Catalytic activity of an intermetallic compound of cadmium and copper on the vapor phase reduction of nitrobenzene

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of the Graduate School fulfillment of the requirements f o r th e

of Doctor of Philosophy In€l ana llnlwr s1ty , *

ProQ uest Number: 10295100

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work was carried o u t at the suggestion

and- with tha assistance o f Fr-o.fassor G* ¥*>. Brown* without whose anoow^g-eisafit this work cotald not haw been done*.

B# has wp grateful appreciation*

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m m t f t f m activity m m z n m n m m 'i M m o o m m m n ow OADOTUM GOFFER C M THE VAPOR Pil*3E Rsmjcfioif or h o t g m w i

Introduction When a m ix tu r e o f c a t a l y s t s i s u sed * t h e r e s u l t wmj b e a d d it iv e *

t o some c a s e s * h o w r o r ., a f o r e i g n su b ­

s t a n c e may pro-mote th e a c t i v i t y o f a c a t a l y s t *

I f a co­

b a l t c a t a l y s t c o n t a in s .some n ic ie s !* t h e sp e e d i s g r e a t l y en h anced *

When t h e n e t e f f e c t 1 ® g r e a t e r th a n th e sum

o f t h e in d e p e n d e n t e f f e c t # * I t %& c a l l e d p rom oter a c t io n * In o t h e r in s t a n c e s * th e p r e s e n c e o f a f o r e i g n s u b s ta n c e may p o is o n a c a t a l y s t *

to a d and p la tin u m f a l l i n t o t h i s

c a t e g o r y * m u tu a lly p o is o n in g ea c h o th e r *

While .mixtures of catalysts have been studied* an investigation of the literature rewaled that there

was no published data on the ua© of definite intermetall i e compounds as reduction catalysts in the vapor phase w it h th© exception of the work reported by Brown* Borla n d * Johnson, and G r i l l s ,

1

who used the Inte metallic

compounds of thallium and lead* $XgPb* a m thallium and b is m u th , fl^Bi* which they found to- possess in general t h e same c a t a l y t i c power as t h a t o f the components*

This paper deals with an in v w s tigation of the use of an i n t e m e t a l H o compound of cadmium and copper, ^Brown, 0* W*., B o rla n d * J* 3. * Job no on* 3* ,hj and drills, R* C« J* Bars- Chem- 42 (1939).

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In iba- vapor* phase reduction of nitrobenzene to th e interm®i si 11o compound ha© a maximzm free z*~

art!line *

ins point of 3$5°®-** ithloh i s much fe lle r th a n that of cadmium alone*

The use of copper alone ms Investigated

by Brow tod Henke^ a n d th® m o st e f f i c i e n t o p e r a t i n g temperatur© was .found t o b e 260°,0,* -The us® o f cadm ium alone was investigated by Brown and Hartman^ and the most e f f e c t i v e o p e r a t i n g t e m p e r a t u r e was. fo u n d t o b e 319°G* jt

i s t h e object o f t h i s i n v e s t i g a t i o n t o d e ­

t e r m i n e th® m o st e f f e c t i v e o p e r a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s f o r t h e vapor p h a s e r e d u c t i o n o f n i t r o b e n z e n e t o a n i l i n e w ith the use o f Cd^Ou^ J> .