Coordination compounds. Valence bond theory

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The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Kazan National Research Technological University

COORDINATION COMPOUNDS. VALENS BOND THEORY Tests

Kazan KNRTU Press 2018

Copyright ООО «ЦКБ «БИБКОМ» & ООО «Aгентство Kнига-Cервис»

UDC 546; 54-386 The study guide is published in accordance with the decision of the Faculty of Chemical Technologies

Reviewers: Ph. D. (in chemistry), Full Prof. N. B. Berezin Ph. D. (in chemistry), Full Prof. M. B. Gazizov Contributors: Assoc. Prof. М. М. Petrova Full Prof. Е. М. Zueva Full Prof. А. М. Kuznetsov

Coordination compounds. Valence bond theory : tests / сontributors: M. M. Petrova, E. M. Zueva, A. M. Kuznetsov; The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Kazan National Research Technological University. – Kazan : KNRTU Press, 2018. – 52 p. The study guide contains individual test tasks, which can be used to control student achievements in the topic "Coordination compounds. Valence bond theory". The tasks are developed for the first-year students of engineering degree programs, who study the discipline "General and Inorganic Chemistry" and "The additional chapters of Inorganic Chemistry" in English. The study guide was prepared at the Department of Inorganic Chemistry.

UDC 546; 54-386

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INDIVIDUAL TASKS Variant 1 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of tetraamminezinc(II) chloride is А) [Zn(NH3)3]Cl2; B) [Zn(NH3)2]Cl2; C) [Zn(NH3)]Cl2; D) [Zn(NH3)4]Cl2. 2. The [Co(CN)6]3− complex is called А) hexacyanocobaltate(III) ion; B) hexacyanocobaltate(II) ion; C) hexacyanocobalt(III) ion; D) hexacyanocobalt(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K3[Fe(CN)6]; C) Na[Al(OH)4]; D) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2. 4. In the [Co(CN)6]3− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 3, +6; B) 6, +3; C) 6, −3; D) 3, −6. 5. In the [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) cobalt ions; C) water molecules; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al2(SO4)3 + KOHexcess → А) Al(OH)3; B) K2SO4; C) K3[Al(OH)6]; D) [Al(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex is А) [Ag(NH3)2+]/[Ag+][NH3]2; B) [Ag+][NH3]/[Ag(NH3)2+]; C) [Ag+][2NH3]/[Ag(NH3)2+]; D) [Ag+][NH3]2/[Ag(NH3)2+]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; B) [Fe(CN)6]3−; − C) [Al(OH)4] ; D) [HgCl4]2−.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Pt(NH3)4]2+complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 6s2; B) 5d8; 8 2 C) 5d 6s ; D) 5d10. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 8; B) 10; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 2 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) is А) K3[Fe(CN)6]; B) K4[Fe(CN)6]; C) K[Fe(CN)4]; D) Na[Fe(NCS)4]. 2. The [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex is called А) ion diammineargentat(I); B) ion diammineargentat(II); C) ion diamminesilver(II); D) ion diamminesilver(I). 3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl3; C) [Ni(NH3)6]SO4; D) K3[FeF6]. 4. In the [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +1; C) 2, +3; D) 3, +1.

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5. In the K3[Ag(S2O3)2] compound, the ligands are А) thiosulphate ions; B) silver ions; C) sulfide ions; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Cr(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Cr(OH)2Cl; B) CrOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(CN)6]3− complex is А) [Co(CN)6] 3−]/[Co3+][CN−]6; B) [Co3+][CN−]/[[Co(CN)6] 3−]; C) [Co(CN)6] 3−]/[Co3+][6CN−]; D) [Co3+][CN−]6/[Co(CN)6] 3−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; B) [Fe(CN)6]3−; C) [Al(OH)4]−; D) [HgCl4]2−. Task 2 Determine the coordination geometry of [Ti(H2O)6]3+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d04s1; C) 3d24s2; D) 3d1. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 1; B) 4; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 3 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaaquatitanium(III) chloride is А) [Ti(H2O)4]Cl3; B) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl4; C) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl3; D) [Ti(H2O)4]Cl4. 2. The [Cr(OH)4]− complex is called А) tetrahydrochromium(I) ion; C) tetrahydrochromate(IV) ion;

B) tetrahydroxochromate(III) ion; D) tetrahydrochromium(III) ion.

3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) K[Cr(OH)4]; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Cr(OH)4]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +3; B) 1, +3; C) 4, −1; D) 4, −4. 5. In the K[Cr(OH)4] compound, the ligands are А) hydroxide ions; B) chromium ions; C) water molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction CrCl3 + KOHexcess → А) K3[Cr(OH)6]; B) KCl; C) Cr(OH)3; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Cr(OH) 4]− complex is А) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][OH−]4; B) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][4OH−]; 3+ − 4 − C) [Cr ][OH ] /[Cr(OH)4 ]; D) [Cr3+][OH−]/[Cr(OH)4−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Co(NH3)6]3+; B) [HgBr4]2−; C) [AuBr2]−; D) [CdI4]2−.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of [Cr(OH)6]3− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d3; 4 2 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d14s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 4 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium tetraiodohydrargyrate(II) is А) K3[HgI4]; B) K2[HgI4]; C) K2[HgI6]; D) Na2[HgI4]. 2. The [Zn(NH3)4]2+ complex is called А) diamminezincate(II) ion; B) tetraamminezinc(II) ion; C) tetraamminezincate(II) ion; D) diamminezinc(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a neutral complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) Na3[Co(CN)6]; C) K[Ag(NH3)2]; D) Na[Au(NH3)2]. 4. In the [Zn(NH3)4]2+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +4; B) 2, +2; C) 4, +4; D) 4, +2.

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5. In the [Zn(NH3)4](NO3)2 compound, the ligands are А) nitrate ions; B) ammonium cations; C) nitrite ions; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Al(OH)2Cl; B) AlOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(NCS)4]2− complex is А) [Co(NCS)42−]/[Co2+][NCS−]4; B) [Co2+][NCS−]/[Co(NCS)42−]; 2− 2+ − C) [Co(NCS)4 ]/[Co ][4NCS ]; D) [Co2+][NCS−]4/[Co(NCS)42−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Co(NH3)6]3+; B) [HgBr4]2−; C) [CdBr4]2−; D) [CdI4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the paramagnetic [NiCl4]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d64s2; 8 2 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d8. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 1; B) 4; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 5 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of tetraamminezinc(II) sulfate is А) [Zn(NH3)4]SO3; B) [Zn(NH3)4]SO4; C) [Zn(NH3)3]SO4; D) [Zn(NH3)6]SO4. 2. The [PbI4]2− complex is called А) tetraiodidelead(II) ion; C) tetraiodoplumbate(II) ion;

B) tetraiodolead(II) ion; D) tetraiodideplumbate(II) ion.

3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K3[FeF6]; C) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2; D) Na3[Co(CN)6]. 4. In the [PbI4]2− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +2; B) 2, +3; C) 4, −2; D) 4, −4. 5. In the K2[PbI4] compound, the ligands are А) iodide ions; B) lead ion; C) iodine molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction ZnSO4 + NaOHexcess → А) Na3[Zn(OH)6]; B) Na2SO4; C) Zn(OH)2; D) [Zn(H2O)6]SO4. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [PbI4]2− complex is А) [PbI42−]/[Pb2+][I−]4; B) [PbI42−]/[Pb2+][4I−]; 2+ − 2− C) [Pb ][I ]/[PbI4 ]; D) [Pb2+][I−]4/[PbI42−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [ZnBr4]2−; B) [Co(CN)6]3−; 3− C) [FeF6] ; D [Cd(NH3)4]2+.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Cu(NH3)2]+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex А) 4s1; B) 3d10; 10 1 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d94s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 6 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of sodium tetrahyroxozincate(II) is А) Na4[Zn(OH)6]; B) Na4[Zn(OH)4]; C) Na2[Zn(OH)4]; D) Na[Zn(OH)4]. 2. The [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex is called А) hexahydroxochromate(III) ion; B) hexahydroxochromium(III) ion; C) hexaaquachromate(III) ion; D) hexaaquachromium(III) ion. 3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) Na[Al(OH)4]; D) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2. 4. In the [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 3, +6; B) 3, +3; C) 6, +3; D) 6, −3.

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5. In the [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) hydroxide ions; C) chlorite ions; D) water molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Zn(OH)2 + HCl + Н2О → А) H2O; B) ZnOHCl; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Zn(H2O)4]Cl2. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex is А) [Co(NH3)63+]/[Co3+][NH3]6; B) [Co3+][NH3]6/[Co(NH3)63+]; 3+ 3+ C) [Co(NH3)6 ]/[Co ][6NH3]; D) [Co3+][NH3]/[Co(NH3)63+]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Zn(NH3)4]2+; B) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; C) [Al(OH)4]−; D) [CdBr4]2–. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Co(CN)6]3− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d6; B) 3d9; 7 C) 3d ; D) 3d74s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 7 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaamminenickel(II) nitrate is А) [Ni(NH3)6]NO3; B) [Ni(NH3)4](NO3)2; C) [Ni(NH3)4]NO3; D) [Ni(NH3)6](NO3)2. 2. The [CuCl2]− complex is called А) dichlorocopper(I) ion; C) dichlorocuprate(I) ion;

B) dichlorcuprate(I) ion; D) dichlorcopper(I) ion.

3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K[Cr(OH)4]; C) [Ag(NH3)2]Cl; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [CuCl2]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +2; C) 2, −1; D) 4, −1. 5. In the K[CuCl2] compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) copper ions; C) chlorine molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Cr2(SO4)3 + NaOHexcess → А) Na3[Cr(OH)6]; B) Na2SO4; C) Cr(OH)3; D) [Cr(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [CuCl2]− complex is А) [CuCl2−]/[Cu2+][Cl−]2; B) [CuCl2−]/[Cu+][Cl−]2; 2+ − 2 − C) [Cu ][Cl ] /[CuCl2 ]; D) [Cu+][Cl−]2/[CuCl2−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Ag(NH3)2]+; B) [Ni(CN)4]2−; − C) [Cr(OH)4] ; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [PtCl6]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 5d8; B) 5d6; 8 2 C) 5d 6s ; D) 5d64s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 8 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium tetrachlorocadmiate(II) is А) K4[CdCl6]; B) K4[CdCl4]; C) K2[CdCl4]; D) K[CdCl4]. 2. The [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is called А) tetraamminecadmiate(II) ion; B) hexaamminecadmium(II) ion; C) hexaamminecadmiate(II) ion; D) tetraamminecadmium(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a neutral complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) Na3[Co(CN)6]; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +6; B) 6, +2; C) 4, +2; D) 6, −4.

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5. In the [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) ammonium cations; C) chlorine molecules; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Сr(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) the reaction does not proceed; B) Cr(OH)2Cl; C) CrOHCl2; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is А) [Cd2+][NH3]/[Cd(NH3)42+]; B) [Cd2+][NH3]4/[Cd(NH3)42+]; 2+ 2+ C) [Cd(NH3)4 ]/[Cd ][4NH3]; D) [Cd(NH3)42+]/[Cd2+][NH3]4. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Zn(NH3)4]2+; B) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; C) [Co(CN)6]3−; D) [Ni(CN)4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Ni(CN)4]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d84s2; C) 3d8; D) 3d10. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 1; B) 3; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 9 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride is А) [Co(NH3)6]Сl3; B) [Co(NH3)4]Cl2; C) [Co(NH3)6]Cl; D) [Co(NH3)6]Cl2. 2. The [Ni(CN)4]2− complex is called А) tetracyanonickel(II) ion; C) tetracyanonickelate(IV) ion;

B) tetracyanonickelate(II) ion; D) tetranitronickelate(IV) ion.

3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)2]Cl; C) K[CuCl2]; D) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. 4. In the [Ni(CN)4]2− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +4; B) 4, +2; C) 2, −2; D) 4, −2. 5. In the K2[Ni(CN)4] compound, the ligands are А) cyanide ions; B) nickel ions; C) thiocyanate ions; D) potassium ions. 6 Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al2(SO4)3 + KOHexcess → А) K3[Al(OH)6]; B) K2SO4; C) Al(OH)3; D) [Al(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Ni(CN)4]2− complex is А) [Ni(CN)42−]/[Ni2+][CN−]; B) [Ni(CN)42−]/[Ni2+][CN−]4; 2+ − 2− C) [Ni ][CN ]/[Ni(CN)4 ]; D) [Ni2+][CN−]4/[Ni(CN)42−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [CuCl2]−; B) [Al(OH)4]−; + C) [Cu(NH3)2] ; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the paramagnetic [MnF6]2−complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d3; B) 3d5; 3 2 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d54s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 10 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) is А) K3[Fe(CN)6]; B) K3[Fe(NCS)6]; C) K4[Fe(CN)6]; D) K[Fe(NCS)4]. 2. The [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is called А) tetraamminecadmiat(II) ion; B) hexaamminecadmium(II) ion; C) hexaamminecadmiat(II) ion; D) tetraamminecadmium(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K[Cr(OH)4]; C) [Ag(NH3)2]Cl; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 3, +6; B) 3, +3; C) 6, +3; D) 6, −3.

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5. In the [Zn(NH3)4](NO3)2 compound, the ligands are А) nitrate ions; B) ammonium cations; C) nitrite ions; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction ZnSO4 + NaOHexcess → А) Na3[Zn(OH)6]; B) Na2SO4; C) Zn(OH)2; D) [Zn(H2O)6]SO4. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Cr(OH) 4]− complex is А) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][OH−]4; B) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][4OH−]; 3+ − 4 − C) [Cr ][OH ] /[Cr(OH)4 ]; D) [Cr3+][OH−]/[Cr(OH)4−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [CuCl2]−; B) [Al(OH)4]−; C) [Zn(NH3)4]2+; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Au(CN)4]− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 5d8; B) 5d9; 9 2 C) 5d 6s ; D) 5d86s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 11 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium tetrachlorocadmiate(II) is А) K4[CdCl6]; B) K4[CdCl4]; C) K2[CdCl4]; D) K[CdCl4]. 2. The [CuCl2]− complex is called А) dichlorocopper(I) ion; C) dichlorocuprate(I) ion;

B) dichlorcuprate(II) ion; D) dichlorcopper(II) ion.

3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) Na[Al(OH)4]; D) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2. 4. In the [PbI4]2− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +2; B) 2, +3; C) 4, −2; D) 4, −4. 5. In the K[Cr(OH)4] compound, the ligands are А) hydroxide ions; B) chromium ions; C) water molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Al(OH)2Cl; B) AlOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(CN) 6]3− complex is А) [Co(CN)6] 3−]/[Co3+][CN−]6; B) [Co3+][CN−]/[[Co(CN)6] 3−]; 3− 3+ − C) [Co(CN)6] ]/[Co ][6CN ]; D) [Co3+][CN−]6/[Co(CN)6] 3−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; B) [Fe(CN)6]3−; − C) [Al(OH)4] ; D) [HgCl4]2−.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d6; B) 3d3; 5 1 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d44s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear ; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 12 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaamminenickel(II) nitrate is А) [Ni(NH3)6]NO3; B) [Ni(NH3)4](NO3)2; C) [Ni(NH3)4]NO3; D) [Ni(NH3)6](NO3)2. 2. The [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex is called А) hexahydroxochromate(III) ion; B) hexahydroxochromium(III) ion; C) hexaaquachromate(III) ion; D) hexaaquachromium(III) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K3[FeF6]; C) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2; D) Na3[Co(CN)6]. 4. In the [Cr(OH)4]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +3; B) 1, +3; C) 4, −1; D) 4, −4.

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5. In the [Cd(NH3)4](NO3)2 compound, the ligands are А) nitrate ions; B) ammonium cations; C) nitrite ions; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Cr(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Cr(OH)2Cl; B) CrOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex is А) [Ag(NH3)2+]/[Ag+][NH3]2; B) [Ag+][NH3]/[Ag(NH3)2+]; + + C) [Ag ][2NH3]/[Ag(NH3)2 ]; D) [Ag+][NH3]2/[Ag(NH3)2+]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [CuCl2]−; B) [Al(OH)4]−; C) [Cu(NH3)2]+; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4d10; B) 4d9; C) 4d105s1; D) 4d95s2; 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 13 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of sodium tetrahydroxozincate(II) is А) Na4[Zn(OH)6]; B) Na4[Zn(OH)4]; C) Na2[Zn(OH)4]; D) Na[Zn(OH)4]. 2. The [PbI4]2− complex is called А) tetraiodolead(II) ion; C) tetraiodoplumbate(II) ion;

B) tetraiodidelead(II) ion; D) tetraiodideplumbate(II) ion.

3. The compound containing a neutral complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) Na3[Co(CN)6]; C) K[Ag(NH3)2]; D) Na[Au(NH3)2]. 4. In the [Cr(OH)4]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +3; B) 1, +3; C) 4, −1; D) 4, −4. 5. In the K3[Ag(S2O3)2] compound, the ligands are А) thiosulphate ions; B) silver ions; C) sulfide ions; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al2(SO4)3 + KOHexcess → А) Al(OH)3; B) K2SO4; C) K3[Al(OH)6]; D) [Al(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Ni(CN)4]2− complex is А) [Ni(CN)42−]/[Ni2+][CN−]; B) [Ni(CN)42−]/[Ni2+][CN−]4; 2+ − 2− C) [Ni ][CN ]/[Ni(CN)4 ]; D) [Ni2+][CN−]4/[Ni(CN)42−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Zn(NH3)4]2+; B) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; C) [Co(CN)6]3−; D) [Ni(CN)4]2−.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Co(CN)6]3− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d6 B) 3d9 7 C) 3d D) 3d74s2 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3 B) 6 C) 2 D) 0 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3 B) sp3 C) sp D) dsp2 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear B) square planar C) tetrahedral D) octahedral Variant 14 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of tetraamminezinc(II) sulfate is А) [Zn(NH3)4]SO3; B) [Zn(NH3)4]SO4; C) [Zn(NH3)3]SO4; D) [Zn(NH3)6]SO4. 2. The [Ni(NH3)6]2+ complex is called А) diamminenickelate(II) ion; B) hexaamminenickel(II) ion; C) hexaamminenickelate(II) ion; D) tetraamminenickel(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) K[Cr(OH)4]; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +1; C) 2, +3; D) 3, +1.

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5. In the [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) cobalt ions; C) water molecules; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al2(SO4)3 + KOHexcess → А) K3[Al(OH)6]; B) K2SO4; C) Al(OH)3; D) [Al(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is А) [Cd2+][NH3]/[Cd(NH3)42+]; B) [Cd2+][NH3]4/[Cd(NH3)42+]; 2+ 2+ C) [Cd(NH3)4 ]/[Cd ][4NH3]; D) [Cd(NH3)42+]/[Cd2+][NH3]4. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Ag(NH3)2]+; B) [Ni(CN)4]2−; C) [Cr(OH)4]−; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the paramagnetic [MnCl6]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d5; B) 3d7; C) 3d3; D) 3d54s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 15 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium tetraiodohydrargyrate(II) is А) K3[HgI4]; B) K2[HgI4]; C) K2[HgI6]; D) Na2[HgI4]. 2. The [Cr(OH)4]− complex is called А) tetrahydrochromium(I) ion; C) tetrahydrochromate(IV) ion;

B) tetrahydroxochromate(III) ion; D) tetrahydrochromium(III) ion.

3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3; C) [Ni(NH3)6]SO4; D) K3[FeF6]. 4. In the [Co(CN)6]3− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 3, +6; B) 6, +3; C) 6, −3; D) 3, −6. 5. In the K2[Ni(CN)4] compound, the ligands are А) cyanide ions; B) nickel ions; C) thiocyanate ions; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Сr(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) the reaction does not proceed; B) Cr(OH)2Cl; C) CrOHCl2; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [CuCl2]− complex is А) [CuCl2−]/[Cu2+][Cl−]2; B) [CuCl2−]/[Cu+][Cl−]2; 2+ − 2 − C) [Cu ][Cl ] /[CuCl2 ]; D) [Cu+][Cl−]2/[CuCl2−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Zn(NH3)4]2+; B) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; − C) [Al(OH)4] ; D) [CdBr4]2–.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Pt(NH3)4]2+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 6s2; B) 5d8; 8 2 C) 5d 6s ; D) 5d10. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 8; B) 10; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 16 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaaquatitanium(III) chloride is А) [Ti(H2O)4]Cl3; B) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl4; C) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl3; D) [Ti(H2O)4]Cl4. 2. The [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex is called А) diammineargentate(I) ion; B) diammineargentate(II) ion; C) diamminesilver(I) ion; D) diamminesilver(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K3[Fe(CN)6]; C) Na[Al(OH)4]; D) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2. 4. In the [Ni(CN)4]2− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +4; B) 4, +2; C) 2, −2; D) 4, −2.

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5. In the [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) ammonium ions; C) chlorine molecules; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Cr2(SO4)3 + NaOHexcess → А) Na3[Cr(OH)6]; B) Na2SO4; C) Cr(OH)3; D) [Cr(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex is А) [Co(NH3)63+]/[Co3+][NH3]6; B) [Co3+][NH3]6/[Co(NH3)63+]; 3+ 3+ C) [Co(NH3)6 ]/[Co ][6NH3]; D) [Co3+][NH3]/[Co(NH3)63+]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [ZnBr4]2−; B) [Co(CN)6]3−; C) [FeF6]3−; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the [Cr(OH)6]3−complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d3; 4 2 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d14s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear B) square planar C) tetrahedral D) octahedral

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Variant 17 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) is А) K3[Fe(CN)6]; B) K3[Fe(NCS)6]; C) K4[Fe(CN)6]; D) K[Fe(NCS)4]. 2. The [Co(CN)6]3− complex is called А) hexacyanocobaltate(III) ion; B) hexacyanocobaltate(II) ion; C) hexacyanocobalt(III) ion; D) hexacyanocobalt(II) ion. 3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cu(NH3)2]Cl; C) K[CuCl2]; D) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. 4. In the [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +6; B) 6, +2; C) 4, +2; D) 6, −4. 5. In the K[CuCl2] compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) copper ions; C) chlorine molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Zn(OH)2 + HCl + Н2О → А) H2O; B) ZnOHCl; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Zn(H2O)4]Cl2. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [PbI4]2− complex is А) [PbI42−]/[Pb2+][I−]4; B) [PbI42−]/[Pb2+][4I−]; 2+ − 2− C) [Pb ][I ]/[PbI4 ]; D) [Pb2+][I−]4/[PbI42−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Co(NH3)6]3+; B) [HgBr4]2−; 2− C) [CdBr4] ; D) [CdI4]2−.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Cu(NH3)2]+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s1; B) 3d10; 10 1 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d94s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 18 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of tetraamminezinc(II) chloride is А) [Zn(NH3)3]Cl2; B) [Zn(NH3)2]Cl; C) [Zn(NH3)4]Cl; D) [Zn(NH3)4]Cl2. 2. The [Ni(CN)4]2− complex is called А) tetracyanonickel(II) ion; C) tetracyanonickelate(IV) ion;

B) tetracyanonickelate(II) ion; D) tetracyanonickel(IV) ion.

3. The compound containing a neutral complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) Na3[Co(CN)6]; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [CuCl2]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +2; C) 2, −1; D) 4, −1.

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5. In the [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) hydroxide ions; C) chlorite ions; D) water molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction ZnSO4 + NaOHexcess → А) Na3[Zn(OH)6]; B) Na2SO4; C) Zn(OH)2; D) [Zn(H2O)6]SO4. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Ag(NCS)2]− complex is А) [Ag(NCS)2−]/[Ag+][NCS−]2; B) [Ag+][NCS−]/[Ag(NCS)2−]; − + − C) [Ag(NCS)2 ]/[Ag ][2NCS ]; D) [Ag+][NCS−]2/[Ag(NCS)2−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Co(NH3)6]3+; B) [HgBr4]2−; C) [ZnBr4]2−; D) [CdI4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [PtCl6]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 5d8; B) 5d6; C) 5d86s2; D) 5d64s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 19 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride is А) [Co(NH3)6]Сl3; B) [Co(NH3)4]Cl2; C) [Co(NH3)6]Cl; D) [Co(NH3)6]Cl2. 2. The [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is called А) tetraamminecadmiate(II) ion; B) hexaamminecadmium(II) ion; C) hexaamminecadmiate(II) ion; D) tetraamminecadmium(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K[Cr(OH)4]; C) [Ag(NH3)2]Cl; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 3, +6; B) 3, +3; C) 6, +3; D) 6, −3. 5. In the K2[PbI4] compound, the ligands are А) iodide ions; B) lead ions; C) iodine molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Al(OH)2Cl; B) AlOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Cr(OH) 4]− complex is А) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][OH−]4; B) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][4OH−]; 3+ − 4 − C) [Cr ][OH ] /[Cr(OH)4 ]; D) [Cr3+][OH−]/[Cr(OH)4−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; B) [Fe(CN)6]3−; − C) [Al(OH)4] ; D) [HgCl4]2−.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the paramagnetic [MnF6]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d3; B) 3d5; 3 2 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d54s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 20 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium tetrachlorocadmiate(II) is А) K4[CdCl6]; B) K4[CdCl4]; C) K2[CdCl4]; D) K[CdCl4]. 2. The [CuCl2]− complex is called А) dichlorocopper(I) ion; C) dichlorocuprate(I) ion;

B) dichlorocuprate(II) ion; D) dichlorocopper(II) ion.

3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) Na[Al(OH)4]; D) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2. 4. In the [PbI4]2− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +2; B) 2, +3; C) 4, −2; D) 4, −4.

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5. In the [Zn(NH3)4](NO3)2 compound, the ligands are А) nitrate ions; B) ammonium cations; C) nitrite ions; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction CrCl3 + KOHexcess → А) K3[Cr(OH)6]; B) KCl; C) Cr(OH)3; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(CN) 6]3− complex is А) [Co(CN)6] 3−]/[Co3+][CN−]6; B) [Co3+][CN−]/[[Co(CN)6] 3−]; 3− 3+ − C) [Co(CN)6] ]/[Co ][6CN ]; D) [Co3+][CN−]6/[Co(CN)6] 3−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; B) [Fe(CN)6]3−; C) [Al(OH)4]−; D) [HgCl4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d6; B) 3d3; 5 1 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d44s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 21 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaamminenickel(II) nitrate is А) [Ni(NH3)6]NO3; B) [Ni(NH3)4](NO3)2; C) [Ni(NH3)4]NO3; D) [Ni(NH3)6](NO3)2. 2. The [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex is called А) hexahydroxochromate(III) ion; B) hexahydroxochromium(III) ion; C) hexaaquachromate(III) ion; D) hexaaquachromium(III) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K3[FeF6]; C) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2; D) Na3[Co(CN)6]. 4. In the [Zn(NH3)4]2+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +4; B) 2, +2; C) 4, +4; D) 4, +2. 5. In the K[Cr(OH)4] compound, the ligands are А) hydroxed ions; B) chromium ions; C) water molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Cr(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Cr(OH)2Cl; B) CrOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex is А) [Ag(NH3)2+]/[Ag+][NH3]2; B) [Ag+][NH3]/[Ag(NH3)2+]; + + C) [Ag ][2NH3]/[Ag(NH3)2 ]; D) [Ag+][NH3]2/[Ag(NH3)2+]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [CuCl2]−; B) [Al(OH)4]−; + C) [Cu(NH3)2] ; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Co(CN)6]3− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d6; B) 3d9; 7 C) 3d ; D) 3d74s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 22 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of sodium tetrahydroxozincate(II) is А) Na4[Zn(OH)6]; B) Na4[Zn(OH)4]; C) Na2[Zn(OH)4]; D) Na[Zn(OH)4]. 2. The [PbI4]2− complex is called А) tetraiodolead(II) ion; C) tetraiodoplumbate(II) ion;

B) tetraiodoplumbate(IV) ion; D) tetraiodolead(IV) ion.

3. The compound containing a neutral complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) Na3[Co(CN)6]; C) K[Ag(NH3)2]; D) Na[Au(NH3)2]. 4. In the [Cr(OH)4]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +3; B) 1, +3; C) 4, −1; D) 4, −4.

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5. In the K3[Ag(S2O3)2] compound, the ligands are А) thiosulphate ions; B) silver ions; C) sulfide ions; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al2(SO4)3 + KOHexcess → А) Al(OH)3; B) K2SO4; C) K3[Al(OH)6]; D) [Al(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Ni(CN)4]2− complex is А) [Ni(CN)42−]/[Ni2+][CN−]; B) [Ni(CN)42−]/[Ni2+][CN−]4; 2+ − 2− C) [Ni ][CN ]/[Ni(CN)4 ]; D) [Ni2+][CN−]4/[Ni(CN)42−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Zn(NH3)4]2+; B) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; C) [Co(CN)6]3−; D) [Ni(CN)4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the [Ti(H2O)6]3+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d04s1; 2 2 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d1. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 1; B) 4; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 23 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of tetraamminezinc(II) sulfate is А) [Zn(NH3)4]SO3; B) [Zn(NH3)4]SO4; C) [Zn(NH3)3]SO4; D) [Zn(NH3)6]SO4. 2. The [Zn(H2O)4]2+ complex is called А) diaquazincate(II) ion; B) tetraaquazinc(II) ion; C) tetraaquazincate(II) ion; D) diaquazinc(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) K[Cr(OH)4]; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +1; C) 2, +3; D) 3, +1. 5. In the [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) cobalt ions; C) water molecules; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al2(SO4)3 + KOHexcess → А) K3[Al(OH)6]; B) K2SO4; C) Al(OH)3; D) [Al(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is А) [Cd2+][NH3]/[Cd(NH3)42+]; B) [Cd2+][NH3]4/[Cd(NH3)42+]; 2+ 2+ C) [Cd(NH3)4 ]/[Cd ][4NH3]; D) [Cd(NH3)42+]/[Cd2+][NH3]4. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Ag(NH3)2]+; B) [Ni(CN)4]2−; − C) [Cr(OH)4] ; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [PdCl 4]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d64s2; 8 2 C) 3d 4s ; D) 3d8. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 1; B) 4; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 24 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium tetraiodohydrargyrate(II) is А) K3[HgI4]; B) K2[HgI4]; C) K2[HgI6]; D) Na2[HgI4]. 2. The [Cr(OH)4]− complex is called А) tetrahydrochromium(I) ion; C) tetrahydroxochromate(IV) ion;

B) tetrahydroxochromate(III) ion; D) tetrahydrochromium(III) ion.

3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3; C) [Ni(NH3)6]SO4; D) K3[FeF6]. 4. In the [Co(CN)6]3− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 3, +6; B) 6, +3; C) 6, −3; D) 3, −6.

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5. In the K2[Ni(CN)4] compound, the ligands are А) cyanide ions; B) nickel ions; C) thiocyanate ions; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Сr(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) the reaction does not proceed; B) Cr(OH)2Cl; C) CrOHCl2; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [CuCl2]− complex is А) [CuCl2−]/[Cu2+][Cl−]2; B) [CuCl2−]/[Cu+][Cl−]2; 2+ − 2 − C) [Cu ][Cl ] /[CuCl2 ]; D) [Cu+][Cl−]2/[CuCl2−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Zn(NH3)4]2+; B) [Cd(NH3)4]2+; C) [Al(OH)4]−; D) [Co(NH3)6]3+. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the paramagnetic [MnCl6]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d5; B) 3d7; C) 3d3; D) 3d54s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 25 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaaquatitanium(III) chloride is А) [Ti(H2O)4]Cl3; B) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl4; C) [Ti(H2O)6]Cl3; D) [Ti(H2O)4]Cl4. 2. The [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex is called А) diammineargentate(I) ion; B) diammineargentate(II) ion; C) diamminesilver(I) ion; D) diamminesilver(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K3[Fe(CN)6]; C) Na[Al(OH)4]; D) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2. 4. In the [Ni(CN)4]2− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +4; B) 4, +2; C) 2, −2; D) 4, −2. 5. In the [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) ammonium cations; C) chlorine molecules; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Cr2(SO4)3 + NaOHexcess → А) Na3[Cr(OH)6]; B) Na2SO4; C) Cr(OH)3; D) [Cr(H2O)6]2(SO4)3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(NH3)6]2+ complex is А) [Co(NH3)62+]/[Co2+][NH3]6; B) [Co2+][NH3]6/[Co(NH3)62+]; 2+ 2+ C) [Co(NH3)6 ]/[Co ][6NH3]; D) [Co2+][NH3]/[Co(NH3)62+]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [ZnBr4]2−; B) [Co(CN)6]3−; 3− C) [FeF6] ; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Ni(CN)4]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d84s2; 8 C) 3d ; D) 3d10. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 1; B) 3; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2; 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 26 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) is А) K3[Fe(CN)6]; B) K3[Fe(NCS)6]; C) K4[Fe(CN)6]; D) K[Fe(NCS)4]. 2. The [Co(CN)6]3− complex is called А) hexacyanocobaltate(III) ion; B) hexacyanocobaltate(II) ion; C) hexacyanocobalt(III) ion; D) hexacyanocobalt(II) ion. 3. The compound containing an anionic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cu(NH3)2]Cl; C) K[CuCl2]; D) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. 4. In the [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 4, +6; B) 6, +2; C) 4, +2; D) 6, −4.

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5. In the K[CuCl2] compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) copper ions; C) chlorine molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Zn(OH)2 + HCl + Н2О → А) H2O; B) ZnOHCl; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Zn(H2O)4]Cl2. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [PbI4]2− complex is А) [PbI42−]/[Pb2+][I−]4; B) [PbI42−]/[Pb2+][4I−]; 2+ − 2− C) [Pb ][I ]/[PbI4 ]; D) [Pb2+][I−]4/[PbI42−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Co(NH3)6]3+; B) [HgBr4]2−; 2− C) [CdBr4] ; D) [CdI4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Au(CN)4]− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 5d8; B) 5d9; 9 2 C) 5d 6s ; D) 5d86s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 27 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of diamminecopper(II) chloride is А) [Cu(NH3)]Cl; B) [Cu(NH3)3]Cl; C) [Cu(NH3)4]Cl; D) [Cu(NH3)2]Cl. 2. The [Ni(CN)4]2− complex is called А) tetracyanonickel(II) ion; C) tetracyanonickelate(IV) ion;

B) tetracyanonickelate(II) ion; D) tetrachloronickel(IV) ion.

3. The compound containing a neutral complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) Na3[Co(CN)6]; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [CuCl2]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +2; C) 2, −1; D) 4, −1. 5. In the [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) hydroxed ions; C) chlorite ions; D) water molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction ZnSO4 + NaOHexcess → А) Na3[Zn(OH)6]; B) Na2SO4; C) Zn(OH)2; D) [Zn(H2O)6]SO4. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Co(CN)6]4− complex is А) [Co(CN)64−]/[Co2+][CN−]6; B) [Co2+][6CN−]/[Co(CN)64−]; 4− 2+ − C) [Co(CN)6 ]/[Co ][6CN ]; D) [Co2+][CN−]6/[Co(CN)64−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Co(NH3)6]3+; B) [HgBr4]2−; C) [CdBr4]2−; D) [CdI4]2−.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4d10; B) 4d9; 10 1 C) 4d 5s ; D) 4d95s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2; 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 28 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaamminecobalt(III) chloride is А) [Co(NH3)6]Сl3; B) [Co(NH3)4]Cl2; C) [Co(NH3)6]Cl; D) [Co(NH3)6]Cl2. 2. The [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is called А) tetraamminecadmiate(II) ion; B) hexaamminecadmium(II) ion; C) hexaamminecadmiate(II) ion; D) tetraamminecadmium(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K[Cr(OH)4]; C) [Ag(NH3)2]Cl; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Cr(H2O)6]3+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 3, +6; B) 3, +3; C) 6, +3; D) 6, −3.

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5. In the K2[PbI4] compound, the ligands are А) ioded ions; B) lead ions; C) iodine molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Al(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Al(OH)2Cl; B) AlOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Al(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Cr(OH) 4]− complex is А) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][OH−]4; B) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][4OH−]; 3+ − 4 − C) [Cr ][OH ] /[Cr(OH)4 ]; D) [Cr3+][OH−]/[Cr(OH)4−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the least stable complex is А) [Ni(NH3)6]2+; B) [Fe(CN)6]3−; C) [Al(OH)4]−; D) [HgCl4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the [MnCl6]2− complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 3d5; B) 3d7; 3 C) 3d ; D) 3d54s2. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 3; B) 6; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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Variant 29 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of hexaamminenickel(II) nitrate is А) [Ni(NH3)6]NO3; B) [Ni(NH3)4](NO3)2; C) [Ni(NH3)4]NO3; D) [Ni(NH3)6](NO3)2. 2. The [Cd(NH3)4]2+ complex is called А) tetraamminecadmiat(II) ion; B) hexaamminecadmium(II) ion; C) hexaamminecadmiat(II) ion; D) tetraamminecadmium(II) ion. 3. The compound containing a cationic complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) K3[Fe(CN)6]; C) Na[Al(OH)4]; D) [Co(H2O)6]Cl2. 4. In the [CuCl2]− complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +2; C) 2, −1; D) 4, −1. 5. In the K[Cr(OH)4] compound, the ligands are А) hydroxide ions; B) chromium ions; C) water molecules; D) potassium ions. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction CrCl3 + KOHexcess → А) K3[Cr(OH)6]; B) KCl; C) Cr(OH)3; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall stability constant of the [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex is А) [Co(NH3)63+]/[Co3+][NH3]6; B) [Co3+][NH3]6/[Co(NH3)63+]; 3+ 3+ C) [Co(NH3)6 ]/[Co ][6NH3]; D) [Co3+][NH3]/[Co(NH3)63+]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [ZnBr4]2−; B) [Co(CN)6]3−; 3− C) [FeF6] ; D) [Cd(NH3)4]2+.

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Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Pt(NH3)4]2+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 6s2; B) 5d8; 8 2 C) 5d 6s ; D) 5d10. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 8; B) 10; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral. Variant 30 Task 1 1. The chemical formula of tetraamminezinc(II) sulfate is А) [Zn(NH3)4]SO3; B) [Zn(NH3)4]SO4; C) [Zn(NH3)3]SO4; D) [Zn(NH3)6]SO4. 2. The [Ni(CN)4]2− complex is called А) tetracyanonickel(II) ion; C) tetracyanonickelate(IV) ion;

B) tetracyanonickelate(II) ion; D) tetracyanonickel(IV) ion.

3. The compound containing a neutral complex is А) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]; B) [Cd(NH3)4]Cl2; C) Na3[Co(CN)6]; D) Na2[Ni(CN)4]. 4. In the [Ag(NH3)2]+ complex, the coordination number and the charge of coordination center are equal to А) 2, +1; B) 1, +1; C) 2, +3; D) 3, +1.

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5. In the [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2 compound, the ligands are А) chloride ions; B) cobalt ions; C) water molecules; D) ammonia molecules. 6. Specify the products of the chemical reaction Cr(OH)3 + HCl + Н2О → А) Cr(OH)2Cl; B) CrOHCl2; C) the reaction does not proceed; D) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. 7. The expression for the overall instability constant of the [Cr(OH)4]− complex is А) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][OH−]4; B) [Cr(OH)4−]/[Cr3+][4OH−]; 3+ − 4 − C) [Cr ][OH ] /[Cr(OH)4 ]; D) [Cr3+][OH−]/[Cr(OH)4−]. 8. According to the values of the overall stability constants (see Appendix), the most stable complex is А) [Co(NH3)6]3+; B) [HgBr4]2−; C) [AuBr2]−; D) [CdI4]2−. Task 2. Determine the coordination geometry of the diamagnetic [Ti(H2O)6]3+ complex. 1. Specify the valence electron configuration of the coordination center in this complex. А) 4s2; B) 3d04s1; C) 3d24s2; D) 3d1;. 2. The number of unpaired electrons located on the coordination center is А) 1; B) 4; C) 2; D) 0. 3. The orbital hybridization type of the coordination center is А) d2sp3; B) sp3; C) sp; D) dsp2. 4. What is the coordination geometry of this complex? А) linear; B) square planar; C) tetrahedral; D) octahedral.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Akhmetov N. S. General and Inorganic chemistry / N. S. Akhmetov. – М.: Mir Publishers, 1983. – 671 p. 2. Akhmetov N. S. Problems and Laboratory Experiments in Inorganic Chemistry / N. S. Akhmetov, M. K. Azizova, L. I. Badygina. – М.: Mir Publishers, 1982. – 256 p. 3. Huheey J. E. Inorganic Chemistry: Principles of Structure and Reactivity / J. E. Huheey, E. A. Keiter, R. L. Keiter. – Harper and Row, N.Y.: 2001. 4. Cotton F. A. Basic Inorganic Chemistry / F. A. Cotton, G. Wilkinson, P. L. Gaus. – Wiley, New York, 1995. 5. Day C. Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry / C. Day, M. Selbin. – Van Nustrand Reinhold, 1969. 6. Lee J. D. Concise Inorganic Chemistry / J. D. Lee. – Chapman and Hall, 1996. 7. Shriver D. F. Inorganic Chemistry / D. F. Shriver, P. W. Atkins, C. H. Langford. – Oxford University Press, 1994.

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SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Dictionary cationic complex – катионный комплекс anionic complex – анионный комплекс neutral complex – нейтральный комплекс coordination number – координационное число the coordination center – комплексообразователь the overall instability constant – общая константа нестойкости the overall stability constant – общая константа устойчивости the orbital hybridization type – тип гибридизации орбиталей square planar – плоско-квадратная linear – линейная tetrahedral – тетраэдрическая octahedral – октаэдрическая

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The overall stability constants of some complex ions Кst 1.74 ∙ 107 1 ∙ 1027 3.63 ∙ 106 2.45 ∙ 104 1.99 ∙ 1035 7.25 ∙ 1010 1.07 ∙ 1012 1.02 ∙ 108 5.01 ∙ 108 1 ∙ 1021 5.01 ∙ 103 2.88 ∙ 1012 2.19 ∙ 107 1 ∙ 1033 2.63 ∙ 108 7.94 ∙ 1029 5.02 ∙ 1017 2.24 ∙ 105 6.76 ∙ 1029 3.1 ∙ 10−1 1.26 ∙ 1016 4.68 ∙ 1020 2.24 ∙ 105 1.66 ∙ 1015 5.01 ∙ 101 10−1 1 ∙ 1064 1.23 ∙ 1019 7.94 ∙ 1043 7.94 ∙ 1036 1 ∙ 1031

Complex ion [Ag(NH3)2]+ [Au(NH3)2]+ [Cd(NH3)4]2+ [Co(NH3)6]2+ [Co(NH3)6]3+ [Cu(NH3)2]+ [Cu(NH3)4]2+ [Ni(NH3)6]2+ [Zn(NH3)4]2+ [HgBr4]2− [CdBr4]2− [AuBr2]− [AgBr2]− [Al(OH)4]− [Cd(OH)4]2− [Cr(OH)4]− [Zn(OH)4]2− [CdI4]2− [HgI4]2− [ZnI4]2− [FeF6]3− [AlF6]3− [CuCl2]− [HgCl4]2− [CdCl4]2− [ZnCl4]2− [Co(CN)6]3− [Co(CN)6]4− [Fe(CN)6]3− [Fe(CN)6]4− [Ni(CN)4]2−

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COORDINATION COMPOUNDS. VALENCE BOND THEORY КОМПЛЕКСНЫЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ. ТЕОРИЯ ВАЛЕНТНЫХ СВЯЗЕЙ Contributors: Assoc. Prof. М. М. Petrova Prof. Е. М. Zueva Prof. А. М. Kuznetsov

Responsible for publishing T. Grishaeva

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Signed in print 25.09.2018 Sheet size 60×84 1/16 Offset paper Riso print 3,02 conv. pr. sh. 3,75 publ. sh. Edition 150 copies Order Kazan National Research Technological University Press Offset laboratory of Kazan National Research Technological University 420015, Kazan, Karl Marx street, 68

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