Callimachus: Hymns and Epigrams. Lycophron. Aratus [2 ed.] 0674991435, 9780674991439

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THE( purch

The MacD

gs to

COLLECTION ith the aid of

wart Foundation

m

THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY EDITED BY E.

CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D.

T. E.

PAGE,

LlTT.D.

W. H.

CALLIMACHUS LYCOPHRON ARATUS

D.

ROUSE, LlTT.D

CALLIMACHUS AND

LYCOPHRON WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY A.

W. MAIR,

D.Lrrr.

PROFESSOR OF GREEK, EDINBURGH UNIVERSITY

ARATUS WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY G. R.

MAIR, M.A.

HEADMASTER OF

SPIER'S SCHOOL, BEITH

LONDON: WILLIAM HEINEMANN G, P. PUTNAM'S SONS

NEW YORK:

MCMXXI

PREFACE THIS volume was intended to appear in 1914. The delay occasioned by the war, while it has doubtless enabled improvements to be made in detail, has at the same time

made

it

hard to observe a meticulous

consistency. Such as it

is, the hope may be permitted that the be found helpful as an introduction to the The scholar will readily Alexandrine literature. understand that the limitations of this series compelled us to partial statement where full discussion was desirable he will understand, too, that to secure even such statement as we could attempt, we had to In particular, it may study the severest compression. be explained that, to satisfy the limits required for publication, a very considerable amount of work had to be ruthlessly jettisoned. At the same time the

book

will

;

most cordially and gratefully acknowledge that the Editors of the series have done their utmost, by an unusual concession in the matter of notes, to translators

render the volume useful.

To enumerate the names at

of the scholars who have one time or another given us advice on special v

PREFACE

vi

points might

the book.

seem

to exaggerate the importance of But, while the translators are alone

responsible for their final decisions, they gratefully remember among those who have aided them :

the Astronomer Royal, Sir Frank Dyson Mr. W. T. Vesey Mr. E. W. Maunder the Astronomer Royal ;

;

;

for Scotland, Professor Sampson ; Professor Cossar Ewart; Professor E. T. Whittaker; Mr. F. J, M.

Dr. T. G. Smyly; Professor A. S. Stratton, D.S.O. Hunt Professor Burnet Professor Arthur Platt ; ;

;

;

and among the younger men qui olim memorabuntur, Mr. E. P. Dickie, M.C., and Messrs. A. and N. Porteous for help in revising the Professor Phillimore

;

proofs.

To the a

warm

which

& R. Clark we owe Mr. William Maxwell has shown

firm of Messrs. R.

our cordial thanks.

personal interest in the progress of the work in accordance with the best traditions of

is

To Messrs. Clark's accomplished Scottish printing. Reader we desire to offer no merely formal acknowledgement of the vigilance and scholarship by which the book has been materially improved. A.

W. M.

G. R. M.

CONTENTS I.

CALLIMACHUS INTRODUCTION

:

1.

The

2.

Callimachus

3.

Works The Manuscripts

....

Life of Callimachus

and

the

6 11

of the

Hymns

BIBLIOGRAPHY INTRODUCTION TO CALLIMACHUS'S

THE HYMNS THE EPIGRAMS THE FRAGMENTS

1

Alexandrine

Library 4.

PAGE

.

.

13

16

HYMNS

.

18

36 136 :

Aitia

183

The Lock of Berenice

224 230 232 238 238 240 270 300

Branchus

Epigrams Galateia

Grapheum Hecale

Iambi

Fragments of Uncertain Location vii

.

.

CONTENTS

viii

II.

ARATUS INTRODUCTION

:

...... ....... .... ..... ........ Bibliography INTRODUCTION TO THE PHAENOMENA THE PHAENOMENA ........ 1.

2.

3.

The Life of Aratus The Manuscripts The Scholia

4.

.

III.

.

PAGE

359 364 366 366 369 380

LYCOPHRON INTRODUCTION 1.

2. 3. 4. 5.

6.

:

The Life of Lycophron Works The Manuscripts The Paraphrases The Scholia

.....

490 490 492 494

......

619

Bibliography

ALEXANDRA

477 480 488

.......... ....... ....... ... ...... ........ ......... .

INDEX OF PROPER NAMES

.

MAPS OF THE STARS

At end

ADDENDUM Bibliography of Lycophron p. 492 Viscount Royston, translation and notes, Cambridge, at the University Press, 1806. :

Add

INTRODUCTION 1.

THE LIFE OF CALLIMACHUS

OUR authorities for the life of Callimachus are a notice in Suidas s.v. KaAAi/xaxos and various references in other authors. " Suidas says Callimachus, son of Battus and of Mesatma, Cyrene, grammarian, pupil of Hermocrates of lasos, the grammarian [an authority upon accents, Gr. Lat. iv. 530 f. Keil], married the daughter of Euphrates of Syracuse. His sister's son :

was Callimachus the younger, who wrote an epic, On Islands. So diligent was he that he wrote poems in every metre and also wrote a great number of works in prose. The books written by him amount in all to more than eight hundred. He lived in the times of Ptolemy Philadelphus [reigned 285-247 B.C.]. Before his introduction to that king he taught grammar in He survived to the Eleusis, a hamlet of Alexandria. time of Ptolemy, surnamed Euergetes, and Olympiad 127 [an error, see below], in the second year of which Ptolemy Euergetes began to reign." "

Suidas gives also a notice of his nephew Callimachus of Cyrene, epic poet, nephew of the preceding son of Stasenor and Megatima, sister of Callimachus." From this Hemsterhys conjectured that in the first notice also Megatima should be read for Mesatma. :

B

1

INTRODUCTION TO CALLIMACHUS The most probable date on the whole for the birth learn from Fit. of Callimachus is circ. 310 B.C. Aral. i. that Callimachus, both in his epigrams and also tv rots TT/OOS HpaLdvr]i>, referred to Aratus as older than himself. But as they were fellow-students at Athens the difference of age is not likely to have been considerable we may put the birth of Aratus in 315, that of Callimachus in 310. Callimachus claimed to be descended from Battus, the founder of Cyrene (Find. P. iv., v., Hdt. iv. 155 ff.): Strabo xvii. 837 Aeyercu 8e f) Kvpyvrj KTioyza BCITTOV irpoyovov Se TOVTOV eavrou d(TKL KaAAi/mxos. In any case he belonged to a family of some eminence, and we learn from himself that his grandfather had distinguished himself in military

We

:

affairs (Epigr. xxiii.).

While still a young man he was, along with Aratus, a pupil of Praxiphanes the Peripatetic philosopher (author of treatises On Poetry, On History, etc.), in Athens (Fit. Arat. i., iv., and the Latin Fit. Arat.) probably circ. 287-281. Subsequently, as Suidas tells us, he was a teacher in Eleusis, a suburb of Alexandria; afterwards he was introduced to the court of Ptolemy Philadelphus, in whose service he continued apart from occasional excursions till his death circ. 235 B.C. The statement in Suidas that Callimachus Tra/oereive [AXP L To ^ Eve/)yerov KXrjOtvTos HEroAe/miou [came to the throne in 247], oAv/z7ria) of inconvenient size we have the evidence of Callimachus himself in Hymn. Apoll. 105ff. "Spake Envy privily in the ear of Apollo ' I admire not the poet who singeth not songs in number as the sea.' Apollo spurned Envy with his ' Great is the stream of the foot, and spake thus much but filth of earth and much river, Assyrian refuse it carries on its waters. And not of every water do the Melissae carry to Deo, but of the trickling stream that springs from a holy fountain, " It pure and undefiled, the very crown of waters.' fanciful be to the might equate Xv^ara (schol. Hymn i. 17 XvfJLara,' KaBapfjLara) and KaOapr/ of this passage with the KaOap/jLa of Apollonius' epigram but in any case the schol. on this passage says expressly ey/s VTTO nroAtjuaiov TOV a7;) Miscellaneous (rwi/ TravroSaTrw^, Athen. 244 A). The Pinaces gave also the opening words of each book arid the number of lines it contained (Athen. 244 A, 585s; Harpocrat. s.v. "Iwi/). 15. Table of the Glosses and Compositions of Democritus (IIiVa TWV A^yaoK/JiTou yAwo-o-aiv /cat 16. Local Month-names (M?;vwv TT/OOCTo-vvTay/xartuv). 17. Foundations of rjyoptai Kara ZOvos Kal TroAeis). KaAAt/za^os

tv T( Tpirut Trt'va/a

;

;

;

;

;

Islands

and

Cities

and changes of name (KrtVeis

Known only /xerovo/xacTiai). the Rivers in Europe. A sub23. 19. On strange and marvellous A sub- title 'of things in Peloponnesus and Italy. 12 VTJa-iov

Kal

TroAewv

from Suidas. title of No.

18.

Kal

On

INTRODUCTION TO CALLIMACHUS No.

20.

24.

He/36

ptTovofJLacrias

21.

l\Qvuv.

ave/xwv.

Probably sub-titles of the 'E0.

below).

22.

(see This, cited by have been a sub-

On Birds (IIe/)t

'Ovo/x.

o/avewv).

Athen. 388 D as Ile/ot opviOuv, may 23. On the of the 'E0. 'Ovo/A. (see below). Rivers of the World (Ile/oi rwv tv rfj oli