Cooperstown by the Numbers : An Analysis of Baseball Hall of Fame Elections [1 ed.] 9780786455621, 9780786447374

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Cooperstown by the Numbers

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Cooperstown by the Numbers An Analysis of Baseball Hall of Fame Elections JOHN J. MCCONNELL

McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers Jefferson, North Carolina, and London

LIBRARY

OF

CONGRESS CATALOGUING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA

McConnell, John J. Cooperstown by the numbers : an analysis of baseball Hall of Fame elections / John J. McConnell. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-0-7864-4737-4 softcover : 50# alkaline paper ¡. National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. 2. Baseball — United States — History. I. Title. GV863.A1M225 2010 796.357' 640973 — dc22 2010004380 British Library cataloguing data are available ©2010 John J. McConnell. All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Front cover ©2010 Shutterstock Manufactured in the United States of America

McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers Box 6¡¡, Je›erson, North Carolina 28640 www.mcfarlandpub.com

This study is dedicated to the memory of David Bradley, a true Renaissance man, a brilliant statistician and scholar, a patient co-worker and, most importantly, a good friend. At the time of his untimely death, he was working on an expanded statistical analysis of the Hall of Fame data, which sadly he was unable to complete and which could not be included in this volume. David left us far too soon.

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Table of Contents 1

Preface

PART I: A HISTORY

OF

HALL

OF

FAME VOTING

Introduction The 1930s The 1940s The 1950s The 1960s The 1970s The 1980s The 1990s The 2000s Summary The Veterans Committee: A Continuing Dilemma

3 4 8 20 29 41 57 70 82 93 94

PART II: HALL OF FAMERS— OTHER FACTORS AND OTHER AWARDS Introduction Where Did the Hall of Famers Play? Managers and the Hall of Fame Gold Glove Award and the Hall of Fame Summary of Gold Glove Award Winners by Position Cy Young Award and the Hall of Fame Rookie of the Year Award and the Hall of Fame Most Valuable Player Award and the Hall of Fame Status of the Top Ten Vote-Getters in Each Baseball Writers’ Association Election vii

101 101 104 107 114 115 117 120 124

viii

Table of Contents

Status of Non–Hall of Famers Who Ranked in the Top Ten The Sporting News All-Star Team Selections and the Hall of Fame The Longevity Factor The Longevity Factory Among Pitchers Ethnic Minorities in the Hall of Fame

PART III: ANALYSIS OF HALL PLAYERS BY POSITION

OF

FAME

Introduction Pitchers Catchers First Basemen Second Basemen Third Basemen Shortstops Outfielders Index

125 126 145 156 160

163 163 179 187 195 202 209 217 231

Preface The Baseball Hall of Fame has a long and storied history, mirroring the colorful history of the game itself. Between the Baseball Writers’ Association elections each year and the additions to the Hall of Fame of players from the earliest decades of baseball by the special Veterans Committee, the best players have generally been inducted into the Hall of Fame. However, to my knowledge, no detailed study has been conducted of the voting history for the players nominated for Hall of Fame induction, nor of the relationship between other measures of excellence in baseball, such as annual Most Valuable Player awards and Cy Young awards, and Hall of Fame membership. Over the years I have been intrigued by the furor that a Hall of Fame election can generate. Without fail a highly regarded player is overlooked, at least in the minds of some scribes. For years the (“Pee Wee”) Reese–(Phil “The Scooter”) Rizzuto controversy waged. If one can make it into the Hall of Fame, why not the other? Fortunately, that issue was finally resolved with Rizzuto’s election. Gil Hodges, during his tenure on the ballot, received the most total votes in history but has never been able to reach the magical 75 percent required by the Baseball Writers’ Association and the Veterans Committee. Conversely, several Veterans Committee inductees received scant or no attention on the Baseball Writers ballot. My background as an (amateur) baseball player, college baseball coach, sports fan, avid reader of numerous publications on the history of baseball, and visitor to the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown, New York, has led to a life-long fascination with the unique history, colorful characters, and mind-boggling statistics of America’s favorite sport. I long ago developed an interest in the process of selection for Hall of Fame inductees, wondering in particular whether the most-deserving players were being elected and what other factors may have influenced the voting. This book grew out of such questions, which persisted over the 30 years that I worked on it, part-time, as a labor of love. Part I is a straightforward history of Hall of Fame voting from the very first election, in 1936, through 2009. I have chronicled the status of every 1

2

Preface

player who received 10 percent of the vote and listed every player by position who ever received a single Hall of Fame vote. In addition, I analyzed the voting patterns of the Baseball Writers’ Association. The studies that make up Part II explore the relationship between awards (Most Valuable Player, Cy Young Gold Glove, Rookie of the Year) and special recognition (selection for The Sporting News All-Star team, for instance) and Hall of Fame election. Also included are analyses of managers in the Hall of Fame, the status of ethnic minorities, the playing longevity of Hall of Famers, and the franchises for which the Hall of Famers played. In Part III of this book, the voting history for each position is taken up. As in Part I, every player who has received a vote in a Baseball Writers’ Association of America election is covered. In addition, there is a yearly list of the players receiving the highest percentage of votes, a general analysis of the voting, rankings by year of those who achieved at least 10 percent of the vote, a yearly list of the number of players who received at least 10 percent of the vote, the number each year which were ultimately elected to the Hall of Fame via the Baseball Writers’ Association or the Veterans’ Committee, and the year that each non–Hall of Famer received at least 10 percent of the vote and conclusions drawn from the preceding data. A number of valuable and exhaustive statistical sources were utilized for the data compiled for this study. They include The Baseball Encyclopedia (Macmillan); Total Baseball, Sixth Edition (Total Sports), edited by John Thorn, Pete Palmer, Michael Gershman, and David Pietrusza; The Sporting News magazine, mainly the issues containing the annual All-Star Team selections as chosen by The Sporting News editorial team; and the websites Baseball-Reference.com and MLB.com. There has been no specific effort to call attention to oversights or inconsistencies among the voters. This is strictly the prerogative of the reader.

PART I: A HISTORY OF HALL OF FAME VOTING Introduction When the Baseball Writers’ Association of America elected Rickey Henderson and Jim Rice to the Baseball Hall of Fame in January 2009 it marked the sixty-fifth year of voting. Similarly, the Veterans Committee completed its fifty-seventh year of balloting in December 2008, when it inducted Joe Gordon. The Baseball Writers’ Association of America has voted for Hall of Fame candidates since the first election in 1936, although not in every year. Also, a committee variously referred to in its early years as the “Veterans Committee,” the “Hall of Fame Committee,” and the “Executive Committee,” has voted for candidates considered “old-timers” from the earlier years of baseball and for candidates retired for specified numbers of years, who had not been selected by the Baseball Writers. This committee has undergone numerous changes in the number and composition of its membership, and it has not met every year. However, it has been consistently named the “Veterans’ Committee” since 1953. In some of the earlier years of the Hall of Fame, elections were scheduled at intervals rather than annually. This explains the lack of elections in 1940, 1941, and 1943. Also, from 1956 to 1965 (except for 1962 and 1964) the Baseball Writers’ Committee and the Veterans Committee alternated in selecting candidates each year. The Baseball Writers have held elections every year since 1966. Since 2001, the Veterans Committee has met bi-annually rather than every year. Although eligibility regulations have changed somewhat over the years, a 75 percent majority vote has remained constant in both the Baseball Writers’ Association and Veterans’ Committee elections. To date 106 players have been inducted by the Baseball Writers and 93 by the Veterans’ Committee and its forerunners (the Hall of Fame Committee and the Executive Committee). The Baseball Writers’ Association is abbreviated as “BWA” and the Veteran’s Committee is abbreviated as “VC” in many of the tables that appear in this study. The rest of Part I contains a detailed chronology of the 3

4

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

year-by-year balloting, organized by decade. The results include all those who received at least 10 percent of the votes cast.

The 1930s 1936 In this first year of voting two separate elections were held. The Veterans’ Committee election was set up to consider players who performed before 1900, while the Baseball Writers’ Association dealt with 20th century players. Eligibility guidelines were unclear, which resulted in several active players (Hornsby, Cochrane and Gehrig) receiving votes in the Baseball Writers’ Association voting and eight players being considered on both ballots.

BASEBALL WRITERS’ ASSOCIATION ELECTION In the initial election 226 voters each cast ballots for a maximum of 10 players. Forty-seven different players received votes with five all-time greats achieving the mandatory 75 percent. Player Ty Cobb Babe Ruth Honus Wagner Christy Mathewson Walter Johnson Nap Lajoie Tris Speaker Cy Young Rogers Hornsby Mickey Cochrane George Sisler Eddie Collins Jimmy Collins Grover Alexander Lou Gehrig Roger Bresnahan Willie Keeler Rube Waddell

Percentage of Votes 98.2 95.1 95.1 90.7 83.6 64.6 58.8 49.1 46.5 35.4 34.1 26.5 25.7 24.3 22.6 20.8 17.7 14.6

Result Elected Elected Elected Elected Elected

All 18 of the players listed above eventually were elected to the Hall of Fame.

VETERANS COMMITTEE ELECTION A Veterans Committee of 78 voters cast ballots for 57 players with nobody coming close to the 75 percent required. Thirteen players garnered

1937

5

10 percent or more of the vote and all but Herman Long were ultimately elected to the Hall of Fame. Name Cap Anson Buck Ewing Willie Keeler Cy Young Ed Delahanty John McGraw

Playing Years 1876–1897 1880–1897 1892–1910 1890–1911 1888–1903 1891–1906

Percentage of Votes 51.3 51.3 42.3 41.0 28.2 21.8

Herman Long Hoss Radbourn King Kelly Amos Rusie Hughie Jennings Fred Clarke Jimmy Collins

1889–1904 1880–1891 1878–1893 1889–1901 1891–1918 1894–1915 1895–1908

20.5 20.5 19.2 15.4 14.1 11.5 10.3

Hall of Fame & Year Elected Executive Committee 1939 Executive Committee 1939 BWA 1939 BWA 1937 Hall of Fame Committee 1945 Executive Committee 1937 as a Manager Executive Committee 1939 Hall of Fame Committee 1945 Veterans Committee 1977 Hall of Fame Committee 1945 Hall of Fame Committee 1945 Hall of Fame Committee 1945

Honus Wagner received 6.4 percent of the votes while being elected by the Baseball Writers with 95.1 percent. Cy Young was the victim of a split vote netting 41.0 percent by the Veterans and 49.1 percent by the Baseball Writers. Willie Keeler also received support on both ballots as did Nap Lajoie.

1937 BASEBALL WRITERS’ ASSOCIATION ELECTION Lajoie, Speaker and Young who were sixth, seventh and eighth the previous year moved up into the top three spots and gained election. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .22 Number of players in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . 21 Number of players who received 10 percent on previous ballot . . . 11 Number of players elected to Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Player Lajoie Speaker Young Alexander E. Collins Keeler Sisler

Percentage of Votes 83.6 82.1 76.1 62.2 57.2 57.2 52.7

Result Elected Elected Elected

6

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Ed Delahanty Waddell J. Collins Ed Walsh Hornsby Frank Chance Johnny Evers Bresnahan John McGraw

Percentage of Votes 34.8 33.3 32.8 27.9 26.4 24.4 21.9 21.4 17.4

Mordecai Brown Rabbit Maranville Ray Schalk Eddie Plank Fred Clarke Johnny Kling

Result

Elected by Executive Committee as a Manager

15.4 12.4 11.9 11.4 10.9 10.0

The only player on the list who failed to eventually make the Hall of Fame was Johnny Kling.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE No players were selected but managers John McGraw and Connie Mack, and pioneer/executives Morgan G. Bulkeley, Ban Johnson and George Wright were selected. McGraw also received 17.4 percent of the votes in the Baseball Writers Association election; based on his credentials as a player he might well have qualified in that category. He also received 21.8 percent of the vote in the 1936 Veterans Election which ranked sixth.

1938 BASEBALL WRITERS’ ASSOCIATION ELECTION Only Grover Cleveland Alexander acquired enough votes for election and continued the three-year pattern by moving up from fourth to first in the balloting. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .23 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 17 Number of players elected to Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Player Alexander Sisler Keeler

Percentage of Votes 80.9 68.3 67.6

Result Elected

1939 Player E. Collins Waddell Chance Delahanty Walsh Evers J. Collins Maranville Bresnahan Clarke Brown Miller Huggins Hornsby Schalk Ross Youngs Plank Herb Pennock Joe McGinnity Chief Bender Frank Baker

Percentage of Votes 66.8 56.5 50.8 50.4 42.0 34.7 30.2 27.9 25.6 24.0 20.6 18.3 17.6 17.2 15.3 14.5 14.1 13.7 12.6 12.2

7 Result

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE The Committee failed to elect any players. The only selections were executive Alexander Cartwright and writer-statistician Henry Chadwick.

1939 BASEBALL WRITERS’ ASSOCIATION ELECTION The voting became more widely distributed with 27 individuals receiving 10 percent or more of the votes. With twenty-one carry-overs from the previous year a consistent voting pattern was emerging. Once again the players who occupied the second, third and fourth slots in the previous election were the ones to be inducted this year. In December of 1939, Lou Gehrig was elected by acclamation of the Baseball Writers at their annual meeting. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .27 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 21 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 4 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Player Sisler E. Collins

Percentage of Votes 85.8 77.7

Result Elected Elected

8

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Percentage of Votes Keeler 75.5 Waddell 65.3 Hornsby 64.2 Chance 57.7 Delahanty 52.9 Walsh 48.2 Evers 39.1 Huggins 35.4 Maranville 29.9 J. Collins 26.3 Bresnahan 24.5 Clarke 21.5 Brown 19.7 Wilbert Robinson 16.8 Pennock 14.6 Bender 14.6 Schalk 12.8 Hugh Duffy 12.4 Youngs 12.4 Hughie Jennings 12.0 McGinnity 11.7 Baker 10.9 Mickey Cochrane 10.2 Plank 10.2 Addie Joss 10.2

Result Elected

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE A top level trio consisting of Commissioner Kenesaw Mountain Landis and League Presidents Ford Frick and William Harridge selected Charles Comiskey, Candy Cummings and A. G. Spalding in the Pioneer/Executive category. In addition, three of the top vote-getters in the 1936 Veterans Election were selected. Cap Anson and Buck Ewing who had each garnered 51.3 percent to tie for the top spot and Hoss Radbourn with 20.5 percent of the vote were selected for Hall of Fame induction.

The 1940s 1942 Only the Baseball Writers held an election in 1942. While fewer players were receiving votes, there was a more widespread distribution with only Rogers Hornsby moving up from the fifth spot in the last election to achieve Hall of Fame status.

9

1944, 1945 Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .29 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 23 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Player Hornsby Chance Waddell Walsh Huggins Delahanty Evers Robinson Cochrane Frankie Frisch Duffy Pennock Clark Griffith J. Collins Maranville Jennings Brown Plank McGinnity Clarke Bresnahan Bender Schalk Youngs Baker Dazzy Vance Joe Tinker Bill Terry Joss

Percentage of Votes 78.1 58.4 54.1 48.5 47.6 44.6 39.1 38.2 37.8 36.1 33.1 30.9 30.5 29.2 28.3 27.5 27.0 27.0 25.3 24.9 24.5 23.6 22.7 18.9 16.7 15.9 15.5 15.5 14.2

Result Elected

1944 The three-man committee selected Commissioner Landis to the Hall of Fame in the Executive category.

1945 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION This marked the first year in which none of the candidates could achieve the required 75 percent for election. Chance, Waddell and Walsh occupied the top three spots, each moving up one place from 1942.

10

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .27 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 23 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 0 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Player Chance Waddell Walsh Evers Bresnahan Huggins Cochrane J. Collins Delahanty Griffith Frisch Jennings Robinson Pie Traynor Duffy Clarke Maranville Tinker Brown Herb Pennock McGinnity Bender Schalk Plank Bill Terry Lefty Grove Baker

Percentage of Votes Result 72.5 62.3 55.5 54.3 53.8 Elected by Hall of Fame 53.8 50.6 49.0 Elected by Hall of Fame 44.9 Elected by Hall of Fame 43.7 40.9 37.2 Elected by Hall of Fame 32.8 Elected by Hall of Fame Manager, 1945 32.8 25.9 Elected by Hall of Fame 21.5 Elected by Hall of Fame 20.6 19.8 18.6 18.2 17.8 16.2 13.4 13.4 13.0 11.3 10.5

HALL

OF

Committee, 1945 Committee, 1945 Committee, 1945 Committee, 1945 Committee as a Committee, 1945 Committee, 1945

FAME COMMITTEE

A six-member committee selected nine “veteran” players and one manager who had performed between the years of 1876 and 1915. This action helped to reduce the numbers which were causing the widespread dispersion in the voting in the Baseball Writers poll. The following were elected: Ed Delahanty Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Percentage of Votes 28.2

Results of Baseball Writers Association Voting:

Rank 5th 1st

11

1945 Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 7.1 34.8 50.4 52.9 44.6 44.9

King Kelly Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Rank 8th 7th 7th 6th 9th

Percentage of Votes 19.2

Rank 9th 3rd

He did not receive any votes in Baseball Writers Association elections between 1936 and 1945, possibly because his career ended in 1893 and was less well known by many of the voters. Hughie Jennings Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Percentage of Votes 14.1

Rank 11th 5th

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 0.0 2.0 8.8 12.0 27.5 37.2

Fred Clarke Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Rank

21st 16th 12th

Percentage of Votes 11.5

Rank 12th 6th

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 0.4 10.9 24.0 21.5 24.9 21.5

Jimmy Collins Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Rank 20th 13th 14th 20th 16th

Percentage of Votes 10.3

Rank 13th 7th

12

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 25.7 32.8 30.2 26.3 29.2 49.0

Hugh Duffy Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Rank 13th 10th 10th 12th 14th 8th

Percentage of Votes 5.1

Rank 22nd (tie) 13th

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 3.5 9.2 12.4 33.1 25.9

Dan Brouthers Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Rank

20th (tie) 11th 15th

Percentage of Votes 2.6

Rank 28th 18th (tie)

Brouthers did not receive votes in any of the Baseball Writers Association elections. Roger Bresnahan: Bresnahan was not considered in the Veterans Election of 1936 but received support in the Baseball Writers Association elections as follows: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 20.8 21.4 25.6 24.5 24.5 53.8

Rank 16th 15th 12th 13th 21st 5th

Jim O’Rourke: O’Rourke has the unique distinction of never having received votes in the only Veterans Election or any of the five Baseball Writers Association elections held prior to his nomination. Wilbert Robinson: The other 1945 nominee, Wilbert Robinson, was elected as a manager. He received strong support in the 1942 and 1945 Base-

13

1946

ball Writers Association balloting as well as 7.7 percent of the vote in the 1936 Veterans Election. Veterans Election 1936 Rank in 1945

Percentage of Vote 7.7

Rank 14th (tie) 7th (tie)

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 2.5 6.5 16.8 38.2 32.8

Rank

16th 8th 13th (tie)

1946 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION This was the first year in which a run-off election was held. The twenty top vote-getters (including ties) were involved in a second ballot but nobody succeeded in acquiring the magic 75 percent figure. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 (263 in run-off) Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .28 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 20 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 0 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

Name Chance Evers Huggins Waddell Walsh Frisch Carl Hubbell Cochrane Griffith Grove Traynor Brown Tinker

Percentage of Votes 71.3 64.4 63.9 60.4 56.9 51.5 50.0 39.6 36.1

Percentage of Votes in Run Off 57.0 41.8 40.3 33.1 40.3 25.5 28.5 24.7 31.2

35.1 32.2 27.7 27.2

23.2 20.2 18.3 17.1

Result Elected by Hall of Fame Committee, 1946 Elected by Hall of Fame Committee, 1946 Elected by Hall of Fame Committee, 1946 Elected by Hall of Fame Committee, 1946

Elected by Hall of Fame Committee as an Executive, 1946

Elected by Hall of Fame Committee, 1946

14

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Percentage Name of Votes McGinnity 26.2 Maranville 24.8 Charlie Gehringer 21.3 Pennock 20.3 Bill Dickey 19.8 Dizzy Dean 19.8 Bender 19.3 Baker 19.3 Schalk 17.8 Plank 16.8 Dazzy Vance 15.3 Terry 15.3 Jimmy Foxx 12.9 Ross Youngs 12.4 Harry Heilmann 11.4

Percentage of Votes in Run Off Result 17.9 Elected by Hall of Fame Committee, 1946 11.0 8.7 6.1 12.1 17.1 13.3 13.7 — — Elected by Hall of Fame Committee, 1946 — — — — —

HALL

OF

FAME COMMITTEE

Ten players were selected by the six-member committee following the unsuccessful Baseball Writers Association election. Those receiving the first, second, fourth and fifth amount of votes in the Baseball Writers Association balloting were selected. Miller Huggins, third in the voting, was elected in 1964 as a manager. He won six pennants in his managerial career but his playing statistics would scarcely qualify him as a Hall of Fame candidate as a second baseman. Clark Griffith, a 240-game winner, was also selected as an executive although his pitching credentials were impressive. Over the years there have been questions raised about the selection of the Tinker to Evers to Chance combination, but it should be pointed out that the latter two ranked first and second in the Baseball Writers Association voting. The backgrounds of those elected: Frank Chance—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 2.2 24.4 50.8 57.7 58.4 72.5 71.3 57.0

Rank 13th 6th 6th 2nd 1st 1st 1st

Johnny Evers—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election

15

1946

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 2.7 21.9 34.7 39.1 39.1 54.3 64.4 41.8

Rank 14th 9th 9th 7th 4th 2nd 2nd

Rube Waddell—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 14.6 33.3 56.5 65.3 54.1 62.3 60.4 33.1

Rank 18th 9th 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 4th 5th

Ed Walsh—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 8.8 27.9 42.0 48.2 48.5 55.5 56.9 40.3

Rank 11th 8th 8th 4th 3rd 5th 3rd (tie)

Joe Tinker—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 7.5 6.1 4.4 15.5 19.8 27.2 17.1

Rank

27th (tie) 18th 13th 14th (tie)

16

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Joe McGinnity—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 6.0 13.7 11.7 25.3 17.8 26.2 17.9

Rank 21st 23rd 19th 21st 14th 13th

Eddie Plank—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off Jesse Burkett Veterans Election, 1936 Rank in 1946

Percentage of Votes 11.4 14.5 10.2 27.0 13.4 16.8 no votes

Rank 20th 19th 25th (tie) 17th (tie) 23rd (tie) 23rd

Percentage of Votes 1.3

Rank 35th (tie) 17th (tie)

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 Tommy McCarthy Veterans Election, 1936 Rank in 1946

Percentage of Votes 0.5 0.8 0.0 1.7 0.8 1.0 Percentage of Votes 1.3

Rank

Rank 35th (tie) 17th (tie)

No votes received in Baseball Writers Association elections Jack Chesbro—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting:

17

1947 Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946

Percentage of Votes 0.5 0.8 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.5

Rank

Clark Griffith—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 2.0 3.8 7.3 30.5 43.7 36.1 31.2

Rank

13th 10th 9th 6th

To date the forerunner of the Veterans Committee had inducted 22 players into the Hall of Fame.

1947 The Baseball Writers’ Election placed four players in the Hall of Fame, the first ones elected since 1942. Again, the top eligibles from the previous year moved up into the highest spots. This was the first year that the voting was intended for players only. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .21 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 16 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 4 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Player Hubbell Frisch Cochrane Grove Traynor Gehringer Maranville Dean Pennock

Percentage of Votes 87.0 84.5 79.5 76.4 73.9 65.2 56.5 54.7 53.4

Result Elected Elected Elected Elected

18

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Bender Heilman Vance Schalk Baker Terry Zack Wheat Youngs Joe Wood Edd Roush Babe Adams Rube Marquard

Percentage of Votes 44.7 40.4 31.1 31.1 30.4 28.6 23.0 22.4 18.0 15.5 13.7 11.2

Result

1948 Pie Traynor, who had finished fifth and just out of the money in the previous election, moved up to second position this time. Herb Pennock made the jump from ninth to first. Both barely exceeded the 75 percent requirement. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .21 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 12 Number of players elected to Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Player Pennock Traynor Al Simmons Gehringer Terry Paul Waner Jimmy Foxx Dean Heilmann Bill Dickey Maranville Gabby Hartnett Joe Cronin Vance Schalk Tony Lazzeri Youngs Roush Lefty Gomez Wheat Ted Lyons

Percentage of Votes 77.7 76.9 49.6 43.0 43.0 42.1 41.3 33.1 33.1 32.2 31.4 27.3 20.7 19.0 18.2 17.4 15.7 14.0 13.2 12.4 12.4

Result Elected Elected

19

1949

1949 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION With nobody able to garner 75 percent of the votes, the second runoff was held which included the top 20 vote getters. Charlie Gehringer was the only selection holding off the challenge of Mel Ott who was in his first year of eligibility. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153 (187 in run-off) Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .22 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 17 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

Player Gehringer Mel Ott Simmons Dean Foxx Terry P. Waner Hank Greenberg Dickey Heilmann Maranville Hartnett Vance Cronin Lyons Jimmie Wilson Schalk Red Ruffing Lazzeri Youngs Gomez Pepper Martin

HALL

Percentage of Votes 66.7 61.4 58.2 57.5 55.6 52.9 43.8 43.8 42.5 38.6 37.9 22.9 21.6 21.6 19.0 15.7 15.7 14.4 13.1 13.1 11.1 10.5 OF

Percentage of Votes in Run-Off 85.0 68.4 40.6 43.3 47.6 25.7 33.7 23.5 20.9 27.8 20.9 3.7 8.0 8.6 7.5 6.4 9.1 2.1 3.2 5.9 — —

Result Elected

FAME COMMITTEE

Two pitchers were selected. Kid Nichols, a 361-game winner, and Mordecai Brown, who notched 239 career victories, were enshrined. Kid Nichols Veterans Election, 1936 Rank in 1949

Percentage of Votes 3.5

Rank 24th (tie) 7th (tie)

20

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Results of Baseball Writers Association balloting: Year 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946

Percentage of Votes 1.1 2.6 2.1 2.0 0.5

Rank

Mordecai Brown—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association balloting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 2.7 15.4 20.6 19.7 27.0 18.6 27.7 18.3

Rank 17th 14th 15th 17th (tie) 19th 12th 12th

The 1950s 1950 With almost the same cast of characters as in 1949, no one could harness enough support for election. While moving from second to the top slot, Ott fell short by 6.1 percent of the vote. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .18 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 17 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 0 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Player Ott Terry Foxx P. Waner Simmons Heilmann Dean Dickey Maranville

Percentage of Votes 68.9 62.9 61.7 56.9 53.9 52.1 50.9 46.7 39.5

Result

21

1951 Player Greenberg Hartnett Vance Lyons Cronin Lazzeri Gomez Zack Wheat Youngs

Percentage of Votes 38.3 32.3 31.1 25.1 19.8 12.6 10.8 10.2 10.2

Result

1951 Mel Ott repeated his first place finish of the previous year but this time acquired enough votes for election. Jimmy Foxx moved up a notch from third to second place to also gain admission. At the time of their election, Foxx was second on the all-time home run list with 534 and Ott third with 511. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .21 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 17 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Player Ott Foxx P. Waner Heilmann Terry Dean Dickey Simmons Maranville Lyons Vance Greenberg Hartnett Cronin Ray Schalk Chief Bender Youngs Max Carey Lazzeri Hank Gowdy Gomez

Percentage of Votes 87.2 79.2 71.7 67.7 65.5 64.2 52.2 51.3 48.7 31.4 31.0 29.6 25.2 19.5 16.4 15.5 15.0 11.9 11.9 11.5 10.2

Result Elected Elected

22

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

1952 Paul Waner and Harry Heilmann moved up from third and fourth place in 1951 into the top two positions to gain election. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .23 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 17 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Player Heilmann P. Waner Terry Dean Simmons Dickey Maranville Vance Lyons Hartnett Greenberg Bender Cronin Schalk Carey Youngs Gowdy Martin Wheat Gomez Lazzeri Casey Stengel Roush

Percentage of Votes 86.8 83.3 66.2 65.0 60.3 59.4 56.8 44.9 43.2 32.9 32.1 29.9 20.5 18.8 15.4 14.5 14.5 13.2 12.8 12.4 12.4 11.5 10.3

Result Elected Elected

1953 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION The players who occupied the third through ninth spots in 1952 moved up to take over the top seven positions in 1953. This showed a continuation of a pattern of consistency among the voters. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .23

23

1953 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 21 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Player Dean Simmons Terry Dickey Maranville Vance Lyons Joe DiMaggio Bender

Percentage of Votes 79.2 75.4 72.3 67.8 62.1 56.8 52.7 44.3 39.4

Hartnett Greenberg Cronin Stengel Gowdy Carey Schalk Martin Hack Wilson Gomez Wheat Roush Youngs Lazzeri

39.4 38.5 26.1 23.1 22.0 20.8 19.7 16.3 16.3 13.3 12.1 12.1 11.7 10.6

Result Elected Elected

Elected by Veterans’ Committee, 1953

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE In July of 1953 an eleven-member Veterans’ Committee was established which considered players who had been retired 25 years or more. The two receiving the required 75 percent vote were Chief Bender and Bobby Wallace. Chief Bender—no votes in the 1936 Veterans Election Results of Baseball Writers Association balloting: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off 1947 1948

Percentage of Votes 0.9 8.5 12.6 14.6 23.6 16.2 19.3 13.3 44.7 4.1

Rank

22nd 18th 22nd 22nd 20th (tie) 17th 10th

24

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Year 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953

Percentage of Votes 1.3 0.0 3.6 15.5 29.9 39.4

Bobby Wallace Veterans Election, 1936 Rank in 1953

Rank

16th 12th 9th (tie)

Percentage of Votes 1.3

Rank 35th (tie) 15th (tie)

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

Percentage of Votes 0.5 2.7 1.8 0.9 1.2

Rank

1954 Terry, Dickey and Maranville, who finished third, fourth and fifth behind last year’s two inductees, moved into the top three positions and achieved the required percentage of votes for election. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .19 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . 18 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Player Maranville Dickey Terry J. DiMaggio Lyons Vance Hartnett Greenberg Cronin Carey Schalk Roush Gowdy

Percentage of Votes 82.9 80.2 77.4 69.4 67.5 62.7 59.9 38.5 33.7 21.8 21.4 20.6 20.2

Result Elected Elected Elected

25

1955 Player H. Wilson Gomez Youngs Wheat Lazzeri Red Ruffing

Percentage of Votes 19.0 15.1 13.5 13.1 11.9 11.5

Result

1955 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION The first twelve places in this election were occupied by the same players who finished fourth through fifteenth in the previous year’s election, again a testimonial to the remarkable consistency shown by the Baseball Writers’ Association. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .25 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 16 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 4 Cumulative Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Player J. DiMaggio Lyons Vance Hartnett Greenberg Cronin Carey Schalk Roush Gowdy H. Wilson Gomez Lazzeri Ruffing Wheat Youngs Rube Marquard Kiki Cuyler Duffy Lewis Waite Hoyt Sam Rice Red Faber Jim Bottomley

Percentage of Votes 88.8 86.5 81.7 77.7 62.5 53.8 47.4 45.0 38.6 35.9 32.3 28.3 26.3 23.9 20.3 19.1 13.9 13.9 13.5 13.1 11.2 10.8 10.4

Result Elected Elected Elected Elected

Elected by Veterans’ Committee, 1955

26

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Chuck Klein Dickie Kerr

Percentage of Votes 10.0 10.0

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Ray Schalk and Frank “Home Run” Baker were elected after receiving Baseball Writers Association support since the initial 1936 balloting. Schalk received votes in sixteen consecutive elections as follows: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off 1947 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955

Percentage of Votes 1.8 11.9 17.2 12.8 22.7 13.4 17.8 0.0 31.1 18.2 15.7 9.1 9.6 16.4 18.8 19.7 21.4 45.0

Rank 19th 17th 19th 23rd 23rd 22nd 12th (tie) 15th 16th (tie) 12th 15th 14th 16th 11th 8th

Baker had limited support in eleven elections peaking in 1947 and then tailing off markedly, as shown in the following table: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off 1947 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951

Percentage of Votes 0.4 6.5 12.2 10.9 16.7 10.5 19.3 13.7 30.4 3.3 0.0 0.0 2.4 3.5

Rank

23rd 24th 25th 27th 20th (tie) 16th 14th

27

1956, 1957

1956 Only the Baseball Writers voted in 1956. Once again, the “on deck” syndrome was repeated with Greenberg and Cronin moving up from fifth and sixth in the previous election to gain Hall of Fame entrance. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 16 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Player Greenberg Cronin Ruffing Roush Gomez H. Wilson Carey Lazzeri Cuyler Gowdy Rice Klein Bottomley Hoyt Faber Joe Medwick Eppa Rixey Wheat Goose Goslin Burleigh Grimes

Percentage of Votes 85.0 78.8 50.3 47.2 46.1 38.3 33.7 33.2 28.5 25.4 23.3 22.8 21.8 19.2 17.6 16.1 14.0 13.5 13.5 13.0

Result Elected Elected

1957 The Veterans’ Committee elected Sam Crawford, an outfielder, who despite imposing credentials had garnered little voting support from the Baseball Writers Association. Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946

Percentage of Votes 0.4 2.5 4.2 2.2 0.9 1.6 4.5

Rank

28

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

1958 The Baseball Writers Association failed to elect a candidate in the widest dispersion of votes to date. Max Carey led the list with only 51.1 percent of the votes. Eleven players received 10 percent of the vote in their first time on the ballot. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .28 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 16 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 0 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Player Percentage of Votes Carey 51.1 Roush 42.1 Ruffing 37.2 H. Wilson 35.3 Cuyler 33.8 Rice 33.8 Lazzeri 30.1 Luke Appling 28.9 Gomez 28.6 Grimes 26.7 Faber 25.6 Lou Boudreau 24.1 Bottomley 21.4 Medwick 18.8 Martin 17.3 Gowdy 16.9 Bucky Harris 16.9 Dave Bancroft 16.2 Lloyd Waner 14.7 Hoyt 13.9 Klein 13.5 Johnny Vander Meer 13.2 Stan Coveleski 12.8 Earle Combs 12.8 Al Lopez 12.6 Bucky Walters 12.4 Rixey 12.0 Lefty O’Doul 10.2

Result

1959 Zack Wheat with 2,884 hits and a .317 batting average compiled over 19 seasons was the sole selection of the Veterans’ Committee. He received

29

1960

little support for 6 years and for the next 10 years ranged between 8.4 percent and 23.0 percent of the vote. Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off 1947 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956

Percentage of Votes 2.5 2.7 1.5 1.3 0.8 3.0 0.0 23.0 12.4 9.8 0.0 10.2 8.4 12.8 12.1 13.1 20.3 13.5

Rank

16th 20th (tie) 17th (tie) 19th 20th (tie) 17th 15th 18th

The 1960s 1960 History repeated itself with the same number of players as in 1958 getting at least 10 percent but nobody coming close to the required 75 percent. Max Carey who led in 1958 was dropped from the ballot in 1960 and replaced by Edd Roush who had finished behind Carey in 1958. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .131 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the vote . . . . . .28 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 23 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 0 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Player Roush Rice Rixey Grimes Bottomley Ruffing Faber Appling

Percentage of Votes 54.3 53.2 52.8 34.2 33.1 32.0 30.9 26.8

Result

30

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Cuyler H. Wilson Lazzeri Gomez O’Doul Johnny Mize Combs Gowdy Medwick Klein Marty Marion Boudreau Vander Meer Harris Bancroft Goose Goslin Martin Chick Hafey Hoyt Jimmy Dykes

Percentage of Votes 26.8 26.8 21.9 19.0 16.7 16.7 16.0 14.1 14.1 13.8 13.8 13.0 11.5 11.5 11.2 11.2 10.8 10.8 10.8 10.0

Result

1961 Of the two players selected by the Veterans’ Committee, Max Carey seemed an obvious choice because of his high placement in previous Baseball Writers Association balloting. Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958

Percentage of Votes 3.0 2.3 2.6 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 7.4 7.8 8.4 11.9 15.4 20.8 21.8 47.4 33.7 51.1

Rank

18th (tie) 15th 15th 10th 7th 7th 1st

Billy Hamilton, a bona-fide old-timer (1888–1901), received scant voter support.

31

1962 Percentage of Vote 2.6

1936 Veterans Election Rank in 1961

Rank 28th (tie) 10th (tie)

Results of Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1942

Percentage of Votes 0.4

1962 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION When Bob Feller and Jackie Robinson were elected it marked the first time, since the original 1936 ballot, that players were inducted in their first year of eligibility. Feller, at the time, was third on the all-time strikeout list behind Walter Johnson and Cy Young. The dynamic Robinson, besides breaking the color barrier in 1947 as a 28-year-old rookie, packed a remarkable career into 10 years. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .17 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 *Feller and Robinson not eligible in 1960

Player Bob Feller Jackie Robinson Rice Ruffing Rixey Appling Phil Rizzuto Grimes Wilson Medwick Cuyler Faber Gomez Bottomley Klein Hoyt Marion

Percentage of Votes 93.8 77.5 50.6 45.0 30.6 30.0 27.5 26.9 24.4 21.3 19.4 18.8 12.5 12.5 11.3 11.3 10.0

Result Elected Elected Elected by Veterans’ Committee in 1963 Elected by Veterans’ Committee in 1963

32

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Edd Roush, also in his first year of eligibility for consideration by the Veterans’ Committee, was the only player selected. Roush had the distinction of receiving votes in every Baseball Writers Association election through 1960 although his popularity did not grow until the last five elections. Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run-Off 1947 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960

Percentage of Votes 0.9 5.0 3.4 2.9 0.4 2.0 5.4 0.0 15.5 14.0 9.2 0.0 9.6 9.3 10.3 12.1 20.6 38.6 47.2 42.1 54.3

Rank

19th 18th

23rd 20th (tie) 12th 9th 4th 2nd 1st

1963 The number of years a player had to be retired before being considered by the Veterans’ Committee was reduced from 30 to 20 years, which made Sam Rice and Eppa Rixey eligible for induction. John Clarkson, who finished his career in 1894 with 326 career victories, was third among all-time winners not yet in the Hall of Fame. Elmer Flick, a speedy outfielder with a career batting average of .313 over 13 seasons, was elected despite virtually no prior voter support. Sam Rice: Year 1938 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952

Percentage of Votes 0.4 0.8 2.0 0.6 0.4 0.4

Rank

33

1964 Year 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 1.1 3.6 11.2 23.3 33.8 53.2 50.6

Rank

21st 11th 5th (tie) 2nd 3rd

Eppa Rixey: Year 1937 1938 1945 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.5 0.8 0.4 1.2 4.1 2.6 3.6 2.2 1.3 1.1 2.0 3.2 14.0 12.0 52.8 30.6

John Clarkson 1936 Veterans Election Rank in 1963

Rank

17th 27th 3rd 5th

Percentage of Votes 6.4

Rank 20th (tie) 6th

Baseball Writers Association balloting: Year 1946

Percentage of Votes 0.5

Year 1938

Percentage of Votes 0.4

Elmer Flick:

1964 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION In sharp contrast to previous elections only six players who achieved 10

34

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

percent on the 1962 ballot appeared on the 1964 ballot. Campanella and Reese in their first year of eligibility received strong support. In a run-off election among the top 30, Luke Appling was elected. Although Red Ruffing received 81.4 percent of the votes, the rules provided for only one person to be selected in run-off elections. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .25 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . 6* Number of players selected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 *Campanella, Kell, Lemon and Reese not eligible in 1962.

Player Appling Ruffing Roy Campanella Medwick PeeWee Reese Boudreau Lopez Klein Mize Mel Harder Vander Meer Marion L. Waner Rizzuto Walters Allie Reynolds Ernie Lombardi George Kell Ralph Kiner Joe Gordon Billy Herman Hal Newhouser Bob Lemon Bobby Doerr Phil Cavaretta

Percentage of Votes 1964 70.6 70.1 57.2 53.7 36.3 33.8 28.4 27.9 26.9 25.4 25.4 24.9 23.4 22.4 17.4 17.4 16.4 16.4 15.4 14.9 12.9 12.9 11.9 11.9 10.9

Percentage of Votes Run Off 83.6 81.4 61.1 57.5 20.8 19.0 15.0 8.0 5.3 6.2 8.1 7.5 5.3 4.9 3.5 2.7 4.0 3.5 1.3 0.4 4.0 1.3 1.3 2.2 0.4

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Of the five “veteran” inductees, Tim Keefe and Monte Ward completed their careers in 1893 and 1894 respectively while Faber (1933), Grimes (1934) and Manush (1939) represented a younger generation of veteran. Miller Huggins, who received strong support in the 1940’s, was selected as a manager.

35

1964 Monte Ward 1936 Veterans Election Rank in 1964

Percentage of Votes 3.8

Rank 26th (tie) 7th (tie)

Tim Keefe 1936 Veterans Election Rank in 1964

Percentage of Votes 1.3

Rank 35th (tie) 13th (tie)

Red Faber: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 1.5 0.4 1.1 0.4 2.5 3.9 5.4 3.5 3.8 3.4 4.8 10.8 17.6 25.6 30.9 18.8

Rank

22nd 15th 11th 7th 12th

Burleigh Grimes: Year 1937 1938 1939 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.5 0.4 0.4 5.8 5.2 3.6 2.2 3.8 3.4 1.2 13.0 26.7 34.2 26.9

Rank

20th 10th 4th 8th

Miller Huggins: Year 1937

Percentage of Votes 2.5

Rank

36

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Year 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1946 Run Off 1948 1950

Percentage of Votes 18.3 35.4 47.6 53.8 63.9 40.3 3.3 1.2

Rank 15th 10th 5th 5th (tie) 3rd 3rd (tie)

Heinie Manush: Year 1948 1949 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.8 0.7 6.7 8.3 7.4 9.4

Rank

1965 The sole Veterans’ Committee selection was James “Pud” Galvin who pitched from 1879 until 1892 and notched 361 career wins. At the time of his election he had the most victories of any pitcher not already in the Hall of Fame. Galvin was ignored in the 1936 Veterans Election and was never considered by the Baseball Writers.

1966 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Despite his trials with sportswriters over a distinguished career interrupted by two stints in the Marine Air Corps, Ted Williams gained entrance in his first year of eligibility. His 93.4 percent was the largest vote received behind only Cobb, Ruth and Wagner in 1936 and Bob Feller in 1962. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Number of players receiving 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . 17* Number of players selected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 *Williams and Slaughter not eligible in 1964

Player Ted Williams Ruffing

Percentage of Votes 93.4 68.9

Result Elected

37

1967 Player Campanella Medwick Boudreau Lopez Enos Slaughter Reese Marion Mize Kiner Vander Meer Reynolds Walters Rizzuto Arky Vaughan Harder Lombardi Newhouser Gordon

Percentage of Votes 65.2 61.9 38.1 36.1 33.1 31.5 28.5 26.8 24.5 23.8 19.9 18.5 17.9 11.9 11.3 11.3 10.6 10.3

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE No players in the Veterans category were able to muster the required three-fourths of the votes for election. Casey Stengel, who had received limited support, was selected as a manager. Year 1938 1939 1945 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953

Percentage of Votes 0.8 2.2 0.8 0.8 2.0 1.8 3.5 11.5 23.1

Rank

22nd 13th

1967 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Red Ruffing nosed out Joe Medwick in a run-off by a scant 5.9 percent of the vote. The two had tied at 72.6 percent on the first ballot. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the vote . . . . . .24 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Number receiving 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Number of players selected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

38

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Percentage of Votes 72.6 72.6 69.9 49.0 42.5 42.1 39.0 30.8 30.5 30.5 29.8 26.4 24.3 22.6 22.3 21.3 20.2 17.8 15.8 14.7 13.7 13.0 12.0 12.0

Player Ruffing Medwick Campanella Boudreau Kiner Slaughter Lopez Marion Mize Reese Vander Meer Reynolds Rizzuto Gordon Walters Newhouser Herman Harder Vaughan Lombardi Kell Alvin Dark Lemon Doerr

Percentage of Votes in Run-Off 86.9 81.0 55.6 22.2 13.4 15.7 16.3 7.2 4.6 5.2 11.4 6.7 4.6 4.2 7.8 4.2 4.6 4.6 6.2 8.2 3.6 2.3 2.3 4.9

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Lloyd Waner (1927–1945) who became eligible in 1966 was the only selection in 1967. In 18 years he accumulated 2,459 hits and a .316 batting average. Year 1949 1950 1951 1952 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 2.0 0.6 0.4 0.9 9.3 14.7 8.2 3.1 23.4 5.3

Rank

19th 13th 12th (tie)

1968 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Joe Medwick, after his close defeat in the 1967 run-off, this time led

39

1968

the voting. Over 17 years he collected 2,471 hits to go with a .324 batting average. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Number receiving 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Number of players selected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Player Medwick Campanella Boudreau Slaughter Kiner Mize Reynolds Marion Vaughan Reese Vander Meer Gordon Rizzuto Walters Newhouser Doerr Kell Lemon Dark Terry Moore

Percentage of Votes 84.8 72.4 51.6 45.6 41.7 36.4 33.6 31.4 29.0 28.6 27.9 27.2 26.1 23.7 23.7 17.0 16.6 16.6 12.7 11.7

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Kiki Cuyler and Goose Goslin, a pair of 18-year outfielders, each with over 2,200 hits and .300 batting averages, were the only inductees. Kiki Cuyler: Year 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 2.5 2.6 6.6 3.5 4.3 6.8 7.9 13.9 28.5 33.8 26.8 19.4

Rank

18th (tie) 9th 5th 8th (tie) 11th

40

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Goose Goslin: Year 1948 1949 1950 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.8 2.6 1.2 0.4 2.8 13.5 9.8 11.2 8.8

Rank

18th (tie) 23rd (tie)

1969 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Stan Musial, in his first year on the ballot, received a resounding 93.2 percent of the vote. Roy Campanella, after six strong showings, was elected on his seventh try. The second through seventh positions were occupied by the same persons as the previous election although not in the same order. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .22 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Number receiving 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . 16* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

*Musial, Wynn, Hodges and Schoendienst not eligible in 1968. Player Stan Musial Campanella Boudreau Kiner Slaughter Mize Marion Reynolds Gordon Vander Meer Early Wynn Reese Gil Hodges Newhouser Rizzuto Red Schoendienst Doerr Kell

Percentage of Votes 93.2 79.4 64.1 40.3 37.6 34.1 32.9 28.8 28.5 27.9 27.9 26.2 24.1 24.1 22.9 19.1 18.2 17.6

Result Elected Elected

41

1970 Player Lemon Tommy Henrich Dark Cavaretta

Percentage of Votes 16.5 14.7 14.1 10.9

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Waite Hoyt and Stan Coveleski, pitchers who won 237 and 215, games respectively, were the 1969 selections. Waite Hoyt: Year 1939 1942 1946 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.4 0.4 0.5 5.8 4.6 6.6 5.8 5.1 5.3 5.6 13.1 19.2 13.9 10.8 11.3

Rank

20th 14th 20th 25th (tie) 15th

Stan Coveleski: Year 1938 1948 1949 1950 1958

Percentage of Votes 0.4 1.7 2.0 0.6 12.8

Rank

23rd (tie)

The 1970s 1970 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Lou Boudreau, in his tenth year on the ballot, was the only selection, moving up from a third place finish the previous year. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

42

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .21 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Number receiving 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . 20* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

*Snider not eligible in 1969

Player Boudreau Kiner Hodges Wynn Slaughter Mize Marion Reese Schoendienst Kell Reynolds Vander Meer Newhouser Rizzuto Gordon Doerr Lemon Henrich Dark Cavaretta Duke Snider

Percentage of Votes 77.3 55.7 48.3 46.7 44.3 42.0 40.0 32.3 32.3 30.0 29.7 29.3 26.7 26.3 26.3 25.0 23.3 20.7 18.3 17.0 17.0

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Earle Combs, an outfielder with the fabled New York Yankees of the ’20s and ’30s, with a career .325 batting average and Jesse Haines, a pitcher who won 215 games over 19 years, were the two selections of the Veterans’ Committee. Earle Combs: Year 1937 1938 1939 1945 1948 1949 1950 1952 1953 1955

Percentage of Votes 2.0 2.7 1.1 0.4 5.0 3.9 1.8 0.4 1.1 0.4

Rank

43

1971 Year 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 7.3 12.8 16.0 3.8

Rank 23rd (tie) 15th

Jesse Haines: Year 1939 1947 1948 1949 1950 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.4 0.6 1.7 1.3 6.6 1.5 2.4 4.0 7.3 8.3 7.4 1.9

Rank

1971 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Yogi Berra, in his first year on the ballot, led the voting but fell short of the 75 percent requirement. Positions two through fourteen were filled by the same thirteen players in the 1970 and 1971 elections. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Number who received 10% on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18* Number of players elected to Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45

*Berra and Fox not eligible in 1970 Player Yogi Berra Wynn Kiner Hodges Slaughter Mize Reese Marion Schoendienst Reynolds

Percentage of Votes 67.2 66.7 58.9 50.0 45.8 43.6 35.3 34.2 34.2 30.6

Result

44

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Kell Vander Meer Newhouser Rizzuto Lemon Snider Cavaretta Doerr Dark Nelson Fox

Percentage of Votes 29.2 27.2 26.1 25.6 25.0 24.7 23.1 21.7 15.0 10.8

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE A bumper crop of six veterans were selected whose combined careers covered the years 1888 through 1937. Jake Beckley 1936 Veterans Election Rank in 1971

Percentage of votes 1.3

Rank 35th (tie) 12th (tie)

Baseball Writers Association voting: Year 1942

Percentage of Votes 0.4

Rank

Year 1939 1942

Percentage of Votes 0.4 0.4

Rank

Joe Kelley:

Rube Marquard: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1946 1947 1948 1949 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955

Percentage of Votes 0.4 6.5 3.8 1.5 3.0 11.2 5.0 2.6 1.3 3.8 7.2 6.0 13.9

Rank

21st

17th (tie)

45

1972

Harry Hooper: Year 1937 1938 1939 1948 1950 1951

Percentage of Votes 3.0 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.2 1.3

Rank

Dave Bancroft: Year 1937 1938 1939 1946 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960

Percentage of Votes 1.5 1.1 0.4 0.5 3.3 3.3 5.4 4.0 4.7 3.8 4.0 7.6 7.8 16.2 11.2

Rank

18th 23rd (tie)

Chick Hafey: Year 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.8 1.3 2.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.6 8.3 4.5 10.8 4.4

Rank

25th (tie)

1972 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Sandy Koufax, the dominant pitcher of his era, was honored his first year on the ballot. His 2.76 earned run average, .655 winning percentage

46

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

and 9.28 strikeouts per nine innings convinced the writers. Berra, elected in his second try, had collected 2,150 hits and 358 home runs at the time, highest among catchers. Early Wynn was one of two 300-game winners, then eligible, and was selected on his fifth try. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .19 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 18* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

*Koufax not eligible in 1971

Player Sandy Koufax Berra Wynn Kiner Hodges Mize Slaughter Reese Marion Lemon Kell Reynolds Schoendienst Rizzuto Newhouser Snider Fox Cavaretta Dark

Percentage of Votes 86.9 85.6 76.0 59.3 40.7 39.6 37.6 32.6 30.3 29.5 29.0 26.5 26.3 26.0 23.2 21.2 16.2 15.4 13.9

Result Elected Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Lefty Gomez, after 15 years on the Baseball Writers Association ballot, was recognized by the Committee. Ross Youngs, after 17 years of votes extending from 1936 through 1956, was also selected. Lefty Gomez: Year 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949

Percentage of Votes 2.8 2.0 0.6 13.2 11.1

Rank

19th 21st

47

1973 Year 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 10.8 10.2 12.4 13.3 15.1 28.3 46.1 28.6 19.0 12.5

Rank 16th 21st 20th (tie) 19th 15th 12th 5th 9th 12th 13th (tie)

Ross Youngs: Year 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956

Percentage of Votes 4.4 8.0 15.3 12.4 18.9 8.9 12.4 22.4 15.7 13.1 5.9 10.2 15.0 14.5 11.7 13.5 19.1 9.8

Rank

18th 20th 24th 27th 17th 17th 20th 17th 17th (tie) 17th 16th (tie) 22nd 16th 16th

1973 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION In his first season on the ballot, Warren Spahn, the winningest lefthanded pitcher of all time, was elected to the Hall of Fame. Another lefty of the same talent, Whitey Ford, finished second but with too few votes to qualify. Following his tragic death in a plane crash December 31, 1972, Roberto Clemente received 92.7 percent of the vote in a special election held in March 1973. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .21

48

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 16* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50

*Spahn, Ford and Roberts not eligible in 1972. Player Warren Spahn Whitey Ford Kiner Hodges Robin Roberts Lemon Mize Slaughter Marion Reese Kell Rizzuto Snider Schoendienst Reynolds Newhouser Cavaretta Fox Dark Johnny Sain Dominic DiMaggio

Percentage of Votes 83.2 67.1 61.8 57.4 56.1 46.6 41.3 38.2 33.4 33.2 30.0 29.2 26.6 25.3 24.5 20.8 19.2 19.2 13.9 12.4 11.3

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Mickey Welch, a real old-timer, who pitched from 1880 to 1892 and the only 300-game winner not yet in the Hall of Fame, was elected. The other inductee, George Kelly, batted .297 in a 16-year career. Mickey Welch—For unknown reasons, Welch was overlooked in the 1936 Veterans Election and because he retired after the 1892 season, was never considered by the Baseball Writers. George Kelly: Year 1947 1948 1949 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.6 1.7 0.7 1.0 0.8 1.9 0.6

Rank

49

1974

1974 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Long-time teammates Mickey Mantle and Whitey Ford entered the Hall of Fame together, Mantle on his first try and Ford on his second. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .21 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Number who received 10% on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52

*Mantle, Mathews and Maris not eligible in 1973. Player Mickey Mantle Ford Roberts Kiner Hodges Lemon Slaughter Reese Eddie Mathews Rizzuto Snider Schoendienst Reynolds Kell Fox Roger Maris Newhouser Cavaretta Richie Ashburn Dark Sain

Percentage of Votes 88.2 77.8 61.4 58.9 54.2 52.1 39.7 38.6 32.3 30.4 30.4 30.1 27.7 25.8 21.6 21.4 20.0 16.7 15.3 14.8 14.0

Result Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Sam Thompson (1885–1906) and Jim Bottomley (1922–1937) were selected for enshrinement in 1974. Thompson had a career batting average of .331 while Bottomley batted .310 and collected 2,313 lifetime hits. Sam Thompson—Thompson, like several others, was overlooked in the 1936 Veterans Election and was never considered in any of the Baseball Writers voting.

50

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Jim Bottomley: Year 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 3.3 5.2 4.8 2.7 3.0 3.8 6.3 10.4 21.8 21.4 33.1 12.5

Rank

23rd 13th 13th 5th 13th (tie)

1975 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Ralph Kiner, in his twelfth year on the ballot, climaxed a steady climb in popularity by winning election by a scant 0.4 percent. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Number who received 10 percent on previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . 18* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53

*Drysdale not eligible in 1974. Player Kiner Roberts Lemon Hodges Slaughter Newhouser Reese Mathews Cavaretta Snider Sain Rizzuto Kell Schoendienst Fox Ashburn Don Drysdale

Percentage of Votes 75.4 72.7 64.4 51.9 48.9 42.8 42.5 40.9 35.6 35.6 34.0 32.3 31.5 26.0 21.0 21.0 21.0

Result Elected

51

1975 Player Maris Dark Vic Raschi

Percentage of Votes 19.3 13.3 10.2

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Earl Averill with 2,020 career hits and a .318 batting average was joined in the Hall of Fame by Billy Herman with 2,345 hits and a .304 average. Bucky Harris, who had a 29-year managerial career, was selected to the Hall of Fame in that category. Earl Averill: Year 1949 1952 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.6 5.3 4.1 1.9

Rank

Billy Herman: Year 1948 1956 1958 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 0.8 1.0 2.6 2.5 12.9 4.0 9.3 20.2 4.6

Rank

21st (tie) 15th (tie) 17th 16th (tie)

Bucky Harris: Year 1938 1939 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953

Percentage of Votes 0.4 0.4 2.5 7.2 no votes 2.4 4.0 5.1 8.0

Rank

52

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Year 1958 1960

Percentage of Votes 16.9 11.5

Rank 16th (tie) 21st

1976 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Robin Roberts, one of the greatest modern-era control pitchers with 286 career wins, and Bob Lemon, with 207 wins and a .618 winning percentage, were elected by the writers. Five players received over 10 percent of the vote on their first time on the ballot and occupied the 16th through 20th positions in the election. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number of players in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . 12 Number who received 10 percent on previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Player Roberts Lemon Hodges Slaughter Mathews Reese Fox Snider Rizzuto Kell Schoendienst Drysdale Maris Ashburn Dark Walker Cooper Elston Howard Mickey Vernon Ted Kluszewski Don Larsen

Percentage of Votes 86.9 78.6 60.1 50.8 48.7 47.9 44.8 41.0 38.4 33.2 33.2 29.4 22.4 21.9 21.3 14.4 14.2 13.4 12.9 12.1

Result Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Roger Connor (1880–1897) one of the early power hitters who collected 2,467 hits to go with a .317 batting average, was selected. The other inductee was Freddie Lindstrom who batted .311 in a 13-year career.

53

1977

Roger Connor—Connor, surprisingly, received no votes in the initial Veterans Election and, because of his pre–1900 retirement, was never considered by the Baseball Writers. Freddie Lindstrom: Year 1949 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.7 1.6 1.9 2.2 4.4

Rank

1977 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION “Mr. Cub” Ernie Banks was elected after 19 distinguished years in which he collected 2,583 hits and 512 home-runs. Banks was in his first year of eligibility, a tribute to his great skills as well as his personal popularity. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .22 Number of players in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Number who received 10 percent on previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . 17* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56

*Banks and Bunning not eligible in 1976. Player Ernie Banks Mathews Hodges Slaughter Snider Drysdale Reese Fox Jim Bunning Kell Ashburn Schoendienst Lew Burdette Maris Dark Harvey Kuenn Kluszewski Vernon W. Cooper

Percentage of Votes 83.8 62.4 58.5 58.0 55.4 51.4 42.6 39.7 38.1 36.8 36.3 27.4 22.2 18.8 17.2 14.9 14.4 13.6 11.7

Result Elected

54

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player E. Howard Don Newcombe Larsen

Percentage of Votes 11.2 11.2 10.2

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Amos Rusie (1889–1901), a 246-game winner, was elected after having been overlooked in the 1936 Veterans Election. Joe Sewell, who still is number one in fewest strikeouts per at-bat, was the other selection. Sewell batted .312 and accumulated 2,226 hits in a 14-year career. Al Lopez was elected as a manager after a 17-year tenure with the Cleveland Indians and Chicago White Sox. Amos Rusie 1936 Veterans Election Rank in 1977

Percentage of Votes 15.4

Rank 10th 2nd

Baseball Writers Association balloting: Year

Percentage of Votes

1937 1938 1939 1942 1945

0.5 3.1 2.2 0.4 0.4

Year

Percentage of Votes

1937 1948 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960

0.5 0.8 0.4 0.4 1.6 0.4 8.6

Rank

Joe Sewell: Rank

Al Lopez: Year 1949 1952 1953 1956 1958 1960

Percentage of Votes 0.7 0.9 0.8 0.5 12.6 9.7

Rank

25th

55

1978 Year 1962 1964 1964 Run Off 1966 1967 1967 Run Off

Percentage of Votes 6.9 28.4 15.0 36.1 39.0 16.3

Rank 7th 7th 6th 7th 5th

1978 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION In his fifth year on the ballot, Eddie Mathews was inducted. A powerhitting third baseman, Mathews accumulated 512 home runs and 2,315 hits in a 17-year career. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number of players in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 18* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57

*Wilhelm and Wills not eligible in 1977 Player Mathews Slaughter Snider Hodges Drysdale Bunning Reese Ashburn Hoyt Wilhelm Fox Schoendienst Maury Wills Maris Burdette Vernon Dark Kuenn Kluszewski Newcombe E. Howard

Percentage of Votes

Result

79.4 68.9 67.0 59.6 57.8 47.8 44.6 41.7 41.7 39.3 34.3 30.3 21.9 20.1 17.4 15.8 15.3 13.5 12.7 10.8

Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE In a departure from protocol, the committee selected Addie Joss whose

56

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

career was cut short at age 31 after only nine years in the major leagues. In that time, he collected 160 wins but, more impressively, a .623 winning percentage and a 1.88 earned run average which is second best on the all-time list. Addie Joss: Year 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946

Percentage of Votes 5.5 6.9 10.2 14.2 9.3 6.9

Rank

24th (tie) 29th

1979 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION The irrepressible Willie Mays won a resounding 94.7 percent of the vote in his first year of eligibility. His 660 home runs currently still ranks third on the all-time list and he stands high in numerous other offensive categories. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number of players in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 17* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58

*Mays and Aparicio not eligible in 1978 Player Willie Mays Snider Slaughter Hodges Drysdale Fox Wilhelm Wills Schoendienst Bunning Ashburn Maris Luis Aparicio Vernon

Percentage of Votes 94.7 71.3 68.8 56.0 53.9 40.3 38.9 38.4 36.8 34.0 30.1 29.4 27.8 20.4

Result Elected

57

1980 Player Dark Kuenn Kluszewski Burdette Larsen Newcombe

Percentage of Votes 18.5 14.6 13.4 12.3 12.3 12.0

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Hack Wilson, a powerful slugger who played for four National League teams during a 12-year career, was the only selection of the Veterans’ Committee. Hack Wilson: Year 1937 1939 1942 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 0.5 0.4 0.4 1.7 15.7 6.4 9.6 9.3 9.0 16.3 19.0 32.3 38.3 35.3 26.8 24.4

Rank

16th (tie) 16th

17th (tie) 14th 11th 6th 4th 8th (tie) 9th

The 1980s 1980 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Two great outfielders were inducted in 1980. Al Kaline in a distinguished 22 years all with the Detroit Tigers compiled 3,007 hits and 399 home runs to go with a .297 batting average. Kaline gained election in his first year of eligibility. Duke Snider, after working his way upward, achieved election in his eleventh year on the ballot. His 407 home runs, 2,116 hits and .295 batting average helped to put him over the top. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

58

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .19 Number of players in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 17* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60

*Kaline and Cepeda not eligible in 1979 Player Al Kaline Snider Drysdale Hodges Wilhelm Bunning Schoendienst Fox Wills Ashburn Aparicio Maris Vernon Kuenn Burdette Newcombe Kluszewski Orlando Cepeda Dark

Percentage of Votes 88.3 86.5 61.8 59.7 54.3 46.0 42.6 41.8 37.9 34.8 32.2 28.8 24.9 21.6 17.1 15.3 13.0 12.5 11.2

Result Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Chuck Klein, after 12 years on the Baseball Writers Association ballot, was selected by the Veterans’ Committee. His credentials included a .320 batting average, 2,076 hits and 300 home runs. Chuck Klein: Year 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 2.5 5.9 8.4 6.6 8.1 4.4 10.0 22.8 13.5 13.8 11.3 27.9 8.0

Rank

24th (tie) 12th 21st 18th (tie) 15th 8th 9th

59

1981

1981 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Bob Gibson, second in career strikeouts when he retired, was ushered into the Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility. His 2.91 earned run average, 56 shutouts and 251 victories attest to his ability to overpower the opposition. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .19 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Number who received 10% on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61

*Gibson, Killebrew, Marichal and Munson not eligible in 1980. Player Bob Gibson Drysdale Hodges Harmon Killebrew Wilhelm Juan Marichal Fox Schoendienst Bunning Wills Ashburn Maris Kuenn E. Howard Cepeda Thurman Munson Kluszewski Aparicio Burdette

Percentage of Votes 84.0 60.6 60.1 59.6 59.4 58.1 41.9 41.4 40.9 40.6 35.4 23.4 23.2 20.7 19.2 15.5 14.0 12.0 12.0

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Johnny Mize, after 11 years on the Baseball Writers Association ballot, was selected three years after he became eligible for consideration by the Veterans’ Committee. Although he hit with great power (359 home runs and a .562 slugging average), his batting average was a highly respectable .312. Johnny Mize: Year 1960

Percentage of Votes 16.7

Rank 13th (tie)

60

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Year 1960 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973

Percentage of Votes 16.7 8.8 26.9 5.3 26.8 30.5 4.6 36.4 34.1 42.0 43.6 39.6 41.3

Rank 13th (tie) 9th 12th (tie) 10th 9th (tie) 16th (tie) 6th 6th 6th 6th 6th 7th

1982 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION In their first year of eligibility, Henry Aaron and Frank Robinson far outdistanced the field. Aaron, the all-time home run and RBI leader, ranks in the top ten in numerous offensive categories. Robinson, currently fourth on the home run list with 586, had an illustrious 21-year career in which he collected 2,943 hits to go with a .294 batting average. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .19 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Number who received 10% on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63

*Aaron, F. Robinson, B. Williams and Oliva not eligible in 1981. Player Henry Aaron Frank Robinson Marichal Killebrew Wilhelm Drysdale Hodges Aparicio Bunning Schoendienst Fox Ashburn Billy Williams Wills Maris Tony Oliva

Percentage of Votes 97.8 89.2 73.5 59.3 56.9 56.1 49.4 41.9 33.3 32.5 30.6 30.4 23.4 21.9 16.6 15.2

Result Elected Elected

61

1983 Player Kuenn Burdette Cepeda

Percentage of Votes 14.9 10.4 10.1

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Travis Jackson was a smooth fielding shortstop for the New York Giants who compiled a .291 batting average over 15 years. Travis Jackson: Year 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

Percentage of Votes 4.1 3.9 3.6 1.8 0.4 0.8 0.4 2.0 7.3 4.1 4.1 0.6

Rank

1983 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Brooks Robinson, a 16-year Gold Glove winner, regarded by many as the prototype third baseman, was the top vote-getter in his first year. Juan Marichal with 243 wins, 2.89 earned run average and .631 winning percentage became the other inductee in his third try. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .18 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 16* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

*Brooks Robinson not eligible in 1982. Player Brooks Robinson Marichal Killebrew Aparicio

Percentage of Votes 92.0 83.7 71.9 67.4

Result Elected Elected

62

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Wilhelm Drysdale Hodges Fox B. Williams Schoendienst Bunning Kuenn Wills Oliva Maris Cepeda Bill Mazeroski Burdette

Percentage of Votes 65.0 64.7 63.4 46.3 40.9 39.0 36.9 20.6 20.6 20.1 18.4 15.8 12.8 11.5

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE George Kell, after 13 years on the Baseball Writers Association ballot, was selected in his first year of eligibility for Veterans’ Committee consideration. He batted .306 with 2,054 hits in a 15-year career. George Kell: Year 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977

Percentage of Votes 16.4 3.5 9.6 13.7 3.6 16.6 17.6 30.0 29.2 29.0 30.0 25.8 31.5 33.2 36.8

Rank 17th (tie) 17th (tie) 21st 22nd 16th (tie) 18th 10th 11th 11th 11th 14th 13th 10th (tie) 10th

1984 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION For the first time since 1972, three players were elected. Luis Aparicio, in his sixth year, Harmon Killebrew, in his fourth year, and Don Drysdale, in his tenth year, all exceeded the 75 percent barrier.

63

1984 Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .17 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . 14 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Player Aparicio Killebrew Drysdale Wilhelm Fox B. Williams Bunning Cepeda Oliva Maris Kuenn Wills Burdette Mazeroski Roy Face E. Howard Joe Torre

Percentage of Votes 84.6 83.1 78.4 72.0 61.0 50.1 49.9 30.8 30.8 26.6 26.3 25.8 24.1 18.4 16.1 11.2 11.2

Result Elected Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Pee Wee Reese, the hub of the Dodger infield for 16 years, was elected in his first year of eligibility. The other inductee was Rick Ferrell, a highly regarded catcher who batted .281 over 18 seasons. Pee Wee Reese: Year 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976

Percentage of Votes 36.3 20.8 31.5 30.5 5.2 28.6 26.2 32.3 35.3 32.6 33.2 38.6 42.5 47.9

Rank 5th 5th 8th 9th (tie) 14th 10th 12th 8th (tie) 7th 8th 10th 8th 7th 6th

64

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Year 1977 1978

Percentage of Votes 42.6 44.6

Rank 7th 7th

Rick Ferrell: Year 1956 1958 1960

Percentage of Votes 0.5 0.4 0.4

Rank

1985 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Hoyt Wilhelm was the first bona fide relief pitcher to be inducted into the Hall of Fame. His career spanned 21 years during which he appeared in 1,070 games. He was still pitching his knuckler at age 49. Lou Brock, in his first year of eligibility, was also elected. At the time, he was the all-time leading basestealer and had accumulated 3,023 hits and a .293 batting average over 19 seasons. Nelson Fox recorded the closest near miss in history, receiving 74.7 percent of the votes in his last year of eligibility. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .19 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70

*Brock, Hunter and Lolich not eligible in 1984. Player Wilhelm Lou Brock Fox B. Williams Bunning Jim Hunter Maris Kuenn Cepeda Oliva Wills Mazeroski Burdette Mickey Lolich Ken Boyer

Percentage of Votes 83.8 79.7 74.7 63.8 54.2 53.7 32.4 31.6 28.9 28.9 23.5 22.0 20.8 20.3 17.2

Result Elected Elected

65

1985 Player Face E. Howard Ron Santo Torre

Percentage of Votes 15.7 13.7 13.4 11.1

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE After receiving strong support for 15 years on the Baseball Writers Association ballot, Enos Slaughter with his 2,383 hits and .300 batting average was selected for induction. Arky Vaughan, a .318 hitter with 2,103 career hits, was also selected. He collected votes in 11 Baseball Writers Association elections. Enos Slaughter: Year 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979

Percentage of Votes 33.1 42.1 15.7 45.6 37.6 44.3 45.8 37.6 38.2 39.7 48.9 50.8 58.0 68.9 68.8

Rank 7th 6th 6th 4th 5th 5th 5th 7th 8th 7th 5th 4th 4th 2nd 3rd

Percentage of Votes 0.4 0.8 1.6 4.7 2.3 3.7 3.8 8.5 2.7 11.9 15.8 6.2 29.0

Rank

Arky Vaughan: Year 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968

16th 19th 13th 9th

66

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

1986 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Willie McCovey became another first year inductee after a distinguished 22-year career featuring 521 home runs and 2,211 hits. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 425 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 16* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71

*McCovey and Minoso not eligible in 1985 Player Willie McCovey B. Williams Hunter Bunning Maris Oliva Cepeda Kuenn Wills Mazeroski Burdette K. Boyer Minnie Minoso Lolich Face Santo Torre E. Howard Curt Flood Vada Pinson

Percentage of Votes 81.4 74.1 68.0 65.6 41.6 36.2 35.8 33.9 29.2 23.5 22.6 22.4 20.9 20.2 17.4 15.1 14.1 12.0 10.6 10.1

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Bobby Doerr, who had a sterling 14-year career with the Boston Red Sox, and Ernie Lombardi, the hard-hitting catcher with a career .306 batting average, were the two 1986 inductees. Bobby Doerr: Year 1953 1956

Percentage of Votes 0.8 2.6

Rank

67

1987 Year 1958 1960 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968 1969 1970 1971

Percentage of Votes 9.4 5.6 6.3 11.9 2.2 9.9 12.0 4.9 17.0 18.2 25.0 21.7

Rank

24th (tie) 20th 23rd (tie) 15th 16th 17th 16th 18th

Ernie Lombardi: Year 1950 1951 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off

Percentage of Votes 1.8 1.3 4.1 1.5 2.2 3.1 16.4 4.0 11.3 14.7 8.2

Rank

17th (tie) 15th (tie) 17th (tie) 20th 9th

1987 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Billy Williams, in his sixth try, and Jim “Catfish” Hunter, in his third, were elected by the writers. Williams compiled 426 home runs and 2,711 hits in an 18-year career, while Hunter won 224 games in 15 seasons. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . 19 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Player B. Williams Hunter Bunning Cepeda

Percentage of Votes

Result

85.7 76.3 70.0 43.3

Elected Elected

68

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player

Percentage of Votes

Maris Oliva Kuenn Mazeroski Wills K. Boyer Burdette Lolich Minoso Face Santo Dick Allen Flood Pinson Torre E. Howard

42.6 38.7 34.9 30.3 27.4 23.2 23.2 20.3 19.9 18.9 18.9 13.3 12.1 11.6 11.4 10.7

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE The committee failed to select a player for induction to the Hall of Fame.

1988 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Willie Stargell, in his first year of eligibility, was the only selection although Jim Bunning made his strongest showing (74.2 percent) in 15 appearances on the ballot. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .20 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 17* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74

*Stargell, Tiant and Lyle not eligible in 1987. Player Willie Stargell Bunning Oliva Cepeda Maris Kuenn Mazeroski Luis Tiant Wills

Percentage of Votes 82.4 74.2 47.3 46.6 43.1 39.3 33.5 30.9 29.7

Result Elected

69

1989 Player K. Boyer Lolich Santo Minoso Face Pinson Torre Sparky Lyle E. Howard D. Allen Flood

Percentage of Votes 25.5 25.5 25.3 21.1 18.5 15.7 14.1 13.1 12.4 12.2 11.2

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE For the second consecutive year, no candidates received the 75 percent required for election.

1989 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Four future Hall of Famers made their debuts on the 1989 ballot. Johnny Bench and Carl Yastrzemski were elected immediately. Gaylord Perry and Ferguson Jenkins received strong support and placed third and fifth, respectively, in the voting. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .17 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 12* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76

*Bench, Yastrzemski, G. Perry, Jenkins and Kaat not eligible in 1988. Player Johnny Bench Carl Yastrzemski Gaylord Perry Bunning Ferguson Jenkins Cepeda Oliva Mazeroski Kuenn Wills Jim Kaat Santo K. Boyer

Percentage of Votes 96.4 94.6 68.0 63.3 52.3 39.4 30.2 30.0 25.7 21.3 19.5 16.8 13.9

Result Elected Elected

70

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Minoso Face Lolich Tiant

Percentage of Votes 13.2 10.5 10.5 10.5

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Red Schoendienst, who batted .289 in 19 major league seasons and totaled 2,449 hits, was the only Veterans selection. Schoendienst completed 15 years on the Baseball Writers Association ballot in 1983. Year 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983

Percentage of Votes 19.1 32.3 34.2 26.3 25.3 30.1 26.0 33.2 27.4 34.3 36.8 42.6 41.4 32.5 39.0

Rank 16th 9th 9th 13th 14th 12th 14th 10th (tie) 12th 11th 9th 7th 8th 10th 10th

The 1990s 1990 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION In a repeat of the previous year, two first-time candidates, Jim Palmer and Joe Morgan, were elected. Palmer, with 268 wins and a 2.86 earned run average, spent his entire 19 years with Baltimore. Morgan, a two-time MVP, garnered 2,517 hits and 689 stolen bases in a brilliant 22-year career. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .17 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 13* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78

*Morgan and Palmer not eligible in 1989.

71

1991 Player Jim Palmer Joe Morgan G. Perry Jenkins Bunning Cepeda Oliva Mazeroski Kuenn Santo Wills Kaat K. Boyer D. Allen Torre Minoso Face

Percentage of Votes 92.6 81.8 72.1 66.7 57.9 47.5 32.0 29.5 24.1 21.6 21.4 17.8 17.6 13.1 12.4 11.5 11.3

Result Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE For the third time in four years, the Veterans’ Committee was unable to select a candidate.

1991 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION For the first time since 1984, three players gained election. Rod Carew with his .328 batting average and 3,053 hits breezed in, but pitchers Gaylord Perry (314 wins) and Ferguson Jenkins (284 wins) barely exceeded the 75 percent requirement. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .14 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 12* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81

*Carew and Fingers not eligible in 1990. Player Rod Carew G. Perry Jenkins Rollie Fingers Bunning Cepeda Oliva

Percentage of Votes 90.5 77.2 75.4 65.7 63.7 43.3 36.1

Result Elected Elected Elected

72

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Mazeroski Santo Kuenn Kaat Wills Allen K. Boyer

Percentage of Votes 32.1 26.2 22.6 14.0 13.8 13.3 13.1

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE The committee went back into the pre–World War II era to select Tony Lazzeri, a mainstay of the Yankee dynasty who appeared in six World Series. Tony Lazzeri: Year

Percentage of Votes

1945 1947 1948 1949 1949 Run-Off 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962

0.4 0.6 17.4 13.1 3.2 12.6 11.9 12.4 10.6 11.9 26.3 33.2 30.1 21.9 5.0

Rank

16th 19th (tie) 19th (tie) 15th 18th (tie) 20th (tie) 23rd 18th 13th 8th 7th 11th

1992 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Tom Seaver, in his first year of eligibility, received the highest percentage of votes ever recorded, 98.8 percent. In his magnificent 20-year career, he amassed 311 wins, 3,640 strikeouts and a 2.86 earned run average. He was joined by Rollie Fingers, one of the leaders in most categories of relief pitching. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .15 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . 9* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83

*Seaver and Perez not eligible in 1991.

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1993 Player Tom Seaver Fingers Cepeda Tony Perez Mazeroski Oliva Santo Kaat Wills K. Boyer Allen Minoso Torre Tiant Lolich

Percentage of Votes 98.8 81.2 57.2 50.0 42.3 40.7 31.6 26.5 25.6 16.5 16.0 16.0 14.4 11.6 10.5

Result Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Hal Newhouser, a 207-game winner with a 3.06 earned run average, was elected after 12 years on the Baseball Writers’ Association ballot. Year 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975

Percentage of Votes 2.5 12.9 1.3 10.6 21.3 4.2 23.7 24.1 26.7 26.1 23.2 20.8 20.0 42.8

Rank 21st (tie) 21st (tie) 19th 16th 20th (tie) 14th (tie) 13th (tie) 13th 13th 15th 16th 17th 6th

1993 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION The power-hitting (563 home runs) Reggie Jackson, in his first year of eligibility, was the only Baseball Writers Association selection. Number Number Number Number Number

of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423 of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .15 of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 11*

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84

*Jackson, P. Niekro and Garvey not eligible in 1992. Player Reggie Jackson Phil Niekro Cepeda Perez Steve Garvey Oliva Santo Kaat Allen K. Boyer Minoso Torre Tiant Bobby Bonds Lolich

Percentage of Votes 93.6 65.7 59.6 55.1 41.6 37.1 36.6 29.6 16.5 16.3 15.8 14.9 14.7 10.6 10.2

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE No candidates were elected for Hall of Fame induction in 1993.

1994 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Steve Carlton, in his first year, was the only selection although Orlando Cepeda in his last year of eligibility just fell short with 73.6 percent of the vote. Carlton is ninth on the career victory list with 329 and his 4,136 strikeouts rank him second only to Nolan Ryan. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .14 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 10* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85

*Carlton, Sutton and Sutter not eligible in 1993. Player Steve Carlton Cepeda P. Niekro Perez Don Sutton

Percentage of Votes 95.8 73.6 60.0 57.8 56.9

Result Elected

75

1995 Player Garvey Oliva Santo Bruce Sutter Kaat Allen K. Boyer Torre Pinson

Percentage of Votes 36.5 34.7 33.0 24.0 21.5 14.5 11.9 11.6 10.1

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE At long last, “The Scooter” Phil Rizzuto, after repeated comparisons with contemporaries Reese, Boudreau and Appling, was finally selected to the honor that had eluded him for many years. Year 1956 1962 1964 1964 Run-Off 1966 1967 1967 Run-Off 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976

Percentage of Votes 0.5 27.5 22.4 4.9 17.9 24.3 4.6 26.1 22.9 26.3 25.6 26.0 29.2 30.4 32.3 38.4

Rank 7th 14th 14th 15th 13th 16th (tie) 13th 15th 14th (tie) 14th 14th 12th 10th 12th 9th

1995 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Mike Schmidt, with 548 home runs and ten Gold Gloves in a marvelous 18-year career, was elected in his first year of eligibility. One of the great power-hitters of all time, he ranks at or near the top of the list of great third basemen. Number Number Number Number Number Number

of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460 of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .15 of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 10* of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

*Schmidt, Rice and John not eligible in 1994. Player Mike Schmidt P. Niekro Sutton Perez Garvey Oliva Santo Jim Rice Sutter Kaat Tommy John Allen Minoso Flood Torre

Percentage of Votes 96.5 62.2 57.4 56.3 42.6 32.4 30.2 29.8 29.8 21.7 21.3 15.7 14.3 12.8 10.9

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE After 15 years on the Baseball Writers Association ballot and a 15-year career, Richie Ashburn with his .308 batting average and 2,574 hits was selected. Regarded by some as the greatest defensive outfielder of all time, he ranks in the top five in several defensive categories. Vic Willis (1898–1910) garnered 248 wins in a 13-year pitching career. He currently ranks 38th on the all-time wins list and sports a sparkling 2.63 earned run average. A durable worker, he is in 34th place in number of innings pitched. Richie Ashburn: Year 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982

Percentage of Votes 2.1 2.9 3.7 2.8 2.8 6.6 15.3 21.0 21.9 36.3 41.7 30.1 34.8 35.4 30.4

Rank

19th 15th (tie) 14th 11th 8th 11th 10th 11th 12th

77

1996

Vic Willis: Despite his imposing credentials, Willis did not receive any votes in the initial 1936 Veterans Election perhaps because his career ended in 1910. Neither did he garner any support in subsequent Baseball Writers Association elections.

1996 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION For the first time since 1971, no one could garner enough support for election. Phil Niekro, with over 60 percent of the vote for the fourth consecutive year with 68.3 percent, was the leader. Tony Perez and Don Sutton were in close pursuit leaving the rest of the field far in arrears. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .17 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 0 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86

*Conception not eligible in 1995.

Player P. Niekro Perez Sutton Garvey Santo Oliva Rice Sutter John Kaat Allen Flood Tiant Dave Concepcion Minoso Pinson Torre

Percentage of Votes 68.3 65.7 63.8 37.2 37.0 36.2 35.3 29.1 21.7 19.4 18.9 15.1 13.6 13.4 13.2 10.9 10.6

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Jim Bunning, with 224 career victories, 40 shutouts and 2,855 strikeouts, which currently places him eleventh on the all-time list, was selected to the Hall of Fame. In 1988 he fell 0.8 percent short of election by the Baseball Writers’ Association.

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Ironically, Nelson Fox also received 75 percent of the votes but less than Bunning. Because the committee is allowed to select only one player, Fox must wait at least another year. In 1985, his last year for Baseball Writers Association consideration, Fox acquired 74.7 percent of the votes. Jim Bunning: Year 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991

Percentage of Votes 38.1 47.8 34.0 46.0 40.9 33.3 36.9 49.9 54.2 65.6 70.0 74.2 63.3 57.9 63.7

Rank 9th 6th 10th 6th 9th 9th 11th 7th 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 4th 5th 5th

1997 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION In his fifth year on the ballot Phil Niekro was elected. He had previously finished second, third, second and first in the balloting. Don Sutton was a mere nine votes short of election. Tony Perez made his strongest bid with 66.0 percent of the vote. Ron Santo finished a distant fourth with 39.3 percent. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .15 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87

*Dave Parker not eligible in 1996 Player P. Niekro Sutton Perez Santo

Percentage of Votes 80.3 73.2 66.0 39.3

Result Elected

79

1998 Player Rice Garvey Sutter Kaat Torre John Minoso Dave Parker Allen Concepcion Tiant

Percentage of Votes 37.6 35.3 27.5 22.6 22.2 20.5 17.8 17.5 16.7 12.7 11.2

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Nelson Fox was the logical choice after missing by 0.3 percent in his final year on the Baseball Writers Association ballot and then finishing a close second in last year’s Veterans’ Committee election. In a 19-year career he collected 2,663 hits and had a lifetime batting average of .288. Nelson Fox: Year 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985

Percentage of Votes 10.8 16.2 19.2 21.6 21.0 44.8 39.7 39.3 40.3 41.8 41.9 30.6 46.3 61.0 74.7

Rank 20th 17th 17th (tie) 15th 15th (tie) 7th 8th 10th 6th 8th 7th 11th 8th 5th 3rd

1998 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION After barely falling short in 1997, Don Sutton, in his fifth year, was the only player elected. Perez, Santo and Rice all moved up one notch in the voting and Gary Carter made a strong showing in his first year on the ballot.

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Number of players receiving 10 or more of the votes . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot 12* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88

*Gary Carter and Bert Blyleven not eligible in 1997. Player Sutton Perez Santo Rice Gary Carter Garvey Sutter John Kaat Parker Bert Blyleven Concepción Minoso Tiant Keith Hernandez

Percentage of Votes 81.6 67.9 43.1 42.9 42.3 41.2 31.1 27.3 27.3 22.4 17.5 14.8 14.0 11.0 10.8

Result Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Larry Doby, the first African-American to play in the American League, was elected under rule 6B which reads: “Also eligible are players who played in any portion of at least ten (10) years in the Negro Baseball Leagues prior to 1946 or whose service in the Negro Baseball Leagues prior to 1946 and the Major Leagues thereafter total at least ten (10) years or portions thereof.” Actually, Doby played 13 years in the American League batting .283 and hitting 253 home runs. George Davis, a switch-hitting shortstop whose career spanned 20 years (1890–1909), was also elected. He collected 2,665 career hits and compiled a .295 batting average. Larry Doby: Year 1966 1967 1967 Run-off

Percentage of Votes 2.3 3.4 0.3

Rank

George Davis: Surprisingly, Davis did not receive any votes in the Veterans Election

81

1999

of 1936, nor did he garner support on any subsequent Baseball Writers’ elections.

1999 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION For the first time since the initial election in 1936, three players were inducted in their first year of eligibility. Nolan Ryan received the second highest percentage of votes of votes in history. George Brett with 3,154 hits and Robin Yount with 3,142 hits were also elected. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .17 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot 11* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 3 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

*Ryan, Brett, Yount, Fisk and Murphy not eligible in 1998. Player Nolan Ryan George Brett Robin Yount Carlton Fisk Perez Carter Garvey Rice Sutter Kaat Dale Murphy John Parker Minoso Blyleven Concepcion Tiant

Percentage of Votes 98.8 98.2 77.5 66.4 60.8 33.8 30.2 29.4 24.3 20.1 19.3 18.7 16.1 14.7 14.1 11.9 10.7

Result Elected Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE In his last year on the Baseball Writers Association ballot Orlando Cepeda missed election by the narrowest of margins. After a four-year wait he achieved the ultimate recognition. Cepeda compiled some impressive statistics in a 17-year career. A .297 batting average, .499 slugging average, 2,351 hits and 379 home runs ranked him among the leaders in these categories.

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Orlando Cepeda: Year 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994

Percentage of Votes 12.5 19.2 10.1 15.8 30.8 28.9 35.8 43.3 46.6 39.4 47.5 43.3 57.2 59.6 73.6

Rank 18th 15th 19th 16th 8th (tie) 9th (tie) 7th 4th 4th 6th 6th 6th 3rd 3rd 2nd

The 2000s 2000 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Carlton Fisk, who caught the most games (2,226) in the history of major league baseball, over a 24-year career, was the leading vote-getter with 79.6 percent. Tony Perez with 2,732 career hits and 379 home runs was the only other player able to receive the required 75 percent. Perez currently ranks eighteenth on the lifetime runs batted in list with 1,652. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .16 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot 13* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93

*Gossage and Morris not eligible in 1999 Player Fisk Perez Rice Carter Sutter Rich Gossage Garvey

Percentage of Votes 79.6 77.2 51.5 49.7 38.5 33.3 32.1

Result Elected Elected

83

2001 Player John Kaat Murphy Jack Morris Parker Blyleven Tiant Concepcion Hernandez

Percentage of Votes 27.1 25.1 23.2 22.2 20.8 17.4 17.2 13.4 10.4

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE In the year when Gil Hodges seemed to be the popular choice, the Veterans’ Committee selected Bid McPhee, a nineteenth century second baseman. McPhee spent his entire career with Cincinnati (1882–1899) compiling 2,250 hits and a batting average of .271. In addition he led the league eight years in fielding percentage. Interestingly, McPhee did not receive a single vote in the Veterans Election of 1936 nor in any subsequent Baseball Writers’ elections.

2001 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION The long and the short of it were elected in their first year of eligibility. The rangy Dave Winfield and stubby Kirby Puckett, teammates for two years with the Minnesota Twins, were named to the Hall of Fame. Winfield, in 22 seasons, collected 3,110 hits and 465 home runs. Puckett was forced to retire after 12 years because of eye problems but had 2,304 hits and a career .318 batting average. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .16 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot 13* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95

*Winfield, Puckett and Mattingly not eligible in 2000 Player Dave Winfield Kirby Puckett Carter Rice Sutter Gossage

Percentage of Votes 84.5 82.1 64.9 57.9 47.6 44.3

Result Elected Elected

84

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Garvey John Don Mattingly Kaat Blyleven Morris Murphy Parker Concepcion Tiant

Percentage of Votes 34.2 28.3 28.2 27.0 23.5 19.6 18.1 16.3 14.4 12.2

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Bill Mazeroski, regarded by many as the best fielding second baseman of all time, was selected in his sixth year of Veterans’ Committee eligibility. He collected 2,016 hits in a 17-year career all with the Pittsburgh Pirates. Mazeroski is still the leader in double plays involving second basemen. Bill Mazeroski: Year 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992

Percentage of Votes 6.1 8.3 8.6 9.5 6.7 12.8 18.4 22.0 23.5 30.3 33.5 30.0 29.5 32.1 42.3

Rank 23rd 21st 20th 20th 22nd 17th 14th 12th 10th 8th 7th 8th 8th 8th 5th

2002 Ozzie Smith, “The Wizard,” was elected in his first year of eligibility. Credited by many experts as having revolutionized shortstop play, Smith compiled the second highest percentage of votes behind only Honus Wagner. He currently leads all shortstops in career double plays and assists. His 580 stolen bases rank thirteenth on the all-time list. In addition he collected 2,460 hits in a 19-year career. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

85

2003 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .17 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96

*Smith, Dawson and Trammell not eligible in 2001 Player Ozzie Smith Carter Rice Sutter Andre Dawson Gossage Garvey John Blyleven Kaat Morris Mattingly Tiant Alan Trammell Murphy Parker Concepcion

Percentage of Votes 91.7 72.7 55.1 50.4 45.3 43.0 28.4 26.9 26.3 23.1 20.6 20.3 18.0 15.7 14.8 14.0 11.9

Result Elected

2003 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Eddie Murray with 3,255 career hits (currently eleventh all-time) and 504 home runs (seventeenth all-time) was elected on his first try. Gary Carter, in his sixth year, after previously finishing fourth, sixth, fourth, third and second, made it into the winner’s circle. Carter, in 19 seasons, had 2,092 hits and 324 home runs. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .18 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Number who received 10% on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . 15* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

*Murray, Sandberg and Smith not eligible in 2002 Player Eddie Murray Carter Sutter Rice

Percentage of Votes 85.3 78.0 53.6 52.2

Result Elected Elected

86

Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Dawson Ryne Sandberg Lee Smith Gossage Blyleven Garvey Kaat John Morris Trammell Mattingly Murphy Concepcion Parker

Percentage of Votes 50.0 49.2 42.3 42.1 29.2 27.8 26.2 23.4 22.8 14.1 13.7 11.7 11.1 10.3

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE History repeated itself when the reconstituted Veterans’ Committee was unable to elect anyone to the Hall of Fame. The initial election in 1936 had the same result although 12 of the 13 who received more than 10 percent of the vote were eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. The 81 voters were unable to reach consensus among a group of highly qualified candidates.

Player Gil Hodges Tony Oliva Ron Santo Joe Torre Maury Wills Vada Pinson Joe Gordon Roger Maris Marty Marion Carl Mays Minnie Minoso Allie Reynolds Dick Allen Mickey Lolich Wes Ferrell Ken Boyer Don Newcombe Curt Flood Ken Williams Rocky Colavito Elston Howard Bob Meusel

Percentage of Votes Received 61.7 59.3 56.8 35.8 29.6 25.9 23.5 22.2 21.0 19.8 19.8 19.8 16.0 16.0 14.8 13.6 13.6 12.3 9.9 8.6 7.4 7.4

Highest Percentage Received in a Baseball Writers Association Election 63.4 47.3 43.1 22.2 40.6 15.7 28.5 43.1 40.0 2.3 21.1 33.6 18.9 25.5 3.6 25.5 15.3 15.1 0.5 0.5 20.7 5.0

87

2004, 2005

Player Bobby Bonds Ted Kluszewski Thurman Munson Mike Marshall

Percentage of Votes Received 6.2 4.9 4.9 3.7

Highest Percentage Received in a Baseball Writers Association Election 10.6 14.4 15.5 1.5

2004 Paul Molitor and Dennis Eckersley, both in their first year of eligibility, were elected. Molitor ranks eighth on the all-time hit list with 3,319. He batted .306 over 21 major league seasons. Eckersley, who made the transition from starter to reliever, won Most Valuable Player and Cy Young awards. He is third on the career saves list and made 1,071 appearances in a remarkable 24-year career. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 506 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .16 Number of Hall of Famers through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 Number of players who received 10 percent on the previous ballot 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100

*Molitor and Eckersley not eligible in 2003 Player Paul Molitor Dennis Eckersley Sandberg Sutter Rice Dawson Gossage Smith Blyleven Morris Garvey John Trammell Mattingly Concepcion Parker

Percentage of Votes 85.2 83.2 61.1 59.5 54.5 50.0 40.7 36.6 35.4 26.3 24.3 21.9 13.8 12.8 11.3 10.5

Result Elected Elected

2005 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Wade Boggs was elected on his first year on the ballot. His imposing credentials include 3,010 career hits and a .328 lifetime batting average. Ryne

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Sandberg, elected on his third try, was a ten-time All-Star and nine-time Gold Glove winner and currently leads all second basemen with 282 home runs. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .16 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Number receiving 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . 14* Number of players selected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . .2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

*Boggs not eligible in 2004

Player Wade Boggs Sandberg Sutter Rice Gossage Dawson Blyleven Smith Morris John Garvey Trammell Parker Mattingly Concepcion Murphy

Percentage of Votes 91.9 76.2 66.7 59.5 55.2 52.3 40.9 38.8 33.3 23.8 20.5 16.9 12.6 11.4 10.7 10.5

Result Elected Elected

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE Once again the 80 committee members who voted were unable to reach agreement on the 25 players comprising the final ballot. Player Hodges Santo Oliva Jim Kaat Torre Wills Pinson Luis Tiant Maris Marion K. Boyer Gordon

Percentage of Votes 65.0 65.0 56.3 53.8 45.0 32.5 28.8 25.0 23.8 20.0 18.8 17.5

Rank in 2003 1st 3rd 2nd First year 4th 5th 6th First year 8th 9th 16 (tie) 7th

89

2006

Player Mays Minoso Allen Flood W. Ferrell Lolich Newcombe Sparky Lyle E. Howard Bonds Colavito Munson Smokey Joe Wood

Percentage of Votes 15.0 15.0 15.0 12.5 11.3 11.3 10.0 8.8 7.5 5.0 5.0 2.5 2.5

Rank in 2003 10th (tie) 10th (tie) 13th (tie) 18th 15th 13th (tie) 16th (tie) First year 21st (tie) 23rd 20th 24th (tie) First year

2006 In his thirteenth year on the ballot Bruce Sutter became the fourth relief pitcher to be elected to the Hall of Fame. He recorded 300 saves in a career that spanned 13 years. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Number of players receiving 10 percent of the votes . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Number in Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 14* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 1 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103

*Hershiser not eligible in 2005 Player Sutter Rice Gossage Dawson Blyleven Smith Morris John Garvey Trammell Parker Concepcion Mattingly Orel Hershiser Murphy

Percentage of Votes 76.9 64.8 64.6 61.0 53.3 45.0 41.2 29.6 26.0 17.7 14.4 12.5 12.3 11.2 10.8

Result Elected

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

2007 BASEBALL WRITERS ASSOCIATION ELECTION Cal Ripken and Tony Gwynn were near unanimous choices in their first year of eligibility. Both are members of the exclusive 3,000 hit-club and Ripken’s 2,632 consecutive games played stands alone. Gwynn’s .325 career batting average currently puts him in a tie for seventeenth on the all-time list. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .14 Number of players in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . 11* Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105

*Ripken, Gwynn and McGwire not eligible in 2006 Player Ripken Gwynn Gossage Rice Dawson Blyleven Smith Morris Mark McGwire John Garvey Concepcion Trammell Parker

Percentage of Votes 98.5 97.6 71.2 63.5 56.7 47.7 39.8 37.1 23.5 22.9 21.1 13.6 13.4 11.4

Result Elected Elected

VETERANS COMMITTEE For the third successive ballot the reconstituted Veterans Committee failed to elect a candidate. It would appear that the relatively large number of highly qualified players created a problem for the voters in deciding upon the most deserving. Eighty-two ballots were cast with the following results. Name Ron Santo Jim Kaat Gil Hodges Tony Oliva Maury Wills Joe Torre Don Newcombe

Percentage of Votes 69.5 63.4 61.0 57.3 40.2 31.7 20.7

Rank in 2005 Election 1st (tie) 4th 1st (tie) 3rd 6th 5th 19th

91

2008 Name Vada Pinson Roger Maris Lefty O’Doul Luis Tiant Curt Flood Al Oliver Mickey Vernon Minnie Minoso Cecil Travis Richie Allen Marty Marion Joe Gordon Ken Boyer Mickey Lolich Wes Ferrell Sparky Lyle Carl Mays Thurman Munson Rocky Colavito Bobby Bonds

Percentage of Votes 19.5 18.3 18.3 18.3 17.1 17.1 17.1 14.6 14.6 13.4 13.4 12.2 11.0 9.8 8.5 7.3 7.3 7.3 6.1 1.2

Rank in 2005 Election 7th 9th First year 8th 16th First year First year 13th (tie) First year 13th (tie) 10th 12th 11th 17th (tie) 17th (tie) 20th 13th (tie) 24th 22nd (tie) 22nd (tie)

2008 BASEBALL WRITERS’ ASSOCIATION ELECTION Rich Gossage became the fifth reliever to be elected. He accumulated 310 saves in a distinguished 22-year career. Jim Rice, on his next-to-last try, was a scant 2.8 percent short of the required 75 percent. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 543 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Number of players receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . .14 Number in the Hall of Fame by 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Number with 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11* Number of players elected this year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 Cumulative Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106

*Raines not eligible in 2007

Player Gossage Rice Dawson Blyleven Smith Morris John Tim Raines McGwire Trammell Concepcion Mattingly

Percentage of Votes 85.8 72.2 65.9 61.9 43.3 42.9 29.1 24.3 23.6 18.2 16.2 15.8

Result Elected

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting Player Parker Murphy

Percentage of Votes 15.1 13.8

Result

VETERANS’ COMMITTEE ELECTION After failing to elect a candidate to the Hall of Fame since 2001, the Veterans’ Committee tried a new approach in an effort to break the existing log jam. Two separate committees were formed. A 12-member group voted on 10 players whose careers began before 1943. The results were: Player Joe Gordon Allie Reynolds Wes Ferrell Mickey Vernon Deacon White Bucky Walters Sherry Magee Carl Mays Bill Dahlen Vern Stephens

Percentage of 83.3 66.7 50.0 41.7 41.7 33.3 25.0 less than three less than three less than three

Votes

votes votes votes

Rank in 2007 election 19th

23rd (tie)

Gordon’s election comes some 50 years after his retirement. His career was shortened by two years in the military, but in 11 years he was selected to 9 All-Star teams. In addition he was the American League MVP in 1942 Joe Gordon: Year 1945 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1964RO 1966 1967 1967RO 1968 1969 1970

Percentage of Votes 0.4 0.4 2.1 4.1 4.1 2.5 14.9 0.4 10.3 22.6 4.2 27.2 28.5 26.3

Rank 59th tie 52nd tie 43rd tie 48th tie 45th tie 39th tie 20th 27th tie 20th 14th 20th tie 12th 9th 14th tie

The second committee was composed of the 64 living Hall of Famers who voted on 10 players who were active since 1943. This group was unable to reach the 75 percent necessary to select anyone from a highly qualified list of candidates.

93

2009 Player Percentage of Votes Ron Santo 60.9 Jim Kaat 59.4 Tony Oliva 51.6 Gil Hodges 43.8 Joe Torre 29.7 Maury Wills 23.4 Luis Tiant 20.3 Vada Pinson 18.8 Al Oliver 14.1 Dick Allen 10.9

Rank 1st 2nd 4th 3rd 6th 5th 9th tie 8th 12th tie 17th tie

2009 Rickey Henderson was a near unanimous choice in his first year on the ballot. His career spanned 25 years and his 1,406 stolen bases currently stand alone. Jim Rice, on the other hand, gained recognition in his final year on the ballot. In 16 years he compiled a .298 batting average and 382 home runs. Number of writers voting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539 Number of players receiving votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Number receiving 10 percent or more of the votes . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Number in the Hall of Fame through 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Number who received 10 percent on the previous ballot . . . . . . . . . 12 Number of players elected to the Hall of Fame this year . . . . . . . . . . 2 Cumulative Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

*Henderson not eligible in 2008

Player Rickey Henderson Rice Dawson Blyleven Smith Morris John Raines McGwire Trammell Parker Mattingly Murphy

Percentage of Votes 94.8 76.4 67.0 62.7 44.5 44.0 31.7 22.6 21.9 17.4 15.0 11.9 11.5

Result Elected Elected

Summary In analyzing Hall of Fame balloting, one factor becomes immediately apparent. The Baseball Writers Association over a 73-year period has been

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

very consistent in the voting process. It also speaks well of the work of the Veterans’ Committee in recent years in selecting candidates who had ranked high in Baseball Writers Association voting. From 1966 through 2009, 13 to 24 players received at least 10 percent of the vote in each election. In that same period the number who failed to garner at least 10 percent of the vote in the previous year’s election ranged as follows: Number Not Receiving: 10 percent of Vote 0 1 2 3 4 5

Number of Times 16 14 8 2 1 2

These figures are adjusted to take into consideration players who were not eligible on the prior year’s ballot, the assumption being that they would have achieved 10 percent had they been eligible. In reviewing the status of those currently under consideration by the Baseball Writers, several prominent names appear: Name Tommy John Dave Parker Bert Blyleven Dale Murphy Jack Morris Don Mattingly Andre Dawson Alan Trammell Lee Smith Mark McGwire Tim Raines

First Year Eligible 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2002 2003 2007 2008

Highest Percentage Received 31.7 22.4 62.7 23.2 44.0 28.2 67.0 18.2 44.5 23.6 24.3

Last Year on Ballot 2009 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2016 2017 2021 2022

The Veterans Committee: A Continuing Dilemma In August of 2001 the Hall of Fame Board of Directors revised the Veterans’ Committee drastically. The two areas most affected were membership and eligibility. The National Baseball Hall of Fame press release stated: Membership: The current 15-member Veterans Committee is replaced by a group comprised of the living members of the Baseball Hall of Fame (61), the

The Veterans Committee

95

living recipients of the J.G. Taylor Spink Award (13), and the current Veterans Committee members whose terms have not yet expired (3). This group increases the size of the existing committee six-fold. Eligible candidates: All players who played in at least 10 major league seasons, including those from the 19th century, who are not on Major League Baseball’s ineligible list, and who are not being considered by the Baseball Writers Association, are eligible for election by the new Veterans Committee.

Hopefully, the new regulations will help to remedy a situation that was limiting the number of potential candidates who began their careers after 1945. One prior restriction required that players receive at least 100 votes in any one Baseball Writers’ Association of America election up to and including the 1991 election. In order to see how many candidates were available to the Veterans’ Committee under these regulations, all the Baseball Writers’ Association elections were reviewed. Only five players whose careers began before 1946 ever received 100 or more votes in an election. They are: Gil Hodges Marty Marion Allie Reynolds Phil Cavaretta Johnny Sain

14 times 5 times 3 times 1 time 1 time

Of those whose careers began in 1946 or later the following accumulated 100 votes: Maury Wills Roger Maris Tony Oliva Harvey Kuenn Luis Tiant Ken Boyer Ron Santo Mickey Lolich Jim Kaat

9 times (once after 1991) 7 times 13 times (5 times after 1991) 8 times 1 time 1 time 9 times (7 times after 1991) 1 time 12 times (11 times after 1991)

The second and more restrictive phrase required 60 percent of the vote for players who began their careers after 1945. Starting with the 1992 ballot 100 votes was no longer adequate. To date every player who achieved the 60 percent standard was ultimately elected to the Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers. The only player who exceeded 60 percent and is not yet in the Hall of Fame is Gil Hodges. He topped that number on three occasions. Currently Andre Dawson and Bert Blyleven have exceeded 60 percent. Whether this duo achieves eventual election remains to be seen. Had the revised regulations not been put into effect only Wills, Maris, Kuenn, Santo, Boyer, Oliva, Lolich, Tiant and Kaat would have been eligible for future Veterans’ Committee consideration. It seems clear that the Veterans’ Committee, in a period of 5 to 10 years, would have exhausted the

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supply of viable candidates who began their careers after World War II (1945). While the jury will remain out until the results of the next few elections are in, at least it levels the playing field for the players of the post-war era. Following Mazeroski’s election in 2001, the Veterans’ Committee was unable to make another selection. Consequently, another structural change was made before the 2008 voting occurred. Basically, the new arrangement calls for two separate elections, one for players whose careers began in 1943 or later, the other for players whose careers began in 1942 or earlier. In each case a Screening Committee selects ten players for consideration. The 12-person committee voting for the older group of players tapped Joe Gordon for election. The committee responsible for voting for the post–1942 players consists of all the living Hall of Famers, currently 61 in number. This group, again, was unable to elect a candidate. The high qualifications of the ten candidates seem to make it impossible for the committee to reach a consensus.

Hall of Famers Decade in Which Careers Began Pre–1900 1900–1909 1910–1919 1920–1929 1930–1939 1940–1945 1946–1949 1950–1959 1960–1969 1970–1979 1980–1989 Totals

Baseball Writers’ Association 4 5 9 16 9 3 6 18 20 13 5 108

Veterans Committee 36 11 13 15 9 4 3 3 0 0 0 94

Total 40 16 22 31 18 7 9 21 20 13 5 202

It is interesting to note that the only Veterans’ Committee selections whose careers began after 1945 are Richie Ashburn (1948) elected in 1995, Jim Bunning (1955) elected in 1996, Nelson Fox (1947) elected in 1997, Larry Doby (1947) elected in 1998, Orlando Cepeda (1958) elected in 1999, and Bill Mazeroski (1956) elected in 2001. Had the previous regulations remained in effect, there would have been very few post-war players elected into the Hall of Fame via the Veterans’ Committee. The following table lists the highest percentage of votes received by players who failed to obtain the required 75 percent necessary for election by the Baseball Writers:

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The Veterans Committee

Name/Position Nelson Fox 2B Jim Bunning P Orlando Cepeda 1B Frank Chance 1B Enos Slaughter OF Rube Waddell P Johnny Evers 2B Miller Huggins 2B Gil Hodges 1B Ed Walsh P Edd Roush OF Roger Bresnahan C Sam Rice OF Ed Delahanty OF Eppa Rixey P Max Carey OF Jimmy Collins 3B Pee Wee Reese SS Tony Oliva OF Lefty Gomez P Ray Schalk C Chief Bender P Clark Griffith P Johnny Mize 1B Roger Maris OF Ron Santo 3B Hal Newhouser P Red Schoendienst 2B Steve Garvey 1B Bill Mazeroski 2B Richie Ashburn OF Maury Wills SS Marty Marion SS Harvey Kuenn OF Al Lopez C Phil Rizzuto SS Hack Wilson OF Wilbert Robinson C Hughie Jennings SS George Kell 3B Hank Gowdy C Phil Cavaretta 1B Burleigh Grimes P Johnny Sain P Kiki Cuyler OF Allie Reynolds P Tony Lazzeri 2B Jim Bottomley 1B Hugh Duffy OF Tommy John P

Highest % of Votes 74.7 74.2 73.6 72.5 68.9 65.3 64.4 63.9 63.4 56.9 54.3 53.8 53.2 52.9 52.8 51.1 49.0 47.9 47.3 46.1 45.0 44.7 43.7 43.6 43.1 43.1 42.8 42.6 42.6 42.3 41.7 40.6 40.0 39.3 39.0 38.4 38.3 38.2 37.2 36.8 35.9 35.6 34.2 34.0 33.8 33.6 33.2 33.1 33.1 31.7

Status Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee VC as a Manager Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee VC as an Executive Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Eligible VC as a Manager Veterans Committee Veterans Committee VC as a Manager Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible

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Part I : A History of Hall of Fame Voting

Name/Position Red Faber P Luis Tiant P Frank Baker 3B Johnny Vander Meer P Jim Kaat P Arky Vaughan SS Joe Gordon 2B Chuck Klein OF Mordecai Brown P Joe Tinker SS Eddie Plank P Joe McGinnity P Ken Boyer 3B Mickey Lolich P Mel Harder P Bobby Doerr 2B Mickey Vernon 1B Fred Clarke OF Lew Burdette P Bucky Walters P Lloyd Waner OF Casey Stengel OF Zack Wheat OF Ross Youngs OF Joe Torre C Alvin Dark SS Orestes Minoso OF Elston Howard C Tommy Henrich OF Billy Herman 2B Waite Hoyt P Roy Face P Dick Allen 1B Joe Wood P John McGraw 3B Pepper Martin OF Bucky Harris 2B Lefty O’Doul OF Ernie Lombardi C Dave Bancroft SS Dave Concepcion SS Earl Combs OF Vada Pinson OF Thurman Munson C Don Newcombe P Curt Flood OF Walker Cooper C Ted Kluszewski 1B Addie Joss P Rube Marquard P

Highest % of Votes 30.9 30.9 30.4 29.8 29.6 29.0 28.5 27.9 27.7 27.2 27.0 26.2 25.5 25.5 25.4 25.0 24.9 24.9 24.1 23.7 23.4 23.1 23.0 22.4 22.2 21.3 21.1 20.7 20.7 20.2 19.2 18.9 18.9 18.0 17.4 17.3 16.9 16.7 16.4 16.2 16.2 16.0 15.7 15.5 15.3 15.1 14.4 14.4 14.2 13.9

Status Veterans Committee Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee VC as a Manager Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Eligible VC as a Manager Eligible VC as a Manager Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Veterans Committee

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The Veterans Committee

Name/Position Babe Adams P Goose Goslin OF Duffy Lewis OF Sparky Lyle P Stan Coveleski P Don Larsen P Terry Moore OF Dom DiMaggio OF Orel Hershiser P Chick Hafey OF Keith Hernandez 1B Bobby Bonds OF Vic Raschi P Jimmy Dykes 3B Johnny Kling C Dickie Kerr P

Highest % of Votes 13.7 13.5 13.5 13.1 12.8 12.3 11.7 11.3 11.2 10.8 10.8 10.6 10.2 10.0 10.0 10.0

Status Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Veterans Committee Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible

Of the 116 players who achieved between 10 percent and 74.7 percent of the vote in a Baseball Writers’ Association election, 65 (56.0 percent) were elected to the Hall of Fame by the Veterans’ Committee, and 51 (44.0 percent) are presently eligible or will be eligible for Veterans’ Committee consideration.

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PART II: HALL OF FAMERS— OTHER FACTORS AND OTHER AWARDS Introduction Without fail, the Baseball Hall of Fame elections spark a controversy every year. The long-suffering Nelson Fox followers were appeased when he was finally recognized after 15 years on the Baseball Writers’ Association ballot, followed by an 11-year wait on the Veterans Committee list. Earlier the Reese vs. Rizzuto battle was waged. With closely matched statistics why was “Pee Wee” in and “The Scooter” left out? A Cooperstown restaurant placed a sign in the window expressing hope that “The Scooter” would receive his just “desserts,” so to speak. That dilemma was resolved when Rizzuto was elected by the Veterans Committee in 1994. Part II of this study reviews such factors as where the Hall of Famers played, what relationship exists between other annual baseball awards such as the Most Valuable Player and Rookie of the Year awards and Hall of Fame election, the influence of a player’s longevity in the game to the Hall of Fame award, and the emergence of ethnic minorities in the Hall of Fame choices.

Where Did the Hall of Famers Play? One issue which surfaces periodically is the effect of the news media and concerted publicity campaigns upon Hall of Fame balloting. Perhaps the most celebrated case which is still being rehashed today was the 1946 vote of the Veterans Committee that inducted Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and Frank Chance as a double play combination. Whether the power of the Chicago press or the poem extolling the talents of the trio played a role in their election will continue to be debated. Undoubtedly, public pressure has been brought to bear in other cases too numerous to mention. To explore the question of whether the larger cities have a disproportionate share of the voting power and hence a corner 101

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Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

on the market, I analyzed where each Hall of Famer played throughout his career. Some cases required no particular effort as in the following example:

MIKE SCHMIDT City Philadelphia

Games 2404

Percentage of Games 100.000%

Conversion 1.000

Others required a more involved breakdown:

REGGIE JACKSON City Kansas City Oakland Baltimore New York California Totals

Games 35 1,311 134 653 687 2,820

Percentage of Games 1.241% 46.489% 4.752% 23.156% 24.362% 100.000%

Conversion 0.012 0.465 0.048 0.232 0.244 1.001

In the case of pitchers the same procedure was followed except that games pitched in each location was used.

STEVE CARLTON City St. Louis Philadelphia San Francisco Chicago Cleveland Minnesota Totals

Games 190 499 6 10 23 13 741

Percentage of Games 25.641% 67.341% 0.810% 1.350% 3.104% 1.754% 100.000%

Conversion 0.256 0.673 0.008 0.014 0.031 0.018 1.000

The next step was to calculate the number of years that each city had a franchise, using the following procedure.

CHICAGO League National American Union Association Players Federal Total

Years 1876–2009 1901–2009 1884 1890 1914–1915

Total Franchise Years 134 109 1 1 2 247

It was necessary to subtract five years from each active franchise to coin-

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Where Did the Hall of Famers Play?

cide with the waiting period required for Hall of Fame consideration. Because Chicago has two franchises, a total of 10 years were subtracted from the total of 247 franchise years. The following table shows the results of the computation. “BWA” again refers to the Baseball Writers’ Association elections, and “VC” to the Veterans Committee selections.

HALL OF FAMERS BY CITY ACTIVE FRANCHISES Franchises N.Y./Brooklyn (2) Chicago (2) Philadelphia (1) Boston (1) St. Louis (1) Cincinnati (1) Pittsburgh (1) Cleveland (1) Detroit (1) L.A./Anaheim (2) S.F./Oakland (2) Washington, D.C. (1) Baltimore (1) Kansas City (1) Milwaukee (1) Minnesota (1) Houston (1) Atlanta (1) San Diego (1) Texas (1) Seattle (1) Toronto (1) Colorado (1) Florida (1) Tampa Bay (1) Arizona (1) Totals (30)

No. Years 315 247 194 189 187 135 131 129 117 101 94 91 79 60 56 49 48 44 41 38 34 33 17 17 12 12 2,470

Wait Net –10 –10 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –10 –10 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5 –5

Years 305 237 189 184 182 130 126 124 112 91 84 86 74 55 51 44 43 39 36 33 29 28 12 12 7 7

BWA 21.140 10.915 6.608 9.104 8.418 3.028 5.874 5.800 5.068 4.239 6.031 2.043 4.886 1.268 4.061 2.707 0.884 1.494 2.411 0.645 0.128 0.220

VC 23.511 12.928 9.030 8.735 8.327 5.311 6.829 6.552 3.951 0.042 0.525 2.631 1.587 0.208 0.202 0.065 0.189

0.087 107.059

0.087 90.623

INACTIVE FRANCHISES City Montreal Louisville Buffalo Providence Indianapolis Columbus Troy

Years 36 20 10 8 6 5 4

BWA 0.811 0.128

VC

Total 44.651 23.843 15.638 17.839 16.745 8.339 12.703 12.352 9.019 4.281 6.556 4.674 6.473 1.476 4.263 2.707 0.949 1.683 2.411 0.645 0.128 0.220

0.646 1.063 0.812 0.109

Total 0.811 0.774 1.063 0.812 0.109

0.680

0.680

197.682

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Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors City Worcester Hartford Syracuse Toledo Newark Richmond Rochester Totals Cumulative Totals

Years 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 101 2,571

BWA

VC 0.006

Total 0.006

0.074

0.074

3.390 94.013

4.329 202.011

.

.939 107.998

Managers and the Hall of Fame Name Joe McCarthy Charles Comiskey Frank Selee Billy Southworth Frank Chance John McGraw Al Lopez Earl Weaver Cap Anson Fred Clarke Davey Johnson Steve O’Neill Walter Alston Bobby Cox Mike Scioscia Miller Huggins Bill Terry Patsy Tebeau Billy Martin Harry Wright Charlie Grimm Sparky Anderson Hughie Jennings Joe Cronin Leo Durocher Fielder Jones Danny Murtaugh Joe Torre Jimy Williams Tony LaRussa Whitey Herzog Ned Hanlon Tommy Lasorda Terry Francona Bill McKechnie

First/Last Year 1926–1950 1883–1894 1890–1905 1929–1951 1905–1923 1899–1932 1951–1969 1968–1986 1879–1898 1897–1915 1984–2000 1935–1954 1954–1976 1978–2009 2000–2009 1913–1929 1932–1941 1890–1900 1969–1988 1876–1893 1932–1960 1970–1995 1907–1925 1933–1947 1939–1973 1904–1918 1957–1976 1977–2009 1986–2004 1979–2009 1973–1990 1889–1907 1976–1996 1997–2009 1915–1946

Years Managed 24 12 16 13 11 33 17 17 20 19 14 14 23 28 10 17 10 11 16 18 19 26 16 15 24 10 15 28 12 31 18 19 21 10 25

Pct. .615 .608 .598 .597 .593 .586 .584 .583 .578 .576 .564 .559 .558 .556 .556 .555 .555 .555 .553 .548 .547 .545 .543 .540 .540 .540 .540 .540 .535 .535 .532 .530 .526 .525 .524

Won 2125 840 1284 1044 946 2763 1410 1480 1292 1602 1148 1040 2040 2413 900 1413 823 726 1253 1000 1287 2194 1184 1236 2008 683 1115 2246 910 2552 1281 1313 1599 850 1896

Lost 1333 541 862 704 648 1948 1004 1060 945 1181 888 821 1613 1930 720 1134 661 583 1013 825 1067 1834 995 1055 1709 582 950 1915 790 2217 1125 1164 1439 770 1723

Status HF Mgr. HF Exec HF Mgr HF Mgr HF Player HF Mgr HF Mgr HF Mgr HF Player HF Player HF Mgr Active 2009 Active 2009 HF Mgr HF Player HF Exec HF Mgr HF Player HF Player HF Mgr Active 2009 Active 2009 HF Mgr. HF Mgr HF Mgr Active 2009 HF Mgr

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Managers and the Hall of Fame

Name Red Schoendienst Clark Griffith Lou Piniella Dusty Baker Dick Williams Bill Virdon Jack McKeon Johnny Oates Cito Gaston Birdie Tebbetts Buck Showalter Frankie Frisch Ralph Houk Bobby Valentine Alvin Dark Charlie Dressen Don Zimmer Casey Stengel Paul Richards Buck Rodgers Felipe Alou Mike Hargrove Fred Hutchinson Roger Craig Wilbert Robinson Art Howe Jim Leyland Chuck Tanner George Stallings Bucky Harris Bruce Bochy Lou Boudreau Connie Mack Luke Sewell John McNamara Bill Rigney Jim Fregosi Phil Garner Gene Mauch Tom Kelly Jimmy Dykes Burt Shotton Frank Robinson Lee Fohl Branch Rickey Gus Schmelz Jeff Torborg Rogers Hornsby Dave Bristol Fred Haney

First/Last Year 1965–1990 1901–1920 1986–2009 1993–2009 1967–1988 1972–1984 1973–2005 1991–2001 1989–2009 1954–1966 1992–2006 1933–1951 1961–1984 1985–2002 1961–1977 1934–1966 1972–1991 1934–1965 1951–1976 1980–1994 1992–2006 1991–2007 1952–1964 1978–1992 1902–1931 1989–2004 1986–2009 1970–1988 1897–1920 1924–1956 1995–2009 1942–1960 1894–1950 1941–1952 1969–1996 1956–1976 1978–2000 1992–2007 1960–1987 1986–2001 1934–1961 1928–1950 1975–2006 1915–1926 1913–1925 1884–1897 1977–2003 1925–1953 1966–1980 1939–1959

Years Managed 14 20 22 16 21 13 15 11 11 11 11 16 20 15 13 16 13 25 12 13 14 16 12 10 19 14 18 19 13 29 15 16 53 10 19 18 15 15 26 16 21 11 16 11 10 11 11 14 11 10

Pct. .522 .522 .521 .520 .520 .519 .518 .517 .516 .515 .514 .514 .514 .510 .510 .509 .508 .508 .506 .503 .503 .503 .501 .500 .500 .498 .496 .495 .495 .493 .490 .487 .486 .485 .485 .484 .484 .483 .483 .478 .477 .477 .475 .474 .473 .470 .469 .463 .462 .454

Won 1041 1491 1784 1314 1571 995 1011 797 809 748 882 1138 1619 1117 994 1008 885 1905 923 784 1033 1188 830 738 1399 1129 1412 1352 879 2157 1182 1162 3731 606 1160 1239 1028 985 1902 1140 1406 697 1065 713 597 624 634 701 657 629

Lost 955 1367 1639 1213 1451 921 940 746 760 705 833 1078 1531 1072 954 973 858 1842 901 774 1021 1173 827 737 1398 1137 1436 1381 898 2218 1230 1224 3948 644 1233 1321 1095 1054 2037 1244 1541 764 1176 792 664 703 718 812 764 757

Status HF Player HF Exec Active 2009 Active 2009 HF Mgr

Active 2009 HF Player

HF Mgr

HF Mgr Active 2009 HF Mgr Active 2009 HF Player HF Mgr

HF Player HF Exec HF Player

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Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Name Jimmy McAleer Bob Ferguson Jim Riggleman Billie Barnie Patsy Donovan Jack Chapman Total

First/Last Year 1901–1911 1876–1887 1992–2009 1883–1898 1897–1911 1876–1892

Years Managed 11 11 10 14 11 11 16.5

Pct. .453 .445 .444 .438 .438 .411 .520

Won Lost Status 735 889 299 373 555 694 Active 2009 632 810 684 879 351 502 109,943 101,356

Ninety-one individuals were identified who had managed for ten or more seasons. Of that number, 34 (37.4 percent) are in the Hall of Fame— 19 as managers, 11 as players, and 4 as executives. Only two managers have winning percentages greater than .600, while 31 (34.1 percent) are below .500. The winning percentage of the 91 managers is only .520, a mark somewhat lower than would be expected of a select group. Losing managers would usually not survive a minimum of ten years. It is interesting to note the homogeneous nature of the records: Range of Winning Pct. .480 to .520 .470 to .530 .460 to .540 .450 to .550 .440 to .560 .430 to .570 .420 to .580 .410 to .590 .400 to .600

Number of Cases 36 50 61 67 77 80 82 86 89

Pct. of Sample 39.6% 54.9% 67.0% 73.6% 84.6% 87.9% 90.1% 94.5% 97.8%

To see if any relationships existed between longevity and the Hall of Fame, I generated the following table: No. of Years as a Manager 53 33 31 29 28 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18

No. of Managers 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 3 6 4

Status One HF Mgr One HF Mgr One active One HF Mgr Two active One HF Mgr Two HF Mgrs Two HF Mgrs One HF Mgr One active Two HF Mgrs One HF Exec; One HF Player Two HF Mgrs; One HF Player One HF Exec; One active; One HF Mgr

Gold Glove Award and the Hall of Fame No. of Years as a Manager 17 16

No. of Managers 3 10

15 14 13 12 11 10

7 7 6 4 15 9

Total No. of Managers

107

Status Three HF Mgrs Four HF Players; One HF Mgr One active One HF Player; One active Two HF Players One HF Mgr One HF Exec One HF Player; One active One HF Exec; One HF Player; Three active

91

Twenty Managers have 20 or more years of service; thirteen are in the Hall of Fame (65.0 percent). Fifty Managers have 15 or more years of service; twenty-seven are in the Hall of Fame (54.0 percent). Ninety-one Managers have 10 or more years of service; thirty-four are in the Hall of Fame (37.4 percent). Sixteen Managers were either active during the 2009 season or not yet retired five years, which lowers the eligible number from 91 to 75. Frank Robinson is excluded from the count because he is already in the Hall of Fame. The 19 Hall of Famers selected as managers were all active a minimum of 13 years.

Gold Glove Award and the Hall of Fame The Gold Glove Awards was initiated in 1957 to recognize defensive excellence. There has always been some controversy among baseball writers as to exactly how much attention is given to fielding skills in Hall of Fame voting. With that issue in mind, I reviewed Gold Glove recipients by position. An asterisk (*) indicates the player is ineligible for consideration by the Veterans Committee.

PITCHERS Name Greg Maddux Jim Kaat

Number of Awards 18 16

Current Status Eligible in 2014 Fifteen years on BWA ballot; high of 29.6% in 1993

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Name Bob Gibson Bobby Shantz Mark Langston Mike Mussina Phil Niekro Ron Guidry Kenny Rogers Jim Palmer Harvey Haddix Andy Messersmith Mike Norris Rick Reuschel Steve Carlton Frank Lary Joaquin Andujar Mike Boddicker Ron Darling Orel Hershiser Bret Saberhagen Fernando Valenzuela Mike Hampton Johan Santana Mark Buehrle Adam Wainwright

Number of Awards 9 8 7 7 5 5 5 4 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Hall of Fame; 84.0% on first ballot Five BWA elections; 2.3% highest No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2014 Hall of Fame; 80.3% on fifth ballot Nine BWA elections; 7.9% highest Eligible in 2014 Hall of Fame; 92.6% on first ballot Nine BWA elections; 3.8% highest Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.4% Hall of Fame; 95.8% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% Two BWA elections; 11.2% highest One BWA election; 1.3% Two BWA elections; 6.3% highest Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

CATCHERS Name Ivan Rodriguez Johnny Bench Bob Boone Jim Sundberg Bill Freehan Del Crandall Tony Pena Charles Johnson Mike Matheny Earl Battey Sherman Lollar Gary Carter Lance Parrish Thurman Munson Benito Santiago Tom Pagnozzi Brad Ausmus Johnny Edwards Ray Fosse Elston Howard John Roseboro

Number of Awards 13 10 7 6 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2

Current Status Active 2009 Hall of Fame; 96.4% on first ballot Five BWA elections; 7.7% highest One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.5% Four BWA elections; 3.9% highest One BWA election; 0.4% Eligible in 2011 Eligible in 2012 No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 78.0% on sixth ballot One BWA election; 1.7% Fifteen BWA elections; 15.5% highest Eligible in 2010 No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 20.7% highest No votes in BWA elections

Gold Glove Award and the Hall of Fame

Name Bengie Molina Joe Mauer Yadier Molina Joe Torre Carlton Fisk Jody Davis Mike LaValliere Sandy Alomar Randy Hundley Mike Lieberthal Jason Varitek Russell Martin

Number of Awards 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

109

Current Status Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Fifteen BWA elections; 22.2% highest Hall of Fame; 79.6% on second ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2013 No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Active 2009

FIRST BASEMEN Name Keith Hernandez Don Mattingly George Scott Vic Power Bill White Wes Parker J. T. Snow Steve Garvey Mark Grace Gil Hodges Joe Pepitone Rafael Palmeiro Eddie Murray John Olerud Todd Helton Derrek Lee Mark Teixeira Cecil Cooper Jim Spencer Andres Galarraga Adrian Gonzalez Chris Chambliss Mike Jorgenson Mike Squires Jeff Bagwell Will Clark Mark McGwire Doug Mientkiewicz Darin Erstad Albert Pujols Kevin Youkillis Carlos Pena

Number of Awards 11 9 8 7 7 6 6 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Nine BWA elections; high of 10.8% in 1998 Ninth year on BWA ballot; high of 28.2% in 2001 One BWA election; 0.2% Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest Three BWA elections; 1.9% highest *Nine years in majors Eligible in 2014 Fifteen BWA elections; 42.6% highest One BWA election; 4.1% Fifteen BWA elections; 63.4% highest No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2011 Hall of Fame; 85.3% on first ballot Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2010 Active 2009 No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2011 One BWA election; 4.4% Third year on BWA ballot; high of 23.6% in 2008 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

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SECOND BASEMEN Name Roberto Alomar Ryne Sandberg Bill Mazeroski

Number of Awards 10 9 8

Frank White Joe Morgan Bobby Richardson Bobby Grich Craig Biggio Bret Boone Orlando Hudson Nelson Fox

8 5 5 4 4 4 4 3

Davey Johnson Bobby Knoop Harold Reynolds Manny Trillo Lou Whitaker Luis Castillo Tommy Helms Felix Millan Pokey Reese Fernando Vina Placido Polanco Glenn Beckert Frank Bolling Doug Flynn Doug Griffin Ken Hubbs Jose Lind Davy Lopes Charley Neal Robby Thompson Chuck Knoblauch Mark Grudzielanek Dustin Pedroia Brandon Phillips

3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Eligible in 2010 Hall of Fame; 76.2% on third ballot Hall of Fame VC 2001; Fifteen BWA elections; 42.3% highest One BWA election; 3.8% Hall of Fame; 81.8% on first ballot Three BWA elections; 2.0% highest One BWA election; 2.6% Eligible in 2013 Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC 1997; Fifteen BWA elections; 74.7% highest One BWA election; 0.7% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 2.9% Active 2009 One BWA election; 0.3% One BWA election; 0.3% *Eight years in majors Eligible in 2010 Active 2009 One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections *Eight years in majors *Three years in majors *Nine years in majors One BWA election; 0.5% *Eight years in majors No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009

THIRD BASEMEN Name Brooks Robinson Mike Schmidt Scott Rolen Buddy Bell Robin Ventura Eric Chavez

Number of Awards 16 10 7 6 6 6

Current Status Hall of Fame; 92.0% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 96.5% on first ballot Active 2009 One BWA election; 1.7% Eligible in 2010 Active 2009

Gold Glove Award and the Hall of Fame

Name Ken Boyer Doug Rader Ron Santo Gary Gaetti Matt Williams Frank Malzone Terry Pendleton Tim Wallach Ken Caminiti Wade Boggs Graig Nettles David Wright Adrian Beltre Clete Boyer George Brett Jim Davenport Kelly Gruber Ken Reitz Aurelio Rodriguez Scott Brosius Travis Fryman Mike Lowell Evan Longoria Ryan Zimmerman

Number of Awards 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Fifteen BWA elections; 25.5% highest No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 43.1% highest One BWA election; 0.8% One BWA election; 1.3% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.4% Hall of Fame; 91.9% on first ballot Four BWA elections; 8.4% highest Active 2009 Active 2009 Two BWA elections; 0.7% highest Hall of Fame; 98.2% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.4% Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

SHORTSTOPS Name Ozzie Smith Omar Vizquel Luis Aparicio Mark Belanger Dave Concepcion Tony Fernandez Alan Trammell Derek Jeter Roy McMillan Barry Larkin Rey Ordonez Jimmy Rollins Gene Alley Larry Bowa Don Kessinger Cal Ripken Zoilo Versalles Maury Wills Alex Rodriguez

Number of Awards 13 11 9 8 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Current Status Hall of Fame; 91.7% on first ballot Active 2009 Hall of Fame; 84.6% on sixth ballot One BWA election; 3.7% Fifteen BWA elections; 16.2% highest One BWA election; 0.7% Eighth year on BWA ballot; high of 18.2% in 2008 Active 2009 Three BWA elections; 2.3% highest Eligible in 2010 *Nine years in majors Active 2009 No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 2.5% One BWA election; 0.5% Hall of Fame; 98.5% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 40.6% highest Active 2009

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Name Edgar Renteria Orlando Cabrera Ruben Amaro Ernie Banks Eddie Brinkman Rick Burleson Leo Cardenas Jay Bell Jim Fregosi Alfredo Griffin Ozzie Guillen Bud Harrelson Dal Maxvill Roger Metzger Bobby Wine Robin Yount Neifi Perez Cesar Izturis Michael Young

Number of Awards 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Active 2009 Active 2009 No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 83.8% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 0.2% highest One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 1.0% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.0% One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 77.5% on first ballot Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Active 2009

LEFT FIELDERS Name Barry Bonds Carl Yastrzemski Minnie Minoso Joe Rudi Pete Rose Wally Moon Dusty Baker Norm Siebern Tom Tresh Rickey Henderson

Number of Awards 8 7 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Eligible in 2013 Hall of Fame; 94.6% on first ballot Fifteen BWA elections; 21.1% highest No votes in BWA elections *Ineligible for consideration One BWA election; 0.6% One BWA election; 0.9% No votes in BWA elections *Nine Years in majors Hall of Fame; 94.8% on first ballot

*indicates ineligible for consideration by the Veteran’s Committee

CENTER FIELDERS Name Willie Mays Ken Griffey, Jr. Andruw Jones Paul Blair Garry Maddox Jim Edmonds Torii Hunter Curt Flood Devon White

Number of Awards 12 10 10 8 8 8 8 7 7

Current Status Hall of Fame; 94.7% on first ballot Active 2009 Active 2009 One BWA election; 1.9% No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Fifteen BWA elections; 15.1% highest No votes in BWA elections

Gold Glove Award and the Hall of Fame

Name Dwayne Murphy Kirby Puckett Cesar Cedeno Jim Landis Dale Murphy Gary Pettis Andy Van Slyke Steve Finley Cesar Geronimo Fred Lynn Mickey Stanley Marquis Grissom Kenny Lofton Bernie Williams Willie Davis Willie McGee Eric Davis Amos Otis Mike Cameron Vernon Wells Tommy Agee Jimmy Piersall Ken Berry Darin Erstad Grady Sizemore Carlos Beltran Shane Victorino Jackie Brandt Vada Pinson Bill Virdon Darren Lewis Bob Dernier Mickey Mantle Vic Davalillo Rick Manning Juan Beniquez Rick Miller Willie Wilson Ellis Burks Jose Cruz, Jr. Aaron Rowand Nate McLouth Adam Jones Michael Bourn Matt Kemp

Number of Awards 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 82.1% on first ballot One BWA election; 0.5% No votes in BWA elections Eleventh year on BWA ballot; high of 23.2% in 2000 No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2013 No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 5.5% highest One BWA election; 0.5% Eligible in 2011 Eligible in 2013 Eligible in 2012 No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 5.0% highest One BWA election; 0.6% No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 Active 2009 No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 15.7% highest Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 88.2% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 2.0% Eligible in 2010 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

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RIGHT FIELDERS Name Roberto Clemente Al Kaline Ichiro Suzuki Andre Dawson

Number of Awards 12 10 9 8

Dwight Evans Dave Winfield Larry Walker Tony Gwynn Henry Aaron Bobby Bonds Dave Parker

8 7 7 5 3 3 3

Jesse Barfield Raul Mondesi Frank Robinson Ellis Valentine Jackie Jensen Roger Maris Tony Oliva Al Cowens Sixto Lezcano Reggie Smith Jay Buhner Shawn Green Bobby Murcer Jermaine Dye Bobby Abreu Jeff Francoeur

2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Hall of Fame; 92.7% in special election Hall of Fame; 88.3% on first ballot Active 2009 Eighth year on BWA ballot; high of 67.0% in 2009 Three BWA elections; 8.2% highest Hall of Fame; 84.5% on first ballot Eligible in 2011 Hall of Fame; 97.6% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 97.8% on first ballot Eleven BWA elections; 10.6% highest Thirteenth year on BWA ballot; high of 22.4% in 1998 No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2011 Hall of Fame; 89.2% on first ballot One BWA election; 0.2% Six BWA elections; 1.1% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 43.1% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 47.3% highest No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.7% One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2013 No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

Summary of Gold Glove Award Winners by Position Position Pitchers Catchers First Basemen Second Basemen Third Basemen Shortstops Left Fielders Center Fielders Right Fielders Totals

No. 26 33 32 35 30 38 10 54 27 285

# in Hall Players Under of Fame Consideration 4 0 3 0 1 2 4 0 4 0 5 1 2 0 3 1 6 2 32 6

Active 2009 4 7 9 5 7 8 0 14 4 58

Not Yet Eligible Eligible for VC Ineligible 3 15 0 5 18 0 5 14 1 5 16 5 1 18 0 2 21 1 1 5 2 7 29 0 3 12 0 32 148 9

Cy Young Award and the Hall of Fame

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Of the 285 players who have received a Gold Glove Award, only 32 (11.2 percent) are currently in the Hall of Fame. When the 99 players who are either still active, not yet retired for five years or technically ineligible are factored out, the percentage in the Hall of Fame increases to 17.2 percent.

Cy Young Award and the Hall of Fame From 1956 through 1966, the Cy Young Award recognized the outstanding pitcher in the major leagues. Beginning in 1967, the award was expanded to recognize the most valuable pitcher in each league. A summary of the winners is contained in the following list. An asterisk (*) indicates the player is ineligible for consideration by the Veterans Committee.

Name Roger Clemens Randy Johnson Steve Carlton Greg Maddux Sandy Koufax Tom Seaver Jim Palmer Pedro Martinez Denny McLain Bob Gibson Gaylord Perry Brett Saberhagen Tom Glavine Johan Santana Tim Lincecum Don Newcombe Warren Spahn Bob Turley Early Wynn Vernon Law Whitey Ford Don Drysdale Dean Chance Mike McCormick Jim Lonberg Mike Cuellar Jim Perry Ferguson Jenkins Vida Blue

Number of Awards 7 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Hall of Fame; 95.8% on first ballot Eligible in 2014 Hall of Fame; 86.9% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 98.8% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 92.6% on first ballot Active 2009 Three BWA elections; 0.7% highest Hall of Fame; 84.0% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 77.2% on third ballot One BWA election; 1.3% Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Fifteen BWA elections; 15.3% highest Hall of Fame; 83.2% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 76.0% on fourth ballot Seven BWA elections; 2.4% highest Hall of Fame; 77.8% on second ballot Hall of Fame; 78.4% on tenth ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 1.9% highest Hall of Fame; 75.4% on third ballot Four BWA elections; 8.7% highest

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Name Mike Marshall Jim Hunter Randy Jones Sparky Lyle Ron Guidry Bruce Sutter Mike Flanagan Steve Stone Fernando Valenzuela Rollie Fingers John Denny Rick Sutcliffe Dwight Gooden Mike Scott Steve Bedrosian Orel Hershiser Mark Davis Doug Drabek Pete Vuckovich *La Marr Hoyt Willie Hernandez Frank Viola Bob Welch Dennis Eckersley Jack McDowell David Cone John Smoltz Pat Hentgen Barry Zito Roy Halladay Eric Gagne Bartolo Colon Chris Carpenter Brandon Webb C. C. Sabathia Jake Peavy Cliff Lee Zack Greinke

Number of Awards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status One BWA election; 1.5% Hall of Fame; 76.3% on third ballot No votes in BWA elections Four BWA elections; 13.1% highest Nine BWA elections; 8.8% highest Hall of Fame; 76.9% on thirteenth ballot One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 6.3% highest Hall of Fame; 82.1% on second ballot No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.8% One BWA election; 3.3% One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.2% Two BWA elections; 11.2% highest One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections *Eight years in majors One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.2% Hall of Fame; 83.2% on first ballot One BWA election; 0.8% One BWA election; 3.9% Active 2009 Eligible in 2010 Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

SUMMARY Hall of Famers Under Consideration by BWA Active 2009 Not Yet Eligible Ineligible Eligible for VC consideration Total

Summary 15 0 14 5 1 32 67

Rookie of the Year Award and the Hall of Fame

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Of the 67 pitchers who have received the Cy Young Award, 15 (22.4 percent) are in the Hall of Fame. When the 20 pitchers who are still active, not yet eligible or ineligible are subtracted from the total, the percentage of Hall of Famers rises to 31.9 percent. Fifteen pitchers have won the award more than once. Six are in the Hall of Fame, four are still active, three are not yet eligible and two are Veterans Committee candidates.

Rookie of the Year Award and the Hall of Fame Between 1940 and 1946 the Chicago chapter of the Baseball Writer’s Association selected the outstanding rookie. In 1947 the award became nationally recognized with broader voting representation. The following list shows each award winner. An asterisk (*) indicates the player is ineligible for consideration by the Veterans Committee. Name

Year of Award

Jackie Robinson Alvin Dark Don Newcombe Roy Sievers Sam Jethroe Walt Dropo Willie Mays Gil McDougald Joe Black Harry Byrd Jim Gilliam Harvey Kuenn Wally Moon Bob Grim Bill Virdon Herb Score Frank Robinson Luis Aparicio Jack Sanford Tony Kubek Orlando Cepeda

1947 1948 Nat. 1949 Am. 1949 Nat. 1950 Am. 1950 Nat. 1951 Am. 1951 Nat. 1952 Am. 1952 Nat. 1953 Am. 1953 Nat. 1954 Am. 1954 Nat. 1955 Am. 1955 Nat. 1956 Am. 1956 Nat. 1957 Am. 1957 Nat. 1958

Albie Pearson Willie McCovey Bob Allison Frank Howard Ron Hansen Billy Williams

Am. 1958 Nat. 1959 Am. 1959 Nat. 1960 Am. 1960 Nat. 1961

Current Status Hall of Fame; 77.5% on first ballot Fifteen BWA elections; 21.3% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 15.3% highest Two BWA elections; 1.1% highest *Four years in majors One BWA election; 0.3% Hall of Fame; 94.7% on first ballot Nine BWA elections; 1.7% highest *Six years in majors *Seven years in majors No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 39.3% highest One BWA election; 0.6% *Eight years in majors Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest *Eight years in majors Hall of Fame; 89.2% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 84.6% on sixth ballot No votes in BWA elections *Nine years in majors Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; Fifteen BWA elections; 73.6% highest *Nine years in majors Hall of Fame; 81.4% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.4% No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 85.7% on sixth ballot

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Name Don Schwall Ken Hubbs Tom Tresh Pete Rose Gary Peters Dick Allen Tony Oliva Jim Lefebvre Curt Blefary Tommy Helms Tommy Agee Tom Seaver Rod Carew Johnny Bench Stan Bahnsen Ted Sizemore Lou Piniella Carl Morton Thurman Munson Earl Williams Chris Chambliss Jon Matlock Carlton Fisk Gary Matthews Al Bumbry Bake McBride Mike Hargrove John Montefusco Fred Lynn Butch Metzger Pat Zachry Mark Fidrych Andre Dawson Eddie Murray Bob Horner Lou Whitaker Rick Sutcliffe John Castino Alfredo Griffin Steve Howe Joe Charboneau Fernando Valenzuela Dave Righetti Steve Sax Cal Ripken Darryl Strawberry Ron Kittle Dwight Gooden Alvin Davis Vince Coleman Ozzie Guillen

Year of Award Am. 1961 Nat. 1962 Am. 1962 Nat. 1963 Am. 1963 Nat. 1964 Am. 1964 Nat. 1965 Am. 1965 Nat. 1966 Am. 1966 Nat. 1967 Am. 1967 Nat. 1968 Am. 1968 Nat. 1969 Am. 1969 Nat. 1970 Am. 1970 Nat. 1971 Am. 1971 Nat. 1972 Am. 1972 Nat. 1973 Am. 1973 Nat. 1974 Am. 1974 Nat. 1975 Am. 1975 Nat. 1976 Nat. 1976 Am. 1976 Nat. 1977 Am. 1977 Nat. 1978 Am. 1978 Nat. 1979 Am. 1979 Am. 1979 Nat. 1980 Am. 1980 Nat. 1981 Am. 1981 Nat. 1982 Am. 1982 Nat. 1983 Am. 1983 Nat. 1984 Am. 1984 Nat. 1985 Am. 1985

Current Status *Seven years in majors *Three years in majors *Nine years in majors *Ineligible for consideration No votes in BWA elections Fourteen BWA elections; 18.9% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 47.3% highest *Eight years in majors *Eight years in majors One BWA election; 0.3% No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 98.8% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 90.5% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 96.4% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.5% *Eight years in majors Fifteen BWA elections; 15.5% highest *Eight years in majors No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 79.6% on second ballot No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 5.5% highest *Five years in majors No votes in BWA elections *Five years in majors Eighth year on BWA ballot; 67.0% in 2009 Hall of Fame; 85.3% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 2.9% One BWA election; 1.8% *Six years in majors No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections *Three years in majors Two BWA elections; 6.3% highest One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.4% Hall of Fame; 98.5% on first ballot One BWA election; 1.2% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 3.3% *Nine years in majors One BWA election; 0.6% One BWA election; 1.0%

Rookie of the Year Award and the Hall of Fame Name Year of Award Todd Worrell Nat. 1986 Jose Canseco Am. 1986 Benito Santiago Nat. 1987 Mark McGwire Am. 1987 Chris Sabo Nat. 1988 Walt Weiss Am. 1988 Jerome Walton Nat. 1989 Gregg Olson Am. 1989 David Justice Nat. 1990 Sandy Alomar, Jr. Am. 1990 Jeff Bagwell Nat. 1991 Chuck Knoblauch Am. 1991 Eric Karros Nat. 1992 Pat Listach Am. 1992 Mike Piazza Nat. 1993 Tim Salmon Am. 1993 Raul Mondesi Nat. 1994 Bob Hamelin Am. 1994 Hideo Nomo Nat. 1995 Marty Cordova Am. 1995 Todd Hollandsworth Nat. 1996 Derek Jeter Am. 1996 Scott Rolen Nat. 1997 Nomar Garciaparra Am. 1997 Kerry Wood Nat. 1998 Ben Grieve Am. 1998 Scott Williamson Nat. 1999 Carlos Beltran Am. 1999 Rafael Furcal Nat. 2000 Kazuhiro Sasaki Am. 2000 Albert Pujols Nat. 2001 Ichiro Suzuki Am. 2001 Jason Jennings Nat. 2002 Eric Hinske Am. 2002 Dontrelle Willis Nat. 2003 Angel Berroa Am. 2003 Jason Bay Nat. 2004 Bobby Crosby Am. 2004 Ryan Howard Nat. 2005 Huston Street Am. 2005 Hanley Ramirez Nat. 2006 Justin Verlander Am. 2006 Ryan Braun Nat. 2007 Dustin Pedroia Am. 2007 Geovany Soto Nat. 2008 Evan Longoria Am. 2008 Chris Coghlan Nat. 2009 Andrew Bailey Am. 2009

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Current Status No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.1% Eligible in 2010 Third year on BWA ballot; 23.6% in 2008 *Nine years in majors One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2013 Eligible in 2011 One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2010 *Six years in majors Eligible in 2013 Eligible in 2012 Eligible in 2011 *Six years in majors Eligible in 2011 *Nine years in majors Eligible in 2012 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 *Nine years in majors Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Active 2009 *Four years in majors Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

The typical Rookie of the Year has not gone on to rack up Hall of Fame credentials. Only 13 of the 126 (10.3 percent) have achieved election. When

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the 34 players not currently eligible are subtracted, the Hall of Fame percentage becomes 14.1 percent. Surprisingly, 25 players did not participate in ten seasons, the minimum for Hall of Fame consideration. An additional 22, although technically qualified, never received a vote in a BWA election. This means that 51.1 percent of the Rookies of the Year either have not gotten one vote in a Hall of Fame election or have not met the minimum 10 year standard for Hall of Fame consideration.

SUMMARY

Hall of Famers Eligible for Consideration by Veterans Committee Active through 2009 Not Yet Eligible Ineligible Currently on BWA ballot Total

Summary 13 51 24 10 26 2 126

Most Valuable Player Award and the Hall of Fame The Most Valuable Player Award has gone through three phases. From 1911 through 1914 the Chalmers Award was presented. Between 1922 and 1929 league awards were made. In 1931 the Baseball Writers’ Association of America voted for MVPs in both leagues, a practice which is still in effect.

Name Barry Bonds Jimmy Foxx Joe DiMaggio Stan Musial Roy Campanella Yogi Berra Mickey Mantle Mike Schmidt Alex Rodriguez Albert Pujols Walter Johnson Rogers Hornsby Lou Gehrig Mickey Cochrane Carl Hubbell

Number of Awards 7 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2

Current Status Eligible in 2013 Hall of Fame; 79.2% on eighth ballot Hall of Fame; 88.8% on fourth ballot Hall of Fame; 93.2% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 79.4% on fifth ballot Hall of Fame; 85.6% on second ballot Hall of Fame; 88.2% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 96.5% on first ballot Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame; 83.6% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 78.1% on fifth ballot Hall of Fame; by acclamation of BWA in 1939 Hall of Fame; 79.5% on sixth ballot Hall of Fame; 87.0% on third ballot

Most Valuable Player Award and the Hall of Fame

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Number of Awards Current Status 2 Hall of Fame; 85.0% on ninth ballot 2 Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; twelve BWA elections, high of 42.8% Ted Williams 2 Hall of Fame; 93.4% on first ballot Willie Mays 2 Hall of Fame; 94.7% on first ballot Ernie Banks 2 Hall of Fame; 83.8% on first ballot Roger Maris 2 Fifteen BWA elections; 43.1% highest Frank Robinson 2 Hall of Fame; 89.2% on first ballot Johnny Bench 2 Hall of Fame; 96.4% on first ballot Joe Morgan 2 Hall of Fame; 81.8% on first ballot Dale Murphy 2 Eleventh year on BWA ballot; 23.2% highest in 2000 Robin Yount 2 Hall of Fame; 77.5% on first ballot Cal Ripken 2 Hall of Fame; 98.5% on first ballot Frank E. Thomas 2 Eligible in 2014 Juan Gonzalez 2 Eligible in 2011 Frank Schulte 1 One BWA election; 0.5% Ty Cobb 1 Hall of Fame; 98.2% on first ballot Larry Doyle 1 Three BWA elections; 1.5% highest Tris Speaker 1 Hall of Fame; 82.1% on second ballot Jake Daubert 1 Five BWA elections; 1.0% highest Johnny Evers 1 Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; seven BWA elections, 64.4% highest Eddie Collins 1 Hall of Fame; 77.7% on fourth ballot George Sisler 1 Hall of Fame; 85.8% on fourth ballot Babe Ruth 1 Hall of Fame; 95.1% on first ballot Dazzy Vance 1 Hall of Fame; 81.7% on sixteenth ballot Roger Peckinpaugh 1 Nine BWA elections; 1.5% highest Bob O’Farrell 1 Three BWA elections; 2.4% highest George Burns 1 No votes in BWA elections Paul Waner 1 Hall of Fame; 83.3% on sixth ballot Jim Bottomley 1 Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; twelve BWA elections, 33.1% highest Frankie Frisch 1 Hall of Fame; 84.5% on fourth ballot Lefty Grove 1 Hall of Fame; 76.4% on fourth ballot Chuck Klein 1 Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; twelve BWA elections, 27.9% highest Dizzy Dean 1 Hall of Fame; 79.2% on ninth ballot Gabby Hartnett 1 Hall of Fame; 77.7% on eleventh ballot Joe Medwick 1 Hall of Fame; 84.8% on tenth ballot Charlie Gehringer 1 Hall of Fame; 85.0% on fifth ballot Ernie Lombardi 1 Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; nine BWA elections, 16.4% highest Bucky Walters 1 Thirteen BWA elections; 23.7% highest Frank McCormick 1 Four BWA elections; 3.0% highest Dolf Camilli 1 Four BWA elections; 1.5% highest Mort Cooper 1 Four BWA elections; 1.1% highest Joe Gordon 1 Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; fourteen BWA elections; 28.5% Spud Chandler 1 Five BWA elections; 3.0% highest Marty Marion 1 Twelve BWA elections; 40.0% highest Name Hank Greenberg Hal Newhouser

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Name Phil Cavaretta Bob Elliott Lou Boudreau Jackie Robinson Jim Konstanty Phil Rizzuto

Number of Awards 1 1 1 1 1 1

Hank Sauer Bobby Shantz Al Rosen Don Newcombe Henry Aaron Jackie Jensen Nelson Fox

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Dick Groat Maury Wills Sandy Koufax Elston Howard Ken Boyer Brooks Robinson Zoilo Versalles Roberto Clemente Orlando Cepeda

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Carl Yastrzemski Bob Gibson Denny McLain Willie McCovey Harmon Killebrew Boog Powell Joe Torre Vida Blue Dick Allen Pete Rose Reggie Jackson Steve Garvey Jeff Burroughs Fred Lynn Thurman Munson George Foster Rod Carew Dave Parker

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Jim Rice Willie Stargell Keith Hernandez Don Baylor George Brett Rollie Fingers

1 1 1 1 1 1

Current Status Twelve BWA elections; 35.6% highest Three BWA elections; 2.0% highest Hall of Fame; 77.3% on tenth ballot Hall of Fame; 77.5% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; fourteen BWA elections, 38.4% highest One BWA election; 1.3% Five BWA elections; 2.3% highest No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 15.3% highest Hall of Fame; 97.8% on first ballot Six BWA elections; 1.1% highest Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; fifteen BWA elections, 74.7% highest Six BWA elections; 1.8% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 40.6% highest Hall of Fame; 86.9% on first ballot Fifteen BWA elections; 20.7% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 25.5% highest Hall of Fame; 92.0% on first ballot No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame; 92.7% in special election held in 1973 Hall of Fame Veteran’s Committee; Fifteen BWA elections; 73.6% highest Hall of Fame; 94.6% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 84.0% on first ballot Three BWA elections; 0.7% highest Hall of Fame; 81.4% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 83.1% on fourth ballot One BWA election; 1.3% Fifteen years on BWA ballot; 22.2% highest Four BWA elections; 8.7% highest Fourteen years on BWA ballot; 18.9% highest *Ineligible for consideration Hall of Fame; 93.6% on first ballot Fifteen years on BWA ballot; 42.6% highest One BWA election; 0.2% Two BWA elections; 5.5% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 15.5% highest Four BWA elections; 6.9% highest Hall of Fame; 90.5% on first ballot Thirteenth year on BWA ballot; highest 22.4% in 1998 Hall of Fame; 76.4% on fifteenth ballot Hall of Fame; 82.4% on first ballot Nine BWA elections; 10.8% highest Two BWA elections; 2.6% highest Hall of Fame; 98.2% on first ballot Hall of Fame; 82.1% on second ballot

Most Valuable Player Award and the Hall of Fame

Name Ryne Sandberg Willie Hernandez Willie McGee Don Mattingly Roger Clemens Andre Dawson George Bell Kirk Gibson Jose Canseco Kevin Mitchell Rickey Henderson Terry Pendleton Dennis Eckersley Jeff Bagwell Barry Larkin Mo Vaughn Ken Caminiti Ken Griffey, Jr. Larry Walker Sammy Sosa Ivan Rodriguez Chipper Jones Jason Giambi Jeff Kent Ichiro Suzuki Miguel Tejada Vladimir Guerrero Ryan Howard Justin Morneau Jimmy Rollins Dustin Pedroia Joe Mauer

Number of Awards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

123

Current Status Hall of Fame; 76.2% on third ballot One BWA election; 0.4% Two BWA elections; 5.0% highest Ninth year on BWA ballot; highest 28.2% in 2001 Eligible in 2013 Eighth year on BWA ballot; highest 67.0% in 2009 One BWA election; 1.2% One BWA election; 2.5% One BWA election; 1.1% One BWA election; 0.4% Hall of Fame; 94.8% on first ballot One BWA election; 0.2% Hall of Fame; 83.2% on first ballot Eligible in 2011 Eligible in 2010 One BWA election; 1.1% One BWA election; 0.4% Active 2009 Eligible in 2011 Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

SUMMARY Hall of Famers Under Consideration by BWA Eligible for Consideration by VC Active 2009 Not Yet Eligible Ineligible Total

Summary 62 4 47 14 9 1 137

Through the 2009 season, 137 different players had received the Most Valuable Player Award. Of that number 62 (45.3 percent) are currently in the Hall of Fame. Twenty-four players are either still active, not yet retired five years or are ineligible. Excluding that group raises the percentage of Hall of Famers to 54.9 percent.

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Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Seven of the ten players who have won three or more MVP awards are in the Hall of Fame. Barry Bonds, the only player with seven, is not yet eligible and Alex Rodriguez and Albert Pujols with three are still active. Among the 19 who have garnered two awards, 15 are Hall of Famers. Gonzalez and Thomas have not been retired for five years. Murphy is on the BWA ballot and Maris is eligible for Veterans Committee consideration.

Status of the Top Ten Vote-Getters in Each Baseball Writers’ Association Election In the 65 elections conducted from 1936 through 2009, 176 different players ranked among the top ten (including ties). Theoretically, had there been no continuity in the voting, 650 individuals might have occupied those spots, which indicates a high degree of consistency among the voters. The following table illustrates what has happened to the “Top Ten” vote-getters. No. of No. of Different No. Now Elections Individs. in Hall Period Held in Top Ten of Fame 1936–1962 20 65 64 1964–1986 22 56 46 1987–2009 23 55 35 Totals 65 176 145

Pct. in Cum. No. Hall of in Fame Top Ten 98.5% 82.1% 121 63.6% 176

Cum. No. Cum. Now in Pct. Now Hall of in Hall Fame of Fame 110 145

90.9% 82.4%

One hundred-seven of the Hall of Famers received the 75 percent vote necessary for election. Two others, Lou Gehrig and Roberto Clemente, were enshrined in special elections. The 39 elected by the Veterans Committee and their highest rank in the Baseball Writers Association voting are shown in the following list. Name Highest Rank Roger Bresnahan 5th Jimmy Collins 8th Ed Delahanty 9th Wilbert Robinson 8th Frank Chance 1st Johnny Evers 2nd Rube Waddell 2nd Ed Walsh 3rd

Year 1945 1945 1945 1942 1946 1946 1945 1945

Year Elected 1945 1945 1945 1945 as a manager 1946 1946 1946 1946

Status of Non–Hall of Famers in the Top Ten Name Clark Griffith Chief Bender Ray Schalk Max Carey Edd Roush Sam Rice Eppa Rixey Red Faber Burleigh Grimes Miller Huggins Kiki Cuyler Lefty Gomez Jim Bottomley Al Lopez George Kell Hack Wilson Chuck Klein Johnny Mize PeeWee Reese Enos Slaughter Arky Vaughan Red Schoendienst Tony Lazzeri Hal Newhouser Phil Rizzuto Richie Ashburn Jim Bunning Nelson Fox Orlando Cepeda Bill Mazeroski Joe Gordon

Highest Rank 9th 9th–10th tie 8th 1st 1st 3rd 3rd 7th 4th 3rd 5th 5th 5th 6th 10th 4th 8th 6th 6th 2nd 9th 7th 7th 6th 9th 8th 4th 3rd 2nd 5th 9th

125

Year Year Elected 1946 1946 as an executive 1953 1953 1955 1955 1958 1961 1960 1962 1962 1963 1960 1963 1960 1964 1960 1964 1946 1964 as a manager 1958 1968 1956 1972 1960 1974 1966 1977 as a manager 1970, 1976 (tie), 1983 1977 1958 1979 1964 1980 1968, 1972 1981 1976 1984 1978 1985 1968 1985 1980 1989 1958 1991 1975 1992 1976 1994 1978 1995 1989 1996 1985 1997 1994 1999 1992 2001 1969 2008

An additional 58 Hall of Famers elected by the Veterans Committee never ranked in the top ten in a Baseball Writers’ Association election.

Status of Non–Hall of Famers Who Ranked in the Top Ten Times in Name Top Ten Hank Gowdy 2 Mel Harder 1 Johnny Vander Meer 2 Marty Marion 8 Allie Reynolds 3 Gil Hodges 14 Phil Cavaretta 1 Maury Wills 7

Highest Rank 10th Tie 10th & 11th 10th 7th 7th 3rd Tie 9th & 10th 8th

Status VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible

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Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Name Tony Oliva Roger Maris Harvey Kuenn Ken Boyer Lew Burdette Dick Allen Joe Torre Luis Tiant Mickey Lolich Ron Santo Jim Kaat Steve Garvey Tommy John Dave Parker Dale Murphy Don Mattingly Andre Dawson Bert Blyleven Lee Smith Jack Morris Alan Trammell Mark McGwire Tim Raines

Times in Top Ten 13 5 7 4 1 1 1 1 1 9 11 13 11 1 1 1 8 8 7 6 3 3 2

Highest Rank 6th 5th 6th 10th Tie 10th & 11th 9th 9th 8th Tie 10th & 11th 3rd 8th 4th 7th 10th 10th 9th 3rd 4th 5th 6th 10th 9th 8th

Status VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible VC Eligible On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot On BWA ballot

Of the 31 non–Hall of Famers who finished among the top ten in the Baseball Writers’ Association balloting, 10 are still under consideration. Nine of those who are eligible for Veterans Committee balloting have never ranked above ninth in an election. The apparent front-runners for future selection are Gil Hodges and Ron Santo.

The Sporting News All-Star Team Selections and the Hall of Fame From 1925 through 1960 The Sporting News selected an All-Star team that included players from both leagues. Beginning in 1961 an All-Star team representing each of the leagues has been selected, a practice which continued through the 2009 season. In 1974 the American League added a designated hitter (DH). In 1991 and 1992 the position was omitted from All-Star selections but was reinstated in 1993. In 1999 and 2000 no DH was selected. From 2001 through 2006 a DH was included. In 2007 no DH was selected. Again in 2008 and 2009 a DH was included. The following lists tabulated by position show the number of times each player was selected and his status relative to the Hall of Fame. An asterisk

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame

127

(*) indicates the player is ineligible for consideration by the Veterans Committee.

PITCHERS Name Steve Carlton Lefty Grove Bob Feller Warren Spahn Jim Palmer Greg Maddux Roger Clemens Carl Hubbell Robin Roberts Whitey Ford Sandy Koufax Juan Marichal Tom Seaver Ron Guidry Tom Glavine Pedro Martinez Randy Johnson Dizzy Dean Red Ruffing Mort Cooper Hal Newhouser Bob Lemon Ferguson Jenkins Jimmy Key Lefty Gomez Bucky Walters Boo Ferris Allie Reynolds Johnny Antonelli Don Newcombe Billy Pierce Jim Bunning Gary Peters Jim Kaat Earl Wilson Denny McLain Bob Gibson Mike Cuellar Vida Blue Gaylord Perry Randy Jones Frank Tanana Fernando Valenzuela Rick Sutcliffe Brett Saberhagen Mike Scott

Times Selected 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Status Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Eligible in 2014 Eligible in 2013 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Nine BWA elections; 8.8% highest Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Four BWA elections; 1.1% highest Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame Hall of Fame One BWA election; 0.6% Hall of Fame VC Thirteen BWA elections; 23.7% highest *Six years in majors Thirteen BWA elections; 33.6%highest No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 15.3% highest Five BWA elections; 1.9% highest Hall of Fame VC No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 29.6% highest No votes in BWA elections Three BWA elections; 0.7% highest Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections Four BWA elections; 8.7% highest Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 6.3% highest One BWA election; 1.8% One BWA election; 1.3% One BWA election; 0.4%

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Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Name Times Frank Viola Danny Jackson Chuck Finley Jack McDowell David Wells Curt Schilling Andy Pettitte Johan Santana Tim Lincecum Mariano Rivera (Reliever) Walter Johnson Ed Rommel Dazzy Vance Herb Pennock George Uhle Grover Alexander Charley Root Ted Lyons Waite Hoyt Burleigh Grimes Wes Ferrell George Earnshaw Lon Warneke Alvin Crowder Schoolboy Rowe Johnny Vander Meer Paul Derringer Whitlow Wyatt Thornton Lee Tiny Bonham Tex Hughson Spud Chandler Rip Sewell Dizzy Trout Hank Borowy Ewell Blackwell Ralph Branca Johnny Sain Harry Brecheen Mel Parnell Ellis Kinder Joe Page Vic Raschi Jim Konstanty Sal Maglie Preacher Roe Bobby Shantz Bob Porterfield Bob Turley Bob Friend Early Wynn

Selected 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.8% Eligible in 2013 Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame Eight BWA elections; 4.5% highest Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Three BWA elections; 1.5% highest Hall of Fame Six BWA elections; 2.5% highest Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame VC Five BWA elections; 3.6% highest Five BWA elections; 2.5% highest Five BWA elections; 6.5% highest Two BWA elections; 0.4% highest Four BWA elections; 5.0% highest Twelve BWA elections; 29.8% highest Seven BWA elections; 6.2% highest One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections *Eight years in majors Five BWA elections; 3.0% highest Three BWA elections; 0.6% highest One BWA election; 0.5% No votes in BWA elections Three BWA elections; 4.7% highest No votes in BWA elections Ten BWA elections; 34.0% highest Seven BWA elections; 2.6% highest No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.5% *Eight years in majors Nine BWA elections; 10.2% highest No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 6.5% highest Six BWA elections; 0.8% highest Five BWA elections; 2.3% highest One BWA election; 0.3% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame Name Times Sam “Toothpick” Jones Vernon Law Ernie Broglio Frank Lary Joey Jay Ralph Terry Dick Donovan Don Drysdale Bob Purkey Dean Chance Jim Grant Mel Stottlemyre Jim Lonberg Mike McCormick Dave McNally Jim Perry Sam McDowell Jim Merritt Wilbur Wood Ken Holtzman Ron Bryant Jim Hunter Andy Messersmith Don Gullet Don Sutton Nolan Ryan Rick Reuschel Jim Kern Mike Flanagan Joe Niekro Steve Stone Tommy John Jim Bibby Jack Morris Dave Stieb Geoff Zahn Steve Rogers LaMarr Hoyt John Denny Larry McWilliams Mike Boddicker Willie Hernandez Mark Thurmond Dwight Gooden John Tudor Teddy Higuera Zane Smith Dave Stewart Orel Hershiser Mark Davis

Selected 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

129

Status No votes in BWA elections Seven BWA elections; 2.4% highest *Eight years in majors No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.8% Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest No votes in BWA elections Four BWA elections; 2.8% highest Two BWA elections; 1.9% highest No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Six BWA elections; 7.0% highest Two BWA elections; 1.2% highest *Eight years in majors Hall of Fame Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest *Nine years in majors Hall of Fame Hall of Fame One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 1.3% No votes in BWA elections Fifteen BWA elections; 31.7% highest One BWA election; 0.2% Tenth year on BWA ballot; highest 44.0% in 2009 One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections *Eight years in majors No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.4% *Eight years in majors One BWA election; 3.3% One BWA election; 0.4% *Nine years in majors No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 7.4% highest Two BWA elections; 11.2% highest One BWA election; 0.2%

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Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Name Times Bob Welch Doug Drabek Jim Abbott Jose Rijo Dave Fleming Steve Avery David Cone Mike Mussina Pete Schourek Pat Hentgen John Smoltz Al Leiter Denny Neagle Kevin Brown Mike Hampton Jose Lima Jamie Moyer Mark Mulder Derek Lowe Barry Zito Roy Halladay Eric Gagne (Reliever) Randy Wolf Jason Schmidt Joe Nathan (Reliever) Chad Cordero (Reliever) Chris Carpenter C.C. Sabathia Jake Peavy Joe Borowski (Reliever) Jose Valverde Cliff Lee Francisco Rodriguez (Reliever) Brad Lidge (Reliever) Ryan Franklin (Reliever) Zack Greinke

Selected 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status *One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 2.5% One BWA election; 0.2% *Five years in majors No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 3.9% Eligible in 2014 No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2010 Active 2009 Eligible in 2011 No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2011 Eligible in 2011 Eligible in 2012 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

CATCHERS Name Mike Piazza Mickey Cochrane Johnny Bench Ivan Rodriguez Bill Dickey Gary Carter Yogi Berra Carlton Fisk Jorge Posada Roy Campanella

Times Selected 10 7 7 7 6 6 5 5 5 4

Status Eligible in 2013 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Active 2009 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Active 2009 Hall of Fame

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame Name Bill Freehan Thurman Munson Walker Cooper Del Crandall Elston Howard Joe Torre Ted Simmons Benito Santiago Mickey Tettleton Joe Mauer Gabby Hartnett Earl Battey Jim Sundberg Lance Parrish Bob O’Farrell Harry Danning Mickey Owen Paul Richards Aaron Robinson Birdie Tebbetts Sherm Lollar Smokey Burgess Johnny Edwards Paul Casanova Tim McCarver Ray Fosse Manny Sanguillen Bob Boone Darrell Porter Rick Cerone Tony Pena Rich Gedman Matt Nokes Ernie Whitt Mike LaValliere Mike Scioscia Darren Daulton Mike Stanley Javy Lopez Johnny Estrada Jason Varitek Paul LoDuca Brian McCann Russell Martin Geovany Soto Yadier Molina

Times Selected 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status One BWA election; 0.5% Fifteen BWA elections; 15.5% highest Ten BWA elections; 14.4% highest Four BWA elections; 3.9% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 20.7% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 22.2% highest One BWA election; 3.7% Eligible in 2010 No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 1.7% Three BWA elections; 2.4% highest Two BWA elections; 0.4% highest No votes in BWA elections *Eight years in majors *Eight years in majors Two BWA elections; 3.0% highest *No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 0.5% highest No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 3.8% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.5% Five BWA elections; 7.7% highest No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2012 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

FIRST BASEMEN Name Lou Gehrig

Times Selected 6

131

Status Hall of Fame

132 Name Jimmie Foxx Keith Hernandez Willie McCovey Orlando Cepeda Boog Powell Steve Garvey Cecil Cooper Don Mattingly

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors Times Selected 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4

Jeff Bagwell Todd Helton Albert Pujols Johnny Mize Stan Musial Ted Kluszewski Will Clark Fred McGriff Mark McGwire

4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3

Ferris Fain Norm Cash Bill White Dick Allen

2 2 2 2

John Mayberry Rod Carew Eddie Murray Cecil Fielder Frank E. Thomas Rafael Palmeiro Carlos Delgado Justin Morneau Mark Teixeira Jim Bottomley Chris Chambliss George Burns Bill Terry Hank Greenberg Frank McCormick Dolf Camilli Rudy York Ray Sanders Phil Cavarretta Tommy Henrich Walt Dropo Mickey Vernon Bill Skowron Norm Siebern Joe Pepitone Dick Stuart Fred Whitfield

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status Hall of Fame Nine BWA elections; highest 10.8% Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC One BWA election; 1.3% Fifteen BWA elections; 42.6% highest No votes in BWA elections Ninth year on BWA ballot; highest 28.2% in 2001 Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame Fifteen BWA elections; 14.4% highest One BWA election; 4.4% Eligible in 2010 Third year on BWA ballot; highest 23.6% in 2008 *Nine years in majors One BWA election; 1.6% Three BWA elections; 1.9% highest Fourteen BWA elections; 18.9% highest No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame Hall of Fame One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2014 Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Four BWA elections; 3.0% highest Four BWA elections; 1.5% highest Two BWA elections; 5.0% highest *Seven years in majors Twelve BWA elections; 35.6%highest Ten BWA elections; 20.7% highest One BWA election; 0.3% Fifteen BWA elections; 24.9% highest No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections *Nine years in majors

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame Name Felipe Alou Harmon Killebrew Lee May Willie Stargell Tony Perez Willie Montanez Pete Rose Al Oliver George Hendrick Jack Clark George Brett Mo Vaughn Eric Karros Tino Martinez Jim Thome Jason Giambi Paul Konerko Ryan Howard Carlos Pena Prince Fielder

Times Selected 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

133

Status One BWA election; 0.8% Hall of Fame One BWA election; 0.5% Hall of Fame Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections *Ineligible for Hall of Fame consideration No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.5% Hall of Fame One BWA election; 1.1% Eligible in 2010 Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

SECOND BASEMEN Name Rod Carew Charley Gehringer Joe Gordon Bobby Richardson Ryne Sandberg Rogers Hornsby Joe Morgan Roberto Alomar Craig Biggio Jackie Robinson Nelson Fox Chase Utley Bill Mazeroski Glenn Beckert Bobby Grich Willie Randolph Manny Trillo Julio Franco Jeff Kent Frankie Frisch Bobby Doerr Red Schoendienst Pete Rose Dave Johnson Davey Lopes

Times Selected 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2

Status Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC Three BWA elections; 2.0% highest Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Eligible in 2010 Eligible in 2013 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 2.6% One BWA election; 1.1% No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2013 Eligible in 2014 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame VC *Ineligible for Hall of Fame consideration One BWA election; 0.7% One BWA election; 0.5%

134 Name Damaso Garcia Lou Whitaker Carlos Baerga Chuck Knoblauch Bret Boone Alfonso Soriano Tony Lazzeri Billy Herman George Stirnweiss Bobby Avila Frank Bolling Jim Gilliam Ron Hunt Tommy Helms Cookie Rojas Frank White Glenn Hubbard Tom Herr Tony Bernazard Steve Sax Juan Samuel Johnny Ray Robby Thompson Eric Young Edgardo Alfonzo Marcus Giles Mark Loretta Brian Roberts Robinson Cano Placido Polanco Dustin Pedroia Aaron Hill

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors Times Selected 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 2.9% Eligible in 2011 One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame VC No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.3% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 3.8% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2012 Eligible in 2012 *Seven seasons in majors Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

THIRD BASEMEN Name Mike Schmidt Brooks Robinson Pie Traynor Wade Boggs George Kell Ken Boyer Ron Santo Eddie Mathews Matt Williams Red Rolfe Stan Hack Graig Nettles George Brett Vinny Castilla Chipper Jones

Times Selected 10 9 7 7 6 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3

Status Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC Fifteen BWA elections; 25.5% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 43.1% highest Hall of Fame One BWA election; 1.3% Eight BWA elections; 4.9% highest Seven BWA elections; 4.8% highest Four BWA elections; 8.4% highest Hall of Fame Eligible in 2012 Active 2009

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame Name Scott Rolen Alex Rodriguez David Wright Fred Lindstrom Mike Higgins Bob Elliott Al Rosen Harmon Killebrew Sal Bando Buddy Bell Tim Wallach Jim Thome Travis Fryman Pepper Martin

Times Selected 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1

Billy Johnson Whitey Kurowski Frank Thomas Frank Malzone Deron Johnson Tony Perez Joe Torre Darrell Evans Bill Madlock Pete Rose

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Doug DeCinces Bobby Bonilla Carney Lansford Howard Johnson Kelly Gruber Terry Pendleton Edgar Martinez Gary Sheffield Ken Caminiti Scott Brosius Dean Palmer Troy Glaus Eric Chavez Bill Mueller Melvin Mora Morgan Ensberg Joe Crede Mark Reynolds Evan Longoria

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC No votes in BWA elections Three BWA elections; 2.0% highest No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame One BWA election; 0.7% One BWA election; 1.7% One BWA election; 0.2% Active 2009 One BWA election; 0.4% Fourteen BWA elections; 17.3% highest *Nine years in majors *Nine years in majors No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame Fifteen BWA elections; 22.2% highest One BWA election; 1.7% One BWA election; 4.5% *Ineligible for Hall of Fame consideration One BWA election; 0.5% One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.6% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2010 Active 2009 One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible in 2012 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

SHORTSTOPS Name Barry Larkin Cal Ripken

Times Selected 9 8

135

Status Eligible in 2010 Hall of Fame

136 Name Joe Cronin Alex Rodriguez Luis Aparicio Ozzie Smith Phil Rizzuto Ernie Banks Edgar Renteria Derek Jeter Travis Jackson Luke Appling Maury Wills Don Kessinger Dave Concepcion Garry Templeton Robin Yount Alan Trammell Hanley Ramirez Johnny Pesky Marty Marion Lou Boudreau Dick Groat Jim Fregosi Gene Alley Bert Campaneris Larry Bowa Rick Burleson Nomar Garciaparra Glenn Wright Joe Sewell Arky Vaughan Dick Bartell Cecil Travis Pee Wee Reese Alvin Dark Harvey Kuenn Gil McDougald Tony Kubek Tom Tresh Zoilo Versalles Rico Petrocelli Leo Cardenas Bud Harrelson Chris Speier Bill Russell Toby Harrah Mark Belanger Roy Smalley, Jr. Dickie Thon Tony Fernandez Shawon Dunston

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors Times Selected 7 6 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status Hall of Fame Active 2009 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame Fifteen BWA elections; 40.6% highest One BWA election; 0.5% Fifteen BWA elections; 16.2% highest One BWA election; 0.4% Hall of Fame Eighth year on BWA ballot; high of 18.2% in 2008 Active 2009 One BWA election; 0.4% Twelve BWA elections; 40.0% highest Hall of Fame Six BWA elections; 1.8% highest One BWA election; 1.0% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 3.1% One BWA election; 2.5% No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 Twelve BWA elections; 6.7% highest Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame VC Four BWA elections; 0.8% highest No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame VC Fifteen BWA elections; 21.3% highest Fifteen BWA elections; 39.3% highest Nine BWA elections; 1.7% highest *Nine years in majors *Nine years in majors No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.7% Two BWA elections; 0.2% highest One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.7% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 3.7% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.7% One BWA election; 0.2%

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame Name Travis Fryman Jay Bell Jeff Blauser Rich Aurilia Miguel Tejada Michael Young Felipe Lopez Jose Reyes

Times Selected 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

137

Status One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

LEFT FIELDERS Name Ted Williams Barry Bonds Stan Musial Al Simmons Jim Rice Joe Medwick Albert Belle Ralph Kiner Billy Williams George Foster Carl Yastrzemski Willie Stargell Frank Howard Joe Rudi Rickey Henderson Goose Goslin Dick Wakefield Minnie Minoso Tommy Davis Pete Rose

Times Selected 13 12 9 6 6 5 5 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2

Greg Luzinski Tim Raines

2 2

George Bell Joe Carter Moises Alou Garret Anderson Matt Holliday Ryan Braun Heinie Manush Lefty O’Doul Hank Greenberg Hank Sauer Leon Wagner Harmon Killebrew Willie Horton Cleon Jones Lou Brock

2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status Hall of Fame Eligible in 2013 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Two BWA elections; 7.7% highest Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Four BWA elections; 6.9% highest Hall of Fame Hall of Fame One BWA election; 1.4% No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC *Nine years in majors Fifteen BWA elections; 21.1% highest One BWA election; 1.2% *Ineligible for Hall of Fame consideration One BWA election; 0.2% Second year on BWA ballot; highest 24.3% in 2008 One BWA election; 1.2% One BWA election; 3.8% Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC Ten BWA elections; 16.7% highest Hall of Fame One BWA election; 1.3% No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame One BWA election; 0.9% No votes in BWA elections Hall of Fame

138 Name Ben Oglivie Dusty Baker Lonnie Smith Jose Cruz Phil Bradley Mike Greenwell Kevin McReynolds Kevin Mitchell Ron Gant Greg Vaughn Luis Gonzalez Albert Pujols Miguel Cabrera Lance Berkman Alfonso Soriano Carlos Lee Carlos Quentin Jason Bay

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors Times Selected 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.9% One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.4% *Eight years in majors One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.4% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

CENTER FIELDERS Name Willie Mays Joe DiMaggio Ken Griffey, Jr. Mickey Mantle Kirby Puckett Earl Averill Cesar Cedeno Dale Murphy Duke Snider Fred Lynn Hack Wilson Jimmy Wynn Paul Blair Larry Hisle Eric Davis Andy Van Slyke Ellis Burks Bernie Williams Jim Edmonds Vernon Wells Andruw Jones Torii Hunter Max Carey Johnny Mostil Wally Berger Doc Cramer Pete Reiser Andy Pafko

Times Selected 11 8 8 6 6 4 4 4 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Active 2009 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame VC One BWA election; 0.5% Eleventh year on BWA ballot; highest 23.2% in 2000 Hall of Fame Two BWA elections; 5.5% highest Hall of Fame VC No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.9% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.6% No votes in BWA elections Eligible in 2010 Eligible in 2012 Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC Two BWA elections; 0.5% highest Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest Five BWA elections; 6.0% highest Two BWA elections; 3.0% highest Two BWA elections; 0.7% highest

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame Name Goody Rosen Dom DiMaggio Larry Doby Albie Pearson Jimmie Hall Curt Flood Matty Alou Bobby Tolan Willie Davis Amos Otis Al Oliver Mickey Rivers Omar Moreno Al Bumbry Dwayne Murphy Gorman Thomas Lloyd Moseby Willie McGee Robin Yount Mike Devereaux Lenny Dykstra Darin Erstad Johnny Damon Carlos Beltran Aaron Rowand Josh Hamilton Grady Sizemore Matt Kemp

Times Selected 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

139

Status *Six years in majors Nine BWA elections; 11.3% highest Hall of Fame VC *Nine years in majors *Eight years in majors Fifteen BWA elections; 15.1% highest No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 4.3% One BWA election; 0.5% No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 5.0% highest Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

RIGHT FIELDERS Name Hank Aaron Babe Ruth Tony Gwynn Sammy Sosa Vladimir Guerrero Al Kaline Roberto Clemente Tony Oliva Reggie Jackson Dave Parker Mel Ott Frank Robinson Dave Winfield Juan Gonzalez Manny Ramirez Ichiro Suzuki Paul Waner Bobby Murcer

Times Selected 9 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3

Status Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Fifteen BWA elections; 47.3% highest Hall of Fame Thirteenth year on BWA ballot; highest 22.4% in 1998 Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Hall of Fame Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Active 2009 Hall of Fame One BWA election; 0.7%

140 Name Andre Dawson

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors Times Selected 3

Dwight Evans Jose Canseco Larry Walker Magglio Ordonez Chuck Klein Enos Slaughter Roger Maris Bobby Bonds Tony Armas Pedro Guerrero Darryl Strawberry Bobby Bonilla David Justice Tim Salmon Gary Sheffield Kiki Cuyler Bill Nicholson Dixie Walker Tommy Holmes Carl Furillo Rocky Colavito Ken Harrelson Reggie Smith Merv Rettenmund Richie Scheinblum Jeff Burroughs Richie Zisk Ken Griffey, Sr. Jack Clark Ken Singleton Dave Kingman George Hendrick Harold Baines

3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Ruben Sierra Reggie Sanders Dante Bichette Shawn Green JD Drew Jermaine Dye Ryan Ludwick Jayson Werth

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Status Eighth year on BWA ballot; highest 67.0% in 2009 Two BWA elections; 8.2% highest One BWA election; 1.1% Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC Hall of Fame VC Fifteen BWA elections; 43.1% highest Eleven BWA elections; 10.6% highest No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 1.3% One BWA election; 1.2% One BWA election; 0.4% One BWA election; 0.2% Eligible in 2012 Active 2009 Hall of Fame VC One BWA election; 0.4% Four BWA elections; 3.0% highest Two BWA elections; 0.8% highest Five BWA elections; 1.4% highest Two BWA elections; 0.5% highest *Nine years in majors One BWA election; 0.7% No votes in BWA elections *Eight years in majors One BWA election; 0.2% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 4.7% One BWA election; 1.5% No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.7% No votes in BWA elections Third year on BWA ballot; highest 5.9% in 2009 Eligible in 2012 Eligible in 2013 One BWA election; 0.6% Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009 Active 2009

DESIGNATED HITTERS Name Paul Molitor Hal McRae Don Baylor

Times Selected 4 3 3

Status Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections Two BWA elections; 2.6% highest

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame Name Edgar Martinez David Ortiz Harold Baines

Times Selected 3 3 2

Tommy Davis Willie Horton Rusty Staub Reggie Jackson Richie Zisk Greg Luzinski Dave Kingman Dave Parker

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Manny Ramirez Frank E. Thomas Jose Canseco Aubrey Huff Hideki Matsui

1 1 1 1 1

141

Status Eligible in 2010 Active 2009 Third year on BWA ballot; highest 5.9% in 2009 One BWA election; 1.2% One BWA election; 0.9% Seven BWA elections; 7.9% highest Hall of Fame No votes in BWA elections One BWA election; 0.2% One BWA election; 0.7% Thirteenth year on BWA ballot; highest 22.4% in 1998 Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 One BWA election; 1.1% Active 2009 Active 2009

NUMBER OF HALL OF FAMERS SELECTED TO ALL-STAR TEAMS Position Pitcher Catcher First Base Second Base Third Base Shortstop Left Field Center Field Right Field Designated Hitter Totals Adjustment

BWA 27 8 12 7 8 8 13 6 10 2 101 91

VC 5 0 3 7 2 5 2 4 3 0 31 31

No. of Cases 183 56 69 57 58 60 55 56 60 19 673 642 19.0% in Hall of Fame

The adjustment was necessary because eight Hall of Famers were selected at two different positions and one was selected at three different positions. In addition eighteen other players were selected at two positions and one was selected at four positions.

STATUS BASED ON NUMBER OF TIMES SELECTED TO THE ALL-STAR TEAM No. of Years Selected 13

No. Selected 1

Inelig. No. Currently Retired Eligible for in Hall Active on BWA but Not for VC Future of Fame 2009 Ballot Yet Elig. Consider. Consider. 1

142

No. of Years Selected 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 Totals

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

No. Selected 2 1 2 5 3 7 19 27 48 115

Inelig. No. Currently Retired Eligible for in Hall Active on BWA but Not for VC Future of Fame 2009 Ballot Yet Elig. Consider. Consider. 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 6 1 14 1 1 1 1 1 15 3 4 5 24 7 2 4 11 68 14 3 12 17 1

Twenty-one players were selected to an All-Star team seven or more times. Fifteen are now in the Hall of Fame. Three players (Alex Rodriguez, Ivan Rodriguez and Ken Griffey, Jr.) are still active. Barry Larkin becomes eligible in 2010 and Barry Bonds and Mike Piazza will be eligible in 2013. Players who have been selected at two or more positions: Player Musial Carew Rose Jackson Parker Torre Stargell Killebrew Brett Yount E. Martinez Bonilla Baines Luzinski T. Davis Fryman Greenberg Horton Kingman Perez Zisk Thome Thomas Canseco Pujols A. Rodriguez M. Ramirez Soriano Sheffield

Positions-Number of Times Selected OF-9, 1B-3 2B-7, 1B-2 OF-2, 2B-2, 1B-1, 3B-1 OF-5, DH-1 OF-5, DH-1 C-3, 3B-1 OF-3, 1B-1 3B-2, 1B-1, OF-1 3B-3, 1B-1 SS-3, OF-1 DH-3, 3B-1 OF-2, 3B-1 DH-2, OF-1 OF-2, DH-1 OF-2, DH-1 SS-1, 3B-2 1B-1, OF-1 OF-1, DH-1 OF-1, DH-1 1B-1, 3B-1 OF-1, DH-1 3B-2, 1B-1 1B-2, DH-1 OF-3, DH-1 OF-1, 1B-4 SS-6, 3B-3 OF-4, DH-1 2B-2, OF-1 3B-1, OF-1

The Sporting News All-Star Team and the Hall of Fame

No. of Years No. Selected Selected Pitcher 183 Catcher 56 First Base 69 Second Base 57 Third Base 58 Shortstop 60 Left Field 55 Center Field 56 Right Field 60 Designated Hitter 19 Totals 673

143

Inelig. No. Currently Retired Eligible for in Hall Active on BWA but Not for VC Future of Fame 2009 Ballot Yet Elig. Consider. Consider. 32 22 1 18 100 10 8 8 0 5 33 2 15 11 2 6 31 4 14 8 0 8 25 2 10 12 0 5 28 3 13 10 1 1 33 2 15 10 1 3 23 3 10 11 1 3 28 3 13 9 3 7 26 2 2 132

4 105

2 11

2 58

9 336

0 31

This table is not adjusted to account for players who were selected at two or more positions. As an example, Pete Rose appears in the tabulations four times because he was selected once as a first baseman, twice as a second baseman, once as a third baseman and twice as an outfielder.

HALL

FAMERS NEVER SELECTED TO AN ALL-STAR TEAM OF

(*Completed career before the first The Sporting News All-Star Team was selected in 1925.) Pitchers *Christy Mathewson Hoyt Wilhelm Rollie Fingers Phil Niekro *Cy Young *Rube Waddell *Ed Walsh Eppa Rixey Chief Bender Red Faber *Mordecai Brown *Eddie Plank *Joe McGinnity *Addie Joss Rube Marquard Stan Coveleski Jesse Haines *Amos Rusie *Kid Nichols *Jack Chesbro *John Clarkson

Last Year 1916 1972 1985 1987 1911 1910 1917 1933 1925 1933 1916 1917 1908 1910 1925 1928 1937 1901 1906 1909 1894

144

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors Pitchers *Mickey Welch *Hoss Radbourn *Pud Galvin *Tim Keefe *Vic Willis Dennis Eckersley Bruce Sutter Rich Gossage

Last Year 1892 1891 1892 1893 1910 1998 1988 1994

Catchers *Roger Bresnahan Ray Schalk Ernie Lombardi *Buck Ewing Rick Ferrell

Last Year 1915 1929 1947 1897 1947

First Base George Sisler *Frank Chance George Kelly *Jake Beckley *Cap Anson *Dan Brouthers *Roger Connor

Last Year 1930 1914 1932 1907 1897 1904 1897

Second Base *Nap Lajoie Eddie Collins Johnny Evers *Bid McPhee

Last Year 1916 1930 1929 1899

Third Base *Jimmy Collins *Frank Baker

Last Year 1908 1922

Shortstop *Honus Wagner Rabbit Maranville *Hughie Jennings *Joe Tinker Dave Bancroft *Bobby Wallace *Monte Ward *George Davis

Last Year 1917 1935 1918 1916 1930 1918 1894 1909

Outfield Ty Cobb Harry Heilmann Tris Speaker *Willie Keeler

Last Year CF 1928 RF 1932 CF 1928 RF 1910

The Longevity Factor Outfield Edd Roush Sam Rice *Ed Delahanty Richie Ashburn *Hugh Duffy *Fred Clarke Lloyd Waner Zack Wheat Ross Youngs Earl Combs Chick Hafey *Sam Crawford Harry Hooper *Jesse Burkett *Elmer Flick *Joe Kelley *Billy Hamilton *James O’Rourke *Thomas McCarthy *Sam Thompson *King Kelly

145

Last Year CF 1931 RF 1934 LF 1903 CF 1962 CF 1906 LF 1915 CF 1945 LF 1927 RF 1926 CF 1935 LF 1937 RF 1917 RF 1925 LF 1905 RF 1910 LF 1908 CF 1901 LF 1904 RF 1896 RF 1906 RF 1893

The Longevity Factor Obviously, the majority of Hall of Famers enjoy long, productive careers. In order to see what relationship exists between longevity and Hall of Fame election we looked at the career leaders in games played, at-bats and hits. Not surprisingly, most of the same names rank high in all three categories. A total of 155 players rank among the top 200 in each of the three categories.

ANALYSIS OF PLAYERS RANKING IN THE TOP 200 IN GAMES, AT-BATS AND HITS

Category Top 50 Top 100 Top 150 Top 200

No. of Players 29 72 116 155

No. in Hall of Fame

Currently Active Pct. in on BWA or Not Elig. for Hall of [BWA-VC] Ballot Yet Elig. VC Consid. Ineligible Fame* 22 [21–1] 2 4 0 1 100% 45 [37–8] 4 13 9 1 83.3% 61 [46–15] 5 22 27 1 69.3% 75 [56–19] 5 31 43 1 63.6%

*Omits those players who were active in 2009, are currently on the ballot, are not yet eligible for the Baseball Writers’ Association ballot or are ineligible by administrative edict.

Currently there are 141 position players in the Hall of Fame. The 75 who rank among the top 200 in all three categories represent 53.2 percent

146

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

of the Hall of Fame membership. An additional 24 Hall of Famers rank among the top 200 in one or two categories. When this group is added it brings the total to 99 (70.2 percent) of the Hall of Fame. It is interesting to note of the 42 Hall of Famers who do not appear in the “top 200” in any of the three categories, 33 are Veterans Committee selections. Nine (21.4 percent) of the group are catchers. Among the nine elected by the Baseball Writers’ Association, Roy Campanella’s career was ended after 10 years by his tragic car accident. Bill Dickey lost two years to military service while Hank Greenberg lost the equivalent of four years. Jackie Robinson made his historic debut as a 28-year-old rookie.

PLAYERS

IN THE

TOP 50

IN

ALL THREE CATEGORIES

Rank in Games Played 1

Rank in At-Bats 1

Carl Yastrzemski Hank Aaron Rickey Henderson Ty Cobb Eddie Murray Stan Musial Cal Ripken Willie Mays Barry Bonds Dave Winfield Brooks Robinson Robin Yount Craig Biggio Al Kaline Rafael Palmeiro Harold Baines

2 3 4 5 6.5 6.5 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 17 18

3 2 10 5 6 9 4 11 29 8 14 7 12 21 15 27

6 3 20 2 11 4 13 10 31 18 42 16 19 25 23 40

Eddie Collins Frank Robinson Honus Wagner Tris Speaker Mel Ott George Brett Paul Molitor Ken Griffey Jr. Andre Dawson

19 21 22 23 26 27 30 33 34

24 23 16 20 38 17 13 32 25

9 30 7 5 38 14 8 46 45

Lou Brock Paul Waner Sam Crawford

35 43 46.5

18 37 35

22 15 29

Player Pete Rose

Rank in Hits 1

Status Ineligible for consideration BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA Eligible in 2013 BWA BWA BWA Eligible in 2013 BWA Eligible in 2011 Currently on BWA ballot BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA Active 2009 Currently on BWA ballot BWA BWA VC

The Longevity Factor

147

PLAYERS IN THE TOP 100 ALL THREE CATEGORIES

IN

Rank in Games Played 12

Rank in At-Bats 31

Rank in Hits 55

Reggie Jackson Tony Perez Omar Vizquel Rabbit Maranville Joe Morgan Luis Aparicio Luis Gonzalez Steve Finley Gary Sheffield Ozzie Smith Ernie Banks Julio Franco Bill Buckner

20 24 25 31 32 37 38 40 41 42 44 45 46.5

28 30 26 22 49 19 55 41.5 52 43 40 85 41.5

78 52 61 72.5 87 63 76 83 62 100 79 78 56

Tim Raines

50

71

72.5

Billy Williams Nap Lajoie Max Carey Rod Carew Vada Pinson

52.5 54 55 56.5 56.5

46 34 44 47 33

58.5 12 65 21 47

Dave Parker

58

45

57

Fred McGriff Ted Simmons

59 60

79 84

92 93

Tony Gwynn Wade Boggs Roberto Clemente Willie Davis

63 64 67 68

48 53 39 54

17 24 26 81

Luke Appling Zack Wheat Mickey Vernon

69 70 71

73 58 81

48 36 90

Buddy Bell

72

67

87

Sam Rice Ivan Rodriguez Jake Beckley Roberto Alomar George Davis

73.5 78 79 82 83.5

50 62 36 60 64.5

28 58.5 33.5 53 67.5

Player Rusty Staub

Status Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA Active 2009 BWA BWA BWA Eligible in 2014 Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 BWA BWA Eligible in 2013 Eligible for VC consideration Currently on BWA ballot BWA BWA VC BWA Eligible for VC consideration Currently on BWA ballot Eligible in 2010 Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration BWA VC Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration VC Active 2009 VC Eligible in 2010 VC

148

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Rank in Games Player Played Al Oliver 83.5 Nellie Fox 85 Steve Garvey 90 Charlie Gehringer 93 Frankie Frisch 97 Harry Hooper 98 Jeff Kent 99

Rank in At-Bats 63 51 74 72 57 77 94

PLAYERS

TOP 150

Player Dwight Evans Gary Gaetti Babe Ruth Carlton Fisk Dave Concepcion Bill Dahlen Chili Davis Mickey Mantle Eddie Mathews Lou Whitaker Bobby Wallace Enos Slaughter Sammy Sosa Jose Cruz Frank E. Thomas Jimmy Foxx B. J. Surhoff Alan Trammell Goose Goslin Jimmy Dykes Cap Anson Lave Cross Rogers Hornsby Andres Galarraga Mark Grace Ron Santo Fred Clarke Doc Cramer Red Schoendienst Al Simmons Brett Butler Joe Torre Manny Ramirez

IN THE Rank in Games Played 36 48 49 51 52.5 61 65.5 75 76 77 80 81 87 88 94 95 96 101 104 106 107 108 111 112 114 115 116 117 119 120 121 123 124

Rank in At-Bats 66 70 101 80 82 64.5 86 122 93 91 89 137 75 141.5 112 120 110 107 88 127 59 61 116 124 125 119 92 56 96 78 115 145 134

Rank in Hits 50 66 74 43 37 97 98

IN

Status Eligible for VC consideration VC Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA VC Eligible in 2014

ALL THREE CATEGORIES Rank in Hits 104 142 39 120 129 101 115 109 131 118 134 114 110 149.5 95 70 129 119 51 144 27 71 33.5 127 105 145.5 64 60 103 35 117 124 91

Status Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration VC VC Eligible in 2013 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2014 BWA Eligible in 2011 Currently on BWA ballot VC Eligible for VC consideration VC Eligible for VC consideration BWA Eligible in 2010 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration VC Eligible for VC consideration VC BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009

149

The Longevity Factor Rank in Games Player Played Tommy Corcoran 127 Richie Ashburn 129.5 Barry Larkin 133.5 Joe Judge 136 Alex Rodriguez 138.5 Chipper Jones 138.5 Charlie Grimm 138.5 Marquis Grissom 141 Lou Gehrig 142.5 Ryne Sandberg 142.5 Tony Fernandez 147

PLAYERS Player Graig Nettles Darrell Evans Willie McCovey Mike Schmidt Willie Stargell Bert Campaneris Ted Williams Don Baylor Jim Thome Larry Bowa John Olerud Willie Randolph Willie McGee Joe Carter Ruben Sierra Pee Wee Reese Tommy Leach Willie Wilson Jeff Bagwell Harry Heilmann Garret Anderson Derek Jeter Bid McPhee Johnny Damon Stuffy McInnis Joe Cronin Orlando Cepeda Willie Keeler Yogi Berra Joe Kuhel Kenny Lofton Jim Rice

IN THE Rank in Games Played 28 29 39 73.5 86 91 102.5 102.5 105 113 118 125 126 129.5 131 138.5 149 151 152 153.5 153.5 156 157 158 159 160.5 160.5 162 164 168 169 172.5

Rank in At-Bats 76 103 138 144 105 149 141.5 108 131 102 143

TOP 200 Rank in At-Bats 68 69 114 104 139.5 83 159.5 113 159.5 99 177 130 167.5 97 128 126 136 156 151 153 95 87 106 100 150 179 139.5 90 184 132 121 111

Rank in Hits 148 80 125 121 84 111 137.5 149.5 54 113 143 IN

Status Eligible for VC consideration VC Eligible in 2010 Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2011 BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration

ALL THREE CATEGORIES Rank in Hits 160 161 165 156 157 152.5 69 192 190 171 155 166 145.5 173 183 176 187 167 132 67.5 89 49 151 108 112 140 122 32 184.5 164 106 102

Status Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration BWA Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2011 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2012 VC Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2011 BWA Active 2009 Active 2009 VC Active 2009 Eligible for VC consideration BWA VC BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2013 BWA

150

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Player Keith Hernandez Sherry Magee Ed Konetchy Bernie Williams Jesse Burkett George Sisler Ken Boyer

Rank in Games Played 174 175 176 183 187 189.5 196.5

Rank in At-Bats 198 190 167.5 146 98 109 188

Rank in Hits 174 177 184.5 126 41 44 187

Eligible Eligible Eligible Eligible VC BWA Eligible

Status for VC consideration for VC consideration for VC consideration in 2012 for VC consideration

HALL OF FAMERS IN THE TOP 200 IN ONE OR TWO CATEGORIES

Joe Medwick Kirby Puckett Dan Brouthers Bill Terry Joe DiMaggio Hugh Duffy Jim O’Rourke Monte Ward Ed Delahanty Joe Kelley Kiki Cuyler Joe Sewell Billy Herman Pie Traynor Billy Hamilton Bill Mazeroski Edd Roush Johnny Bench Harmon Killebrew Heinie Manush Roger Connor Lloyd Waner Jim Bottomley Gary Carter

Rank in Hits 94 135.5 139 168.5 163 141 135.5 75 162 137.5 159 123 108 180.5 116 85 96 100 133

Rank in At-Bats 170

Rank in Games Played

191 169 184

158 182 155 199.5 164 118 165 152 154 187 133

144 147 65.5

100

HALL OF FAMERS NOT IN THE TOP 200 IN ANY OF THE THREE CATEGORIES Baseball Writers’ Association Name Position Roy Campanella C Mickey Cochrane C Bill Dickey C Gabby Hartnett C

Veterans Committee Name Position Roger Bresnahan C Buck Ewing C Rick Ferrell C Ernie Lombardi C

The Longevity Factor Baseball Writers’ Association Name Position Hank Greenberg 1B Jackie Robinson 2B Lou Boudreau SS Ralph Kiner LF Duke Snider CF

151

Veterans Committee Name Position Ray Schalk C Frank Chance 1B George Kelly 1B Johnny Mize 1B Johnny Evers 2B Tony Lazzeri 2B Bobby Doerr 2B Frank Baker 3B Jimmy Collins 3B Freddie Lindstrom 3B George Kell 3B Joe Gordon 2B Travis Jackson SS Hughie Jennings SS Phil Rizzuto LF Joe Tinker RF Dave Bancroft CF Arky Vaughan CF Chick Hafey RF Chuck Klein RF Earl Combs RF Hack Wilson RF Elmer Flick RF King Kelly CF Tommy McCarthy CF Sam Thompson RF Ross Youngs RF Larry Doby CF Earl Averill CF

GAMES PLAYED Twenty-one players have played in 2,800 or more games. Of that number: 15 1 3 1 1

are in the Hall of Fame (Pete Rose) is ineligible for consideration (Barry Bonds, Craig Biggio and Rafael Palmeiro) have not been retired for five years (Rusty Staub) can be considered by the Veterans’ Committee (Harold Baines) is currently under consideration on the BWA ballot

Seventy-five players have played in 2,400 or more games. Of that number: 45 1 7

are in the Hall of Fame (Rose) is ineligible for consideration (Bonds, Biggio and Palmeiro plus Fred McGriff, Julio Franco, Luis Gonzalez and Steve Finley) have not been retired for five years

152

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors 4 15

3

(Baines plus Dave Parker, Tim Raines and Andre Dawson) are currently under consideration on the BWA ballot (Staub plus Vada Pinson, Dwight Evans, Bill Buckner, Willie Davis, Buddy Bell, Graig Nettles, Darrell Evans, Ted Simmons, Ron Fairly, Bill Dahlen, Chili Davis, Gary Gaetti, Dave Concepcion and Mickey Vernon) can be considered by the Veteran’s Committee (Ken Griffey, Jr., Gary Sheffield and Omar Vizquel) were all active during the 2009 season

Eighty-one (57.4 percent) of the Hall of Famers have appeared in 2,000 or more games. Ninety-two (65.2 percent) of the Hall of Famers have appeared in 1,900 or more games. One hundred-two (72.3 percent) of the Hall of Famers have appeared in 1,800 or more games. One hundred-thirteen (80.1 percent) of the Hall of Famers have appeared in 1,700 or more games.

AT-BATS Twenty-three players have had 10,000 or more at-bats. Of that number: 20 1 2

are in the Hall of Fame (Pete Rose) is ineligible (Craig Biggio and Rafael Palmeiro) have not been retired for five years

Fifty-two players have had 9,200 or more at-bats. Of that number: 38 1 3 4 3 3

are in the Hall of Fame (Rose) is ineligible (Omar Vizquel, Gary Sheffield and Ken Griffey, Jr.) were active during the 2009 season (Biggio and Palmeiro plus Barry Bonds and Steve Finley) have not been retired for five years (Dave Parker, Harold Baines and Andre Dawson) are currently under consideration on the BWA ballot (Rusty Staub, Vada Pinson and Bill Buckner) are eligible for Veterans’ Committee consideration

Sixty-nine (48.9 percent) of the Hall of Famers have 8,000 or more atbats Eighty-seven (61.7 percent) of the Hall of Famers have 7,500 or more at-bats Ninety-eight (69.5 percent) of the Hall of Famers have 7,000 or more at-bats

153

The Longevity Factor

HITS Twenty-six players have amassed 3,000 or more base hits. Of that number: 23 1 2

are in the Hall of Fame (Pete Rose) is ineligible for consideration (Craig Biggio and Rafael Palmeiro) have not been retired for five years

Forty-four players have 2,800 or more career hits. Of that number: 39 1 3 1

are in the Hall of Fame (Rose) is ineligible for consideration (Biggio, and Palmeiro plus Barry Bonds) have not been retired for five years (Harold Baines) is currently on the BWA ballot

Eighty-nine players have 2,500 or more career hits. Of that number: 59 1 11

7 7 4

are in the Hall of Fame (Rose) is ineligible for consideration (Vada Pinson, Al Oliver, Rusty Staub, Bill Buckner, Willie Davis, Steve Garvey, Buddy Bell, Doc Cramer, Lave Cross, George Van Haltern and Jimmy Ryan) are eligible for consideration by the Veterans’ Committee (Biggio, Bonds and Palmeiro plus Roberto Alomar, Julio Franco, Steve Finley and Luis Gonzalez) have not been retired for five years (Omar Vizquel, Gary Sheffield, Ivan Rodriguez, Derek Jeter, Alex Rodriguez, Garret Anderson and Ken Griffey, Jr.) were active during the 2009 season (Baines plus Dave Parker, Tim Raines and Andre Dawson) are currently on the BWA ballot

One hundred-seven (75.9 percent) of the 141 Hall of Famers have accumulated at least 2,000 career hits.

PLAYERS

WITH

2,000 HITS

AND

200 HOME RUNS

Approximately one half of the 26 members of the 3,000-hit club were also well known for their power. We decided to trace this phenomenon farther to see what, if any, correlation exists between career hits and career home runs: Player Hank Aaron Stan Musial Carl Yastrzemski

Hits 3771 3630 3419

Home Rank Runs 3 4 6

755 475 452

Rank

Status

2 28.5 33

BWA BWA BWA

154

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Player Paul Molitor Willie Mays Eddie Murray Cal Ripken George Brett Robin Yount Dave Winfield Craig Biggio Rickey Henderson Rafael Palmeiro Al Kaline Roberto Clemente Frank Robinson Barry Bonds Rogers Hornsby Al Simmons Mel Ott Babe Ruth Harold Baines Brooks Robinson Andre Dawson Ken Griffey, Jr. Vada Pinson Derek Jeter Al Oliver Goose Goslin Tony Perez Roberto Alomar Lou Gehrig Rusty Staub Dave Parker Ivan Rodriguez Billy Williams Gary Sheffield Ted Williams Jimmy Foxx Steve Garvey Luis Gonzalez Reggie Jackson Ernie Banks Steve Finley Alex Rodriguez Joe Morgan Buddy Bell Garret Anderson Manny Ramirez Fred McGriff Ted Simmons Joe Medwick Frank E. Thomas

Hits Rank 3319 3283 3255 3184 3154 3142 3110 3060 3055 3020 3007 3000 2943 2935 2930 2927 2876 2873 2866 2848 2774 2763 2757 2747 2743 2735 2732 2724 2721 2716 2712 2711 2711 2689 2654 2646 2599 2591 2584 2583 2548 2531 2517 2514 2501 2494 2490 2472 2471 2468

8 10 11 13 14 16 18 19 20 23 25 26 30 31 33.5 35 38 39 40 42 45 46 47 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 57 58.5 58.5 62 69 70 74 76 78 79 82 84 86 87 89 91 92 93 94 95

Home Runs

Rank

234 660 504 431 317 251 465 291 297 569 399 240 586 762 301 307 511 714 384 268 438 630 256 224 219 248 379 210 493 292 339 305 426 509 521 534 272 354 563 512 304 583 268 201 285 546 493 248 205 521

228 4 25 38 104.5 193.5 31 132.5 127 11 46.5 215.5 7 1 124 114 23 3 54 165 36 5 179.5 239.5 249 198.5 60.5 265.5 26.5 131 84 120 40.5 24 19 17 160 75.5 13 21.5 122.5 8.5 165 291.5 143.5 15 26.5 198.5 279 19

Status BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA Eligible in 2013 BWA Eligible in 2011 BWA BWA BWA Eligible in 2013 BWA BWA BWA BWA Currently on BWA ballot BWA Currently on BWA ballot Active 2009 Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Eligible for VC consideration VC BWA Eligible in 2010 BWA Eligible for VC consideration Currently on BWA ballot Active 2009 BWA Active 2009 BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2014 BWA BWA Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 BWA Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Active 2009 Eligible in 2010 Eligible for VC consideration BWA Eligible in 2014

155

The Longevity Factor

Player Jeff Kent Jim Rice Dwight Evans Johnny Damon Mickey Mantle Sammy Sosa Chipper Jones Ryne Sandberg Chili Davis Lou Whitaker Carlton Fisk Orlando Cepeda Joe Torre Bernie Williams Andres Galarraga Eddie Mathews Jeff Bagwell Jim Bottomley Kirby Puckett Gary Gaetti Ron Santo Marquis Grissom Vladimir Guerrero Edgar Martinez John Olerud Mike Schmidt Willie Stargell Graig Nettles Darrell Evans Joe DiMaggio Willie McCovey Cecil Cooper Joe Carter Will Clark Larry Walker Don Mattingly Ruben Sierra Yogi Berra Ken Boyer Jim Thome Don Baylor Todd Helton Moises Alou Mike Piazza Duke Snider Miguel Tejada Bobby Abreau Dale Murphy Ellis Burks Paul O’Neill

Hits Rank 2461 2452 2446 2425 2415 2408 2406 2386 2380 2369 2356 2351 2342 2336 2333 2315 2314 2313 2304 2280 2254 2251 2249 2247 2239 2234 2232 2225 2223 2214 2211 2192 2184 2176 2160 2153 2152 2150 2143 2138 2135 2134 2134 2127 2116 2114 2111 2111 2107 2105

98 102 104 107 109 110 111 113 115 118 120 122 124 126 127 131 132 133 135.5 142 145.5 149.5 152.5 154 155 156 157 160 161 163 165 170 173 175 179 182 183 184.5 187 190 192 194 194 197.5 200 201 202.5 202.5 205 206

Home Runs

Rank

377 382 385 207 536 609 426 282 350 244 376 379 252 287 399 512 449 219 207 360 342 227 407 309 255 548 475 390 414 361 521 241 396 284 383 222 306 358 282 564 338 325 332 427 407 285 256 398 352 281

63.5 57 53 273.5 16 6 40.5 148 79 204.5 65 60.5 190 139 46.5 21.5 34 249 273.5 71 81 237 44.5 112 183 14 28.5 50 42 70 19 213 49 144.5 55 243.5 117 73 148 12 86 96 89.5 39 44.5 142.5 179.5 48 77 150

Status Eligible in 2014 BWA Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 BWA Eligible in 2013 Active 2009 BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA VC Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2012 Eligible in 2010 BWA Eligible in 2011 VC BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2011 Active 2009 Eligible in 2010 Eligible in 2011 BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2011 Currently on BWA ballot Eligible in 2012 BWA Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Eligible in 2014 Eligible in 2013 BWA Active 2009 Active 2009 Currently on BWA ballot Eligible in 2010 Eligible for VC consideration

156

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Player

Hits Rank

Felipe Alou Brian Downing Gary Carter Harmon Killebrew Tim Wallach Chuck Klein Del Ennis Wally Joyner Bob L. Johnson Johnny Bench Bobby Doerr Carlos Delgado Ken Singleton Reggie Smith Earl Averill, Sr. Gary Matthews Johnny Mize Bobby Bonilla Todd Zeile Shawn Green

2101 2099 2092 2086 2085 2076 2063 2060 2051 2048 2042 2038 2029 2020 2019 2011 2011 2010 2004 2003

209 211 213.5 218 219 224 228.5 231 234 235 237 239 242 244.5 246 249.5 249.5 251.5 256.5 258

Home Runs

Rank

206 275 324 573 260 300 288 204 288 389 223 473 246 314 238 234 359 287 253 328

277 156 98.5 10 175.5 125 136 281 136 51 241.5 30 201 109 219.5 228 72 139 186.5 92.5

Status Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration VC Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA VC Active 2009 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration VC Eligible for VC consideration VC Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2010 Eligible in 2013

Two hundred fifty-eight players have accumulated 2,000 or more hits and two hundred ninety-five have achieved the 200 home run mark. Of the 123 players listed above who have accomplished both milestones: 50 15 5 23 30

(40.7%) are in the Hall of Fame. Forty-three were elected by the Baseball Writers and seven by the Veterans’ Committee were active during the 2009 season are currently on the BWA ballot have not been retired for five years so are not yet eligible are eligible for consideration by the Veterans’ Committee

When those who are active, not yet eligible or currently under consideration are factored out the Hall of Famers increases to 62.5 percent.

The Longevity Factor Among Pitchers When Nolan Ryan was elected to the Hall of Fame he became the twentieth of twenty-four 300-game winners to be included. Roger Clemens, Greg Maddux and Tom Glavine (not yet eligible) and Randy Johnson, active in 2009, are the only non Hall of Famers among this select group. Of the top 100 pitchers in career victories 47 are in the Hall of Fame. The other 14 can be put into one of three categories:

The Longevity Factor Among Pitchers

157

1. Close to the top 100. Rube Marquard with 201 wins, Jack Chesbro with 198 wins, Dennis Eckersley with 197 wins, Dazzy Vance with 197 wins, Ed Walsh with 195 wins, Rube Waddell with 193 wins and Lefty Gomez with 189 wins fall just short of the 204 minimum victories among the 100 leaders. 2. Injuries and a tragic death. Sandy Koufax compiled brilliant statistics in a relatively brief 12-year career. An arthritic elbow caused his untimely retirement. Dizzy Dean’s arm problems also shortened his career to 12 years but like Koufax he compiled some impressive numbers. Addie Joss accumulated 160 wins in only 9 seasons but died at age 31 before the 1911 season started. 3. The recognition of the relief pitcher. Hoyt Wilhelm’s election in 1985 broke the drought for relievers. In 1992, Rollie Fingers became the second relief pitcher to achieve Hall of Fame status. His 341 saves ranked third on the all-time list at the time of his election. Bruce Sutter whose split-fingered fastball enabled him to record 300 saves and a 2.83 earned run average was elected in 2006. Rich Gossage joined the ranks in 2008 with his 310 saves and 3.01 earned run average.

ANALYSIS OF PITCHERS RANKING IN THE TOP 100 WINS, INNINGS PITCHED AND GAMES STARTED

IN

Category Top 25 Top 50 Top 75 Top 100

No. of Pitchers 16 38 57 78

Hall of Fame [BWA-VC]

13 25 34 39

PITCHERS Pitcher Cy Young Walter Johnson Grover Alexander Pud Galvin Warren Spahn Greg Maddux Roger Clemens Tim Keefe Steve Carlton Nolan Ryan Don Sutton

[11–2] [16–9] [22–12] [25–14]

IN

No. in Inactive Currently or Not on Ballot Yet Elig. 0 2 2 5 2 7 2 11

TOP 25

Rank in Wins 1 2 3.5 5 6 8 9 10 11 14.5 14.5

IN

% Elig. for in Hall VC Consid. of Fame 1 81.3% 6 67.6% 14 59.6% 26 50.0%

ALL THREE CATEGORIES

Rank in Innings Pitched 1 3 10 2 8 13 15 12 9 5 7

Rank in Games Started 1 13 22 10 14 4 7 23.5 6 2 3

Status BWA BWA BWA VC BWA Eligible in 2014 Eligible in 2013 VC BWA BWA BWA

158

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Pitcher Phil Niekro Gaylord Perry Tom Seaver Early Wynn Tommy John

PITCHERS

Rank in Wins 16 17 18 23.5 25 IN

Rank in Innings Pitched 4 6 17 21 19

TOP 50

IN

Rank in Games Started 5 9 15 18 8

ALL THREE CATEGORIES

Rank in Wins 3.5 7 12 13 19 20 21 22 26

Rank in Innings Pitched 18 11 22 27 23 16 29 37 14

Robin Roberts Tony Mullane

27 28.5

20 24

19.5 41

Ferguson Jenkins Jim Kaat

28.5 30

26 25

23.5 16

Red Ruffing Burleigh Grimes Jim Palmer Eppa Rixey Gus Weyhing

31 32.5 34 35.5 38

31 35 41 28 32

31.5 45.5 37 27 42.5

Jamie Moyer Jack Morris

40 41.5

44 49

19.5 35.5

Dennis Martinez

49

39

25

Jack Powell

49

30

40

Pitcher Christy Mathewson Kid Nichols John Clarkson Eddie Plank Hoss Radbourn Mickey Welch Tom Glavine Randy Johnson Bert Blyleven

PITCHERS Pitcher Lefty Grove Mike Mussina Bob Feller

IN

TOP 75

Rank in Wins 23.5 32.5 35.5

IN

Status BWA BWA BWA BWA Eligible for VC consideration

Rank in Games Started 28 26 39 33.5 42.5 29 12 21 11

Status BWA VC VC VC VC VC Eligible in 2014 Active 2009 Currently on BWA ballot BWA Eligible for VC consideration BWA Eligible for VC consideration BWA VC BWA VC Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Currently on BWA ballot Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration

ALL THREE CATEGORIES

Rank in Innings Pitched 42 64 48

Rank in Games Started 74.5 31.5 53

Status BWA Eligible in 2014 BWA

The Longevity Factor Among Pitchers Rank in Wins 37

Rank in Innings Pitched 33

Ted Lyons Red Faber Bob Gibson Vic Willis Juan Marichal Frank Tanana

39 41.5 44 45 51 52.5

36 38 45 40 68 34

53 55.5 57 64 74.5 17

David Wells Sad Sam Jones

54.5 61.5

76 46

48 50

Luis Tiant

61.5

70

53

Jim Bunning Catfish Hunter Jerry Koosman

65.5 65.5 69.5

53 74 47

38 59.5 35.5

Joe Niekro

71

61

44

Jerry Reuss

72

56

30

Earl Whitehill

75.5

63

62.5

Pitcher Jim McCormick

PITCHERS

IN

TOP 100

IN

Rank in Games Started 51

ALL THREE CATEGORIES

Rank in Wins 43 46

Rank in Innings Pitched 60 43

Amos Rusie Herb Pennock Waite Hoyt George Mullin

49 52.5 56.5 64

51 62 52 55

90 97.5 93.5 88.5

Mel Harder

67.5

78

84

Paul Derringer

67.5

57

78

Kenny Rogers Mickey Lolich

73.5 77.5

89 58

61 47

Freddie Fitzsimmons

77.5

95

91

Charlie Hough

80

50

80.5

Pitcher Carl Hubbell Jack Quinn

Status Eligible for VC consideration BWA VC BWA VC BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2013 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration VC BWA Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration

Rank in Games Started 86 78

Status BWA Eligible for VC consideration VC BWA VC Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible in 2014 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration

159

160

Part II : Hall of Famers—Other Factors

Pitcher Curt Schilling Jim Perry

Rank in Wins 80 82.5

Rank in Innings Pitched 93 90.5

Rank in Games Started 83 77

Rick Reuschel

84

65

33.5

John Smoltz Kevin Brown Bobo Newsom

85 88.5 88.5

72 94 54

58 59.5 55.5

Billy Pierce

88.5

87.5

85

Vida Blue

93

86

62.5

Don Drysdale

93

77

67.5

Status Eligible in 2013 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Active 2009 Eligible in 2011 Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration Eligible for VC consideration BWA

Ethnic Minorities in the Hall of Fame Although there were isolated instances of minorities playing briefly in the major leagues, usually under false identities, Jackie Robinson’s appearance as a Brooklyn Dodger in 1947 marks the breaking of the color barrier in major league baseball. To see how minorities have fared in Hall of Fame balloting since 1962, the first year of Robinson’s eligibility, we reviewed the Baseball Writer’s Association Hall of Fame selections from 2009 to 1962.

Year 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993

No. Elected 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 0 1 1 1

No. of Minorities Elected 2 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

Player(s) Rickey Henderson, Jim Rice Tony Gwynn

Eddie Murray Ozzie Smith Dave Winfield, Kirby Puckett Tony Perez

Reggie Jackson

Cumulative % of Minorities Elected 100% 66.7% 60.0% 50.0% 37.5% 30.0% 33.3% 38.5% 46.7% 47.1% 40.0% 38.1% 36.4% 36.4% 34.8% 33.3% 36.0%

Ethnic Minorities in the Hall of Fame

No. Year Elected 1992 2 1991 3 1990 2 1989 2 1988 1 1987 2 1986 1 1985 2 1984 3 1983 2 1982 2 1981 1 1980 2 1979 1 1978 1 1977 1 1976 2 1975 1 1974 2 1973SE 1 1973 1 1972 3 1971 0 1970 1 1969 2 1968 1 1967RO 1 1967 0 1966 1 1965 1964RO 1 1964 0 1963 1962 2 Totals 72

No. of Minorities Elected 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 26

161

Cumulative % of Minorities Player(s) Elected 33.3% Rod Carew, Ferguson Jenkins 36.7% Joe Morgan 37.5% 35.3% Wilver Stargell 37.1% Billy Williams 37.8% Willie McCovey 39.5% Lou Brock 40.0% Luis Aparicio 39.5% Juan Marichal 40.0% Henry Aaron, Frank Robinson 42.6% Bob Gibson 43.8% 42.0% Willie Mays 43.1% 42.3% Ernie Banks 43.4% 41.8% 41.1% 39.7% Roberto Clemente 40.7% 40.0% 38.1% 38.1% 37.5% Roy Campanella 37.9% 37.3% 36.8% 36.8% 36.2% No Election 35.7% 35.7% No Election Jackie Robinson 36.1%

Between 1975 and 1983 minority representation in the Hall of Fame was 40 percent or more and since 1962 stands at 36.1 percent. There are two possible interpretations to this phenomenon. One would be that the writers have gone out of their way to consider minority candidates. The other would be that once given the opportunity to compete, the minority player has set such a high standard that recognition cannot be ignored. Considering the 26 names that appear on the list, it would seem that the latter interpretation comes closer to reality. As rosters continue to be stocked with minority talent it can be safely assumed that the number of Hall of Famers of ethnic minority background will increase.

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PART III: ANALYSIS OF HALL OF FAME PLAYERS BY POSITION Introduction In Part III the Hall of Fame voting is broken down by position in an effort to determine the overlooked players and perhaps expose questionable inclusions. The tables and analyses in this part of the study are organized by position, with the following six segments to the coverage of each position. 1. Listing of every player who has received a vote in a Baseball Writers’ Association of America election, in order of the highest percentage of votes received in an election. 2. Yearly list of the players receiving the highest percentage of votes. 3. General analysis of the voting. 4. Rank in voting by year which includes only those who achieved at least 10 percent of the vote. 5. Yearly list of the number of players who received at least 10 percent of the vote and the number each year who ultimately were elected to the Hall of Fame via the Baseball Writers’ Association (BWA) or the Veterans Committee (VC). In addition the year that each non Hall of Famer received at least 10 percent of the vote is indicated. 6. Brief conclusions about the 10 percent vote in the preceding table.

Pitchers Name Tom Seaver Nolan Ryan Steve Carlton Bob Feller Jim Palmer

Years Pitched Highest First–Last %-age 1967–1986 1966–1993 1965–1988 1936–1956 1965–1984

%-age Range

98.8% 98.8% 95.8% 93.8% 92.6%

Number of Year Years Elections* HOF Elected Pitched 1 1 1 1 1

BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA

*Number of elections in which any votes were received; ( ) indicates a run-off election. 163

1992 1999 1994 1962 1990

20 27 24 18 19

164

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Name Christy Mathewson Carl Hubbell Red Ruffing Robin Roberts Sandy Koufax Ted Lyons Rich Gossage Bob Gibson Hoyt Wilhelm Juan Marichal Walter Johnson Warren Spahn Dennis Eckersley Rollie Fingers Dazzy Vance Don Sutton Grover Alexander Phil Niekro Dizzy Dean Bob Lemon Don Drysdale Whitey Ford Herb Pennock Gaylord Perry Bruce Sutter Lefty Grove Jim Hunter Cy Young Early Wynn Ferguson Jenkins Jim Bunning Rube Waddell Bert Blyleven Ed Walsh Eppa Rixey Lefty Gomez Lee Smith Chief Bender Jack Morris Clark Griffith Hal Newhouser Burleigh Grimes Johnny Sain Allie Reynolds Tommy John Luis Tiant Red Faber Johnny Vander Meer Jim Kaat

Years Pitched Highest First–Last %-age 1900–1916 1928–1943 1924–1947 1948–1966 1955–1966 1923–1946 1972–1994 1959–1975 1952–1972 1960–1975 1907–1927 1942–1965 1975–1998 1968–1985 1915–1935 1966–1988 1911–1930 1964–1987 1930–1947 1941–1958 1956–1969 1950–1967 1912–1934 1962–1983 1976–1988 1925–1941 1965–1979 1890–1911 1939–1963 1965–1983 1955–1971 1897–1910 1970–1992 1904–1917 1912–1933 1930–1943 1980–1997 1903–1925 1977–1994 1891–1914 1939–1955 1916–1934 1942–1955 1942–1954 1963–1989 1964–1982 1914–1933 1937–1951 1959–1983

90.7% 87.0% 86.9% 86.9% 86.9% 86.5% 85.8% 84.0% 83.8% 83.7% 83.6% 83.2% 83.2% 82.1% 81.7% 81.6% 80.9% 80.3% 79.2% 78.6% 78.4% 77.8% 77.7% 77.2% 76.9% 76.4% 76.3% 76.1% 76.0% 75.4% 74.2% 65.3% 62.7% 56.9% 52.8% 46.1% 45.0% 44.7% 44.0% 43.7% 42.8% 34.2% 34.0% 33.6% 31.7% 30.9% 30.9% 29.8% 29.6%

%-age Range

Number of Year Years Elections* HOF Elected Pitched

9.7%–87.0% (2.1%)–86.9% 56.1%–86.9% 1.5%–86.5% 33.3%–85.8% 38.9%–83.8% 58.1%–83.7%

65.7%–82.1% 0.4%–81.7% 56.9%–81.6% 24.3%–80.9% 60.0%–80.3% 6.9%–79.2% (1.3%)–78.6% 21.0%–78.4% 67.1%–77.8% (6.1%)–77.7% 68.0%–77.2% 24.0%–76.9% 5.3%–76.4% 53.7%–76.3% 49.1%–76.1% 27.9%–76.0% 52.3%–75.4% 33.3%–74.2% 14.6%–65.3% 14.1%–62.7% 8.8%–56.9% 0.4%–52.8% 0.6%–46.1% 36.6%–45.0% 0.9%–44.7% 19.6%–44.0% 2.0%–43.7% (1.3%)–42.8% 0.4%–34.2% 0.6%–34.0% 0.5%–33.6% 18.7%–31.7% 7.2%–30.9% 0.4%–30.9% 0.4%–29.8% 14.0%–29.6%

1 3(1) 15(3) 4 1 10(1) 9 1 8 3 1 1 1 2 16(1) 5 3 5 9(2) 12(2) 10 2 8(1) 3 13 4(1) 3 2 4 3 15 7(1) 12 7(1) 16 15 7 14(1) 10 6(1) 12(2) 14 10 13(2) 15 15 16 12(2) 15

BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA VC VC

1936 1947 1967 1976 1972 1955 2008 1981 1985 1983 1936 1973 2004 1992 1955 1998 1938 1997 1953 1976 1984 1974 1948 1991 2006 1947 1987 1937 1972 1991 1996 1946

VC VC VC

1946 1963 1972

VC

1953

VC VC VC

1946† 1992 1964

VC

1964

*Number of elections in which any votes were received; ( ) indicates a run-off election. †Elected as an executive.

17 16 22 19 12 21 22 17 21 16 21 21 24 17 16 23 20 24 12 15 14 16 22 22 12 17 15 22 23 19 17 13 22 14 21 14 18 16 18 21 17 19 11 13 26 19 20 13 25

165

Pitchers

Name Mordecai Brown Eddie Plank Joe McGinnity Mickey Lolich Mel Harder Lew Burdette Bucky Walters Waite Hoyt Roy Face Joe Wood Don Newcombe Addie Joss Rube Marquard Babe Adams Sparky Lyle Stan Coveleski Don Larsen Orel Hershiser Vic Raschi Dickie Kerr Bobo Newsom Ron Guidry Vida Blue Jesse Haines Tommy Bridges Nick Altrock Dave Stewart Wilbur Wood Lon Warneke Sal Maglie Nap Rucker Fernando Valenzuela Paul Derringer Freddie Fitzsimmons Dolf Luque Hal Schumacher Schoolboy Rowe Fred Hutchinson Art Nehf Jeff Reardon Ewell Blackwell Howard Ehmke Eddie Rommel Wilbur Cooper David Cone Dan Quisenberry Harvey Haddix Wes Ferrell Jack Quinn

Years Pitched Highest First–Last %-age 1903–1916 1901–1917 1899–1908 1963–1979 1928–1947 1950–1967 1931–1950 1918–1938 1953–1969 1908–1920 1949–1960 1902–1910 1908–1925 1906–1926 1967–1982 1912–1928 1953–1967 1983–2000 1946–1955 1919–1925 1929–1953 1975–1988 1969–1986 1918–1937 1930–1946 1898–1924 1978–1995 1961–1978 1930–1945 1945–1958 1907–1916 1980–1997 1931–1945 1925–1943 1914–1935 1931–1946 1933–1949 1939–1953 1915–1929 1979–1994 1942–1955 1915–1930 1920–1932 1912–1926 1986–2003 1979–1990 1952–1965 1927–1941 1909–1933

27.7% 27.0% 26.2% 25.5% 25.4% 24.1% 23.7% 19.2% 18.9% 18.0% 15.3% 14.2% 13.9% 13.7% 13.1% 12.8% 12.3% 11.2% 10.2% 10.0% 9.4% 8.8% 8.7% 8.3% 7.5% 7.5% 7.4% 7.0% 6.5% 6.5% 6.4% 6.3% 6.2% 6.0% 5.6% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% 4.9% 4.8% 4.7% 4.5% 4.5% 4.4% 3.9% 3.8% 3.8% 3.6% 3.4%

%-age Range

Number of Year Years Elections* HOF Elected Pitched

2.7%–27.7% 10.2%–27.0% 6.0%–26.2% 5.1%–25.5% 0.4%–25.4% 1.9%–24.1% 1.3%–23.7% 0.4%–19.2% 5.5%–18.9% 0.4%–18.0% (0.7%)–15.3% 5.5%–14.2% 0.4%–13.9% 2.8%–13.7% 3.4%–13.1% 0.4%–12.8% 5.9%–12.3% 4.4%–11.2% 0.4%–10.2% 0.4%–10.0% (0.4%)–9.4% 4.9%–8.8% 3.1%–8.7% 0.4%–8.3% (0.4%)–7.5% 0.4%–7.5% 4.9%–7.4% 3.1%–7.0% 0.8%–6.5% 3.9%–6.5% 0.4%–6.4% 3.8%–6.3% 0.4%–6.2% 0.6%–6.0% 0.4%–5.6% 0.4%–5.0% 1.1%–5.0% 0.6%–5.0% 0.4%–4.9% 1.8%–4.7% 0.4%–4.5% 0.4%–4.5% 0.4%–4.4% 0.3%–3.8% 0.6%–3.6% 0.7%–3.4%

7(1) 6 6(1) 15 11(2) 15 13(2) 15 15 9 15(1) 6 13 15 4 5 15 2 9 11 11(2) 9 4 12 6(1) 7 2 6 5 2 7 2 7 7 9 7 4 2 11 1 3 10 8 9 1 1 10 5 3

VC VC VC

1949 1946 1946

VC

1969

VC VC

1978 1971

VC

1969

VC

1970

*Number of elections in which any votes were received; ( ) indicates a run-off election.

14 17 10 16 20 18 19 21 16 11 10 9 18 19 16 14 14 18 10 4 20 14 17 19 16 16 16 17 15 10 10 17 15 19 20 13 15 11 15 16 10 15 13 15 17 12 14 15 23

166

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Name Dwight Gooden Carl Erskine Dennis Martinez Amos Rusie Spud Chandler Dave McNally John Hiller Bill Dineen Orval Grove Harry Brecheen Kid Nichols George Earnshaw Charlie Root Jim Abbott Vernon Law Bobby Shantz Carl Mays Jack Chesbro Wild Bill Donovan Virgil Trucks Jim Perry Billy Pierce Firpo Marberry Joe Bush Rick Sutcliffe Al Schact Emil J. Leonard Jack Coombs J. R. Richard Ellis Kinder Mike Marshall Urban Shocker George Uhle Tug McGraw Ron Perranoski Darryl Kile Dave Stieb Kent Tekulve Curt Simmons Red Lucas Joe Niekro Brett Saberhagen Ken Holtzman Milt Pappas Tom Henke Bill Doak Eddie Lopat Mort Cooper Earl Whitehill

Years Pitched Highest First–Last %-age 1984–2000 1948–1959 1976–1998 1889–1901 1937–1947 1962–1975 1965–1980 1898–1909 1940–1949 1940–1953 1890–1906 1928–1936 1923–1941 1989–1999 1950–1967 1949–1964 1915–1929 1899–1909 1898–1918 1941–1958 1959–1975 1945–1964 1923–1936 1912–1928 1976–1994 1919–1921 1933–1953 1906–1920 1971–1980 1946–1957 1967–1981 1916–1928 1919–1936 1965–1984 1961–1973 1991–2002 1979–1998 1974–1989 1947–1967 1923–1938 1967–1988 1984–2001 1965–1979 1957–1973 1982–1995 1912–1929 1944–1955 1938–1949 1923–1939

3.3% 3.2% 3.2% 3.1% 3.0% 2.8% 2.6% 2.6% 2.6% 2.6% 2.6% 2.5% 2.5% 2.5% 2.4% 2.3% 2.3% 2.2% 2.0% 2.0% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 1.7% 1.6% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1%

%-age Range 0.7%–3.2% 0.4%–3.1% 0.4%–3.0% 1.2%–2.8% 0.4%–2.6% 1.9%–2.6% 0.6%–2.6% 0.5%–2.6% 0.8%–2.5% 0.4%–2.5% 1.3%–2.4% 0.8%–2.3% 0.5%–2.2% 0.4%–2.0% 1.5%–1.9% 1.0%–1.9% 0.4%–1.9% 0.4%–1.8% 0.7%–1.8% 0.4%–1.7%

0.4%–1.5% 0.5%–1.5%

0.8%–1.3% 0.4%–1.3% 1.0%–1.2%

0.3%–1.1% 0.4%–1.1% 0.5%–1.1%

Number of Year Years Elections* HOF Elected Pitched 1 8 1 5 5 4 1 5 2 7 5 5 6 1 7 5 1 4 5 1 2 5 5 1 1 3 7 5 1 1 1 5 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 4 3

VC

1977

VC

1949

VC

1946

*Number of elections in which any votes were received; ( ) indicates a run-off election.

16 12 23 10 11 14 15 12 10 12 15 9 17 10 16 16 15 11 18 17 17 18 14 17 18 3 20 14 10 12 14 13 17 19 13 12 16 16 20 15 22 16 15 17 14 16 12 11 17

167

Pitchers

Name Guy Bush Art Houtteman Jim Tobin Jerry Koosman Charlie Hough Deacon Phillippe Van Mungo Joe Oescheger Hugh Mulcahy Ray Kremer Jake Miller Leon Cadore Bill Hallahan Bill Sherdel Mel Stottlemyre Camilo Pascual Andy Messersmith Jim Lonberg Lee Meadows Sherry Smith Johnny Podres Preacher Roe John Wetteland Jack McDowell Hub Pruett Lindy McDaniel Fred Toney Jimmy Ring Denny McLain Jim Bouton Bill F. Lee Morrie Martin Marv Grissom Rip Sewell Eddie Dyer Jimmy Key Rick Aguilera Jesse Tannehill Jim Turner John Clarkson Tully Sparks Steve Gromek Jim Brewer Steve Blass Bob Kuzava Claude Osteen Jack Dunn Ted Breitenstein Cy Falkenberg

Years Pitched Highest First–Last %-age 1923–1945 1945–1957 1937–1945 1967–1985 1970–1994 1899–1911 1931–1945 1914–1925 1935–1947 1924–1933 1924–1933 1915–1924 1925–1938 1918–1932 1964–1974 1954–1971 1968–1979 1965–1979 1915–1929 1911–1927 1953–1969 1938–1954 1989–2000 1987–1999 1922–1932 1955–1975 1911–1923 1917–1928 1963–1972 1962–1978 1969–1982 1949–1959 1946–1959 1932–1949 1922–1927 1984–1998 1985–2000 1894–1911 1937–1945 1882–1894 1897–1910 1941–1957 1960–1976 1964–1974 1946–1957 1957–1975 1897–1904 1891–1901 1903–1917

1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5%

%-age Range

0.4%–0.8% 0.4%–0.8% 0.8%–0.8% 0.4%–0.8% 0.4%–0.8% 0.3%–0.8% 0.7%–0.8% 0.7%–0.8% 0.5%–0.8% 0.3%–0.8% 0.4%–0.7% 0.2%–0.7% 0.3%–0.7%

0.4%–0.6%

0.4%–0.5%

Number of Year Years Elections* HOF Elected Pitched 1 1 1 1 1 4 4 1 1 2 1 1 4 9 1 2 2 2 1 1 3 6 1 1 5 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1

VC

*Number of elections in which any votes were received; ( ) indicates a run-off election.

1963

17 12 9 19 25 13 14 12 9 10 9 10 12 15 11 18 12 15 15 14 15 12 12 12 7 21 12 12 10 10 14 10 10 13 6 15 16 15 9 12 12 17 17 10 10 18 7 11 12

168

Name Jim Maloney Dizzy Trout Sam Leever Dick Rudolph Sam P. Jones Bugs Raymond Ray Sadecki John Tudor Jerry Reuss Mike Scott Rick Reuschel Mike Flanagan Jumbo Elliott Monte Pearson Alvin Crowder Curt Davis Whitlow Wyatt Tom Zachary Jack Scott Rube Walberg Watty Clark Chick Fraser Noodles Hahn Andy Coakley Hub Perdue Johnny Allen Larry Benton Howie Camnitz Satchel Paige Bob Forsch Willie Hernandez Dave Righetti Frank Viola Sid Fernandez Rick Honeycutt Doug Drabek Tom Candiotti Jeff Montgomery Doug Jones Rod Beck Robb Nen Don McMahon Dave Giusti Dock Ellis Jim Hearn Bob Porterfield Ned Garver John Candelaria

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position Years Pitched Highest First–Last %-age 1960–1971 1939–1957 1898–1910 1910–1927 1914–1935 1904–1911 1960–1977 1979–1990 1969–1990 1979–1991 1972–1991 1975–1992 1923–1934 1932–1941 1926–1936 1934–1946 1929–1945 1918–1936 1916–1929 1923–1937 1924–1937 1896–1909 1899–1906 1902–1911 1911–1915 1932–1944 1923–1935 1904–1915 1948–1965 1974–1989 1977–1989 1979–1995 1982–1996 1983–1997 1977–1997 1986–1998 1983–1999 1987–1999 1982–2000 1991–2004 1993–2002 1957–1974 1962–1977 1968–1979 1947–1959 1948–1959 1948–1961 1975–1993

0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2%

%-age Range 0.5%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5%

0.4%–0.4% 0.4%–0.4% 0.4%–0.4%

0.4%–0.4%

0.3%–0.3%

Number of Year Years Elections* HOF Elected Pitched 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1

VC

*Number of elections in which any votes were received; ( ) indicates a run-off election. ‡Elected for his career in the Negro Leagues.

1971‡

12 15 13 13 22 6 18 12 22 13 19 18 10 10 11 13 16 19 12 15 12 14 8 9 5 13 13 11 6 16 13 16 15 15 21 13 16 13 16 13 10 18 15 12 13 12 14 19

169

Pitchers Years Pitched Highest First–Last %-age

Name Bill Gullickson Bruce Hurst Bob Welch Jim Bibby Mike Torrez Burt Hooton Bill Campbell Dennis Leonard Sonny Siebert Chris Short Clay Carroll Al Hrabosky Jack Billingham Mike Krukow Steve Bedrosian Tom Browning Ron Darling Jim DeShaies Jose Rijo Mark Davis Randy Myers Chuck Finley Todd Stottlemyre Jesse Orosco Mickey Welch Hoss Radbourn Pud Galvin Tim Keefe Vic Willis

1979–1994 1980–1994 1978–1994 1972–1984 1967–1984 1971–1985 1973–1987 1974–1986 1964–1975 1959–1973 1964–1978 1970–1982 1968–1980 1976–1989 1981–1995 1984–1995 1983–1995 1984–1995 1984–1995 1980–1997 1985–1998 1986–2002 1988–2002 1979–2003 1880–1892 1880–1891 1879–1892 1880–1893 1898–1910

%-age Range

Number of Year Years Elections* HOF Elected Pitched

0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VC VC VC VC VC

1973 1939 1965 1964 1995

14 15 17 12 18 15 15 12 12 15 15 13 13 14 14 12 13 12 12 15 14 17 14 24 13 12 14 14 13

*Number of elections in which any votes were received; ( ) indicates a run-off election. Includes only those who achieved 10% of the vote in any year 1936

1937

1938

Christy Mathewson 90.7% BWA Walter Johnson 86.3% BWA Cy Young 49.1% Grover Alexander 24.3% Rube Waddell 14.6%

Young 76.1% BWA Alexander 62.2% Waddell 33.3% Ed Walsh 27.9% Mordecai Brown 15.4%

Alexander 80.9% BWA Waddell 56.5% Walsh 42.0% Brown 20.6% Eddie Plank 14.5% Herb Pennock 14.1% Joe McGinnity 13.7%

1939 Waddell Walsh Brown Pennock Chief Bender

65.3% McGinnity 11.7% 48.2% Plank 10.2% 19.7% Addie Joss 10.2% 14.6% 14.6%

1942 Waddell Walsh Pennock Clark Griffith Brown

54.1% 48.5% 30.9% 30.5% 27.0%

Plank McGinnity Bender Dazzy Vance Joss

27.0% 25.3% 23.6% 15.9% 14.2% VC-1978

170

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1945

Waddell Walsh Griffith Brown Pennock McGinnity Bender Plank Lefty Grove

1946

62.3% 55.5% 43.7% 18.6% 18.2% 17.8% 16.2% 13.4% 11.3%

Waddell Walsh Carl Hubbell Griffith Grove Brown McGinnity Pennock Dizzy Dean Bender Plank Vance

1946 Run Off 60.4% 56.9% 50.0% 36.1% 35.1% 27.7% 26.2% 20.3% 19.8% 19.3% 16.8% 15.3%

Waddell Walsh Hubbell Griffith Grove Brown McGinnity Pennock Dizzy Dean Bender Plank Vance

1947 Hubbell Grove Dean Pennock Bender Vance Joe Wood Babe Adams Rube Marquard

1948

87.0% BWA 76.4% BWA 54.7% 53.4% 44.7% 31.1% 18.0% 13.7% 11.2%

1950

43.3% 8.0% 7.5% 2.1% 0.0%

Dean Vance Lyons Gomez

1952 Dean Vance Lyons Bender Gomez

65.0% 44.9% 43.2% 29.9% 12.4%

1955 Lyons Vance Gomez Ruffing Marquard Waite Hoyt Red Faber Dickie Kerr

86.5% BWA 81.7% BWA 28.3% 23.9% 13.9% VC-1971 13.1% 10.8% 10.0%

1949

Pennock 77.7% BWA Dean 33.1% Vance 19.0% Lefty Gomez 13.2% Ted Lyons 12.4%

1949 Run Off Dean Vance Lyons Ruffing Gomez

33.1% VC-1946 40.3% VC-1946 28.5% 31.2% VC-Exec. 1946 23.2% 18.3% VC-1949 17.9% VC-1946 6.1% 17.1% 13.3% 0 VC-1946 0.0%

50.9% 31.1% 25.1% 10.8%

1953 Dean Vance Lyons Bender Gomez

79.2% BWA 56.8% 52.7% 39.4% VC 13.3%

1956 Ruffing Gomez Hoyt Faber Eppa Rixey Burleigh Grimes

Dean Vance Lyons Red Ruffing Gomez

57.5% 21.6% 19.0% 14.4% 11.1%

1951 Dean Lyons Vance Bender Gomez

64.2% 31.4% 31.0% 15.5% 10.2%

1954 Lyons Vance Gomez Ruffing

67.5% 62.7% 15.1% 11.5%

1958 50.3% 46.1% 19.2% 17.6% 14.0% 13.0%

Ruffing 37.2% Gomez 28.6% Grimes 26.7% Faber 25.6% Hoyt 13.9% Johnny Vandermeer 13.2% Stan Coveleski 12.8% VC-1969 Bucky Walters 12.4% Rixey 12.0%

171

Pitchers 1960 Rixey Grimes Ruffing Faber Gomez Vander Meer Hoyt

1962 52.8% 34.2% 32.0% 30.9% 19.0% 11.5% 10.8%

Bob Feller Ruffing Rixey Grimes Faber Gomez Hoyt

1964 Run Off Ruffing Vander Meer Harder Walters Reynolds Newhouser Lemon

81.4%* 8.8% 6.2% 3.5% 2.7% 1.3% 1.3%

86.9% BWA 11.4% 7.8% 6.7% 4.6% 4.2% 2.3%

1970 Wynn Reynolds Vander Meer Newhouser Lemon

Ruffing 70.1% Mel Harder 25.4% Vander Meer 25.4% Walters 17.4% Allie Reynolds 17.4% Hal Newhouser 12.9% Bob Lemon 11.9%

VC-1963 VC-1964 VC-1964 VC-1972 VC-1969

1967 68.9% 23.8% 19.9% 18.5% 11.3%

Ruffing Vander Meer Reynolds Walters Newhouser Harder Lemon

33.6% 27.9% 23.7% 23.7% 16.6%

Reynolds Vander Meer Early Wynn Newhouser Lemon

1968 Reynolds Vander Meer Walters Newhouser Lemon

1973 83.2% BWA 67.1% 56.1% 46.6% 24.5% 20.8% 12.4%

1976 86.9% BWA 78.6% BWA 29.4% 12.1%

Wynn Reynolds Vander Meer Newhouser Lemon

28.8% 27.9% 27.9% 24.1% 16.5%

1972 66.7% 30.6% 27.2% 26.1% 25.0%

Sandy Koufax Wynn Lemon Reynolds Newhouser

1974 Ford Roberts Lemon Reynolds Sain

72.6% 29.8% 26.4% 22.3% 21.3% 17.8% 12.0%

1969

1971 46.7% 29.7% 29.3% 26.7% 23.3%

Warren Spahn Whitey Ford Robin Roberts Lemon Reynolds Newhouser Johnny Sain

Roberts Lemon Drysdale Don Larsen

BWA

1966 Ruffing Vander Meer Reynolds Walters Harder

1967 Run Off Ruffing Vander Meer Walters Reynolds Harder Newhouser Lemon

1964

93.8% 45.0% 30.6% 26.9% 18.8% 12.5% 11.3%

1975

77.8% BWA 61.4% 52.1% 27.7% 14.0%

Roberts Lemon Newhouser Sain Don Drysdale Vic Raschi

1977 Drysdale Jim Bunning Lew Burdette Don Newcombe Larsen

86.9% BWA 76.0% BWA 29.5% 26.5% 23.2%

72.7% 64.4% 42.8% VC-1992 34.0% 21.0% 10.2%

1978 51.4% 38.1% 22.2% 11.2% 10.2%

Drysdale Bunning Hoyt Wilhelm Burdette Newcombe

57.8% 47.8% 41.7% 20.1% 12.7%

*In 1964 Run Off only one player was elected. Luke Appling received 83.6% of the vote besting Ruffing’s 81.4%

172

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1979

1980

Drysdale Wilhelm Bunning Larsen Burdette Newcombe

53.9% 38.9% 34.0% 12.3% 12.3% 12.0%

Drysdale Wilhelm Bunning Burdette Newcombe

1982 Marichal Wilhelm Drysdale Bunning Burdette

Marichal Wilhelm Drysdale Bunning Burdette

Hunter Bunning Burdette Lolich Face

68.0% 63.3% 52.3% 19.5% 10.5% 10.5% 10.5%

Tom Seaver Fingers Kaat Tiant Lolich

P. Niekro Sutton Sutter Kaat Tommy John

Phil Niekro Kaat Tiant Lolich

65.7% 29.6% 14.7% 10.2%

1996 62.2% 57.4% 29.8% 21.7% 21.3%

1997 80.3% BWA 73.2% 27.5% 22.6%

92.6% BWA 72.1% 66.7% 57.9% 17.8% 11.3%

1993

98.8% BWA 81.2% BWA 26.5% 11.6% 10.5%

1995

95.8% BWA 60.0% 56.9% 24.0% 21.5%

76.3% BWA 70.0% 23.2% 20.3% 18.9%

Jim Palmer Perry Jenkins Bunning Kaat Face

1992

77.2% BWA 75.4% BWA 65.7% 63.7% 14.0%

1994

P. Niekro Sutton Sutter Kaat

Hunter Bunning Burdette Lolich Face

1990

Gaylord Perry Bunning Ferguson Jenkins Jim Kaat Tiant Lolich Face

1991

78.4% BWA 72.0% 49.9% 24.1% 16.1%

1987 68.0% 65.6% 22.6% 20.2% 17.4%

1989 74.2% 30.9% 25.5% 13.1%

84.0% BWA 60.6% 59.4% 58.1% 40.9% 12.0%

1984 Drysdale Wilhelm Bunning Burdette Roy Face

1986

83.8% BWA 54.2% 53.7% 20.8% 19.7% 15.7%

1988

Steve Carlton P. Niekro Don Sutton Bruce Sutter Kaat

Bob Gibson Drysdale Wilhelm Juan Marichal Bunning Burdette

83.7% BWA 65.0% 64.7% 36.9% 11.5%

1985 Wilhelm Bunning Jim Hunter Burdette Mickey Lolich Face

Perry Jenkins Rollie Fingers Bunning Kaat

61.8% 54.3% 46.0% 17.1% 15.3%

1983 73.5% 56.9% 56.1% 33.3% 10.4%

Bunning Luis Tiant Lolich Sparky Lyle

1981

P. Neikro Sutton Sutter John Kaat Tiant

68.3% 63.8% 29.1% 21.7% 19.4% 13.6%

1998 John 20.5% Tiant 11.2%

Sutton Sutter John Kaat

81.6% BWA 31.1% 27.3% 27.3%

Bert Blyleven 17.5% Tiant 11.0%

173

Pitchers 1999 Nolan Ryan Sutter Kaat John Blyleven Tiant

2000

98.8% BWA 24.3% 20.1% 18.7% 14.1% 10.7%

Sutter Rich Gossage John Kaat Jack Morris Blyleven Tiant

2002 Sutter Gossage John Blyleven Kaat Morris Tiant

Sutter Gossage John Kaat Blyleven Morris Tiant

2003

50.4% 43.0% 26.9% 26.3% 23.1% 20.6% 18.0%

Sutter Lee Smith Gossage Blyleven Kaat John Morris

2005 Sutter Gossage Blyleven Smith Morris John

2001 38.5% 33.3% 27.1% 25.1% 22.2% 17.4% 17.2%

2004 53.6% 42.3% 42.1% 29.2% 26.2% 23.4% 22.8%

Dennis Eckersley Sutter Gossage Smith Blyleven Morris John

2006

66.7% 55.2% 40.9% 38.8% 33.3% 23.8%

Sutter Gossage Blyleven Smith Morris John Orel Hershiser

83.2% BWA 59.5% 40.7% 36.6% 35.4% 26.3% 21.9%

2007 76.9% BWA 64.6% 53.3% 45.0% 41.2% 29.6% 11.2%

2008 Gossage Blyleven Smith Morris John

47.6% 44.3% 28.3% 27.0% 23.5% 19.6% 12.2%

85.8% BWA 61.9% 43.3% 42.9% 29.1%

Gossage Blyleven Smith Morris John

71.2% 47.7% 39.8% 37.1% 22.9%

2009 Blyleven Smith Morris John

62.7% 44.5% 44.0% 31.7%

Analysis of Voting for Pitchers The first three ballots saw the election of four of the all-time greats, Christy Mathewson and Walter Johnson in 1936, Cy Young in 1937, and Grover Alexander in 1938. The next four elections saw between eight to twelve pitchers receiving over 10 percent of the vote but none able to gain election. The log jam was broken in 1946 with four pitchers and one executive (Clark Griffith) selected by the Veterans Committee. In 1947, Hubbell and Grove, two great southpaws, were elected by the Baseball Writers. Dizzy Dean, the top-ranked pitcher for five consecutive

174

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

years, reached the pinnacle in 1953. From 1972 through 1976, six pitchers were elected by the BWA, three in their first year of eligibility. A long period of waiting for Veterans Committee selections occurred between the election of Addie Joss in 1978 and Hal Newhouser in 1992. Allie Reynolds is the only pitcher who has ranked first in voting (1968 and 1969) and not been elected to the Hall of Fame. Don Sutton after a near miss in the 1997 balloting was elected with 81.6 percent of the vote in 1998. Three-hundred-game winners have yet to be denied admission to the Hall of Fame. This was again borne out in 1999 when Nolan Ryan in his first year of eligibility became the twentieth and last of the 300-win fraternity at that time to be enshrined. From 2000 through 2003 the same six pitchers (Sutter, Gossage, John, Kaat, Blyleven and Morris) received more than 10 percent of the votes. However, none were close to achieving the requisite 75 percent. In 2003, Lee Smith was added to this group in his first year on the ballot while Jim Kaat dropped off after 15 years. 2004 saw Dennis Eckersley elected in his initial try with the revised group of six following. Again in 2005 the same six received enough support to remain on the ballot. The 2006 ballot saw Bruce Sutter elected with the same five (Gossage, Blyleven, Smith, Morris and John) following. Orel Hershiser replaced Sutter which saw six pitchers with over 10 percent of the vote. In 2007 Hershiser was dropped while the previous five received votes in the same order as 2006. Gossage was recognized by the voters in 2008 while Blyleven, Smith, Morris and John again trailed in the same order. In the 2009 voting the same four finished in the fourth through seventh slots. Rank in Voting by Years (10% or more of the votes) Last Year 1936 1937 Christy Mathewson Walter Johnson Cy Young Grover Alexander Rube Waddell Ed Walsh Mordecai Brown Eddie Plank Herb Pennock Joe McGinnity Chief Bender Addie Joss

1916 1927 1911 1930 1910 1917 1916 1917 1934 1908 1925 1910

1B 2B 3 4 5

1B 2 3 4 5

B—Baseball Writers’ Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in voting

1938

1B 2 3 4 5 6 7

1939 1942 1945

1 2 3 4T 7T 6 4T 7T

1 2 5T 5T 3 7 8 10

1 2 4 8 5 6 7

1946

1946 RO

1 2V 2 1V 6 6V-1949 11 V 8 7 7V 10 9

1947

4 5

175

Pitchers Last Year 1936 1937 Clark Griffith Dazzy Vance Lefty Grove Carl Hubbell Dizzy Dean Joe Wood Babe Adams Rube Marquard

Herb Pennock Joe McGinnity Chief Bender Addie Joss Clark Griffith Dazzy Vance Dizzy Dean Rube Marquard

4 9

3 9

1949 RO

1950 1951 1952

1946 RO

1946 4 12 5 3 9

3V-Exec

1953

1954

1947 6 2B 1B 3 7 8 9

5 4 8

1955

1B

3 2 1943 1946 1947 1938 1933 1925

2 1

4 5

1933 1934 1951 1928 1950 1956 1954 1955 1947 1958

2 1

1

5 3 4

Last Year 1956 Lefty Gomez Red Ruffing Waite Hoyt Red Faber Eppa Rixey Burleigh Grimes Johnny Vandermeer Stan Coveleski Bucky Walters Bob Feller Allie Reynolds Hal Newhouser Mel Harder Bob Lemon

1939 1942 1945

1914 1935 1941 1943 1947 1920 1926 1925

Last Year 1948 1949

Lefty Gomez Ted Lyons Red Ruffing Waite Hoyt Red Faber Dickie Kerr

1938

2 1 3 4 5 6

4 3

4

4V

3 1

2 1

2 2 1B

5 2

1958

1960

1962

2 1 5 4 9 3 6 7V-1969 8

5 3 7 4 1 2 6

6V-1972 2 7V-1969 5V-1964 3V-1963 4V-1964

B—Baseball Writers’ Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in voting

4

5 3

1964 1

5 3

2B 5V1971 3 1B 4 6 7 8

3 1 4

1964 1967 RO 1966 1967 RO 1

1

1

1B

2T

2

2

2

4T

4

4

4T 6 2T 7

3

3 5 6 7

1B 5

176

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position Last Year 1968 1969

Johnny Vandermeer Bucky Walters Allie Reynolds Hal Newhouser Bob Lemon Early Wynn Sandy Koufax Warren Spahn Whitey Ford Robin Roberts Johnny Sain Don Drysdale Don Larsen Vic Raschi

2 3T 1 3T 5 1963 1966 1965 1967 1966 1955 1969 1967 1955

1971 1967 1960 1972 1975 1975 1969 1979 1979

3

1 4 5 2T

2 4 5 1

2 4 5 1

4 5 3 2B 1B

5 6 4 1B 2 3 7

1974

1975

1976

3V-1992 2

2B

4 3

1B 2 5

1 4 5

1B 3 4

6

1 5 2 3 4

1 2 4 5 3

Last Year 1986 1987 Bunning Burdette Face Hunter Lolich Luis Tiant Sparky Lyle Gaylord Perry Ferguson Jenkins Jim Kaat Jim Palmer Rollie Fingers Tom Seaver Phil Niekro Steve Carlton

1971 1972 1973

3

Last Year 1977 1978 Drysdale Larsen Jim Bunning Lew Burdette Don Newcombe Hoyt Wilhelm Bob Gibson Juan Marichal Roy Face Jim Hunter Mickey Lolich

1970

2T

2 3 5 1 4

2 3 5 1B 4

1982 1982 1983 1983 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988

B—Baseball Writers’ Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in voting

1979 1 4T 3 4T 6 2

1988 1

3 2 4

1980 1981 1982

1983

1984

1985

1

2

3

3

1B

3 4 5 2

5 6

4 5

4 5

3 4

2 4

3 1B 4

2

2

2

1B

1

1B 5

6 3 5

1993

1994

1989 1990 1991 2

4

7

6

4

6 5 1 3 4

2 3 5 1B

1B 2B 5 3

1992

V-1996

5 4

4 3

3

2

5

1

2 1B

2B 1B

177

Pitchers Last Year 1986 1987 Don Sutton Bruce Sutter

1989 1990 1991

1992

1993

1994 3 4

Last Year 1995 1996 Tiant Kaat Niekro Sutton Sutter Tommy John Bert Blyleven Nolan Ryan Rich Gossage Jack Morris Lee Smith

1988

1988 1988

1989 1992 1993 1994 1994 1997

4 1 2 3 5

Last Year Dennis Eckersley Sutter Gossage Smith Blyleven Morris John Orel Hershiser

1998

6 5 1 2 3 4

1997

1998 1999 2000

6 4 1B 2 3 5

6 3T 1B 2 3T 5

2001

2002

2003

6 3

7 4

7 4

7 5

5

2 4 5 1B

1 3 6

1 3 5

1 3 4

1 6 4

2 5

2 6

2 6

3 7 2

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

1B 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 4 3 5 6

1B 2 4 3 5 6 7

1 3 2 4 5

1B 3 2 4 5

2 1 3 4

2000

B—Baseball Writers’ Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in voting

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953

5 5 7 8 10 9 12 9 5 5 4 5 5 5

4 2 2 1 2 2 5 5 4 4 3 3 3 3

1 3 5 7 8 7 7 2 1 1 1 2 2 2

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 5 7 10 12 14 15 17 20 22 23 23 23 23 23

Non–Hall of Famers

Babe Adams, Joe Wood

178

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

4 8 6 9 7 7 7 5 7 5 5 5 5 5 7 5 6 4 5 5 6 5 6 5 5 5 6 5 5 4 7 6 5 5 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 6 7 5 5 4

3 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 3 4 3 3 3 1 2 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 1 1 0 2 3 3 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0

1 4 5 6 5 5 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 23 26 28 31 31 32 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 38 42 42 44 45 48 49 49 49 51 51 51 52 54 54 54 56 59 60 61 62 63 66 67 67 67 68 69 71 71 71 72 73 73 74 74 74 74

Non–Hall of Famers Dickie Kerr Johnny Vander Meer, Bucky Walters Mel Harder, Allie Reynolds

Johnny Sain Vic Raschi Don Larsen Don Newcombe, Lew Burdette

Roy Face Mickey Lolich Luis Tiant, Sparky Lyle Jim Kaat

Tommy John Bert Blyleven Jack Morris Lee Smith Orel Hershiser

179

Catchers

Conclusions (Pitchers) Every pitcher who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1946 was eventually selected to the Hall of Fame. Every pitcher who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1956 with the exception of three (Babe Adams, Joe Wood and Dickie Kerr) was eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Of 74 individuals who received 10 percent of the vote in at least one election through 2009, 51 are in the Hall of Fame (35 elected by the Baseball Writers Association and 16 by the Veterans Committee). Three pitchers are still under consideration by the BWA: Lee Smith (2009; seventh year of eligibility), Bert Blyleven (2009; twelfth year of eligibility) and Jack Morris (2009; tenth year of eligibility). The remaining 20 pitchers are all eligible for future consideration by the Veterans Committee.

Catchers Years Played Highest %-age Name First–Last %-age Range Johnny Bench 1967–1983 96.4% Yogi Berra 1946–1965 85.6% 67.2%–85.6% Bill Dickey 1928–1946 80.2% 6.9%–80.2% Carlton Fisk 1969–1993 79.6% 66.4%–79.6% Mickey Cochrane 1925–1937 79.5% 10.2%–79.5% Roy Campanella 1948–1957 79.4% (55.6%)–79.4% Gary Carter 1974–1992 78.0% 33.8%–78.0% Gabby Hartnett 1922–1941 77.7% 0.8%–77.7% Roger Bresnahan 1897–1915 53.8% 20.8%–53.8% Ray Schalk 1912–1929 45.0% 1.8%–45.0% Al Lopez 1928–1947 39.0% 0.5%–39.0% Wilbert Robinson 1886–1902 38.2% 2.5%–38.2% Hank Gowdy 1910–1930 35.9% 0.6%–35.9% Joe Torre 1960–1977 22.2% 5.3%–22.2% Elston Howard 1955–1968 20.7% 5.2%–20.7% Ernie Lombardi 1931–1947 16.4% 1.3%–16.4% Thurman Munson 1969–1979 15.5% 4.8%–15.5% Walker Cooper 1940–1957 14.4% 1.5%–14.4% Johnny Kling 1900–1913 10.0% 0.4%–10.0% Jimmie Wilson 1923–1940 8.8% 0.9%–8.8% Muddy Ruel 1915–1934 8.3% 0.4%–8.3% Lou Criger 1896–1912 8.0% 0.7%–8.0% Bob Boone 1972–1990 7.7% 4.2%–7.7% Steve O’Neill 1911–1928 4.9% 0.6%–4.9% Wally Schang 1913–1931 4.1% 0.5%–4.1% Del Crandall 1949–1966 3.9% 1.6%–3.9% Tim McCarver 1959–1980 3.8% *Elected as a Manager

Number of Elections* 1 2 9(2) 2 6(1) 5(2) 6 11(1) 6 16(1) 10(2) 5 17 15 15 9(2) 15 10 9 13 10 5 5 6 5 4 1

HOF BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA VC VC VC VC

VC

Year Years Elected Played 1989 17 1972 19 1954 17 2000 24 1947 13 1969 10 2003 19 1955 20 1945 17 1955 18 1977* 19 1945* 17 17 18 14 1986 17 11 18 13 18 19 16 19 17 19 16 21

180

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Years Played Highest Name First–Last %-age Ted Simmons 1968–1988 3.7% Jimmy Archer 1904–1918 3.0% Birdie Tebbetts 1936–1952 3.0% Bill Carrigan 1906–1916 2.5% Bob O’Farrell 1915–1935 2.4% Moe Berg 1923–1939 1.9% Jim Hegan 1941–1960 1.7% Lance Parrish 1977-1995 1.7% Branch Rickey 1905–1914 1.3% Luke Sewell 1921–1942 1.1% Mike Gonzalez 1912–1932 1.1% Charlie Berry 1925–1938 1.1% Marty Bergen 1896–1899 1.0% Ossee Schreck 1897–1908 1.0% Wes Westrum 1947–1957 1.0% Spud Davis 1928–1945 0.8% Hank Severeid 1911–1926 0.8% Earl Smith 1919–1930 0.8% Cy Perkins 1915–1934 0.8% Del Rice 1945–1961 0.7% Buck Ewing 1880–1897 0.7% Bubbles Hargrave 1913–1930 0.6% Red Dooin 1902–1916 0.5% Larry McLean 1901–1915 0.5% Otto Miller 1910–1922 0.5% Pat Moran 1901–1914 0.5% Gabby Street 1904–1931 0.5% Billy Sullivan, Sr. 1899–1916 0.5% Bill Killefer 1909–1921 0.5% Rick Ferrell 1929–1947 0.5% Smokey Burgess 1949–1967 0.5% Bill Freehan 1961–1976 0.5% Manny Sanguillen 1967–1980 0.5% Steve Yeager 1972–1986 0.5% Ira Thomas 1906–1915 0.4% Chief Zimmer 1884–1903 0.4% Heine Peitz 1892–1913 0.4% Harry Danning 1933–1942 0.4% Gus Mancuso 1928–1945 0.4% Clyde Sukeforth 1926–1945 0.4% Tony Pena 1980–1997 0.4% Clint Courtney 1951–1961 0.3% Terry Kennedy 1978–1991 0.2% Rick Dempsey 1969–1992 0.2% Gene Tenace 1969–1983 0.2% Jim Sundberg 1974–1989 0.2% Darren Daulton 1983–1997 0.2% Terry Steinbach 1986–1999 0.2% *Elected as a Manager †Elected as an Executive

%-age Range 1.1%–3.0% 0.4%–3.0% 0.7%–2.5% 1.1%–2.4% 1.1%–1.9% 0.7%–1.7% 0.8%–1.3% 0.6%–1.1% 0.4%–1.1% 0.4%–1.1% 0.4%–1.0% 0.7%–1.0% 0.7%–0.8% 0.5%–0.8%

0.4%–0.6% 0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.5%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.3%–0.5%

0.4%–0.4%

Number of Elections* 1 3 2 4 3 2 2 1 2 3 5 2 3 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 1 4 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Year Years HOF Elected Played 21 12 14 10 21 15 17 19 VC 1967† 4 20 17 11 4 11 11 16 15 12 17 17 VC 1939 18 12 15 13 13 14 8 16 13 VC 1984 18 18 15 13 15 10 19 16 10 17 10 18 11 14 24 15 16 14 14

181

Catchers (Includes all those receiving 5% or more of the vote or the top two.) 1936

1937

Mickey Cochrane 35.4% Roger Bresnahan 20.8%

1939 Bresnahan Robinson Schalk Cochrane Kling

Bresnahan Ray Schalk Johnny Kling Lou Criger

1938 21.4% 11.9% 10.0% 8.0%

Bresnahan Schalk Kling Wilbert Robinson

1942

24.5% 16.8% 12.8% 10.2% 5.1%

Robinson Cochrane Bresnahan Schalk Kling

25.6% 17.2% 9.9% 6.5%

1945

38.2% 37.8% 24.5% 22.7% 6.4%

Bresnahan Cochrane Robinson Schalk Bill Dickey

53.8% VC 50.6% 32.8% VC Mgr 13.4% 6.9%

1946

1946 Run Off

1947

Cochrane 39.6% Dickey 19.8% Schalk 17.8% Kling 9.9%

Cochrane 24.7% Dickey 12.1% Schalk 0 Kling 0

Cochrane 79.5% BWA Schalk 31.1%

1948 Dickey Gabby Hartnett Schalk Jimmie Wilson

1949 32.2% 27.3% 18.2% 6.6%

Dickey Hartnett Schalk Hank Gowdy

1950 Dickey 46.7% Hartnett 32.3% Schalk 9.6%

1951 Dickey Hartnett Schalk Gowdy

1953 Dickey Hartnett Schalk Gowdy

67.8% 39.4% 22.0% 19.7%

1949 Run Off 42.5% 22.9% 15.7% 6.5%

1952

52.2% 25.2% 16.4% 11.5%

1954 Dickey Hartnett Schalk Gowdy

Dickey 20.9% Hartnett 3.7% Schalk 9.1% Gowdy 0

Dickey Hartnett Schalk Gowdy

59.4% 32.9% 18.8% 14.5%

1955

80.2% BWA 59.9% 21.4% 20.2%

Hartnett 77.7% BWA Schalk 45.0% VC Gowdy 35.9% Wilson 5.2%

1956

1958

1960

Gowdy 25.4% Wilson 8.8% Muddy Ruel 8.3%

Gowdy 16.9% Al Lopez 12.6%

Gowdy 14.1% Lopez 9.7%

1962 Lopez 6.9% Ernie Lombardi 3.1%

1966 Campanella 65.2% Lopez 36.1% Lombardi 11.3%

1964

1964 Run Off

Roy Campanella 57.2% Lopez 28.4% Lombardi 16.4%

Campanella 61.1% Lopez 15.0% Lombardi 4.0%

1967

1967 Run Off

Campanella 69.9% Lopez 39.0% Lombardi 14.7%

Campanella 55.6% Lopez 16.3% VC-1977 Mgr Lombardi 8.2% VC-1986

182

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1968

Campanella Walker Cooper

1969 72.4% 2.8%

1970

Campanella 79.4% BWA Cooper 1.5%

Cooper

3.0%

1971

1972

1973

Yogi Berra 67.2% Cooper 1.9%

Yogi Berra 85.6% BWA Cooper 2.0%

Cooper 2.1% Smokey Burgess 0.3%

1974

1975

Elston Howard 5.2% Cooper 2.5%

Howard Cooper

1977 Cooper Howard

Howard Del Crandall

Howard Thurman Munson

1983

Howard Torre Munson

14.1% 12.0% 8.2%

Torre Howard Munson

Howard Torre Munson

Torre Munson

10.9% 6.5%

Torre Boone

9.6% 6.3%

13.7% 11.1% 8.1%

1988

11.4% 10.7% 6.8%

Torre Howard Munson

12.4% 7.4%

14.1% 12.4% 7.5%

1991 Torre Munson

1993 14.4% 7.4%

1995 Torre Munson

Howard Munson

1985

11.2% 11.2% 7.2%

Torre Munson

1992

6.9% 2.1%

1982 20.7% 15.5%

1990

Johnny Bench 96.4% BWA Torre 8.9% Munson 6.9%

14.4% 14.2%

1979

1987

1989

Torre Munson

Howard Crandall

1984 8.6% 5.3%

1986 Torre Howard Munson

10.8% 1.6%

1981

7.5%

Howard Joe Torre

Cooper Howard

1978

11.7% 11.2%

1980 Howard

1976 6.4% 3.6%

9.3% 6.3%

1994 14.9% 9.5%

Torre Munson

10.6% 7.7%

Torre Boone

1996

11.6% 6.8%

1997

1998

1999

Gary Carter 42.3% Boone 5.5%

Carlton Fisk 66.4% Carter 33.8% Boone 5.4%

22.2% 5.9%

2000 Fisk Carter

79.6% BWA 49.7%

183

Catchers 2001

2002

Carter 64.9% Lance Parrish 1.7%

Carter 72.7%

Carter 78.0% BWA Tony Pena 0.4%

2003

2004

2005

2006

No catchers received votes

Terry Steinbach 0.2%

No catchers received votes

2007

2008

2009

No catchers received votes

No catchers received votes

No catchers received votes

Analysis of Voting for Catchers In the balloting of the late ’30s to the middle ’40s, Cochrane, Bresnahan, Schalk and Robinson vied for voter recognition. At that time, the rules were fuzzy. Cochrane led the voting at his position in 1936, while he was still active. Robinson’s votes were undoubtedly for his managerial prowess. Bresnahan led the vote-getting among catchers for four of six years until his induction in 1945. Bill Dickey and Gabby Hartnett finished one-two in the voting for seven consecutive years until their election in 1954 and 1955, respectively. Ray Schalk, after finishing second, third or fourth for fourteen years, was similarly rewarded by the Veteran’s Committee in 1955. Hank Gowdy became the favorite for the next three elections but his support was minimal (14.1 percent to 25.4 percent). Roy Campanella led for five consecutive elections receiving 79.4 percent in 1969. His competitors Al Lopez and Ernie Lombardi were both later tapped by the Veteran’s Committee, Lopez as a manager. Lombardi’s support in the BWA elections was never very strong. His best year netted 16.4 percent of the vote. In 1972, Yogi Berra was elected in his second year on the ballot. The quartet of Walker Cooper, Elston Howard, Thurman Munson and Joe Torre from 1976 through 1997 only on two occasions got over 20 percent of the vote (Howard 20.7 percent in 1981 and Torre 22.2 percent in 1997). Torre’s eligibility ran out in 1997. The only carryover to 1998 was Bob Boone who garnered 5.5 percent of the vote, barely enough to stay on the ballot. Rick Ferrell was never a factor in Baseball Writers’ Association balloting but was selected by the Veteran’s Committee in 1984. In 1989, Johnny Bench became the only catcher to be elected in his first year on the ballot. Carlton Fisk was elected in 2000, his second year, and Gary Carter, after being overshadowed by Fisk, received recognition in 2003. Since that time catchers have rarely appeared on the Hall of Fame ballot.

184

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Gary Carter made an excellent showing in his first year of eligibility (1998) getting 42.3 percent of the votes. However, Carlton Fisk moved ahead of Carter on the 1999 ballot and was elected in 2000. Meanwhile, Carter increased his position with 72.7 percent of the votes in 2002 and in 2003 met the Hall of Fame standard with 78.0 percent of the votes. No Catcher received a vote in the 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2008 elections and Terry Steinbach garnered but one vote in 2005. Buck Ewing, who tied for the top spot in the Veterans Election of 1936 with 51.3 percent of the vote, was elected in 1939 by a triumvirate composed of Commissioner Landis and League Presidents Frick and Harridge. Rank in Voting by Years (10% or more of votes)

Mickey Cochrane Roger Bresnahan Ray Schalk Johnny Kling Wilbert Robinson Bill Dickey

Last Year 1937 1915 1929 1913 1902 1946

1936 1937 1 2 1 2 3

Last Year 1948 1949 Schalk Dickey Gabby Hartnett Hank Gowdy

Gowdy Al Lopez Roy Campanella Ernie Lombardi

1941 1930

3 1 2

3 1 2

1 2

1949 RO 1

Last Year 1956 1958

1960

1

1

1947 1957 1947

1 2

Last Year 1968 1969 Lopez Campanella Lombardi Yogi Berra Walker Cooper Elston Howard

1938

1

1939 4 1 3

1942 2 3 4

1945 2 1V 4

2

1

3V-Mgr

1946 RO 1

3

1947 1B 2

2

2

1950 1951 1952

1953

1954

1955

3 1 2 4

3 1 2 4

4 1 2 3

3 1B 2 4

2V

1964 RO

1966

1967

2 1 3

2 1 3

1 2

1962 1964 2 1 3

1970

1946 1

2 1

1971 1972 1973

1974

1B 3

1967 RO 2 1

1975 1976

1B

1965 1957 1968

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in voting

1

1B 1 2

185

Catchers Last Year 1977 1978 Lopez V-Mgr. Lombardi Cooper 1 Howard 2 Thurman Munson 1979 Joe Torre 1977

Lombardi Howard Torre Johnny Bench

Torre Gary Carter Carlton Fisk

1979

1980 1981 1982

1

1983

1 2

1984

1985

1T 1T

1 2

Last Year 1986 1987

1988

V 2 1

2 1

2 1

1983

1989 1990 1991

1992

1993

1994

1

1

1

1

1998 1999 2000

2001

2002

2003

1

1

1B

1B

Last Year 1995 1996

1997

1

1

1

1992 1993

1

2 1

2 1B

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in voting

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958

2 3 2 4 4 4 3 2 3 3 2 4 4 4 4 3 1 2

1 0 0 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 0 0

1 2 2 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 2 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 9

Non–Hall of Famers Johnny Kling

Hank Gowdy

186

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals)

1960 1962 1964 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976

1 0 3 3 3 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 2

0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 9 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 14

1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

2 1 0 0 2 0 0 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

14 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19

Non–Hall of Famers

Walker Cooper, Elston Howard

Thurman Munson Joe Torre

187

First Basemen

Conclusions (Catchers) From 1936 through 1975, twelve catchers received 10 percent of the vote. Of that number, ten were eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Through 2009, nineteen catchers have received 10 percent of the vote. Of that number, thirteen have been elected to the Hall of Fame. With the exception of Hank Gowdy, every catcher who has received 25 percent of the vote is in the Hall of Fame. The six non–Hall of Fame catchers are all eligible for consideration by the Veteran’s Committee.

First Basemen Years Played Name First–Last Lou Gehrig 1923–1939 George Sisler 1915–1930 Eddie Murray 1977–1997 Hank Greenberg 1930–1947 Harmon Killebrew 1954–1975 Willie McCovey 1959–1980 Jimmy Foxx 1925–1945 Bill Terry 1923–1936 Tony Perez 1964–1986 Orlando Cepeda 1958–1974 Frank Chance 1898–1914 Gil Hodges 1943–1963 Johnny Mize 1936–1953 Steve Garvey 1969–1987 Phil Cavaretta 1934–1955 Jim Bottomley 1922–1937 Don Mattingly 1982–1995 Mickey Vernon 1939–1960 Mark McGwire 1986–2001 Dick Allen 1963–1977 Ted Kluszewski 1947–1961 Keith Hernandez 1974–1990 Charlie Grimm 1916–1936 Hal Chase 1905–1919 Joe Judge 1915–1934 Stuffy McInnis 1909–1927 Rudy York 1934–1948 Will Clark 1986–2000 Mark Grace 1988–2003 Fred Tenney 1894–1911 Frank McCormick 1934–1948 Bill Buckner 1969–1990 George Kelly 1915–1932 Bill White 1956–1969

Highest %-age Number of %-age Range Elections* 100.0% 22.6%–100% 2 85.8% 34.1%–85.8% 4 85.3% 1 85.0% 1.2%–85.0% 9(1) 83.1% 59.3%–83.1% 4 81.4% 1 79.2% 9.3%–79.2% 8 77.4% 2.7%–77.4% 14(1) 77.2% 50.1%–77.2% 9 73.6% 10.1%–73.6% 15 72.5% 2.2%–72.5% 7(1) 63.4% 24.1%–63.4% 15 43.6% (4.6%)–43.6% 12(1) 42.6% 20.5%–42.6% 15 35.6% 0.4%–35.6% 12(2) 33.1% 2.7%–33.1% 12 28.2% 9.9%–28.2% 9 24.9% (0.7%)–24.9% 15(1) 23.6% 21.9%–23.6% 3 18.9% 3.7%–18.9% 14 14.4% 2.5%–14.4% 15 10.8% 4.3%–10.8% 9 9.8% 0.4%–9.8% 12 9.0% 4.9%–9.0% 2 5.6% 0.5%–5.6% 7 5.2% 0.5%–5.2% 7 5.0% 0.6%–5.0% 2 4.4% 1 4.1% 1 3.1% 0.4%–3.1% 5 3.0% 0.6%–3.0% 4 2.1% 1.9% 0.6%–1.9% 7 1.9% 1.0%–1.9% 3

*Number of elections in which votes were received ( ) indicates run off election.

HOF BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA VC VC

Year Elected 1939 1939 2003 1956 1984 1986 1951 1954 2000 1999 1946

VC

1981

VC

1974

1 VC

1973

Years Played 17 15 21 13 22 22 20 14 23 17 17 18 15 19 22 16 14 20 16 15 15 17 20 15 20 19 13 15 16 17 13 22 16 13

188

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Name Norm Cash Dolph Camilli Pedro Guerrero Whitey Lockman Boog Powell Lew Fonseca Roy Sievers Mo Vaughn Kent Hrbek Jake Daubert Harry Davis Del Ennis Hal Morris Ron Fairly Vic Power Earl Torgeson Bob Watson Lee May Gus Suhr Andre Thornton Joe Kuhel Jake Stahl Jake Beckley Buck Jordan Lu Blue Wally Pipp Gregg Jefferies Walt Dropo George Scott Mike Hargrove Mike Jorgensen John Kruk Cecil Fielder Cap Anson Dan Brouthers Roger Connor

Years Played First–Last 1958–1974 1933–1945 1978–1992 1945–1960 1961–1977 1921–1933 1949–1965 1991–2003 1981–1994 1910–1924 1895–1917 1946–1959 1988–2000 1958–1978 1954–1965 1947–1961 1966–1984 1965–1982 1930–1940 1973–1987 1930–1947 1903–1913 1881–1907 1927–1938 1921–1933 1913–1928 1987–2000 1949–1961 1966–1979 1974–1985 1968–1985 1986–1995 1985–1998 1876–1897 1879–1904 1880–1897

Highest %-age 1.6% 1.5% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

%-age Range 0.5%–1.5%

0.8%–1.2% 0.8%–1.1% 0.4%–1.0% 0.4%–1.0% 0.7%–1.0% 0.6%–0.8%

0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.4%

Number of Elections* 1 4 1 1 1 5 2 1 1 5 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Year HOF Elected

VC

1971

VC VC VC

1939 1945 1976

Years Played 17 12 15 15 17 12 17 12 14 15 22 14 13 21 12 15 19 18 11 14 18 9 20 10 13 15 14 13 14 12 17 10 13 22 19 18

*Number of elections in which votes were received ( ) indicates run off election.

(Includes all those receiving 5% or more of the votes) 1936

1937

1938

George Sisler 34.1% Lou Gehrig 22.6% Jimmy Foxx 9.3%

Sisler 52.7% Frank Chance 24.4% Hal Chase 9.0%

Sisler 63.3% Chance 50.8%

1939 Gehrig 100% BWA* Sisler 85.8% BWA

Chance 57.7% Bill Terry 5.8%

*Elected by acclamation of Baseball Writers’ Association.

1942

1945

Chance 58.4% Terry 15.5%

Chance 72.5% Terry 13.0%

189

First Basemen 1946

1946 Run Off

1947

Chance 71.3% Terry 15.3% Foxx 12.9%

Chance 57.0% VC Terry 0 Foxx 0

Terry 28.6% Foxx 6.2%

1948

1949

Terry 43.0% Foxx 41.3% Charlie Grimm 5.0%

Foxx Terry Greenberg Grimm Jim Bottomley Stuffy McInnis

1950 Terry 62.9% Foxx 61.7% Greenberg 38.3% Grimm 7.8%

1949 Run Off 55.6% 52.9% 43.8% 6.5% 5.2% 5.2%

1951 Foxx 79.2% BWA Terry 65.5% Greenberg 29.6%

Foxx Terry Greenberg Grimm Bottomley McInnis

47.6% 25.7% 23.5% 0 0 0

1952 Terry 66.2% Greenberg 32.1%

1953

1954

1955

Terry 72.3% Greenberg 30.3%

Terry 77.4% BWA Greenberg 38.5% Bottomley 6.3%

Greenberg 62.5% Bottomley 10.4%

1956 Greenberg 85.0% BWA Bottomley 21.8%

1962 Bottomley 12.5% VC-1974 Mize 8.8%

1966 Mize 26.8% Mickey Vernon 6.6%

1958 Bottomley 21.4% Grimm 9.8%

1964 Mize 26.9% Phil Cavaretta 10.9% Rudy York 5.0%

1960 Bottomley 33.1% Johnny Mize 16.7% Joe Judge 5.6%

1964 Run Off Mize 5.3% Cavaretta 0.4% York 0

1967

1967 Run Off

Mize 30.5% Cavaretta 5.1%

Mize 4.6% Cavaretta 1.3%

1968

1969

1970

Mize 36.4% Cavaretta 8.1% Vernon 7.8%

Mize 34.1% Gil Hodges 24.1% Cavaretta 10.9% Vernon 6.2%

Hodges 48.3% Mize 42.0% Cavaretta 17.0%

190

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1971

1972

Hodges 50.0% Mize 43.6% Cavaretta 23.1%

Hodges 40.7% Mize 39.6% Cavaretta 15.4%

1974 Hodges Cavaretta Ted Kluszewski Vernon

1975 54.2% 16.7% 7.7% 7.4%

Hodges Vernon Kluszewski

1980 Hodges Vernon Kluszewski Orlando Cepeda

Willie McCovey 81.4% BWA Cepeda 35.8% Allen 9.6%

1989

Killebrew 59.3% Hodges 49.4% Cepeda 10.1%

1985

Cepeda 43.3% Allen 13.3%

Cepeda 46.6% Allen 12.2%

1990

57.2% 50.0% 16.0%

Cepeda Perez Steve Garvey Allen

1991

47.5% 13.1%

1993

56.3% 42.6% 15.7%

28.9% 7.1%

1988

Cepeda Allen

1995

Cepeda Dick Allen

1987

39.4% 7.8%

1992

56.0% 20.4% 13.4%

1982 60.1% 59.6% 19.2% 14.0%

83.1% BWA 30.8%

1986

Perez Garvey Allen

Hodges Vernon Kluszewski

1984 Killebrew Cepeda

60.1% 13.4% 12.9%

1979 59.6% 17.4% 13.5%

Hodges Harmon Killebrew Cepeda Kluszewski

71.9% 63.4% 15.8%

Cepeda Tony Perez Allen

Hodges Vernon Kluszewski

1981 59.7% 24.9% 13.0% 12.5%

1983

Cepeda Allen

51.9% 35.6% 9.1% 6.1%

1978

58.5% 14.4% 13.6%

Killebrew Hodges Cepeda

1976

Hodges Cavaretta Kluszewski Vernon

1977 Hodges Kluszewski Vernon

1973 Hodges 57.4% Mize 41.3% VC-1981 Cavaretta 19.2% Vernon 6.1%

43.3% 13.3%

1994 59.6% 55.1% 41.6% 16.5%

1996 Perez Garvey Allen Keith Hernandez

Cepeda Allen

Cepeda Perez Garvey Allen

73.6% 57.8% 36.5% 14.5%

1997 65.7% 37.2% 18.9% 5.1%

Perez Garvey Allen Hernandez

66.0% 35.3% 16.7% 9.5%

191

First Basemen 1998

1999

Perez 67.9% Garvey 41.2% Hernandez 10.8%

Perez 60.8% Garvey 30.2% Hernandez 6.8%

2000

2001

2002

Garvey 34.2% Don Mattingly 28.2% Hernandez 8.0%

Garvey 28.4% Mattingly 20.3% Hernandez 6.1%

2004 Garvey Mattingly

2003 Eddie Murray 85.3% BWA Garvey 27.8% Mattingly 13.7% Hernandez 6.0%

2005

24.3% 12.8%

2007 Mark McGwire Garvey Mattingly

Perez 77.2% BWA Garvey 32.1% Hernandez 10.4%

Garvey Mattingly

2006 20.5% 11.4%

2008 23.5% 21.1% 9.9%

McGwire Mattingly

Garvey Mattingly

26.0% 12.3%

2009 23.6% 15.8%

McGwire Mattingly

21.9% 11.9%

Analysis of Voting for First Basemen The top vote-getters from 1936 through 1956 were all elected to the Hall of Fame; five by the Baseball Writers and one by the Veterans Committee. Then in sequence Jim Bottomley, Johnny Mize, Phil Cavaretta, Mickey Vernon, Ted Kluszewski, Gil Hodges and Orlando Cepeda ran out the string on the BWA ballot. Hodges led the voting in 12 of his 15 years and Cepeda, who achieved 73.6 percent in his last year, was recognized by the Veterans Committee in 1999. Bottomley in 1974 and Mize in 1981 broke the drought but the prospects for Cavaretta and Vernon appear less optimistic with the Veteran’s Committee. Harmon Killebrew was then elected in 1984, his fourth year on the ballot. Willie McCovey was elected two years later in his first appearance on the ballot. Since Orlando Cepeda completed his eligibility in 1994, Tony Perez, Steve Garvey and Dick Allen have finished one, two, three in 1995, 1996 and 1997. Allen completed his 15 years on the Writers’ ballot and must now be considered by the Veteran’s Committee. Perez, in his ninth year on the ballot was elected in 2000. He was the leading vote-getter among first basemen for six consecutive years. In 2001 and 2002, Garvey, Mattingly and Hernandez finished one, two, three but with minimal support. In 2003 Eddie Murray made an auspicious debut by gaining election in his first year. After the 2004 election only Gar-

192

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

vey and Mattingly remained on the ballot. In 2007 Garvey completed his 15 years and was replaced by Mark McGwire. The 2008 election saw only McGwire and Mattingly receiving votes. The same duo received enough support in 2009 to remain on the 2010 ballot. Rank in Voting by Years (10% or more of the votes) Last Year 1936 1937 George Sisler Lou Gehrig Frank Chance Bill Terry Jimmy Foxx

1930 1939 1914 1936 1945

Terry Foxx Hank Greenberg Jim Bottomley

1 2

1

1

2

2

1949 RO

1 2

2 1 3

2 1 3

1947 1937

1B 2

1

1 2

Last Year 1968 1969 Mize Cavaretta Gil Hodges Mickey Vernon Ted Kluszewski

1 1963 1960 1961

Hodges Vernon Kluszewski Orlando Cepeda 1974 Harmon Killebrew 1975 Last Year Cepeda

1986 2

1 3 2

1987 1

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in Voting

1 2 3

1988 1

2 1B 3

1962 1964

1 2 3

1946 RO 1947

1V 1

1953

1954 1955

1

1

1B

2

2

2

1964 RO

1966

1967

1

1

1971 1972 1973 2 3 1

1979

1 2 3

1950 1951 1952

1 2

2 3 1

Last Year 1977 1978

1 2

1946

1 2

1967 RO

1V–1974

1970

1 3 2

1 2

1 2 3

1960

1953 1955

1939 1942 1945 2B 1B 3

Last Year 1948 1949

Last Year 1956 1958 Greenberg Bottomley Johnny Mize Phil Cavaretta

1938

2 3 1

1980 1981 1982 1 2 3 4

1989 1

1974

2(V–1981) 3 2 1 1

2

2

4 3 2

3 1

3 1

1990 1

2 1

1983

1

1991 1992 1 1

1975 1976

1 2 3

1984 1985

2 1B

1

1993 1994 1 1(V–1999)

193

First Basemen Last Year 1986 1987 Willie McCovey Dick Allen Tony Perez Steve Garvey

Allen Perez Garvey Keith Hernandez Don Mattingly Eddie Murray

1988

1989 1990 1991

1992

2

2

3 2

Last Year 1995 1996

1997

1998 1999 2000

3 1 2

3 1 2

1980 1977 1986 1987

2

3 1 2

1 2 3

1990 1995 1997

Last Year Garvey Mattingly Mark McGwire

1993 1994

1B

1 2

2

1B 2 3

4 2 3

2001

4 2 3

2002 2003

1

1

2

2

2

3 1B

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

1 2

1 2

1 2

2 3 1

2 1

2 1

2001

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee T—Tie in Voting

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1967

2 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1

2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 2 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9

Non–Hall of Famers

Phil Cavaretta

194

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals)

1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976

1 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 12

1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1882 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

3 3 3 4 4 3 3 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 3 2 2

0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

12 12 12 13 14 14 14 14 14 15 16 16 16 16 16 17 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 22

Non–Hall of Famers Gil Hodges

Ted Kluszewski, Mickey Vernon

Dick Allen

Steve Garvey

Keith Hernandez Don Mattingly

Mark McGwire

Conclusions (First Basemen) Every first baseman who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1962 was eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Every first baseman who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936

195

Second Basemen

through 1975 with the exception of Phil Cavaretta and Gil Hodges was eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Of the twenty-two individuals who received 10 percent of the vote in at least one election through 2009, thirteen are in the Hall of Fame (9 elected by the Baseball Writer’s Association and 4 by the Veterans’ Committee). Two first basemen are still under consideration by the Baseball Writer’s Association: Mark McGwire (2009; third year of eligibility) and Don Mattingly (2009; ninth year of eligibility). The remaining seven are eligible for consideration by the Veterans’ Committee.

Second Basemen Name

Years Played Highest First–Last %-age

Rod Carew Charlie Gehringer Frankie Frisch Nap Lajoie Joe Morgan Rogers Hornsby Eddie Collins Jackie Robinson Ryne Sandberg Nelson Fox Johnny Evers Miller Huggins Red Schoendienst Bill Mazeroski Tony Lazzeri Joe Gordon Bobby Doerr Billy Herman Bucky Harris Frank White Lou Whitaker Bobby Grich Bobby Richardson Bill Wambsganns Max Bishop Gil McDougald Larry Doyle Tony Cuccinello Frankie Gustine Eddie Stanky Willie Randolph Hughie Critz

1967–1985 1924–1942 1919–1937 1896–1916 1963–1984 1915–1937 1906–1930 1947–1956 1981–1997 1947–1965 1902–1929 1904–1916 1945–1963 1956–1972 1926 –1939 1938–1950 1937–1951 1931–1947 1919–1931 1973–1990 1977–1995 1970–1986 1955–1966 1914–1926 1924–1935 1951–1960 1907–1920 1930–1945 1939–1950 1943–1953 1975–1992 1924–1935

*Elected as a manager.

90.5% 85.0% 84.5% 83.6% 81.8% 78.1% 77.7% 77.5% 76.2% 74.7% 64.4% 63.9% 42.6% 42.3% 33.2% 28.5% 25.0% 20.2% 16.9% 3.8% 2.9% 2.6% 2.0% 2.0% 1.9% 1.7% 1.5% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0%

%-age Range 4.0%–85.0% 6.2%–84.5% 64.6%–83.6% 17.6%–78.1% 26.5%–77.7% 49.2%–76.2% 10.8%–74.7% 2.7%–64.4% 1.2%–63.9% 19.1%–42.6% 6.1%–42.3% 0.4%–33.2% 0.4%–28.5% 0.8%–25.0% 0.8%–20.2% 0.4%–16.9%

0.5%–2.0% 0.4%–2.0% 0.4%–1.9% 0.3%–1.7% 0.4%–1.5% 0.5%–1.1%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 1 5(2) 6(1) 2 1 5 4 1 3 15 7(1) 8(1) 15 15 14(1) 14 13(1) 8(1) 10 1 1 1 3 6 4 9 3 2 1 1 1 1

BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA VC VC VC VC VC VC VC VC VC VC

1991 1949 1947 1937 1990 1942 1939 1962 2005 1997 1946 1964* 1989 2001 1991 2008 1986 1975 1975*

19 19 19 21 22 23 25 10 16 19 18 13 19 17 14 11 14 15 12 18 19 17 12 13 12 10 14 15 12 11 18 12

196

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Name

Years Played Highest First–Last %-age

Marty McManus Davey Johnson Jerry Remy Buddy Myer Jewel Ens Dave Cash Eddie Miksis Burgess Whitehead Danny Murphy Otto Knabe Kid Gleason Davey Lopes Bill Cissell Buck Herzog Bobby Lowe Germany Schaefer Claude Ritchey Bill Sweeney Steve Yerkes Sparky Adams Phil Garner Pep Young Sibby Sisti George Grantham Steve Sax Billy Martin Tommy Helms Felix Millan Glenn Beckert Juan Samuel Chuck Knoblauch Bid McPhee

1920–1934 1965–1978 1975–1984 1925–1941 1922–1925 1969–1980 1944–1958 1933–1946 1900–1915 1905–1916 1888–1912 1972–1987 1928–1938 1908–1920 1890–1907 1901–1918 1897–1909 1907–1914 1909–1916 1922–1934 1973–1988 1933–1945 1939–1954 1922–1934 1981–1994 1950–1961 1964–1977 1966–1977 1965–1975 1983–1998 1991–2002 1882–1899

0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

%-age Range 0.7%–0.8%

0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5%

0.4%–0.4%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VC

2000

15 13 10 17 4 12 14 9 16 11 22 16 9 13 18 15 13 8 7 13 16 10 13 13 14 11 14 12 11 16 12 18

(Includes all those receiving 5% or more of the vote or top two 1936 Nap LaJoie Rogers Hornsby Eddie Collins Frankie Frisch

1937 64.6% 46.5% 26.5% 6.2%

La Joie Collins Hornsby Johnny Evers

1939 Collins Hornsby Evers Huggins Frisch

77.7% BWA 64.2% 39.1% 35.4% 9.5%

83.6% BWA 57.2% 26.4% 21.9%

1942 Hornsby Huggins Evers Frisch

78.1% BWA 47.6% 39.1% 36.1%

1938 Collins Evers Miller Huggins Hornsby

66.8% 34.7% 18.3% 17.6%

1945 Evers Huggins Frisch

54.3% 53.8% 40.9%

197

Second Basemen 1946 Evers Huggins Frisch Charlie Gehringer

64.4% 63.9% 51.5% 21.3%

1946 Run Off

1947

Evers 41.8% VC Huggins 40.3% VC Mgr 1954 Frisch 25.5% Gehringer 8.7%

Frisch 84.5% BWA Gehringer 65.2%

1948 Gehringer 43.0% Tony Lazzeri 17.4%

1949

1949 Run Off

Gehringer 66.7% Lazzeri 13.1% Bucky Harris 7.2%

Gehringer 85.0% BWA Lazzeri 3.2%

1950

1951

Lazzeri 12.6% Harris 2.4%

1952

Lazzeri 11.9% Harris 4.0%

Lazzeri 12.4% Harris 5.1%

1953

1954

1955

Lazzeri 10.6% Harris 8.0%

Lazzeri 11.9% Bill Wambsganns 1.6%

Lazzeri 26.3% Wambsganns 2.0%

1956 Lazzeri Bobby Doerr

1958 33.2% 2.6%

Lazzeri Harris Doerr

1960

30.1% 16.9% 9.4%

1962 Jackie Robinson 77.5% BWA Doerr 6.3% Lazzeri 5.0% VC 1991

Lazzeri Harris Doerr

21.9% 11.5% VC Mgr 1975 5.6%

1964

1964 Run Off

Joe Gordon 14.9% Billy Herman 12.9% Doerr 11.9%

Gordon 0.4% Herman 4.0% Doerr 2.2%

1966

1967

1967 Run Off

Gordon 10.3% Doerr 9.9% Herman 9.3%

Gordon 22.6% Herman 20.2% Doerr 12.2%

Gordon 4.2% Herman 4.6% VC 1978 Doerr 4.9%

1968 Gordon 27.2% Doerr 17.0%

1969

1971

Schoendienst 32.3% Gordon 26.3% VC 2008 Doerr 25.0%

1972

Schoendienst 34.2% Doerr 21.7% VC 1986 Nelson Fox 10.8%

1974 Schoendienst Fox

1970

Gordon 28.5% Red Schoendienst 19.1% Doerr 18.2%

Schoendienst 26.3% Fox 16.2%

1975 30.1% 21.6%

Schoendienst 26.0% Fox 21.0%

1973 Schoendienst 25.3% Fox 19.2%

1976 Fox Schoendienst

44.8% 33.2%

198

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1977

1978

Fox 39.7% Schoendienst 27.4%

Fox 39.3% Schoendienst 34.3% Bill Mazeroski 6.1%

1980

1979

1981

Schoendienst 42.6% Fox 41.8% Mazeroski 8.6%

1982

Fox Schoendienst Mazeroski

41.9% 41.4% 9.5%

1983

1984

Fox 46.3% Schoendienst 39.0% VC 1989 Mazeroski 12.8%

Fox 61.0% Mazeroski 18.4%

1986

1987

Mazeroski 23.5% Dave Cash 0.5%

Mazeroski

1989 Mazeroski 30.0%

1990

1992

Mazeroski 33.5%

Rod Carew 90.5% BWA Mazeroski 32.1%

1993

1994

Davey Lopes 0.5%

Phil Garner 0.4%

1995

1996 Frank White 3.8%

1998

1999

Willie Randolph 1.1%

No Players Received Votes

2001

1985 Fox 74.7% VC 1997 Mazeroski 22.0%

1991

No Players Received Votes

Lou Whitaker 2.9%

Schoendienst 32.5% Fox 30.6% Mazeroski 6.7%

1988 30.3%

Joe Morgan 81.8% BWA Mazeroski 29.5%

Mazeroski 42.3% VC 2001

Fox 40.3% Schoendienst 36.8% Mazeroski 8.3%

2002 No Players Received Votes

1997 No Players Received Votes

2000 Steve Sax 0.4%

2003 Ryne Sandberg 49.2%

2004

2005

2006

Sandberg 61.1% Juan Samuel 0.2%

Sandberg 76.2% BWA

No Players Received Votes

2007

2008

2009

No Players Received Votes

Chuck Knoblauch 0.2%

No Players Received Votes

199

Second Basemen

Analysis of Voting for Second Basemen Lajoie, Hornsby and Collins waged a three-man battle for supremacy among the first candidates. Then Evers, Huggins and Frisch finished one, two, three for three consecutive years before election. Tony Lazzeri led his position in voting for nine years with over 10 percent of the vote but was not recognized by the Veteran’s Committee until 1991. Jackie Robinson became the first second baseman to be elected in his first year on the ballot. Joe Morgan in 1990 and Rod Carew in 1991 are the only others to merit this distinction. The trio of Gordon, Herman and Doerr competed for several years with interesting results. While Gordon received a greater percentage of the votes than the other two, he was still not recognized by the Veteran’s Committee until 2008. The head-to-head battle between Red Schoendienst and Nelson Fox had them trading the top two positions six times in twelve years. Since their duel ended, the only consistent vote-getter has been Bill Mazeroski who led the balloting five years and was displaced twice in that streak by the eligibility of Morgan and then Carew. Since 1992, no second baseman had been able to get 10 percent of the vote until Ryne Sandberg accumulated 49.2 percent in the 2003 election, 61.1 percent in 2004 and was subsequently enshrined in 2005. No second baseman received votes in the 2006, 2007 and 2009 elections. In 2008 the only vote-getter was Chuck Knoblauch with 0.2 percent. The voting among second basemen has been very clear cut. All those who have obtained 20 percent or more are in the Hall of Fame, with Gordon (28.5 percent) finally gaining recognition in 2008. The next in line, Frank White, achieved only 3.8 percent of the vote in 1996 and was dropped from the ballot.

Rank in Voting by Years (10% or more of the votes) Last Year 1936 1937 Nap LaJoie Rogers Hornsby Eddie Collins Johnny Evers Miller Huggins

1916 1937 1930 1929 1916

1 2 3

1B 3 2 4

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

1938 4 1 2 3

1939 1942 1945 2 1B 3 4

1946

1946 RO 1947

1B 3 2

1 2

1 2

1V 2V-Mgr 1954

200

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position Last Year 1936 1937

Frankie Frisch Charlie Gehringer

Gehringer Tony Lazzeri

1939 1942 1945

1946

4

3 4

1937 1942

Last Year 1948 1949

1949 RO

1 2

1B

1939

1 2

Lazzeri Bucky Harris

1931

1

Jackie Robinson Joe Gordon Billy Herman Bobby Doerr

1956 1950 1947 1951

Last Year

1 2

1960

3

1950 1951 1952 1

Last Year 1956 1958

Gordon Doerr Red Schoendienst Nelson Fox

1938

1

1962 1964

1

1

1964 RO

1966

1967

1967 RO

1

1 2 3

1V-1991 2V-Mgr 1975

1968 1969

2 1

1 3 2

1970

1971

2V-2008 3 2V-1986 1 1 3

2 1

1 2

Last Year 1986 1987

1988

1

1

1997

1

2 1

1972 1973 1974 1975 1976

1 2

1 2

1 2

2 1B

1 2

1 2

2 1

1983

1984

1985

2V-1989 1 3

1 2

1V-1997 2

1989 1990 1991 1

V-1978

2

1992

1993 1994

1V-2001

1B

1995 1996

Sandberg

2 1

1972

Ryne Sandberg

1954 1955

1

1 2 3

1963 1965

1984 1985

1953

1B 2

1B

1 2

Mazeroski Joe Morgan Rod Carew

3

1

Last Year 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 Schoendienst Fox Bill Mazeroski

1946 RO 1947

1997

1998 1999 2000

2001

2002 2003 1

2004

2005

1

1B

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

2006

2007

2008

2009

Second Basemen No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995

3 4 4 4 4 3 4 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 0 0 0

3 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

0 1 2 2 2 2 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 0 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 3 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 9 9 10 13 13 13 13 14 14 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 18 18 18 18 18

201

Non–Hall of Famers

202

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Non–Hall of Famers

18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19

Conclusions (Second Basemen) Every second baseman who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 2009 was eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Of the 19 individuals who received 10 percent of the vote in at least one election through 2009, nine were elected by the Baseball Writer’s Association and ten by the Veterans’ Committee.

Third Basemen Name George Brett Mike Schmidt Brooks Robinson Wade Boggs Paul Molitor Eddie Mathews Pie Traynor Jimmy Collins Ron Santo George Kell Frank Baker Ken Boyer John McGraw Jimmie Dykes Graig Nettles Red Rolfe Stan Hack

Years Played First–Last

Highest %–age

1973–1993 1972–1989 1955–1977 1982–1999 1978–1998 1952–1968 1920–1937 1895–1908 1960–1974 1943–1957 1908–1922 1955–1969 1891–1906 1918–1939 1967–1988 1931–1942 1932–1947

98.2% 96.5% 92.0% 91.9% 85.2% 79.4% 76.9% 49.0% 43.1% 36.8% 30.4% 25.5% 17.4% 10.0% 8.4% 4.9% 4.8%

*Elected as manager

%–age Range

32.3%–79.4% 1.1%–76.9% 25.7%–49.0% 3.9%–43.1% 3.5%–36.8% 0.4%–30.4% 2.5%–25.5% 1.8%–17.4% 0.5%–10.0% 4.7%–8.4% 0.6%–4.9% 0.5%–4.8%

Number of Elections HOF 1 1 1 1 1 5 8(1) 6 15 15 11(1) 15 2 11 4 8 7

Year Years Elected Played

BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA VC

1999 1995 1983 2005 2004 1978 1948 1945

VC VC

1983 1955

VC

1937*

21 18 23 18 21 17 17 14 15 15 13 15 16 22 22 10 16

203

Third Basemen Years Played Highest First–Last %–age

Name Bill Madlock Freddie Lindstrom Bill McKechnie Joe Dugan Bill Bradley Mike Higgins Bob Elliott Heinie Groh Ron Cey Ossie Bluege Buddy Bell Darrell Evans Cookie Lavagetto Eddie Grant Grady Hatton Matt Williams Willie Kamm Billy Werber Hans Lobert Eddie Foster Gary Gaetti Sal Bando Clete Boyer Carney Lansford Billy Cox Doug DeCinces Harry Steinfeldt Charlie Irwin Arlie Latham Lave Cross Wid Conroy Larry Parrish Jimmy Austin Ken Keltner Bobby Bonilla Ken Caminiti Travis Fryman Bobby Adams Bob Bailey Don Money Richie Hebner Ray Knight Tim Wallach Terry Pendleton

1973–1987 1924–1936 1907–1920 1917–1931 1899–1915 1930–1946 1939–1953 1912–1927 1971–1987 1922–1939 1972–1989 1969–1989 1934–1947 1905–1915 1946–1960 1987–2003 1923–1935 1930–1942 1903–1917 1910–1923 1981–2000 1966–1981 1955–1971 1978–1992 1941–1955 1973–1987 1898–1911 1893–1902 1880–1909 1887–1907 1901–1911 1974–1988 1909–1929 1937–1950 1986–2001 1987–2001 1990–2002 1946–1959 1962–1978 1968–1983 1968–1985 1974–1988 1980–1996 1984–1998

4.5% 4.4% 3.5% 3.0% 2.5% 2.3% 2.0% 2.0% 1.9% 1.7% 1.7% 1.7% 1.5% 1.3% 1.3% 1.3% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

%–age Range 0.7%–4.4% 0.6%–3.5% 0.4%–3.0% 0.4%–2.5% 0.4%–2.3% 0.6%–2.0% 0.4%–2.0% 0.4%–1.7% 0.7%–1.5% 0.4%–1.3% 0.3%–1.3% 0.4%–1.1% 0.4%–1.1% 0.4%–1.0%

0.3%–0.7%

0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.4% 0.4%–0.4% 0.4%–0.4%

0.4%–0.4%

Number of Elections HOF 1 5 4 7 6 4 3 8 1 6 1 1 2 5 2 1 2 4 4 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Year Years Elected Played

VC VC

1976 1962*

*Elected as manager

(Includes all those receiving 5% or more of the vote or the top 2) 1936 Jimmy Collins 25.7% Pie Traynor 7.1%

1937 Collins 32.8% John McGraw 17.4% VC Mgr Frank Baker 6.5%

1938 Collins Baker

30.2% 12.2%

15 13 11 14 14 14 15 16 17 18 18 21 10 10 12 17 13 11 14 13 20 16 16 15 11 15 14 10 17 21 11 15 18 13 16 15 13 14 17 16 18 13 17 15

204

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1939

1942

Collins 26.3% Baker 10.9%

Collins 29.2% Traynor 19.3% Baker 16.7%

1945 Collins 49.0% VC Traynor 32.8% Baker 10.5%

1946

1946 Run Off

Traynor 32.2% Baker 19.3%

Traynor 20.2% Baker 13.7%

1948 Traynor 76.9% BWA

1950

1949

1949 Run Off

Jimmie Dykes 4.6% Stan Hack 2.6%

Dykes 0 Hack 0

1954

Dykes 1.9% Rolfe 1.9%

Dykes Rolfe

0.4% 0.4%

Groh 2.0% Dykes 0.4%

1958 Dykes Rolfe

1962

1960

9.8% 4.9%

1964 4.4% VC 3.8%

George Kell Bob Elliott

1966 Kell Grady Hatton

1968 16.6%

Kell Hatton

1974 Eddie Mathews 32.3% Kell 25.8%

1977 Mathews 62.4% Kell 36.8% VC

1980 Ron Santo 3.9%

13.7% 0.3%

Kell Elliott

17.6%

1972 Kell

10.0% 3.7%

29.0%

1975 Mathews 40.9% Kell 31.5%

1978 Mathews 79.4% BWA Ken Boyer 4.7%

1981 No 3B received votes

3.5% 0

1967 Run Off Kell 3.6% Hatton 0

1969 Kell

1971 29.2%

Dykes Rolfe

1964 Run Off 16.4% 2.0%

1967 9.6% 1.3%

2.1% 1.7%

1955

Heinie Groh Ossie Bluege

1956 Freddie Lindstrom 1.6% Rolfe 1.6%

Lindstrom Dykes

1952

Baker 3.5% VC 1955 Bill McKechnie 3.5% VC 1962 Mgr

1953

Kell

73.9% 30.4%

1951

Hack 4.8% Red Rolfe 4.2%

Kell

1947 Traynor Baker

1970 Kell

30.0%

1973 Kell

30.0%

1976 Mathews 48.7% Kell 33.2%

1979 K. Boyer 4.6% Clete Boyer 0.7%

1982 No 3B received votes

205

Third Basemen 1983 Brooks Robinson 92.0% BWA

1984

1985

Bob Bailey 0.2%

Ken Boyer 17.2% Santo 13.4%

1986

1987

1988

K. Boyer 22.4% Santo 15.1%

K. Boyer 23.2% Santo 18.9%

K. Boyer 25.5% Santo 25.3%

1989

1990

1991

Santo 16.8% K. Boyer 13.9%

Santo 21.6% K. Boyer 17.6%

Santo 26.2% K. Boyer 13.1%

1992

1993

Santo 31.6% K. Boyer 16.5%

Santo 36.6% K. Boyer 16.3%

1994

1995 Mike Schmidt 96.5% BWA Santo 30.2% Nettles 6.1%

Santo 33.0% K. Boyer 11.9% Graig Nettles 8.4%

1996

1997

Santo 37.0% Nettles 7.9%

Santo 39.3% Nettles 4.7%

1998

1999

2000

Santo 43.1% Carney Lansford 0.6%

George Brett 98.2% BWA

No 3B Received Votes

2001 No 3B Received Votes

2004 Paul Molitor 85.2% BWA Terry Pendleton 0.2%

2002 Tim Wallach 0.2%

2003 No 3B Received Votes

2005

2006

Wade Boggs 91.9% BWA

Gary Gaetti

2007

2008

2009

Bobby Bonilla 0.4% Ken Caminiti 0.4%

Travis Fryman 0.4%

Matt Williams 1.3%

0.8%

Analysis of Voting for Third Basemen Jimmy Collins led the voting at his position for the first six elections (1936–1945) at which time he was selected by the Veteran’s Committee. After trailing Collins in the 1937 voting, John McGraw was selected by the Executive Committee in 1937 as a manager. Following Collins’ selection, Pie Traynor and Frank Baker finished first and second in 1946 and 1947. In 1948 Traynor gained election by the BWA and it wasn’t until 1960 that Jimmy Dykes was able to garner 10 percent of

206

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

the vote. Meanwhile, Baker, who had finished second five times and third twice among third basemen in the balloting, was tapped by the Veteran’s Committee in 1955. The third baseman of the ’60s and ’70s was George Kell who was the top vote-getter from 1964 through 1973 until Eddie Mathews became eligible in 1974. Mathews took over the top spot for five years until his election in 1978. Relegated to the second position behind Mathews for four years, Kell was recognized by the Veteran’s Committee in 1983. That same year, Brooks Robinson became the first at his position to be elected in his first year of eligibility. From 1985 through 1994, Ken Boyer and Ron Santo shared the first and second spots in the voting, but neither could muster the 75 percent necessary for election. In the 1995 election, Mike Schmidt became the second third baseman to be recognized in his first year on the ballot. In 1999, George Brett received 98.2 percent of the vote in his first year of eligibility. Again in 2004, Paul Molitor was a first year inductee although he spent more time as a designated hitter. The next year Wade Boggs became the fourth consecutive third baseman to achieve election in his first year on the ballot. Since 2005 no third baseman has received notable voter support. From a historical perspective, the Veteran’s Committee selection of Collins, Baker and Kell appear completely defensible. The inclusion of Freddie Lindstrom raises some questions, however. Several third baseman have received greater voter support than Lindstrom’s high of 4.4 percent. Rank in Voting by Years (10% or more of the votes) Last Year 1936 1937 Jimmy Collins John McGraw Frank Baker

1908 1906 1922

Pie Traynor

1937

1

1 2V-Mgr.

Last Year 1948 1949 Traynor

1939 1942 1945

1946

1946 RO 1947

1

1

1

1V

2

2

3

3

2

2

2

2

1

1

2V1955 1

1949 RO

1950 1951 1952

1953

1954 1955

1960

1962 1964

1964 RO

1966

1967

1B

Last Year 1956 1958 Jimmy Dykes George Kell

1938

1939 1957

1 1

1

1967 RO

207

Third Basemen

Kell Eddie Matthews

Last Year 1968 1969

1970

1

1

1

1979

1980 1981 1982

1974 2 1

1983

1975 1976 2 1

2 1

1984 1985

1B 1 2

Last Year 1986 1987

1988

1 2

1 2

1989 1993

2 1B

1 2

Paul Molitor Wade Boggs

1998 1999

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1

1989 1990 1991 2 1

1997

1 2

2 1

1998 1999 2000

1

1992 2 1

2001

1993 1994 2 1

1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

1B 1B

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 1 2 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

2 1

2002 2003

1 1B

Last Year

1 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1

1977 1969 1974

Last Year 1995 1996

1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955

1

2V-1983 1 1B

Boyer Santo

Santo Mike Schmidt George Brett

1

1968

Last Year 1977 1978 Kell Matthews Brooks Robinson Ken Boyer Ron Santo

1971 1972 1973

Non–Hall of Famers

208

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals)

1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985

0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 10

1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 14 14 14 14 14

Non–Hall of Famers Jimmy Dykes

Ken Boyer, Ron Santo

209

Shortstops

Conclusions (Third Basemen) Every third baseman who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1958 was eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Every third baseman who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1984 with the exception of Jimmy Dykes was eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Of 14 individuals who have received 10 percent of the vote in at least one election through 2009, eleven are in the Hall of Fame (7 elected by the Baseball Writer’s Association and 4 by the Veterans’ Committee). Ron Santo, Ken Boyer and Jimmy Dykes are eligibile for consideration by the Veterans’ Committee.

Shortstops Name

Years Played First-Last

Cal Ripken Honus Wagner Ozzie Smith Luis Aparacio Ernie Banks Luke Appling Rabbit Maranville Joe Cronin Robin Yount Lou Boudreau Pee Wee Reese Maury Wills Marty Marion Phil Rizzuto Hughie Jennings Arky Vaughan Joe Tinker Alvin Dark Alan Trammell Dave Bancroft Dave Concepcion Joe Sewell Leo Durocher Travis Jackson Glenn Wright Frankie Crosetti Mark Belanger Everett Scott

1981–2001 1897–1917 1978–1996 1956–1973 1953–1971 1930–1950 1912–1935 1926 –1945 1974–1993 1938–1952 1940–1958 1959–1972 1940–1953 1941–1956 1891–1918 1932–1948 1902–1916 1946–1960 1977–1996 1915–1930 1970–1988 1920–1933 1925–1945 1922–1936 1924–1935 1932–1948 1965–1982 1914–1926

*Elected as a Manager

Highest %-age

%-age Range

98.5% 95.1% 91.7% 84.6% 12.0%–84.6% 83.8% 83.6% 0.8%–83.6% 82.9% (11.0%)–82.9% 78.8% 3.7%–78.8% 77.5% 77.3% 1.0%–77.3% 47.9% (5.2%)–47.9% 40.6% 13.8%–40.6% 40.0% 0.5%–40.0% 38.4% 0.5%–38.4% 37.2% 2.0%–37.2% 29.0% 0.4%–29.0% 27.2% 4.4%–27.2% 21.3% (2.3%)–21.3% 18.2% 13.4%–18.2% 16.2% 0.4%–16.2% 16.2% 6.8%–16.2% 8.6% 0.4%–8.6% 7.5% 0.4%–7.5% 7.3% 0.4%–7.3% 6.7% 0.4%–6.7% 5.3% 0.4%–5.3% 3.7% 3.2% 0.4%–3.2%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 1 1 1 6 1 7(1) 14(2) 10(1) 1 10(2) 14(2) 15 12(2) 14(2) 5 11(2) 6(1) 15(1) 8 15 15 7 8(1) 12 12 6 1 14

BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA VC

2007 1936 2002 1984 1977 1964 1954 1956 1999 1970 1984

VC VC VC VC

1994 1945 1985 1946

VC

1971

VC VC VC

1977 1994* 1982

21 21 19 18 19 20 23 20 20 15 16 14 13 13 17 14 15 14 20 16 19 14 17 15 11 17 18 13

210

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position Years Played First-Last

Name

Bert Campaneris 1964–1983 Bobby Wallace 1894–1918 Larry Bowa 1970–1985 Art Fletcher 1909–1922 Roy McMillan 1951–1966 Dick Groat 1952–1967 Roger Peckinpaugh 1910–1927 Charlie Gelbert 1929–1940 Billy Jurges 1931–1947 Tommy Thevenow 1924–1938 Terry Turner 1901–1919 Red Kress 1927–1946 Jack Barry 1908–1919 Ozzie Guillen 1985–2000 Jim Fregosi 1961–1978 Donie Bush 1908–1923 Kid Elberfeld 1898–1914 Dick Bartell 1927–1946 Tony Fernandez 1983–2001 Rico Petrocelli 1963–1976 Bucky Dent 1973–1984 Bill Russell 1969–1986 Roy Smalley, Sr. 1948–1958 Herman Long 1889–1904 Don Kessinger 1964–1979 Ray Chapman 1912–1920 Johnny Pesky 1942–1954 Joe Boley 1927–1932 Charley O'Leary 1904–1914 Bill Dahlen 1891–1911 Garry Templeton 1976 –1991 Jay Bell 1986–2003 Sonny Jackson 1963–1974 Solly Hemus 1949–1959 Chico Carrasquel 1950–1959 Walt Weiss 1987–2000 Leo Cardenas 1960–1975 Hal Lanier 1964–1973 Bud Harrelson 1965–1980 Chris Speier 1971–1989 Shawon Dunston 1985–2002 Monte Ward 1878–1894 George Davis 1890–1909

Highest %-age 3.1% 2.7% 2.5% 2.5% 2.3% 1.8% 1.5% 1.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

%-age Range 0.5%–2.7% 0.4%–2.5% 1.1%–2.3% 0.8%–1.8% 0.4%–1.5% 0.4%–1.3% 0.4%–1.3% 0.4%–1.1% 0.4%–1.1% 0.4%–1.0% 0.4%–0.8% 0.4%–0.8%

0.4%–0.5%

0.4%–0.4%

0.2%–0.2%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 1 5 1 8(1) 3 6 9 4 2 1 1 2 2 1 1 6 5 4 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1

VC

1953

VC VC

1964 1998

19 25 16 13 16 14 17 9 17 15 17 14 11 16 18 16 14 18 17 13 12 18 11 16 16 9 10 6 11 21 16 18 12 11 10 14 16 10 16 19 18 17 20

*Elected as a Manager

1936 Honus Wagner 95.1% BWA

1937 Rabbit Maranville 12.4% Joe Tinker 7.5%

1938 Maranville 27.9% Hughie Jennings 8.8% Tinker 6.1%

211

Shortstops 1939

1942

Maranville 29.9% Jennings 12.0%

Maranville 28.3% Jennings 27.5% Tinker 15.5%

1945 Jennings 37.2% VC Maranville 20.6% Tinker 19.8%

1946

1946 Run Off

1947

Tinker 27.2% Maranville 24.8%

Tinker 17.1% VC Maranville 11.0%

Maranville 56.5% Joe Cronin 3.7%

1948

1949

1949 Run Off

Maranville 31.4% Cronin 20.7%

Maranville 37.9% Cronin 21.6%

Maranville 20.9% Cronin 8.6%

1950

1951

1952

Maranville 39.5% Cronin 19.8% Dave Bancroft 5.4%

Maranville 48.7% Cronin 19.5%

Maranville 56.8% Cronin 20.5%

1953 Maranville Cronin

1954 62.1% 26.1%

1956

1958

Cronin 78.8% BWA Bancroft 7.8% Travis Jackson 7.3% VC 1982 Luke Appling 7.3%

1962

1966 Boudreau Reese Marion Rizzuto Vaughan Alvin Dark

Appling Lou Boudreau Bancroft Leo Durocher

Appling Pee Wee Reese Boudreau Marion Rizzuto Arky Vaughan Durocher

53.8% 7.6%

Appling Marty Marion Boudreau Bancroft Joe Sewell Glenn Wright

26.8% 13.8% 13.0% 11.2% VC 1971 8.6% VC 1977 6.7%

1964 Run Off 70.6% 36.3% 33.8% 24.9% 22.4% 8.5% 7.5%

1967 38.1% 31.5% 28.5% 17.9% 11.9% 5.6%

Cronin Bancroft

1960 28.9% 24.1% 16.2% 5.6%

1964

Appling 30.0% Phil Rizzuto 27.5% Marion 10.0% Boudreau 7.5%

1955

Maranville 82.9% BWA Cronin 33.7%

Boudreau Marion Reese Rizzuto Vaughan Dark

49.0% 30.8% 30.5% 24.3% 15.8% 13.0%

Appling 83.6% BWA Reese 20.8% Boudreau 19.0% Marion 7.5% Rizzuto 4.9% Vaughan 2.7% Durocher 0.9%

1967 Run Off Boudreau 22.2% Marion 7.2% Vaughan 6.2% Reese 5.2% Rizzuto 4.6% Dark 2.3%

1968 Boudreau 51.6% Marion 31.4% Vaughan 29.0% VC 1985

Reese 28.6% Rizzuto 26.1% Dark 12.7%

Frank Crosetti 5.3%

212

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1969 Boudreau Marion Reese Rizzuto Dark

1970 64.1% 32.9% 26.2% 22.9% 14.1%

1971 Reese Marion Rizzuto Dark

35.3% 34.2% 25.6% 15.0%

Boudreau Marion Reese Rizzuto Dark

77.3% BWA 40.0% 32.3% 26.3% 18.3%

1972 Reese Marion Rizzuto Dark

1973

32.6% 30.3% 26.0% 13.9%

Marion Reese Rizzuto Dark

33.4% 33.2% 29.2% 13.9%

1974

1975

1976

Reese 38.6% Rizzuto 30.4% Dark 14.8%

Reese 42.5% Rizzuto 32.3% Dark 13.3%

Reese 47.9% Rizzuto 38.4% VC 1994 Dark 21.3%

1977

1978

Ernie Banks 83.8% BWA Reese 42.6% Dark 17.2%

1980

1981

Wills 37.9% Aparicio 32.2% Dark 11.2%

Wills 40.6% Aparicio 12.0%

1983

1984

Aparicio 67.4% Wills 20.6%

Aparicio 84.6% BWA Wills 25.8%

1986

1987

Wills Bud Harrelson

29.2% 0.2%

1989

1992 Wills Bill Russell

27.4%

Wills 21.4% Bucky Dent 0.7%

1993 25.6% 0.7%

1995 Concepcion Chris Speier

Wills

1990

Wills 21.3% Bert Campaneris 3.1%

9.3% 0.2%

1998 Concepcion 14.8%

1979

Reese 44.6% VC 1984 Maury Wills 30.3% Dark 15.8%

No Players Received Votes

Wills 38.4% Luis Aparicio 27.8% Dark 18.5%

1982 Aparicio 41.9% Wills 21.9%

1985 Wills 23.5% Don Kessinger 0.5%

1988 Wills Mark Belanger

29.7% 3.7%

1991 Wills 13.8% Larry Bowa 2.5%

1994 Dave Concepcion 6.8%

1996

1997

Concepcion 13.4%

Concepcion 12.7% Garry Templeton 0.4%

1999 Robin Yount 77.5% BWA Concepcion 11.9%

2000 Concepcion 13.4%

213

Shortstops 2001 Concepcion 14.4%

2002

2003

Ozzie Smith 91.7% BWA Alan Trammell 15.7% Concepcion 11.9%

Trammell 14.1% Concepcion 11.1%

2004

2005

2006

Trammell 13.8% Concepcion 11.3%

Trammell 16.9% Concepcion 10.7%

Trammell 17.7% Concepcion 12.5%

2007

2008

2009

Cal Ripken 98.5% BWA Concepcion 13.6% Trammell 13.4%

Trammell 18.2% Concepcion 16.2%

Trammell 17.4% Jay Bell 0.4%

Analysis of Voting for Shortstops The voting at shortstop has followed an interesting pattern from orderly progression to logjam back to orderly progression. The immortal Honus Wagner was inducted on the initial ballot. Then Jennings and Tinker were selected by the Veteran’s in 1945 and 1946. From 1948 through 1954, Maranville and Cronin ranked one and two until their election by the Baseball Writers. Then began the era of the shortstop. Between 1958 and 1976, from three to six players vied for recognition. All but Marty Marion and Alvin Dark were eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Marion received greater voter support than Reese and Rizzuto on five occasions, but is still awaiting selection. Ernie Banks became the second shortstop to be selected in his first year of eligibility in 1977. Since then, the field has dwindled. For six years Wills and Aparicio were the sole contenders. After Aparicio’s election in 1984, Wills was the only shortstop in the running for the next eight years until he completed his 15 years on the ballot in 1992. Robin Yount became the third shortstop to be elected on his first attempt in 1999. After fifteen years on the ballot, Dave Concepcion completed his unsuccessful run in 2008. Only Alan Trammell remains on the ballot. Ozzie Smith received a resounding 91.7 percent of the votes cast in his first year of eligibility in 2002. Alan Trammell also on his first try moved ahead of Concepcion. In 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 Trammell again finished ahead of Concepcion. Cal Ripken was another first ballot success in 2007 with Concepcion and Trammell far in arrears in a virtual deadlock.

214

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position Rank in Voting by Years (10% or more of the votes) Last Year 1936 1937

Honus Wagner Rabbit Maranville Hughie Jennings Joe Tinker

Maranville Joe Cronin

1917 1935 1918 1916

1938

1

1 2

1949 RO

1 2

1

1 2

Last Year 1956 1958 Cronin Luke Appling Lou Boudreau Dave Bancroft

1950 1952 1930

Marty Marion Phil Rizzuto Pee Wee Reese Arky Vaughan Alvin Dark

1953 1956 1958 1948 1960

1946

1946 RO 1947

1B

Last Year 1948 1949 1945

1939 1942 1945

1960

1 2

1 1V 3

2

2

2

3

1

1V

1950 1951 1952 1 2

1 2

1962 1964

1953

1

1954 1955

1 2

1 2

1B 2

1

1964 RO

1966

1967

1967 RO

1B 3

1

1

1

3 4 2 5

2 4 3 5 6

1B 1 2 3

1 3 4V 1971 2

1

3 2

1 3 4 5 2

2

Last Year 1968 1969

1970

Boudreau Marion

1 2

1 2

1B 2

2

2

1

Rizzuto

5

4

4

3

3

3

2

2

Reese Vaughan

4 3V 1985 6

3

3

1

1

2

1

1

2V 1994 1

5

5

4

4

4

3

3

3

Dark

Last Year 1977 1978 Reese Dark Ernie Banks Maury Wills Luis Aparicio

2 1971 1972 1973

3 1B

1V 1984 3 2

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

1979

1971 1972 1973

1980 1981 1982

3

3

1 2

1 2

1 2

2 1

1974

1983

2 1

1975 1976

1984 1985

2 1B

1

215

Shortstops Last Year 1986 1987

1988

1

1

Wills

1

Last Year 1995 1996 Dave Concepcion Robin Yount Ozzie Smith Alan Trammell

1988 1993 1996 1996

1

Last Year Trammell Concepcion Cal Ripken

1989 1990 1991 1

1997

1

1

1

2 1B

1993 1994

1

1998 1999 2000

1

1992

1

2001

2002 2003

1

3

2

1B 2

1

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

1 2

1 2

1 2

3 2 1B

1 2

1

2001

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972

1 1 1 2 3 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 3 4 3 5 5 6 6 5 5 4 4

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0

0 0 0 1 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 1 2 2 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 8 9 10 11 12 13 13 13 13 13 13

Non–Hall of Famers

Marty Marion

Alvin Dark

216

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 1

0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0

2 2 2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 13 13 13 13 14 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21

Non–Hall of Famers

Maury Wills

Dave Concepcion

Alan Trammell

Conclusions (Shortstops) Every shortstop who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1958 was eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Twenty-one individuals have received 10 percent of the vote in at least one election through 2009. Sixteen are in the Hall of Fame (10 elected by the Baseball Writers and 6 by the Veterans Committee). Marty Marion, Maury Wills, Alvin Dark and Dave Concepcion are eligible for consideration by the Veterans Committee. Alan Trammell is on the Baseball Writers’ ballot.

217

Outfielders

Outfielders Name

Years Played First-Last

Ty Cobb Henry Aaron Tony Gwynn Babe Ruth Rickey Henderson Willie Mays Carl Yastrzemski Reggie Jackson Ted Williams Stan Musial Roberto Clemente Frank Robinson Joe Di Maggio Al Kaline Mickey Mantle Mel Ott Harry Heilmann Duke Snider Billy Williams Joe Medwick Dave Winfield Paul Waner Wilver Stargell Tris Speaker Kirby Puckett Lou Brock Jim Rice Willie Keeler Ralph Kiner Al Simmons Enos Slaughter Andre Dawson Edd Roush Sam Rice Ed Delahanty Max Carey Tony Oliva Roger Maris Richie Ashburn Harvey Kuenn Hack Wilson Kiki Cuyler Hugh Duffy Chuck Klein

1905–1928 1954–1976 1982–2001 1914–1935 1979–2003 1951–1973 1961–1983 1967–1987 1939–1960 1941–1963 1955–1972 1956–1976 1936–1951 1953–1974 1951–1968 1926–1947 1914–1932 1947–1964 1959–1976 1932–1948 1973–1995 1926–1945 1962–1982 1907–1928 1984–1995 1961–1979 1974–1989 1892–1910 1946–1955 1924–1944 1938–1959 1976–1996 1913–1931 1915–1934 1888–1903 1910–1929 1962–1976 1957–1968 1948–1962 1952–1966 1923–1934 1921–1938 1888–1906 1928–1944

*Special election in 1973

Highest %-age

%-age Range

98.2% 97.8% 97.6% 95.1% 94.8% 94.7% 94.6% 93.6% 93.4% 93.2% 92.7% 89.2% 88.8% 0.4%–88.8% 88.3% 88.2% 87.2% 61.4%–87.2% 86.8% 1.7%–86.8% 86.5% 17.0%–86.5% 85.7% 23.4%–85.7% 84.8% 0.8%–84.8% 84.5% 83.3% 2.0%–83.3% 82.4% 82.1% 58.8%–82.1% 82.1% 79.7% 76.4% 29.4%–76.4% 75.5% 17.7%–75.5% 75.4% (1.3%)–75.4% 75.4% 0.5%–75.4% 68.9% (15.7%)–68.9% 67.0% 45.3%–67.0% 54.3% 0.9%–54.3% 53.2% 0.4%–53.2% 52.9% 7.1%–52.9% 51.1% 0.4%–51.1% 47.3% 15.2%–47.3% 43.1% 16.6%–43.1% 41.7% 2.1%–41.7% 39.3% 14.6%–39.3% 38.3% 0.4%–38.3% 33.8% 2.5%–33.8% 33.1% 3.5%–33.1% 27.9% 2.5%–27.9%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 4 12(1) 11 6 10(1) 1 6(1) 1 2 1 1 15 4 12(2) 8(1) 14(1) 8 19 13 6 14 15 15 15 15 15(1) 12 5 12(1)

BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA BWA VC

1936 1982 2007 1936 2009 1979 1989 1993 1966 1969 1973* 1982 1955 1980 1974 1951 1952 1980 1987 1968 2001 1952 1988 1937 2001 1985 2009 1939 1975 1953 1985

VC VC VC VC

1962 1963 1945 1961

VC

1995

VC VC VC VC

1979 1968 1945 1980

24 23 20 22 25 22 23 21 19 22 18 21 13 22 18 22 17 18 18 17 22 20 21 22 12 19 16 19 10 20 19 21 18 20 16 20 15 12 15 15 12 18 17 17

218

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Name

Years Played First-Last

Highest %-age

%-age Range

Fred Clarke Tim Raines Lloyd Waner Dale Murphy Casey Stengel Zack Wheat Dave Parker Ross Youngs Orestes Minoso Tommy Henrich Pepper Martin Lefty O’Doul Earl Combs Vada Pinson Curt Flood Goose Goslin Duffy Lewis Terry Moore Dom Di Maggio Chick Hafey Bobby Bonds Heinie Manush Dwight Evans Rusty Staub Hank Bauer Albert Belle George Foster Billy Southworth Charlie Keller Doc Cramer Harold Baines Babe Herman Cy Williams Fred Lynn Earl Averill Bob Meusel Willie McGee Ken Griffey, Sr. Bobby Thomson Sam Crawford Al Oliver Manny Mota Joe Carter Larry Doby Dixie Walker Pete Reiser Mike Donlin Harry Hooper Don Baylor

1894–1915 1979–2002 1927–1945 1976–1993 1912–1925 1909–1927 1973–1991 1917–1926 1949–1980 1937–1950 1928–1944 1919–1934 1924–1935 1958–1975 1956–1971 1921–1938 1910–1921 1935–1948 1940–1953 1924–1937 1968–1981 1923–1939 1972–1991 1963–1985 1948–1961 1989–2000 1969–1986 1913–1929 1939–1952 1929–1948 1980–2001 1926–1945 1912–1930 1974–1990 1929–1941 1920–1930 1982–1999 1973–1991 1946–1960 1899–1917 1968–1985 1962–1982 1983–1998 1947–1959 1931–1949 1940–1952 1899–1914 1909–1925 1970–1988

24.9% 24.3% 23.4% 23.2% 23.1% 23.0% 22.4% 22.4% 21.1% 20.7% 17.3% 16.7% 16.0% 15.7% 15.1% 13.5% 13.5% 11.7% 11.3% 10.8% 10.6% 9.4% 8.2% 7.9% 7.9% 7.7% 6.9% 6.8% 6.1% 6.0% 5.9% 5.7% 5.7% 5.5% 5.3% 5.0% 5.0% 4.7% 4.6% 4.5% 4.3% 4.2% 3.8% 3.4% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 3.0% 2.6%

0.4%–24.9% 22.6%–24.3% 0.4%–23.4% 8.5%–23.2% 0.8%–23.1% 0.8%–23.0% 10.3%–22.4% 4.4%–22.4% 1.8%–21.1% 1.0%–20.7% 0.4%–17.3% 0.8%–16.7% 0.4%–16.0% 1.4%–15.7% 2.1%–15.1% 0.4%–13.5% 0.4%–13.5% 0.4%–11.7% 1.3%–11.3% 0.4%–10.8% 4.2%–10.6% 0.7%–9.4% 3.6%–8.2% 3.8%–7.9% 2.9%–7.9% 3.5%–7.7% 3.5%–6.9% 0.4%–6.8% 0.4%–6.1% 0.6%–6.0% 5.2%–5.9% 0.4%–5.7% 0.4%–5.7% 4.7%–5.5% 0.7%–5.3% 0.4%–5.0% 2.3%–5.0%

*Elected as a manager

(0.3%)–4.6% 0.4%–4.5% 2.0%–4.2% (0.3%)–3.4% 0.6%–3.0% 2.3%–3.0% 0.4%–3.0% 1.2%–3.0% 2.6%–2.6%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 6 2 9(1) 11 9 16 13 17(1) 15 10 14(1) 10 14 15 15 9 9 8 9 12 11 6 3 7 2 2 4 8 11 5 3 12 13 2 7 11 2 1 14(1) 7 1 2 1 2(1) 4 2 4 6 2

VC

1945

VC

1967

VC VC

1966* 1959

VC

1972

VC

1970

VC

1968

VC

1971

VC

1964

VC

2008*

VC

1975

VC

1957

VC

1998

VC

1971

21 23 18 18 14 19 19 10 17 11 13 11 12 18 15 18 11 11 11 13 14 17 20 23 14 12 18 13 13 20 22 13 19 17 13 11 18 19 15 19 18 20 16 13 18 10 12 17 19

219

Outfielders

Name

Years Played First-Last

Highest %-age

Kirk Gibson Clyde Milan Bing Miller Paul O’Neill Willie Wilson Wally Moses Paul Blair Jesse Burkett Jack Clark G. J. Burns Riggs Stephenson Frank Howard Vic Wertz Carl Furillo Hank Sauer Matty Alou George Bell Gavvy Cravath Tommy Davis Darryl Strawberry Jackie Jensen Jose Canseco Del Ennis Joe Jackson Ping Bodie Sherry Magee George Case Augie Galan Dusty Baker Willie Horton George Selkirk Tommy Holmes Wally Berger Carson Bigbee Bob L. Johnson Sammy West Freddy Leach Bill Virdon Felipe Alou Dave Kingman Ben Chapman Whitey Witt Hank Edwards Andy Pafko Elmer Valo Reggie Smith Bobby Murcer Joe Moore Wally Moon Vince Coleman Jim Eisenreich Chili Davis

1979–1995 1907–1922 1921–1936 1985–2001 1976–1994 1935–1951 1964–1980 1890–1905 1975–1992 1911–1925 1921–1934 1958–1973 1947–1963 1946–1960 1941–1959 1960–1974 1981–1993 1908–1920 1959–1976 1983–1999 1950–1961 1985–2001 1946–1959 1908–1920 1911–1921 1904–1919 1937–1947 1934–1949 1968–1986 1963–1980 1934–1942 1942–1952 1930–1940 1916–1926 1933–1945 1927–1942 1923–1932 1955–1968 1958–1974 1971–1986 1930–1946 1916–1926 1941–1953 1943–1959 1940–1961 1966–1982 1965–1983 1930–1941 1954–1965 1985–1997 1982–1998 1981–1999

2.5% 2.4% 2.2% 2.2% 2.0% 1.9% 1.9% 1.7% 1.5% 1.5% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9% 0.9% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6%

%-age Range 0.4%–2.4% 0.4%–2.2% 0.4%–1.9% 0.5%–1.7% 0.4%–1.5% 0.4%–1.5% 0.5%–1.4% 0.5%–1.4%

0.5%–1.2% 0.3%–1.1% 0.7%1.0% 0.9%–1.0% 0.7%–1.0% 0.4%–1.0% 0.4%–1.0% 0.7%–1.0% 0.4%–0.9% 0.7%–0.8% 0.5%–0.8% 0.5%–0.8% 0.4%–0.8% 0.3%–0.8% 0.4%–0.7% 0.3%–0.7%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 1 7 2 1 1 6 1 5 1 5 4 1 9 5 1 1 1 5 1 1 6 1 2 2 2 8 4 2 1 1 6 2 2 1 2 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

VC

1946

17 16 16 17 19 17 17 16 18 15 14 16 17 15 15 15 12 11 18 17 11 17 14 13 9 16 11 16 19 18 9 11 11 11 13 16 10 12 17 16 15 10 11 17 20 17 17 12 12 13 15 19

220

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

Name

Years Played First-Last

Highest %-age

Dante Bichette Eric Davis Mickey Rivers Lou Piniella Rick Monday Mickey Stanley Tommy Leach Bill Hinchman Shano Collins Red Murray Dode Paskert Frank Schulte Bobby Veach Ginger Beaumont Jimmy Sheckard Fielder Jones Mule Haas Johnny Mostil Ken Williams Ron Northey Rocky Colavito Cesar Cedeno Brian Downing Dave Henderson Harry Walker Walt Cruise Elmer Flick Joe Kelley Jose Cruz Billy Hamilton Cy Seymour Bill Lange Dave Robertson Ray Blades Sam Chapman Bill Nicholson Mike Greenwell Brett Butler Kevin Mitchell Jesus Alou Jim Hickman Bill Bruton Rico Carty Chet Lemon Terry Puhl Lonnie Smith Greg Luzinski Johnny Callison Gates Brown Jim Northrup Jose Cardenal Jeff Burroughs

1988–2001 1984–2001 1970–1984 1964–1984 1966–1984 1964–1978 1898–1918 1905–1920 1910–1925 1906–1917 1907–1921 1904–1918 1912–1925 1899–1910 1897–1913 1896–1915 1925–1938 1918–1929 1915–1929 1942–1957 1955–1968 1970–1986 1973–1992 1981–1994 1940–1955 1914–1924 1898–1910 1891–1908 1970–1988 1881–1901 1896–1913 1893–1899 1912–1922 1922–1932 1938–1951 1936–1953 1985–1996 1981–1997 1984–1998 1963–1979 1962–1974 1953–1964 1963–1979 1975–1990 1977–1991 1978–1994 1970–1984 1958–1973 1963–1975 1964–1975 1963–1980 1970–1985

0.6% 0.6% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.5% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

%-age Range

0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5%

0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.4%–0.5% 0.3%–0.5%

0.4%–0.4%

0.4%–0.4%

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 4 3 1 4 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

VC VC

1963 1971

VC

1961

14 17 15 18 19 15 19 10 16 11 15 15 14 12 17 15 12 10 14 12 14 17 20 14 11 10 13 17 19 14 16 7 9 10 11 16 12 17 13 15 13 12 15 16 15 17 15 16 13 12 18 16

221

Outfielders

Name

Years Played First-Last

John Lowenstein Ellis Valentine Lenny Dykstra Danny Tartabull Tony Phillips Jay Buhner David Justice James O’Rourke Thomas McCarthy Sam Thompson King Kelly

1970–1985 1975–1985 1985–1996 1984–1997 1982–1999 1984–2001 1989–2002 1876–1904 1884–1896 1885–1906 1878–1893

Highest %-age

%-age Range

Number of Year Years Elections HOF Elected Played

0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 VC VC VC VC

1945 1946 1974 1945

(Includes only those who achieved 10% of the vote in any year)

1936 Ty Cobb Babe Ruth Tris Speaker Willie Keeler

1937

98.2% BWA 95.1% BWA 58.8% 17.7%

Speaker Keeler Ed Delahanty Fred Clarke

1939 Keeler Delahanty Clarke Youngs

1942

75.5% BWA 52.9% 21.5% 12.4%

Delahanty Hugh Duffy Clarke Youngs

1946

1949 49.6% 42.1% 33.1% 15.7% 14.0% 12.4%

1950 Ott P. Waner Simmons Heilmann Wheat Youngs

44.6% 33.1% 24.9% 18.9%

Youngs 0 Heilman 0

1948

68.9% 56.9% 53.9% 52.1% 10.2% 10.2%

Mel Ott Simmons P. Waner Heilmann Hack Wilson Youngs Pepper Martin

67.6% 50.4% 24.0% 15.3%

Delahanty 44.9% VC Duffy 25.9% VC Clarke 21.5% VC

1947 Heilmann Zack Wheat Youngs Edd Roush

40.4% 23.0% 22.4% 15.5%

1949 Run Off 61.4% 58.2% 43.8% 38.6% 15.7% 13.1% 10.5%

1951 Ott P. Waner Heilmann Simmons Youngs Max Carey

Keeler Delahanty Clarke Ross Youngs

1945

1946 Run Off

Youngs 12.4% Harry Heilmann 11.4%

Al Simmons Paul Waner Heilmann Youngs Roush Wheat

1938

82.1% BWA 57.2% 34.8% 10.9%

87.2% BWA 71.7% 67.7% 51.3% 15.0% 11.9%

Ott Simmons P. Waner Heilmann Wilson Youngs Martin

68.4% 40.6% 33.7% 27.8% 6.4% 5.9% 0

1952 Heilmann P. Waner Simmons Carey Youngs Martin Wheat Casey Stengel Roush

86.8% BWA 83.3% BWA 60.3% 15.4% 14.5% 13.2% 12.8% 11.5% 10.3%

16 10 12 14 18 15 14 19 13 15 16

222

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1953

Simmons Joe DiMaggio Stengel Carey Martin Wilson Wheat Roush Youngs

1954

75.4% BWA 44.3% 23.1% VC 1966 Mgr 20.8% 16.3% 16.3% 12.1% 12.1% 11.7%

1956 Roush Wilson Carey Cuyler Rice Klein Joe Medwick Wheat Goose Goslin

J. DiMaggio Carey Roush Wilson Youngs Wheat

J. DiMaggio Carey Roush Wilson Wheat Youngs Kiki Cuyler Duffy Lewis Sam Rice Chuck Klein

1958 47.2% 38.3% 33.7% 28.5% 23.3% 22.8% 16.1% 13.5% VC 1959 13.5%

Carey Roush Wilson Rice Cuyler Medwick Martin Lloyd Waner Klein Earl Combs Lefty O’Doul

1962 Rice Wilson Medwick Cuyler Klein

1955 69.4% 21.8% 20.6% 19.0% 13.5% 13.1%

1960

51.1% VC 1961 42.1% 35.3% 33.8% 33.8% 18.8% 17.3% 14.7% 13.5% 12.8% 10.2%

Roush Rice Wilson Cuyler O’Doul Combs Medwick Klein Goslin Martin Chick Hafey

1964

50.6% VC 1963 24.4% VC 1979 21.3% 19.4% VC 1962 11.3%

Medwick Klein L. Waner Ralph Kiner

Medwick Kiner Slaughter

1968 Medwick Slaughter Kiner Terry Moore

Medwick Klein L. Waner Kiner

1967 93.4% BWA 61.9% 33.1% 24.5%

84.8% BWA 45.6% 41.7% 11.7%

1971

1972 Kiner 59.3% Slaughter 37.6% Snider 21.2%

VC 1962

VC 1970 VC 1968 VC 1971

57.5% 8.0% VC 1980 5.3% VC 1967 1.3%

1967 Run Off 72.6% 42.5% 42.1%

Medwick Kiner Slaughter

1969 Stan Musial Kiner Slaughter Tommy Henrich

Kiner 58.9% Slaughter 45.8% Snider 24.7%

54.3% 53.2% 26.8% 26.8% 16.7% 16.0% 14.1% 13.8% 11.2% 10.8% 10.8%

1964 Run Off 53.7% 27.9% 23.4% 15.4%

1966 Ted Williams Medwick Enos Slaughter Kiner

88.8% BWA 47.4% 38.6% 32.3% 20.3% 19.1% VC 1972 13.9% 13.5% 11.2% 10.0%

81.0%* 13.4% 15.7%

1970

93.2% BWA 40.3% 37.6% 14.7%

Kiner Slaughter Henrich Duke Snider

55.7% 44.3% 20.7% 17.0%

1973 Roberto Clemente Special Election Kiner Slaughter Snider Dom DiMaggio

92.7% BWA 61.8% 38.2% 26.6% 11.3%

*In 1967 Run Off only one player was elected. Red Ruffing received 86.9% of the vote besting Medwick’s 81.0%.

223

Outfielders 1974 Mickey Mantle Kiner Slaughter Snider Roger Maris Richie Ashburn

1975 88.2% BWA 58.9% 39.7% 30.4% 21.4% 15.3%

1976 Slaughter Snider Maris Ashburn

Kiner Slaughter Snider Ashburn Maris

1977

50.8% 41.0% 22.4% 21.9%

1978

Slaughter Snider Ashburn Maris Harvey Kuenn

1979 Willie Mays Snider Slaughter Ashburn Maris Kuenn

1982

Al Kaline Snider Ashburn Maris Kuenn

B. Williams Keunn Oliva Maris

1988 82.4% BWA 47.3% 43.1% 39.3% 21.1% 15.7% 11.2%

Ashburn 35.4% Maris 23.4% Kuenn 23.2%

1984 40.9% 20.6% 20.1% 18.4%

B. Williams 50.1% Oliva 30.8% Maris 26.6% Kuenn 26.3%

1987

B. Williams 74.1% Maris 41.6% Oliva 36.2% Kuenn 33.9% Orestes Minoso 20.9% Curt Flood 10.6% Vada Pinson 10.1%

B. Williams Maris Oliva Kuenn Minoso Flood Pinson

1989 Carl Yastrzemski Oliva Kuenn Minoso

68.9% 67.0% 41.7% 21.9% 15.3%

1981

88.3% BWA 86.5% BWA 34.8% 28.8% 21.6%

1986

79.7% BWA 63.8% 32.4% 31.6% 28.9%

Wilver Stargell Oliva Maris Kuenn Minoso Pinson Flood

Slaughter Snider Ashburn Maris Kuenn

1983

97.8% BWA 89.2% BWA 30.4% VC 1995 23.4% 16.6% 15.2% 14.9%

1985 Lou Brock B. Williams Maris Kuenn Oliva

58.0% 55.4% 36.3% 18.8% 14.9%

1980

94.7% BWA 71.3% 68.8% VC 1985 30.1% 29.4% 14.6%

Henry Aaron Frank Robinson Ashburn Billy Williams Maris Tony Oliva Kuenn

75.4% BWA 48.9% 35.6% 21.0% 19.3%

85.7% BWA 42.6% 38.7% 34.9% 19.9% 12.1% 11.6%

1990 94.6% BWA 30.2% 25.7% 13.2%

Oliva 32.0% Kuenn 24.1% Minoso 11.5%

224

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position 1991

1992

Oliva 36.1% Kuenn 22.6%

1993

Oliva 40.7% Minoso 16.0%

1994

1995

Oliva 34.7% Pinson 10.1%

Oliva Jim Rice Minoso Flood

1997 Rice 37.6% Minoso 17.8% Dave Parker 17.5%

2000

1998

2003 52.2% 50.0% 11.7% 10.3%

64.8% 61.0% 14.4% 10.8%

29.4% 19.3% 16.1% 14.7%

2002

84.5% BWA 82.1% BWA 57.9% 18.1% 16.3%

Rice Andre Dawson Murphy Parker

2004

55.1% 45.3% 14.8% 14.0%

2005

2007 Tony Gwynn Rice Dawson Parker

36.2% 35.3% 15.1% 13.2% 10.9%

1999 Rice Dale Murphy Parker Minoso

Rice 54.5% Dawson 50.0% Parker 10.5%

2006 Rice Dawson Parker Murphy

Oliva Rice Flood Minoso Pinson

Rice 42.9% Parker 22.4% Minoso 14.0%

Dave Winfield Kirby Puckett Rice Murphy Parker

93.6% BWA 37.1% 15.8% 10.6%

1996

32.4% 29.8% 14.3% 12.8%

2001

Rice 51.5% Murphy 23.2% Parker 20.8%

Rice Dawson Murphy Parker

Reggie Jackson Oliva Minoso Bobby Bonds

Rice Dawson Parker Murphy

59.5% 52.3% 12.6% 10.5%

2008

97.6% BWA 63.5% 56.7% 11.4%

Rice Dawson Tim Raines Parker Murphy

72.2% 65.9% 24.3% 15.1% 13.8%

2009 R. Henderson Rice Dawson Raines Parker Murphy

94.8% BWA 76.4% BWA 67.0% 22.6% 15.0% 11.5%

Analysis of Voting for Outfielders The election of outfielders in the early balloting followed the predicted script. In the first year, Cobb and Ruth, as expected, were elected by over 95

225

Outfielders

percent. The next year Tris Speaker moved up from third place and in 1939 Keeler received the required votes after his second year as the top outfielder. In 1945, the Veterans inducted Delahanty, Duffy and Clarke who had finished as the top three for two straight years. From 1946 through 1955, the Baseball Writers tapped Mel Ott (1951), Harry Heilmann and Paul Waner (1952), Al Simmons (1953), and Joe DiMaggio (1955). It wasn’t until 1966 that the next BWA inductee was named. Ted Williams, in his first year, received a resounding 93.4 percent. This was a remarkable feat considering his relationship with the writers. During this period, a large number of players (as many as eleven) were getting over 10 percent of the vote but not enough for election. Since Williams’ election in 1966, 15 more outfielders have been elected by the Baseball Writers. Eleven of that number were first ballot selections (including Clemente inducted in a special election following his tragic death). The plight of Tony Oliva is worth noting. He had the misfortune to come on the ballot amidst formidable competition. In six of his last nine years of eligibility, he was the top vote-getter among outfielders. The other three years, he was bumped by Wilver Stargell (1988), Carl Yastrzemski (1989), and Reggie Jackson (1993), all first-year selections. Jim Rice might have fallen victim to the same fate as Oliva. Rice led all outfielders in the voting for four consecutive years, but in the 2001 balloting dropped to third when Dave Winfield and Kirby Puckett were elected in their first year of eligibility. Again in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and 2006 Rice was the top outfielder followed by Andre Dawson. In 2007 Tony Gwynn was a first-ballot election with Rice and Dawson ranking second and third among outfielders. Rice and Dawson both received their highest percentage of votes in 2008 but fell short of the required 75 percent. However, in 2009 in his last year on the ballot, Rice was elected although he finished behind Rickey Henderson another first-year selection. Rank in Voting by Years (10% or more of votes) Last Year 1936 1937 Ty Cobb Babe Ruth Tris Speaker Willie Keeler Ed Delahanty Fred Clarke Ross Youngs Hugh Duffy

1928 1935 1928 1910 1903 1915 1926 1906

1B 2B 3 4

1B 2 3 4

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

1938

1 2 3 4

1939 1942 1945

1B 2 3 4

1 3 4 2

1946

1946 RO 1947

1V 3V 1 2V

3

226

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position Last Year 1936 1937

Harry Heilmann Zack Wheat Ed Roush

1938

1939 1942 1945

1932 1927 1931

1946 RO 1947

2

Last Year 1948 1949 Youngs

4

6

Heilmann Wheat Roush Al Simmons Paul Waner Mel Ott Hack Wilson Pepper Martin Max Carey Casey Stengel

4

1944 1945 1947 1934 1944 1929 1925

3 6 5 1 2

Joe DiMaggio Kiki Cuyler Duffy Lewis Sam Rice Chuck Klein

1951 1938 1921 1934 1944

2 3 1 5 7

1949 RO

4 2 3 1

1950 1951 1952

Roush

8V1959 1

2

Wilson

2

3

Martin Carey

3

Cuyler

1960

1V1962 3T 10T

4

7 1V1961 4T

Rice

5

4T

2

Klein

6

9

8

Goose Goslin

1938

9

Lloyd Waner

1945

8

Earl Combs

1935

10

Lefty O’Doul

1934

11

3T

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

1954 1955

5

5

9

5

6V1972

4 5T

3

5 3

4 2 1B

7 8 1B

6 3

3 2 1

1B 7 9 3 2B

6 5 4 3V

4

4 2

2

2 (1966 Mgr) 1

1966

1967

1962 1964

2V1979

4V1962 1V1963 5

2V1980

9V1968 3V1967 6V1970 5

1953

1 2 4

5T

6

Last Year 1956 1958 Wheat

1946

6 4 8

1964 RO

1B 7 8 9 10

1967 RO

227

Outfielders Last Year 1956 1958 Chick Hafey Joe Medwick Ralph Kiner Ted Williams Enos Slaughter

1937 1948 1955 1960 1959

7

6

Last Year 1968 1969 Medwick Kiner Slaughter Terry Moore Stan Musial Tommy Henrich Duke Snider Roberto Clemente Dom DiMaggio Mickey Mantle Roger Maris Richie Ashburn

1948 1963 1950 1964 1972 1953 1968 1968 1962

1B 3 2 4

2 3 1B 4

1960 10T 7

1970

3 4

3

3

1

1966

1967

1967 RO

2 4 1B 3

1 2

1 3

3

2

1974 1975

1 2

2 3

1B 2

3

4

3

1B 5 6

5 4

1B 4

1

1

1

Snider Maris Ashburn

2 3 4

2 4 3

2 4 3

5

5

1966 1973 1974 1976 1976 1976 1976

1979 1980 1971

1964 RO

1973 1971 1972 Special 1973 1 2

Slaughter

Maris Kuenn Williams Oliva Lou Brock Orestes Minoso Curt Flood

1 4

1 2

1978

Last Year

3

1 2

Last Year 1976 1977

Harvey Kuenn Willie Mays Al Kaline Henry Aaron Frank Robinson Billy Williams Tony Oliva

1962 1964

1979 1980 1981 3V1985 2 5 4 6 1B

2B 4 3

2 1

5

3

1982

5 3V1995 7

1983 1984

4

3

2

4

1 3

1 2

1B 1B 2B 4 6

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 3 4 2 5 1B

1991 1992

2 4 1 3

2 4 1B 3

3 4

3

2

2

2

2

1

1

5 6

5 6

5 7

4

3

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

1993

1

2

2

3

228

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position Last Year

Vada Pinson Wilver Stargell Carl Yastrzemski Reggie Jackson Bobby Bonds

Last Year Oliva Minoso Flood Pinson Jim Rice Dave Parker Dale Murphy Dave Winfield Kirby Puckett Andre Dawson

1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990

1975 1982 1983 1987 1981

7

1991 1992

1B 4

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 1

1 3 4

1 4 3 5 2

2 1989 1991 1993 1995 1995 1996

2

2

3

4

1 3

1 2

1 3 2

2000 2001

1 3 2

3 5 4 1B 2B

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

1 2 3 4

1 2

1 2 4 3

1 2 4 3

2 3

1 2 5 4

2B 3 6 5

3

4 1B

3

2001 2002 2003

4 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 4 4

1 4 3

2003

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 4 6 7 6

2002

2

4 1B

B—Baseball Writers Association of America V—Veterans Committee

1936 1937 1938 1939 1942 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950

1993

6 1B 1B

Last Year Rice Dawson Murphy Parker Tony Gwynn Tim Raines R. Henderson

7

0 2 3 3 4 3 1 3 3 2 2

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 4 6 7 7 8 8 9 11 13 16 16

Non–Hall of Famers

Pepper Martin

229

Outfielders No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1964 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 Special 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals)

6 9 9 6 10 9 11 11 5 4 4 3 4 4 4 3 3

4 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 2 2 2 2 2

2 5 6 5 8 8 8 8 4 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

17 18 19 19 23 25 28 29 29 30 32 32 33 35 36 36 36

1 4 6 5 4 5 5 6 5 3 7 4 4 5 7

1 2 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 0 3 1 1 2 1

0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

37 38 41 41 41 42 42 43 44 44 48 48 48 49 52

7 7 4 3 2 2 4 2 4 5 3 3 4 3 5 4 4

1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

52 53 54 54 54 54 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 61 62 62

Non–Hall of Famers

Duffy Lewis Lefty O’Doul

Terry Moore Tommy Henrich

Dom DiMaggio Roger Maris Harvey Kuenn

Tony Oliva

Curt Flood, Orestes Minoso, Vada Pinson

Bobby Bonds

Dave Parker Dale Murphy Andre Dawson

230

Part III : Analysis of Hall of Fame Players by Position

No. with 10% or No. in More Hall of Fame Year of Votes BWA VC 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

3 4 4 4 4 6

0 0 0 1 0 2

0 0 0 0 0 0

Cumulative Total (Different Individuals) 62 62 62 63 64 65

Non–Hall of Famers

Tim Raines

Conclusions (Outfielders) Twenty-nine of thirty-two outfielders who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1967 were eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Forty of forty-nine outfielders who received 10 percent of the vote from 1936 through 1985 were eventually elected to the Hall of Fame. Of sixty-five outfielders who have received 10 percent of the vote through 2009, forty-eight are in the Hall of Fame (30 elected by the Baseball Writer’s Association and 18 by the Veterans’ Committee). Four outfielders are under consideration by the Baseball Writers’ Association: Tim Raines (2009; second year of eligibility), Dave Parker (2009; thirteenth year of eligibility), Dale Murphy (2009; eleventh year of eligibility), and Andre Dawson (2009; eighth year of eligibility). The remaining thirteen outfielders are eligible for consideration by the Veterans’ Committee.

Index Avery, Steve 130 Avila, Bobby 134

Aaron, Henry 60, 114, 122, 138, 146, 153, 161, 217, 223, 227 Abbott, Jim 130, 166 Abreu, Bobby 114 Adams, Babe 18, 99, 165, 170, 175, 177, 179 Adams, Bobby 203 Adams, Sparky 196 Agee, Tommy 113, 118 Aguilera, Rick 167 Alexander, Grover 4, 5, 128, 156, 157, 164, 169, 173, 174 Alfonzo, Edgardo 134 Allen, Dick 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 86, 89, 91, 93, 98, 118, 122, 126, 132, 187, 190, 191, 193, 194 Allen, Johnny 168 Alley, Gene 111 Allison, Bob 117 Alomar, Roberto 110, 133, 147, 153, 154 Alomar, Sandy, Jr. 119 Alou, Felipe 105, 133, 156, 219 Alou, Jesus 220 Alou, Matty 139, 219 Alou, Moises 137, 155 Alston, Walter 104 Altrock, Nick 165 Amaro, Ruben 112 Anderson, Garret 137, 149, 153, 154 Anderson, Sparky 104 Andujar, Joaquin 108 Anson, Cap 5, 8, 104, 144, 148, 188 Antonelli, Johnny 127 Aparicio, Luis 56, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 111, 117, 136, 147, 161, 209, 212, 213, 214 Appling, Luke 28, 29, 31, 34, 75, 136, 147, 171, 209, 211, 214 Archer, Jimmy 180 Armas, Tony 140 Ashburn, Richie 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 76, 96, 97, 125, 145, 149, 217, 223, 227 Aurilia, Rich 137 Ausmus, Brad 107 Austin, Jimmy 203 Averill, Earl 51, 138, 151, 156, 218

Baerga, Carlos 134 Bagwell, Jeff 109, 119, 123, 132, 149, 155 Bahnsen, Stan 118 Bailey, Andrew 119 Bailey, Bob 203, 205 Baines, Harold 139, 140, 141, 142, 145, 151, 152, 153, 154, 218 Baker, Dusty 112, 138, 219 Baker, Frank 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 18, 26, 98, 144, 151, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206 Bancroft, Dave 27, 29, 45, 97, 143, 150, 209, 211, 213 Bando, Sal 135, 203 Banks, Ernie 53, 112, 121, 136, 147, 154, 161, 209, 212, 213, 214 Barfield, Jesse 114 Barnie, Billie 106 Barry, Jack 209 Bartell, Dick 136, 210 Battey, Earl 108, 131 Bauer, Hank 218 Bay, Jason 138 Baylor, Don 122, 140, 149, 155, 218 Beaumont, Ginger 220 Beck, Rod 168 Beckert, Glenn 110, 133, 196 Beckley, Jake 44, 144, 147, 188 Bedrosian, Steve 116, 169 Belanger, Mark 111, 136, 209, 212 Bell, Buddy 110, 135, 147, 152, 153, 154, 203 Bell, George 123, 137, 219 Bell, Jay 112, 137, 210, 213 Belle, Albert 137, 218 Beltran, Carlos 113, 119, 139 Beltre, Adrian 111 Bench, Johnny 69, 108, 118, 121, 130, 150, 156, 179, 182, 183, 185 Bender, Chief 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 18, 21, 22, 23, 97, 125, 143, 164, 169, 170, 174, 175 Beniquez, Juan 113 Benton, Larry 168 Berg, Moe 180 Bergen, Marty 180

231

232

Index

Berger, Wally 138, 219 Berkman, Lance 138 Bernazard, Tony 134 Berra, Yogi 42, 46, 120, 130, 149, 155, 179, 182, 183, 184 Berroa, Angel 119 Berry, Charlie 180 Berry, Ken 113 Bibby, Jim 129, 169 Bichette, Dante 140, 220 Bigbee, Carson 219 Biggio, Craig 110, 133, 146, 151, 152, 153, 154 Billingham, Jack 169 Bishop, Max 195 Black, Joe 117 Blackwell, Ewell 128, 165 Blades, Ray 220 Blair, Paul 112, 138, 219 Blass, Steve 167 Blauser, Jeff 137 Blefary, Curt 118 Blue, Lu 188 Blue, Vida 115, 122, 127, 160, 165 Bluege, Ossie 203, 204 Blyleven, Bert 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 126, 158, 164, 172, 173, 174, 177, 178 Bochy, Bruce 105 Boddicker, Mike 108, 129 Bodie, Ping 219 Boggs, Wade 87, 88, 111, 134, 147, 202, 205, 206 Boley, Joe 210 Bolling, Frank 110, 134 Bonds, Barry 112, 120, 124, 137, 142, 146, 151, 152, 153, 154 Bonds, Bobby 74, 87, 91, 99, 114, 140, 218, 224, 228, 229 Bonham, Tiny 128 Bonilla, Bobby 135, 140, 142, 156, 203, 205 Boone, Bob 108, 131, 179, 183 Boone, Bret 110, 134 Borowski, Joe 130 Borowy, Hank 128 Bottomley, Jim 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 49, 50, 97, 121, 125, 132, 150, 155, 187, 189, 191, 192 Boudreau, Lou 28, 30, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 75, 105, 122, 136, 151, 209, 211, 212, 214 Bourn, Michael 113 Bouton, Jim 167 Bowa, Larry 111, 136, 149, 210, 212 Boyer, Clete 111, 203, 204 Boyer, Ken 64, 86, 91, 95, 98, 111, 122, 126, 134, 150, 155, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208 Bradley, Bill 203 Bradley, Phil 138 Branca, Ralph 128 Brandt, Jackie 113

Braun, Ryan 119, 137 Brecheen, Harry 128, 166 Breitenstein, Ted 167 Bresnahan, Roger 8, 9, 10, 12, 97, 124, 144, 150, 179, 181, 183, 184 Brett, George 81, 111, 122, 133, 134, 142, 146, 154, 202, 205, 206, 207 Brewer, Jim 167 Bridges, Tommy 165 Brinkman, Eddie 112 Bristol, Dave 105 Brock, Lou 63, 137, 146, 161, 217, 223, 227 Broglio, Ernie 129 Brosius, Scott 111, 135 Brouthers, Dan 12, 144, 150, 188 Brown, Gates 220 Brown, Kevin 130, 160 Brown, Mordecai 6, 19, 20, 98, 143, 165, 169, 174 Browning, Tom 169 Bruton, Bill 220 Bryant, Ron 129 Buckner, Bill 147, 152, 153, 187 Buehrle, Mark 108 Buhner, Jay 114, 221 Bulkeley, Morgan 6 Bumbry, Al 118, 139 Bunning, Jim 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 77, 78, 96, 97, 125, 127, 159, 164, 171, 172, 176 Burdette, Lew 53, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 98, 126, 165, 171, 172, 176, 178 Burgess, Smokey 131, 180, 182 Burkett, Jesse 16, 145, 150, 219 Burks, Ellis 113, 138, 155 Burleson, Rick 112, 136 Burns, G.J. 219 Burns, George 121, 132 Burroughs, Jeff 122, 140, 220 Bush, Donie 210 Bush, Guy 167 Bush, Joe 166 Butler, Brett 148, 220 Byrd, Harry 117 Cabrera, Miguel 138 Cabrera, Orlando 112 Cadore, Leon 167 Callison, Johnny 220 Cameron, Mike 113 Camilli, Dolph 121, 132, 188 Caminiti, Ken 111, 123, 135, 203, 205 Camnitz, Howie 169 Campanella, Roy 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 120, 130, 146, 150, 161, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184 Campaneris, Bert 136, 149, 210, 212 Campbell, Bill 169 Candelaria, John 168 Candiotti, Tom 168 Cano, Robinson 134 Canseco, Jose 119, 123, 140, 141, 142, 219

Index Cardenal, Jose 220 Cardenas, Leo 112, 136, 211 Carew, Rod 71, 118, 122, 132, 133, 142, 147, 161, 195, 198, 199, 200 Carey, Max 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 97, 125, 138, 147, 217, 221, 226 Carlton, Steve 74, 102, 108, 115, 127, 157, 163, 172, 176 Carpenter, Chris 116, 130 Carrasquel, Chico 210 Carrigan, Bill 180 Carroll, Clay 169 Carter, Gary 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 108, 130, 150, 156, 179, 182, 183, 184, 185 Carter, Joe 137, 149, 155, 218 Cartwright, Alexander 7 Carty, Rico 220 Casanova, Paul 131 Case, George 219 Cash, Dave 196, 198 Cash, Norm 132, 188 Castilla, Vinny 134 Castillo, Luis 110 Castino, John 118 Cavaretta, Phil 34, 41, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 95, 97, 122, 125, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 195 Cedeno, Cesar 113, 138, 220 Cepeda, Orlando 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 81, 96, 97, 117, 122, 125, 132, 149, 155, 187, 190, 191, 192 Cerone, Rick 131 Cey, Ron 203 Chadwick, Henry 7 Chambliss, Chris 109, 118, 132 Chance, Dean 115, 129 Chance, Frank 6, 14, 97, 101, 104, 124, 144, 151, 187, 191, 192 Chandler, Spud 121, 128, 166 Chapman, Ben 219 Chapman, Jack 106 Chapman, Ray 210 Chapman, Sam 220 Charboneau, Joe 118 Chase, Hal 187, 188 Chavez, Eric 110, 135 Chesbro, Jack 16, 17, 143, 157, 166 Cissell, Bill 196 Clark, Jack 133, 140, 219 Clark, Watty 168 Clark, Will 109, 132, 155, 187 Clarke, Fred 5, 6, 11, 98, 104, 145, 148, 218, 221, 225 Clarkson, John 32, 33, 143, 158, 167 Clemens, Roger 115, 123, 127, 156, 157 Clemente, Roberto 47, 114, 122, 124, 139, 147, 154, 161, 217, 222, 225, 227 Coakley, Andy 168 Cobb, Ty 4, 36, 121, 144, 146, 217, 221, 224, 225

233

Cochrane, Mickey 4, 8, 9, 10, 13, 17, 120, 130, 150, 179, 181, 183, 184 Coghlan, Chris 119 Colavito, Rocky 86, 89, 91, 140, 220 Coleman, Vince 118, 219 Collins, Eddie 4, 5, 7, 121, 144, 146, 195, 196, 199 Collins, Jimmy 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 97, 124, 144, 151, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206 Collins, Shano 220 Colon, Bartolo 116 Combs, Earl 28, 30, 42, 98, 145, 151, 218, 222, 226 Comiskey, Charles 8, 104 Concepcion, Dave 77, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 98, 111, 136, 148, 152, 209, 212, 213, 215, 216 Cone, David 116, 130, 165 Connor, Roger 52, 53, 144, 150, 188 Conroy, Wid 203 Coombs, Jack 166 Cooper, Cecil 109, 132, 155 Cooper, Mort 121, 127, 166 Cooper, Walker 52, 53, 98, 131, 179, 182, 183, 185, 186 Cooper, Wilbur 165 Corcoran, Tommy 149 Cordero, Chad 130 Cordova, Marty 119 Courtney, Clint 180 Coveleski, Stan 28, 41, 99, 143, 165, 170, 175 Cowens, Al 114 Cox, Billy 203 Cox, Bobby 103 Craig, Roger 105 Cramer, Doc 138, 148, 153, 218 Crandall, Del 108, 131, 179, 182 Cravath, Gavvy 219 Crawford, Sam 27, 145, 146, 218 Crede, Joe 135 Criger, Lou 179, 181 Critz, Hughie 195 Cronin, Joe 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 104, 136, 149, 209, 211, 213, 214 Crosby, Bobby 119 Crosetti, Frankie 209, 211 Cross, Lave 148, 153, 203 Crowder, Alvin 128, 168 Cruise, Walt 220 Cruz, Jose 138, 148 Cruz, Jose, Jr. 113 Cuccinello, Tony 195 Cuellar, Mike 115, 127 Cummings, Candy 8 Cuyler, Kiki 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 39, 97, 125, 140, 150, 217, 222, 226 Dahlen, Bill 92, 148, 152, 210 Damon, Johnny 139, 149, 155 Danning, Harry 131, 180 Dark, Alvin 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49,

234

Index

51, 52, 53, 55, 57, 58, 98, 105, 117, 136, 209, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216 Darling, Ron 108, 169 Daubert, Jake 121, 188 Daulton, Darren 131, 180 Davalillo, Vic 113 Davenport, Jim 111 Davis, Alvin 118 Davis, Chili 148, 152, 155, 219 Davis, Curt 168 Davis, Eric 113, 138, 220 Davis, George 80, 144, 147, 210 Davis, Harry 188 Davis, Jody 109 Davis, Mark 116, 129, 169 Davis, Spud 180 Davis, Tommy 137, 141, 219 Davis, Willie 113, 139, 147, 152, 153 Dawson, Andre 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 114, 118, 123, 126, 140, 146, 152, 153, 154, 217, 224, 225, 228, 229 Dean, Dizzy 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 121, 127, 157, 164, 170, 173, 175 DeCinces, Doug 135, 203 Delahanty, Ed 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 97, 124, 145, 150, 217, 221, 225 Delgado, Carlos 132, 156 Dempsey, Rick 180 Denny, John 116, 129 Dent, Bucky 210, 212 Dernier, Bob 113 Derringer, Paul 128, 159, 165 DeShaies, Jim 169 Devereaux, Mike 139 Dickey, Bill 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 130, 146, 150, 179, 181, 183, 184 DiMaggio, Dom 47, 99, 139, 218, 222, 227, 229 DiMaggio, Joe 23, 24, 25, 120, 138, 150, 155, 217, 222, 225, 226 Dineen, Bill 166 Doak, Bill 166 Doby, Larry 79, 80, 96, 139, 151, 218 Doerr, Bobby 34, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 66, 98, 133, 151, 156, 195, 197, 199, 200 Donlin, Mike 218 Donovan, Dick 129 Donovan, Patsy 106 Donovan, Wild Bill 166 Dooin, Red 180 Downing, Brian 156, 220 Doyle, Larry 121, 195 Drabek, Doug 116, 130, 168 Dressen, Charlie 105 Drew, J.D. 140 Dropo, Walt 117, 132, 188 Drysdale, Don 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 115, 129, 160, 164, 171, 172, 176 Duffy, Hugh 8, 9, 10, 12, 97, 145, 150, 217, 221, 225 Dugan, Joe 203

Dunn, Jack 167 Dunston, Shawon 136, 210 Durocher, Leo 104, 209, 211 Dye, Jermaine 114, 140 Dyer, Eddie 167 Dykes, Jimmy 30, 99, 105, 148, 202, 204, 205, 206, 208, 209 Dykstra, Lenny 139, 221 Earnshaw, George 128, 166 Eckersley, Dennis 87, 116, 123, 144, 157, 164, 173, 174, 177 Edmonds, Jim 112, 138 Edwards, Hank 219 Edwards, Johnny 108, 131 Ehmke, Howard 165 Eisenreich, Jim 219 Elberfeld, Kid 210 Elliott, Bob 122, 135, 203, 204 Elliott, Jumbo 168 Ellis, Dock 168 Ennis, Del 156, 188, 219 Ens, Jewel 196 Ensberg, Morgan 135 Erskine, Carl 166 Erstad, Darin 109, 113, 139 Estrada, Johnny 131 Evans, Darrell 135, 149, 152, 155, 203 Evans, Dwight 114, 140, 148, 152, 155, 218 Evers, Johnny 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 97, 101, 121, 124, 144, 151, 195, 196, 197, 199 Ewing, Buck 5, 8, 144, 150, 180, 184 Faber, Red 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 98, 125, 143, 159, 164, 170, 171, 175 Face, Roy 63, 65, 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 98, 165, 172, 176, 178 Fain, Ferris 132 Fairly, Ron 152, 188 Falkenberg, Cy 167 Feller, Bob 31, 36, 127, 158, 163, 171, 175 Ferguson, Bob 106 Fernandez, Sid 168 Fernandez, Tony 111, 136, 149, 210 Ferrell, Rick 63, 64, 144, 150, 180, 183 Ferrell, Wes 86, 91, 92, 128, 165 Ferris, Boo 127 Fidrych, Mark 118 Fielder, Cecil 132, 188 Fielder, Prince 133 Fingers, Rollie 71, 72, 116, 122, 143, 157, 164, 172, 176 Finley, Chuck 128, 169 Finley, Steve 113, 147, 151, 152, 153, 154 Fisk, Carlton 81, 82, 109, 118, 130, 148, 155, 179, 182, 183, 184, 185 Fitzsimmons, Freddie 159, 165 Flanagan, Mike 116, 129, 168 Fleming, Dave 130 Fletcher, Art 210 Flick, Elmer 32, 33, 145, 151, 220

Index Flood, Curt 66, 68, 69, 76, 77, 86, 89, 91, 98, 112, 139, 218, 223, 224, 227, 228, 229 Flynn, Doug 110 Fohl, Lee 105 Fonseca, Lew 188 Ford, Whitey 47, 48, 49, 115, 127, 165, 171, 176 Forsch, Bob 168 Fosse, Ray 108, 131 Foster, Eddie 203 Foster, George 122, 137, 218 Fox, Nelson 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 78, 79, 96, 97, 101, 110, 122, 125, 133, 148, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200 Foxx, Jimmy 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 120, 132, 148, 154, 187, 188, 189, 192 Franco, Julio 104, 133, 147, 151, 153 Francoeur, Jeff 114 Francona, Terry 104 Franklin, Ryan 130 Fraser, Chick 168 Freehan, Bill 108, 131, 180 Fregosi, Jim 105, 112, 136, 210 Frick, Ford 8 Friend, Bob 128 Frisch, Frankie 9, 10, 13, 17, 105, 121, 133, 148, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200 Fryman, Travis 111, 135, 137, 142, 203, 205 Furcal, Rafael 119 Furillo, Carl 140, 219 Gaetti, Gary 111, 148, 152, 155, 203, 205 Gagne, Eric 116, 130 Galan, Augie 219 Galarraga, Andres 109, 148, 155 Galvin, Pud 36, 144, 157, 169 Gant, Ron 138 Garcia, Damaso 134 Garciaparra, Nomar 119, 136 Garner, Phil 105, 196, 198 Garver, Ned 168 Garvey, Steve 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 97, 109, 122, 126, 132, 148, 153, 154, 187, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194 Gaston, Cito 105 Gedman, Rich 131 Gehrig, Lou 4, 7, 120, 124, 131, 149, 154, 187, 188, 192 Gehringer, Charlie 14, 17, 18, 19, 121, 133, 148, 196, 197, 200 Gelbert, Charlie 210 Geronimo, Cesar 113 Giambi, Jason 123, 133 Gibson, Bob 59, 108, 115, 122, 123, 127, 159, 161, 164, 172, 176 Gibson, Kirk 123 Giles, Marcus 134 Gilliam, Jim 117, 134 Giusti, Dave 168

235

Glaus, Troy 135 Glavine, Tom 115, 127, 156, 158 Gleason, Kid 196 Gomez, Lefty 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 46, 97, 125, 127, 157, 164, 170, 171, 175 Gonzalez, Adrian 109 Gonzalez, Juan 121, 139 Gonzalez, Luis 138, 147, 151, 153, 154 Gonzalez, Mike 180 Gooden, Dwight 116, 118, 129, 166 Gordon, Joe 3, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 86, 88, 91, 92, 96, 98, 121, 125, 133, 151, 195, 197, 199, 200 Goslin, Goose 27, 30, 39, 40, 99, 137, 148, 154, 218, 222, 226 Gossage, Rich 82, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 144, 157, 164, 173, 174, 177 Gowdy, Hank 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 30, 97, 125, 179, 181, 183, 184, 185, 187 Grace, Mark 109, 148, 187 Grant, Eddie 203 Grant, Jim 129 Grantham, George 196 Green, Shawn 114, 140, 156 Greenberg, Hank 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 121, 132, 137, 142, 146, 151, 187, 189, 192 Greenwell, Mike 138, 220 Greinke, Zack 116, 130 Grich, Bobby 110, 133, 195 Grieve, Ben 119 Griffey, Ken, Jr. 112, 123, 138, 142, 146, 152, 153, 154 Griffey, Ken, Sr. 140, 218 Griffin, Alfredo 112, 118 Griffin, Doug 110 Griffith, Clark 9, 14, 17, 97, 105, 125,164, 169, 173, 175 Grim, Bob 117 Grimes, Burleigh 27, 28, 29, 31, 34, 35, 97, 125, 128, 158, 164, 170, 171, 175 Grimm, Charlie 104, 149, 187, 189 Grissom, Marquis 113, 149, 155 Grissom, Marv 167 Groat, Dick 122, 136, 210 Groh, Heinie 203, 204 Gromek, Steve 167 Grove, Lefty 10, 13, 17, 121, 127, 158, 164, 170, 173, 175 Grove, Orval 166 Gruber, Kelly 111, 135 Grudzielanek, Mark 110 Guerrero, Pedro 140, 188 Guerrero, Vladimir 123, 139, 155 Guidry, Ron 108, 116, 127, 165 Guillen, Ozzie 112, 118, 210 Gullet, Don 129 Gullickson, Bill 169 Gustine, Frankie 195 Gwynn, Tony 90, 114, 139, 147, 160, 217, 224, 225, 228

236 Haas, Mule 220 Hack, Stan 134, 202, 204 Haddix, Harvey 108, 165 Hafey, Chick 30, 45, 99, 145, 151, 218, 222, 227 Hahn, Noodles 168 Haines, Jesse 42, 43, 143, 165 Hall, Jimmie 139 Halladay, Roy 116, 130 Hallahan, Bill 167 Hamelin,Bob 119 Hamilton, Billy 30, 145, 150, 220 Hamilton, Josh 139 Hampton, Mike 108, 130 Haney, Fred 105 Hanlon, Ned 104 Hansen, Ron 117 Harder, Mel 34, 37, 38, 98, 125, 159, 165, 171, 175, 178 Hargrave, Bubbles 180 Hargrove, Mike 105, 118, 188 Harrah, Toby 136 Harrelson, Bud 112, 136, 210, 212 Harrelson, Ken 140 Harridge, William 8, 184 Harris, Bucky 28, 30, 51, 98, 105, 195, 197, 200 Hartnett, Gabby 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 121, 131, 150, 179, 181, 183, 184 Hatton, Grady 203, 204 Hearn, Jim 168 Hebner, Richie 203 Hegan, Jim 180 Heilmann, Harry 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 144, 149, 217, 221, 225, 226 Helms, Tommy 110, 118, 134, 196 Helton, Todd 109, 132, 155 Hemus, Solly 210 Henderson, Dave 220 Henderson, Rickey 3, 93, 112, 123, 137, 146, 154, 160, 217, 224, 225, 228 Hendrick, George 133, 140 Henke, Tom 166 Henrich, Tommy 41, 42, 98, 132, 218, 227, 229 Hentgen, Pat 116, 130 Herman, Babe 218 Herman, Billy 34, 38, 51, 98, 134, 150, 195, 197, 199, 200 Hernandez, Keith 80, 83, 99, 109, 122, 132, 150, 187, 190, 191, 193, 194 Hernandez, Willie 116, 123, 129, 168 Herr, Tom 134 Hershiser, Orel 89, 99, 108, 116, 129, 165, 173, 174, 177, 178 Herzog, Buck 196 Herzog, Whitey 104 Hickman, Jim 220 Higgins, Mike 135, 203 Higuera, Teddy 129 Hill, Aaron 134

Index Hiller, John 166 Hinchman, Bill 220 Hinske, Eric 119 Hisle, Larry 139 Hodges, Gil 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 83, 86, 88, 90, 93, 95, 97, 109, 125, 126, 187, 189, 191, 192, 194 Hollandsworth, Todd 119 Holliday, Matt 137 Holmes, Tommy 140, 219 Holtzman, Ken 129, 166 Honeycutt, Rick 168 Hooper, Harry 45, 145, 148, 218 Hooton, Bert 169 Horner, Bob 118 Hornsby, Rogers 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 105, 120, 133, 148, 154, 195, 196, 199 Horton, Willie 137, 141, 142, 219 Hough, Charlie 159, 167 Houk, Ralph 105 Houtteman, Art 167 Howard, Elston 52, 86, 98, 108, 122, 131, 180, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186 Howard, Frank 117, 137, 219 Howard, Ryan 119, 123, 133 Howe, Art 105 Howe, Steve 118 Hoyt, La Marr 116 Hoyt, Waite 25, 41, 98, 128, 159, 165, 170, 171, 175 Hrabosky, Al 169 Hrbek, Kent 188 Hubbard, Glenn 134 Hubbell, Carl 13, 17, 120, 127, 159, 164, 170, 173, 175 Hubbs, Ken 110, 118 Hudson, Orlando 110 Huff, Aubrey 141 Huggins, Miller 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 34, 35, 97, 104, 125, 195, 196, 197, 199 Hughson, Tex 128 Hundley, Randy 109 Hunt, Ron 134 Hunter, Jim 64, 66, 67, 116, 129, 164, 172, 176 Hunter, Torii 112, 138 Hurst, Bruce 169 Hutchinson, Fred 105, 165 Irwin, Charlie 203 Izturis, Cesar 112 Jackson, Danny 128 Jackson, Joe 219 Jackson, Reggie 73, 74, 102, 122, 139, 141, 147, 154, 160, 217, 224, 225, 228 Jackson, Sonny 210 Jackson, Travis 61, 136, 151, 209, 211 Jay, Joey 129 Jefferies, Gregg 188

Index Jenkins, Ferguson 69, 71, 115, 127, 158, 161, 164, 172, 176 Jennings, Hughie 5, 8, 11, 97, 104, 144, 151, 209, 210, 211, 214 Jennings, Jason 119 Jensen, Jackie 114, 122, 219 Jeter, Derek 111, 119, 136, 149, 153, 154 Jethroe, Sam 117 John, Tommy 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 97, 126, 129, 158, 164, 172, 173, 174, 177, 178 Johnson, Ban 6 Johnson, Billy 135 Johnson, Bob L. 156, 219 Johnson, Charles 108 Johnson, Davey 104, 110, 196 Johnson, Deron 135 Johnson, Howard 135 Johnson, Randy 115, 127, 156, 158 Johnson, Walter 4, 31, 120, 128, 157, 164, 169, 173, 174 Jones, Adam 113 Jones, Andruw 112, 138 Jones, Chipper 123, 134, 149, 155 Jones, Cleon 137 Jones, Doug 168 Jones, Fielder 104, 220 Jones, Randy 116, 127 Jones, Sad Sam 159 Jones, Sam “Toothpick” 129 Jordan, Buck 188 Jorgensen, Mike 188 Joss, Addie 8, 9, 55, 98, 143, 157, 165, 169, 174 Joyner, Wally 156 Judge, Joe 149, 187, 189 Jurges, Billy 210 Justice, David 119, 140, 221 Kaat, Jim 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 88, 90, 93, 95, 98, 107, 126, 127, 158, 164, 172, 173, 174, 176, 177, 178 Kaline, Al 57, 58, 114, 139, 146, 154, 217, 223, 227 Kamm, Willie 203 Karros, Eric 119, 133 Keefe, Tim 34, 35, 144, 157, 169 Keeler, Willie 5, 6, 8, 144, 149, 217, 221, 225 Kell, George 35, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 62, 97, 125, 134, 151, 202, 204, 206, 207 Keller, Charlie 218 Kelley, Joe 44, 145, 150, 220 Kelly, George 48, 144, 151, 187 Kelly, King 5, 11, 145, 151, 221 Kelly, Tom 105 Keltner, Ken 203 Kemp, Matt 113, 139 Kennedy, Terry 180 Kent, Jeff 123, 133, 148, 155

237

Kern, Jim 129 Kerr, Dickie 26, 99, 165, 170, 175, 178, 179 Kessinger, Don 111, 136, 210, 212 Key, Jimmy 127, 167 Kile, Darryl 166 Killebrew, Harmon 166, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 122, 133, 135, 137, 142, 150, 156, 187, 190, 191, 192 Killefer, Bill 180 Kinder, Ellis 128, 166 Kiner, Ralph 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 137, 151, 217, 222, 223, 227 Kingman, Dave 140, 141, 142, 219 Kittle, Ron 118 Klein, Chuck 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 34, 58, 98, 121, 125, 140, 151, 156, 217, 222, 226 Kling, Johnny 6, 99, 179, 181, 184, 185 Kluszewski, Ted 52, 53, 55, 57, 58, 59, 87, 98, 132, 187, 190, 191, 192, 194 Knabe, Otto 196 Knight, Ray 203 Knoblauch, Chuck 110, 119, 134, 196, 198, 199 Knoop, Bobby 110 Konerko, Paul 133 Konetchy, Ed 150 Konstanty, Jim 122, 128 Koosman, Jerry 159, 167 Koufax, Sandy 45, 46, 115, 122, 157, 164, 171, 176 Kremer, Ray 167 Kress, Red 210 Kruk, John 188 Krukow, Mike 169 Kubek, Tony 117, 136 Kuenn, Harvey 53, 55, 57, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 95, 97, 117, 126, 136, 217, 223, 224, 227, 229 Kuhel, Joe 149, 188 Kurowski, Whitey 135 Kuzava, Bob 167 Lajoie, Nap 4, 5, 144, 147, 195, 196, 199 Landis, Jim 113 Landis, Kenesaw 8, 9, 184 Lange, Bill 220 Langston, Mark 108 Lanier, Hal 210 Lansford, Carney 135, 203, 205 Larkin, Barry 111, 123, 135, 142, 149 Larsen, Don 52, 54, 57, 99, 165, 171, 172, 176, 178 LaRussa, Tony 104 Lary, Frank 108, 129 Lasorda, Tommy 104 Latham, Arlie 203 Lavagetto,Cookie 203 LaValliere, Mike 109, 131 Law, Vernon 115, 129, 166 Lazzeri, Tony 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 30, 72, 97, 125, 134, 151, 196, 197, 199, 200 Leach, Freddy 219

238

Index

Leach, Tommy 149, 220 Lee, Bill F. 167 Lee, Carlos 138 Lee, Cliff 116, 130 Lee, Derrek 109 Lee, Thornton 128 Leever, Sam 168 Lefebvre, Jim 118 Leiter, Al 130 Lemon, Bob 34, 38, 39, 41, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 127, 164, 171, 175, 176 Lemon, Chet 220 Leonard, Dennis 169 Leonard, Emil J. 166 Lewis, Darren 113 Lewis, Duffy 25, 99, 218, 222, 226, 229 Leyland, Jim 105 Lezcano, Sixto 114 Lidge, Brad 130 Lima, Jose 130 Lincecum, Tim 115, 128 Lind, Jose 110 Lindstrom, Freddie 52, 53, 135, 151, 203, 204, 206 Listach, Pat 119 Lobert, Hans 203 Lockman, Whitey 188 LoDuca, Paul 131 Lofton, Kenny 113, 149 Lolich, Mickey 64, 66, 68, 69, 70, 73, 74, 86, 89, 91, 95, 98, 126, 159, 165, 172, 176, 178 Lollar, Sherman 108, 131 Lombardi, Ernie 34, 37, 38, 66, 67, 98, 121, 144, 150, 179, 181, 183, 184, 185 Lonberg, Jim 115, 129, 167 Long, Herman 5, 210 Longoria, Evan 111, 119, 135 Lopat, Eddie 166 Lopes, Davy 110, 133, 196, 198 Lopez, Al 29, 34, 37, 38, 54, 55, 97, 104, 125, 179, 181, 183, 184, 185 Lopez, Felipe 137 Lopez, Javy 131 Loretta, Mark 134 Lowe, Bobby 196 Lowe, Derek 130 Lowell, Mike 111 Lowenstein, John 221 Lucas, Red 166 Ludwick, Ryan 140 Luque, Dolf 165 Luzinski, Greg 137, 141, 142, 220 Lyle, Sparky 69, 89, 91, 99, 116, 165, 172, 178 Lynn, Fred 113, 118, 122, 138, 218 Lyons, Ted 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 128, 159, 164, 170, 175 Mack, Connie 6, 105 Maddox, Garry 112 Maddux, Greg 107, 115, 127, 156, 157

Madlock, Bill 135, 203 Magee, Sherry 92, 150, 219 Maglie, Sal 128, 165 Maloney, Jim 168 Malzone, Frank 111, 135 Mancuso, Gus 180 Manning, Rick 113 Mantle, Mickey 49, 113, 120, 138, 148, 155, 217, 223, 227 Manush, Heinie 34, 36, 137, 150, 218 Maranville, Rabbit 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 144, 147, 209, 210, 211, 213, 214 Marberry, Firpo 166 Marichal, Juan 59, 60, 61, 127, 159, 161, 164, 172, 176 Marion, Marty 86, 88, 91, 95, 97, 121, 125, 136, 209, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216 Maris, Roger 49, 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 86, 88, 91, 95, 97, 114, 121, 124, 126, 140, 217, 223, 227, 229 Marquard, Rube 18, 25, 44, 98, 143, 157, 165, 170, 175 Marshall, Mike 87, 116, 166 Martin, Billy 104, 196 Martin, Morrie 167 Martin, Pepper 19, 98, 135, 218, 221, 226, 228 Martin, Russell 109, 131 Martinez, Dennis 158, 166 Martinez, Edgar 135, 141, 155 Martinez, Pedro 115, 127 Martinez, Tino 133 Matheny, Mike 108 Mathews, Eddie 49, 50, 52, 53, 134, 148, 155, 202, 204, 206, 207 Mathewson, Christy 4, 143, 158, 164, 169, 173, 174 Matlock, Jon 118 Matsui, Hideki 141 Matthews, Gary 118, 156 Mattingly, Don 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 91, 93, 94, 109, 123, 126, 132, 155, 187, 191, 192, 193, 194 Mauch, Gene 105 Mauer, Joe 109, 123, 131 Maxvill, Dal 112 May, Lee 133, 188 Mayberry, John 132 Mays, Carl 88, 91, 92, 166 Mays, Willie 56, 112, 117, 121, 138, 146, 154, 161, 217, 223, 227 Mazeroski, Bill 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 84, 96, 97, 110, 125, 133, 150, 195, 198, 199, 200 McAleer, Jimmy 106 McBride, Bake 118 McCann, Brian 131 McCarthy, Joe 104 McCarthy, Tommy 16, 145, 151, 221 McCarver, Tim 131, 179

Index McCormick, Frank 121, 132, 187 McCormick, Jim 159 McCormick, Mike 115, 129 McCovey, Willie 66, 117, 122, 132, 149, 155, 161, 187, 190, 191, 193 McDaniel, Lindy 167 McDougald, Gil 117, 136, 195 McDowell, Jack 116, 128, 167 McDowell, Sam 129 McGee, Willie 113, 123, 139, 149, 218 McGinnity, Joe 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 16, 98, 143, 165, 169, 170, 174, 175 McGraw, John 5, 6, 98, 104, 202, 203, 205, 206 McGraw, Tug 166 McGriff, Fred 132, 147, 151, 154 McGwire, Mark 90, 91, 93, 94, 109, 119, 126, 132, 187, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195 McInnis, Stuffy 149, 187, 189 McKechnie, Bill 104, 203, 204 McKeon, Jack 105 McLain, Denny 115, 122, 127, 167 McLean, Larry 180 McLouth, Nate 113 McMahon, Don 168 McManus, Marty 196 McMillan, Roy 111, 210 McNally, Dave 129, 166 McNamara, John 105 McPhee, Bid 83, 144, 149, 196 McRae, Hal 140 McReynolds, Kevin 138 McWilliams, Larry 129 Meadows, Lee 167 Medwick, Joe 27, 28, 30, 31, 34, 37, 38, 39, 121, 137, 150, 154, 217, 222, 227 Merritt, Jim 129 Messersmith, Andy 108, 129, 167 Metzger, Butch 118 Metzger, Roger 112 Meusel, Bob 86, 218 Mientkiewicz, Doug 109 Miksis, Eddie 196 Milan, Clyde 219 Millan, Felix 110, 196 Miller, Bing 219 Miller, Jake 167 Miller, Otto 180 Miller, Rick 113 Minoso, Minnie 66, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 86, 89, 91, 98, 112, 137, 218, 223, 224, 227, 228, 229 Mitchell, Kevin 123, 138, 220 Mize, Johnny 30, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 59, 60, 97, 125, 132, 151, 156, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192 Molina, Bengie 109 Molina, Yadier 109, 131 Molitor, Paul 87, 140, 146, 154, 202, 205, 206, 207 Monday, Rick 220

239

Mondesi, Raul 114, 119 Money, Don 203 Montanez, Willie 133 Montefusco, John 118 Montgomery, Jeff 168 Moon, Wally 112, 117, 219 Moore, Joe 219 Moore, Terry 39, 99, 218, 222, 227, 229 Mora, Melvin 135 Moran, Pat 180 Moreno, Omar 139 Morgan, Joe 70, 71, 110, 121, 133, 147, 154, 161, 195, 198, 199, 200 Morneau, Justin 123, 132 Morris, Hal 188 Morris, Jack 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 126, 129, 158, 164, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179 Morton, Carl 118 Moseby, Lloyd 139 Moses, Wally 219 Mostil, Johnny 138, 220 Mota, Manny 218 Moyer, Jamie 130, 158 Mueller, Bill 135 Mulcahy, Hugh 167 Mulder, Mark 130 Mullane, Tony 158 Mullin, George 159 Mungo, Van 167 Munson, Thurman 59, 87, 89, 91, 98, 108, 118, 122, 131, 179, 182, 183, 185, 186 Murcer, Bobby 114, 139, 219 Murphy, Dale 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 88, 89, 92, 93, 94, 113, 121, 126, 138, 155, 218, 224, 228, 229, 230 Murphy, Danny 196 Murphy, Dwayne 113, 139 Murray, Eddie 85, 109, 118, 132, 146, 154, 160, 187, 191, 193 Murray, Red 220 Murtaugh, Danny 104 Musial, Stan 40, 120, 132, 137, 142, 146, 153, 217, 222, 227 Mussina, Mike 108, 130, 158 Myer, Buddy 196 Myers, Randy 169 Nathan, Joe 130 Neagle, Denny 130 Neal, Charley 110 Nehf, Art 165 Nen, Robb 168 Nettles, Graig 111, 134, 149, 152, 155, 202, 205 Newcombe, Don 54, 55, 57, 58, 86, 89, 90, 98, 115, 117, 122, 127, 165, 171, 172, 176, 178 Newhouser, Hal 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 73, 97, 121, 125, 127, 164, 171, 174, 175 Newsom, Bobo 160, 165

240

Index

Nichols, Kid 19, 143, 158, 166 Nicholson, Bill 140, 220 Niekro, Joe 129, 159, 166 Niekro, Phil 74, 76, 77, 78, 108, 143, 158, 164, 172, 176, 177 Nokes, Matt 131 Nomo, Hideo 119 Norris, Mike 108 Northey, Ron 220 Northrup, Jim 220 Oates, Johnny 105 O’Doul, Lefty 28, 30, 91, 98, 137, 218, 222, 226, 229 Oescheger, Joe 167 O’Farrell, Bob 121, 131, 180 Oglivie, Ben 138 O’Leary, Charley 210 Olerud, John 109, 149, 155 Oliva, Tony 60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 86, 88, 90, 93, 95, 97, 114, 118, 126, 139, 217, 223, 224, 225, 227, 228, 229 Oliver, Al 91, 93, 133, 139, 148, 153, 154, 218 Olson, Gregg 119 O’Neill, Paul 155, 219 O’Neill, Steve 104, 179 Ordonez, Magglio 140 Ordonez, Rey 111 Orosco, Jesse 169 O’Rourke, Jim 12, 145, 150, 221 Ortiz, David 141 Osteen, Claude 167 Otis, Amos 113, 139 Ott, Mel 19, 20, 21, 139, 146, 154, 217, 221, 225, 226 Owen, Mickey 131 Pafko, Andy 138, 219 Page, Joe 128 Pagnozzi, Tom 108 Paige, Satchel 168 Palmeiro, Rafael 109, 132, 146, 151, 152, 153, 154 Palmer, Dean 135 Palmer, Jim 70, 71, 108, 115, 127, 158, 163, 172, 176 Pappas, Milt 166 Parker, Dave 78, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 114, 122, 126, 139, 141, 142, 147, 152, 152, 154, 218, 224, 228, 229, 230 Parker, Wes 109 Parnell, Mel 128 Parrish, Lance 108, 131, 180, 183 Parrish, Larry 203 Pascual, Camilo 167 Paskert, Dode 220 Pearson, Albie 117, 139 Pearson, Monte 168 Peavy, Jake 116, 130

Peckinpaugh, Roger 121, 210 Pedroia, Dustin 110, 119, 123, 134 Peitz, Heine 180 Pena, Carlos 109, 133 Pena, Tony 108, 131, 180, 183 Pendleton, Terry 111, 123, 135, 203, 205 Pennock, Herb 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 17, 18, 128, 159, 164, 169, 170, 174, 175 Pepitone, Joe 109, 132 Perdue, Hub 168 Perez, Neifi 112 Perez, Tony 72, 73, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 133, 135, 142, 147, 154, 160, 187, 190, 191, 193 Perkins, Cy 180 Perranoski, Ron 166 Perry, Gaylord 69, 71, 115, 127, 158, 164, 172, 176 Perry, Jim 115, 129, 160, 166 Pesky, Johnny 136, 210 Peters, Gary 118, 127 Petrocelli, Rico 136, 210 Pettis, Gary 113 Pettitte, Andy 128 Phillippe, Deacon 167 Phillips, Brandon 110 Phillips, Tony 221 Piazza, Mike 119, 130, 142, 155 Pierce, Billy 127, 160, 166 Piersall, Jimmy 113 Piniella, Lou 105, 118, 220 Pinson, Vada 66, 68, 69, 75, 77, 86, 88, 91, 93, 98, 113, 147, 152, 153, 154, 218, 223, 224, 228, 229 Pipp, Wally 188 Plank, Eddie 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 16, 98, 143, 158, 165, 169, 170, 174 Podres, Johnny 167 Polanco, Placido 110, 134 Porter, Darrell 131 Porterfield, Bob 128, 168 Posada, Jorge 130 Powell, Boog 122, 132, 188 Powell, Jack 158 Power, Vic 109, 188 Pruett, Hub 167 Puckett, Kirby 83, 113, 138, 150, 155, 160, 217, 224, 225, 228 Puhl, Terry 220 Pujols, Albert 109, 119, 120, 124, 132, 138, 142 Purkey, Bob 129 Quentin, Carlos 138 Quinn, Jack 159, 165 Quisenberry, Dan 165 Radbourn, Hoss 5, 8, 144, 158, 169 Rader, Doug 111 Raines, Tim 91, 93, 94, 126, 137, 147, 152, 153, 218, 224, 228, 230 Ramirez, Hanley 119, 136

Index Ramirez, Manny 139, 141, 142, 148, 154 Randolph, Willie 133, 149, 195, 198 Raschi, Vic 51, 99, 128, 165, 171, 176, 178 Ray, Johnny 134 Raymond, Bugs 168 Reardon, Jeff 165 Reese, PeeWee 1, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 63, 75, 101, 125, 136, 149, 209, 211, 212, 213, 214 Reese, Pokey 110 Reiser, Pete 138, 218 Reitz, Ken 111 Remy, Jerry 196 Renteria, Edgar 112, 136 Rettenmund, Merv 140 Reuschel, Rick 108, 129, 160, 168 Reuss, Jerry 159, 168 Reyes, Jose 137 Reynolds, Allie 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 86, 92, 95, 125, 127, 164, 171, 174, 175, 176, 178 Reynolds, Harold 110 Reynolds, Mark 135 Rice, Del 180 Rice, Jim 3, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, 91, 93, 122, 137, 149, 155, 160, 217, 224, 225, 228 Rice, Sam 25, 32, 97, 125, 145, 147, 217, 222, 226 Richard, J.R. 166 Richards, Paul 105, 131 Richardson, Bobby 110, 133, 195 Rickey, Branch 105, 180 Riggleman, Jim 106 Righetti, Dave 118, 168 Rigney, Bill 105 Rijo, Jose 130, 169 Ring, Jimmy 167 Ripken, Cal 90, 111, 118, 121, 135, 146, 154, 209, 213, 215 Ritchey, Claude 196 Rivera, Mariano 128 Rivers, Mickey 139, 220 Rixey, Eppa 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 97, 125, 143, 158, 164, 170, 171, 175 Rizzuto, Phil 1, 31, 34, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 75, 97, 101, 122, 125, 136, 151, 209, 211, 212, 213, 214 Roberts, Brian 134 Roberts, Robin 48, 49, 50, 52, 127, 158, 164, 171, 176 Robertson, Dave 220 Robinson, Aaron 131 Robinson, Brooks 61, 110, 122, 134, 146, 154, 202, 205, 206, 207 Robinson, Frank 60, 105, 107, 114, 117, 121, 139, 146, 154, 161, 217, 223, 227 Robinson, Jackie 31, 117, 122, 133, 146, 151, 160, 161, 195, 197, 199, 200 Robinson, Wilbert 8, 9, 10, 12, 97, 105, 124, 179, 181, 183, 184

241

Rodgers, Buck 105 Rodriguez, Alex 111, 120, 124, 135, 136, 142, 153, 154 Rodriguez, Aurelio 111 Rodriguez, Francisco 130 Rodriguez, Ivan 108, 123, 130, 142, 147, 153, 154 Roe, Preacher 128, 167 Rogers, Kenny 108, 159 Rogers, Steve 129 Rojas, Cookie 134 Rolen, Scott 110, 119, 135 Rolfe, Red 134, 202, 204 Rollins, Jimmy 111, 123 Rommel, Ed 128, 165 Root, Charley 128, 166 Rose, Pete 112, 118, 122, 133, 135, 137, 142, 143, 146, 151, 152, 153 Roseboro, John 108 Rosen, Al 122, 135 Rosen, Goody 139 Roush, Edd 18, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 32, 97, 125, 145, 150, 217, 221, 222, 226 Rowand, Aaron 113, 139 Rowe, Schoolboy 128, 165 Rucker, Nap 165 Rudi, Joe 112, 137 Rudolph, Dick 168 Ruel, Muddy 179, 181 Ruffing, Red 19, 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 34, 36, 37, 38, 127, 158, 164, 170, 171, 175, 222 Rusie, Amos 5, 54, 143, 159, 166 Russell, Bill 136, 21, 212 Ruth, Babe 4, 36, 121, 139, 148, 154, 217, 221, 224, 225 Ryan, Jimmy 153 Ryan, Nolan 74, 81, 129, 156, 157, 163, 173, 174, 177 Sabathia, C.C. 116, 130 Saberhagen, Brett 108, 115, 127, 166 Sabo, Chris 119 Sadecki, Ray 168 Sain, Johnny 48, 49, 50, 95, 97, 128, 164, 171, 176, 178 Salmon, Tim 119, 140 Samuel, Juan 134, 196, 198 Sandberg, Ryne 85, 86, 87, 88, 110, 123, 133, 149, 155, 195, 198, 199, 200 Sanders, Ray 132 Sanders, Reggie 140 Sanford, Jack 117 Sanguillen, Manny 131, 180 Santana, Johan 108, 115, 128 Santiago, Benito 108, 119, 131 Santo, Ron 65, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 86, 88, 90, 93, 95, 97, 111, 126, 134, 148, 155, 202, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209 Sasaki, Kazuhiro 119 Sauer, Hank 122, 137, 219

242

Index

Sax, Steve 118, 134, 196, 198 Schaefer, Germany 196 Schalk, Ray 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 14, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 97, 125, 144, 151, 179, 181, 183, 184 Schang, Wally 179 Scheinblum, Richie 140 Schilling, Curt 128, 160 Schmelz, Gus 105 Schmidt, Jason 130 Schmidt, Mike 75, 76, 102, 110, 120, 134, 149, 155, 202, 205, 206, 207 Schoendienst, Red 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 70, 97, 105, 125, 133, 148, 195, 197, 198, 199, 200 Schourek, Pete 130 Schreck, Ossee 180 Schulte, Frank 121, 220 Schumacher, Hal 165 Schwall, Don 118 Scioscia, Mike 104, 131 Score, Herb 117 Scott, Everett 209 Scott, George 109, 188 Scott, Jack 168 Scott, Mike 116, 127, 168 Seaver, Tom 72, 73, 115, 118, 127, 158, 163, 172, 176 Selee, Frank 104 Selkirk, George 219 Severeid, Hank 180 Sewell, Joe 54, 136, 150, 209, 211 Sewell, Luke 105, 180 Sewell, Rip 128, 167 Seymour, Cy 220 Shantz, Bobby 108, 122, 128, 166 Sheckard, Jimmy 220 Sheffield, Gary 135, 140, 142, 147, 152, 153, 154 Sherdel, Bill 167 Shocker, Urban 166 Short, Chris 169 Shotton, Burt 105 Showalter, Buck 105 Siebern, Norm 112, 132 Siebert, Sonny 169 Sierra, Ruben 140, 149, 155 Sievers, Roy 117, 188 Simmons, Al 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 137, 148, 154, 217, 221, 222, 225, 226 Simmons, Curt 166 Simmons, Ted 131, 147, 152, 154, 180 Singleton, Ken 140, 156 Sisler, George 4, 5, 6, 7, 121, 144, 150, 187, 188, 192 Sisti, Sibby 196 Sizemore, Grady 113, 139 Sizemore, Ted 118 Skowron, Bill 132 Slaughter, Enos 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 65, 97, 125, 140, 148, 217, 222, 223, 227

Smalley, Roy, Jr. 136 Smalley, Roy, Sr. 210 Smith, Earl 180 Smith, Lee 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 126, 164, 173, 174, 177, 178, 179 Smith, Lonnie 138, 220 Smith, Ozzie 84, 85, 111, 136, 147, 160, 209, 213, 215 Smith, Reggie 114, 140, 156, 219 Smith, Sherry 167 Smith, Zane 129 Smoltz, John 116, 130, 160 Snider, Duke 42, 44, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 138, 151, 155, 217, 22, 223, 227 Snow, J.T. 109 Soriano, Alfonso 134, 138, 142 Sosa, Sammy 123, 139, 148, 155 Soto, Geovany 119, 131 Southworth, Billy 104, 218 Spahn, Warren 47, 48, 115, 127, 157, 164, 171, 176 Sparks, Tully 167 Speaker, Tris 4, 5, 121, 144, 146, 217, 221, 225 Speier, Chris 136, 210, 212 Spencer, Jim 109 Squires, Mike 109 Stahl, Jake 188 Stallings, George 105 Stanky, Eddie 195 Stanley, Mickey 113, 220 Stanley, Mike 131 Stargell, Willie 68, 122, 133, 137, 142, 149, 155, 161, 217, 223, 225, 228 Staub, Rusty 141, 147, 151, 152, 153, 154, 218 Steinbach, Terry 180, 183, 184 Steinfeldt, Harry 203 Stengel, Casey 22, 23, 37, 98, 105, 218, 221, 222, 226 Stephens, Vern 92 Stephenson, Riggs 219 Stewart, Dave 129, 165 Stieb, Dave 129, 166 Stirnweiss, George 134 Stone, Steve 116, 129 Stottlemyre, Mel 129, 167 Stottlemyre, Todd 169 Strawberry, Darryl 118, 140, 219 Street, Gabby 180 Street, Huston 119 Stuart, Dick 132 Suhr, Gus 188 Sukeforth, Clyde 180 Sullivan, Billy, Sr. 180 Sundberg, Jim 108, 131, 180 Surhoff, B.J. 148 Sutcliffe, Rick 116, 118, 127, 166 Sutter, Bruce 74, 75, 76, 77, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, 116, 144, 157, 164, 172, 173, 174, 177

Index Sutton, Don 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 129, 157, 164, 172, 174, 177 Suzuki, Ichiro 114, 119, 123, 139 Sweeney, Bill 196 Tanana, Frank 127, 159 Tannehill, Jesse 167 Tanner, Chuck 105 Tartabull, Danny 221 Tebbetts, Birdie 105, 131, 180 Tebeau, Patsy 104 Teixeira, Mark 109, 132 Tejada, Miguel 123, 137, 155 Tekulve, Kent 166 Templeton, Garry 136, 210, 212 Tenace, Gene 180 Tenney, Fred 187 Terry, Bill 9, 10, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 104, 132, 150, 187, 188, 189, 192 Terry, Ralph 129 Tettleton, Mickey 131 Thevenow, Tommy 210 Thomas, Frank 135 Thomas, Frank E. 121, 124, 142, 132, 141, 148, 154 Thomas, Gorman 139 Thomas, Ira 180 Thome, Jim 133, 135, 142, 149, 155 Thompson, Robby 110, 134 Thompson, Sam 49, 145, 151, 221 Thomson, Bobby 218 Thon, Dickie 136 Thornton, Andre 188 Thurmond, Mark 129 Tiant, Luis 68, 70, 73, 74, 77, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 85, 88, 91, 93, 95, 98, 126, 159, 164, 172, 173, 176, 177, 178 Tinker, Joe 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, 98, 101, 144, 151, 209, 210, 211, 213, 214 Tobin, Jim 167 Tolan, Bobby 139 Toney, Fred 167 Torborg, Jeff 105 Torgeson, Earl 188 Torre, Joe 63, 86, 90, 93, 98, 104, 109, 122, 126, 131, 135, 142, 148, 155, 179, 182, 183, 185, 186 Torrez, Mike 169 Trammell, Alan 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 94, 111, 126, 136, 148, 209, 213, 215, 216 Travis, Cecil 91, 136 Traynor, Pie 10, 13, 17, 18, 134, 150, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206 Tresh, Tom 112, 118, 136 Trillo, Manny 110, 133 Trout, Dizzy 128, 168 Trucks, Virgil 166 Tudor, John 129, 168 Turley, Bob 115, 128 Turner, Jim 167 Turner, Terry 210

243

Uhle, George 128, 166 Utley, Chase 133 Valentine, Bobby 105 Valentine, Ellis 114, 221 Valenzuela, Fernando 108, 116, 118, 127, 165 Valo, Elmer 219 Valverde, Jose 130 Vance, Dazzy 9, 14, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 121, 128, 157, 164, 169, 170, 175 Vandermeer, Johnny 170, 175, 176 Van Slyke, Andy 113, 138 Varitek, Jason 109, 131 Vaughan, Arky 37, 38, 39, 65, 98, 125, 136, 151, 209, 211, 214 Vaughn, Greg 138 Vaughn, Mo 123, 133, 188 Veach, Bobby 220 Ventura, Robin 110 Verlander, Justin 119 Vernon, Mickey 52, 53, 55, 56, 58, 91, 92, 98, 132, 147, 152, 187, 189, 190, 191, 192, 194 Versalles, Zoilo 111, 122, 136 Victorino, Shane 113 Vina, Fernando 110 Viola, Frank 116, 128, 168 Virdon, Bill 105, 113, 117, 219 Vizquel, Omar 111, 147, 152, 153 Vuckovich, Pete 116 Waddell, Rube 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 170, 15, 97, 124, 143, 157, 164, 169, 174 Wagner, Honus 4, 5, 36, 84, 144, 146, 209, 210, 213, 214 Wagner, Leon 137 Wainwright, Adam 108 Wakefield, Dick 137 Walberg, Rube 168 Walker, Dixie 140, 218 Walker, Harry 220 Walker, Larry 114, 123, 140, 155 Wallace, Bobby 23, 24, 144, 148, 210 Wallach, Tim 111, 135, 156, 203, 205 Walsh, Ed 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 170, 15, 97, 124, 143, 157, 164, 169, 174 Walters, Bucky 28, 34, 37, 38, 39, 92, 98, 121, 127, 165, 170, 171, 175, 176, 178 Walton, Jerome 119 Wambsganns, Bill 195, 197 Waner, Lloyd 28, 34, 38, 98, 145, 150, 218, 222, 226 Waner, Paul 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 121, 139, 146, 217, 221, 225, 226 Ward, Monte 34, 35, 144, 150, 210 Warneke, Lon 128, 165 Watson, Bob 188 Weaver, Earl 104 Webb, Brandon 116 Weiss, Walt 119, 210 Welch, Bob 116, 130, 169

244

Index

Welch, Mickey 48, 144, 158, 169 Wells, David 128, 159 Wells, Vernon 113, 138 Werber, Billy 203 Werth, Jayson 140 Wertz, Vic 219 West, Sammy 219 Westrum, Wes 180 Wetteland, John 167 Weyhing, Gus 158 Wheat, Zack 18, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 28, 98, 145, 147, 218, 221, 222, 226 Whitaker, Lou 110, 118, 134, 148, 155, 195, 198 White, Bill 109, 132, 187 White, Deacon 92 White, Devon 112 White, Frank 110, 134, 195, 198, 199 Whitehead, Burgess 196 Whitehill, Earl 159, 166 Whitfield, Fred 132 Whitt, Ernie 131 Wilhelm, Hoyt 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 143, 157, 164, 171, 172, 176 Williams, Bernie 113, 138, 150, 155 Williams, Billy 60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 67, 117, 137, 147, 154, 161, 217, 223, 227 Williams, Cy 218 Williams, Dick 105 Williams, Earl 118 Williams, Jimy 104 Williams, Ken 86, 220 Williams, Matt 111, 134, 203, 205 Williams, Ted 36, 121, 137, 149, 154, 217, 222, 225, 227 Williamson, Scott 119 Willis, Dontrelle 119 Willis, Vic 76, 77, 144, 159, 169 Wills, Maury 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64, 66, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 86, 88, 90, 93, 95, 97, 111, 122, 125, 136, 209, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216 Wilson, Earl 127 Wilson, Hack 23, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 57, 97, 125, 138, 151, 217, 221, 222, 226 Wilson, Jimmie 179, 181

Wilson, Willie 113, 149,219 Wine, Bobby 112 Winfield, Dave 83, 114, 139, 146, 154, 160, 217, 224, 225, 228 Witt, Whitey 219 Wolf, Randy 130 Wood, Joe 18, 89, 98, 165, 170, 175, 177, 179 Wood, Kerry 119 Wood, Wilbur 129, 165 Worrell, Todd 119 Wright, David 111, 135 Wright, George 6 Wright, Glenn 136, 209, 211 Wright, Harry 104, 136, 209, 211 Wyatt, Whitlow 128, 168 Wynn, Early 40,42, 43, 46, 115, 128, 158, 164, 171, 176 Wynn, Jimmy 138 Yastrzemski, Carl 69, 112, 122, 137, 146, 153, 217, 223, 225, 228 Yeager, Steve 180 Yerkes, Steve 196 York, Rudy 132, 187, 189 Youkillis, Kevin 109 Young, Cy vii, 1, 2, 4, 5, 31, 87, 115, 117, 143, 157, 164, 169, 173, 174 Young, Eric 134 Young, Michael 112, 137 Young, Pep 196 Youngs, Ross 7, 8, 9, 14, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 46, 47, 98, 145, 151, 218, 221, 222, 225, 226 Yount, Robin 81, 112, 121, 136, 139, 142, 146, 154, 209, 212, 213, 215 Zachary, Tom 168 Zachry, Pat 118 Zahn, Geoff 129 Zeile, Todd 156 Zimmer, Chief 180 Zimmer, Don 105 Zimmerman, Ryan 111 Zisk, Richie 140, 141, 142 Zito, Barry 116, 130