Chess School 2

Citation preview

Author

IM Slobodan Mirkovic, FID E trainer

Published by

Montenegro chess fed erati on

Editor

Vladimir Sakotic

Cover

Kristina N aumovic Computer layout

Jovan N aumovic Translated by

Kristina N aumovic Printed by

SZGR J ovan Antic No. of copies - 1 000

H erc eg N ovi, September 2006 (This edition is published in honor of European Youth Championship which is organised in Herceg Novi in September 2006)

IN LIEU OF A FOREWORD

Chess federation of Montenegro, as the organiser of European Youth Championship 2005 in H erceg N o v i , g ifted a l l the participants with the book written by FIDE coach and international ch e s s master Slobodan M irkovic - "Chess school". In making that decision we followed the principle that it was better that young chess players, instead of a pencil, a badge or some other souvenir, take home the book which can help them in their chess development. Impressions of the participants and their companions were more than favourable. Quality of the book proved to be on an enviable level and the book contained useful examples for all generations and all levels of knowledge of young chess players. When at the beginning of this year Slobodan Mirkovi prepared the sequel of the book ''Chess school" and offered establishment of cooperation with us, the Organizational Board of the tournament had no dilemma. So now, as an edition specially prepared for this Championship and intended to all

participants, there has come out "Chess school 2". I ntroduction ofchess in schools is definitely the noblest mission which can be carried out in a country. Many chess nations have come a long way in t h is proj e c t , some are preparing for it. In the milieu where this project has a chance of gaining ground, good manuals and books with quality games and chess tasks are certainly needed. One should not forget that Slobodan Mi rkovi is the author of the system for classification of chess combinations, which is accepted and recognized in chess world today. For all the abovementioned, with the book "Chess school 2" we wish all participants of European Youth Championship 2006 to make progress in chess as fast and quality as possible. If we have contributed in this regard we will be proud. Tournament Director

Vladimir Sakotic Member o/the Board European Chess Union

3

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

I have met Slobodan Mirkovic, author of this book when my chess carrier was at the beginning. lt was far in 1 983, in Vrnjacka Banja, at the time when the Serbian Cup was held. I played against him and at the end of the m a t c h he gave me a lecture on importance o f pair of b i s hops. I was impressed by clarity and simplicity of his explanation. Many years have passed since we met, I played a lot of matches and toumaments, and I became Youth Champion of the World and G M . Every new meeting with the author of this book was special for me ; I would always learn something new.

"Chess School 2" came at the right time. At the moment when our chess is at big crisis which has been roused by economical situation in the country, chess fans are getting one valuable book which they can leam a lot from. Endings of Minor pieces are processed in the first part of this book where author, in large numbers of newly practice examples, very clearly and conscientiously writes about match plans and principles which are characteristic for today'S chess perception. The mistakes and irregularities which are repeated year after year in other books are here corrected. The theory of combinations w i t h classifications which presents the author's original idea to d i v i d e combina tions according to the sacrificed piece is in the central part of the book. The approach is completely new and as I know a lot of chess

schools in the east and west accepted this way of material systematization. When I was already formed as a chess player there was one critical moment in my chess carrier when I used material systematization which is suggested in this book to make progress in the tactics. After a short time positive results appeared. The third part of the book which is related to strategic motives clearly shows that this book was studiously and radically made. S trateg i c mot ive s as "King attacks", "Alekhin e ' s battery" and " Petros ian ' s quality sacrifice" present material which even higher rang chess players can learn from. Many things can be said about Slobodan M irkovic as a coach. Beside three of his most successful students GM Nikola Sedlak, GM B"0jlm Vuckovic, GM Milos Perunovic he taught several more of our top chess players. His students have won many fi rst places at N ational C ad e t C h a mp i o n s h i p s and participated at several Europe and World Cadet Championships. According to the results Slobodan M irkovic is our most successful coach and his influence on our chess is huge. In the end I would like to mention my national team colleague's opinion: "We are all students of Slobodan Mirkovic in one way or another". Belgrade, 1 4111 April, 2006.

GM Igor Miladinovic 5

P�RT�IVE Endings of Minor pieces

HOW TO PLAY ENDINGS

Some theorethicals consider that it is good to know as many obvious positions by heart as possible. That's the wrong approach. In order to get to know the material it is crucial to learn general principles of the endings. Because of that it is necessary to divide the material in: "Pawn's endings", "Endings of Mi nor pieces", "Rook 's endings", and "Queen 's endings". Endings of Minor pieces are studied in this book. Regardless of the pieces in the game, the endings at one moment can be reduced on pawn's endings. How to learn endings? The young chess players are trying to find answer to this question. I n the chess literature there has been just a little b i t of talking about autodidactic learning about the theory of endings. There are two basic methods for making progress in this chapter. I.

Theory research, and

2.

Improving common technique.

These two methods are closely related. The improvement in one method automatically drags along the improvement in another one.

TH EO RY RESEARCH A systematic studying of different type of end ings is necessary for increasing the knowledge. The endings (Pawn's, Endings of Minor pieces, Rook's, and Queen's) are viewed systematically and their specifics are accepted. All endings can be divided into a) clear, and b) problematical.

The ending is clear when chess player knows the positions and evaluation, and the right plan of the game. These are positions which are known independently from the theory of endings. Every chess player has its own clear positions. All other positions are problematical, where chess player is not showing its knowledge but is fighting, searching for better moves, calculating the variants, in short - plays.

IMPRO VING CO M MO N T ECH NIQUE It is necessary to improve and know typical methods and situations as : applying the principle "don ' t be in a hurry", king's c entral i zation, and playing the game according to analogy, etc. Improvement in this chapter could be gained with studying special materials.

CO ACH RO L E The coach, who has the card index of all c hess game segments, is necessary for achieving the top results. Card index consists oflarge number of classic games and various examples; and it's permanently appended with new examples. There are materials in this book which author used in working with many generations ofchess players, including prominent GM Nikola Sedlak, GM Milos Perunovic, and GM Bojan Vuckovic. Basic positions are given for every topic and they represent the ground for fu ture understanding and improvement. I)

Endings of Minor pieces The basic strategic principles in endings of Minor pieces are the same as in other endings. 1. King 's activity and its centralization level

opponent 's king independently after the exchange of the pawns which remained. From this we can conclude that a M inor piece can not solely be a mating piece.

2. Position of Minor pieces and their activity 3. Quality of pawn 's structure. In this book endings of Minor pieces are divided into following elements: - mate with a pair of bishops -

mate with knight and bishop

-

two knights

-

bishop against pawn

-

knight and pawn against knight

Swansea, 1 987

knight against pawn

-

bishop and pawn against bishop

-

basic draw positions

-

knight and pawns against bishop and pawns

-

bishop and pawns against bishop and pawns

-

bishops of opposite color

-

bishop against knight and pawn

-

bishop and pawn against knight

-

bishop and pawns against several pawns

-

pair of bishops against knight and bishop

-

pair of bishops against two knights

-

pair of bishops against pair of bishops

-

two knights against two knights

A few basic examples are given for every of the mentioned elements which represent a ground for further study.

Bishop (or knight) specific characteristic in endings of Minor pieces is that it can't mate 10

c. Do nworth - M. Sampson

Draw

t .llIh4 q"h2 2.q"fI q"hl 3.llIfl a stalemate. Y. Seirawan - J. S. Masco lo Graz, 1 978

Draw

1 .q"f6 h5 5.g5 6.h5 7. d 3 .i h4 4.\t>c4 .tfl 5 .\t>b5 \t> f6 6.�a5 \t>e5 7 . .ifT g5 S.\t>b5 \t>d4 9 . .th3 and white b locks the diagonal a2-gS 3 .te4 a4 on 3 . . . .tf6 4.\t>d3 White moves king to queen 's side so it can fight against opponent 's pawns 4 . . . .th4

-

-

to assure it is a draw. Although weaker for two pawns white has possibility to block the

diagonal bS-h2. Black has no possibility to play g5-g4-g3, because in that case after .i.g3 Black would lose a pawn. 1 .le7 .te4 1 . .ld6 .tfS 3 .te7 .te6 4 .tbS �fS S .te7 \t>e4 6 .tbS g4 7 .te7 \t> d3 8 .lb8 a draw. •

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

37

Endings of Minor pieces 5.Ab3 Wf6 6.Wc4 We5 7.Ac2 g5 8.Wb5 Ae l 9.Ab3 Wf4 1 0 .Wa5 f3 I I .Wa4 Wf4 1 2 . Ae 6 W e 5 I 3 . A d7 f4 1 4 . a 3 b a 3 1 5 .Wa3 with a draw 4.d3 Af6 S.Wc2 other possibility would be 5 .Ab5 ! 1 b3 6.a3 Ah4 7 . Aa4 b2 8 . �c 2 i. f6 9 . f4 Ad4 I O.Ac6 �f6 1 1 .a4 g5 1 2 . fg5 g5 with a draw Soo.Ah4 6.i.bS a draw.

E. Walther R. Fischer

Passed pawns In the bishops of opposite color endings two passed pawns are big advantage, so it is very difficult to fight with them. As more files as they are far away from each other they present bigger danger for the opponent. L. Van Wely A. Sokolov -

-

Zuerich, 1 959

White moves - Win

l.a4? unique move which risks a win, Swiss problemist Fontana showed the right way 1 .h4! �c7 2.�a5 �b8 3.b5 i.a3 4.b6 �c8 5.�a6 Wb8 6.Ag2 �c8 7.a7 i.d6 8.a4 and White would win, after the move in the match black intends to sacrifice the bishop for a and b pawns and realize a draw position where opponent has a curve-angular bishop l oo.�c7 2.b4 �b8 3.aS a7 4.c4 i.g3 S.bS An 6.Ae2 6.b6 i. b6 7 .ab 6 �b6 8.�d5 �c7 and because the curve-angular bishop's rule the position is a draw 6oo.Ae3 7.�b3 Ad2 8.b6 �b7 9.a4 c6 1 0.AbS � on 1 1 .b7 Af4 1 2.a6 b6 white pawns are blocked I I .Ae8 Ad a draw.

38

Germany, 2003

Black moves - a draw White's material advantage is not enough for a win l oo. AdS 2.�n fS 3.�e3 e6 4.�f4 �d7 S.�fS AD a draw, black king controls b - pawn and b i shop prevents creation of the passed pawns at king's side.

Bishops of opposite color

A. Kotov - M. Botvinnik URS (ch), 1 95 5

1 ... �g6 l.g4 this just speedup the end of the match, more resistant would be 2. �e3 l hS 3.ghS �hS 4.�e3 gS S.Ab4 g4! White resigned, on 6.fg4 �g4 7.�d4 Ag8 8.Ad6 f5 9.�e3 Ae6 •••

E. Dizdarevic

-

S. Mirkovic

Donj i M ilanovac, 1 979

Black moves - Win 1. gS! black creates passed pawns at both sides by sacrificing two pawns, which brings black a win l.fgS 2.hg5 h4 3 . Ad6 A5 4.g6 !g6 5.5 Af5 6.�b3 �g2-+ l ... d4! 3.ed4 \tIg3 4.Aa3 4 . A e 7 � h4 5 . g6 �g4-+ 4 W h4 S.�d3 �gS 6.�e4 h4 7.�fJ 7.d5 !d5 8 � d5 h3-+ 7... AdS White resigns. ••

Black moves - a draw

•••

.

G. L aketic - S. Mirkovic Nova Pazova, 1 99 1

Black d-pawn bounds opponent's pieces so white has no possibility to play for a win 1 �g7 l.Ad h6 3.f4 �f6 4.�f3 AcS S.�e4 A b4 6.�e3 Ac3 7.�f3 Ab4 8.�g4 AcS 9.�hS �g7 10.�g4 �f6 It became clear that white's material advantage is just symbolic l 1 .�fJ Ab4 1 l.�e4 AcS 1 3.Adl Ab4 14.AhS AcS l S.�d3 A b4 1 6.�e4 a draw. •••

Black moves - Win Black has big material advantage, which can be realized by creating a passed pawn at king 's side. Two passed pawns at b and g file easily resole the match l, lack's benefit. •

39

Endings of Minor pieces s. Mirkovic - Z. Novoselski

Novi Becej , 1 983

Bishop attacks opponent's pawns and binds the king to theirs defense 1 .d3 �f5 S.cct>c4 �h4 6.cct>cS cct>eS 7.Ab7 cct>f4 S.cct>bS cct>g3 9.cct>a6 �g2 I O . cct> a7 �e3 I l . a4 �c4 1 2 . A dS �e3 13 .Ae6 and White would win 4.bS �b6 S.cct>d3 cct>eS 6.Aa8 cct>d6 on 6 . . . cct>f4 7.cct>c4 cct>g4 S.AO cct>h4 9.cct>cS g4 I O.Ae4 cct>hS I l .a4+- 7.cct>c4 g4 8.a4 �g8 9.aS �b6 on 9 . . . �f6 I O. h6 with Ae4 1 0. A e4 g3 or 1O . . . �gS I l .g3 �h6 1 2 . Ad3 �gS 1 3 . Ae2 �h6 14.cct>bS+- 1 1 .cct>bS �g8 1 2.Ab1 �b6 13.cct>a6 cct>c6 14.Aal Black resigns. •••

�g8 14.AdS �e7 1 S.Ac4 �c6 0r I S . . . cct>c6 1 6.AbS cct>c7 1 7. AeS and following would be as in the match 16.At7 �e7

R. Fiscber - M. Taimanov Vancouver (�4), 1 97 1

1 7.Ae8! black is in zugzwang 1 7".cct>d8 18.Ag6! decisive piece sacrifice 18".�g6 1 9.cct>b6 cct> d7 lO.cct>cS �e7 1 1 .b4 ab4 U.cb4 �c8 13.aS �d6 14.bS �e4 1S.cct>b6 cct>c8 16.cct>c6 cct>b8 17.b6 Black resigns. S. Mirkovic - N. Sulava Vrnjacka Banj a, 1 9S 1

White moves - Win In the position on the diagram black pawns of king 's s ide present excellent attack objective for a bishop, besides that bS and dS give poss i b i l ity for w hite king 's penetration, white wins o n following way 1 .cct>d3 �e7 1.Ae8 cct>dS 3.At7 cct>d6 4.cct>c4 cct>c6 S. Ae8 cct>b7 6.cct>bS �c8! 7.Ac6 cct>c7 8.AdS �e7 after S . . . �d6 9 . cct> a6 �e4 I O.Af7 �g3 I l . Ag6 cct>c6 1 2. AeS cct>c7 1 3 .cct>a7 �e2 14 . AhS � f4 I s . A f7 and White would win 9.At7! would give nothing 9.AO �gS or 9. Ab3? cct>b7 I O. Af7 cct>a7 I l .Ag6 �g6 1 2 . cct>c6= 9". cct>b7 1 0. A b3 cct>a7 1 1 .Ad1 cct>b7 1 2 .if3 cct>c7 1 3.cct>a6 •

4S

White moves - Win

1 .cct>g3! �b8 1.cct>b4 it would lead to a win 2. AcS cct>d6 3 . Ab7 cct>c7 4. AaS cct>d6 S.cct>h4 white blench from this variant because of bishop's position at as, which is out of the match 1".cct>t7 3.cct>bS cct>g7 4.A c8 Black resigns.

Bishop and pawns against knight and pawns S. Mirkovic - M. Misojcic

Belgrade, 1 980

\!th3 8.�bS g4 9.aS g3 l O . a6 g2 l l . a7 g l 1W 1 2.a81W with a draw 2 ltJd6 3.�d3 ltJfS 4. �d7 ltJd6 S.a4 ltJe4 6.\!te3 ltJf6 7. �c6 �d6 S. �bS �eS 9.g3 ltJe4 1 0.�f3 ltJf6 1 1 .�e3 ltJe4 1 2.�f3 a draw. ..•

Side with a knight has material advantage

G. Levenfish - V. Rauzer URS (ch), 1 937

White moves - a draw

t .�d3 ltJf6? l . ..ltJd6 ! 2c4 �f6 3 . �c3 �fS= 2.c4 �g6 3.h3? 3. �c3 ! �fS 4.g4 �f4 S . We2+- 3. . .ltJeS 4.b3 ltJd6 4 . . . � fS S . �c3 lLld6 6.�e3 with transition in position from the match S.�c3 �fS 6.�e3 ltJf7 7.�el hS? 7 ... ltJd6= S.g4 hg4 9.fg4 �f6 10.�g3 llJd6 11 .�d3 ltJf7 1 2.h4 �g6 13.�e4 �f6 14.�eS! Black resigns, on 1 4 . . . ltJeS I S .hgS Wg5 16.�eS �g4 1 7.�e6 K . Mokry - S. Mirkovic Belgrade, 1 988

Black moves - a draw

l ...\!teS! 2. �c6 2.\!tbS ltJd6 3 . \!tb6 ltJb7 4.\!tb7 �f4 S.a4 \!tg3 6.�b6 \!tg2 7.�aS

White moves - Win The plan for realizing material advantage consists of pawn 's fonnation weakening at king's side. Black can react on two ways: a) prevents with pieces form ing o f new weaknesses, by moving a king and a bishop closer to its own pawns ; in that case white would get necessary room in the center and all forces would support d-pawn 's progress, which would enable it to realize decisive advantage b )king and a bishop block a passed pawn at d-file, and white gets open hands and manages dec is ive material advantage.

l .ltJdS! �gS 2.f4! �dS on 2 . . . �h6 3 .ltJe7 \!td6 4.ltJg6+- 3.ltJb4 \!td6 4.ltJd3 gS S.ltJeS �e6 on S . . . gf4 6.ltJt7 �d7 7.ltJd8 \!td8 8.\!tdS+- 6.dS �f6 7.\!tcS gf4 S.ltJc6 and White won soon. 49

Endings of Minor pieces s. Mirkovic S. Tomic -

Bela Crkva, I 988

1 .�d2 Ad 2.�e4 [a] 2 Wg7 worse is 2 ... WfT 3 . 0 ! A d I 4.�c3 Ac2 5 .Wg5 3.weS is consistent [b] 3 . 0 ! Wh6 [c] 4.We5 wg7 [d] 5.We6 Ab 1 6.We7 Ac2 7.�g5 Ab l 8.f4 Ac2 9.�e6 Wh6 le] I O.Wf6 Ab l I I .�d4 Ad3 1 2.f5 gf5 [fl I 3 .�fS wh7 14.Wg5 Ae2 second phase of plan 1 5 . �d4 A d l 1 6.�e6 Ae2 1 7.�f4 Adl 1 8.�h5 there is no need to show third phase moves 3 Wf7 on 3 ... Wh6 4.�g5 ! Wg7 5. We6 and white wins 4.�d6 we7 S.�c4 winning would be faster 5.f4 Ab l 6.f5 gfS 7.�fS WfT 8.�e3 wg6 9.�g2 Ac2 I O . � f4 Wh6 I l . W f6 Ae4 1 2 .�e2 Ad3 1 3 .�d4 Ab l 1 4. � f5 Wh7 1 5 .Wg5 Ad3 1 6.�e3 Ae2 1 7.�g2 A d l 1 8.�f4 and last black pawn is down S AdJ 6.�e3 Abl 7.�dS wn S.Wf4 we6 9.�c3 Ad3 l 0.f3! Ad l l .WgS Wf7 •••

•••

White moves - Win Black pawns are latched at squares o f bishop's color, which white uses and moves over weak black square s. The plan o f advantage realization consists of three phases:

•••

l . white king conquests key square g5 , following maneuvers enable first phase realization a) knight moves to e4 and represses the king to g7, b) white plays 0 with what it defends a

knight and threats Wg5 which can be prevented only by Wh6, c) white king moves to e5 with the idea Wf6, which is prevented by Wg7, d) followed by We6-e7, �g5, f4, �e6 and black king has to recede to h6, e) after Wf6 and �d4 white plays f5, and f) after black's answer gf5 followed by �f5 and black king must recede to h7 and let white king to g5 . 2 white brings a knight at f6 and f4 and conquest the h-pawn.

3. two pawns material advantage realization. 50

12.�dS! white brings a knight to e3 and prepares f4-f5 with conquering h-pawn 12 Abl 1 3.�e3 Ad3 1 4.f4 Woo I S.fS! gfS l 6.�g2 Wf7 1 7.�f4 A e4 I S.�bS Ad 19.�f4 Abl 20.bS Ae4 21 .�e2 Woo 22.b6 it is better 22.�d4 ! We5 2 3 .h6 f4 24.gf4 Wd4 25.f5 22 wn 23.�d4 f4 24.gf4 Ad3 2S.�f3 25.fS ! 2S WgS 26.�eS Ad 27.15 Aa4 2S.�g6 AeS 29.�e7 W b7 30.�dS Af7 3 1 .�f6 WbS 32.�e4! Wb7 33.�d6 Ab3 34.f6 wgS 3S.Wg6 Ad 36.�fS Ab3 37.�e7 Black resigns. •••

•••

•••

Bishop and pawns against knight and pawns

1 dS! 2.edS edS 3.rJi;e3 d4 4.rJi;f3 lbe6 S. rJi;g3 lbf4 5 . . . �e4 !-+ 6.rJi;f3 lbe6 7.rJi;g3 lbcS 7 . . . �e4!-+ 8.rJi;f3 S. h4 lbe4 9.�h3 0 1Ic2 1 7.lIg4 fS l 8.lIh4 c,t>f6 1 9 . 1Ih6 it is better 1 9.Ilh8 1 9... cS 20.c,t>g3 lIc4 2 1 .h4? 2 1 .1Ih8 ! 2 1 . c,t>g7 White resigns. •••

Belgrade, 1 987

•••

••

Black moves 1 eS! 2.feS lOeS 3.deS 3.c,t>g2 lOe4 4.lOe4 de4 S. deS �cS 6. Aa4 1¥eS 7 . Il n Ilb2 8 . Ac2 �g3 9 .c,t> h l 1¥h3 1 0. c,t> g l �g3 1 1 . c,t> h l f6+ 3 :fWeS 4.lIgl c6! S.Ad3 S.Ac6 Ilb2 6.!rd3 Ilf2 7.c,t>f2 lOe4 8.c,t>e l �a l 9.c,t>e2 [9. 1¥d l 1¥c3 1 0. c,t> n �f6 1 1 .c,t>e2 �b2-+] !rb2 1 O.c,t>e l !rf2 I l .c,t>dl !rg l 1 2. c,t>c2 �g2 I 3 .c,t>c l �h3+ 5. lIb2 6.Ad lOe4 7 . lO e4 de4 8 . c,t> (2 1¥cS 8 . . . �f6 ! ? 9.c,t>g2 !r0 1 0.1¥0 e O 1 1 .c,t>0 Ilc2 12 .Ila l lIcS + 9.1Ic1 1¥eS •••

••

••

100

Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices

(i.. B)

Combinations with bishop and pawn sacrifices (i.B) 'f!Ve8 4 . fe 8 'f!V i.e8 5 . 'f!V e4+- 3.'f!Vh6 � f7 4. 'f!Vh7 �f6 S:t!Vh4! g S 6 .'f!Vh6 � fS 6 . . .� f7 H!!V h7! �f6 8.Lifl �e6 9.'f!Vf5 �e7 1 0:�f7 a mate 7. '5'e6 �f4 8.h3! i.hl 8 ... '5'd7 9.'f!Ve5 �f3 1O.Lifl a mate 9.'5'g4 a mate.

I Mate combinations

Waluud - Martens Stockholm, 1 95 8

P. Szilagyi M. Taimanov -

Albena, 1 974

White moves - Win Decisive influence on position mark have white pieces ' concentration an king's side, which allows mate attack; in the position on the diagram white mates in three moves 1.i.g7! �g7 sacrificed bishop have to be taken, otherwise white would mate with a queen on h7 or h8 2.f6! decisive pawn's sacrifice while forming the mate net 2 .tf6 3. 'f!Vh7 a mate. .••

A. Vaisser - B. Jacobs Capelle la Grande, 1 987

B lack moves - Win

t . . .c4! 2:fgc4 i. h3 ! 3.lbe3 3 . gh3 '5'g5 4.�h l '5'f4 5.�g2 'f!Vh2 6.�f3 'f!Vh3 a mate 3 ... i.d7! 4.g3 i.bS S. '5'ct i.e2! 6.!ife1 i.f3 7.lbg2 !Vh3 white resigns, mate can not be prevented. M. M atulovic - E. Vasiukov Skopje, 1 970

White moves - Win

1 .i.g6! fg6 2.f7 �f8 on 2 . . . �g7 3 . Lie8 !

Black moves - Win 1 03

Miraculous world of combinations V. Anand - K. Ninov

1. e3 ! 1:tWb7 en 3.f8 1 3 .lbe3+- l l .!lel '8'a6 1 2.84 'WfaS 1 3. !le2 1W b4 1 4.c.;t>g2 !ldS IS.lbe4 !ld4 1 6.!lc2 1 6.g5 ! fg 5 1 7 • h5 f6 I S . 'Wf e S c.;t> g 7 1 9. t!Ve7+- 1 6.. .'�el 1 7.!le2 %l'fbl I S.!ld2 !le4 I S ... 'Wfe4 1 9. 'Wfe4 !l e4 2 0 . !l d S c.;t> g 7 2 1 . c.;t> f3 + - 1 9 .!ldS c.;t> g7 20.lbd2 1 :0 .

. .

.

S . Tarraseh - J. Noa Hamburg,

I S S5

S.!lc2 !ldeS 9 . !l h c 1 c.;t> fS 1 0 .g4 �eS 1 l .lbd2 lbd7 1 2.lbb3 lbb6 1 3 .lbeS Knight came to dom inant position 13 ...lbe4 1 4.�e4 de4 I S . lb Se4 1 5 . lb 3 e4 ? lb d 5 I S . . . bS 16.lbd6 !lbS 1 7.fS! the attack a t king's side fo ll o ws 1 7 ... �d7 1 S.!lf2 lbdS 1 9.1bdS edS 20.gS hS 2 1 .!lefl c.;t>gS 22.g6 f6 23.!le2 �c6 24.!lfel ladS 2S.c.;t>f4 feS 26 .!leS! �f8 27.lbf7 !leS 2S.lbgS 28... !lee7? ovcrs ight in lost position, on 2S . . . !lc5 2 9 . dc 5 ! !le7 30.f6! gf6 3 l .ef6 !le l 32.lbh7 c.;t> eS! 33.f7 c.;t> d7 34. fS'l!'f !lfl 3 5 . c.;t> g5 !lf8 36.lbfS �c7 37.g7 �f7 3S. c.;t> h6 c.;t> gS 39.lbg6+- 29.lbh7 1 :0 Y. Averbakh - V. Panov Moscow,

1 950

B lack moves W h i te ha strong center and area a dvantage. I n t h i s type of p os i t i o n s b a s i c b l a e k ' s weakness i s white-square b i shop which

impeded b y

is

its own pawns. Whitc's plan i s

1 ... lb8e7 2.�d3 !lbeS 3.b3 lbb4 4.a3 lbbe6 after 4 ... lbd3 5 . c.;t> d3 b lack is sti l l w i t h bad bi shop S.b4 this is bad fur white 5 . lba4 lba5 ! 6.lbe5 !le5 7 . !lc5 lLl b 3 8 . c.;t> c 3 lLl c 5 9 . d c 5 � b 5 ! b i s h o p

Black moves - Win

attack a t king's s i de

a c t i vates 1 0 . J. b5 a b 5 a n d B l u ck h a s the

S...h6 6.h4 lLlbS 6 . !lc7? 7.lLla4 room for a knight is released, w i l l trans fer to e 5 over d2 7... !le7

upper hand

7.'it>e3 the which

. .

In the position on the d i agram whitc has pos i t i o n a l advantage w h i c h c on s i s t s of strong knight and potential passed pawn at

l .gS! white king has open way f5 1 ... c.;t>g7 2.c.;t>t3 c.;t>f7 3.c.;t>g4 J..e7 4.�fS �f8 S.lbf6 h6 6.gh6 �h6 7. lbe4 .i.f8 S.h6 �h6 9.lbd6 c.;t>e7 1 0.lbe4 �e3 I I .d6 c.;t>d7 1 2. c.;t>eS 1 :0 king's side to square

1 69

ROOK IN ISOLATION In rook's isolation, as in isolation of other pieces, pawns have decisive impact. Opponent's pawns can deduct rook's important strategic points; they represent important limitation factor. Of course, own pawns can also seriously endanger rook's activity if they decrease radius of its movement. Three cases may b e present through advantage realization: I . Game is at the opposite side from the isolated piece (Kapablanka's principle)

2. Game is in the center (isolated piece is at the side) 3. Attack on the king which is at the same side as isolated piece. The match that follows has big importance because GM Sveshnikov places the original idea when he uses the bad rook h8 position by moving the pieces through the center.

E. Sveshnikov

(RUS)

V. Kupreichik

(BLR)

Hastings, 1 984 C44- t .e4 eS 2.liIf3 liIc6 3.d4 ed4 4.Ac4

AcS 4 . . . Ab4 5.c3! dc3 6.0-0ao

S.c3! dc3 6.At7! ? Wt7 7.tvdS Wf8? !

9.t!!Ic4! On 9.!rc3 !r f6 ! �

9 Ag4 •••

9 . . . cb2 ! ? 1 0.Ab2oo

1 0.liIc3 AfJ I t . g fJ !r f6 1 2. f4 !r f7 1 3.!rbS± liId4 14.!rd3 14.!ra4 ! ? liIe6 1 5 . .i.e3 liI f4 1 6.0-0-0 and white has the initiative.

7 . . . We8 8.!rc5 !re7 9.!re7 li1ge7 lO.liIc3 ;!;;

14 liIe6 I S.fS liIcS 1 6.tvc2 tvc4 1 7.Ae3 ! liIf6

8.!rcS d6

1 7 .1013 1 8 . Wd2 liIe5 1 9 .Had 1 ±

8 ... !re7 9.!re7 li1ge7 1 0.liIc3 ±

1 7 /If'd3 1 8.!rd3 li1d3 1 9. We2±

•••

170

••

•••

Rook in isolation lIe4 7.lIfl lIe2 8 .tff d 6 lIa2 9. tffd S tff c 2 I O.cS IId8 ! I I .J.d6 lIe8 0 : 1 L Aronson M. Tal, URS (ch) 1 95 7 .

-

IS lIeS •••

1 8 . . . l2:\ce4? 1 9.1Id4+-

1 9.f3! l2:\ed7 20.lId4 �e6 2 1 .�bl lIe7 22.tff e2 l2:\eS 23.�gS �eS 24.lIhdl l2:\e6 2S.lIe4 �eS 26.l2:\dS

I S.0-0-0 With the move in the match white evacuated the king, the problems of black position are in bad king and rook location. The classic case of rook's isolation is in the following match

2 6 . f4 tff a S 2 7 . l2:\ d S 1I f7 2 8 . � f6 gf6 29.tff h S±

26 1If7 27.J.f4 tffe S •••

2S.l2:\e7!+- lIe7 29.�d6 lIe7 30.eS l2:\d7 30 . . . �f7 3 I .f4+Black realized the advantage at king's side by applying the Capablanca's principle on the following way l . . . �b l ! 2 . J.eS l2:\e6 3. tffd6 tff fS 4.J.f4 l2:\gS S.tff b4 J.e4 6.�e4

3 1 .f4 ! hS 32. tff d 3 ! IIh6 33 . � e7 rtJ e7 34. tff aJ rt;f1 3S.e6 IIe6 36.fe6 tffe6 37. �d3 l2:\f6 3S.fS �eS 39.1Ic2 rtJgS 40.lIe2 �eS 4 1 .a3 rtJh7 42. lIg2 l2:\eS 43 :tWc2 � e3 44.lIdgl l2:\eg4 1 :0

171

Strategic motives

ADITIONAL MATCHES A. Petrov - P. Zumu

M. Kupferstich H. Andreasen -

Copenhagen, 1 953

Paris, I S63

White moves - Win Black moves The classical example of rook's isolation I ... ltlfl 2.�f2 ltleS 3.deS j,fS 4.ltlf6 j,f6 S.ef6 ltld7 5 ... ltla6 gives black a chance to release the rook 6.j,d7 j,d7 7.Jael 7.Jahl j,f5 S . Jah5 j,c2 9. Jae5 white 's plan for victory: 1 ) pawn g4 conquest 2) transferring the king to queen's side 3) creation of passed pawn 9 ... JacS 1 0. �g3 j,b l 1 1 .�g4 j,g6 1 2 .�f4 j,b l 1 3 . �e3 j,g6 14 .�d4 j,b l 1 5 .�c5 j,g6 1 6.b4 j,d3 1 7.a4 a6 I S.b5 ab5 1 9.ab5 j,c2 20.b6 cb6 2 1 .�b6 JabS 22.d6+7 ... JaeS S.JaeS j,e8 9.�g3 j,d7 I O.c4 as t t .aJ a4 t 2.cS j,cS 1 3.d6 cd6 1 4.cd6 j,d7 lS.�f4 j,e6 16.�g3 Ya:Ya

t .Jag7 �f8 2. Jab7 2. Jac7 �gS 3 . Jag7= 2...�g8 3.Jag7 �f8 4.lIa7 �g8 S.lIaS j,aS 6.ltld6! 1 : 0 Golovko - Orlov Moscow, 1 962

Black moves - Win Using the opponent rook's isolation black strikes at queen 's side 1 ... �g6 2.j,d2 �gS 3. i.d 3.j,e l �g4 4.�g2 JahS 5 . j,d2 Jaf8 6.j,e l j,g5 7.j,d2 f4 S.ef4 Jaf4 9.j,f4 j,f4 1 O.d5 ed5 I l .e6 j,g5 1 2.e7 j,e7 1 3 . Jae3 j,f6-+ 3 ... �g4 4.�g2 j, b4! S.ab4 JahS 6.j,aJ JaaS 0: 1 1 72

Rook in isolation V. Smyslov A. Tolus

Y. Porat D. Bronstein

Moscow, 1 96 1

Amsterdam (izt), 1 964

White moves - Win

Black moves - Win

A. Tolush L Portiseh

t hS! 1.IifS �g6 3.Iif4 fS 4.h3 lileS S.IieS IieS 6.g4 fg4 7.hg4 h4! 8.IifS �g7 9.Iif4 IibS t o.�e3 �g6 0: 1

-

-

t .j,b8! 1 :0

•••

-

Balaton, 1 958

N. Padevsky - Stefanov Bulgaria (ch), 1 962

B lack moves - Win

t �f6? l ...�e5 ! 1.g3 hg3 3.bS? 3.h4 ! lDf3 4. hg5 �f5 5.g6 �g4 6.g7 g2 7.g8tIV lDg5 8. tlV c 8 � g 3 9. tlVc3 lD f3 1 0 . tlVg7 � f2 I l .tlVb2 j,d2-+ 3 lDbS 4.h4 lDe3! S.�d lDdS 6.hgS �fS 7.�d3 lDe3 8.Iig) j,g) 9.�e3 �gS I O.�d4 A.e7 1 l .�eS A. aS 1 l.�e6 A.e3 0: 1

White moves

•••

•••

t :tWdl! the game motive is passive black rook's position on h6 t lDfg4 1.A.e4 �h8 3. lDgS �g7 4.j,e6! !ifS 4 . . . !ihh8 5 . .1g4 S.IifS � 6.j,g4 lDg4 7. 'f!Vf4! after this move b lack king becomes the white pieces target 7 �e8 8.IiG lDf6 9.eS deS t o.'f!Ve5 •••

•••

1 73

Strategic motives

h4 I Uie3 lCig8 1 2.!Ne4 !NbS 13.!Ne6 c,!>f8 14.!Nt7 1 : 0

L Radulov

-

H. Westerinen

Helsinki (zt), 1 972

J. Pokojowczyk M. Bjelaj ae -

Pamporovo/Smolj an, 1 977

White moves

Black moves - Win

1 ...fgS! preliminary move with the original idea, the aim is to use white rook's bad posi­ tion 2.lCigS /CigS 3.AgS Iid8 4.c,!>e2 4... Iid4! after this move white can release the rook only with material losses S.d Iie4 6.Adl Iih4 7.f4 Iih2 8.c,!>el ab4 9.aM h4 1 0.bcS bcS IUS c,!>f6 1 2.Iig4 h3 13.e4 Iig2 0: 1

1 74

l .ts! eS 1 ... efS 2.lCie7 Ae7 3 . Iie7 with the idea Iidd7 and white is clearly better 2.b4 c,!>g7 3.Iie4 hS 4.h4 Iig8 S.c,!>d2 it is better 5 .c3 c,!> h6 6.Iigl S... c,!>h6 6.Iigl IibbS ! 7.lCibS A M 8.c,!>e2 Iib8 9.g4 Iig8 I O.c,!>f3 Ad2 II .Iie2 AM 12.Iieg2 Iie8 13.ghS e4 14.c,!>e2 Iih8 I S. Ilg8 Iig8 1 6. IigS Ad 1 7.Ilh8 c,!>g7 18.Iie8 c,!>h6 19.Iie7 1 :0 on 19 ... c,!>h5 would be followed by 20.Iia7 c,!>h4 2 l .Iic7 with Iic5 .

INDEX OF NAMES Aa.-Iand Stein Arild (94) Abramovic Bosko (92, 1 5 5) Adams Edward B. ( \ 32) Adams Michael (3 7, 5 1 ) Addison William ( 1 2 2) Adhami Vangiel ( 1 07) Adianto Utut (64) Adorjan Andras (22) Agrest Evgenij (37) Akopian Vladimir (64) AI Modiahki M. (7 1 , 98) Alekhine Alexander (5 1 , 72, 73, 96, 1 07, 1 09, 1 2 1 , 1 27, 1 45) Aleksandrov (52) Aleksandrov Aleksej (68) Almasi Zoltan ( 1 63) Anand Viswanathan (20, 9 1 , 93, 104, 1 1 7) Andersson Ulf (34) Andreasen H. ( 1 72) Andres ( \ 33) Arduman Can (94) Arkhipkin Y. ( 1 29) Arvit (92) Aseev Konstantin (59) Atal ik Suat ( 1 7, 75) Averbakh Yuri (20, 42, 1 69) Bajsanski M ilos (5 1) Balanel Ion (92) Balashov Yuri ( 1 23) Barcza Gedeon (30) Barendregt Johan ( 1 05) Barlov Dragan (67) Bashkite Viktoria ( 1 9) Basman Michael ( 1 05) Batakovs Olegs ( 1 56) Bauer Christian (55) Belov Igor ( \ 32) Beratende ( 1 40) Berger Johann (35) Bemstein Ossip ( 1 29) Bertok Mario ( 1 67) Bilek Istvan (92) Bjelajac Milan ( 1 74) Blau Max (95) Boden Samuel ( 1 27)

Bogolj ubow Efi m (72, 1 1 0, 1 67) Bohm Hans (2 1 ) Bologan Viktor (32, 9 1 ) Bonch Osmolovsky M. (45) Bondarevsky Igor ( 1 28) Botvinnik Mikhail (23 , 39, 70, 129) Brenjo Slavisa (37) Bronstein David (36, 92, 1 73) Browne WaIter ( 1 08) Bukic Enver ( 1 06) Bunzmann Dimitrij (77) Caceres Henry U. (8 1 ) Calvi Ignanzio(43) Capablanca Jose Raul (53, 73, 85, 96, 1 2 1 , 1 46, 160, 1 67) Cardenas Elizart (97) Cebalo Miso ( 1 55) Cechel in S. (53) Chethover Vitaly ( 1 9) Centurini Luiggi (25) Cereteli M. (65) Chatalbashev Boris ( 1 55) Chekhov Valery ( 1 1 5) Cherednichenko Svetlana ( \ 3) Chemiaev Alexander (8 1 ) Chigorin Mikhail (30) Cicvaric Dragos (28) Cohn Erich (2 1 , 23) Colle Edgar ( 1 60) Conquest Stewart (55) Damljanovic Branko ( 1 50) Davey (9 1 ) D e Firmian Nick (74) De Labourdonnais ( 1 4 1 ) Defosse ( \ 30) Delchev Aleksander ( 1 9) Deletang ( 1 6) Denker Amold (75) Deschapelles Alexandre ( 1 4 1 ) Deutsch ( 1 28) Dizdarevic Emir (39) Doettling Fabian (66) Donchenko Anatoly (73)

Drasko Milan (46) Dreev Aleksei (77) Dublan Mark Narciso (70) Dumpor Atif ( 105) Dunworth Christopher ( 1 0) Dura s Oldrich (20) Dworakowska Joanna ( 1 3) Djeric Kosta (4 1 ) Ebralidze A . ( 1 1 9) Ehlvest Jan ( 1 52) Ehrenfeucht Wojcie ( 1 4 1 ) Eperjesi Laszlo ( 1 2 1 ) Ermenkov Evgenij ( 1 1 8) Euwe Max (96, 1 1 0, 1 1 9) Ezat Mohamed (6 1 ) Fajnberg ( 1 1 0) Fine Reuben (20, 3 1 ) Fischer Robert (28, 38, 45, 47, 48, 52, 72, 76, 1 1 6, 1 22, 1 46) Flohr Salo (53, 70, 96) Foraseri ( \ 30) Franzen Jozef ( 1 40) Fressinet Laurent (70) Gamara Ceceres Carlos ( 1 30) Gaprindashvili Nona ( 1 57) Garcia Medina A. ( 1 1 8) Garcia Padron ( 1 04) Gausel Einar (74) Gavrilovic Leonardo (75) Gelfand Boris (69, 1 56) Geller Efim ( 1 06) Georgiev Kiril (76) Gerasimov ( 1 2 1 ) Gheorghiu Florin (57) Gipslis A ivars ( 1 59) Gligoric Svetozar (54, 7 1 , 1 1 6) Golod Vitali (32) Golombek Harry ( 1 09) Golovko ( 1 72) Gonzales Martin ( 1 04) Gorges ( 1 30) Greenfeld Alon ( 1 09) Gufeld Eduard ( 1 56)

Gulko Boris (59) Gurevich Mikhail (66, 68) Hazai Laszlo ( 1 3 1 ) Henneberger WaIter (36) H0\1 Vlastimil (79) I1escas Cordoba Miguel (77) I1yin Zhenevsky A. ( 1 1 7) Itkis Boris (95) Ivanchuk Vassily (68, 77) Ivanisevic Ivan ( 1 65) Ivanov Timur (8 1 ) Ivanovic Sreeko (46) Jacobs Byron ( 1 03) Jovanovic Nevenka ( 1 1 0) Kalinin Oleg (9 1 ) Kantsler Boris (76) Kapengut Albert ( 1 08) Karpov Anatoly (33, 4 1 , 60, 82, 1 3 2, 1 47, 1 49, 1 53, 1 59) Kashdan Isaae (47, 1 67) Kasparov Gary (30, 37, 54, 56, 93, 98, 99, 149, 1 5 3 , 1 56, 1 59, 163) Katalymov ( 1 1 5 ) Keres Paul (3 3, 1 07, 1 1 9) Khalifman Alexander (76, 163) Kholmov Ratmir ( 1 08) Kinnmark Ove (99) Kobaidze T. (65) Koberl ( 1 3 1 ) Koch Jean Rene (80) Koltanowski George (96) Komliakov Viktor ( 1 49) Konstantinopolsky A. (45) Koprivica Ceda ( 108) Kornev Alexei (60) Kortschnoi Victor ( 1 43, 1 82) Kosek (43) Kosic Dragan ( 1 55) Kosten Anthony (22) Kostic Milutin ( 1 05) Kotov Alexander (39, 95, 1 04, 105, 1 28, 1 29, 167) Kovalenko (9 1 ) Kramnik Vladimir (37, 5 8 , 75, 122) Kristanov ( 1 32)

1 76

Kristiansen Jens ( 1 1 5) Kugenek ( 1 28) Kupferstich ( 1 72) Kupreichik Victor ( 1 70) Kuraj ica Bojan (4 1 ) KUl1ic ( 1 3 1 ) Kuznetsov ( 1 29) Kuznetsov S. ( 1 56) Laketic Gojko (39) Langier Daniel ( 1 08) Larsen Bent ( 1 1 5) Lasker Emanuel (29, 85, 1 1 9, 121) Lautier Joel ( 1 8, 62, 7 5 , 80) Lazic Miroljub (62) Lechner Josef ( 1 9) Lee Francis Joseph ( 1 2 1 ) Leko Peter (5 1 ) Leussen Benjamin (20) Levenfish Grigory (49, 97) Lin Ta (94) Litv inov Vladimir ( 1 1 7) Loman R. J. ( 1 1 9) Lorens (97) Lowcki Moishe Leopoldo (2 1 ) Loyd Samuel (23, 42) Lubienski T. ( 1 1 9) Lugo (97) Lukaes Peter ( 1 50) Mackenzie George He nry ( 1 27) Magerramov Elmar (6 1 ) Makogonov Vladimir ( 1 1 5 , 1 1 8) Maljanovic Slavoljub (36) Marshall Frank (30) Martens ( 1 03) Martinez Gustavo ( 1 30) Masculo Jose S. ( 1 0) Mason James ( 1 27) Mastrovasilis Athanasios (80) Matanovie Aleksandar (64) Matulovic Milan (92, 1 03) Mecking Henrique ( 107) Mednis Edmar (28) M ieses Jaeques ( 1 20) Mikenas Vladas ( 1 17) Mikhalehishin Adrian (9 1 , 1 24) Miles Anthony ( 1 8, 1 20)

Milovanovic Rade ( 1 55) Minasian Artashes ( 1 1 5) Mirkovic Slobodan ( 1 9, 27, 28, 34, 37, 39, 40, 4 1 , 46, 48, 49, 50, 5 1 , 62, 63, 67, 99, 1 00, 1 05, 1 07, 1 08, 1 1 6, 1 23 , 1 4 1 , 1 5 5, 1 5 7, 1 63, 1 64, 1 68) Misojcic Miroslav (49, 1 4 1 ) Mokry Karel (49) Mukhin Mikhail ( 1 60) Murdzia Piotr (78) Najdorf M iguel (75, 1 3 1 ) Neikirkh Oleg ( 1 68) Netz ( 1 30) Nevedniehy Vladisav (74) Nikolic Predrag (79) Nikolov ( 1 32) Nimzowitsch Aaron (29, 40, 1 50) Ninov Kiril (27, 1 04) Noa Josef ( l69) Novoselski Zoran (40) Nunn John ( 1 09) O ' Kelly de Galway Alberie

( 1 28, 1 30) Olafsson Fridrik (57)

011 Lembit (75, 1 1 6) Onischuk Aexander (7 1 ) Opocensky Karel ( 1 05) Orlov ( l 72) Ortueta Esteban Mal1in ( 1 1 9) Otten H. (2 1 ) Padevsky Nikola ( 1 29, 1 73 ) Panov Vas ily ( 1 1 8, 1 20, 1 69) Panteleev Dimitur ( 1 07) Paoli Enrico (99) Pastor Manuel Rivas ( 1 4 1 ) Pedzich Dominik ( 1 4 1 ) Penrose Jonathan (95) Perez N. ( 1 3 3) Petronic Jovan (75) Petrosian Arshak B. ( 1 3 1 ) Petrosian Tigran (64, 1 1 6, 1 52, 167) Petrov Alehander ( 1 72) Philidor Francois Andre ( 1 5) Piket Jeroen (76) Planinee Albin (86)

Podvrsnik Marko ( 1 9) Pokojowczyk Jerzy (78, 1 74) Polgar Judit (98) Polugaevsky Lev ( 1 1 7) Ponomariov Ruslan (59, 1 1 7) Popovic Petar (95) Porat Yosef ( 1 73) Portisch Lajos (77) Prokop Frantisek (78) Radjabov Teimour (59) Radulov Ivan ( 1 74) Raicevic Momcilo (34) Rajher ( 1 68) Rajkovic Dulian (36) Rauzer Vsevolod (49, 97, 1 1 7) Razuvaev Yur i ( 1 22) Rechlis Gad ( 1 20) Reti Richard (22, 23, 1 59) Ribl i Zoltan (33) Rogozenko Dorian (74) Roza Jozef (63) Rodriguez E. G. ( 1 4 1 ) Roma nishin Oleg ( 3 2 , 1 06, 1 5 9) Romanovsky Peter ( 1 28) Rotstein ( 1 1 5) Rubinste in Akiba (57, 1 07 , 1 1 2, 1 5 9) Rublevsky Sergei (62) Sabjanov Rifat ( 1 23) Sadvakasov Darmen (58, 7 1 ) Saidy Anthony (52) Sajtar Jaroslav (97) Sakharov Yuri ( 1 1 5) Sakaev Konstantin (42, 1 08) Salvioli Carlo (35) Sampson M. ( 1 0) Santa Cruz Hugo ( 1 1 8) Sanz Aguado Jose ( 1 1 9) Sarenac Ivan ( 1 68) Savic Marijana ( 1 9) Savon Vladimir ( 1 I 7, 1 60) Schmid Lothar ( 108) Schmidt Wlodzimielz (30) Schreifert ( 1 30) Schulder ( 1 27) Sedlak Nikola ( 1 65) Seirawan Yasser ( 1 0, 69) Sekulic Dusan ( 1 63)

Selezniev Alehex (22) Serper G. (93) Shamkovich Leonid ( 1 20) Shereshevsky Mikhail (56) Shirov Alexei (20, 7 1 , 94, 99) Short Nigel D. ( 1 3 8) Simagin Vladimir (30) Skembris Spyridon (80, 1 07) Skrobek Ryzsard (9 1 ) hqo Smederevac Petar ( 1 1 8) Smirin Ilia ( 1 7) Smyslov Vassily (33, 1 1 6, 1 2 1 , 1 52, 1 59, 1 63 , 1 73) Socko Monika ( 1 3) Sokolov Andrei (38) Sokolov Ivan ( 1 22) Sorin Ariel (8 1 ) Sosonko Gennadi (60) Spassky Boris (28, 47, 72, 1 06, 146) Spiers (9 1 ) Stamatovic Aleksandar (99) Stefanov ( 1 73) Steinberg Mikhail (73) Steinitz Will iam ( 1 33) Stoica Valentin (34, 1 68) Stoltz Goesta (47, 1 29) Stoltze (97) Sunye Neto Jaime (42) Sveshnikov Evgeni ( 1 70) Sulava Nenad (48) Szabo Laszlo (36, 97) Szilagyi Peter ( 1 03)

Torre Repetto Carlos ( 1 32) Torres Antonio ( 1 27) Toth Aleksandar ( 1 68) Toth Jozsef ( 1 2 1 ) Tregubov Pavel (60, 79) Treybal Karel ( 1 46) Tringov Georgi ( 1 1 8)

Taimanov Mark (28, 45, 48, 74, 103, 1 1 6, 1 20) Tal Mihail (65, 1 5 2) Tarrasch Siegbert (40, 57, 1 69) Tatai Stefano ( 1 32) Teichmann Richard ( 1 40) Tepl itsky Van ( 1 6) Thong T. H. ( 1 49) Tibensky Robert ( 1 40) Timman Jan (2 1 , 32, 56, 13 8) Tipa1}' ( 1 3 1 ) Tirkajla Boris ( 1 64) Tolus Alexander ( 1 73 ) Tomic Slobodan (50) Tomorhuyag Nyamaa (93) Topalov Veselin ( 1 6 1 , 1 22) Toran Albero Roman ( 1 28)

Xie Jun ( 1 56) Xu Jun (68, 1 43)

Uhlmann Wolfgang (7 1 , 74, 1 1 8) Ulibin Mikhail (93) Unzicker Wolfgang (76, 95, 1 47) Vaganian Rafael (53, 86) Vaisser Anatoli (65, 1 03) Van Wely Loek (38, 1 6 1 ) Vasic Milena ( 1 3) Vasiukov Evgeni ( 1 03) Velikov Petar (94) Vigfusson Vigfus (1 05) Visier Segovia F ernando ( 1 20) Vogt Lothar (78, 1 59) Vuckovic Bojan ( 1 6) Vukovic Vladimir ( 1 28, 1 42) Walther Edgar (38) Waluud ( 1 03) Westerinen Heikki ( 1 74) Wijesuriya (98) Winawer Szymon ( 1 3 3) Winter William ( 1 45) Wirthensohn Hinz (79, 94)

Yates Frederick (5 1 ) Yudovich Mikhail ( 1 04) Yuferov Sergey (56) Zahodiakin (44) Zaichik Gennadi (40) Zajd ( 1 I 0) Zanobini A ( 1 1 0) Zapata Alonso (34, 82) Zimmelman Yuri ( 1 32) Zivkovic Ljubomir ( 1 1 6) Zivkovic Vel ibor ( 1 00) Zubarev Nikolay (52, 96) Zuckerman Bemard ( 1 22) 1 77

CONTENTS

In lieu of a foreword About the author

3 5

PARTO NE (Endings of Minor pieces) How to play endings Endings of Minor pieces Mate with pair of bishops Mate with knight and bishop Two knights A knight against a pawn Bishop against a pawn Knight and a pawn against knight Bishop and pawn against bishop Basic a draw positions A knight and the pawns against a knight and pawns Bishop and the pawns against the bishop and the pawn Bishops of opposite color Bishop against knight and pawn Bishop and pawn against knight Bishop and pawns against knight and pawns Pair of bishops against a knight and a bishop Pair of bishops against two knights

Pair of bishops against the pair of bishops Two knights against two knights

74 78

PART TWO (Miraculous world of combinations) 9 10 11 14 17 18 20 23 24 26

Theory o f combinations brief summary Combinations with sacrifice: - a knight and pawn - Ibishop and pawn - rook and pawn - queen and pawn

85 89 101 1 13 1 25

PART THREE (Strategic motives)

27 31 35 42 43 45 54 70

Strategic motives King attacks Alekhine's battery Spassky's cover Petrosian's quality sacrifice Kasparov's quality sacrifice Reti's battery Diagonal weakness Bishop in the isolation Rook in the isolation Index of names Contents

137 138 143 1 47 1 50 1 53 1 57 161 165 1 70 1 75 1 78