Cold Fusion - Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science 978-0-12-815944-6

Table of contents :
A - front-matter-2020......Page 1
Front Matter......Page 2
Copyright......Page 3
Dedication......Page 4
Content 1......Page 5
Content 2......Page 6
Content 3......Page 7
Content 4......Page 8
Content 5......Page 9
Content 6......Page 10
Content 7......Page 11
Content 8......Page 12
Content 9......Page 13
Contributors......Page 14
Preface......Page 16
First set of heat and helium measurements (1990)......Page 18
Analysis of the first set of helium measurements......Page 20
Experimental measurement of He-4 diffusion into glass flasks......Page 22
Second set of helium measurements (1991-92)......Page 23
Analysis of the third set of helium measurements (1993-94)......Page 25
Discussion of China Lake heat and He-4 results......Page 26
Related research by other laboratories......Page 27
References......Page 28
Heat......Page 31
Tritium......Page 37
Energetic particles......Page 39
γ-/X-Ray emissions......Page 42
Transmutation......Page 44
Conclusions......Page 46
References......Page 47
Variability......Page 51
Electrochemistry......Page 52
Surface structure......Page 53
Progress......Page 54
High reproducibility excess heat at SRI......Page 55
References......Page 67
Introduction: Choosing an isoperibolic calorimeter......Page 69
Applications to cold fusion experiments......Page 70
More about the lower bound heat transfer coefficient......Page 71
The neglected PG and PW terms......Page 72
The straight-line method......Page 73
Radiative heat transfer coefficient......Page 74
Cell cooling experiments......Page 75
Additional calorimetric topics......Page 76
Calorimetric results from CalTech, MIT, and Harwell......Page 77
Appendix......Page 78
References......Page 80
Introduction......Page 82
Electrolyte and experimental cell......Page 83
The working-electrode and counter-electrode configuration......Page 84
Microstructure of thick Pd rod and dilation under long-term electrolysis-Exp. 1......Page 85
SEM views of the electrode surface......Page 86
Nuclear reaction cycle model......Page 89
Microstructural change of a Pd rod during repeated cathodic and anodic electrolysis in glycerin-phosphoric acid: First abso .........Page 91
Results and discussion......Page 92
Microstructure of the α+β phase coexistence region characterized from in situ small punch test and the knowledge of hydroge .........Page 95
Coincidence of two hydrogen states with the characteristic hydrogen states: Defects induced by the interaction of hydrogen .........Page 96
Two types of H electrode characterized above Vmin......Page 97
Summary and suggestion......Page 98
References......Page 99
Fralick......Page 101
Biberian......Page 102
Iwamura......Page 103
Piantelli......Page 104
Aratas double cathode......Page 105
NEDO......Page 107
Mizuno......Page 108
Conclusion......Page 109
References......Page 110
Historical background......Page 111
Gas-phase experiments......Page 113
Experiments with nickel alloys......Page 114
Observation of thermionic-like behavior......Page 115
Effect of gas mixtures......Page 116
Recent improvements in reactor design and AHE control......Page 117
References......Page 120
Insulated box......Page 124
Blower......Page 125
Measurement and data acquisition......Page 127
Relationship between blower input and airflow velocity......Page 129
Relationship between blower input and air outlet temperature......Page 132
Introduction......Page 138
Reactor......Page 139
Activation......Page 140
Plasma deposition process......Page 143
Excess heat generation......Page 144
Details of excess heat generation tests with various gas pressure, input power, and output/input ratios......Page 145
Control of reactor temperature and variation of the output/input ratio......Page 147
Change in temperature settings of reactor and internal heater......Page 148
Excess heat example......Page 150
Material......Page 154
Results......Page 155
Temperature dependence for excesses heat generation......Page 160
Summary......Page 162
References......Page 164
Introduction......Page 166
Experiment......Page 167
Results and discussion......Page 169
Concluding remarks......Page 172
Acknowledgment......Page 173
References......Page 174
Introduction......Page 175
Screening energy and nuclear reaction cross section......Page 176
Experimental procedure......Page 177
Screening energy for d+d reaction in metals......Page 178
Screening energy for Li+d reaction in solid and liquid metal Li......Page 182
Temperature dependence of Us in liquid Li......Page 185
CCM of d+d reaction induced by molecular beam......Page 187
Summary......Page 193
References......Page 194
Introduction......Page 196
Experimental method and results......Page 198
Discussion......Page 203
References......Page 208
Introduction......Page 210
Biophysical aspects of transmutation process......Page 212
Nuclear reactions with participation of light and middle mass isotopes in pure microbiological cultures......Page 213
Transmutation of stable isotopes in microbe syntrophin associations......Page 218
Experiments on transmutation of radioactive isotopes and reactor waste in microbiological systems......Page 222
Experiments on utilization of the reactor Ba140 isotope by anaerobic syntrophic association......Page 223
Experiments on accelerated deactivation and transmutation of long-lived reactor Cs137 isotope in growing anaerobic microbe .........Page 224
LENR experiments with radioactive Cs137 isotope and aerobic microbe syntrophic association......Page 228
Physical foundation of biological transmutation......Page 230
Conclusion......Page 231
Acknowledgments......Page 232
References......Page 233
Introduction and background......Page 237
General remarks on experimental methodology......Page 239
Patterson power cell and transmutation product measurements by Miley et al.......Page 240
Lugano report and Parkhomov replications......Page 243
Iwamuras deuterium gas permeation experiments......Page 245
Glow discharge studies......Page 246
Edward Eskos ``cool fusion´´......Page 248
Carbon Arc experiments......Page 250
Nano-dust fusion transmutation......Page 253
Transmutation on an industrial scale......Page 255
Alchemy: Myth or science?......Page 258
Alchemical synthesis of silver from silicon (Peter Grandics)......Page 259
Alchemical experiments at Texas A&M University......Page 260
Indian alchemical texts......Page 261
Concluding remarks......Page 263
References......Page 264
Introduction......Page 267
Experimental studies......Page 268
Cold fusion......Page 270
Model of the LENR process......Page 274
Conclusion......Page 275
References......Page 276
Introduction......Page 285
Phonon-nuclear coupling......Page 286
Finite basis Hamiltonians......Page 287
Phonon-mediated nuclear excitation transfer......Page 289
Applications for phonon-mediated nuclear excitation transfer......Page 290
Up-conversion and down-conversion......Page 292
Subdivision and down-conversion......Page 295
Other nuclear effects......Page 296
Active sites......Page 297
Conclusion......Page 298
References......Page 299
Interest of the electron deep orbits (EDOs) for the low-energy-nuclear reaction (LENR)......Page 303
Arguments against the EDO states and possible solutions......Page 304
The anomalous solutions of the Dirac equation......Page 307
The deep orbits, as solutions of the Dirac equation with a corrected potential for a nucleus of finite size......Page 309
Ansatz used for finding the ``inside´´ solutions and continuity conditions......Page 310
Computation process for orbital mean radii......Page 311
Results obtained from parameters near those of Maly and Vavra......Page 312
Varying the parameters......Page 313
The lack of dependence of the inside solutions on the nuclear charge potential, and the coherence of the values of energies......Page 314
The discontinuity of the derivative of solutions......Page 315
Involvement of special relativity in the EDOs......Page 316
Comparing the relativistic and the nonrelativistic versions of the Schrödinger equation......Page 317
Study of the magnetic interactions near the nucleus......Page 318
Interactions involving only the electron spin......Page 319
Magnetic interactions involving the nuclear spin......Page 320
Works of Barut, as a source of the V-B model......Page 321
Vigier-Barut model, and related works......Page 322
The effective potential Veff is strong enough to confine electrons in deep orbits......Page 324
Question about the stability of the EDOs......Page 325
Potential energy terms for expecting a resonance. Seeking local energy minimum......Page 326
Conclusions, question, and perspectives......Page 327
References......Page 330
Introduction......Page 334
Generation of ``giant´´ energy fluctuations and increase of barrier transparency......Page 335
Anomalous features and the mechanism of LENR ``natural selection´´ based on CCS......Page 341
Methods of CCS formation in realistic physical, biological, and geological systems......Page 346
Formation of CCS for periodical modulation of harmonic oscillator parameters......Page 348
Experiments on LENR stimulation at resonant action on the active medium......Page 350
CCS formation at limited increase of parabolic potential well width......Page 358
CCS formation at limited decrease of a width of parabolic potential well......Page 359
Formation of CCS at pulse modulation of potential well parameters......Page 361
The influence of damping and random force on CCS formation......Page 365
References......Page 368
C......Page 371
E......Page 372
F......Page 373
L......Page 374
P......Page 375
S......Page 376
X......Page 377

Citation preview

Cold Fusion

Cold Fusion Advances in Condensed Matter Nuclear Science

Edited by

Jean-Paul Biberian Honorary Professor Department of Physics University of Aix-Marseille—Marseille France

Elsevier Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom 50 Hampshire Street, 5th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-12-815944-6

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This book is dedicated to Stanley Pons from the University of Utah, and the late Professor Martin Fleischmann from the University of Southampton. They are great scientists. They risked their careers and fame to announce their discovery of Cold Fusion, as it was known then. They are heroes who deserve our gratitude. They opened a new field in science, the Condensed Matter Nuclear Science, which changed the face of not only science, but in the future, it may change our entire technological civilization. This planet is in great danger because of climate change, the energy supply, and a lack of clean water; and this new science will be part of the solution. This book is also dedicated to the hundreds of scientists, engineers, self-made men and women from all over the world who have spent their time, effort, and money to replicate, study, improve, and commercialize this discovery.

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