Book of abstracts : 21th annual congress of the European College of Sport Science 9783000533839

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21 Αnnual Congress of the

EUROPEAN COLLEGE OF SPORT SCIENCE CROSSING BORDERS THROUGH SPORT SCIENCE 6th - 9th July 2016, Vienna - Austria Hosted by the Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna

Book of Abstracts Edited by: Baca A., Wessner B., Diketmüller R., Tschan H., Hofmann M., Kornfeind P., Tsolakidis E.

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Annual Congress of the

EUROPEAN COLLEGE OF SPORT SCIENCE 6th - 9th July 2016, Vienna – Austria

BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Edited by: Baca A., Wessner B., Diketmüller R., Tschan H., Hofmann M., Kornfeind P. Tsolakidis E.

Hosted by the University of Vienna

ISBN 978-3-00-053383-9

European College of Sport Science: st Book of Abstracts of the 21 Annual Congress of the th th European College of Sport Science – 6 - 9 June 2016, Vienna – Austria. Edited by Baca A., Wessner B., Diketmüller R., Tschan H., Hofmann M., Kornfeind P., Tsolakidis E.. IISBN 978-3-00-053383-9 Copyright by European College of Sport Science

Conception, DTP: SporTools GmbH – Data management in sports Corrections: Patera, N., Tsolakidis, K.

Cover Foto: Main building of the University of Vienna (Copyright: University of Vienna)

Feldblumenweg 26, 50858 Cologne, Germany www.SporTools.de

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Organisation Congress President –

Arnold Baca (AUT)

ECSS Executive Board – – – – – –

Tim Cable - President (QAT) Marco Narici – Past President (GBR) Joan L. Duda - President Elect (GBR) Erich Müller (AUT) Bente Klarlund Pedersen (DEN) Stephen Seiler (NOR)

ECSS Scientific Board – – – – – – – – –

Flemming Dela - Chair (DEN) Jan Cabri - Secretary (NOR) Paul Greenhaff (GBR) Albert Gollhofer (GER) Martin Halle (GER) Susanna Hedenborg (SWE) Luc van Loon (NED) Abigail Mackey-Sennels (GBR) Nicole Wenderoth (SUI)

ECSS Scientific Committee – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

José Antonio López Calbet (ESP) Annalisa Cogo (ITA) Wim Derave (BEL) Peter Federolf (NOR) Taija Finni (FIN) Markus Gruber (GER) Jørn Wulff Helge (DEN) Ylva Hellsten (DEN) Pierre-Nicolas Lemyre (NOR) Johannes van Lieshaut (NED) Maria Francesca Piacentini (ITA) Afroditi Stathi (GBR) Cecilie Thogersen-Ntoumani (AUS) Janice L. Thompson (GBR)

ECSS Office – – – – – –

Thomas Delaveaux (GER) Elias Tsolakidis (GRE) Steffen Neubert (GER) Juliane Melber (GER) Tuulia Hokkanen (FIN) Alexandra Zavadska (SVK)

Chairs Organizing Committee – – –

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Harald Tschan (AUT) Otmar Weiß (AUT) Martina Hochmeister-Postl (AUT)

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21 ANNUAL CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN COLLEGE OF SPORT SCIENCE

Local Organizing Committee – – – – – – –

Maria Dinold (AUT) Michaela Haßmann (AUT) Marlene Hofmann (AUT) Philipp Kornfeind (AUT) Clemens Ley (AUT) Karl Schörghuber (AUT) Christoph Triska (AUT)

Chairs Local Scientific Committee – – –

Barbara Wessner (AUT) Rosa Diketmüller (AUT) Arnold Baca (AUT)

Local Scientific Committee – – – – – – – – – –

Günter Amesberger (AUT) Norbert Bachl (AUT) Michael Kolb (AUT) Erich Müller (AUT) Hermann Schwameder (AUT) Gerhard Smekal (AUT) Markus Tilp (AUT) Sylvia Titze (AUT) Harald Tschan (AUT) Otmar Weiß (AUT)

Reviewers – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Günter Amesberger (AUT) Arnold Baca (AUT) Norbert Bachl (AUT) Pascal Bauer (AUT) Tim Cable (QAT) Daniela Caporossi (ITA) Rosa Diketmüller (AUT) Minas Dimitriou (AUT) Maria Dinold (AUT) Bernhard Franzke (AUT) Timothy Hasenöhrl (AUT) Richard Hauer (AUT) Mario Heller (AUT) Marlene Hofmann (AUT) Konrad Kleiner (AUT) Michael Kolb (AUT) Martin Kopp (AUT) Philipp Kornfeind (AUT) Roland Leser (AUT) Clemens Ley (AUT) Daniel Memmert (GER) Erich Müller (AUT) Rudolf Müllner (AUT) Alfred Nimmerichter (AUT) Rochus Pokan (AUT) Petra Polster (AUT) Susanne Ring-Dimitriou (AUT) Martin Schnitzer (AUT) Hermann Schwameder (AUT) Gerhard Smekal (AUT)

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– – – – – – – – – – – –

Michael Stöckl (AUT) Eva-Maria Strasser (AUT) Markus Tilp (AUT) Sylvia Titze (AUT) Christoph Triska (AUT) Harald Tschan (AUT) Karl-Heinz Wagner (AUT) Otmar Weiß (AUT) Inge Werner (AUT) Barbara Wessner (AUT) Klaus Wirth (AUT) Kerstin Witte (GER)

Head of Volunteers – –

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Marlene Hofmann (AUT) Philipp Kornfeind (AUT)

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21 ANNUAL CONGRESS OF THE EUROPEAN COLLEGE OF SPORT SCIENCE

Welcome On behalf of the European College of Sport Science and the Centre for Sport Science and University Sports of the University of Vienna we welcome you to Vienna for the 21st Annual Congress of the ECSS. The University of Vienna was founded in 1365, is the largest university in Austria and is one of the oldest universities in the German speaking world. The Centre for Sport Science and University Sports is one of the 19 faculties/centres of this university. It includes the Institute of Sport Science representing the scientific sub division and the University Sports Institute, being the central institution for college sports in Vienna. “Crossing Borders through Sport Science" as the conference theme reflects the long-lasting tradition of Austria in bringing together people from all over the world but also the emphasis of the European College to fully cover all disciplines and topics within Sport Science. The Vienna conference provides a platform for an exchange of views and research ideas, the discussion and presentation of current research results as well as the realisation of joint research projects. We are proud that due to excellent submissions we have been able to put together an outstanding scientific program that highlights the current state of knowledge in sport science. The program comprises four plenary sessions and 36 invited symposia on topical issues in the field. In total more than 2000 abstracts have been submitted from 66 countries. 1802 abstracts were selected for the final programme and allocated to 100 oral, 70 mini-oral and 36 conventional poster sessions or assigned to E-poster presentation. 95 oral and 21 minioral presentations were selected for the Young Investigator Award (YIA). Visiting a conference not only is to meet other scientists but also to grab the spirit of the hosting city and its surroundings. Vienna has transformed from a Roman settlement to the capital of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire, finally becoming the capital of the modern Austrian state with about 2 million inhabitants. Since several years Vienna is ranked number one concerning the quality of living which reflects not only political and economical factors but also health, education and public service including transportation. Vienna combines historical heritage with modernity not only when visiting museums, concerts and the numerous theatres but also when relaxing at one of the numerous restaurants, bars and of course at the classical "Heurigen" in the vineyards of Vienna. Enjoy Vienna, Arnold Baca (University of Vienna)

Congress President

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Table of Contents ORGANISATION ....................................................................................................................................... 3 WELCOME................................................................................................................................................ 6 TOM REILLY MEMORIAL LECTURE............................................................................................................ 15 WEDNESDAY, JULY 6TH, 2016................................................................................................................. 18 12:00 - 13:00.............................................................................................................................................................................. 18 PO-CPP-01 BIOMECHANICS 1..................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 PO-CPP-05 ADAPTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ............................................................................................................................................................... 20 PO-CPP-09 HEALTH & FITNESS 1 ............................................................................................................................................................................... 23 PO-CPP-13 NEUROMUSCULAR PHYSIOLOGY 1 ........................................................................................................................................................ 26 PO-CPP-17 PHYSIOLOGY 1 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 28 PO-CPP-21 SPORT DEVELOPMENT & SOCIOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................... 31 PO-CPP-25 SPORTS MEDICINE & ORTHOPAEDICS 1 ................................................................................................................................................ 33 PO-CPP-29 TRAINING & TESTING 1 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 36 PO-CPP-33 PHYSICAL EDUCATION & PEDAGOGICS 1 ............................................................................................................................................ 38 13:00 - 14:00 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 40 MO-PM06 NUTRITION & SUPPLEMENTATION ......................................................................................................................................................... 40 OP-PM01 GSSI PRESENTATIONS: NUTRITION ........................................................................................................................................................... 43 MO-PM04 BODY COMPOSITION 1............................................................................................................................................................................ 45 MO-PM08 ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 48 MO-BN03 MUSCLE - TENDON .................................................................................................................................................................................. 52 MO-PM01 HEALTH PROMOTION .............................................................................................................................................................................. 55 MO-PM47 MIXED SESSION: INJURY & ADAPTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.................................................................................................................... 59 MO-SH11 PSYCHOLOGY: AGEING & RISK GROUPS.................................................................................................................................................. 62 MO-SH10 PSYCHOLOGY: COGNITION, PERFORMANCE, CAREER TRANSITIONS .................................................................................................... 65 MO-SH03 SPORT STATISTICS & ANALYSIS: TEAM SPORTS....................................................................................................................................... 68 14:00 - 15:00 .............................................................................................................................................................................72 MO-PM46 NUTRITION & SUPPLEMENTS ...................................................................................................................................................................72 MO-PM05 BODY COMPOSITION 2 ............................................................................................................................................................................75 MO-PM11 ESSA-ECSS EXCHANGE (CARDIOVASCULAR) ........................................................................................................................................... 77 MO-PM10 FATIGUE .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 80 MO-PM03 AGEING 1.................................................................................................................................................................................................. 83 MO-PM33 STRENGTH TRAINING & TESTING ............................................................................................................................................................ 86 MO-PM52 SPORTS MEDICINE: SPORTS INJURIES ..................................................................................................................................................... 90 MO-SH12 PSYCHOLOGY: TEAM SPORTS................................................................................................................................................................... 93 MO-SH02 SPORT STATISTICS & ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................................................ 96 MO-SH06 SPORT MANAGEMENT ............................................................................................................................................................................. 98 15:00 - 16:30 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 101 IS-PM01 TAKING CARE OF THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH OF ELITE ATHLETES .............................................................................................................101

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OP-PM02 ASPETAR PRESENTATIONS: FOOTBALL .................................................................................................................................................... 102 IS-PM02 NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS TO IMPROVE HEALTH AND PERFORMANCE ............................................................................................ 104 IS-PM03 OXYGEN UPTAKE KINETICS IN PERFORMANCE, HEALTH AND DISEASE ................................................................................................. 105 IS-BN01 TECHNOLOGY AND MODELLING IN GAME SPORTS.................................................................................................................................. 106 IS-BN02 BIOMECHANICAL FUNDAMENTALS, ADAPTATIONS AND IMPAIRMENTS OF LOWER LIMB FUNCTION................................................ 107 IS-SH01 THE FAN CAN: THE MEDIA AND FOOTBALL SUPPORTER COMMUNITIES AS ENABLERS OF MULTICULTURAL ENVIRONMENTS .......... 108 IS-SH02 INTERCULTURALITY IN SPORTS – DIFFERENT APPROACHES, EFFECTS AND DILEMMAS .......................................................................... 109 IS-EX01 ECSS - ACSM EXHANGE SYMPOSIUM: PREPARING FOR THE OLYMPICS - AN EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN VIEWPOINT ....................110 OP-PM13 MUSCLE STRENGTH ................................................................................................................................................................................... 111 OP-PM12 SPORTS MEDICINE: INJURY - TENDONS ...................................................................................................................................................113 OP-SH10 PSYCHOLOGY: MOTIVATION 1 ...................................................................................................................................................................114 OP-PM05 BRAIN & COGNITIVE FUNCTION ..............................................................................................................................................................116 OP-BN04 EXERCISE IN ELDERLY: BALANCE & RUNNING .........................................................................................................................................119 OP-SH03 FANSHIP, MEDIA & MEGAEVENTS ............................................................................................................................................................121 16:45 - 18:00 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 122 PS-PL01 CROSSING THE LIMITS OF IMPAIRMENT – LESSONS FROM NEUROMUSCULAR AND CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY .............................................................................................................. 122

THURSDAY, JULY 7TH, 2016.................................................................................................................. 123 08:00 - 09:30.......................................................................................................................................................................... 123 OP-PM06 NITRATE & DIET COMPOSITION............................................................................................................................................................... 123 OP-PM07 HEALTH & FITNESS ................................................................................................................................................................................... 125 OP-BN01 BIOMECHANICS ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 127 OP-PM08 LIVER & MITOCHONDRIA ........................................................................................................................................................................ 129 OP-PM47 PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO HIT..........................................................................................................................................................131 OP-PM55 LOW BACK PAIN ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 133 OP-PM36 HANDBALL PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................................................................................... 135 OP-PM18 TRAINING & TESTING: MIXED SESSION ................................................................................................................................................... 137 OP-PM24 INDICATORS OF FATIGUE ........................................................................................................................................................................ 138 OP-PM10 MUSCLE GROWTH .....................................................................................................................................................................................141 OP-BN11 PERFORMANCE TESTS ................................................................................................................................................................................ 142 OP-PM16 MIXED SESSION: TRAINING & EXERCISE .................................................................................................................................................. 144 OP-BN03 MOTOR LEARNING & CONTROL .............................................................................................................................................................. 146 OP-PM79 REGENERATION: MIXED SESSION............................................................................................................................................................ 148 OP-SH01 SPORTS HISTORY........................................................................................................................................................................................ 150 09:45 - 11:15 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 151 IS-PM04 ACTIVE PREGNANCY ...................................................................................................................................................................................151 IS-SP02 SPORTS NUTRITION SYMPOSIUM - PRIME, PERFORM AND RECOVER: EXPLORING NUTRITION STRATEGIES SURROUNDING EXERCISE SPONSORED BY GSSI.............................................................................................................. 152 IS-PM05 IMPACT OF EXERCISE ON VASCULAR DISEASE: BENEFITS AND MECHANISMS...................................................................................... 153 OP-PM09 SUPPLEMENTS: PROTEIN, CREATINE, CAFFEINE ..................................................................................................................................... 154 IS-BN03 HAMSTRING MUSCLE FUNCTION IN HUMAN MOVEMENT: IMPLICATIONS FOR HAMSTRING STRAIN INJURY DETECTION AND PREVENTION..................................................................................................................................... 156 IS-BN04 FATIGUE AND FATIGABILITY IN HEALTH AND DISEASE ............................................................................................................................. 157 IS-SH03 EVIDENCE-BASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY POLICY .......................................................................................................................................... 158

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IS-SH04 SPORT WITH PEOPLE CROSSING BORDERS................................................................................................................................................ 159 IS-EX02 CSSS - ECSS EXCHANGE SYMPOSIUM: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH PROMOTION (CHINA) ......................................................... 160 OP-PM11 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY ................................................................................................................................................ 160 OP-PM15 PERFORMANCE & WATER ........................................................................................................................................................................ 162 OP-SH02 PSYCHOLOGY: SPORT PERFORMANCE .................................................................................................................................................... 164 OP-SH25 CHILDREN & PHYSICAL EXERCISE ............................................................................................................................................................ 167 OP-SH20 SPORT CONSUMERS, EVENTS & TOURISM .............................................................................................................................................. 168 11:30 - 12:45 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 169 PS-PL02 PROMOTING PHYSICAL ACTIVITY – ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC HEALTH APPROACHES ........................................................ 169 13:00 - 14:00 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 170 PO-CPP-02 BIOMECHANICS 2 ................................................................................................................................................................................. 170 PO-CPP-06 HEALTH & FITNESS 2 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 172 PO-CPP-10 HEALTH & FITNESS 3 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 176 PO-CPP-14 NUTRITION 1 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 179 PO-CPP-18 PHYSIOLOGY 2 ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 182 PO-CPP-22 REHABILITATION & PHYSIOTHERAPY 1 ................................................................................................................................................. 186 PO-CPP-26 TRAINING & TESTING 2 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 189 PO-CPP-30 TRAINING & TESTING 3 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 193 PO-CPP-34 PSYCHOLOGY 1...................................................................................................................................................................................... 195 14:00 - 15:00 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 197 MO-PM22 DIET & GLUCOSE..................................................................................................................................................................................... 197 MO-PM31 NUTRITION & PERFORMANCE ............................................................................................................................................................... 200 MO-PM27 AGEING 2 ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 203 MO-PM23 FITNESS PERCEPTION & PERFORMANCE .............................................................................................................................................. 206 MO-BN01 RUNNING BIOMECHANICS .................................................................................................................................................................... 209 MO-SH01 COACHING & TALENT MONITORING...................................................................................................................................................... 212 MO-PM07 TEAM SPORTS ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 215 MO-PM53 COACHING: TRAINING EFFECTS ............................................................................................................................................................ 218 MO-PM43 TRAINING & TESTING 1 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 221 MO-PM48 REHABILITATION: PHYSIOTHERAPY ...................................................................................................................................................... 223 MO-PM50 TRAINING & TESTING: JUMPING .......................................................................................................................................................... 227 MO-SH08 PSYCHOLOGY: MIXED SESSION ............................................................................................................................................................. 230 MO-SH04 SOCIOLOGY & PHILOSOPHY .................................................................................................................................................................. 234 15:00 - 16:00............................................................................................................................................................................236 MO-PM35 HORMONES ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 236 MO-PM45 NUTRITIONAL STRATEGIES..................................................................................................................................................................... 239 MO-PM14 AGEING 3................................................................................................................................................................................................ 243 MO-PM26 FITNESS & ENERGY EXPENDITURE......................................................................................................................................................... 245 MO-BN13 NEURAL RESPONSES ............................................................................................................................................................................... 248 MO-PM09 HEALTH & EXERCISE .............................................................................................................................................................................. 252 MO-BN02 CYCLING ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 255 MO-PM40 TRAINING & TESTING: SWIMMING/TENNIS ......................................................................................................................................... 258 MO-PM49 TRAINING & TESTING 2 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 262

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MO-PM36 RECOVERY METHODS ............................................................................................................................................................................ 265 MO-SH07 PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND PEDAGOGICS .......................................................................................................................................... 267 MO-BN12 MOTOR LEARNING .................................................................................................................................................................................. 270 16:15 - 17:45.............................................................................................................................................................................. 273 IS-PM06 HIT TRAINING - MECHANISMS AND APPLICABILITY ............................................................................................................................... 273 IS-PM07 MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTION AND ADAPTATION TO STRESSORS ......................................................................................................... 274 IS-SP01 HEAT AND ALTITUDE TRAINING FOR ELITE ATHLETES SPONSORED BY ASPETAR .................................................................................... 275 OP-PM03 OXYGEN UPTAKE & METABOLISM......................................................................................................................................................... 276 IS-BN05 INTEGRATIVE FALL PREVENTION – NOVEL STRATEGIES TO TEST AND TRAIN NEUROMUSCULAR AND CARDIAC FALL RISK FACTORS IN THE ELDERLY..................................................................................................................................... 278 IS-BN06 EVIDENCE BASED SPORT PHYSIOTHERAPY: UNWEIGHTING AS A TOOL FOR EARLY RETURN TO SPORT? ........................................... 279 IS-SH05 PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS IN ELITE SPORTS ........................................................................................................................................ 280 IS-SH06 (SELF-)IMPROVEMENT IN AND THROUGH SPORTS AND PHYSICAL EXERCISE – HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ....................................... 282 OP-BN15 NEUROMUSCULAR FATIGUE ................................................................................................................................................................... 282 OP-BN08 SPORT TECHNOLOGY: MOVEMENT MONITORS .................................................................................................................................... 285 OP-PM19 SOCCER & RUGBY PERFORMANCE ........................................................................................................................................................ 287 OP-SH11 PSYCHOLOGY: MOTIVATION 2 ................................................................................................................................................................. 289 OP-PM04 REHABILITATION & TRAINING ................................................................................................................................................................. 291 OP-PM68 HEALTH & FITNESS .................................................................................................................................................................................. 293 OP-SH17 PE IN SCHOOL & OTHER PEDAGOGICAL SETTINGS ................................................................................................................................ 295 18:00 - 19:30 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 297 OP-PM67 INTERVAL TRAINING ................................................................................................................................................................................ 297 OP-PM14 SPORTS MEDICINE: EXERCISE & DISABILITY ............................................................................................................................................ 299 OP-BN14 RUNNING FOOTWEAR .............................................................................................................................................................................. 301 OP-BN19 MOTOR LEARNING & DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................................................................................................... 302 OP-PM62 RISKS & INJURY: SCREENING, PREVENTION & TREATMENT ................................................................................................................. 304 OP-SH12 SOCIOLOGY: GENDER............................................................................................................................................................................... 307 OP-PM40 KAYAK & ROWING.................................................................................................................................................................................. 309 OP-PM48 FATIGUE .....................................................................................................................................................................................................311 OP-BN07 TRAINING & TESTING TECHNOLOGY ....................................................................................................................................................... 313 OP-PM20 SOCCER TRAINING ................................................................................................................................................................................... 316 OP-SH09 PSYCHOLOGY: BEHAVIOR & SOCIAL SUPPORT ...................................................................................................................................... 318 OP-PM25 BALANCE ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 320 OP-PM69 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & INACTIVITY .......................................................................................................................................................... 322

FRIDAY, JULY 8TH, 2016........................................................................................................................ 325 08:00 - 09:30.......................................................................................................................................................................... 325 OP-PM56 NUTRITION & SUPPLEMENTATION......................................................................................................................................................... 325 OP-PM46 HYPOXIA ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 327 OP-BN16 MUSCLE & TENDON ARCHITECTURE ...................................................................................................................................................... 329 OP-BN10 MUSCLE FUNCTION .................................................................................................................................................................................. 331 OP-BN02 NEUROMUSCULAR.................................................................................................................................................................................. 334 OP-PM77 OVERUSE & INJURIES - TREATMENT MODALITIES.................................................................................................................................. 336 OP-PM27 TEAM SPORTS PERFORMANCE ............................................................................................................................................................... 338

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OP-PM28 SWIMMING ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 340 OP-PM58 GENE NETWORKS IN RESPONSE TO EXERCISE ...................................................................................................................................... 343 OP-BN18 SPORT TECHNOLOGY: EQUIPMENT 1 ...................................................................................................................................................... 345 OP-PM21 SOCCER ASSESSMENTS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 347 OP-SH08 PSYCHOLOGY: BURNOUT & STRESS ....................................................................................................................................................... 349 OP-PM50 BED REST & INACTIVITY............................................................................................................................................................................ 351 OP-SH19 PERSONS IN SPORT ORGANISATIONS ..................................................................................................................................................... 352 09:45 - 11:15 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 354 IS-PM08 EXERCISE AS A COUNTERMEASURE AGAINST MUSCLE ATROPHY: INSIGHT INTO THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM/S....................... 354 IS-PM09 A CLOSE LOOK AT SKELETAL MUSCLE PLASTICITY - THE DYNAMICS OF SKELETAL MUSCLE CELL INTERACTIONS .............................. 355 IS-PM10 NEW DISCOVERIES IN CELLULAR CROSS-TALK BETWEEN SKELETAL MUSCLE, ITS MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM AND VITAL ORGANS UNDERPIN THE IMPORTANCE OF AN ACTIVE LIFESTYLE ................................................................................... 355 OP-BN21 BIOMECHANICS: MUSCLE & TENDON .................................................................................................................................................... 356 IS-BN07 INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY FOR ANALYZING, IMPROVING AND ENCOURAGING ATHLETES’ PERFORMANCE .................................. 359 IS-BN08 THE SEQUENCE OF INJURY PREVENTION WITHIN AN INTERNATIONAL SPORT FEDERATION ELITE ALPINE SKI RACING AS AN EXAMPLE .......................................................................................................................................... 360 IS-SH07 TEAM SPORT AND ACCULTURATION DYNAMICS IN MULTICULTURAL SOCIETIES .................................................................................. 361 IS-SH08 THE CULTURES OF BOXING ....................................................................................................................................................................... 362 IS-EX03 JSPFSM-ECSS EXCHANGE SYMPOSIUM: GENETICS OF SPORTS PERFORMANCE AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO HEALTH SCIENCE........ 363 OP-BN05 SPORT TECHNOLOGY: EQUIPMENT 2..................................................................................................................................................... 364 OP-PM22 SOCCER FITNESS PARAMETERS .............................................................................................................................................................. 366 OP-PM78 COACHING: COACHES ........................................................................................................................................................................... 368 OP-PM53 NUTRITION & DIETETICS.......................................................................................................................................................................... 369 OP-PM41 EXERCISE & HEALTH ................................................................................................................................................................................. 371 OP-SH21 ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS & SUCCESS ................................................................................................................................................ 374 11:30 - 12:45 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 375 PS-PL03 CROSSING BORDERS THROUGH TECHNOLOGY...................................................................................................................................... 375 13:00 - 14:00 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 375 PO-CPP-03 BIOMECHANICS & MOTOR LEARNING ............................................................................................................................................... 375 PO-CPP-07 HEALTH & FITNESS 4............................................................................................................................................................................. 378 PO-CPP-11 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY.............................................................................................................................................. 381 PO-CPP-15 NUTRITION 2 ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 383 PO-CPP-19 PHYSIOLOGY 3 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 386 PO-CPP-23 REHABILITATION & PHYSIOTHERAPY 2 ............................................................................................................................................... 389 PO-CPP-27 TRAINING & TESTING 4 ........................................................................................................................................................................ 392 PO-CPP-31 TRAINING & TESTING 5 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 394 PO-CPP-35 PSYCHOLOGY 2 .................................................................................................................................................................................... 396 14:00 - 15:00 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 398 MO-PM28 TRAINING EFFECTS ................................................................................................................................................................................. 398 MO-PM18 PHYSIOLOGY: MIXED SESSION ............................................................................................................................................................... 401 MO-BN06 MOTION ANALYSIS 1 .............................................................................................................................................................................. 404 MO-PM12 NEUROMUSCULAR PHYSIOLOGY.......................................................................................................................................................... 407 MO-PM13 PULMONARY & CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY .................................................................................................................................411 MO-BN04 BIOMECHANICS: MIXED SESSION .......................................................................................................................................................... 414

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MO-PM15 MUSCLE DAMAGE................................................................................................................................................................................... 417 MO-PM16 SPORTS MEDICINE & ORTHOPAEDICS .................................................................................................................................................. 420 MO-PM30 PERFORMANCE: MIXED SESSION ......................................................................................................................................................... 422 MO-PM41 HEALTH & FITNESS: CHILDREN............................................................................................................................................................... 425 MO-PM32 CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM .................................................................................................................................................................. 428 MO-PM24 WOMEN & OSTEOPOROSIS.................................................................................................................................................................... 431 15:00 - 16:00........................................................................................................................................................................... 434 MO-PM25 OBESITY .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 434 MO-PM21 PHYSIOLOGY: MIXED SESSION .............................................................................................................................................................. 437 MO-BN07 MOTION ANALYSIS 2............................................................................................................................................................................... 441 MO-PM38 TRAINING & TESTING: HIIT .................................................................................................................................................................... 443 MO-PM29 HEALTH PROMOTION & ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................................................................. 446 MO-BN05 BIOMECHANICAL TESTING .................................................................................................................................................................... 448 MO-BN08 BALANCE & POSTURE ............................................................................................................................................................................. 451 MO-PM17 FATIGUE .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 454 MO-PM19 STRETCHING ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 457 MO-PM20 TRAINING & TESTING: MIXED SESSION ................................................................................................................................................ 458 MO-PM37 TRAINING & TESTING: CHILDREN .......................................................................................................................................................... 462 MO-PM44 MOLECULAR RESPONSES TO EXERCISE ................................................................................................................................................ 464 MO-PM42 WOMEN`S HEALTH ................................................................................................................................................................................ 467 16:20 - 17:50............................................................................................................................................................................ 470 IS-PM11 STRATEGIES TO COMBAT SARCOPENIA .................................................................................................................................................... 470 IS-PM12 STATINS, PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND MUSCLE DYSFUNCTION .................................................................................................................... 471 IS-SP03 PREVENTING INJURIES IN FOOTBALL – WHAT IS EVIDENT? SPONSORED BY ADIDAS ............................................................................ 472 OP-PM37 HYDRATION STATUS ............................................................................................................................................................................... 473 OP-PM75 HEALTH & FITNESS: EXERCISE & AGEING............................................................................................................................................... 474 OP-PM63 TAPING & INJURIES................................................................................................................................................................................. 476 OP-PM49 EXERCISE TESTING ................................................................................................................................................................................... 479 OP-PM52 ADAPTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - TEMPERATURE ..................................................................................................................................... 481 OP-PM33 PRE-ACTIVATION EXERCISES .................................................................................................................................................................. 483 OP-PM51 ANIMAL MODELS IN HEALTH .................................................................................................................................................................. 485 OP-SH06 PSYCHOLOGY: SOCCER & COGNITIVE FUNCTION................................................................................................................................. 486 OP-PM73 COACHING: EFFECTS OF TRAINING ....................................................................................................................................................... 488 OP-SH18 SKILLS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS .......................................................................................................................................... 490 OP-SH04 EFFECTS & STATISTICS .............................................................................................................................................................................. 493 18:00 - 19:30 ........................................................................................................................................................................... 494 OP-PM57 SUBSTRATE OXIDATION, BLOOD AND STEROIDS.................................................................................................................................. 494 OP-PM43 PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES ................................................................................................................................................................. 496 OP-BN17 KINEMATIC ANALYSIS OF SELECTED MOVEMENTS/ SPORTS ................................................................................................................. 498 OP-BN20 MOTOR LEARNING & COORDINATION .................................................................................................................................................. 500 OP-PM17 RUNNING PERFORMANCE ...................................................................................................................................................................... 503 OP-PM64 CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGIES ........................................................................................................................................................ 505 OP-PM23 PERFORMANCE TESTING ........................................................................................................................................................................ 506 OP-PM44 INFLAMMATION & STRESS RESPONSE ................................................................................................................................................... 508

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OP-PM35 CONCURRENT TRAINING .........................................................................................................................................................................511 OP-PM39 BONE HEALTH .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 512 OP-PM72 COACHING: SOCCER ............................................................................................................................................................................... 514 OP-SH14 PHYSICAL EDUCATION, HEALTH & STUDENTS PERSPECTIVES ................................................................................................................ 515 OP-PM38 COGNITIVE FUNCTION............................................................................................................................................................................. 517 OP-SH16 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN CHILDREN ............................................................................................................................................................. 519 OP-PM34 PACING STRATEGIES ................................................................................................................................................................................ 521

SATURDAY, JULY 9TH, 2016 .................................................................................................................. 523 08:00 - 09:30.......................................................................................................................................................................... 523 OP-PM45 EXTRACELLULAR BIOMARKERS .............................................................................................................................................................. 523 OP-PM60 MOLECULAR EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY..................................................................................................................................................... 525 OP-BN12 RUNNING BIOMECHANICS 1 ................................................................................................................................................................... 526 OP-BN09 POSTURAL CONTROL .............................................................................................................................................................................. 528 OP-PM71 INJURY PREVENTION & REHABILITATION ............................................................................................................................................... 530 OP-PM54 EXERCISE & NEUROLOGY ....................................................................................................................................................................... 532 OP-PM76 ANTIOXIDANTS & GLYCOLYSIS ............................................................................................................................................................... 534 OP-PM65 CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY .......................................................................................................................................................... 535 OP-PM26 CYCLING .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 537 OP-PM29 BODY COMPOSITION ............................................................................................................................................................................. 539 OP-PM30 TRAINING METHODS IN SOCCER ............................................................................................................................................................ 541 OP-PM42 RECOVERY MODALITIES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 543 OP-SH13 SOCIOLOGY: DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................................................................................... 545 OP-SH23 STATISTICS ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 547 09:45 - 11:15 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 549 IS-PM13 PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND BRAIN VASCULAR FUNCTION ......................................................................................................................... 549 IS-PM14 ACHIEVING AND MAINTAINING A LARGE WEIGHT LOSS: THE ROLE OF EXERCISE ................................................................................ 550 OP-BN13 RUNNING BIOMECHANICS 2 ................................................................................................................................................................... 551 OP-BN06 BALANCE STRATEGIES ............................................................................................................................................................................. 552 IS-BN09 BIOMECHANICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INCLINED WALKING .......................................................................................... 554 OP-PM59 EXERCISE IN RHEUMATOLOGY & CANCER ........................................................................................................................................... 556 IS-SH09 INCLUSIVE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION, SPORT, AND REHABILITATION ................................................................... 558 OP-PM66 SPORTS MEDICINE: HEART RATE VARIABILITY ....................................................................................................................................... 559 OP-PM32 CYCLING TESTS ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 561 OP-PM31 STRENGTH TRAINING - ASSESSMENT ..................................................................................................................................................... 563 OP-PM61 SPORTS MEDICINE: SOCCER ................................................................................................................................................................... 565 OP-PM70 CHILDREN & ADOLESCENTS ................................................................................................................................................................... 567 OP-PM74 MENTAL DISABILITIES: PARALYMPICS..................................................................................................................................................... 569 OP-SH24 STATISTICS, COMPUTER ANALYSIS & SIMULATION ................................................................................................................................ 571 11:30 - 12:45 ............................................................................................................................................................................. 573 PS-PL04 CROSSING CULTURES AND NATIONS – INTERCULTURALITY AND TRANSNATIONAL MOBILITY AS CHALLENGES FOR SPORT AND SPORT SCIENCE............................................................................................................................. 573 13:00 - 14:00 .......................................................................................................................................................................... 574 PO-CPP-04 COACHING & ADAPTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ..................................................................................................................................... 574

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PO-CPP-08 HEALTH & FITNESS 5 ............................................................................................................................................................................ 576 PO-CPP-12 NEUROMUSCULAR PHYSIOLOGY 2 ..................................................................................................................................................... 580 PO-CPP-16 PHYSIOLOGY 4 ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 583 PO-CPP-20 PHYSIOLOGY 5 ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 585 PO-CPP-24 SPORTS MEDICINE & ORTHOPAEDICS 2 ............................................................................................................................................. 588 PO-CPP-28 TRAINING & TESTING 6 ......................................................................................................................................................................... 591 PO-CPP-32 PHYSICAL EDUCATION & PEDAGOGICS 2 .......................................................................................................................................... 594 PO-CPP-36 SPORT STATISTICS & ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................................................ 596

E-POSTERS NOT DEBATED ................................................................................................................... 600 PP-UD01 ................................................................................................................................................................................. 600 ADAPTED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.................................................................................................................................................................................. 600 BIOMECHANICS........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 603 COACHING .................................................................................................................................................................................................................611 HEALTH AND FITNESS................................................................................................................................................................................................ 617 HISTORY

................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 642

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY .......................................................................................................................................................... 642 MOTOR LEARNING ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 645 NEUROMUSCULAR PHYSIOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................................................ 649 NUTRITION ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 654 PHILOSOPHY AND ETHICS ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 661 PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND PEDAGOGICS ............................................................................................................................................................. 661 PHYSIOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 665 PSYCHOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 682 REHABILITATION AND PHYSIOTHERAPY ................................................................................................................................................................. 688 SOCIOLOGY .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 695 SPORT MANAGEMENT AND LAW ........................................................................................................................................................................... 696 SPORT STATISTICS AND ANALYSES .......................................................................................................................................................................... 696 SPORT TECHNOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 698 SPORTS MEDICINE AND ORTHOPEDICS .................................................................................................................................................................. 699 TRAINING AND TESTING .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 706

AUTHORS INDEX .................................................................................................................................. 732

VIENNA/AUSTRIA, 6-9 JULY 2016

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Tom Reilly Memorial Lecture Saturday, July 9th, 2016 EDUCATION - NOT THE FILLING OF A PAIL, BUT THE LIGHTING OF A FIRE ATKINSON, G. Teesside University The above quote is from the great Irish poet, W.B. Yeats, who won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1923. Yeats contributions to poetry were highlighted in 1941 by another great Irish writer, Louis MacNeice. In that same year, yet another great Irish man was born who ultimately came to represent perfectly the words of wisdom in Yeats’ quote. That man was Professor Tom Reilly. Tom never “spoon-fed” his students, but allowed them a tremendous amount of freedom to think for themselves. Tom’s unwavering confidence in his student’s abilities often led them into challenging, yet very rewarding, activities. Tom had no hesitation in sending his students - sometimes while they were still in their PhD programmes - to international congresses, and sometimes to deliver one of his own overview lectures if the demands for Tom’s presentations were especially high, as they often were. And today I find myself honoured to be able to deliver another lecture – this one at the esteemed ECSS Congress – and yet again, all thanks to my great mentor, Tom Reilly. One of the many sparks that Tom ignited in me was an appreciation of all the different types of research approaches - and how one should never rely on just one of these to ultimately inform practice in exercise science. During my PhD and afterwards, Tom directed me through many laboratory-based experiments into the human body clock. Such was the man’s influence on me - I would think nothing of going two days without sleep to get these experiments completed on time. After all, I was working for the great Tom Reilly; a stunning academic and an accomplished athlete, who, in one experiment, completed 100 hours of non-stop exercise - just to further science. Tom was a great believer in real-world applied research methods and I know I can speak for many of his other students by saying how much he tutored us in undertaking randomised controlled trials of jet lag treatments following actual flights. We completed many such RCTs on Olympic athletes and their support staff, often trying to keep up with Tom’s preference for 16-hour working days on these trips, as well as putting up with some really inventive insults from the athletes when we woke them at 5:30am for their first tests of the day! Tom instilled in me a real sense of wonder about circadian rhythms and jet lag, as well as the importance of not being entrenched in one “camp” or another regarding a certain theory or hypothesis. Often our real world RCTs on jet lag treatments did not result in practicallyimportant or statistically significant effects in the elite athletes - even though evidence from our own laboratory-based studies indicated that these treatments had potential. Tom had no problem with such disagreement between the tightly-controlled laboratory and the more labile “fire” of the real world, knowing that this is essentially evidence translation in action. Tom - Thank you for lighting up the fire of education in me. I am certainly not the only one in this room who owe you this gratitude.

PO-CPP-01 Biomechanics 1

Wednesday, July 6th, 2016 12:00 - 13:00 Conventional Print Poster PO-CPP-01 Biomechanics 1 KINEMATICS OF SPRINT START FOR MASTERS’ ATHLETES KIJIMA, K., URATA, T., OHTA, Y., FUKUDA, K., NAKAI, A., ISHIKAWA, M., MERO, A., KOMI, P.V., ITO, A. 1.Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, 2.Kansai University, 3.Aichi Shukutoku University, 4.University of Hyogo, 5.Shizuoka University of Welfare, 6.University of Jyväskylä The world records of masters’ athletes are getting faster and faster. However, the training of masters’ athletes has not been specifically considered as compared to the young athletes. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the characteristics of the support-leg movements for masters’ sprinters and the changes of sprint start with aging in order to provide the training concepts for masters’ sprinters. Sprint start movements for 17 male masters’ sprinters (records: 11.02-19.83 sec) were recorded by two high-speed cameras (210fps) at the 100-m event of the World Masters Athletics Championships (2009, Finland). These subjects were finalists in each 5-yr age category race from 40 to 90 years old. Each step of their start movements were analyzed from the start to 4th steps with the direct linear transformation method and then the following parameters were calculated as the average of the 4 steps during the start phase: running velocity, step length, step frequency, as well as the joint and segment angles and these angular velocities of the support leg. In addition, these parameters of the world top level young sprinters (n=10, records: 9.85-11.16 sec) were added for considering the age-related specificity. At the start phase, the running velocities of masters’ sprinters were from 3.50 m/s in 90 yr- to 4.65 m/s in 40-44 yr-old. Their running velocities were decreased with increasing age groups. When considered by the whole athletes, their step frequency did not show any relationship with their running velocities, but their step length was negatively related to their running velocities. In their support leg, the changes of the hip, knee and ankle joint angles and these angular extension velocities were negatively related to their running velocities. Both their upper and lower legs were rotated forward throughout the stance phase. The forward rotation velocity of the upper leg was negatively related to their running velocities. However, that of the lower leg did not show any relationship with their running velocities. These results suggest that the reduction of the running speed of masters’ athletes can be related to their lower step length. These low step length of the masters’ sprinters can be related by the reduction of the forward rotation velocity of the upper leg and the reduction of the extension velocity of the knee joint due to the decrease in hip extension and its velocity. Therefore, it is important to prevent the decrease of the hip extension and its velocity for training of masters’ sprinters.

3D KINEMATIC COMPARISON OF MOTORIZED AND NON-MOTORIZED TREADMILL AND OVERGROUND RUNNING GAHLEN, M., KRAKOWSKI-ROOSEN, H. University of Applied Sciences Hamm-Lippstadt The treadmill allows a larger number of steps to be captured and ensures that continuous movement kinematics are obtained. [1][2] The captured data from the treadmill gives a more repeatable pattern of movement in comparison compared to the short discontinuous trial associated with overground analyses. For this analysis a motorized treadmill (h/p/cosmos sports & medical gmbh Nussdorf-Traunstein, Germany) and a non-motorized curved treadmill (Woodway GmbH Weil am Rhein, Germany) were used as well as a 10m walktrack in the laboratory. Ten voluntary participants free from musculoskeletal injury ran with 3.5 m/s +-5% on the treadmills and on the walktrack. The kinematic data were captured with an eight camera motion analysis system (Simi Reality Motion Systems GmbH, Unterschleißheim, Germany). Each mode of running were collected with the same camera setup. Based on the PlugInGait-Model the retroreflective marker where positioned on the lower extremities of the participants. The captured data was compared using a paired samples t-test in SPSS. The results indicate that several kinematic differences were observed between the three running modalities. There is an increased range of motion in hip flexion-extension on overground running and a reduced stride length on the treadmills. Further data is needed for enhancement of accuracy and reliability. Literature: [1] Sinclair et al; Three-dimensional kinematic comparison of treadmill and overground running; Sports Biomechanics, Volume 12, Issue 3, 2013 [2] Sinclair J., Taylor P.; Tibiocalcaneal kinematics during treadmill and overground running; The Foot and Ankle Online Journal 7 (2):8; 2014.

COORDINATION OF MOVEMENT ON A KAYAK ERGOMETER JAHN, C.1,2, WARNKE, T.1, UEBERSCHÄR, O.1, FICHTNER, I.1, WITT, M.2 1: IAT (Leipzig, Germany), 2: IABTW (University Leipzig, Germany) Introduction The introduction of a sprint event (200 m) in flatwater kayaking into the Olympic program in 2009 encouraged higher boat speeds and therefore necessarily higher propulsive forces and power. This development emphasizes the optimization of the force transfer from athlete to water including the kinetic chain of legs, trunk and arms under the condition of an increased frequency. Begon, Colloud & Lacouture (2009) were the first to measure forces in the horizontal direction of a seat and footrest at an aerobic training pace. To our knowledge no systematic analysis of kinetic parameters under speed (i. e. stroke rate) regulation has been completed. Methods 7 German top athletes preparing for the World Championships in 2015 in Milano were tested on a kayak ergometer at 4 different stroke rates (60, 100, 140 und 160 strokes/min [spm]), corresponding to cycle durations between 2.00 s and 0.75 s. In trials of 15 s we measured forces on the paddle (1D, 100 Hz), seat (3D, 1000 Hz) and footrest (1D, left, right, 1000 Hz). All force curves were time normalized to 100 % and an average paddling cycle was calculated of six consecutive cycles, each beginning at the threshold of 30 N after paddle entry. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to determine group differences. Results For the group a reduction of cycle duration led to a signifi-

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cantly delayed development of peak force on the paddle from 8.4 % (median, at 60 spm) to 13.4 % (at 160 spm), p = 0.001, r = -0.88, and contralateral on the footrest from 9.3 % to 13.1 % (p = 0.002, r = -0.83) respectively. They reached peak forces during the right stroke at the same time on paddle and footrest, except at 160 spm the paddle peak force was developed 2.8 % (n. s.) later than the footrest peak. In left strokes the paddle peak force was developed before the footrest peak force for all paces (n. s.), reducing the gap with increasing stroke rates. Also in left strokes paddle peak forces were reached significantly earlier than in right strokes for all paces. Discussion The relatively small time shift of 5 % and 3.8 % at an enormous reduction of cycle time to one third is achieved through the sharp incline in force development on footrest and paddle. However the athletes show asymmetries in timing the peak forces on paddle and footrest, hinting at limitations in force transfer of the trunk. References Begon, M., Colloud, F., & Lacouture, P. (2009). Measurement of contact forces on a kayak ergometer with a sliding footbar–seat complex. Sports Engineering, 11, 67–73. Acknowledgements We thank the German Canoe Federation (DKV) for their support of this Research. Contact Claudia Jahn, Biomechanics, IAT Leipzig, [email protected]

QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS FOR ACQUISITION OF SNATCH SKILL IN JUNIOR WEIGHT LIFTER KASHIWAGI, K.1, YAMAGISHI, M.2, KASHIWAGI, N.3, KATO, T.4, FUNATO, K.2 1:Graduate school of Health and Sport Science, Nippon Sport Science University 2: Nippon Sport Science University 3:Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, 4:Japan Weightlifting Association, Tokyo Japan Introduction A snatch competition of weightlifting requires explosive power output as well as high skill [1]. In particular explosive power output in 2nd pull phase was important in high level performance in national athlete. Preliminary research indicated it was a characteristic of a top-level athlete snatch skill kinematics data, but there are few reports [2] that they mentioned about snatch skill acquisition and important for a training program in junior weight lifter. The purpose of this study was to perform quantitative analysis of on the changing in snatch skill during eleven months between absolute and relative of weightlifting performance. Methods Six junior high school weight lifters (Male:4, Female:2㸪Age㸸16.7±0.6yrs, BH: 164.7±7.8cm, BW: 69.7±20.0kg,) participated in this study. Subjects performed 80%1RM (Pre) snatch and measurement five times of eleven months total. In final measurement, subjects performed 80%1RM snatch of first time equal condition (Post). Kinematics data were recorded by using two digital video camera (60fps) synchronized by an electrical signal. A digitizing system (FrameDIAS-V, DKH) were used to digitize 5 anatomical landmark points on the body and the barbell. Lower joint (Hip, Knee, Ankle) angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration were calculated each five sub-phases (1st pull, Transition, 2nd pull, Turnover, Catch). All statistical analysis were used by paired t-test performed on selected means to detect significant differences (effective p< 0.05) between Pre and Best, Pre and Post respectability (JMP ver. 8.0 : SAS Inc.). Results and Discussion Subject’ body composition (BW, %Fat and LBM) were not change during eleven months. On the other hand, Snatch best performance (Pre:75.8±13.6kg vs. Best:84.8±17.8kg, p< 0.01) and 80%1RM (Pre:61.8±12.1kg vs. Best:69.8±14.7kg, p< 0.05) were significantly increased during eleven months. Best (71.9±13.4rad/s2, p< 0.05) and Post (76.9±17.0rad/s2, p< 0.05) peak hip extension angular acceleration during transition phase were significantly increases compared with Pre (51.5±9.9rad/s2). In Turnover phase, Best (-90.3±14.3rad/s2, p< 0.05) and Post (105.2±16.7rad/s2, p< 0.05) peak hip flexion angular acceleration were significantly increases compared with Pre (-75.9±12.6rad/s2). Conclusion Improvement of the snatch skill of junior weight lifter during eleven months was indicated the peak hip extension and flexion angular acceleration during transition and turnover phases, respectively. References [1]Isaka T. et al., (1996). J Appl. Biomech. 12, 508-516. [2]Harbili E. and Alptekin A.,(2014). J Sports Sci. and Med. Contact:[email protected]

KNEE HYPEREXTENSION CAUSED BY THE UP-BEAT DOLPHIN-KICK MOVEMENT. SANO, K., MAKINO, A., KUNIMASA, Y., HIROISHI, T., OZAKI, R., MIYASHITA, A., SAKAMOTO, T., ISHIKAWA, M. Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences Introduction It was expected that the hyperextension of the knee joint in competitive swimmers can be affected by the repetitive action of the downbeat kick movements (Kenal & Knapp,1996). It is also believed that the hyperextension of the knee joint may increase the amplitudes of the down-beat dolphin kick and influence the swimming performance. However, it remains questionable whether the hyperextension of the knee joint can be advantageous for the dolphin kick performance of the competitive swimmers and whether the hyperextension of the knee joint in competitive swimmers would be caused by the congenital and/or acquired factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine relationships between the dolphin-kick performances, maximal knee extended joint angle on land and the maximal knee extended joint angle during underwater dolphin-kick swimming Methods 8 competitive college male swimmers (Age: 21±1 yr, Height: 1.74±0.07 m, Body mass: 67.1±8.1 kg) were participated in this study. The maximal knee extended joint angles with the standing position and during the 25-m underwater dolphin-kick swimming were measured by the waterproof goniometer. The crosssectional areas (CSA) of hamstrings muscles with the three parts (distal middle and proximal parts) were measured by ultrasonography. The time of the 25-m underwater dolphin-kick swimming with maximal efforts was used as their swimming performance. Results The swimming performance time was negatively related to the maximal knee extended joint angle during the dolphin-kick swimming (r=0.97, p