Berlitz Japanese Dictionary : Japanese-English, English-Japanese 981246414X, 9789812464149

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Berlitz

Dictionary Japanese-English English-Japanese

Berlitz Publishing Union. NJ

•

Munich Singapore •

Original edition edited by the Langenscheidt Editorial Staff

Compiled by LEXUS Inset cover photo:

Ltd.

© Punchstock/Medioimages

Neither the presence nor the absence of a designation that any entered

word constitutes a trademark should be regarded

as affecting the legal status of any trademark.

©

2004 Berlitz Publishing/APA Publications Singapore Branch, Singapore All

GmbH & Co. verlag

KG

rights reserved

Trademark Reg. U.S. Patent Office and other countries. Marca Registrada. used under license from Berlitz investment Corporation.

g 90

& 80

Berlitz Publishing 60

95 Progress Street

Union, NJ 07083

,9

USA

S t;

Printed

In

Cermany

ISBN 981-246-414-X

•£

.1

Preface Here is a new dictionary of English and Japanese, a tool with some 40,000 references for those who work with the English and Japanese languages

at

beginner's or intermediate level.

Focusing on modern usage, the dictionary offers coverage of everyday language, including vocabulary from areas such as computers and business.

The Japanese

in this dictionary is written

both

characters and in a romanized pronunciation system

in

-

Japanese

a modified

version of the standard Hepburn.

The two

sides of this dictionary, the English-Japanese and the

Japanese-English, are quite different in structure and purpose. The

English-Japanese

is

designed for productive usage, for

self-

expression in Japanese. The Japanese-English, which can also be accessed through the Joyo Kanji index, is a decoding dictionary, a dictionary to enable the native speaker of English to understand

Japanese. Clarity of presentation has been a major objective. this

book have

set out to

The

editors of

provide the means to enable you, the user

of the dictionary, to get straight to the translation that fits a particular context of use. Is the mouse you need for your computer, for example, the same in Japanese as the mouse you don't want in the house? Is flimsy referring to furniture the same in Japanese as flimsy referring to an excuse? The English-Japanese dictionary is rich in sense distinctions like this and in translation options tied to specific, identified senses.

Grammatical or function words are treated in some detail, on both the English-Japanese and the Japanese-English sides. And a large number of idiomatic phrases are given to show how the two languages correspond All in

all, this is

become

a

in context.

book

full

of information, which will,

a valuable part of your language toolkit.

we

hope,

Contents

How to use

the dictionary

5

Pronunciation of Japanese

9

Abbreviations

10

Joyo Kanji

11

Hiragana and Katakana Table

31

Japanese-English

33

English-Japanese

287

Numbers and Dates

672

How to

use the dictionary

To get the most out of your dictionary you should understand how and where to find the information you need. Whether you are yourself writing a text in Japanese or wanting to understand a text written in Japanese, the following pages should help. 1

How and where do

.

1.1

I

find a

word?

English headwords. The English word

list is

arranged

in alphabetical

order.

Sometimes you might want to look up terms made up of two separate words, for example antivirus program, or hyphenated words, for example absent-mlndea. rhese words are treated as though they were a single word and their alphabetical ordering reflects this. Compound words like bookseller, bookstall, bookstore are also listed in alphabetical order.

The only exception phrasal verbs directly after

arouna 1.2

to this strict alphabetical ordering

is

made for English

words like go off, go out, go up. These are positioned their main verb (in this case go), rather than being scattered -

in alphabetical positions.

Japanese headwords. The Japanese word

list is

arranged

in

English

on the romanization system or romaji. pronounced, or how it is written in romaji,

alphabetical order by being sorted

So if you know how a wora is you can look it up straightforwardly.

however, you are decoding a Japanese character, and have no idea is pronounced or written in romaji, then you can make use of one of the three indexes of Japanese characters. These indexes are on pages If,

how it

11-32.

1.3

Running heads If you are looking for an English or a Japanese word you can use the running heads printed in bold in the top comer of each page. The running head on the left tells you the first headword on the left-hand page and the one on the right tells you the last headword on the right-hand page.

2. 2.1

Swung dashes A swung dash (~)

replaces the entire

headword when

the

headword

is

repeated within an entry:

on the

sly zurui

- kossori to

Here on the ~ means on the sly. 2.2

When a headword changes form in an entry, for example if it is put in the past tense or in the plural, then the past tense or plural ending is added to the swung dash - but only if the rest of the word doesn't change: fluster

v/i

menkurawaseru

;

>

Bui:

horrify:

/

was

horrified /.otto shimashita

get ~ed urotaeru

11

2.3

1

Headwords made up of two, or sometimes swung dash:

three,

words are replaced by

a single

hold on

v//

(wait)

TELEC kiranaide matsu

matsu

now - a minute! chotto matte come in on> a deal keiyaku ni sanka 3.

What do the

3.1 All

suru

mean?

different typefaces

Japanese and English headwords and the Arabic numerals

dif-

ferentiating English parts of speech appear in bold:

.

alcoholic n arukoru-chadoku-kanja arukoru-iri (no) 3.2

italics

a

)

'

2 ^/

are used for

abbreviated grammatical labels:

adj, aav,

vli, vlt

etc

the indicating words which are the signposts pointing to the correct translation for your needs

b)

all

c)

explanations

mailbox

{in street)

{of house) yubin'uke

posuto

COMPUT merubokkusu

() 2 n

Thai

adj Tai (no) Tai-go

{person) Tai-jin

{language)

…

n {in tennis) sabu 2 vlt food, meal dasu oaz customer in shop ... no yo o ukagau the people ... ni tsukaeru

serve

…

ashi leg {of table atashi

na (forms

I

etc)

{used mainly by

adjectives):

'

women)

()

okt/

y6 (na) cowardly

3.3 All phrases (examples and idioms) are given

sonshitsu

kanojo wa gaikokugo ga jozu da

The normal tvpeface If a

is

secondary bold italics:

&'

linguist (professional) gengo-gakusha

3.5

in

sonshitsu o dasu make

loss;

3.4

country,

5

(

she's a f

a loss

good

-

T

used for the translations.

italics, and not in the normal typeface, this means that the translation is more of an explanation in the other language and that an explanation has to be given because there is no real

translation

equivalent:

is

given in

-

banker's card chekku kado, tanshinfunin transfer

livin};

kogitte o tsukaii toki ni hiisuvo

away from

one's family after a job

kikio

1

4.

1

What do the various symbols and abbreviations

tell

you? 4.1

A

solid black lozenge

auction off

4.2

is

used to identify a phrasal verb:

o kyobai

...

ni

kakete shobun suru

…

A

white lozenge is used to divide up longer entries into digested chunks of related bits of text:

more

easily

a

(with an apple ringo an (no translation): a cat neko countword): a pencil and an eraser enpitsu ippon to keshigomu five men and a woman go-nin no ikko $ '

otoko to

hitori

0$50 3'€^

no onna

once a week isshukan

ikkai goju doru

It is

ni ikkai

also used, in the Japanese-English dictionary, to split different when the part of speech of each translation is different:

translations

iraira

kaibatsu

suru

frustrating; nerve-racking

altitude; elevation

above sea

get

worked up

level

4.3

The abbreviation F tells you

4.4

A colon before an English or Japanese word or phrase means that usage

that the word or phrase is used colloquially rather than in formal contexts. The abbreviation V warns you that a word or phrase is vulgar or taboo. Be careful how you use these words. The abbreviation H means that the word is used to make yourself humble before the person you are speaking to.

is

example

restricted to this specific

choice of vocabulary

is

own

accord: of one's

(at least as far as this dictionary's

concerned): - jihatsuteki ni

ana

shidai:

shidai

desu

it's

up to you

4.5 The letters X and Y are used to indicate insertion points for other words if you are building a complete sentence in Japanese, for example:

get

away

YY

kara

X

v/i

shoestring: do

…

Suspension points

below 5. 5.1

prep

2

(leave) tachisaru

Y

o toriageru

X on (...)

… no

vlt:

get

X away from

X

a - shogaku-shikin de

X

X

suru

are used in a similar way:

shita ni

…

{in

amount,

rate, level)

...

ika ni

Does the dictionary deal with grammar too? headwords are given a part of speech label, unless, in normal headword is only used as one part of speech and so no confusion or ambiguity is possible. In these cases no part of speech label is needed. All English

modern

English, the

abolish haishi suru lastly saigo ni

iti

"

f

8 But:

glory n eiko

owni

v/t

(n given because 'glory' could

(

shoyu suru

be a verb)

given because 'own'

also an

is

adjective)

5.2 Japanese headwords are not given part of speech labels. Where their English translations can be of more than one part of speech, then these are separated by a white lozenge. For example:

kotonaru mj

5.3

mae front

Where

a Japanese

-na

dissimilar

differ

before; ago

word has

a

(for emphasis):

forget

'

grammatical function,

(forms negative imperative):

da na

kirei

ka (question particle) … ka ... ka either ... or...

/•/•

this

is

illustrated:

wasiyreru-zia don't

…

beautiful, isn't

it's

desu ka

OK?

is it

0:

…

it!

5.4 Object particles

Object particles such as 'no' and 'ni are included with translations of an object particle is not given, then you can assume that the correct particle to use transitive verbs in the English-Japanese half of the dictionary. If

is

'o.

win 2

vlt

...

ni katsu

… //

In phrasal verbs the object particle live

6.

(no)

on

v/t rice,

and

bread

...

ry,

is

wowe

ateru

always given.

o tabete ikiru

…

(na):

Where

the Japanese translation of an adjective is given with (no) or (na) the general rule is that the 'no' or 'na, is only used if the adjective is placed before its noun:

()

quiet shizuka (na)

a quiet room shizuka na heya the

room was quiet heya wa

shizuka deshita

flowery pattern hanamoyo (no)

{

()

flowery dress hanamoyo no doresu the dress 7.

is

flowery doresu wa hanamoyo desu

Verbs of activity and verbs of being The translation of some basic prepositions (or postpositions in Japanese) depends on the type of verb used with the preposition. Verbs of activity are verbs like: work, run, eat, verbs of being are verbs like: /

used

to

does he

work

in

still live ili

V

fl:

live, be.

Tokyo watashi wa Tokyo dc halaraite imashita

in

'

Tokyo? kare wa mada

kv(—) ni '

sunde imasu ka

The pronunciation

of

All Japanese characters in this dictionary are

Japanese

accompanied by

a

romanized

romaji letters are pronounced as you would normally expect on the basis of English. he following is a guide to the pronunciation of romaji. script

known

as romaji.

Not

all

Vowels There are only

five

vowel sounds

a

as in father

e

as in get or

i

as in heal (but shorter)

Remember that at the

in Japanese:

bed

o

as in port (but shorter)

u

as in put

there are no silent letters. So

end of a word

it

must be pronounced:

when

for example,

'e',

comes

'are' is ah-reh' (not as in 'are' in

English).

A bar, or macron, over a vowel means that

it has twice the length of a vowel without a bar. Distinguish carefully between obasan (aunt) and obasan (grandmother) or koji (orphan) and koji (construction).

When two vowels

are adjacent they should not be

(as in English), but

like Thai pronounced ah-eh pronounced eh-eh like the ay of pay

ai

ae ee ei

made

into a single

sound

each should be pronounced separately: ie

oh ue

pronounced ee-eh pronounced o-oo pronounced oo-eh

Consonants as in

go or

always as

rl

as in yar

Note

that

y

is

letter

'r'

(never

never a long 'i sound. For example, the Kyu of Kyushu

the 'cu' of cute and never like the

The

in msLSs

z)

as in >^et

sounds more

like

'ki'

is

like

of kite.

an i\

Double consonants are an important feature of Japanese. Each part of a double consonant should be pronounced separately: anna is pronounced anna; kippu is kip-pu; gakko is gak-ko.

An

apostrophe

is

used to indicate a slight pause when speaking.

Stress To

all

intents

value to

all

and purposes there is no stress in Japanese. So give the same Yo-ko-ha-ma not Yo-ko-HA-ma.

syllables: say

Abbreviations adj

adv

adjective

adverb

ANAT anatomy BIO

MUS music n

NAUT

noun nautical

biology

neg

negative

BOT botany

pej

pejorative

Br

British English

CHEM chemistry COM commerce, business COMPUT computers, IT term conj

conjunction

EDU education ELEC F

financial

fml

formal usage

GRAM grammar H humble, showing humility to the listener

MIL

MOT

pron

pronoun psychology

PSYCH

RAD

FIN

interjection

law mathematics medicine military

motoring

politics

preposition

RAIL REL

familiar, colloquial

physics

prep

electronics

figurative

LAW MATH MED

PHYS POL

electricity,

fig

inter]

PHOT photography

S.O.

SP sth

TECH TELEC

THEA TV V

radio railroad religion

someone sports

something technology telecommunications theatre television

vulgar

vli

intransitive verb

vlt

transitive verb

->

see registered

®

trademark

Joyo Kanji Although Japanese uses more kanji than those listed here, this table, as the Joyo Kanji List, is the full listing of the 1,945 characters that the Japanese government recommends as a guideline for the Japanese press and for the general writing of Japanese by both native and non-native speakers.

known

^

e

kuaa(su),

.... ichi, itsu,

o^rosu), o(nru )

hito(tsu)

sai

otsu

san,

JU

sho, cnii(sai),

ko, o 1

1

III 1

yama kawa

san,

sen,

JO, sho, ue,

ko,

ku

uwa, kami,

ko,

ki,

.

onore

kan, ho(su),

a(garu),

nana(tsu)

a(geru),

ni{TU

nobo(ru),

kyu, yumi

cho

kyu, ku,

nobo(seru),

kokono(tsu)

nobo(su)

ni, fiita(tsu)

JO,

O+IK

take

man, ban

fu bu

nyu, i(ru),

yo

cho, naka

hai(ru)

gan, maru(i)

jin, nin,

hito

ata(eru) JSL

7J

tan

kyu, oyo(bu).

go

sen, chi

sho,

bo,

mo, na(i) bon, han

ton go, itsu(tsu)

ju, jit(tsu), to.

ha shaku

mata

kyu, ku.

sei,

ryo

hisa(shii)

kai

ko, ku, kuchi

kon, kin, ima

hachi, ya(tsu). yat(tsu)

J

ZJ

shichi,

tei,

TIJ

ko

sun

t

mi(tsii),mit(tsu)

J

shi, SU,

J

kuaa( saru),

to,

DL 1

katana

ryoku,

riki.

chikara

jin,

P

3 strokes

masu

bo, tobo(snii)

go, taga(i)

sho,

i

do, to, tsuchi

ka, ke.

shi

ba(keru)

yu

ka, ge, shila.

seki,

shimo, moto.

dai, tai o(kii),

butsu, hotoke

sa(gcru).

o(ini)

gen, gan,

sa(garu).

jo,

kuda(ru).

me

nyo, onna.

jin, ni

moto

ko, oyake

bun, fun. bu.

12

wa(keru),

getsu, gatsu,

wa(karu)

tsuki

hon,

roku, mu(tsu),

matsu, batsu,

mut(tsu)

moku, boku, ki, ko

en, maru(i)

ketsu,

mi

nai, dai, uchi

ka(keru),

shitsu,

jo

ushina(u)

ki(ru)

ka(ku) shi, to(maru) hi, kura(beru) mo, ke

ka(ru)

shi, uji

monme

sui,

kyo setsu, sai,

shu, osa(maru)

moto

sue

sho, i(kiru),

sei,

i(kasu), i(keru),

u(mareru),

mizu

u(mu), o(u),

ku

ka, ko, hi,

hitsu, hiki

fu, chichi

ha(yasu),

han, hon, tan,

hen, kata

nama

ho

ha(eru),

so(ru)

gyu, ushi

ben

yaku

ken, inu

kan,

so, futa

o,

kimi

tomo

yu,

ki,

ama (

6 ko, kan

5 strokes

yo

yu, yu, yui,

yoshi

tai, ta, futo(i), i

bo, haha

hoku, kita

se shi

ko

mu, hoko gyoku, tama

sho, suku(nai)

ko, taku(mi)

satsu,

shaku, seki

ho, tsutsu(mu)

sen

gen, maboroshi

kyu, oka

shiji,

totsu

tsuka(eru)

hi(keru)

6

dai, tai,

cho, tomura(u)

ka(tsu)

ka(waru), yo,

hitsu,

shiro

futo(ru) ten,

ame, ama

fu, fu, otto

in,

hi(ku),

shin,

kokoro

shin,

ko, to

kanara(zu)

ta

shu, te ta

seki

fu,

shi,

sasa(eru)

shi,

ya

sei,

yo

mo(su) saku

tsu(ku)

rei

bun, mon, fumi

sa, hidari

kan

to

hei

sho, me(su)

kin

shutsu, sui,

ka,

kuwa(eru)

ho, kata

dc(ru), da(su)

ko,

ku

nichi, jitsu, hi,

min, lami

yo, osana(i)

han, naka(ba)

hi,

ka

..

kawa

13

shi, ichi

kyo kyu

gen

haku, byaku,

sha

utsu(su) 1

maka(seruj irn

W

/''

gyo, KO, ao(gu), o(se)

ko, furu(i)

shiro(i), shira

hei, hyo,

ji shi,

fe

den, tsuta(eru)

shime(su)

/cr

tai(ra), hira

te

gai, ge, soto,

ei,

ka, ke, kan zen matta(ku)

hoka, hazu(su)

hyo, kori, hi

ki,

sen, shi(meru),

rei, rai

kuwada(teru)

urana(U)

shu, su,

tada(shii),

masa

go,

koku, 1

yo, mochi(iru)

ishi

•

1L

fuyu

ritsu, ryu,

kai, e, a(U)

/

S

ju, shiru

m

kyo, ko, sa(ru) futsu, hara(u)

moku, boku,

l

cho, kiza(shi) TIT]

C

sara

o siroKes

kei, kyo, ani

go

u ha, hane in,

ll

da, u(tsu)

shi, tsugi,

so

me, ma den, ta

niku ji,

tsu(gu)

ta(tsu)

sho

ga ka',

a(u)

seki, shaku,

atsu

to,

omo,

nushi

sho,

sei,

naga(i)

Try

shirushi

shu, su kei retsu

dai, tai

ta, o(i)

ko, maji(waru),

ka

shi,shi(nu)

maji(eru).

ku

ki, per

shi u, yu,

nen

mayiru), ma(zaru),

shu

migi

kono(mu)

ke

ryo

ma(zeru),

su(ku)

sei, sai, nishi

ka(u) ka(wasu)

do fu nuno

koromo

ju, a(teru)

ri

han, oka(su)

mai

ko,

sai, sa.

kanga(eru)

rutata(bi)

ro, o(iru),

kyoku. ma(garu)

ru(keru)

luku, lu(seru)

shiki,

kyu, yasu(mu)

iro so, araso(u)

ko,

ketsu, ana

,

i,

—

ni,

r+fi

ama

shu shi,

1

yon,

mo, bo

/

ko, hiro(i)

cho

toshi

\

,

kan shoku,

yo(tsu),

ken

yot(lsu)

batsu

ki,

satsu, fuda

chO naka

aya(ui).

abuna(i).

14

imo shiba

kai hai

V//

it

lomo

kvo,

hen, atai^n), be

an, yasuc

ko(mu), ko(meru) jun, megu(ru)

shu,

XI

-r

Jin

M

7 strokes

aya(bumu) yo, hilsuji

ryo, yo(i) shin,

i)

su

mi

ku(ru),

rai,

mamo(rii),

kita(ru),

mori u

soku, taba

kita(su)

aza

do, ona(ji)

ji,

p

taku

ga ware, wa

ko, hika(ru),

ko, sara(ni),

ni

hikari

fu(keru)

Wi

chi, ike

to, a(taru)

a

7

o, kitana(i)

retsu, oto(ru)

ju,

kega(su),

kichi, kiisu

sno shiki

7L

kega(rawashii),

yogo(su)

n

kan, ase

/

KO, e

1

bo, isoga(shii )

'1

kaku, onoono chi, ji,

3i

|aJ

+ nn

1

F=

/ 1

haku

1

saku, sa.

tsukue

kyo, sake(bu)

tsukii(rii) /pi

hada

u a(ru) mune

hyaku shun

ha(ku)

mu(ku)

sei, JO,

ji ni(ru)

tada(shi)

1s

tei,

1

JU,

1

ka

nani,

1

shi,

ukagai^u )

/

hiku(i)

su(niu)

gan, luku(mu)

na(ru)

ji shi,

jo

mizuka(ra)

rei,

ko

ketsu, chi

hi(eru).

mei, myo, na

shi, ito

hi(yasu).

nyo, jo

bei mai, kome

sa(meru).

shu, fune.

sa(masu)

ko, -

TTT

han, ho ko, gyo, an.

ill

nan

yo, ama(ru)

to, hi fvc

tomona(u) tai, tei, karada sa

atsuka( u

ni rfi

han, ban,

1p

so, sa, haya(i)

zetsu, sniia

/P

shin, no(basu)

1^

shi,

kyu, su(u)

1

1

boku

zai, a(ru)

to,

i kurai

dan, ton

yu,

zon

kotobuki

1

kyu, ku(chiru)

sen, saki

nil

yo(ru)

in,

ki,

ji

son,

kai, e,

mawa(ru)

tera

shi, ita(ru)

tsu(kiru)

jin, n=n

ri sato

tsume(tai).

funa

kyu.

chu, mushi

moto(meru)

mimi

i(ku), yu(ku).

ji,

okona(u)

chiku, take

bo, fuse(gu)

%

ho

15

soku ran, tamago kyaku han, ban

ko gi,

sho, yuka, toko

waza

o

na(geru)

jo

to,

taku

kin, chika(i)

betsu,

kai,

gei,

waka(reru)

kokoroyo(i)

hen, kae(su)

jo,

tasu(keru),

sui,

fu(ku)

muka(eru)

tei

nyo bi o kyoku kon, koma(ru) i kako(mu)

suke rei, hage(masu) do, tsuto(meru) bo, wasu(reru)

gin

tai, tsui

ran, mida(reru)

koku

to, zu,

kaku, kado,

kun, kimi

sugi

tsuno

bo,

zai

de

tei

koku, tsu(geru) hi,

ina

mame

zu, to, haka(ru)

mura

samata(geru)

son,

ototo

nin

jo

koku, tani

myo

kan,

hei hyo go

da

ji,

dai, tei,

kimo

ni

wazawa(i)

ki

sai,

i

kyo, kuru(u)

sha, yashiro

chu, oki

yaku, eki

kai,

ketsu, ki(maru)

kei, gyo, kata,

arata(meru)

chin, shizu(mu)

katachi

ko, se(meru)

botsu

ho, kanba(shii)

nin, shino(bu)

ki

ka,

taku,

sawa

hana

i(mawashii)

ki,

modo(ru)

gei

rei,

bo, bo'

ko

kai,

ko

kyu,

imashi(meru)

han, saka

shin, kara(i)

so, hashi(ru)

kiwa(meru) kan sho

jin,

seki, shaku,

ro

ri,

aka(i)

ki

shi,

fu

shi,

shu, hii(deru)

~

kin

ken, mi(ru) shin

ki(ku)

watakushi

ha

kokorozashi,

sho, haji(me),

setsu, o(ru)

kokoroza(su)

hatsu,

batsu, nu(ku)

ichi

sho voku, osa(eru)

so(meru) cho, machi

sei,

hi

kowa

bai, u(ru)

sho, koe,

ui,

dan, nan,

otoko

16

*

kei

so,

gon

gen,

i(u),

haba(mu)

oyo(gu) haku, to(maru)

ei,

fu

koto

chu, soso(gu)

kai

kuruma

sha,

awa

tei

ho,

sei

ho, ha', ho'

soku, ashi,

shi, sa(su)

kyo

ta(riru), ta(ru),

to

en, so(u)

ta(su)

koku, kiza(mu)

sho,

baku, mugi

satsu, su(ru)

chi,

numa

ji,

ken

osa(meru),

gai

nao(ru)

ko, ki(ku)

dei,

ka,

cho, naga(i)

shuku ju u(keru)

hyo, omote,

ya,

arawa(su)

sotsu

hi

doro

kawa

tsubo

yo yoru

ou, saiwa(i), sachi,

kaku

kei,

ka, ha(tasu)

kyo

taku

iku, soda(tsu)

hai oga(mu)

ga,

to,

higashi

kyo

sniawa(se)

o(su)

sui, ta(reru)

sei

o,

ho,

mo

tatematsu(ru)

han kyo

chu matsu

doku ji,

zu,

koto

setsu

choku,

hi

jiki,

nyd, chichi, chi

tada(chini),

haku, hyo

sho,

nao(su)

ho, da(ku),

uketamawa(ru)

hon

ida(ku),

i e

taku

kaka(eru)

men, manuka(reru)

tei

shi,

tsuka(u)

ka, atai rei,

tato(eru)

ka ji,

samurai

tan, katsu(gu),

hei, nara(bu),

nina(u)

nami

kai

ten

sho,

kyo, ku, tomo,

en, no(biru)

sona(eru)

shti,

hei awa(seru) bu, anado(ru)

o,

sha

futsu,

nen

yu, abura

mei, myo,

ha,

inochi

hitsu, hi

mawa(ri)

nagu(ru)

kyu, na(ku)

wa(ku)

nami

.

^

mane(ku) kaku kyo, ko ko kyo, koba(mu)

sei,

fu.

sho kowa(i)

kai, aya(shii)

mi, aii(wau)

17

ko, yo(bu) chi shi(ru)

sho ho, fu, bu,

eki,

ki

aru(ku),

kon

ayu(mu)

teki,

mato

sha,

mono ta(ku)

sho

sei,

mai, imoto

sno, nobo(ru)

mu

bu,

shi,

ane

misaki

sui,

shi,

haji(maru)

gan, iwa

ro

sai,

tsuma

i yasa(shii)

bono

gan, kishi

en,

gaku,

gaku, take

shi

mana(bu)

fu

ki,

gen, tsuru

tei,

hi kare, kano

soko ten, mise

boku, maki butsu, motsu,

sei

todo(ku),

mono

kei

todo(keru)

ho, hana(su)

o

kutsu

san, mai(ru)

kyo, i(ru)

o chu

koku, kuni

ken, kata

ko kata(i)

bo, fusa

byo, nae,

nawa

ei

mo, shige(ru) ga,me

rin,

jaku, nyaku,

hai,

waka(i),

seki

mo(shikuwa)

sho,

kuki

shi,

kei,

hayashi

mai sakazuki

waku han, ban,

niga(ru)

su

seki, shaku,

bo

mukashi

hi,

ho, takara jitsu,

mi,

wa,o yawa(ragu),

matsu eda

niga(i),

shu

sho, tokoro

gu

ku, kuru(shii),

so,

ino(ru)

nago(mu), nago(yaka) i

ita

ki

shu, to(ru) kin, kon, kane,

ko(eru),

koe fuku

kana u, ame, ama mon. kado

sni

9 strokes

mino(ru) chu kan

sei,

mei, myo,

shoku,

gi

a(kasu), a(ku),

ta(beru), ku(u),

tei,j6

a(keru),

ku(rau)

sada(maru)

a(kari),

hi,

totsu, tsu(ku)

aka(rui),

hatsu, hotsu

ku, a(ku)

aka(ramu),

chu

sora, kara

aki(raka)

jin

sh6,ao(i)

ko jiki,

to(bu)

18

omomu(ku)

hanaha(dashii)

o(u)

fu,

kan, ma(ku),

kvu, iso(gu)

kyo, hasa(mu)

maki moppa(ra)

shu, kubi

go

zen,

sen,

mae

cho, ido(mu)

so,

kana(deru)

bi utsuku(shii)

ji,

ju,

cho, omo(i),

Don

katsu

rin

sha, ju, hiro(u)

ko, atsu(i)

shi, sa(su),

mei, mayo(u)

sa(ku)

kasa(naru), e

no(ru)

jo,

shin

soku,

unaga(su) ben, bin,

snirizo(ku)

tai,

OH

mo(tsu)

yubi

hin, shina

tsui, o{^U)

in

to, ni(geru),

shi,

tayo(ri)

ni(gasu),

y6, i(ru)

kei, kaka(ru),

noga(su),

sui

kakari

noga(reru)

doku, hito(ri)

¥r

shun

sugata

gyaku,

kyo, sema(i),

ho, tamo(tsu)

saka(rau)

seba(maru)

shin, oka(su)

so,

zoku ko

tetsu

gen, kagi(ru)

jutsu, t^

ro

ko oroshi, oro(su)

m

no(beru)

P

yu, isa(mu)

tai,

ken, kon,

ko, go,

ta(teru)

oku(reru), ato,

gun

/

kaku, kawa

kaze,

kaza

so

dan

so,

tsu, shin

ko, a(reru),

sen, asa(i)

ara(i)

cha, sa

KO

tei

katsu V^ w

awa(remu) /fcr

kusa

sen, ara(u)

kan, kanmuri hen, ka(waru)

ma(tsu)

nocni, ushi(ro)

ta(eru)

tai,

VP"

jo

ritsu richi

haku, sema(ru)

fu, fu,

kei, chigi(ru)

ai,

shu, ka(ru)

ko

4*

saku, kezu(ru)

choku

/

1

oku(ru)

-

sen

kyaku, kaku

jo

shitsu,

yo

setsu

umi

muro

saka(eru),

tei

kai,

nan, na,

ha

ha(eru)

do, hora

tan

jo, shiro

ko ken kyo

minami tei,

sada

gyaku, shiita(geru) fu,

ma(keru).

hi

kaki, kai kei, fu,

kata

ho

ei,

toge

19 tan,

sumi

shin, J in,

yu

kami,

hi, lya(shii)

kan, ko

eki,

do, to, taku.

±

so

tabi

fx

shuku, shu,

kyu kyu

niwa oku ya men, omo, omote, tsura

yaku

iwa(u)

ki

chin,

ko,

mezura(shii)

kurenai

ko, o

yaku

SCI

kei, tei

chu, nasnira

se hodoko(su)

ryu, yanagi

sei,

sho,

ki

ko

matsungoto kon, ura(mu)

tei,

bU, bllU, dl hei, e,

gara

shi,

ka(reru)

sa

ku

beni,

haka(ru)

soku

10 strokes

/^ KO

DO ja nyu,

'

yawa(rakai)

pX

ko, yue

sen, so(maru).

'

bu

anado(ru)

sude(ni)

ki,

shu, koto

do, oko(ru),

sha, i(ru)

shi(miru)

ika(ru)

zan, noko(ru)

ka, ka(keru)

tai.

mo, ko

no

namake(ru), okota(ru)

ko, tagava(su)

tan

to,

tao(reru)

1

ho, nara(u)

m

ken, to(gu)

hai

vy

sa, sha,

suna saku, kuda(ku) on, in, oto, ne

shu, shu,

utsu(su).

shu, kusa(i)

bai

ha(eru)

kan

saku sno bo, oka(su)

sho,

hai

m.

tai

rrr

hai,

somu(ku).

se, sei ei,

utsu(ru).

„

sei,

„ sno, nosni -

ze

shun, haru kai,

/

1

nabu(ku).

shaku, kai^nru)

kaeri(miru)

ken rin

shu, aki

chi, ne, atai

t>

byo

ko

chu, hiru

i

ho hyo, tawara

,

sen, izumi

ten

osa(maru)

jun, tate

mina

hatake, hata

sei.

ko, soro

ff


ten, so(u)

byo, neko

yo ma, asa sho

fix

CKl

mo

kai

ryo

ton, buta

ryo, suzu(^shii )

cho, ha(ru)

kyaku, kya,

gai

kyo, go,

ashi

IKl

tsuyo(i),

no

bai, tsuchika(u)

tsuyo(maru),

datsu, nu(gu)

hori

shi(iru)

so

jutsu

shu, nara(u)

shiisu, shu,

toku, e(ru),

kan, kawa(ku)

to(ru)

u(ru)

/

shin, fuka(i)

su(mu)

sai,

+

ki,

m

tin

moto, motoi

o(su)

sui,

shi

cho, ho(ru)

kakari

i

kyu, tama

hai

ka

gen,

setsu, tsu(gu)

cho, arawa(su),

arawa(reru)

ko, hika(eru)

ichijiru(shii)

bo,

fi

sai,

ju,

o Qi ftp^ri KdKcH^gCrU )

6, ko, ki,

1

to(ru)

sazu(keru)

ko

na kiku

sai,

.

ri

mo, nozo(mu) sen

zoku

tan, sagu(ru),

kin

kyu, suku(u)

saga(su)

seki, jaku,

kyo, oshi(eru),

so

sabi(snii)

oso(waru)

byo, ega(ku)

shuku, yado(ru)

sha

so,

s

koku, kuro(i)

irodo(ru)

ka(karu),

K.C1,

w

sai,

ha(ku)

sha, su(tcrLi)

in itsu

kulsu, ho(ru)

so,

mado

mu, tsuto(meru)

yoku, ho(shii).

23 hos(suru)

teki, fue

aku, o, waru(i)

fu

kai

no,

tai

kan, wazura(u)

s

« sno

otozu(reru),

katsu, wa(ru),

tazu(neru)

wa(reru), wari,

san, u(mu),

pT

kyo, yuru(su)

sa(ku)

ubu yoku

5^

sno

so, tsuku(ru)

sx

setsu,

mo(keru]

gan, gen,

yaku, wake

manako cho naga(me)

hai,

m

1

ki

tsuto(meru)

ban

han

haku, baku

kan,

zo, sho

tsuranu(ku)

matsu(ru)

sai,

yabu(reru)

kin, gon,

se(meru)

chaku, jaku,

i utsu(ru)

seki,

ryaku

Ka

mi

nan,

ki(ru), ki(seru)

yawara(kai)

zen

i,

koto(naru)

sei, JO,

mo(ru),

saka(ru),

ilE

\

to,

nusu(mu)

sai,

hoso(i),

tsu(keru),

ten,

/ saKa(n)

tsu(ku),

sui,

koro(bu) yo(u)

yo(i)

son, toto(i),

t6to(bu),

cho, tsu(ru)

tatto(i),

setsu, yuki

tatto(bu)

mon, to(u) ton

fu

hoso(ru),

nei, to(jiru),

gu

koma(kai)

to(zasu),

tatsu

shin

shi(meru).

un, hako(bu)

kon

shi(maru)

sui,

cho.

do, to, michi

so,

ku(mu).

I

to(geru)

kumi

itadak(k:u).

hen

shu, o(waru)

itadaki

chi, oso(i),

sno

gyo uo sakana

oku(reru)

kei, kyo, he(ru)

cho, tori

ryu, tsubu

ka, ayama(tsu),

su(giru),

1^ siroKes

so, ara(i)

nen, neba(ru)

su(gosu) yu, yu, aso(bu)

snaku

ken,

soku, haka(ru)

dan, ta(tsu),

suko(yaka) bi, sona(eru)

ko, minato

i era(i)

wan

kotowa(ru)

haku sen, tune, funa ja,

dai

da, hebi

/

ko,

mizumi

bo, katawa(ra)

on, atata(kai)

san, kasa

shitsu,

gu,

sumi

shime(ru)

24

yu man, mil chiru) to,

ji

to,

wata(ru)

uzu

ka,

jun

ban

retsu, sa(ku)

sho, atsu(i)

so, sho,

sho

yoso(u)

kei

saba(ku),

sai,

ryo, haka(ru)

gen, he(ru)

ta(tsu)

sai,

kan, ta(eru)

raku, o(chiru)

tai,

homu(ru)

motto(mo)

ka(waru) sho, ya(ku)

ba

so,

tsutsumi

yo, ha

mu,

to

bo, tsuno(ru)

sha, ni(ru)

tsuka

kan, samu(i)

zen,

nen

hei

fu, fu,

kin,

koto

jo, tei,

to(mu),

bu na(i)

ken, kata(i)

tomi

san, chi(ru)

da

ei itona(mu) kaku, obo(eru),

uyama(u) kan gi, azamu(ku) kan da

ho, muku(iru)

cho, ko(eru) so,

mo

sa(masu)

sho ki, yoroko(bu)

yo, a(geru) tei,

sa(geru)

kei,

ko, awa(teru)

en

hai, suta(reru)

yo, yu(reru)

ro

to

kan, ka(waru)

zoku ken to, mune, muna

aku, nigi(ru)

tana

hi,

kitsu

etsu, ko(su)

kan

kyoku, goku, kiwa(meru)

shu, ju, tsu(ku)

ki

ko, kata(i)

bo kan ken

sho

ki

to, to,

nobo(ru)

tan, mijika(i) jin,

tazu(neru)

sei,

muko

hi,

kana(shimu) ko, yato(u) tobira

iku

ki,

ryu do, warabe

shoku, u(eru)

bai

yu waku, mado(u)

shin,

mori

shoku, fu(eru) tei,

hodo

b6

cho

fuku, haba

sho, ka(tsu),

ho, ogina(u)

yu

yu

dan, hi(ku),

masa(ru) wan, ude

hazu(mu), tama

ki,

go

jo,

go, gyo, gai, kai,

fuku

on machi

15

.

zei

rui

tata(mu),

cho, asa

tatami

gyo, akatsuki

ban

sei,

ha(reru)

bai,

ka(u)

25 shu, shu

toto(bu)

so, uto(i)

bo

ri

tai,

kaku, heda(teru)

ka(su)

kan,

ga

susu(meru)

to

jiku

sei, iKio(i)

ketsu,

kei, karu(i),

ri,

musu(bu), yu(u) yu(waeru) raku

karo(yaka)

ki

kyo

jun

saku, su

tei

kyu

in,

kai, e

han meshi

ko, shibo(ru)

yu, osu, o

itsuku(shimu)

shi(meru),

shu, tsudo(u),

gi

tsu,

ita(mu)

shi(maru) su(beru)

to,

zetsu, ta(eru) shi,

murasaki

don, nibu(i)

no(mu)

ura

osore ryo ji

atsu(maru)

no

sho, ko(geru),

katsu, sube(ru),

ase(ru)

name(raka)

un,

kumo

taki

fun

ko,

mizo

kan

tai,

todoko(ru)

kan, ken, ma,

yo, to(keru)

aida kai, a(keru),

kan baku

kin, suji

a(ku), hira(ku),

gen,

to, hito(shii)

hira(keru)

metsu,

ko

horo(biru)

sho o,

oku

shi,

ha

hitsu,

fude

saku

to,

kota(eru)

to, tsutsu

jun

kai,

so, utta(eru)

hyo

minamoto

katamari

en, shio

13 strokes

sho

so to,

waza

nu(ru)

han

sa

gyo, go,

shin, mi(ru)

do, hatara(ku)

kei, tazusa(eru)

sho,

kei,

setsu, to(ru)

mikolonori

katamu(ku)

saku, shibo(ru)

ketsu

son, soko(nau)

ei,

yo(mu)

shi

so

tan,

cho

sho, ita(mu),

shi

nage(ku)

kizu

gun, mu(reru),

ki,tatto(i),

sai

mura

latto(bu),

sai,

t(-)t()(i).

zui

hi,

tsui(yasu)

moyo(su)

ho, yuta(ka) ka, totsu(gu).

26

yome ken. gen,

?

g

shi

kai, ge, to(ku)

gp

kitsu,

m

wa, hana(su),

kira(u), iya

sO su

en, saru

kazo(eru), kazu

bi

tsu(maru)

hanashi

gai

yume,

mu

1

ko

shin,

m

hoko(ru)

ai

tsutsushi(mu)

chiku,

gu, oro(ka)

takuwa(eru)

shu, ure(eru)

kuwa(shii)

mu(su) bo, haka

so, so

shi,

kan, kan(jiru)

kokoro(miru)

jo,

baku,

maku

gai

sho,

tame(su),

sen, tataka(u),

wai,

ka, kutsu

ikusa

shin, ne(ru)

sai, sei

makana(u) zoku

kan

go

chin

i

shi

sho

shin,

kaku

ko tsuzumi

atara(shii),

sai,

ren

ara(ta), nii

sen

den, ten, tono,

ji,

dono

sui

to(bu)

toku

ro

kin

seki, ato

raku, gaku,

chi

tano(shiij

ra,

raku shu

yo, koshi

katsu

fuku, hara

sho

tetsu

cho

zai tsumi

rei,

yo,

en,

homa(re)

sono

ro

ka,

'

sei

hima

ya(meru)

hadaka

chi,

o(ku)

no(seru)

cho, ha(neru),

ji

hachi, hatsu

en,

rin suzu namari

ko

an, kura(i)

mei

dan, atata(kai)

chi

ho, a(kiru)

kan, miki

ken, kinu

shoku,

han, bon.

zoku,

kaza(ru)

wazura(washii)

tsuzu(ku)

shi,

en, kemu(ru).

kei, tsu(gu)

ga

kemuri

shoku,

rai,

sho, te(ru)

sawa(ru),

den

tu(reru)

rei

ken, kon

fuku

llU

zen

ka

M

ka(u)

kaminari

setsu, sechi,

han

fushi

yo, azu(keru)

sei,

makoto

gan

27

14 strokes

sho

ko, tsuna

hatsu,

kami

mo, ami

boku

bo, shita(u)

sei,

ryo

bo, ku(reru)

sei

z6

ka

san

go

satsu

kan, kuda

nei

ka

gi,

utaga(u)

koyomi

reki,

fu,

sho

go, ayama(ru)

kusa(ru)

reki

so

m

yu, saso(u)

so, a(u)

gai

gp

go, kata(ru)

teki

ko,

kama(u) mo, bo yo, sama

gjc

sha, saegi(ru)

kiwa sho, sawa(ru) in, kaku(su) sai,

shi

doku, toku,

to,

yo(mu)

maku

min,

sei, jo,

mito(meru)

ken, tsuka(u)

shizu(maru),

setsu, zei,

en, on, to(i)

shizu(ka)

i chiga(i)

ki,

ryo

ka, uta(u)

zen

z6,

hyo, tadayo(u)

man

shitsu, urushi

kan, na(reru)

ko

man

tai

sen, zeni

tsu(karu)

hi

gin

en

ji

mei

teki.

tan, hashi, ha,

sen

shitata(ru).

hata

j

shizuku

shu, tane

do

to(ku)

hata

sei,

chika(u)

yo, odo(ru)

koku

niku(mu)

san, su(i)

to, ine, ina

shi,

kyo, kei, sakai

koku

zatsu,

z6, ma(su).

fuku

mesu, me z6 datsu, uba(u)

fu(eru).

kon, tamashii

ju

fu(yasu)

bi,

juku boku, sumi

batsu, bachi

ki(ku)

i

batsu

ren, ne(ru)

kaku

ro,

mo(ru)

teki,

tsu(mu)

bun, mon,

hana

mci. na(ru)

sho, cho, o

chaku

men,wata

goku

ryoku, roku.

da

cho loku

midori

eki

so

ku, ka(keru)

kan, seki

^-

ryo, rei

28

15 strokes

kiwa(maru)

ma(u) mai

sen

kama

yo,

kan, yuru(i)

do, michibi(ku)

en, fuchi

gi

sho

tei,

oku

geki, u(tsu)

hen, a(mu)

geki

ma

kin

ho, ho(meru)

kei

shu,

fu

yu, ure(eru),

omonbaka(ru)

ri,

yo, yashina(u)

so

han hako ka sho

sen

hyo 6, yoko ken, gon

etsu

bo, baku,

u(keru)

cho, shio

aba(ku)

daku

sen, mogu(ru),

zan,

ron

hiso(mu)

shibara(ku)

cho,

kata

juku, u(reru)

shira(beru),

ketsu,

kun

totono(u),

isagiyo(i)

netsu, atsu(i)

totono(eru)

cho, su(mu)

moku,

tan

jun, uruo(u)

dama(ru)

bai

tsui

shi(ku), fu

shi,

fun

teki,

ho boku

hei

fu

bu,

u(i)

sen, era(bu) i,

yui

jun

ha(ku)

shi(maru)

omomuki

dan sei, shin,

ko(u)

tamawa(ru)

kataki

kan

san

tetsu

i,

shitsu, shichi,

satsu, to(ru)

nagusa(meru)

fun, fu(ku)

gi,

shoku

tawamu(reru) kaku,

ki,

utsuwa

chi

ge

hei

tashi(ka)

sho, tsu(ku)

sui,

rin,

wa

hai ki,

kagaya(ku) fu(mu)

ho

to,

chu, i(ru)

tetsu

ka, kase(gu)

ei kage z6, kura

ko

ei,

mi

ga

surudo(i)

tama

hi

rei, ryo,

shin, furu(eru)

.

kan ban

ws^

jo,

nawa

S

etsu

chu

29

16 strokes

17 strokes

natsuka(shimu), natsu(ku),

ju

futokoro

gyo, ko(ru)

rin,

kyo, ko,

tonari

oko(ru)

hi,

geki, hage(shii)

kan, kae(ru)

taku

no, ko(i)

kei, iko(u)

gi

daku, nigo(ru) kai, kowa(su)

shin,

satsu, su(ru)

kyo, ta(meru)

dan, tan

oya on, oda(yaka) seki, tsu(mu)

kon

fun, furu(u)

kibi(shii),

ju, tate

ogoso(ka)

jo

hcKi,

kabe

yu, yasa(shii),

sugu(reru)

tona(ru),

sho, tsuguna(u)

yoku, tsubasa

sa(keru)

kaku

shita(shii),

gen, gon,

so, ayatsu(ru),

baku, shiba(ru)

to

misao

i

so

ho, nu(u)

kan

han

gi

jo

to

kon, nengo(ro)

kaku, e(ru)

sho

ko

yu toku

ei

chiku. kizu(ku)

shaku

kan

shin, takigi

shi,

haku

bo,

usu(i)

ran

haka(ru)

ryo

mu,

sen

yaku, kusuri

haka(ru)

seki

kun, kao(ru)

yo, uta(u), utai

shuku,

sen,

yu, sato(su)

chiji(mu)

susu(meru) ken ma, miga(ku)

ken, kashiko(i)

rei

yu

cho, ki(ku)

sui

sha,

ren

ko

ju

saku

kin,

kyo, hashi

jo

tsutsushi(mu)

bo, fuku(ramu)

roku ko, hagane kan

ken ko

ki,

hata

don, kumo(ru) nen, mo(eru) ju,

kemono

sei,

lotono(eru)

rei rai,

tano(mu),

fun, ikido(ru)

tayo(ru)

oku

to,

kai.

atama, kashira

zu to,

^

ayama(ru)

katsu shu. miniku(i) tan, kita(eru) so,

shimo

hin sen, aza(yaka)

30

18 Strokes

so,

ran

19 strokes

ma

se

yaku, odo(ru)

21 Strokes

sawa(gu)

han

kan

ken,

mayu

yo

so,

fuku, o(u),

rei,

mo

ro, ro,

tsuyu

ko kaeri(miru)

uruwa(shii)

kutsugae(su)

zo

cho, ko(riru)

ha

so, ishizue

baku

shun,

ji

shu, oso(u)

matata(ku)

ra

kyo, odoro(ku)

nozo(mu)

rin,

22 strokes

ku(ru)

23 strokes

bo

kan kaku

fu

kin, eri

shiki

heki, kuse

kei

yu

in

zen, tsukuro(u)

kyo, kagami

shoku,

ri hana(reru)

shiki,

o(ru)

mu kiri

ryo, ro, kate

zui

hon,

gan, nega(u)

hirugae(ru)

gei, kujira

shoku kan

kei, niwatori

zo, so, oku(ru)

20 strokes

sa,

kusari

m

chin,

ken, ke,

shizu(meru)

ka(karu)

nan,

ran

muzuka(shii),

to

kata(i)

kyo, kei,

to,

kiso(u), se(ru)

tataka(u)

rui

seki

gan, kao

jo,

ken

go

gaku,

hitai

dai

yuzu(ru)

gi

H

jo,

kamo(su)

ki

sho, kane

ken, gen

kyo, hibi(ku)

kan

s

Hiragana and Katakana Table In addition to the kanji, or Chinese characters, Japanese uses two sets of characters known as hiragana and katakana. Unlike kanji, each hiragana or katakana character has a single reading and represents a sound rather than a meaning. Loan words are usually written in katakana.

niragana

katakana

romaji

hiragana

katakana

romaji

^u he ho

aiueo

m m ka ki kU

n n n

ke k

a

^a

u o

yyy

^h

^u ^e ^ ^a dh

^ .n

R ^ K

a.ueo

^

^

ue K

^-^

^

wwwwo

^

na n i

nu

n

ne no ha h

i

a

/.1

-all

-

ra

.2

.. a

{ -£

^^^^

i

U e

ggggg

za I

u e zzz

o

^

mmm

d.l

-1

e

o

^a H

a

b

U

1

u be bD a i

^

^.p

u ppppp

e

bya

o

^

ky

I .^u

sha

sh U

^

J

she sh

y

U

y

b a py u py pyo

A (^——

aa oh God!;

abaku

ah!; aha!; oh!

disclose; expose;

show

agaru go

S

agaru

up

abaremawaru rampage

abiru take shower

it^f

abiseru throw water; shower {with questions)

abu

^ ageru ageru

violent; act

violently

i

fly

(of flag)

agatte kuru come up

abaraya hovel abareru become

up, increase, rise;

be up

horsefly

abunai dangerous abura grease; fat abura o sasu abura oil;

give; let out groan, yell

increase, raise; hold

up hand; turn up volume ageru deep-fry, fry; hoist agesoba bull market ago chin; jaw agura o kaku sit crosslegged ahiru duck ai love

aichaku love

oil

aburae oil painting aburakkoi fatty; greasy aburami fat aburappoi greasy; oily achi arch achikochi here and there: achikochi ryoko sum travel around achira over there adaputa adapter

adarutochirudoren screwed-up adult (hroiti^hi up in a dysfunctional family): weirdo ij^-

adobaisu advice adoresucho address

aida through, during interval aidea idea aidoru idol aiirenai incompatible aijin lover; mistress

aijd affection; love;

no fukai

aijo

loving

aikagi duplicate key

aikawarazu

the

same

as

ever

'

aikido aikido aiko da be quits with

1^

[

aikoku-sha patriot aikoku-shin patriotism aikokuteki (na)

li|

patriotic

book

aikon icon

aegu gasp: pant aen zinc Afuganisutan

aikurushii adorable

IQ ai-kyu IQ

aima

Afuganisutan (no) Afghan afureru overflow Afurika Africa Afurika (no) African afut sabisu after sales service

agaru

interlude

() aimai

Afghanistan

get nervous

(na) ambiguous;

vague iniku unfortunately

Ainu Hokkaido

ethnic

gn)"p based

in

airaina eyeliner airon iron;

airon o kakeru iron ti airon-dai ironing board

airon-gake

34

airon-gake ironing Airurando Ireland Airurando (no) Irish

obvious akari light akarui bright; rosy future

etc;

aisatsu greeting aisatsu sum greet; salute

&>j

implement

tin

to hell with him;

what's the matter (with you)?, what's wrong?

{

t

ksire

doesn't

j

tool, device,

, g doi agreement, consent doigo synonym , & d6i sum concur,

are you going to

dd de mo yoi it make any dittcrence; ...(i ) ••. wa do desu ka how about ...?; do shita no ')

be

agree,

…/

i: do degree: .. ni do ga sugiru go overboard for dd how: what; cfd desu ka how is it?; d6

[

sum

disconcerted; feel embarrassed

dohai peer, equal

:

-

to shita dignified;

majestic; regal

disuku-doraibu

,

heat (no) native

dochira which dochira demo either; whichever () dochira ka no either dochira mo both () dochira (no) which docho sum sympathize dodai foundations

disk drive

'

dobutsu animal dobutsuen zoo dobutsugaku zoology () dobutsugaku (no)

same

time,

together: simultaneously

dojo compassion: sympathy dojo sum commiserate, sympathize d6j6teki (na) |y1 sympathetic d6 ka please: rf dKlll

7

fuse blew

stomach

i

-i

ichigo strawberry ichigo measure oj 0.38 pints ichigun a cluster

4iil daiyon'i

rank: position;

fourth -i doctor:

gekai surgeon ibaru brag: be arrogant

3

I

o kaku snore

ibiki

ibo-kyddai stepbrother ibo-shimai stepsister ibuningu-doresu evening dress ibusu smoke bacon ibutsu relic

(

ichiba market; marketplace ichiban the best, the top ichiban ni first ichiban (no) foremost ichiban suki (na)

()

()

favorite

ichiban sukunai least ichiban toku (no) furthest

(

tat ami

ichimai a copy {of record, CD): an exposure: kami ichimai a piece of paper

- ichimen

front page:

ichimen no nyusu front page news ichimen no a blanket of ichimi gang () ichimon-nashi (no) broke, penniless

()

ichiban ue (no) . topmost ichibetsu glance ichibu part: fraction: segment;

jchinenkan (no)

-

annual, yearly ichinichi one day

m -ij;

ichinin-mae a portion ichid for the time being;

roughly

patch

'

ft:

ichibubun

wa

part,

ichibu-shijQ

all

the

(

whole story ichidan batch: convoy; corps; group ichido once ichido ni all at once ichigatsu January

ichiransei-sdseiji

identical twins

partly

ichiren (no) stream

string of:

of;

sequence

ichiritsu ni across the board:

details; the

—

ichijiteki (na)

ichljd area measure of a

ichiban toshiue (no)

eldest

ri

sum

mat

ichi position

1

marked:

momentary

a

chance

i

blast: gust

conspicuous: remarkable ichijirushiku eminently ichijiteishi-hydshiki stop sign ichiji-teishi

ichi

ka bachi ka yatte miru take

-/

no kaze

(no) temporary

pause

ichi one:

—

ichijin ichiji

ichijirushii

ibo wart

I

member

ichijiku fig

— ()

ibasho whereabouts ibiki snoring;

ichiin

(

evenly

ichiryu (no)

first-class,

first-rate: classic, definitive I'

L

situated

ichi shite iru he

ichiwa ——

102

ichiwa one episode, one

Igirisu-pondo pound

installment

sterling

ichizoku clan ichS gingko idai (na) great

iden inheritance idensei (no) hereditary idenshi gene idenshi-gaku genetics

igokochi no

()

idenshi-gakusha geneticist

idenshi-kogaku genetic engineering

()

idenshi (no) genetic ideology ideology

move;

( ii

good

iho (no) illegal ihd-kdi misconduct ii desu good; idea!;

house iede

transfer;

ii

iiarawasenai

sum

run away from

iiarawasu describe: express

iegara pedigree; lineage

aru have one's say

one of the Japanese arts ierdp ji yellow pages lesu Jesus lesu Kirisuto Jesus

iie

(

enough, calm down!: I !^ iikagen ni shite yo do

igai except;

me

a

favor!

iikata phrase

iikoburikko goody-

goody

1"

iimawashi expression: wording iin committee member

"

iincho chairperson iinkai board; committee:

objection

commission

igi significance

challenge; raise an objection Igirisu Britain Igirisu-jin British: Briton

(

perfunctory; slack; I 'v iikagen ni shinasai that'

g ifuku garment

no am meaningful igi o tonaeru

no p504)

iikaeru paraphrase iikaesu retort iikagen (na)

iesuman yesman

igi

no; yes (see

iiharu insist

Christ

hachigatsu igai nara except (for) August igai surprising: unexpected igaku medicine igaku-hakushi MD, Doctor of Medicine () igaku (no) medical igata cast, mold

"bun ga

iibun:

iemoto principal of a school of

* "!''

ne desu yo

…

i

indescribable; inexpressible

home

igi

"

you're on; no problem; ... f o ii naka ni nam have a good time with (sexually)

relocate; migrate ie

friendly;

igokochi no warui uncomfortable igyo exploits; great undertaking mix than breach, violation ihan (no) illegal ihan sum violate, contravene

transfer

sum

ii

comfortable;

ido latitude ido well ido migration; transfer id6 saseru move; id6

now on

igo after; since; from igo the game of Go igokochi:

,

iinogare

f

sum

stonewall iitsutae tradition iiwake excuse r4 iiyd no nai

{

t

103

ikioi

make

ikari

advances iji maintenance nature; pride: warui mean: nasty iji-kanri ijiliuru

ikaridasu erupt ikarikuruu rage

iji

ikasama

upkeep

meddle: toy with

ijimekko bully

(

…

desUj

iu

wicked

freak not less than; plus;

ijo

. (…/

ijo I

ii

sore

don't want

wa to,

ike

iya

nan

more? (na) abnormal: freak

ij6 ni extraordinarily;

remarkably emigration: immigration iju-sha emigrant; immigrant ijo sum emigrate: immigrate; migrate ika squid ika below: not more than the iju

ikemasen not permitted: forbidden: bad must; must not iken opinion, (point of) view; observation: judgment: verdict; iken ga awanai with ikenie sacrifice ikeru arrange flowers

differ; disagree; disagree

… /

iki breath: iki ga kireru be out of breath; ,g iki ga tsumaru choke; iki o kirashita breathless; iki o korasu hold one's iki o nomu gasp: breath; iki o suru breathe; iki o suu breathe iki

iki

continued

-' …

ika

ika ni below no koto the following

ikada raft ikaga how: how about:

!^

Ifu/cif/

ikaga desu ka would you

iva like

some cookies? I

ikagawashii disreputable: indecent: shady;

I

unsavory; juicy news ika ni how J ika ni mo really; indeed: very ikarete iru be mentally unbalanced

…

:

...

iki

de aru

be bound for abandonment: desertion ikidomari cul-de-sac;

be going

ika-jigo to be

following;

the

pond ikebana flower

period!;

/6 (de) above:

() ijo

make

arrangement ikegaki hedge ikeiren stomach cramps

kore ijo hitsuyo ga arimasu ka need I

say

alive:

best use of

ijimeru bully: pick on; tease fumble: interfere with; tinker with: twiddle iji sum hold, maintain; preserve ijiwaru (na) bitchy;

ij5

/Tcasama o

suru cheat ikasu keep

ijiru

spiteful:

cheat; deception;

con;

ijime bullying I

o orosu anchor

ikari anger; displeasure

iji

no

am

no

ikari anchor;

indescribable iiyoru proposition;

to:

dead end ikiddri indignation; outrage ikigire

suru pant

ikigurushii stifling, suffocating ikiiki shita lively ikikaeru be resurrected; be ,k

-,

revived

"

ikimono

being: creature (na) stylish ikinobiru survive ikinokoru survive ikioi momentum; power: iki

t

energy

)

ikioi

no aru vigorous

104

ikiru ikiru live

be alive living ikiutsushi de aru be the (spitting) image ikiutsushi (no) lifelike ikizumari blind alley; deadlock ikkagetsu (no) monthly ikkai once; one episode; first inning; one round ikite iru

(

()

ikkai

first

floor

ikkaibun one dose ikkansei consistency ikkan shita consistent ikkatsubarai lump sum ikkatsu-keiyaku package deal

ima kara from now on ima made de ever ima made ni ever; till now ima ni mo ...shiso de aru be on the verge of ima no tokoro at present, at the moment, currently:

...

tor the time being

imasu polite form of iru ima sugu straight away imeji image

E ——

Tmeru email

imi meaning; point, purpose; implication

(

imiarige (na) meaningful imin immigrant

ikken a look

imi

ikkin a loaf ikki ni in

ikk6

one go;

imo sweet potato

e

iku come; go;

medical office in rhyme; fumu rhyme with

…

onward T-kom su e-commerce ...

visit;

cover

…

ikuji

no

nai spineless,

cowardly ikuninka a few people ikuninka (no) a few;

to in

...inai

is

de

/are not within

inaka countryside; country;

the sticks

inakamono

(

hick, hillbilly

inaka (no) rural < inanaku neigh

several

ikura

how much?

ikuraka some ikuraka (no) some,

() number

ft inari-jinja shrine for the celebration o f the harvest

inbo

a

()

how many; how old ikutsuka a few; several ikutsuka (no) a few;

)

some; several iky6to heathen ima now; right now ima living room, lounge imafu (no) fashionable imagoro about this lime; by

plot; conspiracy: intrigue

inchi inch inchiki (no) bogus

of

ikutsu

Indian,

indekkusu index Indian American Native American

Indo India () indoa (no) indoor Indoneshia Indonesia Indoneshia (no)

'

]! () •

Indonesian

-

now imaimashii damn, cursed

o

locust

inai there

distance

...

inabikari lightning

inago

ikotsu ashes t?

sister

imushitsu dispensary;

()

iko from

imoto (younger)

less

quality ...

mean, imply:

imiteshon imitation

at a stretch

ni:

ikko ni heiki da I couldn't care ikkyoku piece of music ikkyQ (no) choice, top

…

sum

signify

fill

Indo (no) Indian Indoshina Indochina

ine rice plant

ippan (no)

105

insho impression insho seal, stamp

inemuri snooze inemuri sum snooze;

(

have a snooze; nod off infure inflation; infure o hikiokosu

inshoteki (na)

memorable

impressive;

inshu drinking inshurin insulin

inflationary

• inshu-unten drunk driving

infure (no) inflationary

infuruenza

insupireshon inspiration

influenza

ingo slang

insutanto-kohl

Ingurando England

instant coffee

Ingurando-jin

insutanto-

English person; the English Ingurando (no) English inin delegation; proxy ininken power of attorney inisharu initial inishiachibu initiative inkan signature seal inken (na) insidious;

shokuhin convenience food

sneaky

interview

insutorakuta instructor

/

insut6ru installation insutdru sum

—— install

intabyu interview intabyua interviewer intabyO sum

()

intachenji

inki (na) dingy; dreary;

dismal, sad

ink6su inside lane SP

intahon intercom

inku ink inm6 pubic hair inochi life :) inochi ni kakawaru inochitori killer inokoru stay behind;

intanetto Internet interi intellectual,

mteria-

k

inu dog zj

)i;: inugoya kennel in'yo quotation, quote in'yofu quotation marks

inori praying, prayer

inoru pray inoshishi wild boar inpo impotence inpo (no) impotent inputto input inryoku gravity inrydsui drinking water inryoyo (no) drinkable insaidaj|

/ ))

'

torihiki insider tradiim

insatsubutsu printed

ni

interior decorator;

interior designer

work

overtime fif

inyo

r:

/

1

/i

sum

{ijitM

id sulfur

…

ippai a drink of ... a cup of tea ippai ni nam till up ippai (no) full, full up ippaku night ippaku (no) overnight -|^3 ippanka generalization

...

;

ocha ippai

'

(

ippanka insatsu-gyosha printer

insatsuki priming press insatsu sum print: run off inseki meteorite

quote

inzei royalty

matter f'-nWI^

egghead

interia decor; decoration

dezaina

lire-threateninu

f/r

exit;

interchange

sum

generali/c :

ippan

ni in general

')^^( ippan popular

(no)

civilian:

ippanteki (na)

(

106

ippanteki (na) general;

prevailing

ippanteki

3^ ...

iro color;

de,

…

strand

()

(na) varied; various iroke sex appeal iru be; be present; live; have;

ga

(

iru there

';

is

/are;

kanojo

kogomo ga

wa

futari iru she has

two

children iru need; require

ippdteki (na) one-sided;

iru roast; toast

i#o

unilateral

hue

() iroiro

mo

ippo dewa da on the one hand on the other hand ippon length {of cloth, wood); ...

in;

iroai shade; tint

...

dewa

cove; inlet; estuary iriguchi entrance, way

gateway

ippin course: dish ippin gem; superb specimen ippo pace; step

ippo

irezumi tattoo irie

ni generally

ippen piece: fragment: flake ippikidkami loner

—

;

ippd-tsukd one-way

iru cast metal; iru shoot, fire

street

irui

iradachi annoyance,

mint coins arrow

clothing

iruka dolphin

irritation

irai

irumineshon de kazaru

iradataseru vex commission; request

illuminate

irai since;

anata ga satte ira

irai since

left

iryo medical treatment, medical care

nin client

irydhin clothing iryo-kago malpractice

saseru annoy,

iraira irritate,

you

iryoku power iryo (no) medical

bug iraira shite

impatiently iraira

nerve-racking irai

sum

get

sum

frustrating;

worked up

commission;

request Iraku Iraq Iraku (no) Iraqi

)

irakusa nettle Iran Iran

() Iran

(no) Iranian

isakai fight; quarrel isan heritage; inheritance: legacy |4 isei opposite sex isei-aisha heterosexual

'

iseki ruins

isha doctor rock ishi will, willpower; ishi ga yowai weak-willed

^

hi stone;

irasshaimase

welcome

doctor ishiki awareness; consciousness; ishi

irassharu (polite) be;

come: go irasuto illustration irasutoreta

ishiki lose

illustrator

Atlii" ireba dentures, false teeth

iremono

container; holder;

tub ireru

make, brew; turn on engage clutch,

faucet, heater: pour;

gear: include; insert

/

ishi intention; wish:

/

mind

o ushinau I torimodosu

(

regain consciousness ishik fumei (no)

unconscious ,S

ishik

,ga

ishiki

i

(no) prior

Jizd guardian deity of children

true

{ jitsu wa

liberate

()

jisuberi landslide

sum

sum

liberal

practically: essentially; virtually

ai

jiyQ ni

Jiyu no Megamizo Statue of Liberty jiyu-shugi (no)

into effect

j

open

screened 1:

shita clammy:

:

"

enact;

joei

show

suru perform

plav:

niovic

j6en suru put on. perform

113

josei joki vapor; steam

jogai omission jogai sum eliminate;

"^"

) jokigen

jogingu

j6kin de full-time jokin (no) full-time 5 joki (no) above-

( (

jog; jogging,

running

jogingu-shuzu

mentioned jokkT jockey

jogger

jogingu

sum

joko

go for a

article (section); clause (/n

agreement): provision

run

j6hatsu saseru

jokdeki nail polish remover jokyaku passenger; occupant

vaporize

jShatsu sum evaporate joheki rampart; castle wall jShin (na) distinguished;

(of vehicle)

jokyo removal, elimination jokyo conditions,

()

circumstances; matter jokyo scene

dignified; stylish

joho concession; information;

jokyoju associate professor

intelligence (news)

jokyoku overture

johb information

johobu intelligence johogen source of

service

() jokyu

i:

jdmu managing

joho-kagaku information

jdmyaku j6h6-k6gaku information

intravenous

jdmyakuryu

joho-shori data

j6ho sum back down; concede joho-teikyo-sha informant

sum

de-ice: defrost

woman

doctor Join Senate; Upper House l;>t u join-giin senator j6i (no) senior ):

(

jointo-bencha

intense; passionate

jod queen jod-bachi queen bee joren regular (customer) jdriku sum go ashore hl;^^"^— joro watering can joryokuju evergreen

joryoku sum assist joryu-kaikyu upper

-

joint venture

cl

(

y cf^c

j6ji (love) affair

upper

jojo (no) gradual

jojo-shakuryo mitigating

circumstances

-

-

jdryO ni upstream j6ry0 (no) upper-class \vdt\[:^ joryu-shakai high 1.

assistant director

joka sum purity jdken condition, term,

society ''*^V//?rt

jokentsuki (no)

"

f

jokenzuke conditioning

tli

n

distilled spirits

josainasa diplomacy

11

,)'

li

conditional: provisional

joryushu

josainai tactful: shrewd

ku

requirement; proviso

f

jSryO-kaikyij (no)

class

.

joka joker

jokantoku

varicose vein

jonetsu passion jonetsuteki (na)

processing

J

vein

jdmyakunai (no)

technology, IT

johy6

director

jdmuin crew; crew member

T

science

joi

(no) advanced

jomae-ya locksmith

information

tf '1^

(no) good-

humored

exclude: omit; drop jogen advice: hint, pointer

josanpu midwife josei woman; ' male lU

jdsei situation; state of afiairs

josei-jitsugydka

114

josei-jitsugydka

joyu actress

businesswoman

' '

jozai tablet

joseikei feminine gram joseikin subsidy josei (no) female jose rashii feminine

K'te

jozo-gyosha brewer jozojo brewery

() te

joseiyd toire

ft

j

ladies,

room j6sen shite

iru

be

sum

brew

nenju

-ju throughout;

jdsen

sum

embark, go

throughout the year, all year round juatsu heavy pressure

aboard josetsuki snowplow jSsha shite iru be aboard jdsha sum go aboard

jubun enough

() jObun

(na) adequate; enough; ample; plentiful jCibun ni enough;

joshi boss; superior joshiki (common) sense jdshiki no sensible; well-balanced jdshikiteki ni reasonably joshi girl; woman joshi-dai women's college joshi-seito schoolgirl

sufficiently; fully

am

judai adolescence (na) important;

() jQdai

drastic; grave; serious

K K

() jOdai juden

jotai circumstances; condition, state

(no) adolescent

sum

charge;

recharge

josho rise j6sh6 saseru boost josho sum climb; look up, improve joshu assistant joshuseki passenger seat joshuteki (na) habitual joso run-up SP joso appeal j6so sum appeal josdzai weedkiller jotai discharge mil

|Cid6 judo

jueki sap

jOgatsu October jugeki gunfire jugyd class, lesson jugydin employee jui veterinary

H

surgeon, vet

November

-h juichigatsu jujika cross

rel

jujitsu-kan fulfillment jOjitsu shita fulfilling jCijun (na) docile; submissive

(

juke sha convict; inmate juken taking an exam juken-sha candidate; entrant ( for exam) jukko consideration, ij

jotatsu improvement j6tatsu saseru improve jStatsu sum improve; progress j6to dekiru transferable joto (no) excellent; very

()

-

reflection, thought

jukkd suru

deliberate;

ponder; pore over

good on

joya no kane temple Years Eve

New

joyaku

Joyo characters in

joyoku

kanji Chinese

common

'Snfif

jukon bigamy r ' juko-tetsuzuki course i!

registration; lecture enrollment

treaty

juku crammer

juku-bokkusu

use

passion; lust

at

ju ten

aboard

bells

6

jozu de am be good () jozu (na) good, skillful ju gun

jukebox

juyaku

115

jukudoku

sum

pore over

()

jukuren proficiency jukuren-ko skilled worker jukuren (no) skilled jukuren shita

junkyosha martyr junno sum conform L junrei pilgrimage

accomplished; expert; experienced;

junre sha pilgrim

juku sum ripen jukutatsu mastery Jukyo Confucianism jumin inhabitant: people jumin-tohyo referendum

junsa patrolman junsa - buchd police sergeant

(

junsui-sa purity ju-oku billion jQry6age weightlifting jOryoku gravity jury6-sho receipt

(na) flexible: supple;

pliable

junan-shiagezai conditioner

junban

ni in

sequence

…

junbi organization; preparation(s) ... no '; junbi de in preparation for; junbi ga dekita ready; ... no junbi o sum get ... ready

…

junbichu de

in the

^

pipeline

junbikin reserves fin junbi sum arrange; prepare; set up; lay on; get oneself ready: set the table

() juncho

(na) smooth.

jury6-tsQchi

acknowledgment of receipt jusei sound of gunfire jusei sum be fertilized jushi resin jushinki receiver tv, rad jusho address ffk

kessoku

unity; solidarity

kesu

134

kesu switch

off;

delete; extinguish;

kesu keta

put out; erase;

drown sound

holder; case; housing

beam; girder phone

figure; digit;

ketai

cell

/

mood; feeling; will; mind; ga omoi feel down; mind; ki ga kawatta have changed one's mind; ki o ushinau lose consciousness ki

f/-

M

ketchaku conclusion; ketchaku

ki

settlement;

o tsukeru settle ketsu V ass ketsuatsu blood pressure ketsubo lack ketsuekigata blood group ketsueki-ginko blood

…— '

unite

ketsuraku omission; lack ketsuretsu breakdown; rupture

comput, mus

(

principles; tight security

tasshinai inconclusive;

ketsuron o kudasu conclude ketsuryu bloodstream

Mm

kettei decision; ruling

ketteisen decider kettei-sha decision-maker kettei sum decide; shape ketteiteki (na)

conclusive; decisive; definitive;

l^ibishiku severely: strictly

kibishiku suru tighten kibish sa difficulty; severity

kibo scale, size kib6 hope; wish; kibo o motsu hope klbddo keyboard

kib6tek"kansoku wishful thinking

kibun frame of mind; f ikitai kibun desu

)

like

I

teel

kibun ga

*

ii

feel well

kibun ga

ketten drawback; flaw. shortcoming /,"?: ketten no nai faultless; immaculate ketto pedigree; blood line

kewashii rugged; steep

kezome

j

going

';

fatal error

dye; tint shave: sharpen

kezuru whiui ki tree

no

kibikibi shita brisk; energetic kibin (na) agile kibishii strict: severe: rigorous; grim; bitter weather: inhospitable climate: rigid

keteiifon ni

(

ki ni ... ki

distraction

ketsuro condensation ketsuron conclusion; decision;

future

ga

kiatsu air pressure kiatsukei barometer g kiba fang; tusk kiban base: foundation kibarashi amusement;

ketsugi resolution

ketsumakuen conjunctivitis ketsumatsu conclusion ketsu no ana V asshole

also ki

…

o

kT key

ketsuen-kankei (no)

sum

o

/

^^

ketsueki-kensa blood

ketsugo

ki

/•/'

test

ketsui determination ketsui n opening

...

have a

tsukete take care; r/ good-natured; ki o shizumenasai calm down; .•• ki ga nai don't want to ki

()

strong-willed;

sum

feeling that;

bank

related by birth

ga tsuyoi ki ga

sawayaka

ni

nam

feel refreshed

kibun ga

sugurenai poorly kibun ga warui unwell kibun-tenkan ni for a change kichi base mil

;

kichigai insane; lunatic kichigaijimita insane

135

kikaiko

kichin to properly:

s

unaware

conscientiously; tight shut

kichin to shita neat, kichin

tidy:

to shita

fukuso o

aware

of; notice; observe kigeki comedy kigeki (no) comic kigen humor; mood: temper; kigen ga yoi I warui be in a good /bad mood

oneself up

kicho captain (of aircraft) kicho-enzetsu keynote speech kichdhin valuables

kigen origin kigen deadline; time limit; kigen ga k/reru be up, have expired kigengire expiry kigengire de out of

kichdmen na

;

methodical: scrupulous kicho (na) precious, valuable kidate no yoi goodnatured

()

…

date

kig6 symbol kigu instrument; gadget; appliance; apparatus kigyd enterprise: companv kigyd-himitsu trade'

kids orbit: o kido ni noseru send into

orbit

kid6-butai task force kidoranai unassuming kidoru put on airs kido saseru boot up kids sum boot up: log on kidotta pretentious kiem disappear; go away: go

secret

(

kigyd- ka entrepreneur kigyo-ka (no)

entrepreneurial kigyd (no) corporate

()

kihan norm: model

out (of light): fade kifu contribution; donation kifu-sha contributor kifu sum contribute;

'

mind M n:, ki ga kuruu go mad: be out of one's mind one's

.

ki

ga kurutta

kigaru (na) cheerful; I

ki

kihon

basis: foundation kihonteki (na) basic: fundamental: underlying

—— —— /

ki

ga susumanai

ga tatsu get worked up ki ga tsuite iru be

conscious: be aware conscious of

of,

be

kl-horuda kev-ring

kiiro yellow;

kiiro

de

at

amber mot

)

kiiro (no) yellow pheasant

kiji

" m

nil t'

I

o

i

kiji article:

kiji

dough:

fabric, material

kijitsu deadline:

f

1

due kijun standard: benchmark:

kijitsu ;

item: story

, ^'/

ga

kite iru be

criterion

)

:

disinclined; reluctant

%j)

kihin elegance; grace; dignity

cra/y

lightheartcd

ga tsuku regain come to; become

ki

sum dress up sum tidy

donate kiga starvation ';;V) ki ga au compatible kigae change of clothes kigaeru change clothes f z kigakari de aru be on tenterhooks ki ga kawaru change ,;1

stepfather

mama-haha stepmother mama-musuko stepson

majiru be mixed

ii:

it

mama mom mama so-so

serious; straight: conservative

majo witch makaseru

is:

It IS

majikiri partition wall

majime

tuck up

mama like that; as sono mama ni shite leave

maitoshi yearly maitsuki monthly majan mah-jong

()

pillowcase,

pillowslip

maishu weekly maiso burial maisd sum bury

:

intermission;

interlude

in love; visit

go;

(

makkuro (na) jet-black makoto ni really: truly; makoto ni

(micro)chip

II

(na) pitch

mamorarete

iru

sheltered '

mamoru uphold; protect; defend, stand up tor: meet, keep to deadline mamushi pit viper

r

h man

ten thousand

':: manabu cam: I

I'l

study

manatsu niidsummer

manbiki

160

manbiki

double act

shoplifter;

manzoku

shoplifting

mancho high tide, high water mane imitation, impersonation ——

—— maneja manager manek neko

beckoning cat and

manzoku de content manzoku-kan gratification:

'/

feeling of satisfaction

manzoku

(small figure seen in shops

restaurants to invite customers in)

manzoku saseru

;^

gratify: indulge: satisfy

maneku invite: beckon: maneru copy, imitate

incur

manzoku

()

marason marathon mare (na) rare Mareshia Malaysia Mareshia-jin Malav Mareshia (no)

fanatic

au be

in time:

ma

be

suitable:

catch

ni

awase

(no)

makeshift

be

satisfied

mangetsu full moon mania fan: enthusiast: ni

full:

manzoku sum

mane sum copy: imitate manga comic: cartoon

ma

shita

satisfied

maneshi copycat

enough; be

(na)

adequate

satisfactory:

manekin-ningyd

dummy

mannequin,

contentment.

satisfaction

Malaysian marifana

joint:

marijuana, pot

ma

ni

awaseru make

marina marina marine marinade

do with

manikyua manicure:

(

ichinichi an entire day

{su ffix for

names o f ships )

(nail) varnish, (nail) polish

man'in

maru de maru

maru circle: kakomu encircle:

man'ichi no koto contingency

maruch media

full

manjo-itchi (no)

multimedia

marude

unanimous

manki maturity; manki ni nam mature

...

…

mannaka middle; •• no mannaka ni in

the

middle of

mannenhitsu

'/naoycfe

… de aru ka no yd ni as maruhadaka de

if

stark

naked marui round

——

(fountain)

pen

completely, entirely;

marukubi seta crew

——

neck

maruku nam curl maruku nam mellow maruku sum round off

ma no

PbI

torikata timing (no) full manpuku (no) full (up) mansei (no) chronic manshon apartment;

() manpai ()

apartment block: condominium

') Manshu Manchuria 'H




maruta log maruta-goya f

log cabin

mattaku onaji yo (na)

161

maryoku magic power masaguru grope; feel

more and more;

masumasu nagai jikan more

masaka

…

surely not!:

masumasu

come

…

masaka

masa

media

outdo: surpass;

masutabeshon o sum

predominate

masatsu

masturbate

friction

'

mashumaro

masutado mustard masuta-kl master key;

marshmallow massaji massage

skeleton key

masuto mast mata again; also;

massaji-shi masseur;

masseuse

ne

massakari height (of

mata

see you!

sum

matagashi

heyday

season)',

the

all

masumedia mass

nai never

ni exactly

masam

yoi

better

on! (in disbelief)

I

and

more time

around

sublet

I

m3SS3k3S3m3

(

head over

matanitT-wea

ni

headlong

heels,

massao

maternity dress

mata wa or matcha powdered green

(no) pale, pallid

massatsu elimination, murder massatsu sum eliminate,

I

matchibako matchbox

kill

(

()

mato

masshiro (na) pure

white

target: butt {of joke):

^

mashed potatoes

masshurQmu massugu straight massugu (na) straight massugu ni sum

matome

settle; conclude; form; collect: arrange matomo (na) decent:

massugu

(no)

straight

matomo

straight: erect

square

box

-masu f

t:

]

')

scat (

(

{in

hoard game):

for sumo)

polite verbal suffix):

watashi ga ikimasu

I'm going

masu

increase; build up;

mount: en ha nee iVt

masui :.

lastc

H~

masukomi-gyokai

..

journalism: mass media

-

masukotto mascot masuku mask

1-

/

masumasu

increasingly.

ni

suru

straighten out

matowari tsuku matsu pine I'fo matsu wait, hold on matsubazue crutch matsuge (eye) ash matsukasa pincconc

cling

I

matsuri

anesthetic

masuii anesthetist masukara mascara masukomi the media i^:

round-up

matomeru

()

straighten

masu

nai

matomaru be settled: be concluded; have coherence

—' ()

'

target

matomari no

disjointed, rambling

mushroom

trout:

sum

/nafo ni

masshupoteto

—

tea

matchi match

IcsiiNal

mattaku

altogether,

completely: ciccidcdiv; honestly!; -' J

mattaku

V

kamaimasen

ill'

mattaku (no)

t total:

not at

(

absolute.

downright

t

yd (na)

'

identical

mattaku onaji

matte

162

iru

matte

f

iru

expectant

watch for

matto mat: doormat () mattd (na) decent mattoresu mattress

maundo mound mauntenbaiku

/

mountain bike

mausu mouse comput mausupaddo mouse

mat

mazu daiichi ni in the first place: mazu saisho ni firstly of

first

all

mazui

tasteless:

mazushii poor; deprived: needy

mazushiku natta < impoverished me eye; 7^^15] me ga mawaru

me o

heady; dizzy;

mausupTsu mouthpiece

mausu-wosshu mouthwash mawari circumference; rotation: spread

kuramaseru blind, dazzle; me o kuramasu blinding; me o sorasu look away; me o ubau mesmerize

me

via

germ; sprout meatarashii novel; fresh

mawarimichi detour

meatarashi-sa novelty

()

b

indirect

mawari

mawaru

ni

around

mechakucha

mechakucha

turn; spin; rotate;

ni

absurdly;

mawashi

mechakucha

belt

ni

kowasu smash

mechamecha

mawasu

pass around; pass on mawatte iru be spinning

mayaku

ni

sum

drug: narcotic: dope;

maya/oy o yatte

medamayaki

mayaku-mitsubai drug trafficking

mayaku-mitsubai-nin (drug) dealer, pusher

mayaku-sdsakan

inconspicuous: unobtrusive medatsu conspicuous; imposing; predominant stand out, stick out

narcotics agent

mayaku-torihiki

medatsu

striking

medatta

noticeable

medore medley

(drug) dealing

mayonaka midnight mayonezu mayonnaise mayou stray, wander: lose one's michi ni mayotta

megabaito megabyte

megami

me

mazaru mingle m3Z63was6ru combine

first ot all:

"f

-

a

weakness for (eye)glasses optician

M megane-ya

S S

me

ga sameru wake

(up)

R

mazeru mix, blend in mazohisuto masochist mazohizumu masochism

goddess

ga nai have

megane

mayu eyebrow

mazu

fried egg

medarisuto medalist medaru medal medatanai discreet;

drug addict

way: it I'm lost

mangle medachitagariya

exhibitionist

on drugs

mayaku-joyo-sha

Mo

(na)

disorganized

swivel

iru be

unfortunate

choice of words

'

me ga samete awake megumarenai

underprivileged I

megumarete

blessed with

iru

be

men'eki no aru

163

megusuri (eye)drops mei niece mei inscription mei excellent; renowned; mei-pianisuto a renowned {countword for people): sari-me/ three people meian brainwave

pianist

meibo directory; list, roll meichQ sum hit; strike meifuku o inoru pay one's last respects (to)

meigara brand meigara-mei brand name () meihaku (na) clear, plain explicit: glaring;

o kakeru make

(

mekakushi

mekuru

dizzy, feel

memori

clarity

meisaku masterpiece

"

superstitious

face;

meiwaku inconvenience; meiwaku o kakeru t

trouble; bother; impose oneself on: {

hito ni

meiwaku

iti

men

l \

ushinau 1

lose

o

menboku o

ushinatte ffiif

o/oi

lose face

Si

disgrace bother, nuisance,

in

mendo

trouble

mendd-kusai annoying,

rfc-

( mendo

tiresome rfdf

meisho famous place til meiso meditation \tL'.'t o meiso sum meditate

i

rolling pin

menbo absorbent cotton swab Hmenboku reputation; face; no menboku o rti ...

meisei fame, renown; prestige meisek sa clarity meishi (business) card ""1 meisni noun meisnin supcrstiiion meishin-bukai fi;?'

,

menba member

menbo;

bright;

''

1

a

cotton

——

tsubusu embarrass, make

meiry6-sa

on

face

men

cheerful; hearty

-

scale; divisions

memo sum jot down men noodles men mask; face: aspect; men to mukatte face to

meirei command, order meireikei imperative ciram meirei sum command

meiro ma/e meiro (na)

note

notepad

memorT memory comput

renowned

(

memo;

scale

meimon dynasty; distinguished family

t

giddy

memocho

precision

(no) prestigious;

turn over, turn

memai giddiness; vertigo memai ga sum feel

precise

meikaku-sa

blindfold

Mekishiko Mexico Mekishiko-jin Mexican Mekishiko (no) Mexican mekuappu o sum make up

memo

meijin virtuoso meijiru give orders; order meikaku (na) definite: f

j

me/yo-

libel;

Meiji-jidai Meiji period

() meimon

(na) disruptive honor; privilege meiyo-kison defamation; credit:

kison ni ataru defamatory

pronounced

ishin Meiji

meiwaku

meiyo

accent

Meij Restoration

a nuisance of

oneself

troublesome;

mendo na

(na) laborious;

if'ii

koto ni naru

gel into

Irouhlc

mendori hen men'eki imimimiv men'eki no aru

immune

me ni

mienai

164

me

ni

met meter

mienai

metoru meter metoruho (no)

invisible

me ni mieru visible me ni miete visibly

metric

menjo exemption; immunity menjo sareru be

.../ rarely,

mezasu aim

patronizing

at

mezawari eyesore mezurashii

visiting

rare,

uncommon

hours

menkurawaseru

^1

mezurashiku unusuallv mi fruit; nut; ear mi body; person; meat; mi no ke no yodatsu hairraising; mZ o hiku stand down, withdraw; m/'o

fluster

menkyo license menkyosho license;

(

certificate

menmitsu

(na) detailed;

kagameru

scrupulous

() men (no) cotton () me no fujiyu

...

menseki area mensetsu interview mensetsu-sha interviewer mensetsu sum

mibun

status

mibun-shomeisho menshrte

identity card, (identity) papers

iru facing,

miburi gesture: miburi de hanasu gesticulate: -tf miburi de maneru

looking on to

mentenansu maintenance

menyu menu

mime miburui shudder michi road; way; means; path,

menzei-hin duty-free

menzei (no)

duty-free,

tax-free

trail

merT-gdraundo

michiannai

show

carousel, merry-go-round

merodT melody, tune

W

meron melon merubokkusu

rice;

pal

food; meal

michim come

in

michishio flood incoming tide j

incoming tide;

midara sensuality midareru be disordered; be

(polite) eat;

drink

messeji message

mesu scalpel mesu female

guide:

)

;^

(familiar)

meshiagaru

sum

way

drive

merutomo - mail pen meshi

the

michibiku guide: steer michi (no) unknown michinori distance: journey:

1i(

mailbox coMPin

.;

down

miai arranged marriage meeting mibojin widow

interview

()

get

mi... not yet;

mikaiketsu (no) unsolved miageru look up

(na)

blind; visually impaired

5

nai

alarm clock

excuse; exonerate menkai interview; meeting

menkai-jikan

•••

meue no hito superior mezamash dokei

menjo sareta exempt;

immune menjo sum exempt;

"

ni

meuebutta

exempt from

;fl

metta

seldom

chaotic: be corrupt |f

midareta disheveled: tousled

mimai

165

midashi header; headline midashinami personal

mijingiri ni

mijukuji premature baby mijuku (na) immature;

hygiene:

()

midashinami no yoi wellgroomed midasu disrupt; ruffle

unskilled

midiamu medium Midori no hi Green Day () midor iro (no) green mienaku sum blot < mieru show, show up;

(

mikaichi wilderness mikaiketsu (no) unsolved mikai no chi bush mikake look, appearance

(

out

look;

mikakeru

miesurta transparent

migaku

mikaku palate: taste (sense) mikan mandarin orange;

migawari scapegoat

migigawa hand

ni

on the

tangerine

right-

()

mikansei (no) Hfe incomplete, unfinished

side

() migigawa () mig

(no) right-hand handoru (no)

mikata ally; m/Tca o suru take sides; be behind; side

rieht-hand drive migikiki (no) right-

with

mikata slant; viewpoint mikazuki crescent moon

handed migi ni right: on the right migi (no) right, right-hand

()

()

mikettei (no) pending; undecided miki stem; trunk mikisa blender mikkoku-sha informer mikkoku suru turn in, inform on

migiude right-hand man

migomotte

(

iru

be

pregnant

migoto (na)

splendid,

wonderful

migoto

ni beautifully,

marvellously

migurushii unsightly;

(

disgraceful

f

>i

miharashi view mihari lookout; sentry; mihari o sum keep watch; mihatte iru keep an

eye on pattern: sample,

specimen mihon'ichi trade I

fair

^

probability: prospect

(

mikominashi no-hoper mikomi no aru

prospective

mikomi no

;A

(

allow

tor:

expect;

mikon (no) unmarried

mikoshi ceremonial palanquin

mikubiru underestimate, underrate

mijime (na) dismal; miserable

mikomu

anticipate

mijika (na) familiar;

closely related

nai

improbable

mijikai brief, short

mijikaku suru abbreviate: shorten; take up dress etc

•^j'

J,;

mikko-sha stowaway mikk6 suru stow away mikkusu shita mixed k) miko shrine maiden mikomi likelihood,

>

mihon

K

(

miharai (no) unpaid,

outstanding

'

see: catch sieht

of

clean; polish

migi right

tl

'

mikake-daoshi

(no) shoddv

see

}i

suru

shred

jnl

mikudasu look down on mimai visit (fo sick person)

… ,

miman de

…

166

miman de

under, less

wear; carry; acquire

mi

than

(^

mimawaru

mimi ear; /n/m/ ga kikoenai deaf; mimi is L ga toi hard of hearing; mimi ni kokochi yoi pleasantsounding; musical; ni suru overhear;

mimi o sobadateru ears; prick

up one's

+

sector

m'm/'

minkan-kigyd

() minkan ears;

piece of advice

(na) grating;

unmusical

mimodae suru

writhe,

squirm identity;

background

mimoto-hosho-nin referee (for job)

mimoto-kakunin identification

mina all minami south () minami kara (no) southerly

private industry:

{not military)

minshu-shugi democracy minshu-shugikokka democracy minshu-shugisha democrat () minshuteki (na) democratic minto mint

min'yo folk music

minzoku people minzoku (no) ethnic minzoku-shudan ethnic

()

minarai-kangofu

group

student nurse

minzoku-shugi

learn by

observation minari appearance; clothes minari no yoi welldressed mina-san everyone, folks;

nationalism

mioboe

mineral water

mingeihin ugly,

recollection:

recognition off;

miokuru see pass up; miss

off;

give a send-

miorosu overlook

and gentlemen

minasu consider minato harbor, port minatomachi seaport mine mountain, peak mineraru-wota

minikui

(no) independent; civil

minori aru fruitful minori no nai unproductive minoru bear fruit minoshirokin ransom minshuku Japanese B&B

minarai apprentice

ladies

private

minku mink minna everyone; ne, minna hey, you guys minogasu overlook 1^

minamoto source minaosu overhaul

minarau

iru

minkan-hoso

'

mimi o tateru prick up its ears mimiaka wax mimiyori no joho tip,

mimoto

tsukete

independent television minkan-jin civilian

strain the

() mimizawari

ni

have on

patrol

miotoshi oversight

;

miotosu

miss,

overlook

^^tritn') mi o yoseau huddle

(

together I'fl

mippei (no)

airtight:

sealed folkcraft

hideous

mi ni shimiru piercing minisukato miniskirt mi ni tsukeru put on:

IVj

^

mippei suru

seal

mirai future >k;l|-' miraikei future tense miriguramu milligram mirimeta millimeter

mittomonai

167

mim look

at;

misutenai

look; watch; see; view;

…

characterize as

-mim

like a

miryokuteki (na)

sum

satisfy

mrta tokoro apparently: on the face of it mitei undecided mTtobdru meatball mitomerarenai

attract:

enchant; fascinate

misairu missile misaki cape

mise

store, shop: place (bar,

unacceptable

restaurant)

misebirakasu parade, show ofr () miseinen (no) underage

miseinen-sha

juvenile,

"

misekake

act, pretense;

make-believe:

zenbu misekake dake de aru I

11

s all

i

"

|

mitomeru

I

done

for show misekake (no)

drugs

mitsudo density mitsugo triplets mitsukaru be found mitsukedasu discover:

miserareta spellbound miseru demonstrate; show; display: exhibit

mishin sewing machine mishiranu hito

i

^ -( stranger

track

down mitsukeru

mishitte

iru

know by

work out

mishiyd (no) unused miso soybean paste miso shiru miso soup missei shita dense; thick missetsu shite close

stare at: gaze

at

mitsumori quotation. quote; estimate: projection

mitsumoru

calculate:

estimate; cost

mitsurin-chitai jungle

together

misshu shita crowded: dense

mitsuryo suru poach

(

fish etc)

misshO

sum

cluster:

crowd; mass misu mistake: unmarried

woman

^'M) mitsuyu smuugling

mitsuyu-gyosha smuggler

mitsuyu suru smuggle misuborashii

seedy iij misui failed attempt

M

solution

mitsumeru

j

Ife

find: observe:

gaze; catch sight of; spot, notice:

sight

'.

accept; admit:

acknowledge: attach importance; award damages: discern: vindicate dshi outlook, prospects: mitoshi no kikanai blind comer mitsubachi bee mitsubai sum push

mock I

mitomerareru

acceptable: discernible

m

minor

I

dream:

kanemochi-mitai wealthylooking: baka-mitai idiotic mitasu fill; fulfill; meet;

attractive: appealing; fascinating

miry6

yume-mitai

-mitai:

try to

miruku milk miryoku attraction: appeal

(

by

out on; leave; jettison

try to:

settoku shite miru persuade

i

stick

misuten mystery misuteru abandon: walk

mini

to

scruffy:

mitto null

mittomonai disreputable: shaniclul

for

sum

miugoki

168

miugoki sum stir miushinau lose sight of miwake ga tsuku

miwake no tsukanai indistinguishable

palmtop; organizer; mochi rice cake

miwakeru identify, distinguish; make out, see

PDA

mochiagaru

fascinate;

mochiageru

(

miwakuteki (na)

lift,

gutter; gulf;

mochiaruku carry mochiba post (of soldier) mochidasu bring up run away with

subject;

mochihakobu

groove

mizo re mizu water;

carry

mochikotaeru endure;

sleet

mizu o mizu o

yarn water;

haneru splash; m/zi/ o tosanai watertight () mizube (no) waterside

hold out

mochimono

mochinige

make

mochinushi owner mochiron of course, certainly; surely

mochiyoru pool

lake

mourning

modaeru

7

squirm, writhe

mizutama dewdrop; polka

modemu modem

()

mddo mode

modem

dot

mizutama (no)

…mo… momo ...

...

nor

spotted

mo

also, as well;

…… ……

back; resume

modosu

both. ..and...;

...

mo nai neither

back

...

h

another;

moeagaru moeru burn z)

-

mo kare wa kimashita ka mada desu

is

he here yet?

-

not

little bit

m6 more;

blaze

iru alight

mofu blanket mofuku mourning

hataraite imasen he no longer mo ichido works here; a

flare

up fiery

be on

fire

wa mo koko de wa

again, once more;

moetatsu

moete

yet;

sukoshi

return, put back

modotte kuru come

...

mo mourning m6 already; still; more

kare

model

modoken seeing-eye dog modoru return: go back: come

mizutamari puddle mizuwari whiskey and water

ij

resources

mocho appendix mochoen appendicitis mochu de am be in

kiru strain

mizumizushii juicy mizuppoi runny, watery mizusashi carafe; pitcher

sum

off with

mizugi swimsuit

mizuke o

belongings,

things

mizubitashi (no) soggy

mizub d chicken pox mizubukure blister

mizumi

elevate;

raise

ravishing; seductive; tempting

miwatasu scan; survey miyage souvenir mizo ditch; drain (under street);

crop

arise,

up; be raised

charm

()

m6

that's the last straw!;

genkai da that's the limit! mobairu cell phone:

recognizable

miwaku sum

mo hitotsu another (one); m6 gaman dekinai

mogaku

:

(

(clothes)

struggle; wriggle

mogi (no) mock mogitoru wrench; break

off; pull off;

snatch

mono-omoi

169

momi no

mogu pick, pluck mohan model; example

(

mohanteki (na)

()

writing

moj ban

fidget

mojin the blind pay. be profitable

(

ni

gate

Monbusho

Ministry of Education. Science, Sports and Culture

monchaku trouble; dispute; monchaku o okosu cause trouble; make a fuss mondai matter, affair; problem; monc/aZ no in question: mondai o

umu

mokei miniature: model; mock-up mokei (no) model

mdke

M mon

dial

mojidori (no) literal mojimoji sum squirm:

mdkaru

pose a problem monda kaiketsu troubleshooting mongen curfew

nam

Mongoru Mongolia Mongoru (no)

profitable

m6keru institute, set up mokkan-gakki

Mongolian

wake-up call monita

(eye)witness

mokuhyd

()

mdningu-kdru

woodwind (instrument) mokugeki-sha

mokugeki sum

witness

monku

goal, target; kijitsu target

make

a fuss

() monmo

grain

mokuroku inventory, list mokusel (no) wooden

y

(

H

mokuteki aim. purpose.

(in

1

mokutekichi destination mokutekigo object ( ram

…

momen

at

,

j

up

of

have a dispute: be

odds

mom

ipanese maple momikeshi covcrup momikesu cover up. hush I

impression:

..

no

cotton

momeru

I

monogoi sum beg

monomane

…...

4< ',

narrative: story,

tale

I

(

J

illiterate

thing; stuff

used to

monogatari

i

mokuyobi Iliursday mokuzai wood mokuzo (no) made wood: wooden ...mo mata too; u ••• mo mata ...nai nor i

#

(no)

mono object, mono person -monoda

objective

1

nashi (no)

entirely satisfactory: undisputed

table of contents

mokume

j

iu complain:

monku

mokuji

X

phrase; complaint:

monfoi o

date

[

display: visual

display unit

landmark

mokuhyo-

(no) blind

momu massage: rub

mojamoja (no) bushy; shaggy, unkempt moji character {in writing);

M

ki fir

() momoku

ferocity: fury

letter; script,

fukeru

momo thigh momo peach

exemplary

moi

ni

monomane o sum

impersonate:

mimic

monomezLirashis6 ni curiously, inquisitively

^

mono-oboe ga

t£

ii

have a good mem()r\

mono-oboe ga

warui have a poor memory !!^ mono-oki siorcroom; shed

,''

'

fukeru muse

mono-omoi

ni

mono-omoi

g

ni

shizunda

170

/":f mono-omoi

mos/)/

ni

shizunda pensive

sonaete

in case

mono-oshimi

mono-oto o tateru

monosashi

perfectly,

rule,

gauge

make

moshikash ara maybe moshikomi application m hikom y6shi

mono-shizuka (na)

quiet

monosugoi

application form

terrific,

moshikomu

awesome

monowarai no

nam

ni

become

moshimoshi

a laughing

mdshitate (na)

decline in moral standards

morasu divulge morau receive -morau (causative): washed; f) ^ chotto tetsudatte ka can you help me?

mdsuHsay; moshimasu ga

— to

moraru-hazado

I

motareru

ni fiercely;

motaseru

make

give; stretch:

last

motatsuku fumble; dawdle

moten blind spot motenasu entertain

with a

moteru be popular mdteru motel

moto origin; moto ni modosu

cause;

/li

reinstate;

moto replace, put back; ni suru be based on moto ... exmotomeru seek; ask for

brittle: frail; fragile

mSroku senility moroku shita senile moro to shita hazy;

…

motomoto

dim

naturally:

originally

leak

/

morumotto guinea

pig

morutaru mortar moshi it; DOS/)/ I

if

need be;

^^

() moto (no) original, first

moruhine morphine

hitsuyo nara

recline on; lean

on

hump

moru

Mao Zedong bring; produce,

bring about; yield

moraemasu

impetuous

moroi

Takuto

motarasu

it

vengeance mori forest ; moriagari upsurge; climax;

telec

mota motor m6t b6to

Mo had

escape, leak escape, leak out moretsu (na) fierce;

mdretsu

…

this is

motorboat, speedboat

morem

()

telec

mosugu soon, directly Mosukuwa Moscow

more

intense;

hello

allegation;

…

moppara entirely moppu mop

aratte moratta

for;

statement; testimony

curious; inquisitive

——

apply

challenge

stock

monozuki

sum

overtures to

knowing

tane

nai

impeccably

mdshiire o

monoshiri gao (no)

()

no bai ni

mSshibun no nai impeccable; irreproachable mdshide approach, offer; proposal

a noise

monorogu monolog(ue) ruler;

...

.

moshibun

hodo

shinai lavish

make

.

...

)

z)

motozukaseru base motozuku rest on ... motsu hold out {of supplies);

keep (of food, milk):

last

mujun sum

171

motsu have; hold motsu re tangle

motsurem

vain;

get tangled

up

mottaibutta

pompous mottainai wasteful ff motte iku take away; bring along motte iru possess, have;

hang on

to;

karera no doryoku wa muda datta their efforts were in vain mudan de without permission muda ni sum undo; waste; spoil

mudazukai sum

(

waste

keep

motte kuru

bring; take

motto more; motto oki na bigger motto motto

mugen infinity mugen (no)

1

}

()

mottomo most; mottomo jozu (na) best () mottomo (na)

() mugon

reasonable

plausible

reorganize room: remodel moyo-Iri (no) patterned moy6shi meeting; event fli

mozaiku mosaic mozdhin imitation

mubdbi

penniless

muimi (na) meaningless, empty; pointless, senseless muishiki ni mechanically; unintentionallv muishiki (no)

mu

muchitsujo anarchy; chaos muchitsujo (no) chaotic muchiuchi hiding:

(( mujaki (na) innocent

'

() mujihi (na) merciless () mujin (no) uninhabited: unmanned muji (no) plain mujinzo (no) inexhaustible

muchiutsu flog: whip muchu de am be

hooked on: he engrossed

I"

inai

mujaki innocence

(na) reckless

muchi ignorance muchi whip muchi (na) ignorant

muda

e

incompetent

whipping

J?

(

(no) lawless

muhydjd (na) impassive muichimon (no)

(na)

'( I

()

(

defenseless, helpless

mucha

muho f

unconscious

mu... non-: un-

1':

(no) mute mugotarashii bloody;

7

cruel; tragic

moyasu burn moyd motif; design; pattern moySgae reorganization moySgae sum

fej

infinite

mugi barley; wheat mugiwara straw mugon de in silence

mottomorashii

… ^(

(no) lead-free,

() mugai (na) harmless () mugaku (na) uneducated

along

justifiable;

muen

unleaded

mujoken

in

unnecessary wildgoose chase

useless;

mudaashi mudabanashi o sum

f

mujun

contradiction;

discrepancy

mujun shita contradictory: inconsisicnt

''

prattle

muda de aru it's no use muda (na) feeble; futile;

(no)

unconuilional

'

…

mujun sum conflict: ...to mujun suru be

odds with

at

mukae

ni iku

172

mukae

ni iku collect,

mukae

ni

T

opposite

()

pick up

kuru come for M« mukaikaze headwind mukamuka saseru it

( (

invalidate; revoke; overule

irrelevant

mukanshin indifference mukanshin (na)


undd

i

campaien:

o

senkyo-

undo o sum campaign, canvass senmendai (wash)basin senmenjo bathroom senmenki washbowl; basin senmen yogu toiletries

senmon

senryo occupation (of country) senryoku military capability senryd sum occupy

election

country

sensai (na) delicate

sensa sa delicacy sensaku sum

specialist med senmonka specialist senmonka (no)

()

senmon-i

(

P

professional

senmon

ni

sum

specialize in

senmonshoku no

P

poke

sensakuzuki (na)

nosv sensei (school)teacher: doctor (form of address) sensei oath law senseijutsu astrology

senseikydjutsusho

hito

deposition

professional

()

pry:

one's nose into

specialty

senmonteki (na)

sensei-shunin swear

technical

senmon-yogo

sensei

terminology, jargon

sum

in wi messes

sum

swear (on

oath)

^enmu-

senseshon

torishimariyaku managing

sensation (event)

director

sum

sermen

concentrate:

focus

sennetsu glandular fever 5t

1^

senseshonaru (na) sensational sensha car wash sensha tank mil

senno brainwashing senno sum brainwash

senshi warrior senshi death in action

(

sennuki bottle-opener: corkscrew

sennyukan preconceived

senshin linesman, touch judge senshin (no) advanced

()

idea

41 senpai one senior at school or work 's

11

senpaku shipping, sea senpan war criminal

ki lill^

senshi-jidai (no)

prehistoric

senpuki fan

traffic

{electric)

senrei baptism senrei precedent senrei sum christen senren sareta

^^

sophisticated: refined

senren

sum

[i

senshu bow {of ship) senshu shipowner senshu player; contender; tobikomi no senshu

diver last week senshuken championship

senshCi (title)

senshuken-taikai championship {event)

senshutsu

civilize:

refine

sum

select:

elect

senso

senrihin spoils of war: booty:

war: warfare

senso no hoki

loot

^

senro track; rail senryaku strategy ^l&^J(/k) senryakuteki (na) strategic

senryd dye

renunciation of war

sensochu de aru he at

war

sensu good sense; taste sensu fan (handheld)

sensuikan

216

sensuikan submarine sensui sum submerge senta center (building)

...

choice, option;

selection;

sentaku no yochi ga nakatta had no choice sentaku dekiru

I

washable sentakuki washing machine

sentaku-mono

pollster

serori celery

——

laundry,

washing

()

seru compete seru sale (at reduced price) serufu-sabisu

(

(no) self-service

sentaku (no)

serusuman

elective;

sentakushi alternative sentakushitsu laundry

serusu-pointo selling point

sessei no nai

(place)

sentaku sum do the laundry; do the washing sentan tip (of cigarette); top (of

immoderate sesse to hataraku work hard; beaver away

^5

mountain,

sesshi centigrade sesshi-reido freezing

tree)

senteibasami

sesshoku contact sesshoku sum touch sesshon session sess6 no nai

pruning shears sentei sum prune sentensei (no)

(

congenital

sento cent sento spire, steeple sento head; leader; sento ni tatsu take the lead sentd combat sento public bath

' ! ()

unprincipled

sessuru touch; serve; receive; border

setchaku

hTlingu central heating senzai detergent; dishwashing ij

,

)

for lathers

bond

setchaku-tepu

sticky

setchakuzai adhesive, glue setchi sum set up setogiwa brink

S

ceramics

setsu clause; verse setsubi facilities, amenities: equipment setsubi-kanbi (no) li'k ';i self-contained setsubo longing

UJ ^{

carry on one's back; be burdened with seoyogi backstroke serapT therapy serapisuto therapist (//;

glue;

_

setomono

senzai-ishiki the subconscious (mind) senzaiteki (na) insidious effect: potential customer senzen (no) prewar H'K

serifu speech

sum

tape

liquid

z

on

(of glue)

sentd (no) leading sentoraru-

senzo V) seou

contact;

seta sweater

sent6ki fighter (airplane)

}^

salesman.

(sales) rep

optional

1

sailing

serohan cellophane seron public opinion seron-ch6sa poll, survey seron-ch6sain

sentai hull (ofship)

sentaku

o

ni serifu

tsukeru prompt seringu

play):

…

J

-r

setsubo

sum

long, yearn;

be anxious tor Mj'z l;JJI

setsubun last day of winter setsudan sum amputate;

sever; mutilate

setsudo moderation,

restraint

shakkuri

217

f

setsugd

sum

ugokimawaru

(

cement:

fuse: link

setsujo removal med setsujo sum remove med setsujoku o hatasu get even; get revenge

()

(

shaberu talk; chat shaberu shovel

shabondama

shabushabu

explain.

with examples)

shacho

setsuritsu foundation, setting

+

company)

sum

setsuritsu

establish,

up setsuyaku saving, economy setsuyaku shite

economically,

light;

shagamu

squat

shagaregoe husky

sum

'

voice: croak:

save:

shagaregoe o dasu croak '; shagaregoe (no)

setsuzoku connection setsuzoku-bin connecting

flight

hoarse: huskv

(

shain

fi:

setsuzoku-shi conjunction

GRAM

staff:

employee

shajitsuteki (na)

graphic, vivid

setsuzoku

sum

connect

settei setting settei

shakai community: society shakai ukki saseru rehabilitate shakaifukushi-jigyd fi: social work V shakai-gaku sociology H: shakai (no) social; shakai no kuzu the dregs of tt:

sum set movie,

etc: establish:

)^

create

setto scenery: set (/// tennis) setto theft: larcenv '

settdji prefix

settoku persuasion settokuryoku no

am

(

-( society

be convincing persuasive: compelling: forceful settoku sum persuade: reason with setto- menyu set

ft

menu

fh

+

sum

do hair: kami o setto shite morau have one s hair done setto

^i^^H settdzai Will

out

shado roadway

thriftily

setsuyaku

novel

shadan suru block

cut off: insulate

s

conserve: economize

te

fonduebeef head, president {of

style dish with

up set

(soap)

bubble

unaccountable: inexplicable

sum

sezokuteki (na)

worldly

setsumeibun caption setsumei dekinai

(

sezoku (no) common:

secular

account: illustration

setsumei

around

sewayaki (no)

interfering: over-protective

setsumei explanation:

set out: illustrate

bustle

sum

larceny

sewa car ' (of ha by, pet etc): sewa o suru attend to;

take care

of:

look after:

sewa o yaku meddle: