e on p a p e r . T h is c r e a t i o n i s
b a s e d on m any t h i n g s ,
life
t h e p l a c e w here yo u w is h t o
o c c u p a tio n ,
such a s y o u r liv e ,
th e
s i z e o f y o u r p r o p o s e d f a m i l y a n d t h e m an y b u i l d i n g re g u la tio n s in your a re a . we w i l l
t a k e up i n
T h e s e t h i n g s a n d m any m o re
p a rt 1 of our c o u rse.
A t th e c o n c lu sio n of p a r t 1 o f t h i s h av e a c o m p lete
c o u rse you w i l l
s e t o f b lu e p r in te d p la n s f o r y o u r houses
CHAPTER 1 HOW TO DESIGN THE FLOOR PLANS A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
2.
R e w a r d s t h a t come f r o m g o o d f l o o r p l a n s .
LOWER HEATING COSTS:
By l o c a t i n g ro o m s t o m ak e
th e g r e a te s t p o ss ib le
use o f th e su n .
COMFORTABLE LIVING: y o u r house to
From a r r a n g i n g t h e ro o m s o f
ta k e a d v a n ta g e o f w in d s,
and such c o n d itio n s
breezes
a s t h e w e a t h e r may b r i n g t o
your lo c a tio n . 3.
FREEDOM FROM LEGAL ENTANGLEMENTS: p l a n s so a s t o
4.
By d r a w i n g y o u r
co n fo rm w i t h t h e l o c a l
PLEASURABLE HOUSEWORK:
b u ild in g code
A r r a n g i n g t h e ro o m s f o r
th e g r e a t e s t am ount o f c o n v e n ie n c e and s t e p s a v in g m akes h o u se w o rk a c t u a l l y a p l e a s u r e . 5.
REDUCED LABOR IN BUILDING:
A good s e t o f f l o o r
p l a n s m akes b u i l d i n g r u n s m o o th ly . B.
DIRECTIONS:
H e lp fu l h i n ts in lo c a tin g th e v a rio u s
room s o f y o u r h o u s e . 1.
How t o l o c a t e a.
t h e l i v i n g ro o m .
Draw t h e l i v i n g (1)
ro o m f a c i n g s o u t h .
D u r i n g t h e sum m er t h e s u n i s h i g h i n t h e sk y and th e l i v i n g
room w i l l b e a l m o s t
d i r e c t l y u n d e rn e a th a t a l l
tim e s.
(2 )
D u r i n g t h e w i n t e r t h e s u n i s lo w i n t h e s k y a n d t h e l i v i n g ro o m g e t s t h e d i r e c t warm, s u n r a y s .
(3)
Some c o m p r o m is e m ay h a v e t o t h e v iew i s
P la c e th e l iv i n g
b e m ad e w h e n
a fa c to r. room s o t h a t i t
opens in to
an e n t r a n c e h a l l o r m ain h a llw a y . C o n stru c t th e l iv i n g
room r e c t a n g u l a r i n s h a p e .
D i m e n s i o n t h e ro om a c c o r d i n g t o y o u r n e e d s . (A room o f 14* x 2 0 ’ i s a b o u t a v e r a g e . ) D raw t h e l i v i n g room so t h a t i t a c c e s s ib le to to lo c a te
i s re a d ily
th e d in n in g a r e a ,
th e k itc h e n .
L o c a te t h e k i t c h e n i n a c o rn e r o f y o u r h o u s e . (1)
T h i s g i v e s two w a l l s f o r l i g h t i n g .
(2)
C ro ss v e n ti l a t io n
i s o b ta in e d in th is
m anner. D e s i g n t h e room i n a - r e c t a n g u l a r f o r m . (1 )
Y o u r e q u i p m e n t w i l l d e t e r m i n e i n some m anner t h e d im e n s io n .
(2)
G e n e ra lly sp e a k in g th e k itc h e n sh o u ld h a v e a b o u t 93 s q u a r e f e e t f o r t h e a v e r a g e s i x o r s e v e n ro o m h o u s e .
L o c a t e t h e room so t h a t i t s
exposure i s n o r th
e a s t o r n o rth w e st i s p o s s ib le .
d.
A r r a n g e t h e ro o m s o t h a t t h e b r e e z e o r p r e v a i l in g w in d i s
used in th e
sum m er, a n d t h e s u n s h i n e
in th e w in te r. e.
D e sig n a s l i t t l e
How t o
lo c a te
door space as p o s s ib le .
t h e d i n i n g ro o m .
a.
D e sig n t h e s i z e a c c o rd in g t o y o u r n e e d s .
b.
D raw t h e d i n i n g ro o m i n a r e c t a n g u l a r s h a p e .
c.
A rrang e a s o u th e rn o r s o u th e a s te r n if
d.
exposure
p o ss ib le .
D i m e n s io n t h e room s i z e i n a b o u t 11 X 1 4 .
th e p ro p o rtio n o f
(T h is i s n o t an a b s o lu te t h in g ,
b u t k e e p t h e ro o m d i m e n s i o n s c l o s e . ) e.
L o c a t e t h e d i n i n g ro o m a d j a c e n t t o t h e k i t c h e n .
How t o l o c a t e a.
D e sig n th e
th e b ed ro o m s. s i z e a n d num ber o f b ed ro o m s,
a c c o rd in g to y o u r fa m ily n e e d s . b.
Draw o n e b e d ro o m l a r g e r t h a n t h e o t h e r s t o s e r v e a s a m a s te r b ed ro o m .
c.
L o c a te t h e g u e s t bed ro o m , i f
you h a v e o n e , t o
h ave th e b e s t v ie w . d.
D e s i g n t h e ro o m s a b o u t 14 0 t o 1 8 0 s q u a r e f e e t .
How t o
l o c a t e t h e b a th ro o m .
a.
D e s i g n t h e room s o t h a t i t
opens o f f a h a llw a y .
b.
D raw n o room w i t h d i r e c t c o n n e c t i o n .
c.
L o c a t e t h e b a t h r o o m on t h e sam e f l o o r a s t h e
bed ro o m s. d.
D e sig n t h e e x p o s u re to s u i t t h e g e n e r a l d e s ig n of th e h o u se.
( T h i s room, d o e s n o t u s e a n y o f
t h e s o l a r h e a t i n g o r c o o lin g m e th o d s so i t s e x act lo c a tio n i s not im p o rta n t.) How t o l o c a t e a.
th e u t i l i t y room s.
D e s ig n s t o r a g e room s, o r u t i l i t y p la c e to
ro om
a t any
co n fo rm w i t h t h e g e n e r a l d e s i g n
of
th e b u ild in g . b.
Draw a d e n , i f th a t i t
you h av e o n e , a t su ch a p la c e
can ta k e a d v a n ta g e o f a l l th e su n and
b reezes. W h e re t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserv e S h e lf
(L is te d in f u l l
a t th e end o f
t h i s p r o j e c t a n d c i t e d h e r e by c o d e n u m b e r s to save sp a c e ): 2 5 i 7 6 -1 2 6 ; 9 :1-40; 211;
7 :e n tire
10;
11;
1 9 0 -2 3 5 ;
5:36-47;
book;
1 2 :1 -9 3 ;
1 8 :1 4 -1 5 , 2 0 -21;
2 2 :8 3 -1 0 0 ,
b.
1 :1 - 2 3 ;
297-311;
8 :e n tire 1 3 :4 2 -8 0 ;
2 0 :5 0 -5 3 ;
2 3 :2 3 -2 5 ,
book; 1 5 :2 0 2 -
2 1 :6 2 -1 2 5 ;
34, 5 4 -82 ;
24:
2 5 :3 2 9 -4 0 4 .
O b se rv in g v i s i t s
to t h e h o u s e s o f f r i e n d s and
n e ig h b o rs . c.
6 : 1 1 , 16,
A ny m a g a z i n e o n a r c h i t e c t u r e .
C.
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS: Laboratory work in floor plan d e sig n in g . 1.
D e sig n th e
f l o o r p l a n s f o r y o u r h o u s e on a n o r t h
e a st co rn er l o t . 2.
D e s i g n t h e f l o o r p l a n s f o r y o u r h o u s e on a n o r t h w est co rn er l o t .
3.
D e sig n th e f l o o r p l a n s f o r y o u r h o u se on a s o u t h e a st co rn er l o t .
4.
D e s ig n t h e f l o o r p l a n s f o r y o u r h o u se on a s o u t h w est c o rn e r l o t .
$.
D e sig n t h e f l o o r p l a n s f o r y o u r h o u se a ssu m in g a m id d le o f t h e b lo c k l o t f a c i n g i n any d i r e c t i o n .
D.
EVALUATION: use in 1.
S a m p le e v a l u a t i o n i n s t r u m e n t s f o r p o s s i b l e
c h e c k in g f l o o r p la n d e s i g n i n g .
TRUE-FALSE:
P la c e an X i n th e c o r r e c t s p a c e f o r
tru e o r f a ls e . T a.
F
( ) ( )
It is
b e s t t o l o c a t e t h e d i n i n g room
fa c in g so u th . b.
( ) ( )
The f r o n t d o o r s h o u l d o p e n d i r e c t l y in to
c.
( ) (
)
th e liv in g
ro o m .
Y o u r d i n i n g ro o m s h o u l d be a b o u t 2 4 ’ X 34*.
d.
C ) ( ) T he d i n i n g ro o m s h o u l d be l o c a t e d s o
th a t i t e.
(
) (
)
i s n e x t to th e k itc h e n ,
W indow s p a c e i n t h e k i t c h e n s h o u l d be on one s i d e o n ly .
f.
(
) (
)
The k i t c h e n s h o u ld be r e c t a n g u l a r i n s tru c tu re .
g.
(
) C )
L o c a te th e k i tc h e n so t h a t i t s is
h.
(
) (
ex p o su re
so u th i f p o s s ib le .
} The s i z e o f y o u r e x p e c t e d f a m i l y s h o u ld d e t e r m i n e t h e n u m b e r o f b e d ro o m s i n your house.
i.
£ ) (
)
It is
b e st to lo c a te
th e k itc h e n n ex t
t o t h e l i v i n g ro o m i f j.
(
) (
)
p o ss ib le ,
A l l t h e b e d ro o m s s h o u l d b e d r a w n t h e sam e s i z e .
BEST ANSWER:
P la c e t h e num ber o f t h e c o r r e c t
answ er in th e p a re n th e s e s . a.
( )
When d e s i g n i n g t h e b a t h r o o m y o u s h o u l d : (1 ) L o c a te i t
j u s t o f f t h e m a s t e r b e d ro o m
w ith an e n tr a n c e .
(2)
c o rn e r of th e h o u se.
w ay.
is
in a
(3 ) L o c a te i t
o n l y on t h e e a s t s i d e . so t h a t i t
Put i t
(4 ) P l a c e i t
a c c e s s i b l e from a h a l l
(50 L o c a t e i t
b e tw e e n t h e l i v i n g
ro o m a n d d i n i n g r o o m . b.
( )
When p l a c i n g t h e u t i l i t y
ro o m y o u s h o u l d :
(1) L o c a te i t (2 ) P u t i t ( 3 ) Draw i t
a n y p la c e i t
c.
( ) When
c a n be w o r k e d i n .
o n ly w ith s o u th e rn e x p o su re .
(4 ) D e sig n i t tio n .
in one c o rn e r o f y o u r h o u se .
so t h a t i t h a s c r o s s v e n t i l a
(5) L o c a te i t
d e s i g n i n g y o u r l i v i n g ro o m i t
t o : (1 ) D e sig n i t ( 2 ) D raw i t Make i t
(1 )
best
in a r e c ta n g u la r fo rm .
in th e
s h a p e o f an L . ( 5 ) Make i t
p e n d in g on w h a t s p a c e i s ( ) When
is
i n th e shape o f a s q u a r e .
c u rv ed w a l ls .
d.
on t h e se c o n d f l o o r .
(3)
(4) D e sig n
any shape d e
l e f t o v er.
d e s i g n i n g y o u r b ed ro o m s y o u s h o u l d : D e s i g n a s m an y b e d ro o m s a s y o u h a v e
t h e m o n ey t o b u i l d .
( 2 ) Draw tw o b e d r o o m s .
( 3 ) D e s i g n a s m an y b e d ro o m s a s b a t h r o o m s . ( 4 ) D e c i d e t h e n u m b e r o f b e d ro o m s n e e d e d a c c o rd in g to your p ro p o se d fa m ily .
(5 )
D e c i d e t h e n u m b e r o f b e d ro o m s a c c o r d i n g to th e a d v ic e o f a u t h o r i t i e s on th e s u b t
je c t. RATING- SCALE:
P la c e an X i n th e
sp a ce s a c c o rd in g
to y o u r p r e s e n t acc o m p lish m e n t. a.
(
} D raw n a l l f l o o r p l a n s c o m p l e t e .
b.
(
) D e sig n ed y o u r l i v i n g
c.
(
) L o c a te d y o u r k i t c h e n i n one c o rn e r
fa c in g so u th . o f th e
house. D e s i g n e d y o u r ro o m s r e c t a n g u l a r i n
shape.
P la c e d t h e b a th ro o m w i t h a n o p e n in g t o a h a llw a y . D e s i g n e d o n e m a s t e r b e d ro o m . G iv e n y o u r b edroom s i n t h e v i c i n i t y o f 140 t o 180 s q u a r e f e e t . D e s i g n e d y o u r d i n i n g ro o m s o t h a t i t
is
r e a d ily a c c e s s ib le to th e k itc h e n . D raw n t h e b a t h r o o m a s c l o s e t o t h e
bed
ro o m s a s p o s s i b l e . L o c a te d th e u t i l i t y
room g i v i n g p r i o r i t y
to a l l t h e o t h e r room s.
10 CHAPTER 2 HOW TO DESIGN THE ELEVATION PLANS A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
A d v a n ta g e s o f good e l e v a t i o n p l a n s .
BETTER LIGHTING:
T hrough, s k i l l f u l p la c e m e n t o f
w in d o w s. 2.
EASIER ROOM ADDITIONS:
As t h e f a m i l y grow s y ou
may n e e d t o a d d a b e d r o o m . 3.
EARLIER BUILDING DATE: w ill
4.
The b u i l d i n g c o m m issio n
*0K* a g o o d s e t o f p l a n s q u i c k l y .
INCENTIVE TO BUILD:
A v iew o f t h e en d m akes t h e
b e g i n n i n g se em e a s y . B.
DIRECTIONS:
S u g g e stio n s to h e lp you d e s ig n th e
p la n
v iew s f o r y o u r h o u s e . 1.
How t o d e s i g n t h e f r o n t e l e v a t i o n . a.
D raw i n (1)
th e s to ry h e ig h t o r h e ig h ts .
C o n su lt yo u r b u ild in g
c o d e f o r m inim um
a llo w a b le d is ta n c e s . (2 )
In k in th e f l o o r l in e
from t h e b e g in n in g .
b.
D raw i n
th e grade l i n e .
c.
Draw i n
t h e c e n t e r l i n e f o r w in d o w s.
d.
Lay o u t
th e c o rn e rs o f th e h o u se.
e.
Draw t h e f r o n t d o o r o n t h e p l a n . (1 )
I t i s n o t n e c e s s a r y t o go t o
any g re a t
le n g th h e re in d e sig n in g th e d o o r,
sim p ly
u se o v e r a l l d im e n sio n s. (2)
C o n s u l t y o u r f l o o r p l a n s a n d m ake c e r t a i n th e f r o n t door e n te r s i n to
th e
co rrect
room . f.
D raw f i n i s h
sy m b o l-o n t h e w a l l i f
d e sire d .
(S in c e you a r e g o in g to b u ild th e h o u se i t is not e s s e n tia l.) g.
D raw n e c e s s a r y s e c t i o n s t o t h e s i d e .
How t o d e s i g n t h e r e a r e l e v a t i o n . a.
D raw i n t h e h e i g h t o r h e i g h t s o f t h e f l o o r l e v e l s
b.
D raw t h e g r a d e l i n e .
c.
D ra w , u s i n g t e c h n i q u e u s e d i n t h e f r o n t e l e v a t i o n
How t o a.
d e sig n th e s id e
e le v a tio n s .
D e sig n b o th s id e e l e v a t i o n s . a le ft
(A r i g h t s i d e a n d
s i d e fro m t h e f r o n t . )
b.
L o c a te w in d o w s.
(C o n su lt th e f l o o r p la n .)
c.
Draw i n t h e g r a d e l i n e .
d.
In k in th e f lo o r l i n e .
e.
Draw o n l y t h e o u t s i d e v i e w s .
(Do n o t i n c l u d e
i n t e r i o r p a r t i t i o n s .) f.
A p p ly t h e
s i d i n g sy m b o l.
(A s m a l l p a t c h w i l l
d o .) How t o a.
d e s i g n t h e c u t a w ay o r
S e c tio n *
v ie w s.
Draw a t l e a s t o n e s e c t i o n v i e w l o o k i n g i n b o th t h e f r o n t and s i d e .
12 b.
In c lu d e i n th e v ie w s th e f o u n d a tio n w a lls and fo o tin g .
c.
Ink in th e f l o o r l i n e .
d.
D raw i n t h e g r a d e l i n e .
(O n ly fro m t h e f o u n d a
tio n w a ll o u tw a rd .) e.
D raw i n t h e s y m b o l s i f in p a rtic u la r to
5,
d e sire d .
(T h is a p p li e s
th e fo u n d a tio n .)
How t o d e s i g n t h e n e c e s s a r y g a r a g e v i e w s . a.
D e s i g n no f l o o r p l a n s i n c e i t
is
to
be a s l a b
in a l l cases. b.
D e sig n enough s p a c e f o r w o rk in g i f to
c.
a s a w orkshop.
Draw tw o e l e v a t i o n s . is
d.
use i t
you in te n d
(M ore i f
d e s i r e d b u t tw o
s u ffic ie n t.)
D ra w , u s i n g sam e t e c h n i q u e a s y o u d i d w i t h t h e house p la n s .
e.
D e s i g n a m inim um o f 1 0 ’ x 18* f o r a s i n g l e c a r g arag e.
(S in g le
c a r g arag es a re d e f i n i te l y n o t
r e c o m m e n d e d .) f.
D e s i g n a m inim um o f 2 0 ’ x 2 2 | *
f o r a tw o c a r
g arag e. g. 6.
D raw s y m b o l s o n p l a n i f
W h e re t o a.
d e sire d .
go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e .
R eserv e S h e l f : 1 7 :7 3 -7 5 ;
5 :4 8 -7 8 ;
1 8 :2 2 -3 7 , 138;
6 :7 6 -1 2 6 ; 1 9 :8 0 -9 4 ;
1 6 :1 2 1 -1 2 4 ; 2 0 :2 4 -3 0 ,
13 5 0 -53;
2 2 :2 4 5 ,
3 21-346, 501;
2 3 :2 6 -2 9 ;
24:
235-2 49 . C.
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
-P ro je c ts In e le v a tio n p la n
d e sig n in g . 1.
D e sig n a c o m p lete s e t o f e l e v a t i o n p la n s f o r your house.
2.
D e sig n a co m p lete s e t o f e l e v a t i o n p l a n s
fo r th e
c la s s p ro je c t house. D.
EVALUATION:
S a m p l e s o f e v a l u a t i o n i n s t r u m e n t s t h a t m ay
be u se d i n r e l a t i o n 1.
TRUE-FALSE:
to your d e sig n in g e le v a tio n
p la n s.
P la c e an X i n th e c o r r e c t sp a c e f o r
tru e o r fa ls e . T a.
F
( ){ )
When d r a w i n g e l e v a t i o n p l a n s i t
is
a d v is a b le to in k in th e f l o o r l i n e . b.
( )( )
W indow s s h o u l d h a v e a c e n t e r l i n e d ra w n t h r o u g h t h e m .
c.
( )( )
A c o m p l e t e s e t o f p l a n s i n c l u d e s tw o e le v a tio n v ie w s.
d.
()(,*)
The r e a r e l e v a t i o n p la n i s
an u n n eces
s a r y d ra w in g . e.
( )( )
P a rtitio n s
s h o u l d be i n c l u d e d i n t h e
s i d e v iew s o n ly ,
f.
( )C )
S i d i n g sy m b o ls a r e a b s o l u t e l y n e c e s s a r y ,
g.
( } ( )
It is
good p r a c t i c e
to
show o n l y a s m a l l
p o r t i o n o f t h e sy m b o l w hen y o u u s e sy m b o ls. h.
( } ( )
Two s e c t i o n v i e w s a r e n e c e s s a r y w i t h a c o m p le te s e t o f p l a n s .
BEST ANSWER:
P la c e th e num ber o f t h e
c o r r e c t answ er
in th e p a re n th e se s. a.
( ) When d r a w i n g i n t h e h e i g h t s to r y you sh o u ld :
( 1 ) Make i t
y o u r h e a d p l u s tw o f e e t . b e s t ju d g m e n t. houses. code. b.
of your f i r s t a s h ig h a s
(2 ) U se y o u r
( 3 ) A s k p e o p l e who own
(4 ) C o n s u lt y o u r l o c a l b u i ld i n g ( 5 ) D raw a l l c e i l i n g s t e n f e e t h i g h .
( } When d e s i g n i n g y o u r g a r a g e
you sh o u ld :
{1} D raw t h e f o u r e l e v a t i o n s . tw o e l e v a t i o n s .
( 2 ) Draw
( 3 ) Draw f o u r e l e v a t i o n s
p l u s tw o s e c t i o n s .
( 4 ) D raw tw o e l e v a t i o n s
p l u s tw o s e c t i o n s .
( 5 ) Draw s e c t i o n s o n l y ,
RATING SCALE:
P la c e an X in th e
sp aces t h a t you
h av e c o m p le te d . a.
( )
D e sig n e d a c o m p lete s e t o f e l e v a t i o n p l a n s .
b.
( )
Inked i n a l l f l o o r l i n e s .
c.
( )
D raw n i n a l l
d.
( )
D e sig n ed a c c o rd in g to t h e l o c a l b u i ld i n g code.
g rad e l i n e s .
15 e.
( ) P u t c e n t e r l i n e s t h r o u g h t h e w in d o w s.
f.
( ) In c lu d e d fo u n d a tio n in s e c tio n s .
g.
( ) C o n su lte d f l o o r p la n s f o r e x a c tn e s s .
16 CHAPTER 3 HOW TO DESIGN THE FRAMING PLANS A.
MOTIVATION:
B e n e f i t s t h a t a c c r u e from s k i l l f u l l y
draw n f r a m in g p l a n s . 1.
REDUCED LIKELIHOOD OF DISASTER: fra m in g m e e ts f i r e
2.
ADAPTABILITY:
W ell d e s ig n e d
and e a r th q u a k e c h a l l e n g e .
Good d e s i g n i n g m e a n s a d d - o n s ' a r e
sim p le . 3.
STURDY HOUSE:
T he f r a m i n g d e s i g n d e t e r m i n e s t h e
d eg ree o f s t u r d i n e s s . B.
DIRECTIONS:
Some p o i n t e r s i n t h e d e s i g n i n g o f
fra m in g p l a n s , 1.
How t o
d e s ig n th e f l o o r fra m in g .
a.
Draw t h e
e x a c t num ber o f tim b e r s t o
be u se d .
b.
D raw t h e f r a m i n g a t a £** e q u a l 1* s c a l e .
c.
D e sig n 2 ” X 6 " f l o o r j o i s t s
fo r sin g le sto ry
house. d.
D e sig n 2 ” X 8 " f l o o r j o i s t s
e.
D raw t h e
jo is ts
f o r tw o s t o r y h o u s e .
16” on c e n t e r ,
(A lig n th e
j o i s t s w i t h t h e fra m in g w here p o s s i b l e . )
2.
f .
D e sig n s p l i c e s
g.
D raw t h e p l a n s w i t h t h e
How t o a.
so t h a t t h e y o c c u r o v e r a g i r d e r . b u ild in g code a t h a n d .
d e s ig n th e w a ll fra m in g .
D e sig n s tu d d in g 1 6 ” a p a r t on c e n t e r .
b.
D raw b r a c i n g a c c o r d i n g t o t h e b u i l d i n g of your a re a.
code
(S in k b ra c e s f l u s h w ith s tu d s
a s sh o w n i n F i g u r e 1 . ) c.
D e sig n c o r n e r p o s t u s in g t h r e e
2 I
4s.
(S ee
F ig u re 2 .) d.
D raw d o u b l e s t u d d i n g a r o u n d a l l o p e n i n g s .
e.
D raw f i r e
f.
Draw d o u b l e c a p o f 2 X 4 s .
Hovtf t o a.
sto p s re g a rd le s s o f b u ild in g
d e sig n th e c e ilin g
Draw c e i l i n g
codes.
fra m in g .
jo is ts of 2 X 6 .
(T h ere a r e
w h e r e 2 X 4 s w i l l do b u t c o n s u l t t h e
cases
b u ild in g
code. ) b.
D e sig n t h e j o i s t s th e ro o f r a f t e r s
s o t h a t t h e y come f l u s h w i t h and th e o u ts id e
stu d d in g .
(S e e F i g u r e 3*) c.
D e sig n t h e j o i s t s
fa ste n e d to th e ro o f r a f t e r s
and th e cap. d.
D raw a l l
s p lic e s over p a r titio n s .
e.
Draw c r o s s b r i d g i n g a c c o r d i n g t o t h e
b u ild in g
code. f.
L o c a te j o i s t s one s tu d w id th o f f t h e w a ll stu d d in g .
How t o
d e sig n th e ro o f fra m in g .
a.
D e sig n r a f t e r s
b.
D raw r a f t e r s
le n g th g iv in g o v erh an g .
d i r e c t l y o v e r w a ll stu d d in g .
F/GUFE /. FRAMING BRACE
19
icPt
FIGURE' 2 . CORNER P O S T
F/GURE 3. . ROOF F R A M IN G
21 c.
d.
D e sig n th e r a f t e r s
so t h a t th e y a r e
to th e
c a p by u s i n g a n o t c h i f
hang*
(S ee F i g u r e 4 . )
D e sig n r o o f r i s e
to
fa ste n e d
you w ant o v e r
co n fo rm w i t h t h e a r e a i n
w h ic h you l i v e a n d y o u r p e r s o n a l t a s t e . (1)
F la t,
o r a lm o st f l a t ,
ro o fs are a lrig h t
i n a r e a s w here t h e r e i s no h e av y snow s. (a)
T h is r e q u i r e s heavy ro o f g i r d e r s o r jo is ts .
(2)
A th irty
d e g re e g a b le ro o f i s
about th e
c h o ic e , o f t h e m a s s e s . e.
Draw r a f t e r s
of 2 X 6 u n le ss
b u ild in g code
d ir e c ts o th e rw ise . f.
D e sig n r a f t e r s
to a tta c h to
c e ilin g
j o i s t s and
th e p l a t e . g. 5.
D e sig n d o u b le r a f t e r s a ro u n d a l l o p e n in g s .
W h e re t o g o f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserv e S h e lf : 24 8 -2 5 1 ; 1 6 -19;
2 :6 5 ,
6 :3 5 ;
11;
2 2 :2 2 8 -2 2 9 ,
2 4 :4 9 -6 3 , 7 7 -8 2 , G.
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
234,
235,
241, 245,
1 4 :7 2 2 -7 2 3 ; 506;
2 3 :8 3 -1 4 4 ,
P r o je c ts in d e sig n in g ro o f
D e sig n th e r o o f fra m in g f o r y o u r h o u s e .
IB :
300- 3 2 1 ;
257.
fram es. 1.
1 5 :2 0 ;
247,
F/GURE 4. ROOF RAFTER
2.
D e sig n a r o o f fra m in g d ra w in g f o r t h e c l a s s p r o j e c t house.
D.
EVALUATION:
S a m p le s o f e v a l u a t i o n i n s t r u m e n t s t h a t
may b e e m p lo y e d r e g a r d i n g y o u r d e s i g n i n g r o o f f r a m i n g . 1.
TRUE-FALSE:
P la c e an X i n th e c o r r e c t space f o r
tru e o r f a ls e . T
F
a.
( )
( ) A ll stu d d in g
s h o u ld be 2 X 8 s .
b.
( )
C ) F lo o r j o i s t s
s h o u l d n e v e r b e m o re t h a n
one f o o t a p a r t . c.
( )
C ) A sc a le of
d.
( )
( ) M o st b u i l d i n g c o d e s
e q u a l 1* i s
sa tis fa c to ry .
re q u ire flo o r j o i s t s
t o be 1 8 " a p a r t . e.
{ ) ( ) F r a m i n g p l a n s s h o u l d show a l l
th e tim b e rs
used. f.
{) ( ) J o is ts
sh o u ld be a lig n e d w ith
g.
( ) ( } F lo o r j o i s t s p lic e s
stu d s.
s h o u ld be p la c e d
o n ly o v er g i r d e r s . h.
( ) ( )
The s tu d d in g b r a c i n g s h o u ld be f l u s h w ith th e o u ts id e o f th e s tu d s .
2.
BEST ANSWER:
P la c e th e num ber o f th e b e s t an sw er
in th e p a re n th e s e s. a.
C )
W hen d e s i g n i n g t h e c e i l i n g
s h o u ld :
j o i s t s you
Cl) U s e 2 X 8 s o n l y .
( 2 ) D raw
24 w ith 2 X 1 0 s.
(3 ) U se o n ly 2 X 6 s .
C o n su lt b u ild in g ( 5 ) U se t h e
(4)
code f o r c o r r e c t s i z e .
same s i z e a s y o u r n e i g h b o r s
house. b.
( }
In d e s ig n in g w a l l fra m in g you s h o u ld : (1)
D e sig n th e s t u d s 16 ” a p a r t c e n t e r t o
c e n te r.
(2) D e sig n t h e
c e n te r to
c e n te r.
stu d s 18” a p a rt
(3 ) D e sig n a 1 6 ” sp a c e
b e tw e e n t h e s t u d s .
(4 ) D e sig n t h e s t u d s
w i t h an 1 8 ” s p a c e b e tw e e n th e m . th e
( 5 ) Draw
stu d s a re a so n a b le d is ta n c e a p a r t.
EATING 3CAIJ!:
4
P la c e an X i n t h e s p a c e s f o r w h ic h
you q u a li f y . a.
( )
You h a v e d ra w n a c o m p l e t e s e t o f f r a m i n g p la n s.
b.
( )
Y our s tu d d in g i s 16” a p a r t c e n te r to c e n te r,
.c.
( )
Y ou h a v e d r a w n t h e f l o o r a n d c e i l i n g 16” a p a rt c e n te r to
d.
‘(
)
( )
c e n te r.
Y o u r f r a m i n g p l a n s show d o u b l e s t u d d i n g o r ra fte rs
e.
jo is ts
or jo is ts
a ro u n d a l l o p e n in g s .
You h a v e d r a w n y o u r s p l i c e s a l l o v e r su p p o rts.
f.
{ )
Y our s c a le i s
5" e q u a l l f .
g.
( )
You h a v e d e s i g n e d f i r e
s to p s a c c o rd in g to
th e lo c a l b u ild in g code.
25 Jti.
( ) Y o u r w a l l f r a m i n g p l a n s sh o w t h e b r a c e s c o u n te r sunk,
i.
( ) You h a v e d e s i g n e d t h e r o o f r a f t e r s a g a in s t th e c e ilin g
j.
up
jo is ts ,
( ) Y o u r p l a n s show e x a c t n u m b e r o f t i m b e r s
to
be u se d i n t h e c o n s t r u c t i o n o f y o u r h o u s e .
CHAPTER 4 . HOW TO DESIGN THE FIREPLACE A.
MOTIVATION;
A d v a n t a g e s t h a t may r e s u l t f r o m a w e l l
d e sig n e d f i r e p l a c e . 1.
PLEASANTER EVENINGS AT HOME:
F rom a b e a u t i f u l
e ffic ie n t fire p la c e . 2.
DISTINCTIVENESS:
A good f i r e p l a c e ad d s t h a t
e lite
to u c h . 3.
A MORE BEAUTIFUL LIVING ROOM:
A fire p la c e
d i s t i n g u i s h e s a ’ h o m e 1 f r o m a ’h o u s e ' . B.
DIRECTIONS: 1.
How t o a.
S u g g e s tio n s on th e d e s ig n in g o f a d e sig n th e
e le v a tio n v ie w s.
D e sig n th e f i r e p l a c e lo n g .
fire p la c e .
from f i v e t o e i g h t
(T h e a c t u a l l e n g t h d e p e n d s u p o n
feet th e
s iz e ro o m .) b.
Draw t h e f i r e p l a c e a b o u t s i x t o p ro je c te d in to th e s iz e
c.
t h e ro o m .
e ig h te e n in c h e s
(A g a in d e p e n d in g u pon
o f l i v i n g ro o m .)
D e sig n t h e d i s t a n c e
from t h e f l o o r l i n e t o
th e
m a n te l ab o u t f iv e f e e t . d.
D e sig n th e e l e v a t i o n s i n stu c c o
c o v e rin g .
b ric k o r b ric k w ith
(T h is depen d s upon th e t a s t e
o f t h e home o w n e r . )
e.
D e sig n th e f i r e p l a c e n e a r t h e m id d le o f th e w a l l t o w h ic h i t
is
a tta c h e d .
How t o d e s i g n t h e p l a n v i e w s . a.
D e s i g n t h e t o p o f t h e c h im n e y w i t h a d o u b l e f l u e .
b.
D e s ig n a p l a n a t f l o o r l e v e l sh o w in g c r a d l e .
c.
Draw f l u e o p e n i n g s a c c o r d i n g t o w h a t t h e l o c a l l u m b e r o r m a s o n a r y y a r d s c a r r y i n t h e w ay o f flu e t i l e . 8|"
d.
(D e sig n a r e c t a n g u l a r t i l e
about
x 13” .)
D e sig n h e a r t h e l e v a t i o n a t l e a s t 2 |*
in to
th e
room . How t o d e s i g n t h e a.
s e c tio n v ie w s.
D e sig n a s e c t i o n
ru n n in g fro m to p t o
b o tto m
about \ th ro u g h .
b.
(1)
D raw b a s e 8 "
fo o tin g .
(2)
D raw w a l l 9 "
to h e a rth .
(3)
D raw w a l l o f
c h im n e y l+n t h i c k .
(4)
Draw t h e
(5)
Draw 4 ” b a s e
t h r o a t 6” w id e . fo r h e a rth .
D e sig n a s e c t i o n o f t h e c h im n e y ., sa fe ty 2" i s
d i s t a n c e fro m h o u s e . s a tis fa c to ry
(Show 4 ”
I n some e a s e s
b u t you sh o u ld c o n s u l t t h e
b u ild in g code to be c e r t a i n .) c.
Draw a s e c t i o n t h r o u g h t h e h o riz o n ta lly .
f i r s t flo o r,
28 d. 4.
See F ig u r e 5 .
W h ere t o g o f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserv e s h e lf : 2 6 , 51,
52;
2 2 :3 9 4 ; 140, C.
2 :6 5 -6 7 ,
1 5 : 88- 100, 115,
2 3 :3 0 -3 2 1 ;
250,
2 3 1 -2 3 3 ,
247;
6 :1 7 ,
117, 168, 1 9 8 ;
2 4 :1 8 , 19, 26- 28, 138,
2 6 0 -2 6 3 .
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
P r o je c ts in
th e d e sig n in g o f
fire p la c e s. 1.
D e sig n a c o m p lete
s e t of f ir e p la c e p la n s
fo r your
house. 2.
D e sig n a c o m p le te
set of fire p la c e
p la n s f o r th e
c la s s p ro je c t house. D.
EYALUATIQN:
* S a m p le s o f e v a l u a t i o n t e c h n i q u e s t h a t
may b e a p p l i e d t o 1.
TRUE-FALSE:
th is
se c tio n .
P la c e an X in th e
c o rre c t space f o r
tru e or fa ls e . T a.
F
( )( )
A fire p la c e
s h o u ld be l o c a t e d i n th e
l i v i n g ro o m i n t h e )( )
One d r a w i n g i s
c o r n e r o f th e room .
b.
(
enough f o r a f i r e p l a c e .
c.
( )( )
B r i c k s may be u s e d f o r f l u e
d.
( )( )
I t i s p e r m i s s i b l e t o h a v e m ore t h a n one
lin in g .
h e a r t h f r o m t h e same c h i m n e y . e.
( ) (' )
The m a n t e l s h o u l d b e a b o u t f i v e from t h e f l o o r l i n e .
feet
29
ASH
D U M P
F I G U R E -5. FIREPLACE
A
30 2.
BEST ANSWER:
P la c e th e
c o r r e c t num ber f o r th e
b e s t answ er in th e p a re n th e s e s . a.
C )
W hen d e s i g n i n g a f i r e p l a c e y o u s h o u l d : (1)
D e sig n th e f i r e p l a c e
w ish e s o f your fa m ily . fire p la c e
a c c o rd in g to th e (2 ) D e sig n t h e
a c c o rd in g to th e s iz e o f y o u r
l i v i n g room . your lo c a tio n .
(3 ) D e sig n a c c o r d in g t o (4 ) D e sig n a c c o rd in g to
t h e num ber o f e x p e c te d f a m i l y m em bers. (5)
D e s i g n a c c o r d i n g t o t h e w ay y o u r
house fa c e s . 3.
RATING SCALE:
P l a c e an X i n e a c h s p a c e f o r w h ic h
you q u a li f y . a.
( )
Y ou h a v e d r a w n a c o m p l e t e s e t o f f i r e p l a c e p la n s.
b.
C )
Y o u r p l a n s show a s e p a r a t e
f o o tin g f o r th e
fire p la c e . c.
( )
Y our p l a n s co n fo rm w ith t h e l o c a l
b u ild in g
code. d.
f )
Y ou h a v e l o c a t e d y o u r f i r e p l a c e
in th e
a p p r o x im a te c e n t e r o f one s i d e o f t h e room , e.
( )
Your p la n s c a l l f o r r e c t a n g u l a r f lu e l i n i n g .
31 CHAPTER 5 HOW TO DESIGN THE FOUNDATION PLANS A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
2.
R ew ards
o f w e ll d e sig n e d fo u n d a tio n p l a n s .
REDUCED BUILDING DELAY: F o u n d a t i o n s m u s t b e in sp e c te d b efo re
you can b u ild f u r t h e r ,
m ean a good f a s t
b e g in n in g .
REDUCED DEPRECIATION:
F rom t e r m i t e
good p la n s
p ro o f fo u n d a tio n
p la n s. 3.
MINIMUM HOUSE SETTLING:
From t h o u g h t s g i v e n t o
f o o tin g and w a ll d im e n sio n s. 4.
EASY CONSTRUCTION: tro u b le in th e
B.
DIRECTIONS:
No e r r o r s i n
t h e p l a n s m ea n n o
b u ild in g .
Some h e l p f u l h i n t s o n how t o
d e sig n th e
fo u n d a tio n . 1.
How t o d e s i g n t h e f o o t i n g . a. b.
D e sig n a c o n c r e te f o o t i n g . D e sig n t h e
f o o tin g s a s deep a s th e fo u n d a tio n
w a lls a re w id e .
(C o n su lt b u ild in g
c o d e .)
c.
D raw b e l o w t h e f r o s t l i n e .
d.
D e s i g n m in im u m d i m e n s i o n s o f y o u r l o c a l b u i l d in g code p ro v id e d y o u r g ro u n d i s
e.
firm .
D raw f o o t i n g a s o n e w i t h t h e w a l l s i f a s l a b f l o o r o r s m a ll one s t o r y h o u s e .
2.
How t o
d e sig n th e fo u n d a tio n w a lls .
you
use
D e sig n th e w a l l s a t l e a s t s i x in c h e s t h i c k re g a rd le ss
of b u ild in g code.
D raw a c c o r d i n g t o t h e l o c a l b u i l d i n g c o d e . I f you a r e n o t u s i n g a s l a b f l o o r draw t h e f o u n d a tio n a t l e a s t 18° above th e g ro u n d . D e sig n th e v e n t h o le s i n
th e w a lls a c c o rd in g
to th e lo c a l code. D raw t h e
anchor b o lts s ix f e e t a p a rt and n o t
m ore t h a n tw e lv e i n c h e s fro m a n y c o r n e r .
(T h is
w i l l m eet m ost any b u ild in g c o d e .) to
d e s ig n th e p i e r s and s u p p o r ts .
D e sig n p i e r s a c c o rd in g to
th e lo c a l b u ild in g
code. D raw w o o d e n p i e r s o n l y i n
d ire
em ergency.
D e s ig n a f o o t i n g f o r t h e p i e r b e lo w t h e f r o s t lin e . Draw t h e p i e r s a m inim u m o f f o u r t e e n i n c h e s sq u are. Draw a t e r m i t e to
s h i e l d on th e to p o f p i e r ,
d e sig n th e g a rag e a n d /o r s la b f l o o r .
D e sig n th e s l a b
f o r th e house a t l e a s t s i x
in c h e s above th e grou nd l i n e . D raw t h e s l a b a c c o r d i n g t o
b u ild in g code b u t
a t l e a s t tw e lv e in c h e s t h ic k f o r th e h o u se . Draw f o u r i n c h c o n c r e t e g a r a g e s l a b .
d.
D e s i g n s l a b o n t h e h i g h e s t s p o t on t h e l o t . (1)
A s l a b f l o o r i n a lo w l o t i s w e t m o s t a l l th e tim e .
(2) e. 5.
See F ig u r e 6 f o r a n e x a m p le .
R eserv e s h e l f :
2 :2 2 5 ,
243;
6 :5 0 ;
136;
2 4 :3 8 -4 0 , 4 9 .
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS: d e sig n in g 1.
n ecessary .
W h ere t o g o f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
C.
. B u i l d up i f
1 5 :2 9 ,
228,
3 1-35;
W ork t o
229,
231,
2 4 0 , 2 42
1 6 :2 5 -3 1 ;
2 2 :1 1 3 -
do f o r f o u n d a t i o n
p ro .ie o t.
D e sig n a s e t o f p la n s f o r t h e f o u n d a tio n o f y o u r house.
2.
D e sig n a s e t o f p l a n s
f o r th e fo u n d a tio n o f th e
c la s s p ro je c t house. D.
EVALUATION:
S a m p l e s o f som e t y p e s o f c h e c k - u p s w h i c h
may b e u s e d i n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h t h i s 1.
TRUS-FALSE:
se c tio n .
P la c e an X i n t h e c o r r e c t sp a c e f o r
tru e or fa ls e . T a.
F
( ) ( )
F o o t i n g s s h o u l d b e m ad e o f p o u r e d c o n c re te .
b.
( ) ( )
F o u n d a tio n w a l l s c an be o f m aso n ry a s w e ll a s poured c o n c re te .
gvis
•
N.
yoou
*1
CN
u.
05
c.
(
)(
) T he f o o t i n g
s h o u l d be d r a w n b e lo w t h e
fro st lin e . d.
(
)(
) S la b f l o o r s sh o u ld have no f o o t in g .
e.
(
)(
) A n c h o r b o l t s s h o u l d be draw n f o u r f e e t a p a rt.
f.
(
)(
) A n c h o r b o l t s s h o u l d be d ra w n n o g r e a t e r d i s t a n c e th a n tw e lv e in c h e s fro m any c o rn e r.
g.
(
)(
) V ent h o le s
s h o u l d be d ra w n i n t h e
fo u n d a tio n w a ll. h.
(
) C ) Y ou s h o u l d u s e w o o d e n p i e r s r a t h e r t h a n th o se of c o n c re te .
i.
(
)(
) C o n c re te p i e r s
s h o u l d b e n o t m o re t h a n
n in e in c h e s s q u a re , j.
t
)(
) F o o tin g s a re u n n e ce ssa ry f o r p i e r s .
BIST ANSWER:
P la c e t h e num ber o f t h e b e s t an sw er
in th e p a re n th e s e s. a.
{ )
When d r a w i n g t h e g a r a g e f l o o r y o u s h o u l d : (1)
Make t h e
s l a b 8 i n c h e s t h i c k m in im u m .
(2 )
Make t h e
s l a b 4 i n c h e s t h i c k m axim um .
(3)
Make a 6
in c h s la b .
sla b . b.
(
)
( 4 ) Make a 1 2 i n c h
( 5 ) Make a 2 i n c h s l a b .
T he b e s t w ay t o
d e sig n p ie r s i s :
wooden p i e r s 3 i n c h e s a c r o s s .
(1 ) D e sig n
(2 ) D e sig n
c o n c r e t e p i e r s f o u r t e e n i n c h s q u a r e m in im u m .
(3)
D e s ig n wooden p i e r s
in c h e s in
e ro sse c tio n .
fo u rte e n sq u are (4 )
D e sig n c o n c r e te
(5 )
D e sig n c o n c r e te
p ie r s 3 in c h e s
sq u are.
p ie rs
3 sq u are
in c h e s.
P la c e an
H i n t h e s p a c e f o r w h ic h
RATING SCALE: you q u a li f y . a.
()
You h a v e d r a w n a c o m p l e t e s e t o f f o u n d a tio n
b.
()
p la n s.
Y o u r p l a n s w e re draw n w i t h t h e b u i l d i n g c o d e a s a m inim u m g u i d e ,
e.
()
You d i m e n s i o n e d t h e
anchor b o lts s ix f e e t
a p a r t and tw e lv e in c h e s fro m c o r n e r s . d.
{)
Y our p la n s in c lu d e a g a ra g e s i x in c h s l a b .
e.
()
Y ou h a v e a n e i g h t e e n i n c h d i s t a n c e th e g ro u n d and th e
b e tw e e n
b o tto m o f y o u r f l o o r ,
if
o th e r th a n s la b , f.
C)
Y ou h a v e d ra w n t h e
vent h o le s in to your
fo u n d a tio n w a lls . g.
()
Y ou h a v e d r a w n c o n c r e t e p i e r s w h e r e n e c e s s a r y .
h.
()
Y ou h a v e i n d i c a t e d a t e r m i t e s h i e l d .
i.
()
You h a v e d e s i g n e d y o u r f o o t i n g s b e l o w t h e fro st lin e .
37 CHAPTER 6 HOW TO DESIGN THE U TILITY PLANS A.
MOTIVATION:
A d v a n tag e s of d e s ig n in g good u t i l i t y
p la n s. 1.
GREATER CONVENIENCE:
By l o c a t i n g t h e e l e c t r i c
o u t l e t s and w a te r f a u c e ts in u s a b le p la c e s . 2.
CONFORMITY:
Good p l a n s h a v e n o t r o u b l e w i t h t h e
lo c a l b u ild in g co d es. 3.
HEALTHIER EYES:
By d r a w i n g l i g h t i n g o u t l e t s
w h e r e t h e y w i l l do t h e m o s t g o o d . 4.
EASIER INSTALLATION: jo b s a t b e s t,
W irin g and p lu m b in g a r e to u g h
w i t h c l e a r p l a n s t h e j o b i s m ad e
e a sie r. B.
DIRECTIONS: u tility 1.
K ey p o i n t s
to g u id e you i n d ra w in g t h e
p la n s.
How t o
d e s i g n t h e p lu m b in g s y s te m .
a.
D e sig n p i c t o r i a l v ie w s .
b.
D raw t h e p l a n s e x a c t l y a s t h e b u i l d i n g c o d e in d ic a te s.
(M ost b u i l d i n g
codes are v ery
s t r i c t on p lu m b in g m a t t e r s . ) c.
D e s i g n a s m an y s h o r t c u t s a s p o s s i b l e . try
d.
(Do n o t
t o m ake t h e d r a w i n g b e a u t i f u l . )
Draw a l l l i n e d r a w i n g s t h e to i n d ic a te ty p e .)
sam e.
(Do n o t t r y
e. f . 2.
Draw t h e
se p tic
ta n k c o n n e c tio n s i f
S e e F i g u r e 7 f o r s a m p le d r a w in g .
How t o d e s i g n t h e w i r i n g a.
you u se o n e .
D e sig n t h e
sy ste m .
sy ste m u s in g th e l o c a l b u i l d i n g
as a g u id e .
code
(T he c o d e s a r e v e r y s t r i c t on
w irin g s y s te m s .) b.
Draw a l l l i n e
d ra w in g s.
(Do n o t i n d i c a t e t h e
d i f f e r e n t t y p e w i r e s by l i n e s ; c.
D e sig n a p i c t o r i a l d ra w in g f o r a t l e a s t one room .
d.
(S ee F i g u r e 8 . )
D raw t h e l i v i n g r o o m w i t h a t l e a s t t h r e e w a l l o u tle ts.
e.
use n o te s .)
(On t h e
b a s e b o a rd .)
D e s i g n t h e b a t h r o o m o u t l e t s a s f a r aw ay fro m , th e tu b a s p o s s ib le .
f. 3.
D e s ig n m ore t h a n enough o u t l e t s .
How t o d e s i g n t h e h e a t i n g a.
D e sig n th e h e a t in g
sy ste m .
sy ste m u s in g th e b u i l d i n g
code a s a g u id e . b.
Draw a s m any v i e w s a s a r e n e c e s s a r y t o y o u .
c.
D e sig n r e g i s t e r s up sy ste m i s
d. 4.
by l o c a t i o n o n l y .
(T h e h o o k
a p lu m b in g a c t i o n . )
D e s i g n r a d i a n t h e a t i n g a s sho w n i n F i g u r e 9 .
I h e r e t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserv e s h e l f : 28,
2 :7 3 ,
241,
247;
52, 60, 1 2 1-129, 1 4 0-151,
1 1 :1 9 -2 1 ;
251;
15:
2 2 :3 5 5 -3 7 0 ;
F /G Uft£ 7. PLUM&tNG S Y S T E M
F/GURE 6. W/R/A/G P /C TORAL
41
F/GURE S RAD/ANT HBA T/A/G
3 X3 T £ M
42 2 4 :2 5 , 0.
49,
205-2 07 .
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS: of u tility 1.
L a b o r a t o r y w o r k i n " th e d e s i g n i n g ;
p la n s.
D e sig n a c o m p lete
set of u tility
p la n s f o r your
house. 2.
D e sig n a c o m p le te s e t o f p la n s f o r t h e
c la ss
p ro je c t house. D.
EVALUATION: to u t i l i t y 1.
S a m p l e s o f c h e c k - u p s w h i c h m ay b e a p p l i e d p la n n in g .
TRUE-FALSE:
P la c e an X in
th e c o rre c t
space f o r
tru e or fa lse . T a.
F
( )( )
It
i s b e s t t o draw p i c t o r i a l v ie w s o f
t h e p lu m b in g s y s te m . b.
(
)( )
It
i s n e v e r w ise to
draw a p i c t o r i a l
p la n o f t h e w ir in g sy s te m . c.
( ) ( )T h e l o c a l b u i l d i n g c o d e s h o u l d b e t h e r e f e r e e i n any d i s p u te c o n c e rn in g th e p la n n in g o f th e house w ir in g .
d.
(
)( )
It
i s n o t w i s e t o m ake p l u m b i n g p i p e
go a n y o t h e r w a y t h a n up o r s t r a i g h t acro ss. 2.
BEST ANSWER:
P l a c e t h e num ber o f t h e
in th e p a re n th e s e s.
b e s t answ er
43 a.
(
)
When d r a w i n g w i r i n g p l a n s y o u s h o u l d : (1 )
Draw o n l y l i n e d r a w i n g s .
p i c t o r i a l d ra w in g s .
( 3 ) Draw b o t h t y p e s .
( 4 ) .D raw n o p l a n s - u s e n o t e s . b u ild in g 3.
RATING SCALE:
( 2 ) D raw o n l y
(5 ) H ave th e
c o m m i s s i o n d ra w t h e m f o r y o u .
P la c e an X in
e a c h s p a c e f o r w h ic h
you q u a lif y . a.
(
You h a v e c o m p l e t e d a s e t o f w i r i n g d r a w i n g s . Y ou h a v e c o m p l e t e d a s e t o f p l u m b i n g d r a w
b.
in g s.
c.
(
Y ou h a v e u s e d t h e b u i l d i n g c o d e a s a l a s t w ord a u t h o r i t y .
d.
(
Y our p la n s in c lu d e p i c t o r i a l d ra w in g s.
©.
(
You h a v e d r a w n a c o m p l e t e s e t o f h e a t i n g p la n s.
44
PART 2 . An i d e a i s a c tio n i t
ERECTION
o n ly a s go o d a s t h e a c t u a l am ount o f
fo ste rs.
Y our p la n s th e n a re
u n t i l you hav e s t a r t e d
ju st
s o m uch p a p e r
c o n stru c tio n of your h o u se.
In th is
c o n s t r u c t i o n t h e r e a r e m any w ays o f d o in g t h i n g s t h a t c a n sa v e you m oney, tim e and e n e r g y .
T h e s e t h i n g s we t a k e u p
in p a rt 2 o f our co u rse. A t th e c o n stru c te d ,
c o n c lu sio n o f p a r t 2 of ou r c o u rse you w i l l have e ith e r a c tu a lly ,
house, your ho u se.
o r th ro u g h o u r c la s s p r o je c t
45 CHAPTER 7 HOW TO LAY THE FOUNDATION A.
MOTIVATION;
R ew ards t h a t
come f r o m h a v i n g a g o o d
fo u n d a tio n , 1.
SAFETY:
The e n t i r e h o u s e i s no
s a f e r th a n i t s
fo u n d a tio n . 2.
ATTRACTIVE HOME:
W ith a good f o u n d a t i o n ,
crack s a re n o t l i k e l y 3.
MONEY SAVED:
to
u g ly
appear in your w a lls .
C o stly r e p a ir h i l l s
on th e e n t i r e
house a re red u ced o r e lim in a te d . 4.
MENTAL SECURITY:
F ro m t h e k n o w l e d g e t h a t y o u h a v e
a good s a f e h o u se . B.
DIRECTIONS: 1.
How t o a. b.
T h e b e s t w ay t o
la y th e fo u n d a tio n .
c le a r th e la n d .
S a v e a s m any t r e e s a s p o s s i b l e . C o n ta c t l o c a l d e a le r i n
fire w o o d .
o f t e n h a v e y o u r t r e e s re m o v e d f r e e m ak e a l i t t l e c.
d. 2.
(Y ou c a n and even
m o n ey on t h e s i d e . )
C l e a r a r e a o f a l l deadw ood an d s tu m p s . (1)
H ire a b u lld o z e r i f
(2)
D e a d w ood i s
n ecessary .
an e x c e l l e n t t e r m i t e m a g n e t.
B urn a l l l o o s e t w i g s ,
u n d erb ru sh and
How t o l a y o u t t h e b u i l d i n g s .
t a l l g rass.
a.
L o c a te th e c o r n e r s f i r s t .
(If i t
i s n ecessary
' to have your l o t su rv ey ed have th e su rv ey o r lo c a te th e c o rn e rs f o r y o u .) b.
S ta k e in (1)
th e
b a tte r b o ard s.
You c a n u s e t h e s e co rn ers i f
3.
lo c a te
th e b u ild in g
you h a v e t o do i t
(2 )
Be c e r t a i n
(3 )
E x p la in e d i n F ig u re 1 0 .
How t o a.
to
y o u rse lf.
th e y a re l e v e l .
p erfo rm th e n e c e s s a ry e x c a v a tio n .
H ire a pow er sh o v e l i f you a re t o have a b a se m e n t. (1 )
Be o n h a n d w h e n t h e p o w e r s h o v e l i s a t w ork a n d s a v e t h e t o p s o i l .
(2)
See th a t a l l sam e t i m e .
e x c a v a tio n i s
done a t
I f you have to have th e sh o v el
back a second tim e th e c o s t i s b.
S e c u re a good w h e e lb a rro w i f a basem ent i n (1)
Buy o n e i f
th e
d o u b le .
y o u do n o t h a v e
your house. you p o s s ib ly
you can u se i t
can a f f o r d i t ,
th ro u g h o u t th e
as
b u ild in g
p ro cess. (2)
L ay p la n k s on s o f t g ro u n d f o r w h e e lb a rro w tra c k s.
4.
How t o p o u r t h e c o n c r e t e f o o t i n g .
47
L IN E
PLUM B
F / G U R E /O. BATTER BOARD S E T UP
BOB
48 a.
D ig t h e f o o t i n g t r e n c h . (1)
Do t h i s
by h a n d a n d k e e p c o r n e r s s q u a r e .
b.
U se 2 X 4 s f o r i n s i d e t o p g u i d e .
c.
Pour th e c o n c re te a l l (1)
U n le ss i t
is
i n one o p e r a t i o n .
im p o s sib le , have th e c o n c re te
d e l i v e r e d t o y o u by a r e a d y - m ix com pany. (2)
I f y ou m u st m ix i t f e e t lo n g ,
f o u r f e e t w id e and a b o u t s i x
in c h e s h ig h , (3 )
y o u r s e l f u s e a box s i x
and m ix i t
w ith a h o e.
U se t h e f o l l o w i n g m i x t u r e : h a lf g a llo n s o f w a te r to cem en t,
tw o a n d t h r e e
fiv e
and one
one s a c k o f
f o u r t h s c u b ic
feet
o f sand and f o u r c u b ic f e e t o f sm a ll p e b b le s. (a ) A cem ent sa c k h o ld s a p p ro x im a te ly one c u b ic f o o t . (4)
S et a g reased 2 X 4 it
is
s till
in to
th e cem ent w h ile
p ly a b le f o r fo u n d a tio n w a ll
l o c k u n l e s s you p o u r t h e e n t i r e f o o t i n g a n d w a l l a t t h e sam e t i m e . 5.
How t o p o u r t h e f o u n d a t i o n w a l l s . a.
S e c u re fo rm s f ir m ly . (1)
I f you h av e a basem ent u se 2 X 4s o r 2 X 6 s .
(2 )
If
y o u do n o t h a v e a b a s e m e n t u s e 1 X 6 s
will e h e a n b e u s e d l a t e r
as su b -flo o rin g
o r sh e a th in g , b.
B u i l d w in d o w a n d v e n t i l a t i o n
h o le s in to
th e
form s. How t o a.
i n s e r t th e an ch o r b o lts .
P la c e in to tim e t o
b.
ru st i f
you use seco n d hand
( T h e s e b o l t s a r e OK a n d t h e y s a v e a
little How t o
cem ent h a s
set a little .
S crap e o f f a l l b o lts .
a.
th e cem ent o n ly a f t e r th e
m o n e y .)
s e t th e g i r d e r .
S et th e p ie r s in p la c e c a r e f u lly . (1)
T h e y c a n be p u r c h a s e d a l r e a d y m ade w i t h redw ood b lo c k i n s t a l l e d .
(2)
You c a n s a v e a s m a l l a m o u n t o f m o n e y b y b u i l d i n g fo rm s a n d m ak in g th em y o u r s e l f , b u t t h i s , i s n o t recom m ended.
b.
S e t in p la c e th e g i r d e r o n ly a f t e r th e fo u n d a tio n fu lly
is
s e t and d r y .-
(C o n su lt b l u e p r i n t s
carer
f o r b u ild in g code r e q u ir e m e n ts .)
How t o l a y a s l a b f l o o r . a.
B u ild a f o o tin g and fo u n d a tio n w a ll i n m a n n e r a s y o u w o u l d w i t h a w ood f l o o r ,
b.
Lay a s i x in c h l a y e r o f g r a n u l a r f i l l .
th e
sam e
Cover f i l l
w ith one h a l f in c h c o a t in g o f g r o u t ,
(ohe p a r t cem ent to t h r e e
p a rts
sa n d .)
A p p l y mop c o a t o f h o t a s p h a l t . Lay f i f t e e n pound f e l t c o v e r i n g o v e r h o t a sp h a lt.
( A llo w s e v e r a l i n c h e s o v e r l a p p i n g . )
A p p ly se co n d c o a t o f a s p h a l t and f e l t
if
b u ild
in g code r e q u i r e s . A p p ly r i g i d
in su la tio n .
(1)
At l e a s t one in c h t h i c k .
(2 )
B rin g i n s u l a t i o n up th e s i d e
o f th e
fo u n d a tio n w a ll and w e ll o v e r. (3)
E x te n d th e in ch e s in to
in su la tio n
a t l e a s t e ig h te e n
th e f l o o r from t h e w a l l .
P our th e s la b u sin g th e fo llo w in g m ix tu re : p art
c e m e n t t o tw o a n d o n e f o u r t h p a r t s
one
sand to
th re e p a rts g ra v e l. (1)
G rav el n o t to
b e m o re t h a n o n e i n c h i n
d ia m e te r. (2)
Make c e r t a i n m e t a l r e i n f o r c e m e n t i n down b e fo re p o u rin g th e
c e m en t.
u s u a l l y g o v e r n e d by t h e
T he s i z e i s
b u ild in g code.
I n s t a l l m e ta l c li p s b e fo re s la b h a rd e n s i f
you
a r e g o in g to i n s t a l l a w ooden f l o o r . W ire h e a t i n g
c o p p er tu b in g to th e
ste e l re in
fo rc e m e n t b e fo re p o u rin g c o n c re te i f
you are
g o in g to have r a d i a n t h e a t i n g . (1 )
U nder th e s e tio n
c o n d itio n s th e r i g i d
in su la
sh o u ld e x te n d a t l e a s t t h r e e
feet
u n d e r t h e f l o o r i n g fro m t h e w a l l . 9.
W h e re t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e .
a.
R eserv e s h e l f : 243;
6 :5 0 ;
2 4 :3 8 -4 0 , C.
2 :2 2 5 ,
1 5 :3 9 ,
228, 229,
231,
6 3 -7 3 , 101;
240,
2 2 :1 1 3 -1 3 6 ;
49.
ACTIVITY ASSIG3SMENT:
P r o je c t in house fo u n d a tio n
b u ild in g . 1.
L a y t h e f o u n d a t i o n f o r y o u r own h o m e.
2.
H e lp th e o t h e r s t u d e n t s i n y o u r c l a s s l a y t h e fo u n d a tio n f o r th e p r o je c t h o u se.
D.
EVALUATION:
S a m p le s o f c h e c k - u p s t o
c o n n e c tio n w ith y o u r a b i l i t y 1.
TRUE-FALSE: if
th e
sta te m e n t i s
space i f T a.
P la c e an X i n tru e ,
you th in k th e
in
be u s e d i n
th is m a tte r.
th e space under T and an X in th e F
sta te m e n t i s
fa lse .
F
C ) C ) When c l e a r i n g t h e l a n d y o u s h o u l d s a v e a s m an y t r e e s a s p o s s i b l e .
b.
(
) ( ) If it
24 2
i s n e c e s s a ry to h ir e
d o z e r, you sh o u ld ru n i t
a b u ll y o u rse lf.
g
. ( )(
)
You s h o u l d b u r n a l l
th e tw ig s in
th e a re a . d.
( ) ( )
You s h o u l d b e o n h a n d i f
you h i r e
a pow er s h o v e l . e.
(
)( }
When d i g g i n g t h e f o o t i n g
tre n c h i t
i s n o t n e c e s s a r y t o s p e n d m u ch t i m e k e e p in g th e s id e s f.
(
)( )
C o n c re te sh o u ld
s tra ig h t.
be p o u r e d a l l
i n one
o p e ra tio n . g.
(
){ )
A g reased 2 X 4 i s fo o tin g to
BIST ANSWER:
s a tis fa c to ry fo r
a
f o u n d a tio n lo c k fo rm .
P la c e th e num ber o f th e b e s t an sw er
in th e p a re n th e s e s . a.
( )
T he b e s t f o r m
b o ard s f o r b ra c in g a
s to r y house fo u n d a tio n a re (2) 1 I
6s
(3 ) 1 2 8 s
(4 )
(1) 2 I
sin g le
2 X 4s 6s
(5)
2 X 8s. b.
( )
W hen c l e a r i n g H ire
th e la n d you sh o u ld :
som e o n e t o
c h o p down a l l t h e
(1) tre e s.
( 2 ) C hop down a l l t h e t r e e s y o u r s e l f . H ire a b u lld o z e r f o r c le a r in g a l l (4)
(3)
th e t r e e s .
Chop down a s f e w t r e e s a s i s n e c e s s a r y
f o r c o n s tru c tio n of th e h o u se . a ll tre e s re g a rd le ss.
(5 ) Leave
RATING SCALE:
P l a c e an X i n
e a c h s p a c e f o r w h ic h
you q u a l i f y . a.
( )
You h a v e c l e a r e d t h e l o t o f o n l y t h e t r e e s t h a t i n t e r f e r e w ith th e c o n s tr u c tio n o f th e ho u s e .
b.
{ )
You h a v e b u r n e d o f f a l l
e.
{ )
You h a d t h e if
d.
( )
e x cess dead g r a s s ,
su rv ey o r lo c a te
th e
c o rn ers,
one w as a v a i l a b l e .
You d u g t h e f o u n d a t i o n t r e n c h e s w i t h stra ig h t v e rtic a l
e.
( )
f.
( }Y o u r i n s e r t e d
sid e s.
You p o u r e d t h e c o n c r e t e a l l
d ista n c e s.
i n one o p e r a t i o n .
anchor b o lts are th e re q u ire d
54 CHAPTER 8. HOW TO ERECT THE FRAMEWORK A.
MOTIVATION:
B e n e f i t s t h a t m ay r e s u l t
fro m a w e ll
c o n s t r u c t e d f r a m e w o r k .. 1.
EASE OF INSULATING WALLS: w ill f i t
c o rre c tly
R eadym ade in s u la tio n
in sta lle d
stu d d in g .
2.
STURDY HOUSE:
F ram ew ork i s t h e k e y t o s t u r d i n e s s .
3.
REDUCED LABOR IN FUTURE WALL ADDITIONS:
A n o th e r
ro o m i n t h e f u t u r e m e a n s p r e s e n t f r a m e w o r k m u s t be c o r r e c t . B.
DIRECTIONS:
H e lp fu l h i n t s
in e r e c tin g th e
fram ew ork
of your h o u se. 1.
How t o f a s t e n t h e a.
F it th e
sill
to th e fo u n d a tio n .
s i l l w ith c a r e - i t i s th e key to
a good
fram ew ork. b.
Lay a t h i n
c o at o f m o rta r o v er th e to p o f th e
fo u n d a tio n to
2.
em bed t h e s i l l .
c.
Coat th e
s i l l . w i t h w h ite le a d .
d.
A p p ly c r e o s o t e o r a n t i - t e r m i t e
e.
F a s te n b o l t n u t s f i r m l y and l e v e l s i l l .
s h ie ld .
How t o i n s e r t f l o o r j o i s t s . a.
A p p ly h e a d e r an d e n d j o i s t
f lu s h w ith th e o u t
sid e of th e s i l l . (1 )
S p ik e i n t o
p la c e w ith 10 penny n a i l s .
b.
In se rt flo o r jo is ts . (1 )
R est d ire c tly
on t h e g i r d e r i f
(2 )
B u ild up g i r d e r i f
p o ss ib le .
n e c e s s a r y w i t h re d w o o d
b lo c k s. (3 )
T oe n a i l
jo is ts
( a ) M ake c e r t a i n
to g i r d e r o r b lo c k . a ll
(b ) O v e rla p j o i s t s
a re le v e l.
and n a i l to g e th e r .
(4 )
A p p ly b r i d g i n g a s p e r b u i l d i n g c o d e .
(5 )
Buy s p e c i a l s l o t t e d u sin g
3.
jo is ts
How t o l a y t h e
b lo c k s i f
you a re
c o n c re te b ric k s to b u ild w ith . su b -flo o rin g .
a.
A p p ly s u b - f l o o r i n g d i a g o n a l l y .
b.
N a il s u b -flo o rin g a t
each p o in t o f i n te r s e c t i o n
w ith a f lo o r j o i s t . c.
T r im s u b - f l o o r i n g f l u s h w i t h t h e e n d a n d h e a d e r jo is ts .
4.
How t o
i n s t a l l th e
w a ll fra m in g .
a.
N a i l s o l e down l i g h t l y .
b.
P la c e p l a t e on
t o p o f s o l e a n d m ark w i t h a
p e n c il exact lo c a tio n c.
Gut a l l flo o rin g
d.
f o r w a ll stu d d in g .
s tu d d in g a t one tim e .
(U s e t h e s u b
a s a w ork b e n c h )
F i t one s e c t i o n o f w a ll fra m in g a t a tim e . (1 )
N a il th e th e s o le .
s tu d d in g b e tw e e n t h e p l a t e
and
(2)
H o i s t t h e s e c t i o n i n p l a c e and. n a i l
d ire c t
ly to th e s u b -flo o rin g . (3)
U se te m p o r a r y b r a c i n g u n t i l a l l
se c tio n s
a r e up i n p l a c e . (4 ) e.
F ix s o le p e rm a n e n tly .
U s e e x a c t l y t h e sam e m e t h o d f o r a s l a b except su b -flo o rin g i s
f.
flo o r
o m itte d .
A p p ly m o r t a r on t o p o f f o u n d a t i o n i f
you a r e
m ak in g w a l l s o f c o n c r e t e b l o c k s . (1)
Make c e r t a i n
each b r ic k i s
(2)
Be p r e c i s e a n d s e e t h a t a l l
le v e l. b lo c k s a re
flu sh .
5.
(3 )
Buy a n d i n s t a l l p r e c a s t l i n t e l s .
(4)
I n s t a l l p r e c a s t w in d o w s i l l s .
W here t o a.
go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e .
R eserv e s h e l f : 2 5 1 ;4 : 3 0 , 6 :3 5 ;
0.
1 5 :1 2 0 ,
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENT:
303,
234,
304,
1 2 6 -1 4 0 ;
235, 241-2 45,
317,
319,
1 6 :1 1 8 -1 2 0 ;
P r o je c t in b u ild in g
1.
E re c t y o u r h o u se fra m in g .
2.
H e lp t h e s t u d e n t s i n y o u r c l a s s e r e c t fo r
D.
210,
2 :6 $ ,
321,
247458;
2 4 :4 9 -7 4 .
w a ll s e c tio n s .
th e fra m in g
th e c la s s p r o je c t h o u se .
EVALUATION:
S a m p le o f som e e v a l u a t i o n t e c h n i q u e s w h i c h
m ay be a p p l i e d t o
t h e fram ew ork e r e c t i o n
se c tio n .
TRUE-FALSE:
P la c e an X in th e
c o rre c t space f o r
tru e o r f a ls e . T a.
(
F )(
)
T he
sill
s h o u ld be l a i d d i r e c t l y on
to p o f th e fo u n d a tio n . b.
(
)(
)
Y ou
sh o u ld s p ik e th e h e a d e rs i n to
p l a c e w i t h 10 p e n n y n a i l s . c.
(
)(
)
Y ou
sh o u ld p la c e th e f l o o r j o i s t s
d ire c tly d.
( )(
)
on t h e g i r d e r i f
When u s i n g c o n c r e t e b l o c k s i t to c h ip out h o le s f o r th e fit
e.
(
)(
)
p o ss ib le .
The
is best
j o i s t s to
in to . b u i l d i n g co d e s h o u ld be t h e g u id e
f o r b rid g in g . f.
(
)(
)
T he
rough, o r s u b - f lo o r in g ,
s h o u l d be
a p p lie d d ia g o n a lly . BEST ANSWER:
P l a c e t h e num ber o f t h e b e s t a n sw e r
in th e p a re n th e s e s . a.
( )
When i n s t a l l i n g
th e w a ll fra m in g you sh o u ld
( 1 ) F ra m e t h e h o u s e o n e s t u d a t a t i m e . ( 2 ) Fram e t h e h o u s e by b u i l d i n g s e c t i o n s an d p u t t i n g th em u p .
( 3 ) F ra m e t h e h o u s e
by b u i l d i n g t h e e n t i r e w a l l t h e n p u t i n p o sitio n .
(4 ) Fram e t h e h o u s e a c c o r d i n g
t o am ount o f lu m b e r y o u h a v e on h a n d .
b.
( )
When f a s t e n i n g t h e s i l l you s h o u ld :
to
th e
(1 ) Lay a t h i n
fo u n d a tio n
la y e r o f m o rta r
on t o p o f t h e f o u n d a t i o n b e f o r e i n s t a l l i n g s ill.
(2 ) Lay t h e s i l l
d ire c tly
on t h e
fo u n d a tio n th e n a t h in la y e r o f m o rta r over th e s i l l . on th e (4)
( 3 ) L ay t h e
fo u n d a tio n sk ip p in g th e m o rta r.
Lay c r e o s o t e l a y e r on t o p o f t h e
fo u n d a tio n th e n s i l l c.
{ )
s i l l d ire c tly
d ire c tly
on t o p .
To m ak e t h e h o u s e t e r m i t e p r o o f y o u s h o u l d : (1)
Put a tin
s h e e t under th e
sill.
A p p ly c r e o s o t e t o t h e f r a m in g . te rm ite
(2)
(3) P u t
s h i e l d s on t h e f o u n d a t i o n .
(4 )
P u t c re o s o te on in s id e o f th e fo u n d a tio n w a ll. RATING SCALE:
P la c e an X in
e a c h s p a c e f o r w h ic h
you q u a lif y . a.
( )
C o n s tru c te d th e fra m in g on y o u r h o u se .
b.
( }
In s ta lle d a n ti-te rm ite
c.
( )
A p p lie d a t h i n l a y e r o f m o r ta r u n d e r th e s ill
s h ie ld s .
b efo re f a s te n in g to fo u n d a tio n .
d.
( )
N a ile d th e s u b -flo o rin g d ia g o n a lly .
e.
( )
T rim m ed t h e
s u b -flo o rin g flu s h w ith
th e
header jo is ts . f.
( )
In sta lle d
fra m in g one s e c tio n
a t a tim e .
59 CHAPTER 9 HOW TO BUILD THE ROOF A.
MOTIVATION:
A d v a n ta g e s o f b u i l d i n g a good r o o f .
1.
BETTER HEALTH:
A l e a k y r o o f m ay c a u s e c o l d s .
2.
COMFORTABLE LEISURE:
A good ro o f w i l l g iv e m e n ta l
a s w e ll a s p h y s ic a l c o m fo rt. B.
DIRECTIONS: 1.
How t o
K ey p o i n t s i n r o o f b u i l d i n g . fram e th e r o o f .
a.
A p p ly c e i l i n g
b.
Make
s ta rt.
a m a s te r r a f t e r .
(1 )
U s e t o m ake a l l t h e r a f t e r s a t o n c e .
(2 )
C a r p e n t e r s s q u a r e c a n s o l v e t h e m a th e m a tic s
c.
j o i s t s p e r m a n e n t l y fro m t h e
fo r you.
P u t th e r a f t e r s up i n p a i r s . (1)
T h ere w i l l be a s l i g h t g a p a t t h e to p w h ic h i s
f o r th e rid g e to
be i n s t a l l e d
la te r. (2)
U se 2 l 6 d n a i l s f o r f i x i n g r a f t e r rid g e
(3 )
to
b o ard .
U se 5 10d n a i l s t o n a i l r a f t e r t o
c e ilin g
jo is t. (4 ) d.
T o e - n a i l r a f t e r t o p l a t e w i t h 2 lO d n a i l s .
U se t e m p o r a r y b r a c e s a c r o s s r a f t e r s r o o f i n g h a s been a p p l i e d .
u n til
How t o a p p l y r o o f b o a r d s . a.
A p p ly s h e a t h i n g ,
s ta g g e rin g th e
jo in ts
so t h a t
n o t m o r e t h a n tw o come o n o n e r a f t e r . b.
N a i l b o a r d s t o r a f t e r s w i t h 2 8d n a i l s m ak in g c e rta in
c.
b o a rd s a re t i g h t
to g e th e r.
Lay r o o f b o a rd s h o r i z o n t a l l y an d th e n t r i m a l l a t once.
d.
L e a v e a b r e a k b e tw e e n t h e
ro o fin g b o ard s i f
you
u s e w ooden s h i n g l e s . How t o i n s t a l l a s p h a l t s h i n g l e s . a.
b.
Read m a n u f a c tu r e r s i n s t r u c t i o n s
c a re fu lly fo r
th e num ber an d k in d o f n a i l s to
use.
C over ro o f b o a rd s w ith r o o f in g f e l t . (1 )
Leave s i x in c h e s o v e rla p p in g f o r each strip
(2)
of fe lt.
M ake c e r t a i n t h e t o p s t r i p g o e s o v e r t h e rid g e .
(3) c.
T a c k down l i g h t l y
i n a few s p o t s .
Tack a c o u rse o f s h in g le s a lo n g th e e a v e . th e s h in g le s
(L et
e x te n d t h r e e q u a r t e r s o f a n in c h
a t th e g a b le e n d s .} d.
A p p ly t h e s h i n g l e s i n c o u r s e s fro m t h e e a v e s .
e.
Cap t h e r i d g e w i t h w o od s h i n g l e s , o r m e ta l.
r o l l ro o fin g ,
How t o
a t t a c h wood, s h i n g l e s .
a.
Lay a d o u b le c o u rs e o f s h i n g l e s
b.
A rran g e
each sh in g le
a t th e
j o i n t so t h a t i t
eaves. is
covered
w i t h a t l e a s t o n e a n d one., h a l f i n c h e s o f t h e w id th o f th e s h in g le above i t . c.
S pace d ry s h in g le s one q u a r t e r in c h a p a r t .
d.
Space w et o r g re e n s h in g le s one e ig h th in c h a p a rt.
e.
U s e 3& n a i l s
f o r 24 in c h s h i n g l e s ,
16 o r 18 i n c h s h i n g l e s .
4d n a i l s f o r
(U s e 2 n a i l s
f o r each
s h in g le .) How t o
a p p ly a s b e s to s s h i n g l e s .
a.
B u ild n e c e s s a ry s c a f f o l d i n g .
b.
A p p l y 15 p o u n d a s p h a l t r o o f i n g f e l t .
c.
E x te n d s p e c i a l s t a r t e r c o u r s e one in c h beyond th e e av e s.
d.
U se one and one q u a r t e r i n c h g a lv a n iz e d n a i l s . (1)
D r i v e t h r o u g h r e a d y m ad e h o l e s .
(2 )
U se e x tre m e c a r e i n n a i l i n g a s t h e are
sh in g le s
b rittle .
e.
Do n o t w a l k on t h e
f.
S co re w ith a sh a rp in s tru m e n t and b re a k n ecessary to
sh in g le s.
cut sh in g le s.
W h e re t o g o f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e .
when
62 a.
R e serv e s h e l f : 251;
4 :3 6 ,
8 5 , 87,
216^2 2 2 , 3 2 6 ;
56, 99, H I , 222, 223;
2 :6 0 -6 8 ,
116,
247, 248,
6 : 30- 4 0 , 6 2 ;
194 -19 9;
2 0 :4 7 ;
241,
1 8 :7 5 -9 5 ,
2 2 : 1 6 0 , 20 0-2 67 ;
1 5 :5 4 -
126- 130, 2 4 :7 4 -7 9 ,
276- 280. C.
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENT: 1.
A p p ly t h e r o o f i n g t o y o u r h o u s e .
2.
H e l p t h e m e m b e rs o f y o u r c l a s s a p p l y t h e r o o f i n g to
D.
P r o ,j e 01 i n r o o f i n g .
th e c la s s
EVALUATION: m ay be 1.
S a m p le s o f e v a l u a t i o n i n s t r u m e n t s t h a t
used i n
c o n n e c tio n w ith th e r o o f in g s e c t i o n .
TRUE-FALSE: tru e
P la c e an X in th e c o r r e c t sp ace f o r
or fa lse . T
a.
p ro je c t house.
F
( ).{
)
A ll th e r a f t e r s
s h o u l d be c u t a t t h e
sam e t i m e . b.
C) { }
You s h o u l d p u t u p t h e r a f t e r s
c.
() { )
R a f te r s sh o u ld be t o e - n a i l e d
in p a irs . to
th e
p la te . d.
() ( )
R oof b o a rd s s h o u ld be a p p li e d d i a g o n a l l y .
e.
() { )
F o r wooden s h i n g l e s t h e be a p p l i e d s o l i d
f.
{) { )
A ll
sh e a th in g
one r a f t e r .
s h e a th in g sh o u ld
and t i g h t .
jo in ts
s h o u ld be p u t on
g.
( ) C
)
A s p h a lt s h i n g l e s s h o u ld be a p p li e d d ire c tly
h.
C) (
)
to th e
sh e a th in g .
A ll sh in g le s
s h o u l d be a p p l i e d
rid g e to
eaves.
th e
from t h e
i.
( ) (
)
Wood r i d g e
caps are n ev er s a tis f a c to r y ,
j.
C) (
)
Y ou s h o u l d p l a c e w e t s h i n g l e s o n e i n c h a p a r t to a llo w
BEST ANSWER:
f o r e x p a n sio n .
P l a c e t h e num ber o f t h e b e s t a n sw er
in th e p a re n th e s e s . a.
(
)
When a p p l y i n g t h e c e i l i n g
j o i s t s you sh o u ld :
(1)
A p p l y th e m o n e a t a t i m e .
th e
jo is ts
in p a irs .
(2 ) A p p ly
( 3 ) A p p l y th e m t o o n e
sid e of th e ro o f a t a tim e .
(A) A p p l y
th em a t ran d o m . RATING SCALE:
P la c e an X in
each s p a c e f o r w h ic h you
q u a lify . a.
c
b.
( }
You a p p l i e d t h e r a f t e r s
.
{ )
You d i d n o t w a l k on t h e s h i n g l e s .
d.
f )
You p u t 1$ p o u n d f e l t u n d e r a s p h a l t o r
c
)
You h a v e c o m p l e t e d t h e r o o f o n y o u r h o u s e .
a sb e sto s sh in g le s i f e.
c
)
.
( )
y ou u se th em .
You l e f t a s p a c e b e t w e e n t h e if
f
in p a irs .
ro o f b o ard s
y o u i n s t a l l e d w o od s h i n g l e s .
You t o e - n a i l e d
th e r a f t e r s to th e p l a t e .
64 g.
( )
Y ou a p p l i e d t i i e s h i n g l e s f r o m t h e e a v e s u p .
h.
(
Y ou u s e d a m a s t e r r a f t e r t o
)
ra fte rs.
cut your
CHAPTER 1 0 HOW TO PLUMB YOUR HOUSE A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
V a lu e s o f c o r r e c t l y
MORE CQNYEHIENCES:
In sta lle d
p lu m b in g .
Im p ro p e r p lu m b in g m eans
ro u g h in g -it. 2.
LOWER UTILITY B IL L S :
Good p l u m b i n g m e a n s no l e a k y
g as o r w a te r p ip e s . B.
DIRECTIONS: 1.
How t o a.
T e c h n i q u e s f o r home p l u m b e r s . buy t h e c o r r e c t ty p e
C o n su lt th e l o c a l w a te r tio n
o f p ip e . d e p a rtm e n t f o r in fo rm a
re g a rd in g m a te r ia l of p ip e to u se in
your a re a .
(T h is w i l l d ep en d upon th e s o i l
c o n d itio n .) 2.
How t o a.
c u t p ip e and tu b in g .
P u rc h a s e a p ip e - v ic e and c u t t e r and d ie
b.
and a s to c k
fo r th re a d in g .
Cut g a lv a n iz e d p ip e p r o p e r ly and i t
c a u s e s no
tro u b le . c.
Cut and t h r e a d
b ra ss p ip e w ith c a re
a s you
w o u ld g a l v a n i z e d p i p e . d.
B u i l d a s i m p l e w ood j i g
a n d u s e a h a c k saw i f
you a r e u s in g c o p p e r tu b in g . e.
Cut c a s t ir o n
s o i l p ip e w ith a c o ld
a lo n g a sc o re d l i n e .
c h is e l
66 (1)
Make j o i n t s
u s i n g oakum p a c k i n g , p a c k e d
w ith a c a u lk in g i r o n . (2 ) 3.
Pour h o t le a d in n e x t and pack.
How t o m ake s o l d e r j o i n t s . a.
C lea n th e
jo in in g p a rts
c o m p le te ly .
b.
U s e a f l u x on b o t h t h e f i t t i n g
e.
H eat th e
and th e
jo in t w ith a to rc h u n t i l th e
tu b in g , flu x
b o ils . d. 4.
A p p ly s o l d e r t o t h e
How t o m ak e f l a r e
jo in t.
jo in ts.
a.
U se e x t r e m e c a r e n o t t o s p l i t f l a n g e .
b.
Buy o r b o r r o w a f l a r i n g
t o o l an d a m onkey
w r e n c h , a n d u s e t h e m t o m ak e t h e j o i n t s . 5.
How t o i n s t a l l a.
Buy a l a r g e
th e w a te r ta n k . enough w a te r ta n k to h a n d le a l l
y o u r know n n e e d s a n d a l i t t l e b.
m o re.
Hook up t h e t a n k to t h e o u t l e t f o l l o w i n g m a n u fa c tu re rs d ir e c tio n s i f
you i n s t a l l i t
y o u rse lf. e.
A sk t h e its
c o m p a n y f r o m whom y o u b u y t h e t a n k , i f
new , t o hook i t
ch arg e f o r t h i s 6.
up f o r y o u .
( T h e r e i s no
s e r v i c e .)
How t o m ake t h e s e w e r . a.
E x te n d th e
c a s t iro n
s o i l p ip e a t l e a s t f i v e
f e e t beyond th e h o u se.
b.
F rom f i v e is
th e ta n k a c h e a p e r c la y p ip e
a lrig h t.
c.
I n s t a l l a copper w asher in
d.
T he c i t y you a re
7.
fe e t to
How t o a.
c o u n ty w i l l ho o k up f o r y ou i f
c o n n e c tin g to
a m ain d i s p o s a l l i n e .
b u ild th e n e c e ssa ry w e lls .
L in e y o u r w e ll w ith r o c k s o r c o n c r e te b lo c k s if
b.
or
each j o i n t .
you d ig th e w e ll.
H i r e t h e w ork d o n e i f
you d r iv e
a w e ll a s i t
r e q u i r e s s p e c i a l e q u ip m e n t. 8.
Where t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserv e s h e l f : 151, 152, 508;
C.
163, 391;
241;
4 :1 2 1 , 148 ,
1 6 :1 9 2 -1 9 9 ;
2 2 :4 1 5 , 428,
2 4 :2 2 -2 5 .
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENT: 1.
2 :6 5 , 72,
P r o je c t i n plum bing.
D ig t h e n e c e s s a r y w e l l s an d i n s t a l l t h e p lu m b in g in your h o u se.
2.
H e lp t h e s t u d e n t s i n y o u r c l a s s w e lls and i n s t a l l
d ig th e n e c e s s a ry
t h e p lu m b in g i n th e
c la s s p ro je c t
house.
D.
EVALUATION:
L a b o ra to ry perfo rm an ces t h a t may be used
f o r t h i s , th e plum bing s e c t i o n . 1.
TRUE-FALSE:
S a m p le s o f w ays i n w h ic h y o u r m a s te r y
o f g o o d p l u m b i n g m ay be c h e c k e d .
68 T a.
F
( ) ( )
P lu m b in g p i p e
c an be c u t s u c c e s s f u l l y
w ith a h a c k saw . b.
( ) ( )
B rass p ip e
c a n n o t be th r e a d e d e x c e p t
by t h e f a c t o r y . c.
( ) ( )
C ast iro n
s o i l p ip e sh o u ld be c u t w ith
a h a ck saw . d.
(
) ( )
Y ou s h o u l d o akum p a c k i n g f o r c o p p e r tu b in g o n ly .
e.
£ ) ( )
T he s o l d e r i n g i r o n h a s no p l a c e i n y o u r p lu m b in g p l a n s .
f.
( ) ( )
It is is
2.
BEST ANSWER: in th e a.
(
to o
b e tte r to b ig
buy a w a te r ta n k t h a t
th a n to o
sm a ll.
P la c e th e num ber o f th e b e s t answ er
p a re n th e se s. )
When c u t t i n g use:
c a st iro n
(1) A h a c k saw .
(3) A sto c k and d i e .
s o i l p ip e you s h o u ld (2 ) A c o ld c h i s e l . ( 4 ) A b lo w t o r c h .
(5 ) A k n i f e . b.
( )
To f i n d o u t w h a t k i n d o f s o i l p i p e t o u s e f o r y o u r sew er you sh o u ld : th e
b u i l d i n g c o m m issio n .
lo c a l b u ild in g
(2)
c o n tra c to rs.
th e l o c a l w a te r d e p a rtm e n t. t h e p ip e com pany. a rc h ite c t.
(1)
C o n su lt
C o n su lt th e (3 ) C o n su lt (4 ) C o n s u lt
(5) C o n su lt th e n e a r e s t
RATING SCALE:
P la c e X i n each sp a ce f o r w hich you
q u a lify . a.
()
In sta lle d a ll
plum bing i n y o u r h o u s e .
b.
(}
A p p l i e d oakum, p a c k i n g t o t h e s o i l p i p e .
c.
(
P o u r e d h o t l e a d o v e r oaku m p a c k i n g .
d.
(
C leaned a l l
e.
(
A pplied flu x to
jo in ts
before fix in g .
both p a r t s o f a s o ld e r
jo in t. " f.
( )
E x ten d ed s o i l p ip e a t l e a s t f i v e beyond th e h o u s e .
feet
70 CHAPTER 11 HOW TO APPLY THE EXTERIOR SIDING A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
G ains t h a t a c c ru e from g o o d .s id in g .
ESTEEM OF FRIENDS AND NEIGHBORS:
You a r e j u d g e d
by t h e l o o k s o f y o u r r e s i d e n c e . 2.
LONG RANGE ECONOMY:
Good s i d i n g
co rrectly in sta lle d
o r a p p lie d w i l l n o t need r e p la c in g . B.
DIRECTIONS: o f th e 1.
P ractical
su g g estio n s fo r th e
ap p licatio n
s i d i n g on y o u r h o u s e .
How t o a p p l y s h e a t h i n g . a.
A pply 1 X 6 ,
1 X8 ,
wood s h e a t h i n g .
o r 1 X 10 i f
( L e ft o v e r boards from t h e
fo u n d a tio n fram ing i s
sa tisfa c to ry .)
b.
P u t s h e a t h i n g on d i a g o n a l l y o n l y .
c.
N ail a t
each i n te r s e c t i o n w ith a s tu d .
2 8d n a i l s d.
you a re u sin g
at
(Use
each p o i n t . )
F o llo w p r i n t e d i n s t r u c t i o n s from t h e m a n u fa c t urer i f
you use an i n s u l a t i o n
sheath in g .
(Not
recommended a s you n e e d a d d i t i o n a l i n s u l a t i o n i n alm ost every c a s e .) 2.
How t o i n s t a l l i n s u l a t i o n . a.
P lace r o l l ,
o r b lan k et in s u la tio n
betw een th e
stu d d in g and f a s t e n w ith a s p e c ia l s ta p lin g
m ach in e.
(Som etim es f u r n i s h e d w i t h t h e
in su la tio n .) Use t h e n a i l i n g
f l a n g e on b a t i n s u l a t i o n and
n a il to th e stu d d in g . Pour th e lo o s e f i l l o r g r a n u la r type i n s u l a t i o n betw een t h e s t u d d i n g .
(T his ty p e r e q u i r e s a
vapor b a rr ie r paper ag ain st th e w a lls . ) H ail in su la tio n
board d i r e c t l y
to stu d d in g .
(N ot recommended e i t h e r f o r a s h e a t h i n g o r a n in su la tio n .) Pour a lo o se f i l l
d ir e c tly in to th e h o les i f
you u se a c o n c r e te b r i c k . b o a rd on t h e i n s i d e i s
also
clim ate in your a re a i s t o a p p l y wood o u t s i d e In sta ll
(An i n s u l a t i o n a d v isab le i f
cold i n
th e
the w in te r.)
covering.
fro m b o t t o m up r e g a r d l e s s o f t h e t y p e
o f wooden s i d i n g .
(The t y p e you u s e i s n o t h i n g
m ore t h a n a m a t t e r o f t a s t e . ) F inish (1)
c o rn e rs i n any o f s e v e r a l ways.
C orner b o a rd s.
( R e com m e n ded b e c a u s e t h e
s i d i n g may v a r y a l i t t l e (2)
M etal c a p s,
a t th e en d s.)
o r corner p la te s .
(In d iv id u a l
caps one r e q u i r e d f o r each c o n n e c t i o n .) (3)
M itered
jo in t.
work r e q u i r e d .)
(Not recom m ended,
p recisio n
72 e.
A pply s i d i n g
e v e n w i t h t h e t o p o f t h e w in d o w
fram in g . 4.
How t o
ap p ly stu c c o w all s id in g .
a.
A pply b u i ld i n g p a p e r o v e r s h e a t h i n g .
b.
I n s t a l l m e ta l rein fo rce m en t la th e w ith f u r r in g n a ils.
c.
A pply f i r s t
c o a t 5 /8 in c h e s t h i c k o f one p a r t
P o r tla n d - c e m e n t to f o u r p a r t s f i n e
san d and
add t e n p e r c e n t h y d ra te d lim e . d.
P u t o n s e c o n d c o a t two d a y s l a t e r 1 / 2 i n c h t h i c k u s i n g t h e same m i x t u r e a s t h e
e.
A pply th e f i n i s h
first
co at.
c o a t one week l a t e r and use
a m ix t u r e o f one p a r t
c em en t t o two a n d o n e
h a l f p a r t s v e ry f i n e sand and t e n p e rc e n t h y d ra te d lim e. f .
P u t s t u c c o on m asonry w a l l s i n t h e a s wood.
sa m e m a n n e r
(You n e e d n o b u i l d i n g p a p e r o r m e t a l
rein fo rce m en t.) 5.
W here t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserve s h e l f : 16:125,
C.
2:119-121;
197-199;
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENT:
24:70, 71,
4:211-, 86,
A pply t h e o u t s i d e
6:42;
110.
P ro .ject in th e a p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e
ou tsid e s id in g . 1.
325;
sid in g to your house.
73 2.
H e lp p u t on t h e
s id in g of t h e p r o j e c t house a t
y o u r school* D.
EVALUATION:
S a m p l e s o f e v a l u a t i o n t e c h n i q u e s t h a t may
be u s e d . 1.
TRUE-FALSE:
P la ce an X in th e
correct
space f o r
tru e or fa lse . T a.
(
F ) ( ) W a ll s h e a t h i n g s h o u l d be p u t on h o rizo n tally .
b.
(
) ( ) S h e a t h i n g s h o u l d be n a i l e d a t e a c h in te r s e c t i o n w ith a stu d .
c.
( ) ( ) You s h o u l d n e v e r u s e 1 X 6 s f o r s h e a t h in g .
d.
(
) C ) 2 X 4s a re s a t i s f a c t o r y
fo r sh eath in g .
e.
(
) ( ) L e f t o v e r b o a rd s from t h e b r a c i n g o f th e f o u n d a tio n can s a t i s f a c t o r i l y
be
used as sh e a th in g . f.
( } ( ) B at i n s u l a t i o n s h o u l d be n a i l e d d i r e c t l y to th e stu d d in g .
g.
(
} ( ) Loose f i l l
or g ran u lar in su la tio n i s
n e v e r u sed s a t i s f a c t o r i l y w i t h cement blocks. h.
( ) ( ) You s h o u l d i n s t a l l
s i d i n g from t h e t o p
o f t h e house dow nw ard..
BIST ANSWER:
P l a c e t h e number o f th e b e s t answ er
in the p aren th eses. a.
( )
When y o u a r e a p p l y i n g woo d s i d i n g t o y o u r h o u s e you s h o u ld : t o p down.
(1)
I n s t a l l from th e
(2) I n s t a l l from t h e l e f t
to th e r i g h t .
(3)
sid e to th e l e f t . b ottom up.
(5)
sid e
I n s t a l l from th e r i g h t (4)
I n s t a l l from th e
I n s t a l l in a d iagonal
m anner. RATING SCALE:
P l a c e an X i n each o f t h e 's p a c e s f o r
w hich you q u a l i f y . a.
( )
You a p p l i e d t h e s t u c c o in th ree
b.
( )
p a r t of your house
co ats,
You a p p l i e d t h e woo d s i d i n g , i f
any,
from
th e bottom up. c.
( )
You u s e d o n e i n c h s h e a t h i n g b o a r d s .
d.
( }
You a p p l i e d t h e s h i n g l e s e v e n w i t h t h e t o p o f y o u r w indow s.
e.
( )
Y ou h a v e c o m p l e t e l y f i n i s h e d t h e e x t e r i o r sid in g of your house.
75 CHAPTER 12 HOW TO BUILD THE FIREPLACE A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
b e h a d f r o m a good, f i r e p l a c e .
DECREASED LIKELIHOOD OF DISASTER: firep lace
2.
A dvantages to
i s no f i r e
MORE ROMANCE:
A w ell
co n stru cted
hazard.
Ah! a r o a r i n g
f i r e i n th e dead o f
w in ter. 3.
B.
MORE DIGNITY:
A d e c o r a te d m a n te l le n d s an a i r o f
d ig n ity to th e
e n tire house.
DIRECTIONS:
M ethods f o r c o n s t r u c t i o n o f a good
firep lace. 1.
How t o l a y o u t t h e b a s e . a.
L ay a f o o t i n g f o r t h e f i r e p l a c e i n d e p e n d e n t o f th e house f o u n d a tio n ,
b.
2.
3.
Make t h r e e
w a lls e ig h t inches
fro n t w all
fo u r inches th ic k .
e.
M ortar th e
d.
Buy s p e c i a l f i r e p l a c e b r i c k s .
How t o i n s t a l l
t h i c k and the
jo in ts w ith g re a t c a re ,
th e ash p i t
door.
a.
P u rch ase a door co m p lete ly assem bled.
b.
M o rta r fram e i n t o
How t o a.
p o sitio n secu rely .
b u i l d t h e chim ney w a l l .
M ortar c o n c re te tio n w a lls,
if
b l o c k s t h e same a s f o r f o u n d a you use b lo c k s .
b.
Mix a o n e p a r t p o r t l a n d c e m e n t t o t h r e e p a r t s fin e
sand m o rta r f o r
them . c.
red b r i c k s ,
if
you use
(Add t e n p e r c e n t h y d r a t e d l i m e . )
W et b r i c k s o r b l o c k s b e f o r e p u t i n g t h e m i n t o p o sitio n .
4.
d.
Use a t h r e e
e.
Use t h e
How t o l i n e
e ig h ts in ch m o rtar j o in t .
stru c k m o rtar j o i n t . the f lu e .
a.
L ine t h e f l u e w ith a f i r e - c l a y l i n i n g .
b.
B u ild a c c o rd in g to
t h e b u i l d i n g code o f
your
area. c.
A pply a r e c t a n g u l a r r a t h e r th a n a c i r c u l a r lin in g .
5.
How t o
cap th e
chim ney.
a.
B u ild th e n e c e s s a ry s c a f f o l d i n g s o l i d .
b.
A pply cap and b a se f l a s h i n g
carefu lly .
(Use
a fo u r inch o v e rla p .) c.
S ecure a w a ter t i g h t
cap.
(Use a w a t e r p r o o f
c o n c re te .) 6.
How t o
b u ild th e h e a rth .
a.
Pour h e a rth le v e l w ith th e f lo o r .
b.
B u ild acco rd in g to th e lo c a l b u ild in g code.
c.
In sta ll
th e dam per.
in stru ctio n d.
(Follow th e m a n u fa c tu re rs
to th e l e t t e r . )
See F ig u re 11.
H / G U R E //. HEARTH. CONS T R U C T / O N
78 7.
W here t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
C.
R eserve s h e l f : 17,
26,
51,
29,
138-142,
4*.142, 1 4 3 ,
52;
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
16:11-20,
317-320, 442; 88;
22:394;
6: 24:28,
260-263. P ro je c t in th e b u ild in g of a
firep lace. 1.
B u ild th e f i r e p l a c e i n y o u r h o u se .
2.
H elp th e o t h e r s tu d e n ts b u ild th e
fire p la c e in th e
p ro jec t house. D.
EVALUATION: 1.
S am ples of e v a l u a t i n g t e c h n i q u e s .
TRUE-EALSE:
P l a c e an X i n t h e c o r r e c t s p a c e
for
tru e or fa ls e . T a.
C ) C
F ) You s h o u l d n o t u s e o r d i n a r y b u i l d i n g b rick s fo r your fire p la c e .
b.
{ ) (
) You s h o u l d u s e a m i x t u r e o f sa n d t o one p a r t
six p a rts
cem ent f o r chim ney
b rick m o rta r. c.
( )(
) You
should l i n e
th e flu e w ith
rectan g u lar lin in g . d.
( )(
) You
s h o u ld n o t c a p t h e chim ney.
e.
( )(
) You
s h o u l d make t h e h e a r t h l e v e l
w ith th e flo o r. f.
( )(
) You
sh o u ld f o llo w th e b u ild in g code w ith
extrem e c a r e
in the m a tte r.
BEST ANSWER:
P l a c e t h e number o f t h e b e s t a n sw e r
in th e p a re n th e se s, a.
( }
When l a y i n g t h e (1)
Lay a s e p a r a t e
and f i r e p l a c e . (3)
firep lace
base you sh o u ld :
f o o tin g f o r th e house
(2 ) Lay t h e f o o t i n g s a s o n e .
XJse t h e sa m e f o o t i n g .
(4) B u ild no f i r e
place fo o tin g . b.
( )
When y o u b u i l d t h e h e a r t h y o u s h o u l d :
(1)
Make t h e h e a r t h l e v e l w i t h t h e f i n i s h e d flo o r.
( 2 ) Make t h e h e a r t h h i g h e r b y o n e
inch than the f in is h e d f l o o r . th e h e a rth th e flo o rin g .
same l e v e l a s t h e r o u g h
( 4 ) Make t h e h e a r t h l o w e r t h a n
th e rough f l o o r i n g .
( $ ) Make t h e h e a r t h
any l e v e l th a t p le a s e s th e RATING SGAEE:
( 3 ) Make
eye.
P la c e an X i n each o f th e sp aces f o r
w hich you q u a l i f y . a.
C)
You h a v e c o m p l e t e d y o u r f i r e p l a c e .
b.
()
You h a v e m ade t h e w a l l s e i g h t i n c h e s
th ick
except th e f r o n t w a ll. c.
( )
Y ou w e t t h e b r i c k s b e f o r e p u t t i n g i n t o p o sitio n .
d.
( )
You l i n e d t h e f l u e w i t h r e c t a n g u l a r l i n i n g .
e.
()
Yo u u s e d t h r e e
f .
()
You m a d e t h e h e a r t h l e v e l w i t h t h e f i n i s h e d flo o r.
e ig h ts m o rta r j o in t s .
80 CHAPTER 13 HOW TO INSTALL WINDOWS AND DOORS A.
MOTIVATION:
G o a l s w h i c h may b e a c h i e v e d b y t h e p r o p e r
in stallatio n
o f windows an d d o o r s .
1.
LESS NOISE:
C o r r e c t l y i n s t a l l e d windows and d o o r s
do n o t r a t t l e . 2.
GREATER COMPORT: do n o t l e t
3.
in
P r o p e r l y s e a l e d w indow s and d o o r s
th e w eather and m o is tu re .
REDUCTION IN PESTS: e tc .
The num ber o f f l i e s ,
i n your house i s
m osquitos
r e d u c e d o r e l i m i n a t e d when
t h e windows and d o o r s a r e p r o p e r l y i n s t a l l e d . •B.
DIRECTIONS:
Key p o i n t s i n
the i n s t a l l a t i o n
of the
w indow s a n d d o o r s . 1.
How t o a s s e m b l e w i n d o w f r a m e s . a.
F i t them t o g e t h e r , i f
you use th e
'k n o c k -d o w n *
type. (1)
A ll th e p a rts are
c u t and you sim p ly p u t
them t o g e t h e r . (2) b.
T h e s e c a n be p u r c h a s e d a t
B u ild th e fram es y o u rs e lf i f (T his i s
th e lu m b er y a rd .
p e n n ie s co u n t.
d e f i n i t e l y n o t recommended, due t o
the
s k ill in v o lv e d .) c.
Buy t h e f r a m e s a l r e a d y m ade f r o m t h e l u m b e r yard i f
you l i k e .
(T h is i s
t h e e a s y way o u t ,
but i t How t o a.
co sts
se a l the
a little
more m o n e y .)
jo in ts a g a in st th e w eath er,
Coat t h e p a r t s w i t h w h ite l e a d ,
How t o
before
fittin g .
f i x window f r a m e s i n o p e n i n g .
a.
P a in t th e fram es w ith w h ite
b.
L eave no a i r
lead .
s p a c e betw een s t u d d i n g and the
fram e. c.
Check plu m n ess c a r e f u l l y .
d.
A pply an e i g h t o r t e n i n c h w id e s t r i p i n g p a p e r betw een th e fram e and t h e and l e t i t
e.
lap over th e sh e a th in g .
How t o
av o id jam in g .)
i n s t a l l t h e window s a s h .
Buy s a s h e s w i t h t h e g l a s s a l r e a d y i n s t a l l e d if
you l i k e ,
and sim p ly p u t them i n p l a c e .
(T h e s e c a n be p u r c h a s e d a t b.
(Be
sin k th e n a i l heads b en eath th e su rfa c e
o f t h e wood t o
a.
stu d d in g
N a i l t h e f r a m e i n p l a c e w i t h 8d n a i l s . sure to
of b u ild
y o u r lum ber y a r d . )
Buy t h e p a r t s a n d p u t t h e g l a s s i n y o u r s e l f , if (1)
p en n ies
co u n t.
Buy t h e g l a s s o n e s i x t e e n t h o f sm a lle r th an th e
an in c h
o p en in g w here i t i s
be p l a c e d . (2)
Buy A o r B g r a d e
g lass.
(3)
P a in t the e n t i r e sa sh b efo re i n s t a l l i n g
to
the g la s s . (4)
(5)
A pply a t h i n
c o a t o f p u tty and s e t t h e
g la ss g en tly
in to p lace.
In sta ll
g la z ie r p o in ts.
(Use f i v e
on each
sid e .) (6)
A pply a t r i a n g u l a r s t r i p o f p u t t y
a ll
around th e edge. (7)
A llow th e
p u t ty to
d r y f o r tw o d a y s b e f o r e
p a in tin g . How t o i n s t a l l
th e door s i l l .
a.
sill
E x ten d th e
above th e f lo o r in g ,
hardw ood f o r y o u r f l o o r s , th ick n ess b.
you use
d is ta n c e o f the
o f th e hardw ood.
Make t h e s i l l flo o r i f
th e
if
f l u s h w ith the s u r f a c e o f th e
y o u u s e some m a t e r i a l s u c h a s
lin o leu m . How t o a.
i n s t a l l th e door fram es.
I n s t a l l in th e
sa m e m a n n e r t h a t y o u i n s t a l l e d
t h e w indow a s f a r a s p r e c a u t i o n i s b.
Pack in i n s u l a t i o n
concerned.
betw een t h e fram e and th e
stu d d in g . c.
Hang d o o r s l a s t . damaged i f
(They w i l l v e r y l i k e l y
hung a t t h i s p o i n t . )
Where t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e .
be
a.
R eserve 184,
2:28,
212-241;
30-40, 117; C.
sh elf:
46,
40,
6 3 , 6 7 , 143-160, 177,
4:24 7 -2 5 4 ,
63, 75;
20:40-42;
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
394, 440;
15:45-87,
22:232-382;
6 :17,
20,
101-170;
16:113-
24:83-87,
244-246.
Some l e a r n i n g e x p e r i e n c e s i n
th e
i n s t a l l a t i o n o f d o o rs and w in d o w s. 1.
In sta ll
2.
H elp t h e
t h e d o o r s an d windows i n y o u r h o u s e . s tu d e n ts i n y o u r c l a s s w ith th e d oor and
w i n d o w w o r k on t h e c l a s s p r o j e c t h o u s e . D.
EVALUATION:
S a m p l e s o f e v a l u a t i o n i n s t r u m e n t s t h a t may
be u s e d t o c h e c k y o u r a b i l i t y
to
p ro p erly i n s t a l l
doors
and w indow s. 1.
TRUE-FALSE: tru e
th e c o rr e c t space fo r
or fa lse . T
a.
P l a c e an I i n
( )
F ( ) You
s h o u l d b u i l d t h e window f r a m e s
y o u r s e l f from t h e g ro u n d up . b.
( )
(
) You
should coat
t h e window p a r t s w i t h
w h ite le a d befo re i n s t a l l i n g . c.
( }
(
) You
s h o u l d buy t h e window s a s h e s a l r e a d y
made. d.
( )
(
) It
i s w ise
fo r you to put th e g la s s
t h e windows y o u r s e l f .
in
e.
()
When b u y i n g g l a s s y o u s h o u l d b u y i t
the
e x a c t s iz e a s th e opening f o r i t . f.
()
A o r B grade g la s s
is not satisfac to ry
f o r o r d in a r y use in th e house.
BEST ANSWER:
P la c e th e number of th e b e s t answ er
in th e p a r e n th e s e s . a.
()
When i n s t a l l i n g (1)
In sta ll
flo o rin g .
th e door s i l l
th e s i l l
f l u s h w ith the
(2) E x te n d th e
fin ish ed flo o rin g .
b.
(}
sill
above th e
(4) E x ten d th e
below t h e f i n i s h e d f l o o r i n g .
When b u y i n g w i n d o w s y o u s h o u l d : t h e window i n t a c t . sep arate (3)
fin ish ed
(3) E x ten d th e s i l l
below t h e r o u g h f l o o r i n g . sill
you should:
( 2 ) Buy t h e p a r t s
and a sse m b le th e
Buy t h e
( 1 ) Buy
e n tire
stru ctu re.
f r a m e s a l r e a d y made a n d i n s t a l l
th e g la s s y o u rs e lf.
( 4 ) Buy o n e w i n d o w
com plete u se a s p a t t e r n
and b u ild t h e r e s t
y o u rself.
RATING SCALE:
P la c e an X i n each o f th e sp a c e s f o r
w hich you q u a l if y . a.
()
You h a v e i n s t a l l e d a l l y o u r w i n d o w s .
b.
C)
C oated e ac h s a s h w ith w h ite l e a d b e fo re in stallin g .
c.
()
In s ta lle d g la z ie r p o in ts in a l l
sid es of
w indow s. Set th e s i l l Packed in S tored th e
above th e
in su latio n
flo o r.
under the
d oor fram e
doors in a s a fe p la c e ,
h a v e t h e m on h a n d .
if
you
86 CHAPTER 1 4 HOW TO INSTALL THE WIRING A.
MOTIVATION:
Rew ards t h a t
come f r o m h a v i n g t h e w i r i n g
c o rrectly in s ta lle d . 1.
REDUCED LIKELIHOOD OF A F I R E :
F a u lty w irin g i s th e
c a u s e o f m an y h o u s e s b u r n i n g t o 2.
BETTER V I S I O N :
As
when and w here y o u 3.
LESS INTERRUPTIONS: or c irc u it
B.
DIRECTIONS:
th e ground.
a re s u lt of p len ty of
lig h t
need i t . Fewer t r i p s t o
th e fuse
box
breaker.
Key p o i n t s r e g a r d i n g t h e w i r i n g o f y o u r
house. 1.
How t o a.
i n s t a l l the r ig id
Cut t h e t u b i n g
co n d u it.
to th e
is purchased in
size d esired .
(1)
It
(2)
T u b in g can be c u t w i t h h a c k s a w .
b.
Remove b u r r s .
c.
Thread t u b in g . (1)
10 f t .
len g th s.
(Use a n o r d i n a r y m e t a l f i l e . )
You w i l l n e e d s p e c i a l c u t t i n g d i e s a v a i l a b le a t th e hardw are s t o r e .
(2)
Do n o t t r y
to th r e a d th e
tu b in g w ith the
d i e s you u se d f o r p lu m b in g .
(T h ese plum b
in g d ie s are ta p e r e d .) d.
Bend t u b i n g w h e re n e c e s s a r y .
(Buy o r b o r r o w
an in e x p e n s iv e e.
In sta ll
the tu b e .
every fiv e f .
co n d u it bender f o r t h i s
p u rp o se.)
(F or su p p o rt use p ip e s t r a p s
fe e t.)'
R un t h e w i Y e s t h r o u g h t h e t u b i n g . need an in e x p e n s iv e f i s h
( Y ou w i l l
tape f o r
th is
opera
(T h is i s
cheaper
tio n . ) How t o a p p l y a r m o r e d c a b l e .
th an th e r i g i d ty p e e x p la in e d above, sa tisfy
a ll
b u ild in g
but w ill not
codes w hereas th e r i g i d
tu b in g
w i l l .) a.
Cut f i v e
e ig h th s h o les in
j o i s t s w here n e c e s s a r y ele ctric (1)
t h e s t u d d i n g and
fo r the p a th o f th e
c irc u it.
D r i l l the h o le s in
th e approxim ate c e n te r
of th e board. (2) b.
D r ill th e h o le s a t a s lig h t an g le.
Cut c a b le where n e c e s s a r y w i t h a h a c k sa w . (1)
Make t h e
cut
(2)
Make c e r t a i n
a t a s lig h t an g le. y o u do n o t damage t h e w i r e s .
c.
Ru n t h e c a b l e t h r o u g h t h e h o l e s .
d.
S ta p le the
cable every
to
th e j o i s t o r stu d d in g .
(1)
S tap le
f o u r f e e t minim um.
(2)
S t a p l e n o t m ore th a n one f o o t from e ach o u tle t.
(3)
There i s
a s p e c i a l s t a p l e m achine a v a i l a b l e
fo r th is o p eratio n e.
P lace a n ti- s h o r t
f.
In sta ll box.
if
you w i s h t o u s e i t .
b u s h i n g on t h e e n d s .
co n n ectio n s
(These a r e
and f a s t e n t o
the o u tle t
s p e c ia l f i t t i n g s , fo llo w th e
in stru c tio n sheet
that
comes w i t h e a c h on e a n d
s e c u r e a good m e c h a n ic a l a s w e l l a s e l e c t r i e a l c o n n e c tio n .) How t o i n s t a l l n o n m e t a l l i e
cab le.
(T h is c a b le i s
c h e a p e r t h a n e i t h e r o f t h e o t h e r two b u t i s n o t recom m ended.) a.
In sta ll (1)
a s you would i n s t a l l a rm o re d c a b l e .
Support w ith m etal s tr a p s r a th e r th an sta p le s.
(2)
M ost b u i l d i n g co des w i l l n o t p e r m it t h i s type c a b le .
(3)
Do n o t u s e i n damp p l a c e s o r u n d e r t h e ground l i n e
reg ard less
of th e b u ild in g
code i n y o u r a r e a . b.
F asten to o u tle t fl)
Use a s p e c i a l f i t t i n g electrical
(2)
box.
sto re.
F asten th e t h i r d th e o u tle t
a v a i l a b l e a t any
box i f
(n o n in su la te d ) w ire to y o u r b u i l d i n g code
r e q u ir e s th e th r e e w ire type w irin g . How t o
o b tain th e c o rre c t
siz e w ire.
a.
Buy N o . 1 4 w i r e f o r g e n e r a l p u r p o s e c i r c u i t . (1)
For lig h ts ,
rad io s,
e tc .
(2)
U n le s s you use a c i r c u i t
breaker,
put a
15 a m p . f u s e i n t h e c i r c u i t . (3) b.
Maximum s a f e t y l o a d h e r e i s
1 7 25 w a t t s .
P u r c h a s e N o . 12 w i r e f o r a p p l i a n c e (1)
F o r k itc h e n and w orkshop.
(2)
C o n n e c t a 20 a m p . f u s e
in th is
u n le s s you are u sin g a c i r e u i t (3) c.
Maximum s a f e l o a d h e r e
is
c irc u it breaker.
2300 w a t t s .
I n s t a l l No. 6 w ire f o r e l e c t r i c (1)
c ire u it.
sto v e,
T h i s r e q u i r e s a s p e c i a l t h r e e way 220 v o l t e irc u it.
(2)
There
a r e on t h e m a r k e t 110 v o l t
sto v es,
but t h e s e a r e n o t recom m ended. d.
Buy N o . 4 w i r e f o r s e r v i c e w i r e s .
How t o a t t a c h e n t r a n c e w i r e s t o a.
L o cate th e p o s itio n (1)
th e house.
of th e s e r v ic e w ire e n tra n c e .
T h is p o s itio n w i l l
be d e t e r m i n e d by t h e
l o c a t i o n o f th e power l i n e s £2)
in your a re a .
C o n s u l t t h e l o c a l po w er company f o r t h i s p o sitio n .
b.
I n s t a l l th e m eter o u ts id e th e house i f (E nclose m e ter i n
p o ssib le.
some k i n d o f a b o x t o k e e p
i d l e h a n d s and t h e w e a t h e r o f f o f i t . )
90 c.
In sta ll
s e r v i c e i n s u l a t o r s on t h e o u t s i d e o f
the house. (1)
These se rv e a s a base f o r running in to
(2)
th e power l i n e s
the house.
P l a c e s i x i n c h e s a p a r t and f a s t e n s o l i d l y to th e house.
d.
Run t h e w i r e s i n t o
th e house th ro u g h a co n d u it
o r by s p e c i a l s e r v i c e e n t r a n c e e.
In sta ll free,
sp ecial
fittin g s.
(These are m o is tu re
come i n m a n y v a r i e t i e s
t h e m e th o d you u s e t o
cab le.
and depend upon
b r i n g t h e s e r v i c e w ires'
in to th e h o u s e .) 6.
How t o a.
place m eters.
Buy a p u l l o u t t y p e o f m a i n s w i t c h b o x . (1)
L o c a te where i t
is
(In th e basem ent i f (2)
W ith t h i s to
b.
rea d ily accessib le. you have o n e .)
t y p e box you n e e d n o e l e c t r i c i a n
in stall i t
f o r you.
Run w i r e s f r o m m e t e r t o
sw itch
box,
or c irc u it
breaker. c. 7.
I n s ta ll proper fu ses.
How t o i n s t a l l
th e o u t le t
boxes.
a.
Make s p l i c e s o f w i r i n g ONLY i n o u t l e t
b.
Purchase boxes w ith
c.
I n s t a l l m etal
strip s
boxes.
clam ps a t t a c h e d . b etw een s tu d d in g f o r base
to a tta c h d.
th e o u tle t
Hook up t h e w i r e s a r o u n d t h e t e r m i n a l in the d ire c tio n
8.
How t o a.
boxes t o ,
a ttach
screw
of th e tu r n of th e screw .
sw itch es.
In s ta ll p u ll
chain sw itc h es i n
c l o s e t s and
b asem en ts. b.
Buy t o g g l e s w i t c h f o r t h e
room s.
(B utton
s w i t c h e s n o t recom m ended.) c.
A ttach w ires to let
d.
sw iteh d i r e c t l y
from t h e o u t
box.
F a s t e n t h e s w i t c h on t o p o f t h e o u t l e t
b o x by
th e fla n g e s p rovided f o r th e purpose. e.
Screw in t h e c o v e r p l a t e .
(These co ver
p lates
come i n m a n y s i z e s a n d c o l o r s a n d s e r v e
only a
d eco rativ e p u rp o se .) 9.
W here t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserve 446;
C.
sh elf:
16:310;
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
22:442,
508;
24:207,
4:407, 263.
P r o je c t in w ire i n s t a l l a t i o n .
1.
I n s t a l l th e w irin g in your house.
2.
H elp th e o t h e r s tu d e n ts i n y o u r c la s s i n s t a l l w irin g in th e c la ss
D.
2 :7 3 , 136, 141, 154;
EVALUATION: 1.
th e
p ro je c t house.
S a m p l e s o f some e v a l u a t i o n t e c h n i q u e s .
TRUE-FALSE:
P la c e an X i n
the
c o rre c t space f o r
tru e
or false. T
a.
F
(' ) . ( )
I t i s n o t necessary to b u ild in g tio n
b.
( ) ( )
c o n su lt th e lo c a l
code i n r e g a r d to th e i n s t a l l a
o f t h e ’w i r i n g i n y o u r h o u s e .
R ig id co n d u it i s n o t
sa tisfa c to ry fo r
sm all h o u se s. c.
( ) ( )
N o n m etallic cab le i s
b e t t e r than
arm ored c a b le f o r any g iv e n u se . d.
( ) ( )
The b u i l d i n g c o d e s w i l l n e v e r a c c e p t a n arm ored c a b le .
e.
( ) ( )
Yo u s h o u l d c o n s u l t t h e au th o rity in
e le c tric
power
your neighborhood to
fin d
o u t w here t o p u t t h e m ain s w itc h i n your house. f.
( ) ( )
It
is
b e st to have th e m e te r i n s i d e the
house. BEST ANSWER:
P la c e th e number of th e b e s t answ er
in th e p a re n th e s e s. a.
( )
The e l e c t r i c (1) No. 2 . 12.
b.
(
}
stove
( 2 ) N o . 3-
(2)
(3) No. 6 .
(4) No.
(5) No. 1 .
When i n s t a l l i n g is
sh ould have w ire s i z e :
th e m e te r in your house i t
best to i n s t a l l i t : In th e h a l l .
(1)
(3) In th e
In th e k itc h e n . u t i l i t y room .
(4)
On- t h e
back p o rc h .
(5)
J u s t o u tsid e
th e house. RATING SCALE:
P la ce an X in
each o f th e spaces
f o r w hich you q u a l i f y . a.
( )
You h a v e c o m p l e t e d t h e w i r i n g o f y o u r house.
b.
()
You h a v e l o c a t e d t h e m e t e r o u t s i d e .
c.
()
You i n s t a l l e d p u l l
chain sw itc h es in th e
d a rk room s. d.
()
You i n s t a l l e d n o p u s h b u t t o n s w i t c h e s .
e.
()
Yo u b u i l t a c o v e r p r o t e c t o r f o r t h e m e t e r
f.
()
Yo u i n s t a l l e d room s.
to g g le sw itch es f o r th e
CHAPTER 15 HOW TO INSTALL THE HEATING SYSTEM A.
MOTIVATION:
R ew ards t h a t
come f r o m h a v i n g a g o o d h e a t
in g sy stem c o r r e c t l y i n s t a l l e d . 1.
LESS COEDS:
U n h e a t e d rooms b r e e d c o l d s .
2 ..
GREATER COMFORT:
A co rrectly
in stalled
h eatin g
sy s te m k e e p s room s c o r r e c t l y h e a t e d a t a l l t i m e s . 3.
CLEANER HOUSE:
I n c o r r e c t l y i n s t a l l e d h e a t e r s may
sm uge-up t h e w a l l s . B.
DIRECTIONS:
H in ts
fo r i n s t a l l a t i o n of th e h e a tin g
sy stem . 1.
How t o
set
h ole in
furnace.
a.
Make a
b.
Set fu rn ace in
p lace.
c.
A ttach
gas lin e
d.
T hink b e f o r e you i n s t a l l t h i s t y p e . a lrig h t
2.
up a warm a i r
u n it to
th e f l o o r f o r the r e g i s t e r .
or o th er fu el
lin e . (It is
f o r s m a l l h o m e s i n w arm c l i m a t e s . )
How t o i n s t a l l a g r a v i t y w a r m - a i r s y s t e m . a.
Make h o l e i n t h e f l o o r f o r t h e *t o
b.
furnace u n it
be p l a c e d .
I n s t a l l t h e m e t a l d u c t s t o e a c h room o f t h e house.
(C old and h o t a i r )
c.
A ttach u n it to
d.
Buy t h i s
type
f u e l supply. in p re fe re n c e to th e above.
How t o i n s t a l l
a f o r c e d w a rm -a ir sy stem .
a.
B u ild fu rn ac e
seat.
b.
P lace
c.
I n s t a l l th e d u cts.
d.
Hook up t h e e l e c t r i c
e.
In sta ll
furnace in p o s itio n .
th is
blow er.
system f o r b e s t a l l a ro u n d
perform ance. How t o p u t i n w ith s la b flo o r is a.
ra d ia n t h eatin g .
f lo o r s only,
fo r houses
and m u st be done b e f o r e t h e
co m p leted .)
W i r e t h e h e a t i n g p a n e l s down t o forcem ent b efo re p o uring th e
b.
(T h is i s
Pour a t
lea st
th e m etal r e i n
top s l a b .
th re e in ch e s o f c o n crete over the
p an els. c.
Space th e tu b in g n in e in c h e s a p a r t i f you u se one h a l f
d.
Space th e
inch tu b in g . tu b in g one f o o t a p a r t
e ith e r th ree e.
i f you use
q u a r t e r in c h o r one in c h tu b in g .
H andle th e tu b in g w ith c a re
and t r y t o have i t
p erfectly f la t. f.
S o ld er
jo in ts at
a ll p o in ts.
g.
T e st com pleted p a n e lin g and see t h a t i t
is
tig h t. h.
H a v e a p l u m b e r o r h e a t i n g e x p e r t come t o house and t e s t
th e f i n a l
job f o r p r e s s u r e
the
*
i.
96
l e a k s up t o
two h u n d r e d p o u n d s p e r s q u a r e i n c h ,
In sta ll
b o ile r.
(1)
th e
( 9 6 , 0 0 0 BTU r e c o m m e n d e d )
Put th e b o ile r in to p o sitio n
before
ap p ly in g th e f i n i s h to th e w a lls in s id e . (2)
A tta c h d r a in and sto p
(3)
Bo n o t f i n i s h an e x p ert in
the
and w a s te v a l v e s .
job w ith o u t c o n s u ltin g
th e f i e l d
have p ro p e rly i n s t a l l e d 5.
to see t h a t you th e sy stem .
W here t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserve s h e lf : 241;
4 :390,
2:79>
440;
SO, 1 2 2 ,
6:1 3 ;
153,
16:10$;
171,
237,
24:198-203,
26 $. 0.
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENT:
P r o j e c t i n h e a tin g sy stem
in sta lla tio n . 1.
I n s t a l l th e
h e a tin g sy stem i n y o u r h o u se.
2.
H elp t h e o t h e r s tu d e n ts o f h e a t i n g system i n t h e
D.
EVALUATION: a b ility 1.
in
i n s t a l l the
c la s s p r o je c t house.
Sam ple e v a l u a t i o n th is
your cla ss
in s tru m e n ts f o r c h eck in g
sectio n .
TRUE-FALSE:
P la c e an X i n th e c o r r e c t space f o r
tru e or fa lse . T a.
(
F ) (
)R a d i a n t h e a t i n g i s
th e best h e a tin g
system you can i n s t a l l
f o r hardw ood
flo o rs. b.
{ ) (
)
You s h o u l d c a l l i n a n e x p e r i e n c e d plum ber to i n s p e c t y o u r f i n a l
job o f
plum bing. c.
( ) (
)
In r a d i a n t h e a tin g you sh o u ld space th e tu b in g about nine in c h e s a p a rt.
BEST ANSWER: in a.
P l a c e t h e number o f t h e b e s t answ er
the p a re n th e s e s. ( ) When p o u r i n g c o n c r e t e tubes,
you should:
s ix in ch es th ic k .
over th e h e a tin g (1) P our th e c o n c r e te
(2) P o u r th e
one i n c h o v e r t h e t u b e s . co n crete
Pour th e
the
co n crete.
RATING- SCALE:
(3) P our th e
th r e e in c h e s o v e r the
(4)
co n crete
tu b es.
c o n c re te tw elv e in c h e s
P la c e an X i n
over
each of th e spaces fo r
w hich you q u a l i f y . a.
( ) You
have i n s t a l l e d
co m p letely your h e a tin g
system . b.
( ) You
have used t h e b u i l d i n g
code a s a l a s t
w ord. c.
( ) You
have poured th re e in c h e s o f c o n c re te
over the ra d ia n t h e a tin g tu b e s , i f have a sla b f lo o r .
you
98 d.
(
)
You h a v e c a l l e d a g o o d e x p e r i e n c e d p l u m b e r to
check your f i n a l i n s t a l l a t i o n .
99 CHAPTER 1 6 HOW TO APPLY INTERIOR WALL F I N I S H A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
2.
R esu lts of w ell b u ilt w a lls .
REDUCTION OF HOUSE WORK: no c r a c k s w h ere d i r t
can c o l l e c t .
CHEERFUL HOUSEHOLD:
P leasan t
im press th e 3.
EASE OF DECORATION:
DIRECTIONS:
leav es
surroundings ten d to
o ccu p an ts.
made e a s y i f B.
Smoothf i n i s h w ork
P a in tin g and w a llp a p e r in g
th e w a lls are
sm ooth.
M ethods o f i n s t a l l i n g
th e
in te r io r w all
fin ish . 1.
How t o a.
in stall
th e p l a s t e r
base.
N a il board l a t h h o r i z o n t a l l y to c eilin g (1)
jo ists.
T h i s t y p e i s n o t recom m ended u n l e s s p en n ies are
(2)
s tu d d in g and
Wood l a t h
im p o rtan t.
is
purchased in
b u n d les o f 100
each. (3)
T he l a t h
comes i n
w id th s and f o r t y b.
N ail p la ste rb o a rd (1)
to
one an d one h a l f i n c h e ig h t in ch es lo n g .
stu d d in g lo n g sid e
T h is base has a p l a s t e r c o re and i s
up. fire
re sista n t. (2)
I s so ld
in
s h e e ts from 16” X 32” and u p .
c.
N ail m etal la th (1)
Comes i n
(2)
Leave th r e e
to
the
sheets
stu d d in g sh o rt sid e
up.
27" X 96” .
e i g h t h s in c h s p a c e betw een each
sh eet• (3)
U s e 3d n a i l s .
(4)
Do n o t a l l o w e n d s t o g o u n s u p p o r t e d .
How t o a.
p l a s t e r t h e w a l l s and c e i l i n g s .
A pply th e s c r a t c h c o a t. Cl)
U se a m i x t u r e o f two p a r t s
s h a rp sand and
o n e p a r t gypsum p l a s t e r . (2)
Do n o t b u y r e a d y m i x e d f o r t h e f i r s t
tw o
co ats. (3)
A pply w i t h f o r c e t o through th e h o le s
b.
(4)
Cover to
(3)
Score the p l a s t e r .
A pply th e (1)
push th e p l a s t e r in th e l a t h .
a d e p th o f one f o u r t h
in ch .
brown c o a t .
Put th is
c o a t on a f t e r th e f i r s t
coat has
hardened. (2)
A pply w ith enough f o r c e t o f o r c e th e p la s te r in to first
(3) c.
scored l i n e s
of th e
co at.
B u ild to d e s ir e d t h i c k n e s s .
A pply t h e f i n i s h (1)
th e
co at.
Buy f i n i s h c o a t p l a s t e r i n r e a d y - m i x e d
101 pa c k a g e s . (2)
A pply s e v e r a l t h i n l a y e r s .
(3)
Trow el th e
fin ish
if
you a re g o in g t o u se
w all paper. 3.
How t o a p p l y d r y w a l l m a t e r i a l s . a.
N a i l gypsum p l a s t e r (1)
A v a ila b le in
board i n t o p la c e u n ifo rm ly .
s h e e ts t h a t are
w ide and from s i x to (2)
(3)
tw elv e f e e t lo n g .
F o rce sw eedish p u t ty i n t o th e
four f e e t
th e
j o i n t s w here
s h e e t s come t o g e t h e r .
May b e p u t o n c u r v e d s u r f a c e s
by s c o r i n g
th e back.
b.
(4)
Cover i n t e r s e c t i o n s w i t h c l o t h t a p e .
(5)
P u tty to flu sh n ess
N a il w a ll board to
and sand t o f i n i s h .
stu dd in g .
(1)
A v a i l a b l e i n s i z e s 4* x 1 2 f .
(2)
Do n o t u s e i n
(3)
T reat
jo in ts
bathroom o r k i t c h e n . i n t h e same m a n n e r a s p l a s t e r
board. c.
d.
N a il co m p o sitio n board t o
stu d d in g .
(1)
S tandard s iz e i s
4 f X 12’ .
(2)
I d e a l f o r bathroom and k i t c h e n .
A p p ly plyw ood w i t h g l u e and n a i l s . (1)
S tan d ard s iz e i s
(2)
Use any j o i n t .
4 1 X S '. (B utt j o i n t i s
U N lvE R S iT * OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LIBRARY
recom m ended.)
102 e.
N ail asb esto s
board w ith
care d ir e c tly
to th e
stu d s or jo is ts .
4.
The s t a n d a r d s i z e
(2)
May be u s e d f o r e x t e r i o r w o r k a l s o .
W here t o a.
0.
(1)
is
4* X 8 * .
go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e .
R eserve s h e lf :
4:8 3 -3 6 ,
424, 466;
6:20,
144, 412;
23:131-136,
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
259,
30, 42;
262,
16:103;
334,
337,
22:100,
218-221.
P ro je c ts in th e
ap p licatio n
of
i n t e r i o r w all f i n i s h . 1.
A p p l 3r t h e i n t e r i o r w a l l f i n i s h
2.
H elp th e o th e r s tu d e n ts in th e c l a s s p l a s t e r w a lls of th e
3.
EVALUATION: 1.
th e
p ro je c t house.
H elp th e o t h e r s tu d e n ts a p p ly th e d ry f i n i s h th e c e ilin g
D.
c la ss
to your house.
to
of th e p ro je c t house.
M ethods o f e v a l u a t i o n i n t h i s s e c t i o n .
TRUE-FALSE:
P la c e an X i n th e
c o rr e c t space
for
tru e or fa lse . T a.
F
( ) ( )
I f you use
wood l a t h
you s h o u l d n a i l i t
to th e stu d d in g h o r i z o n t a l l y . b.
( ) f )
You s h o u l d u s e wood l a t h
if
it
is
at
a ll p o ssib le , e.
( ) C )
You s h o u l d n a i l p l a s t e r b o a r d d i r e c t l y
to th e stu d d in g . d.
( ) (
) You
should n a i l m e ta l l a t h
stu d d in g sh o rt e.
( ) (
) You
to th e
sid e up.
should ap p ly p l a s te r i n th re e
courses. f.
( ) (
) You
s h o u l d make th e
brown c o a t o f
p l a s t e r 1" t h i c k . BEST ANSWER:
P l a c e t h e number o f th e
b e st answ er
in the p a re n th e s e s . a.
( )
When p l a s t e r i n g (l)
A p p ly t h e brown c o a t f i r s t .
a 2 in ch
coat f i r s t .
coat f i r s t . b.
( )
your w a lls you sh o u ld : (2) A pply
(3) A pply a s c r a t c h
(4) A pply a l l
at once.
When a p p l y i n g g y p s u m b o a r d y o u s h o u l d : (1) G lue i n t o p o s i t i o n d i r e c t l y t o s t u d s . (2) N a i l i n t o
p o sitio n d ire c tly to
(3) G lue o v e r a wooden s h e a t h i n g .
stu d s. (4) N a i l
o v e r wooden s h e a t h i n g . RATING SCALE:
P la c e an X in the
s p a c e s f o r w hich
you q u a l i f y . a.
( )
You h a v e i n s t a l l e d a l l y o u r i n t e r i o r f i n i s h .
b.
( )
You
a p p lie d th e th re e
your w all, c.
( )
if
c o a ts of p l a s t e r to
you use p l a s t e r .
You h a v e u s e d t h e l o c a l b u i l d i n g c o d e a s a g u id e.
104 CHAPTER 17 HOW TO BUILD THE STAIRS A.
MOTIVATION:
Rew ards t h a t
come f r o m b u i l d i n g y o u r
sta irs w ell. 1.
LESS I N J U R I E S :
F au lty s t a i r s
cause a m ajo r p o rtio n
o f Lome a c c i d e n t s . 2.
REDUCED UPKEEP;
W ell b u i l t
sta irs w ill
p robably
never need re p la c in g . B.
DIRECTIONS:
Some h e l p f u l h i n t s
in th e b u ild in g of
sta irs. 1.
How t o b u i l d t h e l a n d i n g . a.
Saw 2 1 8 ?
boards in to
len g th
d e sired .
(Make
double t h i c k n e s s . ) b.
P o u r cem ent l a n d in g u s in g r o c k s i n t h e
bottom .
c.
N a i l wood l a n d i n g b o a r d s t o t h e
boards.
2 I
(The s i z e l a n d i n g b o a r d s d e p e n d upon t h e u s e of the la n d in g .) 2.
How t o m a k e t h e s t r i n g e r s . a.
Saw 2 X 12 b o a r d s t o d e s i r e d l e n g t h s .
(Two
f o r each s e t o f s t a i r s . ) b.
Cut th e
c.
N a i l 1 X 12 t o s t u d d i n g , strin g er
3.
tread
and r i s e r n o tc h e s i n
base m o ld in g .
How t o m a k e t h e t r e a d s .
th e
2 X 12.
i f w all s t a i r s ,
for
a.
Cut t h e t r e a d s i n t o
c o rre c t le n g th using
2 X 12 s t o c k .
4.
b.
Cut t o 10 a n d 3 /4 i n c h e s w i d e .
c.
Round o f f
d.
F ix to
one l e n g t h e d g e .
s trin g e rs w ith n a ils o r
g lu e.
How t o m ak e t h e r i s e r s . a.
Cut d e s i r e d
b.
N ail to
le n g t h from 2 X
strin g ers.
sto ck .
(four n a ils
per ris e r is
a lrig h t.) 5*
How t o b r a c e t h e a.
Cut 2 X 4 (1)
sta irs.
(F o r wooden s t a i r s
o n ly .)
sto ck f o r braces.
C u t one p i e c e e a c h f o r f l o o r t o t r e a d su p p o rt.
(2) b.
C ut l e n g t h o n e i n c h below t r e a d s .
F ix to th e f lo o rin g in
th e
same m a n n e r a s a
w all. c.
N ail 2 X 4
s u p p o r t s t h r o u g h t h e 1 X 12 and i n t o
t h e 2 X 12 s t r i n g e r s .
6.
d.
F ix cro ss
e.
B u ild f i r e
f.
Pour co n crete ste p s,
W here t o a.
bracing every fiv e stop as b rac in g .
t h e r e f o r e no
bracing needed.
go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e .
R eserve s h e l f : 378,
step s.
425;
24:128-137,
6 :2 6 ;
2:64, 176,
177,
16:136-139;
258-261.
247; 22:253,
4 :291-293, 397;
106 C.
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS: th is
do i n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h
assig n m en t.
1.
B u ild th e s te p s n e c e s s a r y f o r y o u r h o u s e .
2.
H elp th e o t h e r s tu d e n ts b u ild th e s t e p s n e c e s s a r y f o r the
D.
Work t o
c la ss p ro je c t house.
EVALUATION: S a m p l e s o f may b e a p p l i e d t o s t a i r 1.
TRUE-FALSE:
some t y p e s o f
check-ups t h a t
b u ild in g .
P la c e an X i n th e c o r r e c t
space f o r
tru e or fa lse . T a.
(
F ) { )
C oncrete la n d in g s
s h o u l d be p u r e
sand
and c e m e n t. b.
( ) (
) Yo u
s h o u l d make s t r i n g e r s
out of 2 X 4s.
c.
( ) (
) You
should n a i l s t r i n g e r s d i r e c t l y
to
stu d d in g .
2.
d.
( ) (
) You
should c u t a l l th e t r e a d s a t on ce.
e.
C) (
5 You
s h o u l d make a l l t h e r i s e r s a t o n c e .
f .
( 5 (
) You
s h o u ld n e v e r b r a c e wooden s t a i r s .
BEST ANSWER:
P la c e t h e number o f t h e
b e st answ er
in th e p a re n th e se s. a.
[
) When
bracing th e s t a i r s
Use o n l y 4 X 8 s . 2 X 12s. b.
(
you s h o u l d :
(2 ) Use 2 X 4 s .
(1) (3)
Use
(4 ) Use 4 X 1 2 s .
) When b u i l d i n g t h e
sta irs
you
sh o u ld :
(1)
In sta ll
the
the r i s e r s first. RATING SCALE: you a re a.
()
(4)
strin g ers first.
first.
(3)
(2)
I n s t a ll th e
In sta ll tread s
I n s t a l l th e lan d in g f i r s t .
P la ce an X in
e ac h sp ace f o r w hich
q u a lifie d . You
have f in is h e d th e
sta irs
fo r your
house. b.
()
You
cu t a l l th e r i s e r s a t once.
c.
{)
You
cut a l l the tre a d s a t once.
d.
()
You
used th e l o c a l b u ild in g
guide throughout a l l
th e
code f o r
b u ild in g .
a
108 CHAPTER 1 8 HOBSf TO BUILD FIXED FURNITURE A.
MOTIVATION: 1.
A d v a n tag e s from w e l l b u i l t
ECONOMY OF SPACE:
Your b u i l t - i n
fix ed f u r n itu r e .
fu rn itu re
occupies
e x a c t sp ace needed w h ile com m ercial ite m s o f t e n co n ta in 2.
an e x t r a draw o r d o o r .
REDUCED COST OF FURNISHINGS: u n n e c e s s a ry - you keep th e
3.
SATISFACTION:
Heavy f u r n i s h i n g
b ills
com m ission.
You g e t e x a c t l y w h a t y o u w a n t w i t h
tailorm ad e fu rn itu re . 4.
LESS MAINTENANCE:
Fewer s u r f a c e s exposed and l e s s
e d g e s t o be c h ip p e d . B.
DIRECTIONS:
Key g u i d e p o i n t s i n t h e b u i l t - i n
fu rn itu re
co n stru ctio n . 1.
How t o m a k e k i t c h e n c a b i n e t s . a.
Make t h e f r a m e f r o m 1 X 2 s le ft
(You w i l l h a v e some
over very l ik e ly .)
b.
Cover th e to p and s id e s w ith
c.
N ail b a tte n
s t r i p s on t h e i n n e r f a c e s o f t h e
tw o s i d e s f o r s h e l f s u p p o r t s . shelves is
plyw ood.
a m atter of ta s te ,
(The num ber o f th ree is
about
a v e ra g e .) d.
I n s t a l l cab in et
so t h a t t h e b o tto m i s
52” to 60” above th e ground.
from
(1)
T h e h e i g h t o f t h e woman o f t h e h o u s e w i l l d eterm in e th e ex act h e ig h th .
(2)
If
a t a l l p o ss ib le p lace
w ill
c a b i n e t so t h e r e
be n o s t a n d i n g o n c h a i r s t o r e a c h
th e to p s h e lf . How t o
b u i l d k i t c h e n work t a b l e s .
a.
B u ild t h e fram e from 1 X 2s
b.
Cover th e
c.
I n s t a l l th e to p base of th ree
s i d e s w i t h t h r e e q u a r t e r in c h plyw ood.
o r w hite p in e .
q u a r t e r plyw ood
(S in ce a hard f i n i s h i s
l a i d , m o s t a n y w ood i s i t w ill w ith stan d d.
(30" from t h e f l o o r . )
t o be
s a tis f a c to r y provided
th e w e ig h t.)
Cover t h e t o p w i t h s t a i n l e s s hardboard o r lin o leu m .
steel,
p o rcelain ,
(These a r e l i s t e d
in
th e o rd er o f p re fe re n c e .) e.
A pply m e ta l m o ld in g a ro u n d th e
f.
Put a p ro tec tiv e
ta b le to p.
coat of p ain t o r a p ro te c tiv e
c o v e r o f some s o r t o v e r t h e c a b i n e t i m m e d i a t e l y . g.
See F ig u r e 12 f o r p ro p o se d c a b i n e t and
tab le.
How t o m a k e b e d r o o m c l o s e t s . a.
B u ild t h e fram e o u t o f 1 X 2 s . (1)
A fram ew ork i s if
not a b so lu te ly necessary
th e c lo set i s
sm a ll and the
a m in i m u m o f t h r e e (2)
2 X 4s are
sid in g is
q u a rte r in ch b oards.
a lrig h t i f
you a re
o v ersu p p lied
110
K/TCHEN
E /G U R E WORKTABLE
/ Z. AMD
CABINET
Ill w i t h them . b.
B u ild th e
s h e lv e s from t h r e e q u a r t e r in c h
sto ck . c.
I n s t a l l shelves
d.
B u ild th e
as you w ould i n
cab in ets.
d o o rs and c o v e rin g from t h r e e
q u a r t e r i n c h s t o c k o r plyw ood. e. 4.
C o n s t r u c t t o o much s p a c e r a t h e r t h a n t o o l i t t l e .
How t o m a k e b u i l t - i n a.
C o n stru ct th e (1)
It
is
bookcases.
s h e lv e s 8” deep and 8” h ig h .
a p e r s o n a l m a t t e r how b i g t o m a k e
some o f t h e (2) b.
s h e lv e s - th e 8" i s
Three q u a r t e r . i n c h
B u ild th e d esire.
sto ck i s
bookease th e le n g th
stan d ard .
sa tisfac to ry .
and h e i g h t h you
(The d i m e n s i o n w i l l v a r y g r e a t l y w i t h
d ifferen t fa m ilie s.) c.
S ink th e
bookcase i n t o th e w a ll to
s u it your
own f a n c y . (1)
I f the
bookcase i s
w a ll o f th e in to (2) 5.
room i t w i l l
the o th e r
P lace i t
to be f l u s h w i t h th e have to
ex ten d
sid e.
opp o site a u t i l i t y
room o r c l o s e t .
W h e r e t o go f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserve s h e lf : 4:297, 470;
2 :52,
55,
183,
2 98, 360- 363, 367-369, 16:1 4 1 -1 4 3 ,
226- 2 3 6 ;
210-212, 378-379,
24:144,
218; 405,
149.
112 C.
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS: m aster the
L a b o r a t o r y w ork t o h e l p y o u •
cab inet-m aker te c h n iq u e .
1.
B u ild th e f ix e d f u r n i t u r e
2.
H elp th e o t h e r s tu d e n ts
in your house.
in th e
c la ss co n stru ct
th e fix ed f u r n itu r e in th e c la s s p r o je c t house. D.
EVALUATION: to t h i s 1.
S a m p l e s o f c h e c k - u p s w h i c h may b e a p p l i e d
p ro ject.
TRUE-FALSE:
P l a c e an X i n t h e
c o rre c t space fo r
tru e or fa lse . T a.
F
C }f )
A wooden t a b l e
is
sa tisfac to ry for a
k i t c h e n work t a b l e . b.
( ) ( )
M e t a l m o ld in g s h o u l d be u se d a r o u n d a l l k i t c h e n work t a b l e s .
c.
( )( )
The h e i g h t h o f t h e w ork t a b l e th ree
d.
(
)( )
f e e t in a l l
A sta in less
steel
sa tisfa c to ry
s h o u l d be
cases. t a b l e t o p i s m ore
to th e average person th an
one o f lin o le u m . e.
( )( )
It
is
som etim es a d v i s a b l e t o
b u ild a
bedroom c l o s e t w i t h o u t a fra m e w o rk . f.
( )C )
A b u ilt-in
b o o k c a s e s h o u l d a lw a y s be
flu s h w ith th e w all in th e lo cated .
room i t
is
g.
(
) (
)
Bookcase s h e l v e s
s h o u l d be b u i l t w i t h
y o u r own b o o k s a s a g u i d e f o r d i m e n sions . h.
(
) (
)
Though b u i l t - i n b etter
it
fu rn itu re
is
i s a lw a y s m ore e x p e n s iv e
t h e f u r n i t u r e you buy i n t h e i.
(
) (
)
o ften
The o n e g r e a t d r a w b a c k t o fu rn itu re is
th at i t
than
sto res.
b u ilt-in
t a k e s up more
room t h a n r e g u l a r c o m m e rc ia l f u r n i t u r e , j.
(
) (
)
You s h o u l d n e v e r p u t m o r e t h a n tw o shelves
BEST ANSWER:
in
a k itch en
cab in et.
P la c e th e number o f th e
b e st answ er in
p aren th eses. a.
(
}
When b u i l d i n g b u i l t - i n (1)
H i r e a c a b in e tm a k e r and g i v e him v e r b a l
h elp . (3)
(2)H ir e
carp en ter (
)
a c a r p e n t e r t o do
Do a l l t h e w o r k y o u r s e l f ,
a d v ice.
b.
(4)
best to :
fin ish i t
(1)
t h e w ork.
b u t ta k e any
B u ild th e fram ew ork and h ave a
When i n s t a l l i n g
feet
f u r n i t u r e you sh o u ld :
f o r you.
a k i t c h e n w ork t a b l e
B u ild th e to p o f th e
from t h e f l o o r .
is
tab le four
(2) B u ild th e to p
two a n d one h a l f
f e e t from th e f l o o r .
Make t h e t o p t h e
d istan ce
e q u a l to th e d i s t a n c e
it
(3)
from t h e f l o o r
from t h e f l o o r to y o u r
e lb o w w i t h arm s s t r a i g h t dow n. s tr u c t the ta b le
(4)
Con
top e x a c tly th e h e ig h th
of your w a is t. c.
{ )
When p u t t i n g t h e t o p o n t h e w o r k t a b l e fo r th e k itch en th e best m a te ria l to is:
(1) L in o leu m .
S ta in le ss d.
( )
steel.
(2) Hardwood.
(3)
(4) P o r c e la in t i l e .
When m a k i n g c l o s e t s y o u s h o u l d : th e
use
( 1 ) Make
e x a c t amount o f s p a c e you t h i n k you
w ill need.
(2)
B u ild a l i t t l e
you f i g u r e you w i l l
ever need.
m ore t h a n (3) C o n su lt
y o u r l o c a l c a b i n e t d e a l e r f o r t h e amount you w i l l n e e d .
( 4 ) A s k some o f y o u r f r i e n d s
how much y o u w i l l n e e d , RATING SCALE:
P l a c e an X i n e a c h sp a c e f o r w hich
you q u a li f y . a.
( )
C om pleted a l l
th e
c a b i n e t w ork i n y o u r
house. b.
( )
C om pleted a l l t h e
bookcases in your house.
c.
( )
C om pleted a l l t h e
c lo sets
d.
( )
Made e x t r a
e.
( )
In sta lled
b u ilt-in a steel
in your h o u se .
equipm ent.
t o p on t h e k i t c h e n w o r k
tab le. f.
( )
C onsulted th e the c a b i n e t s .
' L a d y ’ a s t o ho w h i g h t o m a k e
115 g.
(
) M easured y o u r books f o r h e ig h th of bookcase sh elv es.
h.
( ) B u ilt th e top of
t h e work t a b l e t h r e e f e e t
from th e f l o o r . i.
( ) Made m o r e c l o s e t
s p a c e than, you f i g u r e you
need. j .
( ) Put a p ro te c tiv e
c o a t i n g on t h e c a b i n e t w o rk .
CHAPTER 1 9 HOW TO INSTALL THE TRIM A.
MOTIVATION:
V a l u e s y o u may e x p e c t f r o m t h e c o r r e c t
in stallatio n
of trim .
1.
EASIER WINDOW INSTALLATION:
If a ll
trim
is
co rrectly
f i x e d t h e -windows n e e d n o a t t e n t i o n . 2.
EASE OF DOOR HANGING:
If
t h e d o o r jam bs a r e p r o p e r l y
i n p l a c e you w i l l a v o id a l a b o r jam . 3.
ERRORS CORRECTED:
The s k i l l f u l
c o v e r up c e r t a i n m i s t a k e s estim ates, B.
DIRECTIONS:
can
e sp e c ia lly in len g th
e tc .
G uiding p r i n c i p l e s and te c h n iq u e s f o r
th e
in stallatio n
1.
How t o i n s t a l l a.
use o f t r im
of trim . d o o r jam bs.
P u rc h ase th e one and th r e e
e ig h ts
jam b f r o m t h e
lu m b er y a rd . b.
P ain t th e
jam bs im m e d ia te l y w i t h a p r i m e r .
( I f you i n t e n d
to
sta in th e
jam bs, p a i n t th e
back o f th e t r i m 'o n l y . ) c.
A ssem ble t h e
th ree p ie c e s of th e
d.
N ail header to
e.
C ut a p i e c e o f wood t o
the sid e
betw een t h e s i d e th is
jam bs. fit
jam bs a t
a s a guide a t th e
jam b.
th e
exact d ista n c e
the h ead er.
b o tto m .)
(Use
f.
F i x jam bs a b s o l u t e l y plum b. alo ng th e
2.
How t o i n s t a l l a.
s i d e s when n e c e s s a r y . ) door casin g s.
P u rc h ase th e tr im a t th e w id th t h a t you d e s i r e . (1)
T h is is a m a tte r of t a s t e .
(2)
I f you have m is f ig u r e d a t of w all to door,
A pply u s in g a sq u a re c u t sk ille d
th e co n n ectio n
you may n e e d a t r i m o f
s u f f i c i e n t w idth to b.
(Use wooden w ed ges
and p r e f e r i t ,
cover your m istak e. jo in t.
( I f you a re
a m itered
jo in t is
g o o d .) c.
P a i n t w i t h a prim e c o a t .
d.
H ail in p lace leav in g the
3.
betw een t h e
ja m b a n d t h e b e g i n n i n g o f t h e
edge o f
casin g .
How t o i n s t a l l w i n d o w t r i m s . a.
I n s ta ll th e sto o l f i r s t .
(N ail to
s u b s ill or
r o u g h f ramewo r k . ) b.
Put the
sid e casin g s in p la c e .
care here
(Use
the
as w ith th e door c a s in g s .)
c.
I n s t a l l th e head c a sin g n e x t.
d.
P ut the
apron in p la c e and n a i l .
so t h a t
it
is
(Cut a p ro n
flu s h w ith th e o u ts id e of th e
c a sin g s.) e.
sa m e
T e st each p a r t
f o r l e v e l and plum bness.
118 4.
How t o a.
In sta ll
baseboards.
Buy b a s e b o a r d s f r o m t h e l u m b e r c o m p a n y s i x in c h e s w ide.
( I t comes i n v a r i o u s s i z e s
but
s i x in c h e s i s m ost w id e ly u s e d .) b.
Cut b o a rd s so
th a t th e only j o i n t s o ccu r in
th e
corners i f p o ssib le . c.
Groove o r saw t h e b o a r d s w i t h a r a b b e t e d
d.
Back p rim e t h e
e.
N a il d i r e c t l y to w all stu d d in g .
f.
Use 8d e a s i n g n a i l s .
(2)
Two n a i l s n e e d e d a t
each s tu d .
(If
th is is
flo o rin g is
used,
use i t
a f t e r the
dow n.)
W h ere t o g o f o r f u r t h e r a s s i s t a n c e . a.
R eserve s h e l f : 16:3 08 -3 10 ;
ACTIVITY ASSIGNMENTS:
4:418,
22:345;
448;
6 :3 0 , 37, 48;
24:15,
16.
P ro je c t in in s t a l l a t i o n
1.
I n s ta ll th e trim
2.
H e lp t h e c l a s s m em bers i n s t a l l
of trim .
in your house. th e trim
in th e
c la s s p ro je c t house. D.
EVALUATION:
S a m p l e s o f some e v a l u a t i o n t e c h n i q u e s
w h i c h may be a p p l i e d 1.
it.
A p p ly sh o e m old f l u s h a g a i n s t b o t h f l o o r an d
fin ish ed
0.
base b oard b e fo re i n s t a l l i n g
(1)
baseboard.
5.
jo in t.
TRUE-FALSE:
to trim i n s t a l l a t i o n .
P la c e an X i n th e
c o rre c t space
for
tru e
or false. T
a.
F
{ )(
)
T rim i n s t a l l a t i o n in stallatio n
b.
( )(
)
d ire c tly
e f f e c ts th e
o f window s i n y o u r h o u s e .
B a s e b o a r d s s h o u l d be a p p l i e d d i r e c t l y to th e su b -flo o rin g .
c.
(
)(
)
It
is
b e s t t o b u i l d y o u r own w i n d o w
casin g s. d.
(
)C )
The s t o o l i s n a i l e d d i r e c t l y t o
the
su b sill. e.
( )(
)
The w i n d o w c a s i n g i s n a i l e d th e edge o f t h e
BEST ANSWER:
flu sh w ith
jam b.
P la c e t h e number o f t h e b e s t answ er
in th e p aren th eses. a.
( ) When a p p l y i n g t h e (1)
Put i t
and th e
s h o e m old you s h o u l d :
f lu s h w ith b o th th e
flo o r.
(2) Leave a
space a t th e f l o o r base, a ir a
space a t a ir
baseboard in a i r
(3) Leave a
th e b a se b o a rd end.
space a t
(4) Leave
both t h e b a seb o a rd and,
th e f l o o r . b.
( } The b a s e b o a r d (2} M i t e r .
c.
(
j o i n t i s m ade: (3) R ab b eted .
) When i n s t a l l i n g (1) S t a i n t h e
(1) B u t t. (4)
C urved.
d o o r jam bs you s h o u ld : jam bs b e f o r e p u t t i n g
in to
120 p o sitio n ,
reg ard less
of th e
fin al
fin ish .
(2) A pply th e enam el b e f o r e i n s t a l l i n g . (3) P u t p r i m e r on a f t e r i n s t a l l i n g . Prim e b e f o r e i n s t a l l i n g .
(4)
121 CHAPTER 20 HOW TO LAY THE FLOORING A.
MOTIVATION;
G o a l s w h i c h y o u m ay a c h i e v e i f
you have
good f l o o r i n g e x p e r t l y p u t i n t o y o u r L o u s e . 1.
CLEANER FLOORS:
Good f l o o r i n g w e l l l a i d h a s n o
cracks fo r d i r t . 2.
ANT I -SQUEAK FLOORS:
I f p ro p erly la id th e
flo o r
w i l l n o t g i v e t h e m addening s q u e a k . 3.
ADMIRATION OF NEIGHBORS AND FRIENDS:
Av i s i t o r
c a n n o t h e lp n o t i c e what he i s w a lk in g on. 4.
HEALTHIER CHILDREN:
B ab ies spend a g r e a t p a r t o f
t h e i r tim e on th e f l o o r . B.
DIRECTIONS:
S u g g estio n s th a t w ill
a sa tisfac to ry 1.
How t o a.
enable you to have
flo o r.
l a y wood f l o o r i n g .
P u t down h a r d w o o d f l o o r i n g a f t e r a l l o t h e r work i s (1)
fin ish ed .
Have i t
d e li v e r e d from t h e lum ber y a rd
t h e day you use i t . (2) b.
Do n o t s t o r e n e a r a n y t y p e o f m o i s t u r e .
Lay t h e f l o o r i n g (If
th is
p o ssib le.
i s n o t p o s s ib le h e a t th e house w ith
the fu rn ace c.
in dry h o t w eath er i f
b e fo re you l a y t h e f l o o r i n g . )
C lean s u b - f l o o r i n g th o ro u g h ly .
d.
D rive in to th e
su b -flo o rin g a ll n a ils .
(C ounter
sink the n a i l s . ) e.
f.
C o v e r s u b - f l o o r i n g w i t h 15 p o u n d a s p h a l t f e l t . (1)
Lay t h e p a p e r w a l l t o w a l l .
(2)
A llow f o u r i n c h o v e r l a p p i n g .
Lay t h e f i r s t
course a g a in s t th e w a ll w ith th e
tongue edge f a c i n g o u t .
(Lay a lo n g t h e l o n g e s t
d im e n s io n o f t h e room ..) g.
N ail f i r s t F igure
h.
course s t r a i g h t th ro u g h .
(See
1 3 .)
N a i l o t h e r c o u rs e s th ro u g h t h e tongue a t an a n g le . (1)
The e x a c t s i z e o f n a i l determ in ed
by t h e s i z e
(2)
N ail to
(3)
See F ig u re 1 3 .
to u s e w i l l be o f boards u se d .
su b -flo o rin g a t a
How
to la y lin o leu m .
a.
C lean s u b - f l o o r i n g a s f o r wood.
b.
N ail d ire c tly la y e r of th ree
c. d.
Pound i n t o
over th e
s lig h t an g le.
s u b - f l o o r i n g a com plete
e i g h t h plyw ood.
t h e plyw ood a l l
exposed n a i l s .
C em ent, w i t h s p e c i a l l i n o l e u m c e m e n t, a
felt
b a s e to t h e plyw ood. e .-
Remove a l l b u l g e s , from t h e
felt.
bubles o r o th e r i r r e g u l a r i t i e s
125
ft
*
flo
om e
F£