Compendium of Lecture Notes in Climatology for Class IV Meteorological Personnel

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TABLE OF CCIiTMTS P.e

iíl

Foroword

Prefaoe

V

Choptar IMTRODUCTIQ~ TO cLm~roLcGy

1 1.1 1.1.1 1.1.2

1.1.3 1.1.4

1.2

1.3 1.4

Definitiair of Bnrio Terma and Bonoopte The Conoepte of Weathtm and Climate The Science of Clímatology C l i r o t l o Elementr ciiiurtic motor. Weather V a r i a b i l i t y and C l i i i u t o l o g i c a l Becordr A b r í e f Hintory of M o d e r n Climatoiogg AppliOatiaplE d C l i i P r t O l o g i C ~ lBeCordE CLIHATIC PEOCESSES AHD CWl'ROLS

11 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2-5 2.6 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.3 2.6.4 2.6.5 2.7

3.1 3.2

3.2.1 3.2.2

3.2.3 3-2.4 3.3 3.3-1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4

3.4*

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Heat Tranrfor and C l i i o t e The P h y h x i of Heat Trrnrfer The ihergy Badgbt Conoopt b o r g y E q u i l i b r i a and Atmoepheric V a r i a b i l i t y Soaler of Time and Speoe The Phyaioal Bolo oí Climatic Factor8 m e Bolo of L a t i t u d e Tbo Bolo of Lmd Compred with Water Tho Bolo of Dietanoe from a Shoreline The Bolo of Topography

The Bolo of A l t i t u d e Caicluding Remarki

TEE WORLD'S PATTEFM OF CLIHATES

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1

The Varioty of Climatos on W t h World D í a t r i b u t i u n of Average Valuee of B n r i c Climatic Elemen t e World D i e t r i b u t i w of I n e o l a t i o n World D i i t r í b u t i o n of Dry Bulb Temperatare World D i r t r i b u t i o n of P r e c i p i t a t i o n World D i r t r i b u t i o n of Sea Leve1 Praeeure World D i r t r i b u t i o n of Valuer of S y n t h e t i c Climatic Elemente World D i e t r i b u t i o n of t h e E a d i a t i o n a l i n d e x of Drynees World D i e t r i b u t i o n of t h e Length of t h e Froet-Free Seaeon The World D i e t r i b u t i o n of V a r i a b i l i t y in Aun1181 P r e c l p l ta t ion World D i e t r i b u t i o n of Storuinees Regional Climatology

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Chapt e r

3.401 3.4.2 3.54 3.5.1 3.5.2 3-5.3 3.6* 3.7*

P I t t a r n a of Annual Preoipitatlon in the S t a t e of Washingtai The Cmset of the Monsoai of India and Pakiatan Spnoptlc, Dpnamio, and aiergg Budget Climrtolbgy

Synoptio C l i u t o l o g y DJnripic ClimatoloSg ibergg Budget CliPretology The Claeeíiioatían of Climatos C l i i a t i c change APPLIED C L ~ O L W Y

Iv 4.1 4.2 4.2-1 4.2.2 4.2-3 4-2-4 4.2.5 4.3 4.4

Climate urd the Wairm of M o n Potantial Applioatiaim of Cliiatology An B n a p l e of ApplioatiaDl in &rioultmO An i k a ~ ~ p of l e Applícatian in b u f a c t e i n g An h p l e of Applioatiaa in Legal Affairs An Example of Applioatiar in Sport An I a u p l e of Appiíoation in Soience h i s t i n g Applications of Clímatologp Conolpding Bemarkm

METñoDS OP CLIMATOLWICAL AUALYSIS

V

5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5* 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3* 5.6.4* 5.7 5.7.1* 5.7.2+ 5.7.3* 5.7.4 5.8* 5.9, 5.1W 5.10.1 5.10.2 5.10.3 5.11* 5.11.1 5.11.2 5.11.3 5.11.4 5.11.5 5.11.6 5.12

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Pnrpomes of Clii.tologlcal Anauiii Kind8 of Methodi in C l h 8 t O l ~ i 0 8 1h l 8 u E i i i C l a s m i f i c r t i a i of C l i m a t i c Variablem

Populatfaam urd Suple. m u o n c y Dimtributiarm Domcriptive Statimticm X w s u r e i of Central Tendenoy M . r 8 u r u of Di8p.rmian Two Bulem of S u p l h g Irrnaforntiaii Robability D.f initimm 'iwo Ruiem of Probability IEirPd0m.i. Freaimiai verium Aaceaoy Functiaial Relatiaaship Corr.latiai S p o O i 8 1 Ilmerioal Methodm E m t i u t i m of M í m i i n g Obsemtionr in a Serie. Rmming 1 I s . n m Contingenoy Tablem S p . O i 8 1 Gr8phIcal Method8 S p t i r l smoothing C l i i o g r a m m urd ñythergrapha Scrtterg8ms Probabilities from RCP D i y F l r m s Wind Roses Besulfrnt Yindm .nd T r a j e c t o r l e i Computing and Qmputere in ClimPtology

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