Dio Cassius: Roman History (Books 46-50) [5] 9780674990913, 0674990919

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THE LIBRARY THE INSTITUTE OF MEDIAEVAL STUDIES TORONTO PRESENTED BY Y.ery...R.e.verend...H.•

June

1;^

Garr.,

1938

C.,.S.,.3..

J^•

^^ ^ '

LOKH CLASSICAL LIBRAHV EDITED BY .

CAPP8, Ph.D.,

I.I..F).

T. E.

PAGE,

W. H. D. ROUSE, Lirr.D.

Ijtt.D.

ROMAN HISTORY

DIO'S

V

NEW GREEK COMEDY Ne'a

LEORAND by JAMES LOEB,

By Ph. Translated

With an

K.

Inti-oduction

JOHN WILLIAMS WHITE, In one ^ Oliune.

A.B.

b}•

11.)., LL.D.

15s. net.

ARISTOPHANES AND THE POLITICAL PARTIES AT ATHENS MAURICE CROISET Translated by JAMl^.S LOEB, Hy

In one

'.

Detny Svo.

A.B.

7r. 6u. net.

EURIPIDES AND THE SPIRIT OF HIS DRAMAS By

rKUKKSSOR PAUi. DECHARMi:

Translated by

JAMES LOEB,

In one Volume.

12.s.

A.B.

6d. net.

LONDON: WILLIAM HEINEMANN

Digitized by the Internet Archive in

2011 with funding from University of Toronto

http://www.archive.org/details/diosromanhistor05cass

LOKH CLASSICAL LIBRARY EDITED BY CAPPH,

.).,

I-!-. I).

T. E.

PAGE,

Litt.D.

W. H. D. ROUSE, LirrJ).

DIGS ROMAN HISTORY V

ROMANHISTOliY WlTiTMN KNOLISH TRANSI^TION

ST C A Vi\\

AR ON THK

JBA5WS

Ph.D.

OF THE VERSION OF

HERBERT BALDWIN FOSTER, ;

IN

\\\

Ph.D.

I

NINE VOLUMES

V

LONDON

:

NEW YDHK

WILLIAM

EI

KM ANN

G. P. PUTNAM'S Mi^MXVn

SONS

JUN -

9

1938

CONTENTS PAGE

HOOK XLVI

1

BOOK XLVII

116

BOOK XLVIII

218

BOOK XLIX

.

.

338

BOOK L

434

INDEX

517

DIO'S

ROMAN HISTORY

VOL. V

39 4-7 •>

ROMAN HISTORY

DIO'S

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vay they themselves })rovided Antony with his excuse for hostility, although he was eager to make war in any case. He was glad to seize upon the pretext of the decrees, and straightway reproaclied the envoys with not treating him rightly or fairly as com})ared with the lad (meaning Caesar). And in order to place the blame for the Avar upon the senators, he sent an embassy in his turn, and made some counter-propositions which saved his face but were impossible of performance either by Caesar or by his supporters. For while he had nt) intention of carrying out any of the senate's commands and was well aware that the senators, too, would not do any;

'

He was

technically propraetor

;

cf.

Cicero, Philipp.

v. 17,

viv. 8. -

Gallia Narbonensis

and Belgica Avere governed by others.

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BOOK XLVI thing that lie proposed, he pretended to promise that he would carry out all their decrees, in order not only that lie himself might take refuge in asserting that he would have done so, but also that his

opponents' action,

in

refusing

his

proj)Osals,

might appear to have given the first occasion for P'or he said he would abandon Gaul and war. disband his legions, if they would grant these soldiers the same rewards as they had voted to Caesar's and would elect Cassius and Marcus Brutus His purpose in making this last demand consuls. was to win over these tvo men, so that they should not harbour any resentment against him for his operations against their fellow-conspirator Decimus.

Antony made these offers knowing well that them would be accepted. For Caesar would never have endured that the murderers of his father should become consuls or that Antony's soldiers by receiving the same rcAvards as his own should feel still more kindly toward his rival. Accordingly, not one of Antony's proposals was ratified, but the senate again declared war on him and once more gave neither of

notice to his associates to leave him, setting another time limit. All, even such as vere not to take the field, arrayed themselves in their military cloaks, and they committed to the consuls the care of the city, attaching to the decree the customary clause "that it suffer no harm." And since there was need of much money for the war, they all contributed the twenty-fifth part of the wealth they possessed and the senators also four obols ^ for each roof-tile of all I'tobably ten asses, inasmuch as Dio regularly takes the dnichnia (six obols) as the e(iuivalent of the denarius (sixteen '

asses in his time).

61

b.c.

43

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BOOK XLVI who were

successful were considered while the defeated were called enemies of their country and accursed. This was the pass to which the fortunes of Rome I shall now go on to describe had at that time come. For it seems to me to be the se})arate events. particularly instructive, when one takes facts as the basis of his reasoning, investigates the nature of the former by the latter, and thus proves his reasoning true by its correspondence Avith the facts. The reason for Antony's besieging Decimus in Mutina, to be exact, was that Decimus would not give up Gaul to him, but he pretended that it Avas because Decimus had been one of Caesar's assassins. For since the true cause of the war brought him no :*redit, and at the same time he saw that the feelings jf the people were turning toward Caesar to help liim avenge his father, he put forward this excuse for For that it Avas a mere })retext for getting the war. ["ontrol of Gaul he himself made plain when he :lemanded that Cassius and Marcus Brutus should be ippointed consuls. Each of these two pretences, utterly inconsistent as they were, he made with an eye to his own advantage. Caesar, now, had begun a cam[laign against his rival before the command of the war kvas voted to him, though he had achieved nothingworthy of mention. When, however, he learned of the decrees j)asscd, he accepted the honours and rejoiced, the more so, since, when he vas sacrificing it the time of receiving the distinction and the luthority of |)raetor, the livers of all the victims, twelve in number, were found to be double. But he w&s vexed that envoys and proposals had been sent to Antony, also, by the senate instead of their de-

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BOOK XLVI daring against him at once a war to the finish^ and most of all because he ascertained that the consuls had forwarded to Antony some private message about harmony, also that when some letters sent by the latter to certain senators had been captured, these officials had handed them to the persons addressed, concealing the matter from him, and that, with the winter as an excuse, they vere not carrying on the war zealously or promptly. However, as he could not publish these facts, because he did not wish to alienate them and on the other hand was unable to use any persuasion or force upon them, he also remained quiet in winter quarters in Forum Cornelii,

he became alarmed about Decimus. Decimus, it seems, had previously been defending himself vigorously against Antony. On one occasion, suspecting that some men had been sent into the city to corrupt the soldiers, he called together all those present and after a few preliminary remarks proclaimed through a herald that all the men under arms should go to one side of a certain place that he pointed out and the private citizens to the other side of it in this way he detected and arrested Antony's spies, who did not know which way to turn, and were thus left by themselves. Later he vas entirely shut in by a wall and Caesar, fearing he might be captured by storm or might capitulate through lack of provisions, compelled Hirtius to join him in an until

;

;

expedition for Vibius Avas still in Rome making the levies and abolishing the laws of the Antonii.^ Accordingly, they set out and without a 1)1 took }M)ssession of Bononia, Avliich had been abandoned by its garrison, and routed the cavalry Avliich later con;

1

Cf. xlv. 9.

71

c.(

.

^3

DIO'S

4

^-^ ^. ) ,, ROMAN HISTORY