Chinese Festivals in Hong Kong [First ed.] 9622173047

Table of contents :
Front Cover
Festival Calendar
Half Title Page
Festival Map
Contents
Preface
Introduction
Hong Kong as a Centre of Chinese Festival Traditions
Who Takes Part?
Two final notes for would-be festival watchers
Note on spelling of Chinese words
Some aids to pronunciation
Moon Twelve
The Month of Preparation
Domestic Preparations
Day 24 The Kitchen God Visits Heaven
Paying Debts
Lucky Papers at the Door
The Flower Markets
Moon One
Day 1 New Year’s Day
Cosmic and Personal Renewal
Days 2 and 3 The God of Wealth and the Birthday of Ch'e Kung
Establishing the Fortune of the Year
Day 15 Yuen Siu, The Lantern Festival
The End of the New Year Holiday
Moon Two
Day 2 Birthday of T'o Tei Kung
A God for Every Place
Day 13 Birthday of Hung Shing Kung
Patron of Seafarers
A Typical ‘ Birthday’ Festival: Hung Shing Kung on Kau Sai Island
Propitiation and Purification
Presentation of Offerings
Distribution
Moon Three
Ch'ing Ming
Day 3 Birthday of Pak Tai
A Legendary Hero
Day 23 Birthday of T’in Hau
Miss Lin the Fisherman’s Daughter
Her Canonisation
Moon Four
Day 8 Birthday of the Lord Buddha
The Founder of Buddhism
Buddhist Institutions and Ceremonial Activities
Day 8 Birthday of T’am Kung
Insurance against Fire, Flood and Tempest
Day varies: Cheung Chau Bun Festival
Mountains of Buns
Processions Galore
Moon Five
Day 5 Dragon Boat Races
Chinese Dragons
The Boats
Legendary History
A Widespread Southeast Asian Custom?
The Benevolent Power of Chinese Dragons and the Dangerous Double Fifth
Day 13 Birthday of Kwan Tai
Everybody's Hero
Moon Six
Day 6 Birthday of Hau Wong
The Sung Emperor in Hong Kong
Day 13 Birthday of Lu Pan
Patron Saint of Carpenters and Builders
Day 19 The Enlightenment of Koon Yam
Moon Seven
Day 7 Festival of the Seven Sisters
The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl
The Maidens’ Festival
Day 15 Yuen Laan or The Festival for the Hungry Ghosts
Ancestors and Ghosts
Community Celebrations
Taai Si Wong 大士王
Lesser Ceremonies : Shiu Yi 燒衣
Moon Eight
Day 15 Mid-Autunm Festival (also known as the Moon Festival)
Enjoying the Moon
Day 16 Monkey’s Festival at Sau Mau Ping
The Universal Trickster: Great Sage Equal to Heaven
Spiritual Healing in the Temple in Sau Mau Ping
Fire Walking at the Festival
Day 27 Birthday of Confucius
Greatest Sage and Teacher
Moon Nine
Day 9 Ch'ung Yeung
Autumn Remembrance
Clan Ceremonial
A Day for Climbing Hills
Day 19 Remembrance of Koon Yam
Goddess of Mercy
Moon Ten & Eleven
A Closed Season for Festivals
Moon Eleven: Winter Solstice
The Imperial Ceremonies at the Temple of Heaven, Peking
Day Varies : Ta Chiu, Taoist Festivals of Peace and Renewal
The Rite of Cosmic Renewal
Day Varies: On Lung, Pacifying the Dragon
Solar Calendar Chart
Matching the Moon to the Sun
Chart showing the twenty-four periods of the Chinese Solar Calendar: each period is approxitmately 15 dayslong
Glossary
Suggested Additional Reading
Index
Festival Calendar
About the authors
Back Cover

Citation preview

﹒

v

＼

IN HONG'I�ON 、． 、

．

、

＼

／ 弘

’，

Ba山ra E. Ward

， 司 圍內

＼

，、 ．

�. J.oan Law

1 ��1�1 �！���，

’，，

區h

嚼攝z

Festival

咱也 Corresponding Dates in Solar Calendar

Lunar Dates

Name in English

1995

1 996

1 997

1998

1 999

2000

Pig

R ：“

Ox

Ti�er

Rahhit

Dragon

24/ 1

12/2

1/2

22/1

9/2

30/1

3 1/1

1 9/2

112

28/l

1 6/2

5/2

2/2

21/2

9/2

﹔rnn

1 8/2

7/2

3

1 4/2

4/3

2 112

11/2

2/3

1 9/2

15

2/?,

20/3

10/3

28/2

1 9／九

7/3

1 3/3

31/:)

21/3

1 1/3

30/3

1 8/3

13

Birthday of Hung Shing Kung

19/3

6/4

27/3

17/3

5/4

24/3

19

Birthday of Koon Yam

日／4

4/4

5/4

后／4

5/4

4/4

2/4

20/4

9/4

?,0/3

1 8/4

7/4

3

22/4

1 0/.5

29/4

1 9/4

8/5

27/4

23

Dates chosen

7／后

24/5

1 4/5

7/5

24/5

1 4/5

2/6

20/6

916

10/6

28/6

1 7/6

3/7

2 1 /7

10/7

1 0/7

28/7

1 6/7

by Divination

Moon

12

Dav

24

Kitchen Cod Visits Heaven New Year Festival

2

2

3

Bi1thday of Ch司e Kung Lantern Festival Birthday of T'o Tei Kung

Ch'ing Ming Festival

4

Birthday of Pak Tai Birthday of T’in Hau Cheung Chau Bun Festival

22/5

1 1/5

8

Birthdav of Lord Buddha

22/5

1 1 /5

8

Birthday of T’am Kung

30/5 (28/6)

1 8/6

616

5

Dragon Boat Festival

7/6 (6/7)

26/6

1 4/6

13

Birthday of Kwan Tai

28/7

1 8/7

7/7

1 7/7

4/8

25/7

1 4/7

l?,

Birthdav of Lu Pan

九18

23/7

10/8

3 1/7

20/7

19

Enlightenment of Koon Yam

leap

20/8

918

28/8

1 7/8

618

5th \loon

28/8

17/8

5/9

25/8

1 4/8

919

(9110)

27/9

1 6/9

5/10

24/9

1 2/9

10/9

(21/10)

2819

17/9

6/ 10

2.S/9

2119

9/ 10

28/9

1 7/10

1111

20/10

1 0/10

1 1 /1 1

30/10

2:)/1 2

2 1112

2/8 10/8

3/5 Ieap 3/5 5th i\loon

5 6

7

6

7

Birthdav of Hau Wong

Seven Sisters句Festival

15

Hungry Ghosts Festival

15

Mid-Autumn Festival

13/9

16

Monkey Cod Fe且tival

6/1 0

24/9

27

Birthday 。f Confuciu:s

28/10

17/10

6/1 0

20/10

7/1 1

27/1 0

1 6/10

22/ 1 2

22/1 2

22/]2

2 1 /12

Dates chosen

bv

Divination

會

8

9

9 19

J I

Ch'un京Yeung Festival Remembrance of Koon Yam Winter Solstice Ta C!tiu

GB

God's hirthrl11y

HG

H1111gry ghosts Family

A

Ancestors

B

Birthda.)

Calendar Chinese

Code

Corret"pondiug Dates in Solar Calendar

2001

2002

2003

2004

200.5

2006

2007

Snake

Hor財e

Sheap

1 1 /2

3 1 /1

20/2

7/2

26/2

1 5/2

5/2

2nd Moon

23/2

12/2

4/3

24/2

1 月／3

4/3

2 1/2

(22/:3)

1 1/3

1/3

20/3

Characters

GB

p

。

ph

GB

p

7/3

26/3

1 5/3

3/3

(2／ι）

22/3

12/3

3 1 /3

GB

p

1 3/3

1/4

21/3

9/3

(8川）

28/3

18/3

6/4

FA

。

5/4

5/4

5/4

4/4

后／4

5/4

5/4

GB

p

27/3

lea1》

1 5/4

4/4

2 1/4

1 1 /4

31/3

19/4

GB

p

16/4

4th Moon

5/5

24/4

1 /5

20/4

9/5

HG

p

B

。thers Public Home Institution

30/4

(30/.5)

19/5

8/5

26/5

1 5/5

5/5

24/5

(:30/5)

19/5

815

26/5

15/5

5/5

24/5

GB

p

30/4

。

p

25/6

1 5/6

4/6

22/6

1 1/6

31/5

19/6

GB

p

3/7

23/6

1 2/6

30/6

1 9/6

8/6

27/6

GB

p

26/7

﹞ 517

517

22/7

1 1 17

1/7

1 917

2/8

22/7

1 2/7

29/7

1817

8/7

2617 1/8

GB

。

Dates

1 1/5 chosen by Divination

GB

p

818

28/7

1 8/7

4/8

2417

14/7

。

h

25/8

1 5/8

4/8

22/8

1 1/8

3 1/7 (30/8)

19/8

HG

p

2/9

23/8

12/8

30/8

1 9/8

818 (7/9)

27/8

F

h

1/10

2 1 /9

1 1/9

28/9

1 8/9

6/1 0

2 5/9

。

2/1 0

22/9

12/9

29/9

1 9/9

7/10

26/9

。

1 3/10

3/1 0

23/9

10/10

30/9

1 8/10

7/1 0

FA

25/10

1 4/ 1 0

4/10

22/10

1 1/10

30/10

1 9/10

GB

p

4/1 1

24/10

14/10

111 1

2 1/10

9/1 1

29/10

F

h

2211 2

22/12

22/12

2 1/12

22/12

22/1 2

22/12

HG

p

Da tes

c hosen by D ivination

Barbara E . 明Tard fi rst \\ e n t to H o n g Kong in 1 950 and l ived here whe never she had t h e o pport u n i ty . A Fellow of Newnham College司 Cambri dge司 she was a soc i al anthro pologist by profession and a one-time Reader in Sociology at t h e C h i nese U n i ve1討ty of H o n g Kong. A t t h e t i m e of her d eath i n January 1 983, she was prepari n g a book on the Boat Peop le of Hong Kong、 amo n g whom she l i ved for several years . She a l s o w1叫e n u merous art icles o n C h i nese social and economic organ i sa t i o n ‘ paiiicularly in H o n g Kong『 and was editor o f Women in t h e N e w A s i a (UNESC O 1 964). Joan Law Mee Nar, born in H o n g K o n g, is a graphic designer and freelance photographer. She grew up i n the c i ty、 l i v i n g w i t h i n what remained of village cu lture without being aware of i t . In early 1 980、 she became i n terested in t h e vi l l ages of the New Territories, and began t o photograph village c u s t o m s and fest i vals. She spent t h e n ext two years photograp h i n g for the first edition of t h i s boo k . J oan still keeps u p h er i n t erests i n cultur e and festi Yals and visits t h e festivals as much as she c a n .

＠

』一＿＿＿.國

C HINE S E F E S TIVAL S IN HONG KONG

＠ I t comes as a surpri se to many to d i sc﹒over that H ong Kong‘ outwardly s� modern, still ceJeb削es a wide rar�ge of tra d i tional Chinese festivals. A n d becausP many of the festivals for god s and ghosts are n ow forbidden in m ai nland China司 Hong Kong remains one of the few places in the world to watch these fasc inating Chi nese traditions. There are !he noisy司 colou1ful public festivals such as the Lunar New Year, the Dragon Boat Festival, or spectacular birthday celebrations for popular gods. Then there are qui eter festivals based mai nly on the�home and fa mily, and others associ ated with rel i gious institutions. Some - festi vals are i ntegrated into city l i fe﹔ others are best seen i n their

·

vil lage environm e n t i n the N ew Territories. This handbook for,festival-,watchers guides the reader through the t rad itional year, and outli nes each festival‘ describi'ng what the partic i pants do司 explaini n g key syi:nbols'and telling some of the stories behind the festival. Alf publicly c�lebrated fes ti vals are i ncluded.with details of where to see them, and how .to get there . There i s a fes ti val calendar, a glossary with Chinese transl at i on and ex plan atory notes, and a map. First published in 1 982, the book i s designed for the general reader. The text i s by noted social anthropologist

\

Barbara Wan!, a Fellow of Newnham College, Cap加idge, w 10 was closely i nvolved with Hong Kong for over thirty years. Her h i ghly 閃adable accoun t i s complemented by 83 colour p{ate豆， the work of H o n g Kong-born photographer J oan Law, who s pent some t wo years v i s i t i n g fes t i vals all over·Hong Kong. Toget h er with B arbara Wβrcl's l i vely text司 they build up a vivid p icture of H o n g Kon g festivals which should encourage reader可 to go o u t and experience s o m e of these spec tacular celebrations for

With 83 colour p lates

(' ISBN 962-2 1 7-304-7

．．．

9 178 96 2 21' 1 73 04 月自

M 叩 C U Q ω 州 m K O 叫 m 。 也u 叫 叮 仙 一 仙 也們叫 一 N －m仙 1 1V H YE A n℃ ． ． J仙 － 1 i p i 蛇 ” 州 － C ＆ 細 mm c 出 口 富的

t hemselves .