Callimachus: Aetia, Iambi, Hecale and other fragments. / Musaeus: Hero and Leander [Reprint ed.] 9780674994638, 0674994639

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THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOUNDED BY JAMES LOEB EDITED

BY

G. P. GOOLD PREVIOUS

EDITORS

T. E. PAGE

E. CAPPS

W. H. D. ROUSE

L. A. POST

E. H. WARMINGTON

CALLIMACHUS FRAGMENTS

MUSAEUS HERO·ANI):LEANDER

LCL421

CALLIMACHUS AETIA · IAMBI · HEQALE AND.OTHER FRAGMENTS EDITED AND TRANSLATED

BY

C. A. TRYPANIS

MUSAEUS HERO AND LEANDER EDITED BY

THOMAS GELZER TRANSLATED

BY

CEDRIC WHITMAN·

HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS LONDON,ENGLAND

Copyright© 1958, 1975 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved

CONTENTS

CALLIMACHUS

CALLIMACHUS

First published 1958 Reprinted 1968, 1975, 1978, 1989

MUSAEUS First published 1975 Reprinted 1978, 1989

PAGE

vii

INTRODUCTION

AE·raIntroduction Text and TranslationBook I Book II Book III Book IV Unplaced Fragments

Introduction

2

4 32

42 68 88

•

Text and Translation

103

104

Lvnrc PoEMsPrinted in Great Britain by St. Edmundsbury Press Ltd, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk, on woodjree paper. Bound by Hunter & Foulis Ltd, Edinburgh, Scotland.

Introduction Text and Translation

•

159 160

HECALEIntroduction

Text and Translation

,

176 lij() V

CONTENTS MINOR

EPIC AND. ELEGIAC POEMS-

228

Text and Translation FRAGMENTS OF EPIGRAMS-

CALLIMACHUS

246

Text and Translation

INTRODUCTION FRAGMENTS

OF UNCERTAIN

LocATION-

Text and Translation

,

252 391

INDEX

MUSAEUS HERO

AND LEANDER-

Preface Introduction Text and Translation Index

,

291 297 844 421

VERY little is known about the life of Callimachus either from his own writings, or from other sources. a The available information, however, enables us to trace a bare outline. The family of Callimachus came from Cyrene; and - in fact the poet claimed to be descended from Battos, the founder of the city,b His parents were called Battos and Megatime, c and he himself was named after his grandfather, a Cyrenean general.1c aet~~n m_hexarr~ctc1s. b Compare, e.g., fr. 64, The 1omb of Simamdes, with frs. 67-7 5, ..1.conti1tsand Cyd·ippe. • The title of the poem may _refer !o t,he first part of the can be s~en work, a practice not unknown m antiquity, '.'-5. from Cato's Origines, which begin with the ?r1gms of Italian cities but later deal with their subsequent h1stor:i;. d See frs. 68*-64 66-67 and gg*-93, 95-96. Ovid may have followed the exam'ple of Aetia i-ii in the sti~ucture_of the Fasti, and Propertius in the fourth book of his elegies that of Aetia iii-iv. ., b · l'f 'ff * Fragment not included ,111 tlus. ed1t10n, ut m e1 er, Oallimachi Fragrnenta. (t

number of aetia contained in each book is unknown ; it is evident that they received very val'ied treatment. This variety, togethet· with the lively personal and realistic touches, introduced into the: nat·t·ative by the poet, never allowed the work to degene1·ate into an arid handbook of obscure mythology. It is probable that Callimachus prepared a revised second edition of the Aetia to be included in the edition of his collected works. As the last aetion of this second edition we find the Plokamos (fr. 110), which must have been earlier published independently.a It was suitably altered to fit in with the general scheme of the revised edition,b To this also belongs the extant Epilogue (fr. 1HJ), the last line of which would otherwise be unintelligible : atJTd.pJyco Mow(C.ov a[ ] r'l}KfitV -q1rapEma-raµ,Evov, •• ••·.•••••••.JP.E'IJ!' ~&A],roa;,x~s- a.\Aa Ka.0l.\.K~, 10 •..• ] ,roAv 'T7JV µ,a.Kp7JV oµ,wia 0Eaµoef,opo[s-· ~

1 suppl. Vogliano.

The Telchines were described as inhabitants of Crete, Rhodes, Sicyon, Ceos or Cyprus. They were said to be the first workers in metal, but of ill report as spiteful sorcerers. Callimachus calls his literary enemies Telchines, using the word in the sense of "spiteful backbiters." The Scnolia Florentina to this passage {Pfeiff. i, p. S) give some of their names ; among them are those of Asclepiades and Posidippus, the famous Alexandrian poets (mainly known to us through their epigrams in the Palatine Anthology), and of Praxiphanes of Mitylene, a distinguished contemporary grammarian and philosopher, against whom Callimachus wrote (c/. fr. 460•). • Elfaµ.o,,6cSpos-Law-bringingDemeter. • According to PfeUFer'sreading of the Scholia Flor,ntina in this mutilated passage (II. 9 ff.) the short poems of Philetas of Cos (born c. 320 B,C, and in a sense the founder of the 4 0

(I KNOW that) the Telchines, 11,,who,are ignorant a.nd no friends of the Muse, grumble at my poetry, because I did not accomplish one continuous poem of many thousands of lines on • • . kings .or . . . 5 heroes, but like a child I roll forth a short tale, though the decades of my years are not few. And I (say) this to the Telchines : " ... race, who know how to waste away your heart .... of few lines~-but 10 bountiful Demeter b by far outweighs the long c • • ., Alexandrian school of poetry) and of Mimnermus of Colophon (ft. c. 630 B,c.-'-he is supposed to have introduced the amatory element into early Greek elegy) are coiµpared with their longer compositions and judged superior. ·;The " bountiful Demeter" could then be Philetas' nar.r&tive:elegy Dtmeter, which recounted the wandei'ings,of.the:goddess; the name of · the long. poem, with which' it"was~coll}pared, is lost. The " Large Woman " (I. H), could! ,beUthe·Nanna, the famous elegy, of Mimnermus, named,,a'fter'the Lydian flute-girl he is said to have loved (cf. Asclep. Anth. Pal. ix. 63), or even his historical poem Smyrne~. The K ~ > \ '-' "8 KO.Lyap OTE 1rpwrtO''TOV EJ,l,OLS' E1TL OEl\'TOV E 'Y)KO. , 'A 1T0N\WV I\\ ,. ., I • yovvauw, EL1TEV O µoi AVKL0S'

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11 suppl, Housman. !2 p'l)a,n] suppl. Rostagnl, 13 suJ?_pl,e.g. L. : init. fort. µaKp)pv Pf. · 16 inlt, suppl.

Pf. : !'['18ovl8,slHousman. 24 8pi,f,a,suppl. Pf. : n}]r Hu. 26 8' cod. 27 e.g. suppl. Hu. 6

18 suppl. Housman, 25 e.g. suppl. Hu. 28 suppl. Pf,

and of the two poems the small-scale . . . and not the Large Woman taught that Mimnermus is a delightful poet , , . let the crane, delighting in the blood of the Pygmies," fly (far) from ~gypt to the 16 land of the Thracians and let the Massagetae b shoot their arrows from a great distance at the Medes ; but poems are sweeter for being short.• Begone, you baneful race o( Jealousy ! hereafter judge poetry by (the canons) of art, and not by the Persian chain,d 20 nor look to me for a song loudly resounding. It is not mine to thunder; that belongs to Zeus." For, when I first placed a tablet on my knees, Lycian ° Apollo said to me : " . . . poet, feed the victim to be as fat as possible but, my friend, keep the Muse .26slender. This too I bid you: tread a path which carriages do not trample ; do not drive your chariot upon the common tracks of others, nor along a wide road, but on unworn paths, though your course. be " The Pygmies, a fabulous race of dwarfs on the upper Nile, were said to have been warred on and destroyed by cranes. b The Massagetae were a Scythlan people, to the east of the Caspian Sea. Like the Medes, they were famous archel's and fou~ht from a great distance '.' trusting their far-reaching bows " (Herod. i. 214). • If Housman's supplement slh18ovl8fs]is right, it wo1'1d a')8wv " nig)itingale " in the sense of mean short/oems. poem is use by Callimachus in Epigr, Ii, 5, d The Persian chain, the schoenua, was a (Persian) landmeasure used especially _inEgypt ; its length was val'lonsly reckoned from 80 to 60 stades. • Epithet of Apollo, explained in various ways : the wolfs!ayer, the Lycian god, or the god of light. We are also told that: " transfiguratus in· lupum (r\uKov)cum Cyrene concubuit " (Serv, ad Verg. Atn. Iv. 177 ; cf, Schol. Lond. in Pfeiff, i, p. 7). Callime.chi.ts,who spent his early years in Cyrene, must"have learnt there how to read and write.

7

AETIA

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suppl. L.

Lobel: 'ffnuav PPf. .\f{l]o[vs-J. prop. Pf. 7 suppl. L. a

16

Alcinoils and that of Hyllus. According to Ap. Rh. iv. 1125 the Argonauts came to the harbour of Hyllus,

18

Tv]v3apfom

I

• they (reached the island) a of the Phaeacians . leading a swarm . . . (he) built a Corcyrean 5 settlement ; cast out again fro~ there they founded Amantine in the land of Oricus, l> And these things were to be fulfilled thus long after . . •

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5 suppl. Pf.

6 suppl. Pf •

Castor and Polydeuces were sons of Zeus, according to

. . . the Tyndaridae a • • • they first supplicated Zeus . . . and they asked the other Immortals to 5 aid the ship of the well-built keel. 0 But the son of Aeson, c grieving at heart, was lifting his hands to you, Ieios,a and was promising to send many gifts to Delphi and many to Delos/ if you would drive away from the ship the misty cloud . . . that obeying 10 your oracle, Phoebus, they loosened the hawsers and Hom. Hymn. 33. I : here, and in Hesiod, they are the sons of Tyndareus and Leda. They were considered saviours of sailors in peril. b The Argo. • Jason, the leader of the expedition. d Epithet of Apollo derived from the invocation, l~ or l~wa",w, • " The Quail-island." 17

AETIA

CALLIMACHUS I

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allotted the oars a • • • they beat the bitter water •.. (an altar) named after Apollo the Embarker . . . in Pagasae . . .

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an oracle of Apollo. An altar was set up to " Apollo the Embarker " at Pagasae in Thessaly, the place where they embarked.

10 suppl. Pf. o

The Argonauts are said to have set out in obedience to

19 19 Me>.av,-dovs-8' ETTL 'TTErpa.s-

on the rocks of Melas.a

• The Melantean Rocks were near the island of Thera. They were named after Melas, the founder of Naxos, who

was shipwrecked there. 0/. Ap. Rh. iv. 1706 ff., who describes Apollo in this episode as " swift to hear " the prayers of the Argonauts, and coming " down from ·heaven to the Melantean Rocks, which lie there in the (Cretan) sea."

20

20

.. . and the clouds were tom asunder. 21

-r6cf,pa8' d.v,~aovaa.\6cf,ovflock eypero T,,-w Aaoµe8ov,-elep]11a,81. xpoia·aaµ[iv'1} 5

]

µera. 8µ,a,711cl8as-, .€vauµ.o; appeared in the cult of Demeter. Demeter was called Rarias from the field of Rarus neat· Eleusis where tillage was " first " practised, and which was sacred to Demeter.

22-23

22-23

(THE SACRIFICE AT LINDUS)

(SACRIFICIUM LINDIUM)

22

22

a farm.er cutting the seed furrow.a • The outline of the story is that Heracles came upon a ploughing Lindian peasant, and asked him for food ; when the man refused Heracles took one of his oxen, killed it and feasted on it, while the owner stood helplessly by cursing him, The name of the Rhodian peasant is not known, but in some of our sources the story of Thiodamas (frs. 24-25)

has been confused with that of the Lindian sacrifice and Thiodamas is quoted as the man whose ox Heracles kilied in Lindus. The citizens of Lindus are said to have sacrificed to Heracles ever· after with blasphemous words. The " Lindian sacrifice " (according to others " The Rhodian sacrifice ") became proverbial in the Greek world 1 and was applied to those who sacrificed· blasphemously to the gods. E. ('>., Barber suggests that fr, 530 probably belongs to this aetion.

28

23

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22

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since a thorn had pricked him in the sole of his foot.a But he,b raging with hunger, grasped your chest and was pulling at the hair. And your laughter, 6 Sire, was mixed with sorrow, until sprightly old Thiodamas, still a mighty man, while ploughing met you crossing the thrice-turned fallow, He held a ten-foot pole, both a goad for the oxen and a measure for the land ... "good day, of friends .. , greatly prayed 10 for . . . and at once, I bid you, if there is anything in the bag hung from your shoulder just enough to drive away great hunger from the child, bring it out; and I will always remember your friendly gift," But " Heracles, on passing through the land of the Dryopes, and being In want of food for his young son Hyllus, unyoked and killed one of the oxen of King Th!odamas, whom he found at the plough, War ensued, the Dryopes were defeated, and Hylas, son of Thiodamas, taken as hostage. Hence Heracles got the epithet Bouthoinas, Feaster on oxen (cf. Call. Hymn iii. 161). b Hyllus, the son of Heracles. 23

AETIA

CALLIMACHUS t \ atrrap

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, ' I ~ ' , " I ,,, Op0 V 1rpW'TO', E7TE£ TDV -ravpov EKatVLGEV OS' TOV 0/\E EVpE -rov EVxaAKq>Kilt 1TVpty,yv6µ,Evov 88 I

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followed his example.a

his victims were confined and roasted alive. The example he followed was that of the Egyptian king, Busiris, (See note to fr. 46.)

46

• . . because it was he that devised the death through bronze and fire, who first handselled the bull. 4

46

1. -1

PHALARIS

4 PeriIJos, who constructed the bronze bull, was the first person whom Phalaris had thrown into it. (See fr, 45, n. a.)

89

CALLIMACHUS

AETIA

48

48

, • • and how Zeus loved passionately for three hundred years.a m

In the reign of Cronus, Zeus is said to have made secret

love to Hera for three hundred years Hephaestus was the child of that union. ·

49

49

•• , (of) the daughter of Tammes.a.

T aµµ£w evya-rlpos There were three daughters of Tammes or Athamas, the Boeotian, or, according to other sources, Thessalian hero: Helle, Themisto and Euryclea, It is not known about 0

which of the~ Callimachus is speaking here. The poet ma alsoTeos. be referrmg to Area, daughter of Athamas , th e fioun d et)'. of

51

. : , :ince she is the only town which knows how to pity. . 51 tl

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oio£ µov'Y)1TO/\tWV

0 The reference is _to Athens, often celebrated in Greek poetry for her humanity and hospitality.

,. I .I

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Ii !

,/

40

4-1

[AITION

AETIA : BOOK III

r'J

Ordo fabularum in posteriore huius libri parte narratarum (fr. 64-85) certus est; cetera libri tertii fragmenta quae illis fabulis assignari nequeunt (fr. 55-59) ante illam seriem continuam collocavi.

(The sequence of the fragments in Book III is unknown until fr. 63.)

55-59 (MOLORCHUS)

55-59

55

(MOLORCHUS)

55

~,6.

'TDVµ,~v apiaicvS~. eiv,, avfjKE "Apyo, E01:iv,i'.S,6v7TEp EDVMxo,, aAAa. yevl8>q1 Z71vo,07TWS"aico-rtri'TP1/XtJS" ae8>..o, lo, • The lion of Nemea, b Argos was sacred to Hera. ' Heracles was the son of Zeus and Alcmene. While on his way to kill the lion of Nemea, Heracles, we are told, came to Cleonae. There he was the guest of a poor man named Molorchus who, when about to sacrifice to the gods, was asked by the hero to put it off for thirty days : if by

TRE quick-tempered consort of Zeus unloosed him 0 to ruin Argos, though her allotted portion,b and as a hard laboQr to the unlawful offspring of Zeus.c

then Heracles did not return Molorchus was told to sacrifice in his honour ; if on the other hand he did return the sacrifice was to. be in honour of Zeus the Saviour •. Heracles came back victorious upon the thirtieth day, and found Molorchus preparing the sacrifice, which was then held in honour of Zeus the Saviour. Heracles left Cleonae, and brought the lion's body to Mycenae.

57 57

I· i

' \ • ,I. I I ,;,• ., av-ro, ETrL'l'pa ] I .t6a vel potius 11,6v>.t6a Pf. 14 suppl. L. 0 Briefly the story is this. Acontius, a handsome youth of Ceos, saw Cydippe with her nurse at the yearly festival at Delos. Falling in love at sight, he followed her to the temple · of Artemis, where he threw in the way of her attendant an apple inscribed with the words : " I swear by Artemis to marry Acontius." The attendant handed the apple to Cydippe, who read the inscription, and, realizing the oath by which she was unintentionally binding herself, threw it

50

a

Eaos himself taught Acontius the art, when the youth was ablaze with love for the beautiful maiden Cydippe-for he was not cunning-that he might gain for all his life the ·name of a lawful husband. 5 For, Lord of Cynthus,b he came from Iulis O and she from Naxos to your oxcsacrifice in Delos ; his blood was of the family of Euxantius,a and she was a descendant of Promethus," both beautiful stars ofthe islands. Many mothers asked for Cydippe, still a 10 child, as bride for their sons, offering horned oxen as gifts. For no one with a face looking more like dawn came to the moist spring ofol\1:,\,J.\ (U\/\ . EVL or,

. . . for that reason side on every pretext.

but on your bark may you bear so many carved letters as will say that Cydippe is beautiful. a other objects together with the epithet Kalos, Kale, " beautiful."

58

\ \ l\tpos

> I f eyw, Tt

CALLIMACHUS

AETiA

74

74

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56

thought of marriage ; a third time again a deadly A fourth time her father could endure it no more, but (set off to Delphian ?) Phoebus, who in the night spoke and said : " A solemn oath by Artemis frustrates yoµr child's marriage. For my sister was not then vexing Lygdamis,a neither in Amyclae's b shrine was she weaving rushes, nor in the river Parthenios O was 26 she washing her stains after the hunt ; she was at home in Delos when your child swore that she would have Acontius, none other for bridegroom. But, Ceyx, if you will take me for your counsellor, you 30 will fulfil the oath of your daughter .... For I say that in the person of Acontius you will not be mingling lead with silver, but electrum a with shining gold. You, the father of the bride,are sprung from Codrus•; the Cean bridegroom springs from the priests of Zeus Aristaeus the lcmian/ priests whose business 35 it is upon the mountain tops to placate stern Maera g when she rises, and to entreat from Zeus the wind whereby many a quail is entangled in the linen nets."

2o chill settled on Cydippe.

• A king of the Cimmerians, who burnt ·the temple of Artemis at Ephesus, c. 670 B.c. b In Laconia, by the river Eurotas. ' River in Fontus, a haunt of Artemis. d Not amber, but the metallic alloy of gold and silver. • The last king of Athens. t Aristaeus, son of Apollo and Cyrene, who, when Ceos was suffering from pestilence, owing to the heat of the Dog· Star, went there and built an altar to Zeus Icmaeus or Icmius, i.e. Zeus as God of Moisture, and established an annual sacrifice for him and Sirius on the hills of the island. Ever after Zeus caused the Etesian Winds to blow for forty days after the rise of Sirius. Hence Aristaeus was worshipped · in Ceos as Zeus Aristaeus, • The hound of Erigone. As a star= Sirius, or else Procyon.

57

CALLIMACHUS

AETIA

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• ' ovK ' ava ' fJaf\f\Oµevov,. \\ ' t7TOVvµ'Y}vatov,

E

ov aE DOK€WT'Y}µov-ro,,'AK6vnE, VVK'TO,EKElV'Y}, 45 av-rl ICE, -rfi µl-rp'Y},rfipao 7Tap0Evl'Y},, ,J_ I 'I,l.' \ , , , , ov, a'l'vpov '1'£Kf\E£OV e1n-rpexov aa.-raxvEaaw Ml8'Y}, ov8' 8. KEAatVl-r'Y},EK'TECl.'Tta-ro ,;- 'I: 0 ,/,,,J_ O,;-> av ,, , , , 'I' oEsaa at, '!''YJ'l'OV Eµ'Y},ETTtµap-rvpE,EtEV ol'.-rwE,ov xai\rnov v~i8J, dat 0Eov. 50 EK 8~ yaµov KElvoto µl.y' ovvoµa µeAAEvl.m0at· c:-' yap ' E"0' vµETEpov • ' ,,_A\ 'A KOV'Ttaoat ,,;O'YJ 'l'Vf\OV n Kai 7TEplnµov 'lov,\£8, VatETaovaw, 7TOVAV I! KEtE, TEOV8' ~µEt, ZµEpov EKAVoµEv I ) > / ,_ It;: t/ ,.. 'TOVOE Trap apxatoV c!.EVOJl,'YJDEO,, 7TO'TE 7Taaav 55 vrjaov EVi µv~µT} KaT0E'TO µv0o,\6yt.p, ,, I ,I.. , / K / . apxµEvo, w, vvµ'l'r,aw evatE-ro wpvKinaiv, Ilapv'Y}aaov At, J8twtE µl.ya,, TdS a.1To '0 EPV ovaa

I 1Tap€Las

gf [0a'A.µ,o ]fs l!µ,1TaAL [ .... ]oµ,Ev[

l61v yap TOLUL Mv }1iiv-raKai .ot Mt'A.71-rov llvaiov avv0wL]71,µ,ovv[71sV7JOV ls] 'Ap-rlµ,i8o, tvvfj 7T]w'A.~[fo0ai N77]~77t8os· d'A.'A.a av -rfjµ,os ,BovKT ] KVJ.LCI

OlJO E'Tt •I

'1'7)11 me' tWV ErXEV \

'V

>

O.VO.K'1'0pt7JII

Ef,\Evcod. v .1.

96

/

, . . nor was he yet ruler of the inhabitants of Phthia.a • The reference is probably to Peleus.

97

I CALLIMACHUS

AETIA

186

186

(HYPERBOREI)

JvwE,~a,a,

avv ?[E]K[a],[ a]{cp ]ovaw 8i:a 11'€,Evpa[cp6p]cp

4

]v vfo; 'Y 1t'Epf]op€wv . 'Pma,ov 1t'Efl,1t'0Vaw a'Tt' ovpEOS,3.. •1X'µ,a'Aw-ra 10 ,€p1t'OVUUI llt'Tt'apa,..\~v]wv YE 1rpw,a IlEAaay,Ko[i 'E.\>.om71Es ES'Ap,µ.a ]a1rEt17s8Et8Jxa,a, Ko[µ.]~[ 871,. ., ev8Ev]€7Tt11,6>.ufsTE Kai ou[pEa MaAt8osa,17, a,€A~o]va,v N4ov ~fiTESg.[vm,61rooES I

I

)

,

,,

;a

15

]

9ns .,:\'7JKW • Ca!limnchus is a Hipponax redivivus, who comes from 104

LISTEN

to Hipponax," for indeed I have come from

Hades to admonish the Alexandrian scholars. Hipponax of. Ephesus, c. 550 s.c., famous iambographer. 105

CALLIMACHUS

EK'TWVOKOV fJovv Ko">.>.:&fJov 1H7rp~O'KOVCJtV. .J.I " ~ / t II:, 'f'EpWV 1,0.fL,-,OV ovt µax.11v ae,oOV'Ta 'TT}V BovmiAE,ov [

26 c.u7roAAov, cLv8pES', ws -rrap'a.l'1T6Acp µtfia,

0I A '),_.J.. t a.KwvMaas. 0 Probably the man mentioned in ll •.78 ff. Th~ in~abitar_its of Corycus in Asia. Minor were notorious for mmghng with

the captains of ships at anchor in the harbour, and then, having overheard where the ship was sailing for, attacking and plundering t~e ves~el. ~ / ,/. \ Kat Ilv0l71 yap ev ua'f'V1J µ.ev wpVTaL, 3a,1.v7111 8' aEl8H KG.LSacpv71vV'TTEUTpwrai. 'f' \ ~\ ~.., B c; wcppwve>.al71,-rove;0€ 'TTG.LUG.S ov payxo -rovc;TWV 'Iwvwv, olc; o > 1,/,[ ] t \ \ \ 1' aVEO'TE'f' aVTOX V?TO -ra 1TI\EVpa -rov µ,~ nvloVT[os ]?TagVIT[l](T'r[pwuav." 'fJfl,EV7'a8', OVK£7'; °d)..Aa• 7'~V 8' 0.1T'IJ~[>.afE 45 µa>.' O.TpEµalws 'fJTt;KOVCJa 7'0 xptµ,a· t I\\ " ti) 1TO.V7'0. KOl\'Y}, TWV E/J,WV 1'0 K O.f\f\U71'0V EV'T'{J'TEI\EV'T'!J KVKVOS'WS' W rJ \ I [ 71EtO'O.S'• OVf.o]vKaAEVUW,lv Se'TOxp'iµ.a, lv [8' ~ Ko.\]vµ,.aa~ ~v ;!TW!'Exw ®71aevs· r[ o o]~v[-rEp ]ov -rl0.,,µ,,Tjj Mcf,vr,TrTwµ.a. ,I_ '\ '\ • I I , -rev yap -ro· -rVI\I\OV otr tlCE-rat 1rpo-rnvovat, A

80

\

smote a l"Ock on the Acropolis and produced a salt pool (8&,\aaaa). T~en Athena, calling Ce,crops, who wa.s represented as havmg the lower part of his body in snake form produced an olive: to_ witness her po~sess!on (1.l{ovat· Aat8p~ Kopwv71,KWSTO XE'i.\osolJKd.\yets ;) 'TEVy]ct.p-ro nplµ,vov A~.\,ot q,v.\&.auova,; \ t\ ' ~ , I \ A 'YJ'TW, , 'TO 'T'IJS El\at'l}S.,, ave,raVCJE 'T?]V \

A

....

/

'

,.

•

,;:,

f

A

66 suppl. Wil. 76 suppl, Diels. . 77 init. s~ppl. Knox: ,co,\)uµ,Ba[siam Dlels.. fy,ur;.£(v1x qpwy,E) L. : •VW' (vix tr(!wy,E),Knox. 78 suppl. Hu. 83 suppl. Hu. • The reference is to the story of the contest between Athena and Posidon for the possession of Attica. Posidon

125

124,

I

1

IAMBI

CALLIMACHUS

]r, 'Tlf' 8")µcp ]'TaVoVVEO'TEfl.vµ,v 'YJ 8avTJv." t 1 ,I,_\ t w, Et1TE' T7l ot,) ot (} vµo,\ aµ..,,, -rr, PTJUEt .;J.\raE, µiCwv 8' ij T() wp6aBEv~ri[PWn 95 'T]{l OEVTEp' E. W. Jyw BaKLS"TO£ Kai. z,lfJvMa Kai. Mrf,v71 Kai. r/,'f}y6s. a>.Mavµ,fJaAEV ..

I

I

2 sq. suppl. Roberts, suppl. Norsa-Vitelli,

25 suppl. Norsa-Vitelli.

" Apollunius or Cleon, see introduction, , b Callimachus uses here ironically the prover~ : tEpov ov,,,{Jov;\~,"advice is a sacred thing," which was sa1d_about .U1ose who give advice " with a pure heart, and with no fraud." 128

LISTEN, friend a-for advice is held one of the sacred things b-to my heartfelt warning O ••• since Fate (has decreed that) you (teach) abc ..• not as the 22 best • • . you would thus be punished. But as long as the fire " you kindled has not grown into a great 25 flame, but still lies calm and moves among the ashes,: q,uench it. Hold back from their running the wild horses, and do not race a second time round the . course, lest they should shatter your chariot on the soturning-post,• and you tumble forth headlong; Ah!, make me not a laughing-stock, For you I am Bacis/ Sibyl,Uthe laurel-tree and the oak.It Come, solve the.

• llKov~ Tcl1r0 Kap8tai," listen to my heartfelt warning," is: a second proverb woven into the beginning of the poem. d The fire of love. · · • The turning-post in the racecourse was the most dangel'-ous point. I A Boeotian prophet. . . • The Sibyl was originally a single prophetic female variously localized, and legends of her wanderings accm.u;it for her presence at different spots. As early as Heraclides Ponticus (c. 390-310 B.c.) she became pluralized, and the term gradually became generic. h The laurel-tree and the oak were the two prophetic tre~s of antiquity. The one was sacred at the oracle of Apollo m Delphi, the other at the oracle of Zeus at Dodona. ·

H9

IAMBI

CALLIMACHUS

"

\ \ ntT 0EWS EXE XPEt.,

rwv,yµ,a, 1mi /J,'TJ

•,, q.ovJn

I

"

/'>'IV•

"' ~ 11oyos. ~' Kai\ 1..\o,). 46 &,[Tt].,.,,[s suppl. Maas. 48 oaaa.suppl. Pf.: TWV a L. cett. supp . L. 49 suppl. Barber: KT11J,ufTwvL, 54 ff. Apoll. loquitur. 55 o(KxJ,ia(wB&a],v Jsram vel 0[1r.\Na[w 56 suppl. L. pra6f)a~o e.g. Pf.

vel

"'f.'

145

CALLIMACHUS

,, avnKa

xpvaov'··1~·' µev

IAMBI

vo,Ko, Iwves

{1vu

~•

I

~,

OLK''TJO"ELooµov I

[

]

xpvuos' a.pxa,ovs O anµ71an . . . . . . ']8[ ·-t.,.i • ............ ,1 .)f g,Elow 'I: oi/7' J'.,{p€itxov vbrovs

0 Simonides of Ceos, the great lyric and elegiac poet (c. 6.56--46!3ll,C.) was proverbial £or his stinginess, Hylichu

223

/COVX cL6''Aetwv TW'Tl'tO'aVn 'ITO.p b.d [0vaev 'Apt.ltaflov ). There is no indication as to the length or date of the poem.

161

CALLIMACHUS

LYRIC POEMS

227

227

"Evmr' 'A1r6,\,\wv rep xopcj>· rfjs AVprJSaKovw· I 'E pwrwv , , 8Of-1,'T}V" I " • ,J. I:,' ICaL 'TWV '{JU EU'TL Ka.,,pooLT'T}.

Ovµ,'Y]U'T}V [

]

8evn

1ravvvx[

• , [ , \ ] ' , 6 0< I:,) o aypv1TV'T}UOS 7]VEKES P.,EXPL 'T7}S l(O[ pWV'TJS \

-

\

,.,.

I

I

'R

'TOV7TVpaµovv-ra "7J'f'E'TaL KO.L'TO.KOT'Tet,-,ELO. Ka! 'TWV 1rapovuwv ~v 8l,\e, 8l,\1:t.E£'11'E'TO Aanvto.Kot 8 E'Tl'ct'TEV[V'TO f3ovvol K r I:,> ,1; 45 tl.'Y]otis ri.'11'o ve,aoµivq.· aEo o ,,v av vaTOS', et, 8a.lp,oaw&.p1ra.ylµa., cf,a.To8' 71µt8[ " [>'EV Xa.pt 'TO.V v1ra[ 'T]a.vl'IT'"A8w Ko>.w[vav, .. t

> [ ' ' 8' a,,':-va,aat EK 1TEOtOV 'Tct 'ITVpa., (1(L1T ct'ITO ~I • I t\ I ["8 -],'" a.'mi>>.ETO Tls no>.iwvOI\OKO.V'TOS' a t Et,, A ..,1.r \ a.>.~a. 7TO'TEV' vo-;osa.vLTo~s oLI

~

•I

>I

15 o.,,pa./UV ovv EVOLOS' E1JVEn,

4 (pa) Kassel: (vv) Nickau.

b City of Euboea. Euboea was well known in antiquity for its iron and copper mines. According t.o a tradition copper was first found there.

19 suppl. L.

f

~\

I

-r6cf,pao' f7JVvaAOLOcf,aav-reposovpavos r,voif; t t, / 0L KV7JKL!i \ V1T£

I\

0'

\

,

~v 0.77E YJKO.TOI\EVKYJV I

a

• Hecale. Frs. 248 and 251 are part of the descript.ion of the meal Hecale offered Theseus. Of. fr. 194. 77. Cabbage 186

. . . olives which grew ripe on the tree, and wild olives, and the light-coloured ones, which in autumn she a had to put to swim in brine. .and wild vegetables were also offered to Theseus during the rustic meal. 187

H.ECALE

CALLIMACHUS 251 U\ f\ ~ apTOVS'0'1TV7}EV a,us KaTE'8'Y}KEV EI\OVa« Q I t I ,., ,.,wvtT(IGWEVtKpV1TTOVCT£ yvvatKES'

' I.'' EK O

>I

tl

OtOVS'

,

(}

• Hecale,

258

. . . " I ,. go down to Marathon, _sothat . . . and

253

(Pallas) leads the way. (You have thus learnt from roe) what you asked me. And you, good mother, (tell me, for I also) wish to hear you for a while (speaking) 0 . . you live an old woman in a lonely ... " [About 82 lines missing]

> KO.£eµo , -r, 1ro 7J aeo -rvT ov aKovaa, ] 'YllYlt;~J[p7J]µ,,atvEvt vale,s (82 fere versus desunt] \

5

•

]'

(}'

I

(}'

8,vop,EV'Y}V 'ITEptf1ovaiv lµiJv Jq,vAaCTCTOV a,\wa. 3' a.'IT''A.11vI 1)/1-ET((J'T/VEKAEW( [-ro]v[o]r[9i6],· &"1\a. 1rluoi~ µ.11'M1ro-r' ..' 0

b

261 ~ /J,EII a.EpT&{ovaa p,eya -rpvef,osvif,t{w11os I t,,f,,{tfivou codd.: corr. Bentley. 196

Tov . • . 1 \

I

I

')'EVTo o a11vicpa

they became warm.

271 aiJV

271

s· ;,µ'i,vO'1T€Aapyos aµopl-'1:VEO'KEV all0,T'YJ3 \

>

Q

t

>\

I

,-

May be part of the crows' talk (of: frs. 260,, 16, ff. and 261). It is uncertain why the stork IS called a>.o•'M'/•• an o

. and the avenging stork was joumeying with us.a avenger, possibly because in parts of Greece he who killed a stork was.condemned to death. Of, Plin. Nat. Hist, x. SI.

272

272

&v8p1:s J.\at'T}POVS 6.1:K1;.\1:,olhv a.1-mpEVOVT€S J.\aot vel -ol codd,: l,\a,:qpoii,Barber:, ,MipE, 1>',j>.ato(Sylb . •8 1,' E{Ma,o, Rutherford 1 ~>.acrrpoO'!,v ? R~1tzenDiels : 8El.\aw, Pf., sed potms ob1ectum s~i~ ; exspectes.

l~i:xoyo,

273

men hauling from Decelea (jars?) of on.a 0

After i.\a.71pov~Barber, e.g., suggests K£po.µ,ou~ (cf. Hip, Mul. ii. I 14 J,\a,1Jpd. K£pdµ,,a)in the following line.

273

the brilliant light of Apollo. 200

201

CALLIMACHUS

HECALE 274 ... a delicate down, like the blossom of the goldf!ower,a was just spreading, I ween, on hi,; cheeks too. • J>.lxpuo-os also means the flower of the ivy; cf. fr. 253. 8. We do not know about whom this is said.

275

275

m5.axoµ,EvClO'TTJVOt· Tct µ,lv oZKo8e1Tavra 8l8au-ra,.

we miserable paupers suffer ; and at home all our belongings have been divided out.

276

UKa

276

s· a..,frpov

he took ten knuckle-bones as a prize.a

aiv11To codd, : prob. /J.pvllTo Pf. to.

277

·

p6E, ~XLylynm

av(h,a /J.1JKWVOS TE Kat 71vo1Ta 1rvpovlSova, 278

" This must be a child, but we do not know who is referred

277 • . . where ancient cows eat the flowers of the poppy and shining wheat.

278

-rovvEKaKai vl,wE, 1rop8µ.11iov o-in-,c/>lpov~~~ 0 'TE,.,.l0µ.,ovolalµ,EvCU\I\OVS µ,ovvr, Jvl 7TTOA.lwv,

that is why in this city a alone even the dead receive no coin as fare, which it is the custom for others to carry in dry mouths.

, cod • v•1• 1 v•Kuos &M'oil o-cfvo,,codd.: (S}avois Pf.

Argolid. But Suidas (s.v. wop914~,ov)tells that the people of Aegialos, near Sicyon, were excused by Demeter from the fare paid to Charon for transport across the rive1· Acheron. This was because the inhabitants of that region Informed the goddess about the fate of Perscphone, when Hades had snatched her away.

3avois'

> EV

I aToµ,arEaa,

2 sq. erri1rTo>.lon µ«v.8 C b9up,tWV1Jaa£ nus bl--&Mous corr. asau o •

• According to common belief the city of Hermione in the

202

208

HECALE

CALLIMACHUS

279 a/J.,.[,ca KEv8l11'1T7Jv TE 'Tl'OAVIC(YTJ/,1,VOV TE 11p6uvµ,vav

presently Centhippe &

a Part of Argos, so called (according to the traditional false etymology of the name) because Bellerophon there cKEvrqa-£ 'l'OVIl~yaa-ov. Of. P. Oxy. xxx (1964), P• 91.

and craggy Prosymna.

b

280 · · d. and having left the stream of Asterion a full of ree s. '

280 ,ea,' oovaK, '1TA'YJ '"'1TWV c:, ' ' '0ona ' ' poov " 'A I ,I_ >t' -rw µev ave-rpey,ov ovoE ns- OVTWS'

two I brought up on dainties,. nor did anybody else in such a manner . . . abundantly rich . . . 6 they should be drenched in a warm bath . . . carrying the children . . . these two of mine ran up like aspens, which in a ravine (?) . . . [About 15 lines missing] was I refusing to hear death calling me a long time ago, that I might soon tear my garments over you too (dead) . . . ? [3 lines missing) 10 Cercyon a(?) .•. wrestlings ... city, who fled from Arcadia and took up residence near us, a bad neighbour ..• (2 lines missing] 16 may I pierce his impudent eyes with thorns while he is still alive, and, if it be not a sin, eat him raw 16 . . • to bring horses from the Eurotas plentiful in mint • . . the wave . . . for they unloosened the to hawsers under the wings of the sea-sull ; with this omen may I neither myself (set sail), nor a person who has (undertaken a commission ?) for me.

'1

f

·

J yevt!0A'T}V

] pv8ov a..tJEiv codd.: corr. Toup et Valckenaer.

o The subject of lBl{no is unknown,

Bergk considers

It is not

809 . • , on foot (he ?) tried to climb the high-peaked hill. All the rocks below were sheer, and there was no path upwards. 0

this fragment spurious, and attributes it to the Mythica (cf. Babrius, p. 219 Cr. ), and indeed the style of I, 8 is most un• like Callimachus. 310

810

•• , the lips of an old woman are never still. 812

aKfLTJVOV Mp1ro,o

312

... without having tasted food, 313

813

••• 214

a salt tear fell from him. 215

CALLIMACHUS

HECALE

318 >.J. uxe-r11£a£ av 0pw7rWVay,pa

I

I

SIS

evil stupidities of men.

819

319

the air having become dark. 320

f3/f3vrno8i 7raua x6Aoto . 321

820 she was stuffed with anger.a • Of. fr. 874 •

yaµ/3pds 'Epq0fios • Boreas, who carried off his bride Orithyia, daughter of King Erechtheus, from the Areopagus, or the banks of the

322 ylvra {Jowv µi.:\8ovn:s

the son-in-law ofErechtheus.a Jlyssus, or, according to a rarer version of the myth, from Mount Brilessos in Attiea. ·

322 cooking the limbs of oxen.

/Joo~ cod. V .l. s27a.

327" • See fr. 284

• See fr. 284, A.

328

-ryxc Kovta-rpat a.!ewoi Av0p4J TE

KO.l

elapi 7rmA~0aaL

828

, . . where. unfriendly wrestling-arenas gore and blood.a

1:'> "' VVKTl \ Q 01171

216

f3aui1171as \ - E11€'Y'X.OJLf!.V >\ I

are full of

Eleusis, where the robber is supposed to have wrestled with the passers-by, and killed them. Of. fr. 284,A.

• This may refer to the " palaestra of Cercyon " near

329

A.

329 we abuse kings all night long.a

• qr.fr. 275 (and fr. 284A),

unjust kings were attacked.

Itispos~l,.lle that, as in Hesio~

21"7'

HECALE

CALLIMACHUS

sso+s2s 'ITOTfl,OVEAWVO'Etl!, 8u71v(8') &:rr60w-rov aAaAKa, coniunxit Dilthey.

,,

",I. ,

•• , that (he ?) might stop misfortune," and ward off despised misery. • It possibly refer.~ to Theseus, who, by conquering the bull of Marathon, saved the inhabitants of the Tetrapolis.

381 ,

sso+325

.n,

E'IT'r}llVUWo.,,p W\EOi'TO

331

.. .that he might avoid an attack by robbers. 388

888 E'ITLKAwl~ EO"Ti -ra.\a.vTav

• Of. n. xix. 223.

• the scales are tipped, o 884

• (flour) taken at random, from which the millwoman did not clear the drvss. 0

SS4

• CJ.fr. !?60. 46. 835

, •• the paths of the air.a

885

• Or the mist, the haze.

836

SS6

. the reptiles hid in their holes.a

lf>'TTETa. 8' L\voia,v &lKpvcp1;v

• This may refer to the time of the year, or even to the storm.

3137° • See fr. 284

A,

• See fr. 284

A,

219

CALLIMACHUS

HECALE

888

838

a descendant of Theia." • The "'inds were the progeny of Theia. ·Of. fr. 110. 44, where the same words appear in reverse order.

889

339

lUEwvalo,o x&.pwvos

of the lion of Cleonae. a 0

Place in the Argolid. the lion of Nemea.

Here the reference seems to be to

841 341

...

potters of Colias."

• Pnrt of AUica where pottery was made, Of, frs. !l68, SU.

\

TOV'TO yap KWp:fiTaL

' ,

I Ka',\ EOV 1T€p£"7'Y£E,

.t..a I avrijs vel av, ii Vel Ruhnken.

L { aUTO

codd • .• a•~v - • ·, Hemsterhuys,

\ w ~3• olow J71, KTEvo, £uKoV E"81:tpa,

84,4, ,\a,-rpiv

220

her.a

for that is what the neighbours around called

• The reference is to Hecale. The fragment can belong either to the beginning, or to the erid, of the poem.

848 0

84:.!

Q.VM}V

, / ,.. ,.. ay££V 1TaAtVOJ)QOV Q.€£1(£4 Ttp KEpaJL'f/£

343

nor they who had hair at their penis. 84,4,

... to bring a shameful slave (or hired servant) back to the potter. 221

CALLIMACHUS

HECALE 345 • .. for this boy shows such a spirit."

• If, as has been suggested by P. Maas, the reference is

to 1:he~eus, it should be connected with the' Troezen period of his hfe.

346 4

846 4 • See fr. 260, I. 45.

• See fr. 260, I. 45.

348 348

this is the coldest day for me. 350

350 a

a

• See fr. 284 A,

• See fr. 284, A,

855

. . . she got hold of a stick of heath the support of her old age.a

355

.• Probably about Hecale. erica arborea.

. which was

Of. fr. 292. ~- The heath is

358 858

£l SJ Al1.E

2~2

s~-rraaaa.yl7Jv,roSE S' lvvE'TTEV

... and if ~venging_ Dike has not punished you at once, she will be twice as severe returning among the majority." • The dead. Dike is the personification of Justice,

859 • he seized the panoply and said this :

228

HECALE

CALLIMACHUS

" See fr. 284

0

A.

A,

368 a

368" 0

• See fr. 28,i

See fr, 284

See fr. 284

A.

A.

371

371 .

AWp71vff/V

)I

,

fV'TEKVOV

nr

'

)

,

t'~

,

aypoµ,evns VoEotp,t

;,, &:yp. Bernhardy, Hecker, Wil.

374 . l: \ ' ... 'i:. 178e'1TEAtOvw0ei'aa Kai oµ,µa