Anthology of Old Russian Literature 9780231878340

Table of contents :
Introduction
Contents
Abbreviations. Transliteration
Old Kevian Literature
Annalistic Literature
Hagiography
Rhetoric and Lyricism
Heroic and Epic Literature
Old Muscovite Literature
Hagiography
Historiography
New Muscovite Literature
Historiography
Hagiography
Fiction
Glossary
Index of Authors and Titles
Index of Names
Genealogical Tables
Errata

Citation preview

ANTHOLOGY OF

OLD RUSSIAN LITERATURE

C O L U M B I A SLAVIC

STUDIES

A SERIES OF THE D E P A R T M E N T OF SLAVIC LANGUAGES COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY

ANTHOLOGY OF

OLD RUSSIAN LITE RATURE Edited by AD.

STENDER-PETERSEN In Collaboration unth

STEFAN

CONGRAT-BUTLAR

COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY NEW

YORK

AND

LONDON

PRESS

The preparation of this work for publication has been made possible by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation to the Department of Slavic Languages of Columbia University. The Committee for the Promotion of Advanced Slavic Cultural Studies has generously provided funds to meet part of the cost of publication of this work

First printing 1954 Second printing 1962 M A N U F A C T U R E D IN T H E U N I T E D S T A T E S O F AMERICA

INTRODUCTION T H E P U R P O S E of this anthology is to give to those American and Western European students who are acquainted with the Russian language a direct and personal impression of medieval Russian literature through selected readings. It must be emphasized at the outset that the basis for selection of these texts differs essentially from that of all Old Russian readers, anthologies, and chrestomathies hitherto published in or outside Russia. The traditional approach, dominated by purely philological or linguistic points of view, has been deliberately avoided. The texts are not presented as material for the study of the Old Russian language and its history, although with some caution they may be used with benefit for this purpose too. It has not been the editor's intention to reproduce literally the Old Russian manuscripts from which the texts are taken. Abbreviations and contractions, so characteristic of the originals, have been extended. Letters inherited from Old Church Slavonic, but of no importance for the understanding of the texts, have been replaced by the corresponding Russian letters; the reader will, therefore, notice the total absence of letters reflecting Old Church Slavonic iotized and nasal vowels. It has not even been considered necessary to preserve the spelling found in the original manuscripts, and in cases where the spelling was inconsistent throughout a text, the orthography has been to a degree unified and normalized.

The main task has been to facilitate the reading of texts that are at times incomprehensible even to a native Russian. Every possible means and device short of translation has been employed in order to secure the greatest possible readability and understanding. As a consequence, the texts have been edited with a maximum of latitude: texts have been divided into chapters; dialogue material in prose passages has been paragraphed; and syntactical and rhythmical units characteristic of lyrical passages have been separated. Each text is accompanied by copious annotations: where the language of the original differs too radically from modern Russian, grammatical and syntactical explanations have been provided; a separate series of annotations deals with geographical, historical, genealogical, and ideological data. A systematized glossary contains obsolete and archaic words unknown in modern Russian. Thus, the principle followed in the editing has not been that of documentary exactness. It has been throughout a purely literary principle which may be justified by the following profession of faith.

VI

Introduction

It is, indeed, surprising t h a t even well-informed Americans and Western Europeans interested in Russian culture frequently seem to be convinced that no true Russian literature existed before the nineteenth century, certainly not before the reforms of Peter the Great. The distant past, from the very beginnings of Russian civilization in the tenth and eleventh centuries to the beginning of the eighteenth century, is believed to have been a long period of complete spiritual darkness with an accompanying lack of creative writing. Handbooks of the history of Russian literature published in Western Europe and in America support this view, or at the most suggest t h a t Old Russian literature was of such slight importance and consequence t h a t one would find in it little of interest. Marc Slonim's The Epic of Russian Literature from its Origins through Tolstoy (New York, 1950) disposes of the old periods in Russian literature in 25 of the 236 pages comprising the book. D. S Mirskij in his History of Russian Literature, edited and abridged by Francis J. Whitfield (New York, 1948), a book consisting of 515 pages, devotes but some 35 pages to the literature of Old Russia. M. Hoffmann in Histoire de la littérature russe depuis les origines jusqu'à nos jours (Paris, 1934) limits his description of Old Russian literature to some 119 out of a total of nearly 700 pages. In A. Bruckner's Geschichte der russischen Literatur (Leipzig, 1905), Old Russian literature is discussed on 56 of a total of 505 pages, and in Arthur Luther's Geschichte der russischen Literatur (Leipzig, 1924), the introduction and the chapters on Russian folk songs and the older period of literature occupy but 78 of 474 pages. Under these circumstances, one must all the more appreciate D. Ciievskij's extensive Geschichte der altrussischen Literatur im 11., 12. und 13. Jahrhundert (Frankfurt, 1948); in addition, the American reader will find a wealth of information in N. K. Gudzij's History of Early Russian Literature (New York, 1949). It is clear, however, that neither Ciievskij's book nor Gudzij's work has succeeded in changing the universally prevalent belief that Old Russian literature is of little value and significance. In addition to this almost disparaging and certainly cursory treatment of the earliest periods of Russian writing, another factor operated in the same direction. Throughout the nineteenth century the traditional philological approach dominated investigations of the history of Old Russian literature. The Russian traditionalists considered Old Russian texts to be purely religious, ecclesiastical, and perhaps historical literature, significant only for their evidence of the development of the Russian language. The aesthetic point of view was completely neglected. Only in rare instances was the literary importance of these texts so obvious t h a t scholars were compelled to acknowledge it. Characteristically, however, they harbored serious doubts about the authenticity of the texts and expressed great surprise over their existence in an otherwise seemingly worthless and colorless literature. The Igor Tale, for example, was long regarded as a literary miracle. In recent years, however, the scholarly study of Russian history and literature has thrown so much new light upon the long period preceding the reforms of Peter the Great that the misconception of Old Russian literature is now less justified than ever. It is these neglected, little perceived, and still less studied literary values of Old Russian literature which this anthology is intended to illustrate.

Introduction

VII

2

In accordance with the basic principle of selection that we have outlined, Old Russian texts that either have no literary value or are not illustrative of original literary creation have been excluded. In the oldest period of Russian civilization, numerous Old Church Slavonic manuscripts were recopied in Russia; the oldest dated literary monuments, always introduced into the first pages of compendious histories of Russian literature, comprise this category. Without exception, these have been excluded from the present anthology. Neither the famous Ottromir Got pel of 1054, nor the Sv'atoslav Excerpts of 1073—76, nor similar texts have been taken into consideration. Byzantine originals, regardless of their importance and influence in the development of Old Russian literature, have been excluded as not representative of Old Russian creativeness. For this reason, neither the Chronicle of Hamartolos, nor the dramatic Tale of the Taking of Jerusalem by Josephus Flavius, nor the fragments of the anonymous Byzantine Tale of Digenis Akritas, nor similar translations from the Greek appear here. One of the principles of selection applied deliberately and stringently throughout the book was that the text must be illustrative of original Russian writing. A second, less mechanical, but infinitely more important criterion was that the selection must have artistic merit. One of the principal differences between Old and New Russian literature is that of the very concept of literature characteristic of each period. This difference has always been felt distinctly, but has never been satisfactorily defined. According to the traditional approach employed in scholarly investigations of the history of Russian literature, accepted even by so modern a scholar as Professor Gudzij, the difference consists in the apparently incontrovertible fact that Old Russian literature has an exclusively —or preponderantly—religious or ecclesiastical motivation, whereas New Russian literature is conditioned exclusively—or preponderantly—by secular motives. The very addition of the restrictive phrase "or preponderantly" indicates how questionable this formula really is. Not all Old Russian literary monuments contain a purely religious or ecclesiastical orientation, and not all New Russian literature is of a secular nature. Even if it should be admitted that Church and religion—as in all medieval literature, even outside Russia—play a much greater role in Old than in New Russian literature, this difference would be one of degree only, not of essence. The sole criterion which offers a true basis for the distinction between the two periods of Russian literary activity is of quite another nature. It is necessary to comprehend that Old Russian literature developed on the foundation of the literary system of Byzantium and its characteristic styles; whereas New Russian literature received its particular form from, and was patterned after, the Western European system of literary genres based upon the classical Greek-Latin inheritance. The religious motivation we so frequently encounter in Old Russian literature was but one of the influences of Byzantine literature and, from a literary point of view, hardly the principal influence. Religion is an ideological factor which can emerge in the literature of any period; but it would be impossible to understand and to interpret literature correctly and adequately solely from the point of view of its ideology. The decisive criterion in every national literature, in every period of its development, must be art.

Vili

Introduction

It is this criterion that was decisive in the selection of texts included in this book. Again and again the texts indicate the attitude that Old Russian writers deliberately adopted with respect to the problem of language, a problem which later occupied Russian authors, from Lomonosov (with his theory of the three styles) to PuSkin. This problem, which appears in Old Russian literature as an urgent and troubling one, was that of combining, of harmonizing the two elements of Russia's literary language: the Old Church Slavonic element and the purely Russian element. The solution was found individually by each author. It is not difficult to note that the choice of language depended upon the writer's theme. In some works, the language was mainly Old Church Slavonic; in others, it was almost pure Russian; in still others, Old Church Slavonic and Russian elements were intermingled in well-calculated proportions. The problem was obviously one of style, and the choice of style was a problem of art. Art was, consequently, the basic spirit of literature. With respect to the adequate use of language, there is no essential difference between the attitude of a modern author and that of an Old Russian writer. The sole difference consists in the absence or presence of genres. For the Old Russian writer, the distinction between prose and poetry, between narrative and dramatic art, simply did not exist. Still, all the tales and sermons, narratives and hagiographies, annalistic compilations and prayers, laments and heroic poems, which comprise Old Russian literature, are notable exclusively for their infinitely varied and modified style. It is possible to distinguish between a thoroughly pragmatic and a purely metaphorical style, between pure prose and pure lyricism, between symbolistic or allegorical expression and simple prosaic speech. These elements may be intermingled so that rhythmical passages suddenly appear in an otherwise prosaic text, but one can always determine the artistic purpose which impelled the writer to modify his style. Clear, consistent dialogue frequently appears in the midst both of purely prosaic texts and of extremely lyrical passages, but it never develops into the dramatic genre. The driest prosaist may suddenly shift to the most delicate lyricism, but this lyricism never assumes the form of versified poetry. There can, however, be no doubt about the author's awareness of the importance of structure and composition. And the tendency to present the thematic material in a form attractive to the reader is ever obvious. Preambles and introductions are constructed as carefully as conclusions. The authors seem to know the secrets of retardation and acceleration in the exposition of their themes.. They are concerned about an effective presentation of plots and action. They are capable of moving from the most extreme brevity to the most extreme verbosity. Their main concern is literary art. Our texts texts lacking lack of space of texts that

have been selected as illustrations of this literary art. Consequently, any semblance of such art have been excluded. Unfortunately, imposed regrettable but necessary limitations upon the number could be included in this volume. 3

Old Russian literature was not so homogeneous as is commonly believed. Extensive investigation proves that the literature of Old Russia was divided into two distinct periods. The writings of the first of these periods are here termed

Introduction

IX

Kievan literature; the literature of the second period is designed as Muscovite literature. The two are representative of distinct chronological periods in the development of Old Russian literature. The division here adopted can, of course, be subjected to criticism, as can every separation into periods of time, for such division is always the result of controversial generalizations. Professor Gudzij assumes the existence of these two clearly defined periods, the Kievan and the Muscovite, but he interposes between them one or two transitional periods, maintaining that whereas the former are represented by literature intimately linked with the two important centers of Russian cultural life, the intermediate periods are represented by several provincial literatures associated with different centers of literary activity and devoid of more intimate mutual relations. This distinction appears to be too artificial in that it is impossible to find any basis for the establishment of the intermediate periods other than through extraliterary factors. Actually, the two main periods meet during the intermediate periods. While Kievan literature appears to be gradually undergoing an eclipse, Muscovite literature appears to be gradually rising. The border line separating the one from the other is the so-called "second Balkan (or Byzantine) influence," which was responsible for a new stylistic orientation in literature. The division established in this volume thus seems to be more in accordance with literary facts. Old Kievan literature was decidedly homogeneous. Even if one should find some tension between the literary atmosphere in Kiev and that in Novgorod, a diversity between the florid style in the south of Russia and the drier and more laconic style in the north, the difference would be of mentality rather than of literary means and devices. Indeed, this uniformity was so unmistakably clear, and Old Russian culture was so coherent organically, that in spite of the Tatar invasion during the first half of the thirteenth century and Tatar political supremacy during the following 150 years, Russian literature continued to exist on the basis of its Kievan inheritance. Kievan literature had diverse sources. Important in the history of the earliest Russian literature were the Scandinavians who intruded from the North and contributed much to the rise of the Kievan state. They were at first guided by trade interests alone, and it is indicative of their original role that the name used by the Russian Slavs to designate them—Varangians— was derived from their strong and disciplined trade organizations. At a comparatively early date they gave the exploited Slavic population an efficient military system which became the foundation of Russia's political structure. However, the role of the Varangians in the development of Russian culture must not be exaggerated, since the country's administration soon passed from this foreign element into the hands of the indigenous Slavic element. One of the features of Kievan literature which may be ascribed to the Varangians is the rigid, pointed, and polished style found in certain short sagas inserted into Nestor's Chronicle. These narratives were characterized by such extreme terseness and by such a complete lack of all interpretative comment that one can find parallels only within the Old Scandinavian saga tradition with its characteristic brevity. There is no doubt that the Varangians' interest in events of the past and their concern for preserving the memory of the past in short, concise tales were among the sources from which sprang the Old Russian

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Introduction

predilection for anecdotal treatment of history. There can hardly be any doubt that these sagas stemmed from the Varangian milieu at the court of Kiev and the retinue of the Kievan princes; this milieu was one of the stations along the long and famous route from Constantinople, the center of the Byzantine emperors' Varangian bodyguard, to Varangian Scandinavia (Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and even partly the English colonies of the Vikings). It was the "route from Greece to Varangia" traced in the Cosmographic Introduction to Nestor's Chronicle. By far the greatest importance in the development of Old Russian literature must be ascribed to Byzantium, whence came to Russia the Christian religion with its disciplined ecclesiastical hierarchy. Byzantium gave to the Russian people, or rather to the social elite, fixed moral norms. Piety, saintliness, asceticism, and martyrdom became lofty, almost superhuman ideals. The Byzantine Church also introduced into Old Russian society one of its own most characteristic literary forms: hagiography, which in common with annalistic writing became one of the most important forms of composition in early Russian literature. From the very outset this literature created its own pious heroes in hagiographic works that developed independently against the background of Byzantine hagiography. It must be noted that the Russian monks completely neglected the stylistic reforms of Simeon Metaphrastes (eleventh century), who introduced modern rhetoric into Byzantine hagiography; they preferred the antiquated realistic and pragmatic Byzantine models. The famous Cave Monastery, founded by Christian Varangians in the hills surrounding Kiev, became the center of Old Russian hagiographic activity. An unknown author composed the Life of Saint Antonius, glorifying one of the founders of the monastery, but his work, unfortunately, has not been preserved. In the Life of Saint Theodosius, Antonius's closest friend and follower, the Cave Monastery annalist Nestor, portrayed an ideal ascetic. The Cave Monastery itself became the subject, even the protagonist, of an entire book, the Patericon of the Cave Monastery of Kiev, written by two of its monks. To their material were later added short biographies of other monks, simple wonder-makers, " f u n n y " saints, and so-called "fools in Christ." All these narratives were intended to uplift the spirit and to present the ideal of humble Christian life and conduct, but at the same time they were meant to divert and amuse the reader. Hagiography in its many forms and shadings remained one of the most popular forms of literature in the cultural life of Old Russia up to the time of Peter the Great; it was the fulfillment of all the literary activity centered in the Cave Monastery, the miraculous genesis of which was described as early as the end of the eleventh century by none other than Nestor himself. Nestor was also the author of one of the oldest princely biographies. His work followed in time the first, anonymous, attempt to portray the martyrdom of two Russian princes. In the extremely lyrical anonymous Passion and Encomium of SS. Boris and Gleb and in Nestor's Lection on the Life and Assassination of SS. Boris and Gleb the Old Russian reader became acquainted with the impressive figures of two brothers who were so filled with Christian desire for selfsacrifice that they almost triumphantly permitted their assassins to immolate them to the glory of God. Christianity was the great revolutionary concept that transformed Russian life and gave it its spirit of pathos. After the decline of Kievan Russia under the

Introduction

XI

impact of Tatar attacks, the defense of Christianity became the historical mission of Russian civilization. The anonymous Life of Alexander Nevskij, written at the dawning of the Muscovite era, was born of the widespread belief in the divine intervention and aid of SS. Boris and Gleb. In spite of this close relation between the older and the newer princely biographies, the conflict between them was prominent: while the Life of Alexander Nevskij is written in a pragmatic style, the two biographies of Boris and Gleb are marked by a panegyrical pattern, the nature of which is both rhetorical and lyrical. 4

Rhetoric and lyricism are the two most interesting features of old Russian literature. Their sources are clear, and although they differ basically, they converge in the formation of a homogeneous and original heroic and epic style. One of these sources was undoubtedly Byzantine homiletics, the art of composing lofty sermons, the art of writing prayers and supplications, the art of religious self-expression. Three well-defined stages in the development of Old Russian lyricism are represented by Hilarion of Kiev, Cyril of Turov, and Serapion of Vladimir. In spite of the extremely national theme of his Sermon on Law and Grace, Hilarion was still the typical Byzantine rhetorician interpreting the Scriptures allegorically and regarding their content as symbols of the future development of Christianity in Russia. In comparison, Cyril of Turov was not an orator, but rather a poet. It must nevertheless be added that even when as lyrical a homilist as Cyril casually presents truly poetic descriptions of Russian nature and shows an awareness of the charm of the changing seasons, it is difficult to interpret this as a direct expression of his own feelings or his predilection for poetic images, or as a result of a "Slavic" quality. Neither are his prayers and canons—violent confessions of sinfulness and humility—spontaneous outbursts of a soul in pain: their lyricism is much more artificial than popular. Cyril borrowed his methods from Byzantine homiletics. Considered by the Church as pagan, Slavic folklore and folk songs could not easily intrude upon a literature dominated by clericalism. The rhythmic principles characteristic of Cyril's religious poems are patterned after those of Byzantine hymnology rather than on Slavic folk songs. In this earliest lyrical literature the Slavic people (fishermen, hunters, and husbandsmen, dependent on the elements and the seasons) remained anonymous. All traces of animism, apparently the original form of Slavic religious practice, were totally absent from this literature, while Slavic mythology on its higher plane with its gods Perun, Svarog, Stribog, Daibog, and others was barred from the world of eloquence, rhetoric, and homiletics. There were, however, two forms of purely Slavic poetry or poetic expression which were not restricted: proverbs and laments. Russian proverbs, frequently composed on the opposition between two antithetic concepts and bound by a strict syntactical parallelism, were pointed aphorisms, or even anecdotes, transmitted orally and easily remembered. The lamentations, whose utterance was primarily a feminine art, were performed at the graves and tombs of deceased relatives. Although the lamentations were social functions required by custom, they were also emotional improvisations composed on the pattern of questions

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Introduction

and mourning wails, expressed in anaphoric sentences and in parallel phrases. In the Lament by Daniel the Exile, a paroemiographer par excellence and an erudite man familiar with ecclesiastical oratory, we find a mixture of the deeply emotional, interrogative, and exclamatory style of lamentations and the antithetic character of aphorisms and proverbs. On the basis of the aggregate of literary experience—annals, hagiographies, homiletics, hymns, and laments—and supported by heroic folk songs not preserved in written form, Old Russian literature produced an epic on the highest poetic level, the famous Lay of Prince Igor, also known as The Igor Tale. Ideologically, the poem is based mainly upon the characteristic Old Russian historical aspect of life, an interest in the Russian people's past and in its possible future. If the religious aspect is perhaps indicative of the attitude of Old Russian homilists, and if the martial aspect of life shows a direct trace of the Varangian spirit, then the historical and political aspect of life, even when expressed by monks, may be ascribed to t h e realistic common sense of the Old Russian towndweller class, anxious about the fate of its towns, its country, and its professional and vocational activity. The feudal wars between local and provincial princes, members of the same dynasty of the mythical R'urik, were a constant source of alarm and anxiety to the merchants, tradesmen, craftsmen, and representatives of other occupations. The concept of Zeml'a Russkaja (a designation for Russia as a political unit) was created by them, and the feelings of anxiety, concern, fear and love for this Zeml'a Russkaja appeared in the form of a young but fervent patriotism, even though there existed no special word for this attitude. Even the Church, inclined to interpret historical events in the light of the theory of God's grace and punishment, exhibited this patriotism. The most prominent princes, imbued with a sense of responsibility, gave expression to their new national consciousness (as, for example, Prince Vladimir Monomachus did in his famous Testament to My Sons). The Igor Tale, a rhythmicized and instrumentalized epic poem addressed to the princes and yet at the same time directed against them and their egotism, was the most poetic expression of this Old Kievan patriotism. Here religiousness appeared as fear of the imminent end of the world. But the means of expression was purely poetic, in one way or another a direct continuation of all then extant Russian literary styles. 5 During this early period of Russian civilization, Kievan literature had the clear features of simple monumentality. The tragedy, then, which caused the decline and fall of the young Kievan state was all the greater. As long as the ruling dynasty of R'urik's descendants and the democratic town-dweller class remained united by their mutual trade interests in Byzantium, the structure of the Kievan state remained strong. But the rise and growth of Russian feudalism, gradually estranged these two groups, to the detriment of the state. An increasing majority of the princes began to neglect their obligations as protectors of Russo-Byzantine trade and, instead, deepened their interest in the agricultural cultivation of the principalities over which they ruled. Decentralization of power was unavoidable. Ceaseless fratricidal wars among the individual

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XIII

Russian rulers gradually weakened the state to such an extent that it became an easy prey for the invading Tatars in the first half of the thirteenth century. In one of his rhetorical sermons, Serapion of Vladimir bemoans the sad fate of the dismembered state, the destruction of its ancient culture, and the invasion of the merciless heathens. In the Narrative of Batu Khan's Invasion of R'azan', an anonymous writer recounts the heroic deeds of the mythical Russian patriot Eustratius Kolovrat; using a language unlike that of The Igor Tale, he made a new attempt at creating an epic of the highest poetic quality. In the unfinished Discourse on the Ruin of the Land of Rus', a fragment of a rhythmical poem, another anonymous writer gave—or attempted to give—a picture of the tragic difference between the former glory and the present decline under Tatar rule. Interestingly enough, the lyricism displayed in these works assumed a lamentatory style. Lamentation, then, over the fate of the mercilessly devastated Zeml'a Russkaja was the main trend in Russian literature after the conquest and destruction of the old capital Kiev by the foes of Christianity. The destruction, however, was far from complete. Kievan culture had been so intense and robust that the nation was able to continue its life according to the old traditional principles. Nor did forms of literary expression or ideals of life change during the dark decades under Tatar supremacy. A picture of the ideal Russian prince fighting and conquering the enemy is presented in the Life of Alexander Nevskij-. the hope that a heroic act might liberate the country from the infidel lords did not entirely fade. Belief in the aid of the martyrs Boris and Gleb consoled every patriot in the Russian community. Much more important, however, for the development of Old Russian literature was the fact that the tendency to preserve the tradition of The Igor Tale, the tradition of poetic expressiveness and metaphorical style in portraying the actual moment, was still alive. When, in 1380, Great Prince Dimitrij of Moscow defeated Mamaj Khan of the Golden Horde, patriotic excitement found its expression in The Don Tale. However true it may be that this poem is a simple imitation of The Igor Tale and that the author, in all probability a boyar from R'azan', frequently misunderstood and misused the metaphorical style of The Igor Tale (and was but an epigone of the latter's author), The Don Tale, read independently and without comparison with its model, does not fail to impress one as a highly poetic composition, a literary monument worthy of the historical event it portrays: the liberation of ZemTa Russkaja from the Tatar yoke. 6 Moscow's rise to power and its successful attempt to centralize political life in one dominating capital paralleled fresh attempts to come into direct contact with the sources of Russian orthodoxy: Byzantine culture, Constantinople, the Holy Mountain of Athos, and the Balkan Slavic countries. But Byzantine culture was now viewed from another standpoint, and the new contacts contributed to the formation of a new literature. The new orientation was particularly apparent in the development of Muscovite hagiography. The realism of Old Kievan hagiography, its pragmatism and veracity, its simplicity and impressiveness, could not survive. Folk elements and elements of pure fiction were introduced into hagiographies which stylistically still preserved the old tradition of simple speech. Such works of hagiographical

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art, however, were sporadic deviations from the main direction of the development of hagiography. However interesting and pleasurable such old-fashioned legends as The Life of St. Mercurius of Smolensk and The Life of Peter, Prince of Murom may have been, they were in no way representative of the characteristic features of the new Muscovite approach to literature. The renewed contacts with Byzantine literature had resulted in the importation of new stylistic trends: of Byzantine rhetoric and Byzantine refinement both in language and in thought. The old pragmatism was now abandoned, for it was no longer an appropriate artistic expression of the new Muscovite mentality. While Byzantium bowed lower and lower to the aggressive Turk, young Moscow, glorious in the victory over the Tatars, raised its head higher and higher. Metropolitan Cyprian, a Balkan Slav, wrote the biography of one of his predecessors, The Life of Peter, First Metropolitan of Moscow, employing a flowery language indicative of the new style. But the rhetorical art of hagiography, as it was taught in Constantinople and in the monasteries of Mount Athos, was represented by the expository works of Epiphanius the Wise, a humble Muscovite monk who wrote almost hymnlike biographies of two of the more important ecclesiastical personages of the time of Great Prince Dimitrij : the extremely decorative and instrumentalized Life of St. Stefan of Perm' and the similarly verbose Life of St. Sergius of Radonez, a national saint. The same style, ponderous and overembroidered, was characteristic of the Life and Death of Great Prince Dimitrij, probably written by the same Epiphanius the Wise. Dimitrij himself never dreamed of assuming the high Byzantine title of Caesar, or Tsar; it was Epiphanius, or the anonymous author of the Life, who gave him this designation. Moscow's ambition to emulate Constantinople as the center of pure Christianity had grown stronger after the defeat of the last Byzantine emperor by the Turks, and in the sixteenth century Philotheus, the abbot of a Pskov monastery, formulated his famous theory of Moscow as the Third Rome. The conquest of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453 had shaken the entire Greek Orthodox world, with the exception of Muscovia. Every literate Muscovite was acquainted with Nestor-Iskander's Tale of the Taking of Constantinople, a dramatic report of the last days of the metropolis and of its heroic emperor, patterned after the classical Tale of the Taking of Jerusalem by the Romans by Josephus Flavius which had been translated into Russian in the earliest period of Russian literature. Earlier, shortly after the fall of Constantinople, Pachomius Logothetes, a Serbian émigré possessed of a realistic appreciation of the conditions of the times, reinterpreted the origin of the princes of Vladimir, ancestors of the Muscovite princes, by drawing a direct line of descent from Prussus, a freely invented brother of the Roman emperor Augustus, to the R'urik dynasty. His Legend of the Princes of Vladimir soon became one of the leading sources of Muscovite megalomania, and during the reign of Ivan the Terrible, literature assumed all the features characteristic of overornamented speech, developing rapidly from the simple to the complex, from the pragmatic to the decorative, from the secular to the clerical. Under the influence of the new trends, the Russian language (or the language of Russian literature) became cloaked in sophisticated phrases, newly coined words, and long, complicated syntactical constructions. Literature became stamped with officiality and authoritativeness, and its prevailing theme was the glorification of the Muscovite tsar.

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XV

Two narratives were especially subservient to the encomiastic glorification of the wealth and power of the Russian autocrat in Moscow: the anonymous Tale of the Attack of the Lithuanian King Stefan Batory, complicated and servile in its whole style; and the anonymous Tale of the Taking of Kazan', a Muscovite equivalent of the Nestor-Iskander narrative. Originally, the Muscovites had the self-conscious mentality of rich and mighty princes and boyars gathered around the tsar's throne and supported by the dignitaries of the Church. The opposition of the discontented towndwellers had expressed itself in a variety of rationalistic heresies, but was quickly suppressed and extirpated. There were no traces of democratic concepts in Muscovite literature. The struggle between the mystical philosophy of the so-called "trans-Volga hermits," teaching contempt for things temporal and demanding complete purity, and the official Church p a r t y , striving for greater political and economic power, ended with victory for the latter. From that moment, Church and Tsardom acted in close collaboration and prepared the transition from the boyar type of rule to pure autocracy. This transition was not accomplished without a struggle. During the first half of his reign, Ivan the Terrible was still supported by magnates and boyars. In his cultural activity, he represented clericalism, orthodoxy, and majesty. Makarij, the Metropolitan of Moscow, founder of all Muscovite cultural activity, directed the compilation of the voluminous encyclopedic work known as Lives of Saints and comparable only to the Western European Acta Sanctorum, but written in an extremely refined Church Slavonic language. Old Muscovite morals, philosophy, and conduct were codified in works called Domostroj (House Rule) and Stoglav (The Hundred Chapters), rigid frames for human minds. The history of Russian princes and rulers was described in the extraordinarily panegyrical and rhetorical Book of Degrees of the Imperial Genealogy which created the concept of Holy Russia, the chosen nation. All other ideas, heresies, oppositions, and new trends in literature were stamped out, time and life stiffened into forms and norms, and decorative arabesques and luxuriant phrases devoid of animated content marked the language. The famous correspondence between Prince Kurbskij, who sought refuge in Lithuania, and Ivan the Terrible revealed the backwardness of Muscovite literary style and the uniformity of literature in general. 1 The conflict between Ivan the Terrible and Prince Kurbskij also revealed the deep difference between the Tsar's purposeful and progressive absolutism and the antiquated political views of the oligarchic party of the princes, magnates and boyars, represented by Prince Kurbskij. The archaic civilization which was supported by Church and aristocracy was destroyed early in the seventeenth century by the turmoil of the Smdta (Period of Disorder). All classes and parties were involved in a prolonged and violent civil war, and the country's tragic situation was further aggravated by foreign invasions and by interference on the part of pretenders to the throne of Moscow. Against the background of the Smtita there arose a literature of political memoirs, in which both clerical and secular writers endeavored to find the appropriate interpretation of events of the recent past. This literature is interesting

XVI

Introduction

as a documentary source of our knowledge of historical events, but even more important from a literary point of view. It contains all the trends of stylistic expression then extant, both the obsolete metaphorical and rhetorical descriptions characteristic of sixteenth-century hagiographical style, and modern pragmatic and secular factual accounts. The former trend was characterized in so typically ecclesiastic a work as the anonymous Lament on the Occupation and Ultimate Devastation of the Muscovite Empire which, in many respects, was an excellent Muscovite parallel to the Old Kievan Discourse on the Ruin of the Land of Rus'. The secular trend found its finest expression in Prince Katyr'ov-Rostovskij's remarkable Story of Rygone Years, noteworthy for its simple, cultured language, its lifelike portraits of contemporary personages, and its attempt to clothe whole passages in rhymed syntactical units. A completely new attempt to create a heroic language through folkloristic and epic means was made in the anonymous Tale of the Death of Prince Skopin-Sujskij, a monument to one of the Smuta's most popular heroes. Literature endeavored to find an appropriate way of evolution. It made experiments of great interest, and this fact alone is sufficient to support the conclusion that a new period was approaching, a time of new literary goals and new literary tastes. The Smuta resulted in the emergence of a new ruling class, whose appearance had already been prepared b y the sanguinary reforms of Ivan the Terrible. This was the class of small landowners (dvor'ane). The end of the oligarchic system of the princes and boyars and the growth of serfdom were other consequences of the shift in structure of Muscovite society. The majestic and decorative style of Old Muscovite literature was now compelled to give w a y to a more mobile, many-faceted, and, in a certain sense, more democratic style. One of the finest results of this evolution was the truly democratic Tale of the Siege of Azov, a humble petition from the Don Cossack defenders of A z o v to the Tsar of Muscovia to incorporate the fortress into his empire. One of the Cossacks, the able and literary-minded F'odor PoroSin, transposed the original dry t e x t of the petition into rhythmic language interwoven with popular folk elements, impressive in its poetic strength and simplicity and rich in refined images. It was the New Muscovite counterpart of the Old Kievan Igor Tale, impregnated with the free, democratic spirit of the valorous and autonomous Cossacks. With time, secular currents broke through even into the stream of traditional Muscovite hagiography. Without losing its association with earlier hagiographic writing, this genre—to use a modern expression—assumed the features of simple realistic biography. Indicative of the secularization of writing was the fact that members of prominent Muscovite families found it natural to write the life story of one of their ancestors, parents, or relatives. Then too they often motivated their affectionate and reverent description of the life even of a recently deceased relative b y underlining the subject's piety and by portraying the person as a saint in the traditional sense of the word. But when, for example, the young boyar Os6rjin portrays his devout mother in the hagiographical style of his Life of Juliana Lazarevskaja, the reader enjoys the description of Os6rjin's own time and its troubles and the picture of the stanch mistress of a large Muscovite household, the considerate and kind housewife, rather than the author's attempt to depict the typical qualities of a saint.

Introduction

XVII

This trend became the dominating one during the schism between the heretic Old Believers and the partisans of the official reformist Muscovite Church headed by the great patriarch Nikon during the reign of the Romanov tsar Aleksej. This schism evoked the strangest and most vehement expressions of religious stubbornness, unlimited fanaticism, and readiness for martyrdom. In many respects, the biography of the boyarina Lazarevskaja is similar to the Life of the Boyarina Theodosia Morozova. Although she and her sister, Princess Urusova, were members of the highest Muscovite aristocracy and intimate friends of the Tsar and his wife, in the struggle between the official and heretic Church they nevertheless sided with the persecuted members of the heresy and faced death precisely as did martyrs in the first centuries of Christianity. This hagiographic biography was written by an unknown author with an amazing ability for dramatic presentation. A monument much more expressive of this time was the daring and revolutionary hagiographic autobiography of the leader of the Old Believers, the both charming and repulsive protopope Avvakum. The account of his life is a riot of fanaticism, narrow-mindedness, formalism in religious matters, and self-esteem, presenting its author as a martyr to his faith. Most impressive are his language and style, realistic in every detail, radical in the use of secular expressions, original in syntax and phraseology. Avvakum did not know that his autobiography marked the end of hagiographic writing in general. All these secular trends and currents, clear enough even in works which were motivated by religiousness, achieved their final triumph within the completely new and rich Muscovite literature of fiction. The appearance of fiction was the clearest testimony of the progress of modernism in literary matters. Literature hitherto had always strived to maintain the closest possible connection with reality, whether historical or religious. Invention and fantasy were camouflaged by factualness. Now, Muscovite readers discovered that realism did not exclude invention and fiction. It is extremely interesting to see how literature gradually receded from facts and approached imagination and fancy. The Tale of Sorrow and Misfortune, for example, is so abstract in its narration that the hero does not even have a personal name. The tale is interesting in another respect: its style is twofold, partly the style of hagiography, partly that of folk epics, and the close relation to such works as The Tale of the Siege of Azov is one of its most striking traits. The language of this abstract narrative is rhythmical, but usually prose seemed to be more characteristic of the new secular novelistic art. There were numerous variants of this literary genre—and here the term "genre" is justified, for Western European models began to play an important role in Russian literature. There were satirical, humorous, blasphemous, parodic, sociological, historical, and other displays in this multicolored literature of pure fiction, and realism was always their common trait. The Tale of Savva Grudcyn, The Story of Frol Skobejev, and The Tale of Karp Sutulov are landmarks in the development of Muscovite prose realism. Together they give a rounded picture of Muscovite society during the second half of the seventeenth century. This literature was, of course, a background literature, so to speak, not accepted by government and Church circles. The fresh, vivid, clumsy, and often

XVIII

Introduction

rude language not to be found in the vocabulary of the Church and ecclesiastical circles was, on the other hand, characteristic of those classes or groups which had little in common with the literary elite. Erotic desires, sensuousness, and sinfulness here struggled with century-old ideals of asceticism and piety in the New Muscovite novelistic form. The Muscovite of the end of the seventeenth century was able to perceive life and art, joy and sadness, in quite other terms than had Russians in the past. Old Russian literature had come to an end. The time was near when old traditions would finally be discarded.

CONTENTS OLD KIEVAN LITERATURE 1 Annalistic Literature 3 Nestor's Chronicle: The Tales of Bygone Years 3 The Cosmographic Introduction to the Chronicle 3 The Legend of St. Andrew the Apostle 7 The Varangian Sagas of the First Kings, or Princes, of Russia 8 The Invitation to the Varangians 8 The Occupation of Kiev by Askol'd and Dir 9 Askol'd's and Dir's Raid on Constantinople 10 Oleg's Occupation of Kiev 11 Oleg's Campaign against Constantinople 12 Oleg's Death 13 The Assassination of Igor 14 Olga's Revenge 15 Olga's Baptism in Constantinople 19 Prince Vladimir and Princess Rogned' 20 The Presbyter Vasilij: The Story of the Blinding of Prince VasiVko of TerebovV 22 Hagiography 34 Nestor's Life of Theodosius, First Abbot of the Cave Monastery 34 Nestor's Narrative of the Naming of the Cave Monastery 44 Monastic Legends from the Patericon of the Cave Monastery 48 The Founding of the Church of the Cave Monastery 49 The Arrival of the Church-Builders from Constantinople 52 The Arrival of the Iconographs from Constantinople 55 John and Sergius of the Cave Monastery 57 Qregorius the Wonder-Worker 58 Moses the Hungarian 62 SS. Theodoras and Basilius of the Cave Monastery 68 Prince Sv'atoSa of Cernigov 75 Passion and Encomium of SS. Boris and Gleb the Martyrs 80 Nestor's Lection on the Life and Assassination of SS. Boris and Gleb the Martyrs 92 100 The Life of Prince Alexander Nevskij Bhetoric and Lyricism 109 Metropolitan Hilarion's Sermon on Law and Grace 109

XX

Contents

Cyril of T u r o v ' s Sermons 113 Easter Eve Sermon 113 Sermon on the First Sunday after Easter 119 Cyril of T u r o v ' s Prayers 121 Prayer after Sunday Matins 121 Prayer after Monday Matins, Entitled Prayer to the Angels for the Soul 125 Prayer after Thursday Matins 128 Cyril of T u r o v ' s Canon of Supplication 133 Serapion of Vladimir's Sermon on the Merciless Heathens 138 Daniel t h e Exile's Lament 141 Heroic and Epic Literature 135 The Igor Tale 153 The Narrative of Batu Khan's Invasion of R'azan' 166 Discourse on the Ruin of the Land of Rus' 174 Sofonija of R ' a z a n ' : The Don Tale 176 OLD M U S C O V I T E L I T E R A T U R E Hagiography The Life of St. Mercurius of Smolensk The Life of Peter, Prince of Murom, and His Wife Fevronia Metropolitan Cyprian: The Life of Peter, First Metropolitan of Moscow Epiphanius the Sage: The Life of St. Stefan of Perm' Epiphanius the Sage: The Life of St. Sergius of Radonet Tsar of Russia The Life and Death of Dimitrij, Historiography Nestor-Iskander: The Tale of the Taking of Constantinople Pachomius Logothetes: The Legend of the Princes of Vladimir The Tale of the Taking of the Empire of Kazan' King Stefan Batory on the Great The Tale of the Attack of the Lithuanian and Famous Town of Pskov, and of its Liberation The Book of Degrees of the Imperial Genealogy

187 189 189 192 202 211 226 230 239 239 252 258

N E W MUSCOVITE L I T E R A T U R E Historiography Lament on the Occupation and Ultimate Devastation of the Muscovite Empire Prince K a t y r ' o v - R o s t o v s k i j : Story of Former Years The Tale of the Death of Prince Skopin-Sujskij F'odor PoroSin: The Tale of the Siege of Azov Hagiography Callistratus Druiina-Osorjin: The Life of the Saintly and Pious Juliana Lazarevskaja The Life of Boyarina Morozova, Princess Urusova, and Maria Danilova . . . The Life of the Protopope Avvakum Fiction The Tale of Sorrow and Misfortune The Tale of Savva, the Son of the Esteemed Merchant Thomas Grudcyn.... TheTale of the Richand Celebrated Merchant Karp SutulovandHis Prudent W ife The Story of Frol Skobejev, a Russian Nobleman

315 317 317 325 342 351 380

282 297

380 387 404 425 425 437 454 460

Contents

XXI

GLOSSARY

471

I N D E X OF AUTHORS AND T I T L E S

505

I N D E X OF NAMES

511

GENEALOGICAL T A B L E S Table A: The R'urik dynasty Table B: The descendants of Vseslav, Prince of Polock Table C: The descendants of Vladimir, Prince of Novgorod Table D: The descendants of I z'aslav, Great Prince of Kiev Table E: The descendants of Sv'atoslav, Great Prince of Kiev a: The branch of Cernigov b : The branch of R'aian' Table F: The descendants of Vsevolod, Great Prince of Kiev a: The Southern branch b: The Northern branch Table G : The Princes and Tsars of Moscow Table H : The Romanov dynasty

529 531 532 533 533 534 535 536 537 538 539

ABBREVIATIONS abs. absolute aee. accusative case adj adjective adj. poss. possessive adj. ado. adverb, adverbial aor. aorist — a tense of the verb denoting that the action or occurrence took place in unspecified past time, without implication or continuance or repetition, unrestricted or undefined in relation to other points in past time art. article b. born e. city ea. circa cans. causative comp. comparative cond. conditional concess. concessional d. died dot. dative case dot. ait. dative absolute dot. poss. dative possessive (dative of possession) dem. demonstrative det. determinate du. dual number feminine gender /• Finn. Finnish

gen. Gr. imp. impf.

incorr. inf. instr. interrog loc. m. n. neg. nom. Pp. a. p. periphr Pi• pluperf. P• P• Pprpr. a. p. pr. p. p prep. princ. poss.

genitive case Greek imperative mood imperfect — the tense of a verb which expresses action or state as in progress or continuance (or as habitually done or customarily occurring) in past time incorrect, incorrectly infinitive instrumental case interrogative locative case masculine gender neuter gender negative nominative case past past active participle periphrastic plural number pluperfect past passive participle present tense present active participle present passive participle prepositional case; preposition principality possessive

XXIII

Abbreviation* pronoun referring to refrelative reí. rei. art. relative article rei. pron. relative pronoun river r. Scandinavian Scand. scilicet scil. singular number pron.

temp. t. Turk. v.

oern. VÜ. uoc.

oulg.

temporal town Turkish verb vernacular village vocative vulgar

TRANSLITERATION Since it is impossible to eflect exact pronunciation of Russian names and words by means of English letters and sounds, a conventional system of transliteration is used in this work. e: identical with Oerman e e: appears only in Old Russian names and words and is mostly identical with Oerman e i: identical with French i, or Oerman t a: identical with French a, or Oerman a o: identical with French o, or Oerman o u: identical with French ou, or Oerman u j: symbolizes, before or after vowels, the prejotation or postjotation of the vowel c: pronounced as English ts s: pronounced as English voiced * c: pronounced as English ch or tch, or as Oerman itch I : pronounced as English ah z: pronounced as French ; x: pronounced as Oerman ch v: pronounced as English / when final, or before unvoiced consonants, but as English v before vowels ,or voiced consonants. apostrophe after consonants: indicates, in all positions, a palatal pronunciation of the preceding consonant.

OLD KIEVAN LITERATURE

ANNALISTIC LITERATURE Old Kievan annalistic literature is represented in this anthology partly by texts selected from the Tales of Bygone Years (ilOBtcTH BpeweHHtixi. jrfen), also called Nestor's Chronicle, partly by The Story of the Blinding of Prince Vasil'ko (C-fcKasaHHe o6i> ocjrbnjieeiiH KHHBH Bacmn>Ka). The texts selected from Nestor's Chronicle include: the Cosmographic Introduction to the Chronicle, in excerpts; The Legend of St. Andrew the Apostle; and a series of Varangian sagas of the first kings, or princes, of Russia.

NESTOR'S CHRONICLE THE TALES OF BYGONE YEARS The title of this text, which originated early in the twelfth century, is taken from the recension of 1116, represented by the Codex Laurentianus (and other codices), whereas the recension of 1118, represented by the Codex Hypatianus (and other codices), has a title differing in some details and containing a reference to the author (or original compiler) as "a monk from the Cave Monastery of St. Theodosius" in Kiev.

I T H E COSMOGRAPHIC I N T R O D U C T I O N TO T H E CHRONICLE The introduction is based upon the medieval concept of the tripartition of the earth among the sons of Noah: Shem, who received the East; Ham, who received the South; and Japheth, who was given the North and West. Details concerning the numerous lands distributed are here omitted, as is the narrative of the building of the Tower of Babel and of the confusion of languages. The text is representative rather of Byzantine views on the neighbors of the Slavs and lists the individual Slavic tribes and their location. The text is reprinted from the reconstructed text in A. A. Saxmatov, IIoBecn, BpeMeHHux Jiet (Petrograd, 1916), I, 1-7.

4

Annalistie

Literature

Ce noB-fccTH BpeHeHbHuxi> jrfrrb, o n . K y s y ecTb nombJia1 PycbCK&a B I > T O BT>

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B-KEROHBHUH C T P A H U , a

XaMOBH

cuHOBe

NOJIYABHBUUN C T P A H U , Ae-

TOBH w e npHHuia sanajn> H nonyHombHUH CTpaHU. O n CHXT> w e 70 H AIBOIO HSbiKy 1 * 6bicrb flauifb CjiOB-feHbCKb; o r b njieueHe w e A$eTOBa Hapni;aeMHH H o p m u f b h , Hwe cyTb CjioB-FCHE. n o M i H o a i x b 1 * w e BpeMeH'txt CIJIH c y T b " C j i o s i w e no JJyHaeBH, K i n e ecTb HUH-B Y r b p b C K a 3EMJIHU H B w i r a p b C K a JJ. H OTI r f c x i CflOB-feui. paaHAOi n a c a 1 6 no aeMJiH, H n p o a i B a m a c n HM6UU 1 ' CBOHMH, nine c-feflbuie, Ha KOTopoMb » r t c r t . HKOwe npHuibAinie, rtnoma1' Ha piij-fc HMEHBMB M o p a B a , H n p o a i B a rnacH M o p a B a k k , a Apyaan H e c n » HapeKOiiiacn; a ce TH w e C j i o B i H e : XipBaTH BTJIHHMNI H Cbp6b "N H X o p y T a H e 0 0 . BOJIOXOMT," 6 0 HANIBFFBINEMI PP HA CJIOB-FEHBI HA JJYHAHCKBIH, H cfeAT>MEMT>

BT, HHXI> H HacHJiHiqeM-b HMI, CjioB^He w e OBH, npeuibAiue, crfeaotua Ha BHCjrfc, H npoaiBainacH J l n x o B e i i , a o r b r f c x i JIHXOBI nposiBainacH nojiHHe; JlnxoBe ApySHH JlyTHMH, HHH Ma30BT>UiaHe, HHH rlOMOpHHe. TaKOwe H TH CjioB"feHe, npeuibAiuie, cfcAoina no flbHinpy " , H HapeKomacH NOJIHHE, a APYSHH ^PEBJIHHE, 3aHe c t a o u i a BT> jrfecfexi; a APYANN c t n o i n a M e w » NPHNETHK) H ABHHOIO, H H a p e K O i n a c H

FLPBN>BHHH;

HHH crfeAOuia HA ¿(BHH'FC, H

HapeKomacH n o n o q a n e PFRIBKU paAH, n w e BiTeneTb BI> FLBHHY, HMEHBMB n o jiOTa f o n ceH npoaiBauiacn nojioHane; CJIOB-tae w e , n p e u i b A i m e ci> fly n a n , c f e A o i n a OKOJIO e a e p a

HJIMEPN, H n p o a - b B a n i a c n

CBOHMB HMEHBMB, H

cbA^nauia

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5

The Cosmographie Introduction rioJiHin. me W H B i i n e i n . 1 ' ocofrfe n o r o p a m c i n ,

nyn> ma B a p u n .

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ra

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BT. B u i r a p w 0 H B I

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1 ecn> nomuia p. periphr. : e c n pr. 3 tg. : (JUTS + nomuia p. a. p. f. : n o m . * CTaJia ecrb p. periphr. : crajia p. a. p. f. : eraTB + ecrb. • HaibB-feui. imp. 1 pi. : a a s a n . • paanteiwna aor. 3 pi.: paairbJiBTH. ' RCH aor 3 tg. : m e n . • mnacfl aor. i pi. : RTBCH. ' HOBHiy imp/. 3 pi. : WBTH. • Oucrb aor. 3 tg. : OUTB. * YMHOWABIMEICIOI HeJiort11 npunna aor. 3 pi. : KOMI dat. abt. (cau>.). " nOMUcjiBma aor. 3 pi. : DOMUCJIBTB. 14 c b n cyrb p. npnHTH. " flauKy gen. du. : Haunt. " m H o s i m loc. pi. : HiHori. periphr. : c-bJiH p. a. p. pi.: cicTH + cyTb pr. 3 pi. : CUT«. " pasBsomacd and the follow" Bueau ing form In the same passage npoa-bsamacH aor. 3 pi. : pasBTBCH, npoauaTBCH. inslr. pi. : BMH. " cfcaoma and the following form In the same passage: aapeKomacn aor. 3 pi. : cfccTH, HapemHCH. 11 BOJIOXOMT. . . . HacHJifliuem. dot. abt. (cam.). " N O J U W I . . . 11 B u i r t dot. tg : Buira. HtHBimeMi dot. abt. (temp.). " Oil imp. (aor.) 3 tg : OUTB. " plima aor. 3 pi. : peiQB.

a Chuds, a Finnish tribe In Estonia near Lake Pelpus. b Merlans, a Finnish tribe (possibly now known as the Marl) In the region of Jaroslavl', Rostov, and Suzdal', on the right shore of the Volga River. c Muroma, a Finnish tribe In the region of the Oka River, a right affluent of the Volga, d Vepsiaus, a Finnish tribe near Lake Ladoga and between this body of water and Lake Beloje Ozero. e Mordvlnlans, a Finnish tribe between the rivers Tsna and Sura and the Volga River, f Chuds beyond the Volok, an Immense forest in northern Russia; apparently representing several different Finnish tribes. g Permians, Including the Votyaks (now Udmurts) and Zyrlans (now Komi), in the vast region between tbe rivers Vyeegda and Volga and the Ural Mountains. h Pecherians, tribes In tbe vast region of the river Pecera and the Ural Mountains. 1 Hamians (Finnish H&m&liuet), a Finnish tribe In western Finland. ] llgrlans, representing several Finno-Ugrlc tribes, including the Voguls and Ostyaks in northern Russia and northern Siberia. k Lithuanians, a Baltic tribe between the rivers Western Dvlna and Nlemen and the Baltic Sea. 1 Zemgals, a Baltic (Latvian) tribe on the Baltic Sea. m Probably the Kurs, a Finnish tribe among Baltic tribes, from whom Kurland takes its name. n Letgals, a Baltic (Latvian) tribe. o Livlans, probably a Finnish tribe around the Gulf of Riga, from whom the names Livland and Livonia are derived. P Poles, originally probably only the Eastern Poles. KHH; Hiian> rpafli. BeoHKi 6 U T H , H qbpx-VBH m a o r u Cork H S A B I U ' H J I T I HMATB .< M nrni.nl Ha ropu C M , CnarocJioBH H • IIOCT&BH Kpun, • noMOHSBicfl 6ory H c u r t ' CT> ropu cefl, H^ewe nocjrfewe CucTb' KueBi, notme no fli.Hinpy rop*6. H npH^E BI> CJIOBÍHU , Hffewe H u r t HOBT>ropoflr>, H BBfli* r y mo ah 1 11 cysqafl, nano ecTb oCunan HMT>, H «ano CH MiiioTb * H iBomioTbc« , • y«HBHCH1* hot>. H Hffe BT. Bapnru h npnge BT. PHMT> H HcnoB-fe«a, ejiHKO HayiH, H ejiHKO buh^ , H pene hmt>:

»^•BbHO BUfffexT.1* aeMJiio CnoB^HbCKy, Huyuyo MH14 cfexo; bra^x* Cant11 ApeBHHbi, H npewbryn. H paxflHO H ciBJieKyTbCH H 6ynyrb HasH1' H o6jrfc»TbCH KBaCT>Mb yCHHHHIMb H BT>3bMJTb Ha CH npyTHe MJiaflO« H CHIOTb CH CaMH, H Toro CH AOSNIOTB, ejvtBa BiwrfcayTb jrfe >KHBH, H oCjrfe Km.cn BOAOIO CTyAeHO» H OJKHBYTB. H TaKO TBOpHTb nO BbCflffbHH,He MyHHMH HIKUMbHte, HT. CAMH C H nyMaTb, H TO TBopHTb MIBEHAE co6t, a He HyieHHe.« M TO cjiumame, AHBJiHxycH1'. Ahap^h me, CHBT. BT> PHICÍ, npune BI> CHROnHK). 1

AHaptio yiaiwo ... h npauibjumio eiry dat. ab». (temp.).

• Bicxcrrfc aor. 3 tg.: BICXOTSTB.

' npMfle aor. 3 tg. : npa[M]TA.

1

yrtirb aor. 3 tg.: yrtntn.

' era aor. 3 tg. : CT»rm.

• (Jpea-t loc. tg. : Open/Optri. ' cvirbai p. a. p. : curten. ' CuCTb aor. J tg. : Gun. 11 ' BVT& aor. Í11tg. : BHXfeTH. " MbioTb pr. J pi. : HUTH. iBomioTbCH pr. 3 pi. : XBOCTtTHCH. y;u»acfl and the following forms BcnoBtfla, Hayim, pete aor. J tg. : ysHBimcfi, •CDOB^nan, RayiHTH, peía. » Bvrtxi aor. 1 tg.: bh^th. " BnyiKio in dot. abt. (temp.). Oairfe acc. pi. : OaRR. " Haaa nom. pi. : Hari. " nHBJiHxycfl imp/. 3 pi. : AJBHTHCt.

8

Annalistie

Literature

III T H E VARANGIAN SAGAS OF THE F I R S T KINGS, OR PRINCES, OF RUSSIA The brief and dramatic sagas of the first Varangian kings, or princes, of Russia, probably disseminated by the Varangians during their travels between Scandinavia and the Byzantine Empire, were introduced into the Chronicle by Sne of its first compilers, perhaps a predecessor of Nestor. Parallel variants of these sagas are to be found in Scandinavian and other sources. (See Ad. StenderPetersen, Die varagersage ah quelle der altrussischen ehronik [Aarhus, 1934].) The following texts are taken from IIojiHoe co6panMe pyccKHX JieToniiceft, Vol. I (Leningrad, 1926), containing the Tales of Bygone Years according to the Codex Laurentianus. 1

The Invitation to the Varangians The controversial passage about the invitation to the Varangian Rus' tribe to rule the Finnish Chuds, the Ilmen'-Slovenians, the Finnish Merians, and the Slavic Krivitchians is probably based upon a typical Scandinavian migratory legend well known throughout Finland and Estonia, where Swedish colonists settled among Finnish and Estonian tribes. It was probably elaborated later in a Varangian milieu in Byzantium under the influence of the Anglo-Saxon legends about the arrival of the Angles and Saxons in Britain (see Stender-Petersen, op. cit., pp. 42 (I.). In Kiev the saga assumed a legitimistic tendency. The legend is entered in the Chronicle under the years 859-62. The names of the three brothers R'urik, Sineus, and Truvor have, in recent times, been interpreted as derived from the Old Scandinavian names Hroerekr, Signiutr, and Thorvadr.

[IIpH3B&HHe BaparoB]

HMaxy naHb BapH3H'» h3t> aaMopbH Ha Hk>ah h Ha C n o B t H t x i , Ha Mepii Ha Bcfex-b KpHBHitxi, a Ko3apnb HMaxy Ha ITojiflH-fcxi h Ha BnTH«rfexT>: HMaxy no G'fcjrfcii rtBepnu-fe orb AMMa... Hainiama* BapnrH sa nope h He «auia* hmi saHH h noHama' caMH bt. CO&fe BOJIOfffeTH. H He BT> HHXT> npaBJUJ, H Bl>CTa 7 pOAT. Ha P0A1>, h Guuia1 bt> hhxi> ycofiHirfc', h BoeBaTH nonaiua caMH Ha en. H p i m a 1 0 caMH b ceC-t: »rioHmeM-b c o 6 i KHflSH, HKte 6u BOJiOff^JTb HaMH h cy«Hjrh no npaByl« H Hffoma11 aa Mope KT> BapHroMi, kt> PycH«. CHue 6o ch aaaxyTb 1 ' th Bapn3H Hen Htn,. fla nowA'tre KHHWHTl1* H BOJlOiffeTH HaMH.« M H3i>6paraa 3 CpaTbH c poau cbohmh h noHina no co6i bcio Pycb h npHAoma: craptHrnHH, PiopHKi, cfcAe HoB-feropo/vfe6, a ApyrHH, CaHeyci, Ha Btjrfeoaep-t, a TperHH Ma6opbCTfe14, TpyBopi. h

1

The Varangian

9

Sagas

H o n r f e n Bapnrb nposBacH PycKaH 3 e n j i n , t h cyn> m o m * Hoyropojpyi o n . poaa BapHJKbCKa, npeme 60 frfcina Cjiob^hh. IIo

flBy

me

jrfcTy"

CraeyCT.

yiipe1*

•

6pan>

ero

TpyBopi,

h

npM1*

PnpHtcfc • p a s A S H Mywem cbomiti. r p a g u : OBOxy I I o J i O T e c i r b , OBOuy Poctobt., n p y r o n y E - f e n o o s e p o . H n o rbm r o p o A o r o c y r b h u o x h i q i " Bapfl8Hf, a n e p b B H H HaceJitHHaH" bi> H o B - f e r o p o f f f c C n o r f e H e , bi n o j i o r w r r t "

BJiacTb

K p H B H i H , bt» P o c r o B - f e M e p H , bt. B i j r f e o a e p ' f e B e e t ,

bt. M y p o i r t

Mypoiia.

H rfeiiH BcfexH o6naAaine" P»piiKT>. 1 n u i r imp/. 3 pi. : m a n . * BapHM nam. pi.: u p H n . * n i r u i D i aor. 3 pi.: •air[i)HaTm. * «una am. 3 pi. : n a n . * noiama aor. 3 pi. : n o i a n . ' to imp/. (oar.) 3 tg. : 6 i n . ' BiCTa aor. 3 tg. : B%c[c)Tan. * Ouma aor. 3 pi. : S u n . • ycoOnrb nam. pi. : ycoOnu. " p-fcma aor. 3 tg. : p c m . " MAoma aor. 3 pi. : mrm. 11 u " asaiyTb - asaxy imp/. 3 pi. : a[i]san. khhhmti tup. HsOopbcrfc loe. tg. • HBOopfcCKi. " jrfcry loc. du. : jrkTO. " yvpe aor. 3 tg. : yuepen. " n p u and 11 tbe following paanaii aor. 3 tg.: npaim, pasnajrn. HaxojtBnpi nom. pi.: HaxoflibjHMKi. " HacuifcHMm nom. pi. : BacenbBaxv ** nonoTbCrt loc. tg. : noaoncKV " oOaaxame imp/. 3 tg. : otaanan.

• The term "Varangian" (Scandinavian 'oaring-) was originally tbe designation for a primitive Scandinavian trading company In Russia, but at the time the Chronicle was being complied the meaning of this name In Russian wss extended to Scandinavians In general. It Is very probable that tbe Scandinavian population In Finland and Estonia had expanded Into the territories of the Slavs and Finns mentioned In the saga. t> Khazars, a Turkish people wbo formed an Independent state on the Volga with Sarkel as Its capital. ® It has been assumed that the expression to the Rut' In this passage must have been a later addition made by the compiler of the Chronicle In defense of the theory of the Scandinavian origin of the tribal name Rut'. The opposite may be true. In reproducing this saga, tbe compiler may have felt tbe necessity of underlining tbe fact that the Rut' here mentioned were not to be confused with the Klevan Rut' of his time, but were the Varangian, 1. e., Scandinavian Rut". d The enumeration of tbe Varangian peoples Is based upon the typical Byzantine concept of the Varangian guard In Constantinople as consisting of Swedes, Norwegians, Angles (L e., Anglo-Danes expelled from England by the Normans), and Goths (from Gotland). * According to other annallstic sources, R'urlk settled In Ladoga before moving to Novgorod, Slneus settled among the Vepsians In the region of Lake Beloje Ozero, and Truvor settled among the Chuds In the region of Izborsk, south of Lake Pelpus. f This passage reflects the gradual expansion of the Rus' along the rivers leading from tbe Baltic Sea Into tbe region of the sources of the rivers Dvlna, Dnieper, and Volga.

2 The Occupation of Kiev by Askol'd and Dir The first narrative of the southward expansion of the Scandinavian Bus' tribe from Ladoga, or Novgorod, and of the first taking of Kiev, is entered under the year 862. The names of its heroes, Askol'd and Dir, reflect the Scandinavian names Hdskuldr

and

Dyri.

[Ackojii>a • 1

s&hhm&iot Kbcb]

H Gflcra y PiopHKa 2 x y m a He mieMeHH ero hh ConpHHa». H Ta acnpocHcracfl* ho IJapiorpaAy ct. poflom. cbohmi h n0H«0CTa' no fltrfenpy. M «ayMe4 mhmo h yap-fecTa* na r o p i rpa^OKT. h ynpamacra* h p-fecrra':

10

Annalistic

Literature

»HHH ce r p a f l o i n . ? « OHH w e

ptma':

• B u n a cyn>* 3 6pan>H K H H , m e m . , X O P H B I B , a w e CKfenama rpawoKO-cb 1 ' R

HarnOoma 1 1 . H M U CFCOHTRB nnaTHie 1 * G A S H P O A O M > E X T . AcKOJibai w e H

flapi.

Koaapoin>c.«

o c r a c r a 1 ' B I rpafl-fc cenb B MHOTH B a p a r a CKynHCTa

H Hanacra BJiaatTH n o j i b C K O » 3eMJieio d , PiopHKy w e KHHwanyr 1 * BT> H o r t r o pOfft. 1 OncTa imp/. 3 du.: OUTB. ' HcnpocHCTacH aor. 3 du. : HcnpoCHTBCfl. • noanoCTa aor. 3 pi. DOHTH. • unyie pr. a. p., rum. pi. : rim. ' yapiCTa aor. 3 du. : yap'FCTA. ' p^ma aor. i pi. : • ynpamacra aor. 3 du. : ynpamara. ' p-tcra aor. 3 du. : pema. peiuM. ' Oujia cyn> p. periphr. 3 du. : CUTB " rpajiOKO-Cb noun + dem. prim. 11 aaraOoma aor. 3 pi. : •araOHyra. u ocracra " njiaTHie pr. a. p., nam. pi. : njiaTBTB. and the following forms in the same passage CKynHCTa, aanacTa aor. 3 du.: o c r a n , c(i)KynaTa, HaiaTB. " PiopaKy KHHmamy dot. abi. (temp.).

a The assumption that only members of the R'urlk family were entitled to rule Russia is characteristic of the legitimists tendency of the Chronicle, a tendency which reflects concepts typical of the dynastic claims of the Kievan kings, or princes, after Jaroslav. b The origin of these names has not yet been finally explained. They are, in any case, neither of Russian nor of Scandinavian origin. c An Indication that the brothers may have been Khazars. d The land of the Polians.

3 Askol'd's and D i r t Raid on Constantinople T h e saga is the first n a r r a t i v e a b o u t the V a r a n g i a n e x p a n s i o n t o w a r d B y z a n t i u m and Constantinople. I t is based on historical facts (see A l e x a n d e r A . V a s i l i e v , The Russian

Attack

on Constantinople

and is introduced into the Chronicle

[Hoxoa

in 860, C a m b r i d g e , Mass., 1946, p p . 177-182) under the y e a r 866.

AcKOJib^a H

ftnpa

na

I^aptrpan]

H n e 1 ACKOJIBAI> H JJupi Ha TpeKH, H npmiaoina [ P y c b ] B I xanjia uapn»,

14

.TFETO

uapio w e oTmeAuiio 1 Ha OrapHHbi b . H Aouienmio e x y '

MH-

H e p Hue

P%KH«, BtcTb e n a p x i d nocjia K I HeMy, HKO: » P y c b Ha I J a p b r o p o a i H

HAerb.«

BpaTHCH u a p b .

Ch

w e BHyTpb

BT> ABOK)

CyAyc Biuenuie IJapbrpaAb

e r y KopaSjib«

MHoro y6HHCTB0 KpecrbHHom. CTBopnuia

h

ocTyiwuia.

U a p b w e e«Ba HT> r p a a i BHHfle5 H C I n a T p e n p x o M i CT> oTbeMT> KT» c y m e « UepKBH CBHT^H EoropoAHU%*

BjiaxepH-fe'f,

Ta

BoropoAHua'

wb

GowecTBeHyio

CBHTUH

H BCIO HOmb MOJiHTBy pway

HaHecbuie',

BI

cTBOpuuia, ptny

OMO-

HHBiiie 10 . THiHHH-fc c y m H 1 1 Mopio yKpoTHBunocH 1 *, a6be 6 y p n B-bCTa c-b BisTpoMi., H BOJMAMI» B E N B H M I B I C T A B I U H M B 1 '

aaco6b, 6ea6owHi>ixi> P y c n n o p a 6 j i b CMRTG 1 *

H KT. Cepery n p H B e p w e " , H H36H H " , 6irHyTH. H B I CBOfl CH BiaBpaTHinacH.

HKO Majio HXT> OTT, TAKOBUN OiAbi H3-

The

Varangian

11

Sagas

1 m e aor. 3 tg. Instead of expected Bnocra aor. 3 du. : a n . 1 qapa> onnejmno dot. ab*. (temp.)' nomennno eMy dot. ab*. (temp.). * HopaOnb gen. pi. : Rop»Ojn>. • B B K e aor. 3 *g. : B [ i ) H m . * CBfrrta B o r o p o ; w k gen. tg. * B f l a x e p r t loc. tg- : BjiaxepHa. ' Cbhtlih Eoropoa»ua gen. tg. ' BSHecinie p. a. p., nom. pi. : • s H e c n . 11 u Mopn >• 0M0 nOJiH, « HAHme 7

ki

r p a a y . H BHHiBiue r p e q n h ' y G o n m a c n ' . H p-feuia BucjiaBiue k o OjiroBH: »He noryCjiHH rpama I HMeMi.cn noaaTH, HKOH b o h . H BUHecoma eMy CpauiHO h b h h o , h He n p n n e r o , 6 4 6o ycTpoeHO co OTpaBOw. H yCSoHiuacH Tpeuu h p-fcuia: » H t c T b ce O j i e n , ho ^MHTpeu° n o c j i a m . Ha h u " o n . Cora.« H aanoB'faAa O j i e n . naHb flanTH Ha n o p a 6 j i b no 12 r p u B e H i Ha HeJioB-fem,, a BI KopatoiH no 40 Mywb. H n u i a c n 1 1 TpeuH MHpa npocHTH, a a 6 u He BoeBajn. r p e u K t i e 3eMJiH . . .

H pewe Onen>: »MmHTe n a p y c u naBOJioiHTii P y c H , a C:i0BeH0Mi> KponHiibHUH.«* H GucTb 1 * TaKO. H noB'fccH i u h t t . c b o h b i B p a r f c n > n o x a a y n n o 6 t A y •

M nowfle o r b I ^ a p H r p a a a . M y c n H u i a " P y c b n a p y c u naBOJiOKHTU, a CnoBeHe KponHHHu, h p a s n p a a 1 4 B-fcTpx, h p t m a C h o b c h h :

The

Varangian

Saga»

13

» H M e n c H c t o m Toncnoaain*. He n a m c y n CnoBeHom n p t " . « H n p u n e O j i e n . K* KiieBy, Been snaTO • naBOJiOKK H OBOIIPI • n i l BCHKoe y a o p o i b e . H npoaB&ma Oara Bibufuu*.

•

I nofl aor. 3 *g.: D o m . * M imp/. 3 tg.: S u n . • saMKoma aor. 3 pi. : 8aM(i]KHyT*. < many and the following forms In the same sentence nockicaxy, nyiaxy, ptcTp^mxy, BMeraxy, Taopiixy imp/. 3 pi. : muirn, n o c k « , MyHira, paJclcrpluiMT«, B(xJnecTa, TBopaxa. • Ouanno noKocHy rtxpy dot. abt. (caut.). • » c a n aor. 3 tg. : B i c w m . ' nwtme imp/, aor. 3 $g. : M . ' • aee. tg-: o n . * ySomnacfl aor. 3 pi.: yOOHTmcfl. " BU aee. 11 u pi. : mi. unacx aor. 3 tg.: irracfl. " Oucn oar. 3 ig. : Ours. yenmna — • u m m j i aor. 3 pi. : l u m n i . >* a — H ace. pi. : OH* pron. " npk — n p n nom. pi. : nbpn.

• The Oolden Horn between Constantinople and Oalata, a suburb of Constantinople. In time of war, the Oolden Horn was closed by a chain stretched between its two towers. t> An old Mediterranean stratagem, here necessitated by the closing of the Oolden Horn. c The reference to St. Demetrius is incorrect. He was the tutelary saint of Salonlkl, to whom the Oreeks ascribed their victory over the Bulgars when the latter besieged Salonika In 1040. The tutelary saint of the Varangians was St. Olaf. The Oreeks apparently compared Oleg to St. Demetrius. 4 The distinction between the Rus' and the Slays can hardly be based upon the opposition between the Southern (Russian) Slavs and the Northern (Ilmen') Slays, but reflects rather the opposition between the Scandinavian Rus' and the Slavs. It Is known that paooloka In Old Russian means "silk" or "velvet," whereas kropina may mean an expensive but weak textile. Unfortunately, the precise meaning of this word Is not known. (See V. F. Rilga, " O TKaHflxi no-MOHroJibCKOft P y c i " , Stasia, Vol. IV (Prague 1932), pp. 399-416). • The Slavs preferred their own primitive sailcloth. f A cognomen Indicative of Oleg's pagan wizardry.

6 Oleg's Death T h e s a g a is b a s e d u p o n t h e f a m i l i a r m e d i e v a l m i g r a t o r y motif of t h e misi n t e r p r e t e d p r o p h e c y of d e a t h , here a d a p t e d t o P r i n c e Oleg. I t a p p e a r s in t h e Chronicle a t t h e end of t h e e n t r y u n d e r t h e y e a r 912.

[(¡MepTfc O i e r a ] H Hawmne

1

Onera,

MHpi> HIRFEFL KO s c f e m ERPAHAMI, KHHWH BT> KHES-FE.

H npHcrrfe o c e m . , H NOMHHY* O n e r a KOHB CBOR, i w e frfe nocTaBHjn.* KopMHTH H HE BCRFEFLATH HA HI» 4 , 6 *

y i r t CH 7 , p e i e : »HHKonRwe Benny Ha Hb, HH BHWIO ero Cone Toro.« H n o B e j r t KOPMHTH H* H He BO«HTH ero KT> HeMy. H

n p e C u * HIIKOJIHKO j r f e n . He BHAH e r o , AOHAEWE HA T p e K U HFLE. H

npa-

i n e f f i u y e M y 1 0 KT> K u e B y H n p e C u B i m n 4 JRFETA, HA m r r o e JI^TO noMHHy KOHB,

o n Hero>i KOHb moh, erowe Oht. w e

6txi

nocTaBHjn»14 Kopmrra h 6jik>cth ero?
ecrb.< Oiien. we nocM-fencH h ynopH KyaecHHKa peKa: 1 ' »To th HenpaBO rjiaroJUOTb bojiicbh, ho bch jiohm> ecTb: Koub yMepjii ecn>, a H JKHBT.« H noBeJrfc ocfefljiaTH KOHb:

»A TO BHWIO KOCTH eroll

H npHHAe Ha Micro, HA^we 6-ferna Jiewame" kocth ero rojiu h jio6t» rojib, h c c t n e " ct. kohh, h nocM^HCH pene: »On. cero jih j i 6 a cMbpTb 6ujio bshth MH-fc?«

M BiCTynn Horoio Ha jio6i . H BblHHKHy B1I1H 3MHH H30 Ji6a h yKJuoHy1' bi Hory, h c i Toro paa6oJitcn

h yMpe. H njiaKamacH jhoahc bch njiaieMi BejiHKHMt h Hecouia h Ha r o p i ,

ewe

r j i a r o J i e T b C H II(eKoeuifa.

CJIOBeTb MOiblACL

EcTb w e

MorHJia e r o

norpe6ouia

h cero a h h ,

ero —

OAbiOSa.

H CucTb Bcfexi. jrtTb hiihwchhh ero 33. 1 1 WHBflme imp/. 3 tg. : huith. DOMflBy aor. 3 tg. : noHHHyTH. * Ot nocTaBuni 4 p. periph. : imp/, (aor.) 3 tg. Guth + p. a. p. : nocraBHTH. na Hb prep. Ha + ace. *g. : ohi. * 6-b BinpamaJii p. periph. : imp), (aor.) 3 sg. : Guth + p. a. p. : BinpamaTH.

' npHHHi p. a. p. : npHHTH.

' ch dat. (pot».) tg., reflex, pron.

' H acc. pron.

• apeOu

11 aor. 3 tg. : npeCuTH. " npmnejuny euy H.. . npeCbiB-bmy dot. abs. (temp.). OnxyTb 11 peKJIH p. periph. : imp/. 3 pi. : Guth + p. a. p. : peniH. bojicbh nom. pi. : bojixbi. KOBIOXOMT. dat. poos. " G-bxi nocTaBBJii p. periph.: imp/, (aor.) 1 tg. : Guth + p. a. p.: nocraBBTH. " peKa p. a. p. : peon. " G-fema Jiemaine p. periphr. : imp/, (aor.) 3 pi. : Guth + pr.a.p.: JiemaTH. " ccbne aor. 3tg.: c(i]c6cth. " yKjiioHy aor. 3 tg. : yKJiiOHyTH.

7 The Assassination of Igor Based upon the rivalry between Prince Igor's retinue and that of another Varangian prince, Sven'ld, or Sveneld (Scandinavian Svemaldr), the saga ends with the violent death of Igor, provoked by his spoliation of the Dereva tribe (Derevlians). The saga is related under the year 944. [ySaficTBO H r o p a ] Bi

c e w e ji-frro p e n o i i i a 1 npywHHa MropeBH:

»OrpouH* HaSH*.

IlOHflH,

CBtHbJiiwH*»

H30«-fejiHCH

K H f l W e , CT> HaMH

Bl>

cyTb

flaHb, « a H

opywbeMi

TH

h

flogyfleiuH

nop™*,

a

Mbl

H Mull

H nocjiyuia h x i Hropb. Hfle bi JJepeBa b i jjaHb, h npHMbiuiJimue* kt> nepBOH « a n « , h H a c H J i m n e ' hmi, h Mywn ero; B03>eMaBi' «aHb, noHAe bi rpafli> cboh. H f l y m e we eMy B i c n H T b , p a a M b i c j i H B i , peie ApywHHi C B o e a :

»HA^Te CT. A^HbiO AOMOBH, a fl B03T>BpamK)CH, noxowio h eme.« IlyCTH APyWHHy CBOIO AOMOBH, Cb MajIOMl we ApyWHHU BOSlBpaTHCH, wejiaH Gojibiua HNrfenbn.

The Varangian

Sagas

15

CrannaBine we nepeBJiAHe, hko omrn> m e n . , CAyxaBme co nanaem, CBomn. Manom:>> •Ante CH BlBSARTb BOJIK1 Bl> OBIffc*, TO BUHOCHTb BC6 CT&AO, a m e y6biOTi> e r o . TaKO • c e : ante He y6bem> e r o , t o Bee b h " n o r y O i m . . «

He

H nocjiama m> Hetty, rjiarojiwme: »IIOHTO HAemH onflTb? IIoHMajn» ecH 1 1 bcio naHb.«

H He nocnyma hxt> Hropb. H BiimeAiiie H3i> rpama hc KoptcrfeHH flepeBJiHHe yfiHiiia HropH h ApywHHy ero; 6% 60 Hxb xano. H norpe6ein> CucTb Hropb. H ecTb iiorana ero y McKopicrfeHHC rpama b i ^epeB-fexi h ao cero AHed. 1 peKoma aor. 3 pi. : pemm/pein. ' oTpoaa nom. pi. : otpokv ' CFkHuiMai adj. post., nom. pi. : CBtHbJiAi. ' nopni inilr. pi. : nopTu — nipni. ' Ha3B nom. pi. : Hart. ' npHMunuiflme imp/. 3 sg. : npnoiCJim. ' aacuuime imp/. 3 $g. : l a c u n n . 1 BoaieMasi p. a. p. : BoaieMaTi/BiaraaTB. • obij-6 acc. pi. : 0B(b)na. " hu — Haci ace. pi., pron. 1 pi. " noraani eci p. periphr. : p. a. p. : n o u a n + pr. i tg. : Cum.

• Sveneld refers here to a Varangian prince operating independently of Igor. b Mai as used here is probably the name of the Derevlian prince. However, we do not exclude the possibility that the word should be regarded as an adjective, in which case It could represent the Scandinavian concept tnia-konungr, " a small king." c The name appears In two variant forms: Korotten' and ¡tkorotten'. Both of them are possessive adjectives implying the noun ropoai/rpajri. The former can be derived from the Scandinavian personal name Kar(l)ttein. d The fact that Igor's tomb was situated near the town of KoroatJn' seems to indicate that he himself was the Derevlian prince.

8 Olga's Revenge The story of the revenge of Princess Olga, or Helga, Prince Igor's widow, is related in a series of sagas. They comprise one continuous narrative entered under the years 944 and 946. According to D. S. Lixacov, PyccKHe JieTOnHCH h hx KyjibTypHO-HCTopHHecKoe BHaweHHe (Moscow-Leningrad, 1947), pp. 132 IT., the first three are based upon the misinterpretation on the part of the Derevlians of the equivocal meaning of the words "boat," " b a t h , " and "funeral repast" (jiOAbH, 6aHH, TpH3Ha) as symbols of death. The fourth saga is based upon a familiar Byzantine-Mediterranean stratagem, also encountered in Scandinavian legends. [1-&h MecTb O a b m [ 1

Bojibra me 6ume' bt> KneB-fe cb cuhomi, c i frfcTCKOMb CBHTOCJiaBOMb, h KopMHJieub ero AcMy«b», h BoeBOja 6% CBiHejifli, Tome OTeub MHCTHHiHHb'. P-feuia we flepeBJiHHe: »Ce KHH3H y6HXOMb< pycKaro. IIoHMe»n> meHy ero BoJibry aa KHH3b cboh MaJiib h CBHTOCJiaBa, h ctbophmi eniy, HKOHte xomeMb.« M no&nauia flepeBJiHHe jiywbiiiHe My>KH wwcjiOMb 20 bi> JiOAbH kt> Ojibst. M npHCTauia nojb EopnMeBbiMbc Bb jio«bH . . . H noB-fcaama Ojib3t hko:

16

Annalistic

Literature

»flepeajiHHe npHAoma.« H BOSBa e* Ojibra KT. c o d H peie HMT>: •Jto6pH roerbe npH^oma 1« H p-bma flepeBJiHHe: •IIpHfloxoin., KHHrHHe.« M pene Hin> Ojibra: »fla rnarojieTe, ITO paAH npHflocre* EFEMO?« P-fcina we flepe&JiHHe: •IlocJia HU flepeBhcna 3eMJin, pbnyme cane: 'Myma TBoero yCHXoin., Game 6 0 Mywb TBOH a«H BOJIKT., BocxHiuafl H rpa6n, a uamH KHHBH no6pa cyn., Hwe pacnacjiH cyn. 7 ¿{epeBbCKy 3 e M J i i o f f a noman 3a KHHSB Bgna, aa M A M . 1« B t 6 0 HMH eHy Maj», KHH3IO AepeBbcuy. Peie we HMT» Ojibra: >JIio6a MH ecTb p t i b Bauia. Ywe u n i Myma CBoero He Kpicmv. Ho XOHU BU noMTHTR HayrpaH npeAT> JIK>AI>mh CBOKMH. A HUHe HfffcTe BT. JIOHMO CBOIO, 1 H jiHsirre' BT> jioAbn BEJIHIAJOMECH. H aai yrpo nocjuo* no BU ', BU we pbirfeTe11: 'He ^flem. Ha Koirbxi», RH irfemn ha^mi, HO noHeebTe11 HU1* BI JIOJXBR I * H BIAHECYTB BU BI> NONBH.T

H OTnycTH H14 BT» Jiogbio. Ojibra we noBejrt HCKonaTR HMy BeJiHKy H rjiy6o«y Ha w o p i TepenbcrtMb 1 ', BTRFE rpajia. H sayrpa Bojibra, ct^nm« BT. Tepeirfe, nocna no rocTH. H npHAoma KT» HHMT> , rjiarojiwme: »3oBeTb BU Ojibra Ha lecrb BEJIHKY.« OHH we p'fcrna: »He -fenem. Ha K O H H X I , HH Ha BOA-BXI, HH IRBNIH H A E M , — noHecfeTe HU BL JIOABH !«

Pima we KnHHe: »Ham. HeBOJin: KHaab Hauib y6bem., a KHHTHHH Kama xoneTb aa Bamb KHH3b.« H noHecouia H BT. jiogbH. OHH we efcflaxy 1 ' BT> nepen>64xT>, BI BejiHKHXi cyeryraxi, ropsnuqecH. H npHHecouia H Ha ABopi KT, Onbai. H Hecbiue BpHHyma e " BT. HMy R CT, jiogbeio. RIPHHHKT,MH Ojibra H peie HMT>: »floSpa JIH BU1' necTb?« OHH we piuia: »ILYMH H U 1 ' MropeBU CMepTH.« H noBejrfe aacunaTH n W H B U . H nocunania H.

[2-aa MecTb Oxini] II nouiaBuiH Ojibra KT, ¿(epeBJiflHOMT, pene HMT>: »fla ante MH npociiTe npaBo, TO npninjiHTe Mywa" uapoiHTH'1, s a BT. BENHICFE" W T H " npHAy aa Bamb KHHSb, e«a He nycTHTb MeHe n»Abe KaeBbCTRH".«

Ce CJiuuiaBine flepeBJiHHe, coGpamacn jiyHbiune mjikh, awe nepbwaxy JJepeBbCKy 3eMJiio, H nowiauia no HK>".

The Varangian Sagas

17

AepABJiHHO» me npHmeAunran*', noBeirk Ojn>ra MOBI> c n o p r n , pbKyme*' e m e : »HamiBinecH npaflaTe KO u r l . I OBH ME nepembroma" HCTonny, H B-urtaoma" FLEPEBJIHAE, aaqama CH IOJTH; a s a n p o m a " o u n BcioOMcy* 1 . H noBejrfe a amena H OTI FFBEPSH. Ty Barop'fema BCH. [3-ba H

Meen»

Orara]

n o e n a [ O j i b r a ] KT> ^EPEBJMHOM>, PBKYNIB CHUE:

»Ce y w e HAy KT> Barn.! fla npacrpoHTe MENÚ MHOIH B I rpaurfe, Hflewe yOHCTe" xyrna ítoero, fla nonjiaiiocii HAJN» rpo6oin> ero H CTBOP» TpuaHy xyHuo CBoeny.« OHH me, CJOimaBme, c i B e f l o m a " MENÚ MHORH A-tno [H] B-iaBapama. Oflbra me, NOHMAUI" XAJM apymaHU, jiertKO BAyina, npiiAe KT> rpoóy ero H nnaKacH no MymH C B o e n . H noBejrfe JnoAetrb CBOHMI c i c y m Morany BejiHKy, H HKO c o c n o m a " , noBejrfe TpuaHy TBOPHTH . Iloceiái cfcffoma" ^epeBJiHHe n a m , H noBeJrfe Oju>ra OTPOKON CBOBMI CJiywBTa apear. HHMH. H p'fama ^epesjiHHe KT> OJibró": »Kfffc cyn> npymaua aama, M M E nocJiaxoMT." no TH"?« OHa >«e peie: »H«yn» no HHÍ CI apymiHOio Myma Moero.« H HKO ynamacH JJepeBJMHe, noBejrfc OTPOKOMI. CBOHMI naTB aa HH", • c a v a OTO une apoirfe H noBejrt ApyjKajrfe CBoea efcqH JJepeBJiHHe. H acbKoma HIT, 5,000. H Oiibra BOSBPATHCH KaeBy a npacTpoa BOB HA npoKi a x i .

[ 4 - a a H6CT& O r a r a ] O j i b r a CT. CUHOMI» CBOHIH. CBHTOCJIUOIÍI c o 6 p a BOB «HORA H x p a 6 p u A

Hfle Ha flepeBtcKy 3eMJi». H HSHAoma flepeBJiHHe npoTHBy, B cmeMimeMacH 41 oC-fcMa noJiKoiia HacKynb, c y H y " Kom>eni CBHTOCJiaBi Ha ^epeBAflHU, a «oribe Jierfe CKBOrt yma KOHEBH" a y«apH BT> HOITI KoaeBH, 6 I 6o [CBHTOcJiaBi n^Tecm]. H p e i e CntHeJwt a ACMOJIAI:* »KHHSb yme noMajn.; noTHrrtTe", npymnHa, no KHHSÍI« H no6%nama ^epeBJiam.. ¿JepeBJiHHe me noCtroma H aaTBopauiacH BT, r p a f f t x i . CBOHXI. Oabra me ycrpeMacH CT. CUHOMT. CBOHMI. Ha HcKopocrhHb rpaffi>> HKO r b e " 6nxy yCaJia 4 * Myma en, a era OKOJIO rpa#a CT> CIJHOMI CBOHMI, a AepeBJMHe aaTBopHmacH BT. rpa^b a 6opnxycH 47 np-fenno aai> rpa^a, Bijrfexy 6o, HKO caMH yCajia KHH3H, H Ha Tro CH npeaaTa. H CTOH Onbra JTÍTO a He Morname*' B3HTH rpama. H ywucjia caqe. ITocna KO rpaoy, rnaronionvi: >HTO xonere Aocfevfeni? A BCH rpana Bama npenamaca HHÍ H HHHCH no AAHB, H fffejiaioTb HHBIJ CBOH H aeMJrfe4' CBOH. A BU xoieTe aainiepeTH r j i a f l o m , He HMyMecH" no AaHb?« ¿JepeBJiHHe me peKOina: •PaAH CH 6UXOMI> HAH" no AAHB, HO xon;ema Mbu^aTa Myma cBoero.«

18

Annalistic

Literature

P e i e w e mn> O j i t r a HKO: » A a i MbCTHJia y w e o 6 « n y Mywa CBoero, Korna npHAOiua K a e B y , H BTopoe, H TpeTbee, norAa TBOPHXT. Tpbi3Hy M y w e B H 5 ' CBOeMy; a y w e H e XOIOIO MbmaTH, HO xoimo flaHb HMATH noMajiy, H CMHPHBUIHCH CT. BAMH n o u s y onHTb.« PeKOiiia w e flepeBJMHe : »HTO xomeuiH y Haci.? PaAH aaeMT. MeaoMT. H cnopoio.« OHa m e p e i e HMI: • H u n t y B a c i H-fecTb Meay, HH cnopu, HO Majio y Baeb npoiuio: jaHTe MH OTI> RBopa n o 3 BopoObH; aai 60 He xomio TNWBKH naHH BI3JIOWHTH, HKome H Mywb MOH; c e r o npomio y B a c i Majio, Bbi 60 ecTe HaiHeMorjiH BT> ocaffb.« flepeBJiHHe m e , panw 6biBuie, H coGpama o r b ABopa no 3 rojiyCw H n o 3 Bopo6bH H nocjiauia KT> Ojib3"fe c i N0KJI0H0MI. B o J i b r a " w e pewe HMT>: >Ce y w e ecTe nonopHJiHCfl M H % H MoeMy AtTHTH ! A HFL-tTe BT. rpaAi>, a H 8ayTpa oTerynaio on» r p a a a H noHAy BT> rpaflo-cb M flepeBJiHHe w e , paflH 6 u B i u e , B H H n o u i a BT. rpaAT. H noB-fenauia JDOACMI. M O6PAAOBAIUACH JNOGBE BT. rpaA'fc. B o n t r a w e , p a s n a n BoeM-b n o r o j i y 6 n KOMywAO, a ApyrHMT. n o BopoGbeBH, H noBeJrfe KT> KOMYWAO r o j i y 6 n N HI Bopo6beBH ripHBuabiBaTH iffepb, o 6 e p r a Bawme BT. nnaTKH MaJibi, HHTT.KOK> noBepabiBaiome KT> KoeMywAO HXI. M noBen-fc O j i b r a , HKO cMepwecH", nycTHTH roJiyCw H Bopo6bH B o e m CBOHMT.. roJiyCn w e H BopoObeBe nojie-rfciua BT. RHT3AA CBOH, OBH BT. rojiy6bHHKH, BpaGbeBe w e XIOAT. CTPTXH; H Ta«o B i a r a p a x y c n rojiyGbHHUH, OBO KJI^TH, OBO B e w f c " , OBO JIH OAPMHU, H He (VFC ABopa, HFL-feme He ropnrne, H He 6 4 JIBAT racHTH, BCH 60 ABOPH Bi3rop-femacH. M no6"ferouia jiioAbe H3T. r p a f l a . M noBe^-fe O n b r a BoeMT. CBOHMT. HMATH e " . H K O BSH rpaaT., H n 0 3 b w e " H " ; CTAPTMUHHU w e rpaAa HAIHHMA, H n p o n a n JIIOAH OBUXT. H36H, a APJTHH paSorfc npeAacTb MyweMi CBOHMT., a npoKT> HXT> ocTaBH nnaTHTH A^Hb. M BT>3JIOWH 11a H H " A^HB THWBKY: 2 iacTH AaHH HAeTa' 0 K u e B y , a TpeTbHH BbiiueropoAy KT. Ojiba-fe; 6t 60 BbimeropoAT. r p a a i BoJibSHHT.' 1 . M HAe BoJibra no flepbBbcrfcH" 3eMJiH CT> CUHOMT. CBOHMT. H CI ApywHHO», ycTaBJimouiH ycTaBbi H ypoKH. H cyn> CTaHOBHma e f c " H jioBHiiia. M npwAe BT. r p a A i CBOH KHCBI CI CBIHOUB CBOHMT. CBHTOCJI8BOMI, H n p e 6bIBDIH jrfcTO 1

eAHHO.

1 BoJibra «= OJibra. (tame imp/. 3 sg. : CUTH. * MBCTBOIHHI adj. poss.: Mucrmma. 1 ' yCHXOMi. a or. J pi. : yCHTH. e — H acc. pi. : OHI. ' npHflocTe aor. 2 du. : npHHTH. ' pacnacnH cyTb p. periphr. : p. a. p. : pacnacTH + pr. 3 pi. : CUTH. ' jiHSBTe imp. 2pI. : " pbtrbTe jiema/neMH. ' nocjiio pr. 1 sg. : noc(i)jiaTH. " BU - Baci acc. pi. imp. 2 pi. : peum/pe>tE. " noBectre imp. 2 pi. : noHecTB. " HU •= Baci acc. pi. 14 H acc. pi. : OHt. " TepcMbcrtMb loc. sg. : TepeMbCKi. cfcftnxy imp/. J pi. : cbnfrTB. " e = H acc. pi. : OHI. " BU = BaM-b dal. pi. BU •= BAMI Dat. pi. " Myma M acc. pi. : Mywb. " napoHBTB mistake for HapoHBTu. BenHirS log. eg. : BeiiBKa. u " HTB loc. sg.: HbCTb. " KaeBbCTBB nom. pi.: KaeBbCHi.. no uio prep. + acc. sg.: OHa. " HepeBjinHOMT.. . . npHiues'bmBM'b dat. abs. (temp.). " pbKyiue pr. a. p. : peiH/peum. nepewbronia aor. 3 pi. : nepe»:eiB/-H]naTB. " Tn acc.: m. •• an acc. pi.: OHI. " CT,HEMT,meMacH p. a. p., dat. du. : CMMTBCH. 0 cyay

19

The Varangian Sagas

aor. 3 tg.: c y H y m . " Koaesa dot. tg. : KOHt. ** n o i m a t i e imp. t pi. : nomraJTU. " The nom. pi.: TT.(n) d«m. pron. " Only yOana p. pertphr.: imp/. J pi. : d u n + p. act. part. : yOrra. " Oopnxycn and the following form In the same sentence r b f f t x y imp/. 3 pi. : OopoTicH, B'SH'STB. " Momame imp. 3 tg. : MOIB. " aeiurk ace. pi.: aemui. *• HMyiecH pr. a. p., nom. pi. : HTHCH. " EN Obixom ana periphr. oond. 1 pi. : HTBCH. M a i e p i e c H aor. 3 tg.: C(i)w>PKHTTICH. " iiymeBH dot. tg. : Mymb. » B ojibra - Ojibra. " noafcme — nowiHte aor. 3 tg. : nomema. " BeHfb nom. pt. : Bewa. " e — H OCC. pi. : OWH. • acc. tg. : o m . " HH aec. pi. : OHT,. " HjjeTa imp. 3 du. : HTM. " BojibsaHi — OJibSHHi adj. pott. : Ojibra. " .HepbBbcrtii dot. tg., det. : ZlepeBbCfrb. " efc gen. tg. : oaa. * Amud represents the Scandinavian name Atmundr. Sv&ield is here introduced as the father of a certain Mlstlsa (probably derived from the name Mstislav), who must have been more famous than his father when the Chronicle was being compiled. b Mai Is not necessarily the Derevlian prince's personal name. T h e author later finds it necessary to emphasize that it Indeed was his name. c Boriievo, a place near K i e v , d Asmold, obviously identical with Asmud.

9 Olga's Baptism in Constantinople T h e n a r r a t i v e of the b a p t i s m of P r i n c e s s under

Olga

in C o n s t a n t i n o p l e ,

the y e a r 955, is b a s e d u p o n the ironical c o n c e p t of

e n a m o r e d E m p e r o r J o h n Tzimisces (in r e a l i t y E m p e r o r C o n s t a n t i n e genitus)

as c o n t r a s t e d w i t h

the s a g a c i t y

of P r i n c e s s

entered

the f a t u i t y of

the

Porphyro-

Olga.

[ O w a B IJapbrpage] Mfle

Ojibra

LJ-fciibCKHflB. H

BT> T p e K H NPRAE

H cMucjieHy, yAHBHBicn »noAo6Ha

H npime

llapiorpaay».

M> HEMY O j i b r a , H B H A ^ B I

uapb

Ei

IO'

p a a y M y e n , 6ecfcflOBa K I

ecH UAPCTBOBATH BT> r p a f f f c c t

Tor«a

1

flo6py

uapb

cyuyo

HMHHeMb

A-TJIO

HEH H p e r n , *

MMEM.

es:

HaMH.«

OH a m e , p a s y M ^ B i u n , pewe KO u a p i o : »Aai

noraHa

ecMb.

A me JIH HH, TO He H nymeio

fla

a me MH xomerna

KpecTHTH, TO KpecTH MH

can.

Kpenyocn.«

KpecTH io u a p b CT> n a T p e a p x o M i I I p o c B - f e m e H a w e G U B I I D H , p a j i O B a m e c H R rfejiOMb. H

»BjiarocnoBeHa

noynn

TU

io n a T p e a p x i

BT> m e H a x i

o B-fep-fe H p e i e

pycmixi,

en:

B03JIK>6H4

HHO

CBirb,

a

Tbuy

OCTaBH I EnarOCJIOBHTH TH XOTHTb CblHOBe pyCTHH* H B l nOCJrfcffHHH p O f l l BHyKT» TBOUXL.« H

aanoB-feaa e n o U E P K O B H O M I Y C T A B I ,

o MOJIHTBT H O n o c r f e , o

MHJIOCTHHH

H o Bt3Aep>KaHbH rfcjia HHCT3. O H a w e , IIOKJIOHHBIIIH r j i a B y , CTOHiue AKH r y 6 a HananeMa, BHHMaiotuH y q e H b a .

H

noKJioHHCH n a T p e a p x y ,

rnarojuonm:

»MOJIHTBaMH TBOHMH, BJISLAblKO, ffa CXpaHeHa 6 y n y OTb cfcTH HenpHflSHbHU ! « B-fe m e p e n e H o HMH en BO KpemeHbH MaTH B e i i H K a r o

OjieHa,

H K O w e H AP^BHHH

UAPHUH,

K o c T H H T H H a d . M CjiarocJiOBH io n a T p e a p x i H o T n y c T H io. H

no

KpemeHbH B03Ba to u a p b H pe Hen uapb rpesbCKHii, rjia-

roJM HKO: bt>

»MHoro Aapnxi. 11 t h . T h 6o rjiaroJiHine" ko « H i , h k o : 'Ame Boa-bBpautiocH Pycb, MBorH n a p u npHCJito th : Mejifmb, bockt. h CKopy, h boh bi noMonib.'« OrB'fcniaBniH Onbra, h pene m> cjiomi1* : •An^e t u , pbijH, TaKowe nocTOMum y MeHe bt. IIoiaHirfe«, HKome a3i> bt»

Cyny, t o Tor«a t h H OTnycTH

naMb.t

cjim",

ce pen-bum.

04 imp/. 3 to.: t u n . • n acc. so : OHa. ' p e m p. a. p. : peiuB/peil. ' soamoOa and the following expression ocraiia aor. t to. ' p y c m nom. pi., del. : pycbcx*. ' Htpeirw p. a. p. : HapeiM/Bapeina. ' Amepe» instr. «0. : m u v . ' b-6ch pr. t to. : B i f f i n . 11 napaxx • AacTb aor. 1 to.: n a n . " Rbntepbio - nmepeio. aor. 1 to.: Aaprra. " raarojinme imp/, t to.: rnarojian. " cjiomi dot. pi. : curb. " cjiu ace. pi. : curt. 1

* According to Greek sources, Olga vlitted Constantinople In 957. b Tbe emperor was not John Tzlmisces (969-76), but Constantlne Porpbyrogenltus (944—59) wbo himself described Olga's visit In bis book De adminittrando imperio without mentioning her baptism. There Is reason to believe that she was baptized some three years prior to ber visit to Constantinople. c patriarch Polyeuctes (956-70). d Helena, mother of Constantlne the Great. • Poiajna, an affluent of tbe river Dnieper near Kiev.

10 Prince Vladimir and Princess R o g n e d ' This saga, which is based without any doubt on Byzantine tales glorifying heroic women, concerns Prince Vladimir, who ravished the daughter of the Varangian Prince Rogvolod (or Ragnvaldr) of Polock, and Princess Rogned' (or Ragnheidr), who sought to revenge herself. The first variant of the saga is found in the Chronicle under the year 980. In the second (but not necessarily later) variant, contained in the continuation of the Chronicle as presented in the Codex Laurentianus under the year 1128, Princess Rogned"s young son, Iz'aslav, enters the story as the avenger of his mother and of Rogvolod, whose descendants, through the line of Iz'aslav, carried on unceasing hostilities against the descendants of Vladimir. [BoaoftKMep H P o r a e j p . ] (Variant 1) H nocna [BonoAHMepi»]* k o P o r b B o n o R y b IIojiOTbCKy 1 , rnarcuiH:

» X o i i o noHTH nmepb'c tboio co6-6 meirfc'.« Oht. me peie nmepa cBoen: »Xomeum a h aa BojiOAHiiepa?« OHa w e p e 4 e :

»He xo, H pene:

»HKO BHHAeTb

TH OTeub, P U N BUCTynn: ' O n e , e « a esHHi MHHMHCN X O A H ? ' « Bo^OAHMepi w e pene: »A

X T O " TH K H Ì J I 1

CAT?«

H n o B e p n Menb CBOH, H coaBa 6 o j w p i i H noB-fena HHI. OHH w e peKoma: » Y w e He y6HH en a^thth a^fejiH cero, HO BiaABHrHH OTHHHy en H a&h sh Cl CblHOMl CBOHHl.«

22

Annalistic BcuiOAHMepi

we

ycTpoH

Literature

ropoai

H aa

HMH

H

Hapeqe

HMH

ropoay

TOMY

HaXCAOMb*. H

OTTOnt

MeHb

B3HMa)0Tb

PorOBOJIOWH

BHyUH

npOTHBy

HpOCJiaBJIHM1>

BUyKOMl1. 1 IIoJlOTbCKy dat. eg. of direction. ' amepb acc. eg. : 3(t>)iuh. • m e r t dot. pred. &B npHinejrb p. periphr. : aor. (imp/.) 3 eg. : CUTH + p. a. p. : npHHTH. ' HMHme imp/. 3 eg. : nrfeTi. • TypOB-h loc. eg. ' PoriB0.i0>K-fc gen. sg. : PorbBOJioma ad), poee. ' xoTHxy imp). 3 pi. : xortTB. • fliiepb acc. eg. : atMH. cnaaaiua aor. 3 pi. : c[T>]KaaaTH. 11 PoroBonofly aepwamio B BJiajrttowio H KHHHtauiio dal. abe. (temp.). " BonoHHMepy cyiaio 14 noeMiue pr. a. p., ffiTbCKy cyiuio H noraHy dat. abe. (temp.). " airnepe gen. eg. : niWH.

4

nam.

pi.

: DOHTH.

"

nofrtftHCTa

aor.

3 du.

: NOOTOHTH.

aor.

BO-tiKe

3 eg.:

B[I.]0T4H/

B[T.)OimH. " rniia aor. 3 pi. : RTH. " HapeKi pr. a. p. : iiapeiH/HapemH. " OOH aor. 3 eg. : DOHTH. •• eMy . . . ycHyBimo dat. abe. (temp.). " H acc. eg. : OHI. H aor. 3 eg. : mm. " cwaJiHJia CH Onxt p. periphr. : cmajiana CH p. a. p. : c(i)wajiHTH CH + OHXT. imp/. 1 eg. : GbiTB. " noTHeTb pr. 3 eg. : noTHTH. " XTO = KITO. »

Vladimir I , Prince of Novgorod (970-979), Great Prince of Kievan Russia (979-1015). R o g v o l o d ( = Ragnvaldr), a Varangian who founded the independent princlpality of Polock. c R o g v o l o d ' s daughter, Rogned' ( = Ragnheidr). d R o g n e d ' was engaged to Jaropolk, Great Prince of Kiev (972-79). 8 T h e founder of Turov was apparently a Varangian named Turl. f These events took place In 979. 8 T h e descendants of Vseslav, Prince of Polock (1044-1101) were also descendants of Rogned's first son, Iz'aslav, Prince of Polock (d. 1001), and, consequently, descendants of Prince R o g v o l o d , the first ruler of Polock. h Dobryn'a, apparently the brother of Vladimir's mother, Malusa ( = Malmfrldr). I Iz'aslav (b. 980 or 981). i Vladimir had many wives prior to his baptism and his marriage to the Byzantine princess Anna. k T h e Castle of Iz'aslavl' in the Polock region. 1 Subsequently, there was bitter antagonism between the descendants of Iz'aslav ( R o g v o l o d ' s grandson) and the descendants of Vladimir (Jaroslav's grandson), 1. e., between the independent principality of Polock and the state of K i e v . b

PRESBYTER VASILIJ'S STORY OF THE B L I N D I N G OF PRINCE VASIL'KO OF T E R E B O V L ' T h i s n a r r a t i v e is p r e s e n t e d as an e x a m p l e o f r e p o r t o r i a l a c c o u n t s o f h i s t o r i c a l events of an

written

Presbyter

outstanding

incorporated recension of

independently

and

Vasilij, a diplomat example

into

the

of

inserted

political

Chronicle

into

Nestor's

Chronicle.

The

report

a n d an e y e w i t n e s s o f t h e e v e n t s d e s c r i b e d , and

under

1116, t h e m o n k S y l v e s t e r .

the

historical year

writing.

1097

by

It

the

was

is

probably

compiler

of

the

I n t h e y e a r 1097 a t t h e c o n g r e s s o f

R u s s i a n p r i n c e s in L ' u b e C , o n t h e i n i t i a t i v e o f P r i n c e V l a d i m i r M o n o m a c h u s

all and

in o r d e r t o a v o i d f u r t h e r feudal wars, a peace accord was reached, t o be o b s e r v e d s t r i c t l y b y all Russian princes. T h e n a r r a t i v e deals w i t h the perfidious o f P r i n c e V a s i l ' k o o f T e r e b o v P b y t h e p r i n c e s S v ' a t o p o l k of Volhynia

and

the d r a m a t i c

consequences

of

this

blinding

K i e v and D a v i d

of

atrocity.

T h e t e x t is t a k e n f r o m I I o j i H o e co6paHne pyccKHX jieTonncett.Vol. I ( L e n i n g r a d , 1 9 2 6 ) , c o n t a i n i n g t h e Tales of Bygone

Years a c c o r d i n g t o t h e Codex

Laurentianus.

Presbyter Vaiilij's

Story of the Blinding of

[Oeaeniemie

23

Vcuifko

B t t M i u t ]

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py«yl

A m e T H " ORBHAETB

24

Annalistic

Literature

n> cbok> BonocTb, c a n yspHiiiH, ante t h He aaHMen. r p a n i t b o h x i , T y p o B a • IlHHbCKa n h n p o i H x i rpaAi> t b o h x i . , jia notwHeinb MeHe. H o npH3BaBi> Husrfe H enT>" H " , A a w b " u w k . t H n o c j i y m a ero CBHTononKi. h nocjia no BacHJibKa, rjiarojin: »fla

ante

He

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wAara bch

ci

no

hmchmhi.

mohxi,

Aa

npHAH

Huai,

na

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, HAe BOH*b.

H

h k o BbicTynH J^aBbiAi, h a a n p o u i a "

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h npucTaBHuia

ki

H a y T p H H w e CBHTonojiK-b c o a B a 6 o J i n p i h eMy

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h

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•EpaTa t h yCHJTb, a Ha t h C B i i a j i C H " ct. B0Ji0AHMep0Mi, h x o t h t b t h y6HTH h rpa^bi t b o h aanTH.« H p t u i a 6oJinpe h ji»Abe: » T o 6 t , KHHwe, AOCTOHTb 6jik>cth TOJiOBbi c B o e e " . /Ja ame ecTb npaBO mojibhjit> flaBbiAi, na npHHMeTb BacHJibKO Ka3Hb. Ame jih HenpaBO r j i a r o n a X(aBbiA'b, Aa npHHMeTb tuecn o r b 6ora h OTBtiaeTb n p e n i CoroMi.« H

yB'iA^ma4'

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h

Hanarna

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0

BacHJibK-fc

H peqe h m i C b h t o i i o j i k i : »Oto

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CBHTonoJiKy.

Presbyter

Vasilij's Story of the Blinding

of

25

VasiFko

»Ame JiH cero Be craopHHib, a nycramb I , T O H RO&K KHHWHTH HH i r a i . « me x o r n m e nycnmi H , HO JJaBMAi He xorame, fcnoAacH" ero. H HA T y HOH> B e n o m a h " E ' k n y r o p o A y " , ime rpajn> n u n y Kuesa HKO 10 Bepcn BT. n a n i , H npBBeaoma H Ha KOJrfcxi, OKOBaHa cyma, ccaaHma B CI CBHTOIIOJIKT»

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BI

HU"

Howb.

fla

H HaMHeTb 6 p a n

Pycbante CpaTa

26

Annalistic

Literature

3aKajiairi, H noru6Hen. 3eMJiH PyebeKaH, H B P A 3 H Barnn, IIOJIOBUH, nprnueame BosMyTb 3eMJiu PyebeKy».« Ce cjiumaBi, JJaBbijvb H Ojien. neiajibHa Cuera BejibMH h nJiaKacracH, peKyma, HKO: •Cero HE 6UJIO BI p o a t HarneMb!« H Ty a6i.e coópaBwe B O Í " , np«aocTa KT> BoJioaHMepy. BojiojHMepy we ci» B O H " CTOHIUW 7 * BT. 6opy, BoJioaHMepi we H flaBiizn. H Ojien, nocjiauia Myurfe" C B O H , rnarojiiome M> CBHTonoJiKy: »MTO ce 3JIO CTBopHJi*b ecH BT> PycbcrfeH 3eMJiH, H BBeprjn, eca HOJKI

BI

MeMy ecH ocJrtnHjn. 6pan> C B O H ? Ame TH 6 U BHHA Kan 6buia Ha H B ,

HU?

OBJIHMHJTI 6 H BHHY

ero,

H

owe

n p e s i HAMH H y n p i B T . " 6u H , CTBOPHJII eMy. A HUH'FC HBH EMY

ce

CTBOPHJTI.

ec«.«

H peie CBHTOIIOJIKT. , H K O : »IIOB'fena MK ^aBUA'b MropeBHib HKO: 'BacHJibKO 6paia TH y6Hjn>, flponOJiKa, H Te6e xomeTb y 6HTH H SAHTH BonocTb TBOIO, TypoBT. H IlHHecKT. H BepecTHe» H IIoropHHy T . A aaxonHJii porfe CT> [6paTOMT> C B O H M I ] BOJIOAHMepoMi, HKO c f e c T H BojioflHMepy KueB-fe, a BacnjibKOBH BojiOAHMep«.' A HCBOJIH MH CBoee TOJIOBU CJIIOCTH. M He HAI. ero cjrfcnnjrb, HO JJaBbiAt > H Bem, H KT> coCt.« H ptrna M Y W H Bojio^HMEPH H flaBbiAOBH H OjibroBH: •HAB-FETA O CEMB HE HMEW, HKO ,¡JABBI/N> ECTB cJi-fenmiT. H . He BT. ^ABUNOB'FC ropoflt HTb", HH cirfenjieHi, HO BT> TBoeiut rpami HTT> H CJitruieHT..« M ce HMI> rJiaroJiiomHMT. pa3HAomacn pasno. HayTpnH H6H; NPHXOJHIUAH KT. H e M y

Hann-

auie Koro BH^nuie JIH rnioMHa, nti BT> Ha JiioSoBb npeKnaaauie H y r t u i a u i e .

CBoe BiaBpaTHMCH. KHHTHHH w e , 6 U B U I H y BojioaHMepa,-npHne NOB^taa BCH P % H H CBHTonojiKy H KUHHOMT. , HKO M H P I 6yaeTb. M

MU HA H

anu

Presbyter

Vasilij's

Story of the Blinding

u a i a m a Mewn coöoio MywH c j i a r a nojiKy, h k o :

h

of

27

VasiFko

y m i p i i n i a c f i Ha cexi>,

hko

p-fema

Cbhto-

>Ce flaBbuoBa CKOJioTa! T o hah tu, CBHTonoJiie, Ha ^aBUfla, ji»6o hmhm, n p o w e H H " h".« CBHTonoJiKi me e « w a " no c e , h u-bnosama K p e c n . Mew» coCoio, MHpi CTBopuie". BacH.ibKOBH w e c y m w ' 0 BojioaHMepH* 1 Ha n p e w e peweirtMb irfecrfe, h h k o npHÒJIHWHCH n o c n , BeJIHKUH, H MHÌ» Ty c y m i o " , BOJIOAHMepH, BT> eflHHy HOOlb

jik>6o

n p u c j i a no mh* KHaab /JaBbiAi- H npHAOxi ApywHHa, h nocajjHBT. mh h pewe mh:

kt. HeMy, h cfcftHxy okojio

ero

»Ce MOJIBHJIT. BaCHJIbKO C H HOMH Kl yjiaHOBH H KOJPJH, peKJTb TaKO: 'Ce cjibiinw, o w e HaeTb BoJiOAHMepT. h Cbhtohojikt. Ha ^aBUfla. fla w e 6w MeHe A a B b i A i n o c j i y i u a j n . , Aa 6uxi> n o c j i a j i i " Mywb cboh kt. BoJiOAHMepy BOpOTHTbCH. B f y r b " 60 CH C1> HHMT. WTO MOJIBHJTb, H He nOHACTb.' ß a CC, BaciiJiioy, uijiio th. Hah kt. BacHJibKOBH, T e a y " CBoeMy, ct. cHMa OTpoKona MOJiBH eMy TaKo: ' O w e xomeuiH nocJiaTH My«i cboh, h bopothtch BojioahMepl>, TO BAaMl>" TH, KOTOpOH T H rOpOAl JIK)6t> , JII060 BceBOJIOHtb jik>6o Illenojib»», jik>6o nepeMHJibbb.'« A a i w e haoxt. kt, BacHJibKOBH h noB-fcAaxi eMy bch ptiH flaBbiaoBH. O h t . w e pewe: »Cero ecMi He mojibhjit». Ho HaA^iocfl Ha C o r a , — nouijiio [kt. BojioahMepy], a a 6biuia He npoJibHJin" «ieHe pa^H kpobh. H o ceMy mh ahbho: A a e n . mh ropoaT. cboh, a moh TepeGoBJib, moh BJiacTb, nowAaBme h HUHe.« HKOwe h ö u c T b , BCKopt 60 npHH BJiacTb cbok). Mwfc w e p e i e : »Mah ki ^aBUAOBH h pun eMy: 'IIpHinjiH mh KyjibM-fen, n . nonuiio ki>

h

BoJiOAHMepy.'«

M He n o c j i y u a ero ^ a s u A i « nocjia mh n a K u , » H t T y Kyjibicfen.« H pene mh BacHJibKo: »nocfejH Maiio.«

pena:"

H noBeJi'fe cjiya-fe" CBoeMy hth boht. h c t ^ e co mhoio h Hawa mh rjiaro-iiaTH : »Ce ciibiuiio, o w e mh x o m e n . asth JIhxomt. ^ a B U A i . T o ce Mano ch Hacuthjit. KpoBe Moea, a ce xoweTb 6oJie HacwTHTHCH, o w e mh BAacTb hmt.? A a i 60 JIhxomt. MHOro ajia tbophxt.cc H xorfejn. ecMb ctbophth h mcthth PycfccirfeH 3eMJiH. H aiye mh BAacTb JIhxomi, He 6ok>ch CMepra. H o ce noB-fcaaio th noHCTHH'fe (hko Ha mh 6on> HaBeAe aa Moe BisBbiineHbe), hko npHAe mh bìch, HKO HAyTb KO MH-fe EepeHAHMH dd H Ile'ieH'feaH 1 '"' ee H T o p U H l 0 ' f f , H peKOXT. BT» yM-fe CBoeMT», o w e mh 6yAyTb BepeHAHiH h neweirfeaH h T o p n n , peny 6paTy CBoeMy BojiOAapeBH h ^aBuaoBH: '^aiiTa mh Apy» B y w b C K t » , H

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peKOiua: »Bunan,

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29

Presbyter Vasilij's Story of the Blinding of VatiTko CBHTonoJiKy KT. JIHXOMT». C e NOMOIUH.

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Presbyter nojioBirfc, JlyMbCKy

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Story of the Blinding M

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31

Vasil'ko Ha

CBHTOIMO

CBoeity

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A Ha 2 - e ji-fcTo C B H T O I J O J I K I , BojioAHitepi, flaBbiat H O j i e n . npHBaßwiia JlaBbifla MropeBHHa H He naiiia e M y B o j i O A H M e p n , H O n a i u a e M y floporoßy»»«., BT. HeM»e H yMpe. A CBHTonoJiKi nepen BoJiojHMepb h n o c a j i H B HeMi> cuHa CBoero flpocjiaBa. 1 CHnmacR aor. 3 pi. : C(T>)HHTIICH. 1 JIIOOHHH loc. SFL. : JIioGflib. ' PycKirt gen sg. : 4 HancjiaBJiio adj. poss., acc. sg. f. : MancJiaBi. pyc(bC)Kan. • BceBOjiomio adj. post., acc. sg. /. : BceBononv ' HpocJiaBJiK) adj. posa., acc. sg. /. : Hpocnaro. ' CBHTocJiaBJiio adj. 11 Onme poss., acc. sg. /. : CBHTocjiaBi. ' Hb acc. sg. : OHI.. ' Guina aor. 3 pi. : Cum. 1 4 CJIOHCHJICH imp/. 3 sg. : O U T H . " Bjrfcae aor. 3 sg. : BliJjrtaTH. eCTb periphr. p. 3 sg. " TH acc. sg. : T U . eMT. p. a. p. : HTH. " ecTb yOHJit periphr. p. 3 sg. CJIOHOUICH e periphr. p. 3 sg. (e - ecrb). " CMHTecH aor. 3 sg. : C[T>]MHCTHCH. " pena pr. a. p. : peno. " BTFL-6 B'FEMK pr. 1 sg. : BTFLTTH. '* n aor. 3 sg. : HTH. " Haiacra aor. 3 du. : HaiaTH. 44 BacHJibirt loc. sg. : BacHJibKO. 44 B'banme imp/. 3 sg. : B T A T T H . 44 HMeB-È pr. 1 du. : HTH. 44 KueFb loc. sg. " ywHHa aor. 3 sg. : ywHHaTH. " Beiepy OuBm» dat. abs. (temp.). 41 • acc. sg. : 4 4 TH dat. sg. : T U . " OTnptcH aor. 3 sg. : onap-TTHCH. •• e m p. a. p. : HTH. M OHI. " nawb imp. 2 sg. : J U T H . " B T A U H pr. a. p., del. : B T J R T T H . HNflme imp/. 3 sg. : HW-FCTH. •• B C B N I p. a. p. : B(I)c"FCCTH. " ycTptre aor. 3 sg. : yCTp-fccTH/yc[»JpiCTH. 44 cbAdme imp/. 3 sg. : ctJVfcTH. " H acc. sg. : O H I . " ecMb N O B C J R B J I I periphr. p. 1 sg. 44 ctnocTa aor. 3 du. : c6CTH. 41 Oil ymacniCH periphr. p., — imp/, (aor.) 3 sg. : O U T H + p. a. p. : ywaCHyTHCH. " aanpoma aor. 3 pi. : aanepeTH •= aanp-TTH. " CTopowfe acc. pi. : cTopoma. 44 CBtnaJiCH p. a. p. : c(T.)B-feHaTHCH = cbBtmaTHCH. " cBoee gen. sg., /. : CBOH. " yB-bsiima 41 aor. 3 pi. : yBtntTH. OJiionacH pr. a. p. : OJIIOCTHCH. H acc. sg. : O H I . " BtJiy4 1 B I S D H aor. 3 sg. : Bt3(i)naTH. ropofly dat. oí direction. " ekAnuuo eMy dat. abs. (temp.). H npocrepme p. a. p., nam. pi. : npocrepeTH " noiacTa aor. 3 du. : ooMaTH. npocTplTH. 44 xOTHCTa imp/. 3 du. : xortiTH. 44 noepemH — QOBp^mH. " nera aor. 3 du. : HTH. 44 " OopnmeTCH imp/. 3 sg. : OopoTHCH « OpaTHCH. Momacra impf. 3 du. : xoi> - MOmH. 44 noBeproma aor. 3 pi. : noBplum. 44 CHeMme p. a. p. : C ( I ) H H T H . 41 cknocTa aor. 3 du. : 44 CHHCTa aor. 3 du. : C(T.)RHTB. 44 ncHy — m>cKy — nocKy. 4 4 H3H aor. 3 sg. : cbCTH. 44 BacMiue p. a. p., nom. pi. : B ( I ) 3 H T H . 44 CBOJiOKOiua oor. 3 pi. : C ( I ) B O J I O M H . H3(i)3TH. 41 oHtMi. oOtnyioiUHMt dal. abs. (lemp.). 44 MepTBy . . . ouoMy dal. abs. (caus). 44 OMIOTH " Hbi acc. pi. : »u. *4 Bot aor. 3 sg. : OMIOTHTH. " ywacecn aor. 3 sg. : ymacHymcH. N acc. pi. : BOH. BOH insir. pi. : BOH. ' 4 BojioaHMepy . . . CTOHIUIO dat. abs. (temp.). " Myxrt acc. pi. : Mymb. ' 4 ynp^Bi p. a. p. : yn(b)ptTH. " HTI p. p. p. : HTH. " MoaliTe 4 4 aOJinnn imp. 2 pi. : MoniH. ' 4 Otilia cTHwaJiH periphr. p. (pluperf.). = CIOJIIOJIH 41 44 » acc. sg. : OHa. p. a. p. pi. : C I O J I I O C T H . iTHineTb = MTHme imp/. 3 sg. : ibcTH. 44 Onme imp/. 3 sg. : O U T H . 44 ocymame imp/. 3 sg. : ocymaTH, OCYAHTH. 4 4 HHH imp. 2 sg. : 4 ' H acc. sg. : OHI. 44 erocfl p. a. p., nom. sg. : HTH. 44 npomeHH imp 2 sg. : nporwiaTH. 44 BaCHJibKOBH . . . cymio dat. abs. 4 4 cTBopme p. a. p., nom. pi. : C(T>)TBOPHTH. HTHCH. 41 BoJioAHMepH loc. sg. : BoJiooHMepb. 44 mh-6 cymio dat. abs. (caus.). 44 Ouxi> (temp.). 44 Teay dot. sg. : Teai. 44 BAam. pr. 1 sg. : nocnajii. cond. periphr. " Biflt = BtMb. 41 Duma npoJibHjin cond. periphr. 3 pi. 44 CJiyat B(i>)aaTH. " pena pr. a. p. : peiUH. 144 neHeHtan 141 TopuH dal. sg. : cnyra. nom. pi. : neieHtri. nom. pi. : Topm. 144 nHKTa imp. 2 du. : num. 144 ZlyHaHCKut acc. pi. : flyHaHCKi. 144 npHxoanmy BeJiHKy ,4! ycptTe aor. 3 sg. : ycfilptcTH, yc(T>)pHiuy. 144 CMÍ aor. 3 sg. : HHH dal. afc«. (temp.). , 4 ' Ouuia HJin a C T B O P B ^ H periphr. cond., 3 pi. 144 HacTaBuiH BecHt dat. abs. CM-fcTH. 1,4 B* nom. du. : MU. 1,1 npHHfloxoB-fi (temp.). OHtMa CTaBiuHMa dal. abs. (temp.). 1,4 Oí noCJiaJiT. periphr. p. (pluperf.). 1 1 1 H acc. pi. : OH. 1,4 aor. / du. : npHHTH. OH*6MT> 114 AACTB aor. 3 sg. : aaTH. nouienniHMT. dal. abs. (lemp.). TypHHCKi loc. sg. CHMT. . . . 114 ce» acc. du. : CHH. 114 cneMiue p. a. p. : C(T>)HHTH. OTINEMIIHMI dat. abs. (temp.). 144 1,1 1,4 CBHTONOJIKY . . . oC-tmaBiuiocn dal. abs. (caus.). CHÍMT. = C I H B M I . JIHXU 144 CBtn. = c(i)Btn. 144 cTBopb p. a. p. : c(t)TBOpHTn. 144 BO*b inslr. pi. : JlflXb.

32

Annaliatie

Literature

ooe. pi.: bob. " ' bob gen. pi.: bob. J l d c t x i loc. pi.: J i n n . •" H m t p e j u a periphr. p. (pluperf.). Bsetuna p. a. p., nom. du. : b[i)shtb. frl irkjioBajri periphr. p. 1,1 ,aa (pluperf.). HcnojnHBmiiicfl o O o w i dot. aba. (temp.). o i n o pen. du. : oho. 1H Oocbb dot. tg.: Oo*. "* nSBumi>CH p. a. p., acc. tg.: bi3bucbtbch. Op a n BCJiBq-fe Omnia dot. abt. (caut.). " ' MHoalm n a A a u m n n dot. abt. (caut.). "* aaJioiKHairk gen. 1,1 tg. : BajiomBma. IIojioBirt acc. pi. ycTp-ire — ycpiTe aor. 3 tg. : ycptcra. >u 1U " ' BAymexa ana dot. abt. (temp.). i u — aain. cbo* acc. pi.: cbob. boh gen pi. : boh. "* ctHa pr. a. p. : cima. BiaBpaTnmeTbcii unusual imperf., 3 tg. : BUBpaTHTHCfl. nonycTHiy unusual imperf., 3 pi. : «onycTBTa. "* t acc. pi. : o h v Bjiajumepq-t acc. pi.: raJiBcrt acc. pi.: rajiana. acronoina aor. 3 pi.: HcToayTH. 1,1 BJiaABMepbUb. o B t m . . . ObiouHui.. . cTpfcunouiBMi dal. abt. (temp.). »" HcracJiasy XOTHiny dot. abt. (temp.). CKBamaeio inttr. tg. : CHBaJKHH. »• CBfrronrk gen. tg. : CBirroma. Boem. oOnemamairb dal. abs. (temp.). JlasuAOBH cnnmy dot. abt. (temp.). » Sv'atopolk II, Prince of Polock (1069-71), Prince of Novgorod (1078-88) and Turoy (1088-93), Great Prince of Kiev (1093-1113). Vladimir Monomachus, Prince of Cernlgov (1093-1113), Great Prince of Kiev (1113-25), cousin of Sv'atopolk II. c David (d. 1112), Prince of Vladimir-Volynsk (1086-1100), a member of a minor branch of the princely dynasty. d Vasll'ko, Prince of Terebovl' (1092-1124), also a member of a minor branch of the princely dynasty. * David, prince of various smaller principalities (1076-1123), a cousin of Sv'atopolk and Vladimir. r Oleg, prince of various principalities (1076-1115), brother of David. S L'ubei, a town on the Dnieper Elver between Kiev and Smolensk, h The Polovtslans (or Kumans), a nomadic Turkish tribe in the steppes, frequently attacked Klevan Russia. They were often summoned by Individual Russian princes to aid them in their feudal wars. I It was proposed that Sv'atopolk should retain the lands inherited from his father, Iz'aslav; Volodlmir, the land which formerly belonged to his father, Vsevolod (Perejaalavl'); while David and Oleg should retain the lands which formerly belonged to their father, Sv'atoslav, and their grandfather, Jaroslav (Cernlgov). J Prince David, son of Igor, and Vasll'ko and his brother Volodar' were to retain the towns of Vladimir, Peremyil', and Terebovl' which they had received from Vsevolod, the father of Vladimir Monomachus. k Jaropolk, brother of Sv'atopolk II, was killed in 1086, probably by Prince Vasil'ko's emissary. ' Vydobyc, a town and a monastery on the Dnieper River near Kiev. m Rudica, a river whose location Is unknown. n Turov and Plnsk, towns on the Dnieper River, under the rule of the Great Prince of Kiev. o Christmas. P A member of the Tork tribe between the rivers Dnieper and Don. 4 BerendeJ, a tribal name Identical with Tork, here used as a personal name. r Zdvlten", a town on the river Zdviia, west of Kiev. • See footnote r. ' Vladlmlr-Volynsk. u Berestlje - Brest (Lltovsk) on the river Bug. T Pogorlna, apparently a region on the river Goryn'a. w Anna, second wife of Vsevolod, a Polovtsian princess (d. 1111), stepmother of Vladimir Monomachus. * An Indication that the author may have had a diplomatic function. y The author reveals his own name: VasiliJ. s Vsevolot, a town in Volhynia. »» Sepol", a town in Volhynia near Luck. bl > Peremll", In Volhynia, on the river Styr. cc Vasll'ko made at least two incursions Into Poland (1081 and 1084). dd xhe Berendejs, a Turkish tribe (Karakalpaks). • e The Petzlnaks, a nomadic tribe of the steppes, ff The Torks, related to, or Identical with, the Berendejs.

Presbyter Vas ilif t Story of the Blinding of VeuiTko

33

f t V u l l ' k o reveals hli plans for southwestern Russia. bh volodar*, Vasll'ko's brother. Prince of Peremyil' from 10t7. » A town on the river Bug In Volhynla. 1J The peace accord was concluded In 1097. kk unknown personages, the councilors of David. U Lu&esk — Luck, a town In Volhynla. mm Turljsk, a town In Volhynla on the river Turje. nn Wladystaw I Herman, King of Poland (1079-1102). oo Dorogobui, a town In Volhynla. PP Ôerven, a town In Gallcla. CHMT. w e

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TBOPHMT. .

Cpame, BbcnoMHHaioniio M H 1 1 mHTHe npenoAOÖHaaro, He c y n t » me cbnncaHy 11 HH OTT> Koro me, nenajiHio no BCH AI>HH C I N P B M H M I Ce me,

HKO

me,

O

6-fcxb H MOJiHxtCH 6 o r y , sa cnoAo6HTT> MH BCH no pnny cinacaTH o HÍHTHH 6oroHocbHaaro

OTua

Harnero

eoflOCHH,

na

no

H

Haci

iepH0pH3bUH,

cynpi

npHHMuie nHcaHHe, nomrraioiiie TH BHAfliiie Myma flOÖJiecTb, BICXBAJMTB 6 o r a , H

yroAHHKa ero npocjiaBJimotue,

me,

HKO H BT> cTpaH-fe c e n

O ceMt 60 aanad*

H

caMb

u mAMeymb1'

TaKb

roenosb n p o p e i e

cb AepaaMbMb

HeóecbHibMb. H naKu: Mnosu

H60

CHH

Ha nponHH

CHH M Y M I

nocJi-feflbHHH

NOABHRU

HKO:

Mhoíu

u a> HcaKbMb

6ydymb nocAtbdbHuu

BHIUHH n p b B h i x b

YKPTNJINIOTBCH,

HBHCH H yro/U>HHKT.

OTbUb

HAHNAIE

ComHH.

npuudymb

ona nemom

u HuttoehMb n

u

ifapbemeuu

npMUU.

HBHCH,

mHTHeM*b 60

noApaman

CBHTaaro H npbBaaro HanajibHHKa MbpHbHbCKyyMy o ó p a a y , — BeJiHKaaro M ^ h k ) 1 '

ÄHTOHHHb. H ce H OTbMbCKHHXT. KbHHraXT., XpuCTOCT. BT. n o c j r f e f l b H H H M T . poA"fc

nHUierb me

ceMb Tanoro ceö'fe CT>flt.nbHHKa nonasa H nacTyxa HHOKMHMT». E t 60 HSMOJiOAa mHTHeMi. MHcrtMb yKpameHT., AOßpuHMH A t a e c b i 1 ' , B-fcpo»

cbMucjibMb n a i e . Erome huh^ on>ciOAy yme HaMbHy cinoB^AaTH eme 1 * yHbi B b p c T b i mHTHe ß.iameHaaro OeoAOCHH. Ht> nocjiymanTe, Cparae, CT. BbCfl^'feMT.1, n p H J I B H O H H e M T . , HCnbJIHb 60 eCTb nOJlb3U CJIOBO ce BbCT^MT. nome

H

OTT»

CJiyuiaioiaHMT>. MOJIW me BU, 0 BT>3Jiio6jieHHH, A a He sasbpHTe naKbi rpyßocTH Moen. CT>ApbmHMT> 60 CUM" JIH>6OBHIO e w e " OKycHxiCH

cbnHcaTH BbCH

CH

»me"

Aa ne kt. MH*fe peneHO CyaeTb: 3íauu Moe mtpiicbHUKOMb, u an,

ki

npenOAOÖbHyyMy, cero

o CBHrfeMb, KT>

CHMT.

me

H

pa6e ArbHuebtu, nodoóatue mu damu

npuutbch,, 6uarb cb Auxeoto

pan»

ßmoANH*1! epeópo

ucmnaajib"•.

T-feMb me, HKO me H H-fecTb jrfcno, ßpaTHe, TAHTH MionecT. ßjiameHHbixi., Hannaie 6ory p e K i u j i o y M y " vneHHKOMb CBOHMT» HKO: Eotce zaozomo mbMib,

noerbdume"

Ha cetbmn,,

u eotee 8b ytuu

cAbituacme",

ecunb eb

nponoeibdume

n

doMlbXb. CH Ha ycrrfcxT. H Ha ycTpoenne óectAyiomHMT. ciriHcaTH x o m » , H O CHXT. 6 o r a c . i a B H m e , M b a ^ u OTAaHHe n p H H M e i e .

X O T H I U M m e M H " HCNOB-FEAATH H A Q A T H ,

npewe MOJIIOCH rocnoAeBH 8 ', rjiarojin cwue:

36

Hagiography

»BjiaAHKO" MOH, rocnoAH, BbceApbwirrejiio, (¡JiaraiMi nonaTejno, OTMC rocnoaa Harnero Hacyca Xpacra, npHHAH Ha OOMOIIU» NHÍ, H npocBtTH cpbAue Moe Ha paayMtHHe aanoBtnHH TBOHXI, R OTBbpaH" ycTbH-fe" MOH Ha HcnoBinaHHe H»Aeci> TBOHXT> H Ha noxBaJieHHe CBHTaaro BiroAHHKa TBoero, A® npocjiaBHTbCfl HMH TBOe, HKO TU eCH nOMOII^HH K*b BCfeMT. ynOBaMlIJHMT. Ha TH BT. BÍKU. AMHHI».«

• rpajn> ecrb, OTCTOH OTS KueBa, rpana CTOJibHaaro, 8 nonbpnnp», HMeHem» BacHJieBi». B i r o n frfecTa'1 poRirreJiH" CBrrraaro, BI B-fep-b KpecTHHHbcrbH** >«HByma H BCHibCKUMb CjiaroibCTHeMi yKpameHa. PoRHCTa me CnameHaro H%THma cero, Taie BT» OCMUH AbHb npHHecocra H " KT. cBHTirreJiio 6OWHIO, HKO Hce o6trean ecrb KpbCTHHHOMi, « a HMH H-feTHnyo HapeKyTb. IIpeaBirrepi xie, BHS^BI) fffeTHma, H CpbAb Toro HapHuaeTb. Taie me, HKO H MHuyuia 40 AI>HHH jrbTHmio, KpbiueHHeMi Toro ocBHTHiua. OTpoia me pocnraie, KT>PMHMT>" poflHTejieMa CBOHMa", H OnaronaTb OOJKHH CT. HHMT. H Ayxi> CBHTUH Hamiajia BltCeJIHCH BT> H b " . Kito HcnoBtCTb" MHJiocpbffHe 6omne? Ce 6o He Ha6bpa o n npeMyApuxt 4>HJiocoi>, hh on. BJiacT6JiHH*b rpa^T. nacTyxa h ymrreJiH hhokuhmi", hi> fla o ceMb npocjiaBHTbCH hmh rocnoAHe, hko rpyfrt cu h HeB^ma npenyApiH" HJiocoPa6e Cjiaru h B^pbHe" yMHOWHBUH4' npe^aHu« TajiaHi-b, rtMb me npHHMH yr0T0BaHbiH Te6i B%Hbi(b H BIHHAH BI> paaocTb rocnona CBoero.« H KT. y peieTb: »ripHA^Te, Cjiaroe CTaAO Ao6jinaro nacTyxa, 6orocJiOBecbHaH oBbnaTa, nme MeHe paAH anKaBime H TpyARBi>uiecH, npHHM-feTe yr0T0BaH0e BaMi> uapcTBHe OTb CbJIOmeHHH MHpy".i T í i í t . me H MU, 6paTHe, norbuiHMicH pbBbHHTejie 6UTH H noApamaTene mHTHio npenoAo6bHaaro eoAOCHH H yHeHHKOMi> ero, Hxime rbrjia npefli. co6oio

The Life of

37

Theodosiu»

m> rocnoay nocna, na Tano CIIOAO6HMI>CH u s u m t i rnacb OHT> , ewe on> BJIAJUJKH k BceffpbWHTeJiR peieTkCH: üpudibme y60, ÓAaeocAotMHuu omya Moeeo, npuUMtbme yeomoeanoe t u n if apcnuue/ *

M u m e naKbi noHAeMi Ha npbBoe HcnoB-fcAaHHe CBirraaro cero 0Tp0Ka. PacTUM' 1 y60 rfejibMb H «yoieio, BJieKOMT. Ha Jno6r.Bb (SOWHIO , H xowame no BCH KbHH BT» UbpRbBb (SOWHIO, nOCJiymaH CkjWbCTBbHLIXT. KHHrb C l BCfeMb Bi>HHMAHHEMI. Eme » e 11 K I A"fcTbMT> HrpaiomHMT. He npH6JiHwamecH, HKO we oCunaH ecn> yHum>, HX H rHymamecH Hrpam. HXT>. Onewa we ero 6% xyna H cnJiaTaHa. O cenb me MHorambAbi poAHTejieMa ero Hy^nmeua 11 H oÖJiemncH BT. oAewio MHCTy H Ha H r p u CT. A^TOME H3HTH, O H I we o cenb He nocjiymaame e » " , HT» n a i e HSBOJIH 6 U T H HKO ENHHT. OTI> y 6 o r u x i . KT> CHMT. we • n a m c n BeJiH Ha yteHHe CombCTBbHbixT» KHHn> EAHHOIIY o n . ymrrejib, HKO me H CTBOPH, H B I C K O P T HaBwse' 4 BCH rpaMaTHKHH. H HKO we BC^MT. HWAHTHCH O npeMynpocTH H P A A Y M T FLTTHMA H O CKop-fcMb ero YIEHHH I IIoKopeHHe we ero H NOBHHOBEHXE KT>TO HCNOßTCRB, ewe C b T H w a " B i yneHHH cBoem», HE TOKMO w e HT, yiHTeji» CBoeMy, i n 1 i n yMamHMicn? Bt. TO w e Bpexfi OTeub ero WHTHIO KOHbUb n p H H T b " , e y m » we Tirna 60WbCTBbH0My eo«ocHK>" 13 n-fen.. OTTOJA w e Hanan." Ha Tpyau n a i e noABHWbH-feH ÖUBaTH, HKO w e HCXOAHTH eMy ci> paöu Ha ceno H ji^jisth ci BCHKUHMb cbM-bpeHHeMb. MaTH w e ero ocTaBJinnie H, He BejinniH eMy TBKO TBopHTH, [a] MOJinine H naKbi 06 jianHTHCH B I OAewn CB-feTbJiy, H Tawo HCXOAHTH eMy ci> ciBbpbcrbHHKu" CBOHMH Ha Hrpu. rjiarojiaame 60 eMy, HKO: •TaKo XOAH, yKopH3Hy ce&fe H po«y CBoeMy TBopHnm.« O H O M y o TOMb He nocjiyuiaioaiio*' en, H HKO w e MHorambAiJ tu OTT. BÖJIHKUH npocTH paarH-feBarHCH Ha Hb H 6HTH H, 6-fe 60 H rfejibiib Kp-fem>Ka H CHJibHa HKO we H Mywb. Ame 60 KTO H He BHA^BT» en, TH cjibimaame 10 6ecfenyiomy, TO HaMbHHiue" MbH-TTH M y w a 10 c y m a . K i CHMT. we naKu COWBCTBBHUH yHOuia Mbicnnnie, Ka«o H KUMb oCpaaiMb cnaceTbCH. Hncyci

Tase

XpacToci

cnuuia

nanu

o

CBHTUXI

IUIITHIO n o x o A H ,

MICRFEXT.,

HFLE w e

rocnoAb

HAMB

H w a A a i u e TAMO IIOXOAHTH H IIOKJIOHHTHCH

HMI>. H MOJifliuecH 6ory, MARÓN«: »rocnOAH, Mncyci XpncTe MOH, yuiuiiiH MOJiHTBy MOIO, H cinofloÖH MH CBXORHTH BT. CBHTaH TBOH M*feCTa H CT. paAOCTHIO IIOKJIOHHTHCH HM*B.« H TaKo MHorauibflbi MOJIHIIJIOCH eMy**, H ce n p H H A o m a CTpaHbHHUH BT. rpajb T I . U w e " H BHAÍBT. H 6OWBCTBBHBIH yHOina H pajn. 6 U B I , Tem.* 4 , nOKJIOHHCH HML H JIK>6b3HO U^JIOBa H, H BT>npOCH fl", OTbKyAy CyTb H KaMO HflyTb. OHÍMT. w e peKiiueMT.**,

HKO:

»OTT. CBHTUXT. MtcTT. ecMT., H ame 6ory BenHmio", xomeMT. BICNNTB y w e HTH .« CBHTIJH we MOJiHiue H , fla H** noHMyTb BT> cjrfeflT. ce6e H CINYTBHHKA H " CbTBOpHTb H CT. C060K>. OHM WE OÖ'blUailiaCH nOHTH H CT. C060I0 H AOnpOBaAHTH H AO cBHTbixT. M'fecrb. Tane ce CJIBIMABT. ßJIAHTEHBIH OeoaocHH, ewe oö-femauiacn e M y , P A Ñ I 6 U B % , n s e BT. AOMI. CBOH.

M erna xoTHxy CTpaHbiiHH OTHTH . Biaß-fecTHiua yHOiun CBOH OTXOAT. . OHI w e , BicTaBi HOLUHW, H He B-fcaym» HHKOMY 7 0 w e , Tan H3HAe HBT. AOMY CBoero,

38 ho

Hagiography r h u h "

xy«a,

y

ce6e

wmeco"

H TaKO HSHAe b i

tue,

pa3B-fe o A e w a ,

wrfcai CTpaHbiiuxi.

bi

Henwe

BnaruH we

OTHTH O T i CTpaHhi c e n , e r o w e H m p e B a " MaTepbHH h " ce«

6ororJiacbHUHXT»

onycrteTb

nawHTb, » w e

Ha H e « , h c r a s o no CBoero

TpbXT. nyTb

Ha3HaMena'5,

aa

lie,

h

Ta

we eMy

n a c T y x a G u t h b t . CTpaH-fe

nacTyxy

y6o

OTii^A^m»",

C o n . 6 - i a r o c J i O B n , h T b p H x e h BT>jmbi{b

BT>3jpacTerb"

pa3HaeTbcn. yCo

noHMiuiH",

n>HacTa"

oBbUb

xowauie,

C o n . He n o n y c T H

AbHbXT.,

yB-feA-feBT>UlH

Hwe

MbHHH

MiHon.,

G-fc th

Tano

MaTH

ero,

GnaweHaaro

npHCTHrtiua",

TT.KT.MO

eAHHOrO

«DeoAOCHH, HCTa h ,

Tane

CUHa

we,

hko

h o t t . npocTH

we

h

n r t B a MaTH e r o , hmt>uih h 3 a B J i a c u , h n o B b p w e * 1 h Ha 3eMJiH h CBOHMa H o r a M a n b x a u i e T H " h . M C T p a H b H u n w e MHoro k o p h b i i u h " , BT>3BpaTHcn b i a o m t . c b o h , HKO H t K O e r O 3T.JI0«tH BeAyUIH CT>BH3aHa. T o j I b M H w e h

bt.

aomt»

BT.BeAT.lUH

en

npHuibÄiuiH*4,

H BT. X p a M l ,

EowbCTBbHUH

we

Tane

H Ty

yiiouia

GjiaroAapniiie o Bbcfexi. npHiuefliuiH

Chth

h , AOHAewe

npHBH3â

BbCH

ch

ci

H,

rH-feBT>Mb O A p b W H M a , HKO

H3HeMowe.

H SaTBOpbllIH"

paAOCTH»

H

no

H,

we

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iipiiHHMaiiie,

h

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h

noaacTb

chxt>. MaTH e r o

no

abo»

AbHHioM,

h

eMy HCTH. E m e w e rH'tBi.Mb o n b p w H M a c y m w , b t > 3 j i o w h Ha iio3ì> > t e r o t h TaKO n o B e a t e M y x o a h t h , we

chxt.

TaKO

we

we-ntaa, Ta«o

C a i o n y m n , a a He n a K b i orbG'fcwHTb o t t . H e n .

CITBOpH AbHH MXHOrbl X0AH . IIOTOMb w e n a n u yMHJIOCpbAHBT>UIHCH Ha H b , HaHa CT. M0JIb60K) yB-femaBaTH

H , n a He OTbG^WHTb O T i l i e n , jiioGjiHuie Go h 3Ì.J10 n a i e

HHtxi,

He T b p n H i u e

He o t t . h t h

cihh"

Ce3T> n e r o .

OHOMy

wejrfc3a

ct.

Hory'°

ero,

EjiaweHUH

we

OeoAocun

we

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noDen%BT>uiH

we

en

eMy

no

bo.ih

h Toro

pa^n

ott.

Hen,

tbophth,

ewe

xomeTb. UbpK-bBb G o w h i o jiHTyprHH vMbicjiH

npocKypbHaaro we

CbTBopH.

Ha n p b B U H

n o b c h AbHH. T h

caMT.

paan

CBOHMT.

Haian."

HeneieHHH,

cT.M'fepeHHeMT.

Go n e m H

nonBnn>

BHAfliue, h k o

npocKypu

BMBpaTHCH

MHorauib^w

wajiHuie"

ch

o

o?T»jiyHHTHCH

Ha

to

h npo/jauTH, h e w e

h

xowauie

JiHiuaeMH* 1 TOMb

3-fcjio.

H

ewe

H

fltjio,

ame

bi

cymn

npHGyAHiue"

e M y KT. i v f e n t , t o A a A H i u e " h h u j h m t . , ivfcHoio w e n a K b i K y n m u e " w h t o , h CBOHMa p y n a M a h3mt.jit>", naKbi n p o c n y p u T B o p n m e . C e w e T a n o C o r y Aa

npocKypu

MHCTbi

HecKBbpHbHaaro CHije

we

npHHOCHTbCH

Bi

npeGucTb

Towe Bpary bhah

ci

ceGe

noMHBatue, x o t h noymaTH,

Aa

orb

HSBOJiKB-buno", HenoponbHaro

H

AB"feHaAecHTe

Ji^i-fc"

hjih

Gojie

eMy, y K a p a x y T H 1 0 0

TBopH.

BbCH

we

h o TaKOB'fcMT. A"fcjrfc.

i i a y M a i o m » 1 0 1 h , G n a w e H b i H w e BbCH c h c i p a a o c T H i o n p H H M a u i e ,

ct> MTijiHaHHeMT. h Bparb,

Gowhk)

oTpona.

CbBbpcTbHHH e M y OTpoUH, p y r a j o m e c n H

UbpKiBb

cbM^peHueMb.

noôtwaaeMa

HeHaBiiflRii

cbM-fepeHHeMb

orbBpaTHTH h o t t . T a n o B a r o

eMy

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H c n b p B a A o C p a 3T.JiOA"fcH

CorocJioBecbHaaro A"fcjia, h c e

TaKOBaaro

Ataa.

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h

iianair. MaTepb101

MaTH

yCo,

He

He ero

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C U H a C B o e r o b t . TaKOH yKopH3H-fe c y m a , h H a n a n . r n a r o a a T H c t . j i i o G i b h i o k HeMy : »MoJiio t h poAT> c b o h , TaKOB-fcMb

h

en,

HaAO,

He T b p n J i i o

A"fejrfe,

h

H-fecTb

ocTaHHCH

TaKOBaaro

C o CwiuuiaTH Co

th

ott.

Jit no,

fltna,

BbcÈXT., oTpoKy

xy.iy

Co

yKapHeMy

cymio104,

HaHOCHUiH TH c y m i o 1 0 ®

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na o

A^na

A^JiaTH.« T a n e c t . CT.M'fcpeHHeMT. CowbCTBbHbiH y H o m a O T i B - f e m a B a a u i e MaTepH rnaroJiH :

CBoen,

The Life of

39

Theodosius

»IlocjrymaH, o Mano, MOJÍ» TH CH , nocjiymaa I rocnoab 6 0 Hncycb X p a c r o c b caMi noyöowHC« K CBM-fepHCH, HaMi o C p a s i a a n 1 " , aa H MU ero päRH cr.M"FCpHnrbCH. IlaKti w e nopyram. öucTb, N oonbBaH-B1*', H s a y m a e m . , H BI>CH npeTbprrfeBt Harnero paaa cnaceHHH. KoJibMH n a i e jrfeno ecri> Hairi TbprrfeTH, na Xpncra npHo6pnme»N.? 1 *' A eme oFFFEJRBMoeMb, Mam HÖH, TO nocjiymaa. Erna rocnoab Hauib HwcycT. XpHCTOC-b Ha Beiepw B b a j i e w e 1 " CT. yHeHHKM1" CBOHMH, n r n a , npHHMi»11* xjrfcói, H 6jiar0CJi0BHBT>, H npejiOMJib, aaniiie y w e H H KOMT. CBOHWB, rnarojin: ÍIpuuMrbme u ndume I Ce ecmb MRBJU) MOE, AOMUMOÍ aa 0w u aa MHoebi, n ocmatAenue epibxom,. fla ante caMT. rocnoab Hamb rurbTb CBOIO Hapene, TO KOJibMH naie jrfeno ecrb MUÍ paaoBaTHcn, HKO cr>atjibHHKa MH CbnoaoÖH rocnoab njn>TH CBoea 6HTHU CH cJibiinaBiuiH MATH ero H HIOAHBT>IIIHCH 0 npeMyapocrH OTpoxa, H orbTOJrfe Haia 0CTaBaTHCH ero. * H l Bpan. He HOHHBauie, ocrpH 1 1 1 10 Ha BisßpaHeHHe OTpona 0 TaKOB-feMb ero «.MtpeHMH. Ilo j r b r t w e eanHOMb, nanu BHA^BI>UIH ero newyma npocKypu H yMbpHHBiuiacH OTT. owbweHHH neuiMiaro, Cbwajiu CH a-fcjio. Ilanu Hasan, orrojrfe ßpaHHTH eMy, 0B0raa nacKon, oBoraa we rpoaoio, apyroHUH we (wioiqH H , aa CH OCTAHETB TanoBaro a~fe.ua. EOWBCTBBHUH w e yHorna BT> CKT>P6H BejiHirfe GbICTb o TOMb, H HeaOyMt«, HbTO CTBOpHTH. T i r a a w e , BicTaBi HOIUM» OTan, H HCIUEAT H3 AOMY CBoero, H aae BT. HHb r p a a i , He aaJieie cymb o r í Hero, H oÖHTa11* y npe3Birrepa, H a^Jiaaiiie no oöimaio a*fejio CBoe. ÜOTOMb we MaTH ero, HKO ero HCKaBiuiH BT> rpaa-fe CBoeMb H He oSp-feTe111 ero, ciwajiH CH no n e M b . T a i e no A b H b x t M H o r t x T . CJlblUiaBblllH, Klfle WHBeTb, H aÖHe yCTpbMHCH no Hb Cb TH^BlMb BeJIHKbMb, H npHUieaiiiiH BT. npewe peneHUH r p a a i , H H C K A B I M H , oßp^Te H BT> aoMy npesBHTepoB-FE, H HMT>LUH, Bneiauie 1 1 * H BT. rpaa*b CBOH 6HK>IIJH. M BT» a o M i

CBOH NPHBEABIIIH H, a a n p e T H e M y , r J i a r o j i i o n i H ,

HKO:

He HMauiH OTHTH MeHe. EJIHKO 60 ame KaMO HaeuiH, asb meaiiuH H oßptrbuiH TH, ciBH3aHa, 6HIOIIIH, npHBeay BT. CHH rpaab.« T t r a a we 6jiaweHi>IH eoaocHH MOJinuiecn 6 o r y , no BCH ABHH XOAH BT>

»Ki

TOMY

UbpKT.Bb 6OWIIIO.

E t we ciMtpeHT. cbpabUbMb H noKopHBT» KI Bbc-feMi, HKO w e H BJiacTeJiHHT, rpaaa Toro, BHA^BT, 0Tp0Ka BT> TaKOMb ciMtpeHHH H noKopeHHH c y m a , BT.3JIK>6H H B Í J I O , H noBeirfe w e eMy, na npeßuBaeTb y Hero BT> Q B P K I B H . B i a a c r b 1 1 ' w e eMy H oaewio CB-fcTbJiy, aa xoaHTb BT. HeH. BnaweHbiH we , CaMT. We BT» x y a u s nipTbl 06"WIKT.CH11', TH TaKO xowauie. BnacTeJiHHT, w e , BHa^BbiH11' TaKO xoaniua, H nanu HHy BiaacTb o a e w » , BHinbiiiio nbpBbin, MOJIH H , aa xoaHTb BT> Hen. OHT> we ciHbMb, H Ty on»na. Cnue w e MHoranibabi ciTBopn, HKO we cya«n TO y B t a t B T , u n o 1 , , ) ßojibiuHMT. Hanan, JIK>6HTH H, Mioancn ciMtpeHHio ero. rio

CHXb

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eaHHOMy

OTT.

KyaHbUb,

nooejit eMy wejrfeso ciHenHTo CT»HOB3TH , nwe H BiabMi 1 * 1 H npenoncacH HMb B I Mpecjia CBOH, H TAKO xowauie. Hiejrfeay we y a i K y cymw H r p u a y m i o c H 1 " BT> rfejio ero, OHT> we npeßbiBaine, HKO HHMbco1" we CKIPßBHA OTT> Hero npneMjin •rfejiy CBoeMy.

40

Hagiography Tane

HKO

AMBAIMEMI1"

Bbcfem. 60 r p a m a T o r o B e j i b M o m a M i . B I TT> « B H B

oCtat

y

BejrtTH

eMy

H 6HBT>UIIO FLBHH n p a a « b -

CNYWEHHE. Ha

Hanan.

MIHOROMI,

iiaTH

CTOHTH

ero

ABHBMI1"

HHMbHy1*7,

BjiacreJiHHa, H noBeJitHo

H CJIYWHTH.

H

paAH

cero

BT. OAOKIO HHCTY, H a H n a n e

me,

oO.iemHCH

6t

y60 SjiaweHyyMv

noymameTH1"

HKO m e

BT> o j e m i o

H MATM

H cnuuiaaa

6i,

CBTTBJIY

Ha

BIANEMANIEMI1" C»eoaocHio

ero,

ewe

npeffi-

na

oójieierbcH

ecTb

CVTBOPHJIT..

HKO me eMy oCjiaiaiijiocH 1 " Bt oAemio HHCTy, npocn> me c u 1 * 1 YMIMB, He m e C i n o a t i H C H 1 " e « , OHa m e n p H . i t w b H O a b p H a m e 1 " ,

XOTHLUH H e r b e

BMA^TH,

H ce 60 BHA'T HA CPAIHUH ero KpiBb, cymio o n . Bi>rpuaeHHfl mejrb3a, H pamabN I U H C H 1 " rH^B-BMB Ha HB, H CT> npocTHio BT.CTaBi.ujH H pacTbpaaBiuiH copoQNI;K) HA HEMB, 6HK>U;H m e , H OTT>H mejrfeao o n . i p e c j n . e r o . B o m H H m e

orpoKi,

HKO HHHbco me 3vna He NPHHTB o n . Hen, O6t..ikt>CH H ìueAT., cjiymaiue npeAt BT.3JiemamHMH

Cip BbCHKOIO

THXOCTHK).

* Tane

no

BpeMeHH

nanu

rocnofla rjiarojrioma : Aufe Mene ne udemb,

H-feKorop'feMb, cnuuia

nmo ne ocmaeumi>

u Hay Humeen orni Mene, ufeme1'1

H naKbi: TIpudrbme

mo Hibcmb Mene docmouHb.

mpyMcaKiu+EUCJI u oSpcMenenuu,

u an

BT. CBnrfcMb

noKoio eu.

BiabMtome

HKO Kp%rm>Kb ecMb u cbMibpem

noKou dytuaMb aauiuMb.

Etaneejiuu u n CAtb&b

ombi+a MAU Mamepe

kt> Mhnn> tbcu

xpbMi

MOU na

cbpdbybMb,

u

ex,

oópn-

CH me cjiwuiaBT. 60r0aT>XH0BeHUH eofloCHii,

H pamAbrbCH 1 " CombcxBbHOio pbBbHocTHio H JIK>6T.BHK> H AumaHHeMT. 6omHeMi, noubiuiJiHauie,

Kano

Ilo ewiywaio

HJIH Kne n o c r p t m n c H

TaMO AbHH M i H o r u ,

6jiameHUH me p a a i

TeJiecbHbiH,

Et

H TAKO ycTpbMHCH

60 cjibiujajn. 0

MaTepe

CBoen.

Ha c e n o , H HKO m e

npe6brrH

eH

CUBT. , n0M0JiHBi>CH 6 o r y , H HSHfle OTaH

H3T. A O M y , He HMbiH y c e 6 e HHHbco m e , fffejia

H yTaHTHCH

m e 6 o m H i o OTT>Hae MaTH e r o

paaBt

o a e m a TH M a n o x j r f c 6 a ,

KT> K u e B y

MaHacTupHxT.,

Ty

HeMom»

ropo^y.

cymHHXi.

He

B-^AUH me

nyTH,

MOJiHiuecH 6ory, na6u oSpiin. CT>nyTbHHKu, HanpaBJiHioina H Ha nyTb mejiaHHH. M ce, no npHKJnowaio Somnio, 6-fewa HHyme 1 *' riyTbMb rfeMb KynbUH Ha Boa'fcxi» C I C P E M E H M 1 " R N M B K U . YB-BS^BT. m e H 6 j i a m e H U H , HKO BT. T I m e r p a A T . « A Y T B , npocJiaBH

Cora,

H HAHWETB1"

BT. CJI^AT. HXT> H 3 A a j i e M a ,

He

HBJIHHCH

HMT>.

M

OH^MT. m e C T A B I U I E M T . 1 " Ha HOIUBH'FCMB cTdHOBHu^H, 6 j i a m e H b i H m e He A O H A A 1 4 1 , HKO

H 3bp-THMO

HXT., TY

me

onoMHBaauie,

EAHHOMY

6ory

C^6NI0AAL0^^L0 M ,

M TaKO HAbiH TpbMH HeAtnHMH, AOH^e npeme peieHaaro [rpaAa]. NPHINEAI»

H O6BXOAH

BCH

npHHTT» HMH 6y«eTb. XYNAMH

ofijieMeHa,

He

MAHACTUPN,

OHM me, paMHina

Tano, Aa Ha M-fccTO, HAeme

XOTH

6UTH

MHHXT. , H MOJIHCH

BHA"FEBT>uie oTpona Toro

npiiHTH.

TirAa

Cwue

npocTocTb me

6ory

H.

me

HMT. ,

H pnaaMH

na

me

H3BOJIHBT>UHO14*

6on.Mb ori. yHOCTH no3i>BaHi, Ha TO me Beat-

uiecH 1 ". TI>rAa

me

60

cjiuinaBi

H OKPNNARTBT. m e y M i M b , HyMy eMy,

AHTOHHK», Aa6bi y

»HAAO,

HH*txT»

CjrameH-feMb AHTOHHH,

BMA^BI,

TU

KT> n e m e p t .

H naAi>

6bijn>. BejiHKbiH m e

BHAHIIIH JIH n e m e p y

M-fccrb,

M t c r f c ceMb

erome

Hero

o

ycTpbMHCn

me

CKipÓH.«

yHi>

HKO

npHuibAi

noK.ioHHCH

AHTOHHH

CHIO, C K i p Ò H O

chjH 145 ,

wiiBymHHMb

M

me

eMy

Ka3auie

eyme

MHIO,

He

BT.

neu;ep%,

npenoAOGb-

CT. c j i b a a M H H,

MÌCTO H

KT.

MO.THCH

rjiarojin: H

rtcHÌHiiie

HMauiH

nane

Tbpn-feTH

Ha

The we

Ce

He TIKMO

HKO N .

npoapH,

Life

HCKyman

xomme

41

of Theodos ius

N,

r j i a r o j i a m e , HT> H n p o s o p o t b B H M a

BiarpaflirrH

MTCTO TO H x a H a c r u p b

cam

OIHMB

cjiaBbHi

ClTBOpüTH Ha C l ß b p a H H e MHOWbCTBy HbpHbQb. BorofliiHOBeHUH »Biwb

1

we

CT. yMHJIEBHEMB:

eoAocira OTB-fema e * y

MbCTbHbiH O T b s e , HKO npopaayMbHHK-b BCRibCKUHX'b, 6ON>, n p a -

",

Bene MH K I CBHTOCTH TBOCH, H cnacTH MH BEJIH, RFEMT w e ,

EJIHKO MH BEJIHIUH

CbTBOpHTM, CbTBOpiO.« Tir^a

AHTOHHH:

r j i a r o j i a eMy ßjiaweHbin

» B j i a r o c J i o B e H i ß o r a , q a a o , yKp-fenHBUH 1 4 ' TH Ha c e

H c e »rfecTO I

ramaHHe,

B y A H BT, H e M b . « OeofloCHH w e H noBeJrt pHSbmo

n a K b i ' " NANI n0KJi0HHCH e M y , T a s e ÖJiarocjioßH H C T a p b a b ,

BeJiHKOMy

HcnycbHy,

CBHTblHXl

ÜHKOHy* ocrp-fem« H, npoaBHTepy H noHM-b1"

nwe

GnaweHaro

H HbpHO-

TOMy c y m i o H,

OeoAoeHH

OTbUb OCTpHrblH 1 ' 1 , o C j i e H e 1 " H Bl> MbHHIÜbCKyiO

no

oöuMaio

onemto.

O T b i i b w e Hann» e0A0CHH, n p e f l a B i c n 6 o r y H n p e n o a o ö b H y y M y

AHTOHH»,

H OTTOJrb n o a a n u i e c H Ha T p y n u RFEJIECBHUH H Ö I A H W E ' " n o BCH HOIUH BT. cJiaBOCJlOBJieHHH ßOWHH, CbHbHyiO THrOCTb OTrOHH, K l CBoeio

TpywancH,

NCANIMBCKOE «bCJt eprbXU

Buotcbl,t

OHO CJIOBO: M O » .

Ä4JIO CBoe

pyKaMa 'PfcMb

fftnan,

ctMibpenue

BbCb C l

B-b3flbp>KaHHK> W e H nJIlTHK)

H

B-bcnoMHHan

Moe

no

BbCH

u mpydr> m o u ,

BbCfcMb BT.3AbpWaHHeMb

AyUIiO

u

AbHH ocmaeu

ClM^pHailie ,

r f c j i o w e naKbi TpyAT>MB H noABHaaHneMb s p y i a a i i i e 1 " , HKO AHBHTHCH n p e n o A O ß b H y y M y A H T O H H » H BeJiHKOMy HNKOHY ciM'fcpeHHio e r o H n o K o p e H H i o , H TOJiHKy e r o BT. yHocTM ÖJiaroHpaabCTBy H yKp-feruieHHio H 6T>APOCTH, H BEJIBMH o BbceMb npocnaBHCTa1"

6ora. *

MaTH

we

ero,

rpafl'fexT., H HKO He

HCKABIUIH

MHoro

o6piTe1>7

n b p c H CBOH, HKO H n o

ero,

MpbTBtMb.

BT.

rpa^t

njiaKaauiecn

cBoeMb no

H

BI

OKpbCTbHHXT.

HeMb, Jitorfc ÖHIOIUH BI>

M aan0B"feaaH0 xce ßiJCTb n o BceH

TOH, aiue KI>Ae BHA-feBime T a n o r o O T p o n a , « a

npumbAime,

CTpaHt

BI3B-fccTHTH MaTepn

ero. I i c e , n p H i i i b A i u i e OTT> KbieBa, H NOBTAAUIA ew, HKO: » ü p e w e CHXI 4 -TBN. BHA^XOMBT1** H BT. HauieMb r p a f f f e xoAHiua H x o m m a OCTptlUHCH BT. eAHHOMb OTb MaHaCTbipeBT..« H TO cJiumaBi>IIIH OHA, H He O6JI^HHBI>IIIHCH H TAMO HTH, H HH Ma.io noMbAbJiHBi.UIH, HH H t J i r o T U

we

nyTH ySoHBiuiHCH. BT. n p e w e p e i e H H H

we

rpaai

HAe Ha Bi>3HCKaHHe c w H a C B o e r o , H w e H npHuieniixiH BI> r p a a i i - b n 1 ' * , o 6 b x o A H BBCH MaHacTbipn,

HIUIOIMH

ero.

riocJi-feaH w e n o B t A O i u a eH, HKO B I n e m e p t ecTb y n p e n o f l o ß t H a a r o AHTOHHH. O H a w e H TaMO HAe, Aa H TaMO o ß p n m e T b . M ce H a i a r b c r a p b i j a jibCTHio BbiabiBaTH, r u a r o j i i o i i i H HKO:

»JX&

peneTe

npenoAoßbHyyMy,

npHHAOXT», XOTHUIH CeCtAOBaTH K l ÖJiarocJioBJieHa

6yAy

H aai

OTI

Aa H3HAeTb: c e

60 MHOIT. n y T b

rr.HaBT.uiH,

T e ß t H nOKJIOHHTHCH CBHTbIHH TBOeH, H fla

Teöe.«

H Bi3B-femeno ßbicTb CTapbmo 0 Hew, H ce H3HAe KT. HeH. E r o w e BHA^BIIUH , H noK.TOHHCH e M y . T a w e cfeAT.uie.Ma H M a 1 " ,

Ha'iaTT. w e H a n p o c T n p a T H KT. HeMy

S e c t a y M H o r y , n o c J i t A « « AOMy CH no BOJIH CBoen, TT>HMO me »a NE OTbJiyiaHCH MeHe. H er«a TH y M b p y , TBI me norpe6emn rfc.no Moe, TH TIR^a BiaBpaTHiiiHCH BI nemepy

CHIO, HKO m e x o m e u i H .

H e T b p n j i i o 6 0 MHBA 6 U T H , He BHAHIUH T e 6 e . «

EjiameHUH me pene KT. Hen: » T o AME x o m e u i H BHA^TH MH n o BCH ABHH, HAH BI> CHH r p a A b , H BBWBFLBIIJH

Bb eAHH*B MaHacTbipb m e H i , H Ty ocTpHancH 1 ", H Tano NPNXOAHMH CFCMO, BHAHMU MH. KT> CHMT> me H cnaceHne AyuiH npHMemn. A m e JIH c e r o He TBOpniuH,

TO HCTHHY TH m a r ó n » :

CHUÍMH

me

H HHÍMH

KI

TOMY JiHua M o e r o HE HMAMH

MHoruHMH

yB-FEIUABAN MATEPB CBOIO, O H B H 1 , 7

me

HaKa3aHH'"

npeCuBaame

BHA^TH.« no

o TOMB He XOTHIUH HH noH-fc

BCH AI>HH nocjiymaTH

e r o , H er«a 0TX0mame OTT> Hero, TbrAa 6jiameHbiH, Btmeíp. Bb n e m e p y , MOJIHrnecH 6 o r y npHJi-FEWHO O cnaceHHH MaTepe cBoen H oGpameHHH cbp«bua en Ha nocJiymaHHe. Bon> me

ycnuma

MOJiHTBy yronbHHKa CBoero. O ceMb 60 cJiOBec» pene

The npopoKi:

Bau**

mtopumb,

u MOAumty

Bt>

eocnodb

eAHHi

60

Life

of

npiuu4khbt>iiih m e e w bi « o ß p - f e HcnoB-fcflaHHH

O f l e w »

MHOra, Ce

h

AyuiH,

c i n a c e H n e

H

npocnaBH

y c u i e

ÖJiaweHaaro

'

1

1

.

OTbua

Harnero

eoAOCHH

o r b

yHbi

B b p c n j

nocne,

ecTb.

'

ÄOHaewe r i p m u e bt. n e m e p y . M a T H w e e r o cinoBifla e ^ H H O M y ott> ó p a T H H , HMeHbMb O e o A o p y , » m e 6 t K e j i a p b n p n OTbqn l i a u i e M b CteojocHH, a 3 i > m e ott. Hero bch ch cnuuiaBT., OHOMy cbnoB-kaaK>mK>"* mh, h BinHcaxt, Ha n a M H T b BCfeMT. n O H H T a f O U ^ H M ' b H . . . B i r o j k H H K T . «= y r o A b H H K i . n H c a B i i w o mh dat. abt. (caut.). ' cbhtoio . . . 1

1

CTpacTOTpbnuio

imp/. '

gen.

1 tg.

(aor.)

'

du.

noHyAHxiCH

: dura.

'

n p H H M i . p . a. p . : n p H R T H . dat.

mh

abt.

BbcnutHb

"

•• H » < e

c o n d . 1 tg.

noB^atTH.

niuiecu

BbCRKT..

Ojiioauh

u

: HCTnaaTH.

'

• e

BiBepbaHCH

"

6ory

"

abt.

Outh. Ojiiocth. **

pr.

peKT>mioyMy

BicnoMHHaiouiio

d a t . abt.

: BiaJieiH

eme art. ref. e x t e art. ref.

i n s l r . p l . : JTbJio.

pr.

"

tg.

6-bxb

: B-bBbprHyTHCR.

B i a j i n r y T b p r . 3 pt.

(cau».).

a. p., det. : a. p., det. :

ChiH

-

2 tg.

imp.

B J i a a b J H H i r t H a m e n ö o r o p o f f H i r t gen.

M-bHHTH.

pr.

: ooHynHTHCH.

1 tg.

Outb.

c y m i o c i n H c a H y dat.

"

1 sg. : instr. tg. : art. ref. BbCH.

M-bHio

14

(caut.).

aor.

Chi p r . a . p . :

MHTHe.

jiioöobhio.

"

Obix»

(caus.).

periphr.

. . . HCTRaajn.

"

noB^jurre

xothiuio ... mh

imp. t

pl.:

2 pl. : c j i b i m a m . " d a l . abt. (caut.). " rocnoaeBH dat. tg. : rocnoflb. " MajiUKO and the following form» i n the tarne tentence : Bbcenpbn o a a T e n i o , OTMe voc. " OTBbpaH i m p . 2 tg. : O T B p l i C T H . •• y c T H t acc. du. : 11 6*6CTa and the following >CT[bjHa. formt in the tarne tendence : pouncra, npHHecocia aor. 3 du. : poflHTH, n p n u e c T H . " p o A H T e j i n nom. d u . " K p e c T H H H b c r f i H loc. tg. f. •* c n u m a c T e a o r .

h, M

Outh,

h

acc.

sg. :

Hb

prtp.

Bt

" kt»pmhmt. p r .

ort..

+ acc.

tg. :

oht..

"

p. p . : KipMHTH.

HcnoB-tCTb p r .

3 tg.:

p o a H T e j i e M a CBOHMa i n « ! r .

HcnoB-bjrfeTH.

npeMyap-feH

"

du.

comp. :

bt.chr — bicchh a o r . 3 tg. : bicchhth. " H H H 3 K ) noBeü'faB'bUJK) dat. abt. h3bojihbi>iiiio dat. abt. (caut.). " n o O j i n a r o gen. tg. : s oOjihh. " y i e hhuh n o m . p l . : yieHHin.. " C T B o p e j i i . periphr. p. (pluperf.) : c(i1tbophth. " ynac o x i . aor. 1 tg. : y n a c T H . c i ö ^ i o m p. a. p. : c t>öjiiocth. B-SpbHe doc. : B - S p b H i . . y M H O W H B u n p . a . p . , det. : vmho)KKTh. M H p y d a l . pott. : MUp-b. " p a c r u H p . a. p.: npeMynpi.

(caus.).

"

Oory

41

41

44

14

: pacTH.

det. 44

H3Bbine

"

aor. 3 tg. :

npHflTH. 44

4

' cymio

ciBbpbCTbHHKU

B e . i R u j i o d a l . abt. tg.

14

acc. du. :

Hora.

44

HCTa in

44

acc.

: iiyflHTH.

(caut.)

aor. 3 tg. :

d a l . abt.

ciTHwaTH.

(temp.).

44

H a c c . tg.

: OHt.

the

pr.

tarne

tentence

KopHB-kma

OHOMy

p . a. p.

peKiuieMi h a c c . tg.

44

rth.

3 tg.

3 tg. :

noBbpwe

41

owfeMT» "

HHieco

=

aor.

3 du.

3 tg.

: riHUTH,

f . : aaTBopHTH.

dat. abt.

tg.

(temp.).

"

HiupeBa

noHMiujH

htm.

asoio

44 44

pr.

44

" =

a. p. f.

npHCTHrsuia

44

cinn

ew gen.

=

tckt. Oory

iiHKOMy

iic M p e B a . abt.

: iiohth.

p. a. p.,

nixauieTb

iipHiiibaiiuH du.

aor.

3 tg. :

HaHbHnuie

O T i i i b a i i u i o dat.

nixauieTH

abHHio

"

41

: OHb.

: HaiaTH.

3 tg.

He B t a y m i o

nactyxy

: KopHTH. 44

du. aor.

ref. y i i o u i a . a b s . (temp.).

HHHero. "

aor.

gen.

(caus.).

"

: noBbprityTH.

p . a . p . , f . : nom.

oOtmaBiuiiocH

dal.

'4

eio

npHRTb

art.

: ont.

: HaanaMeHaTH.

Bi.a(a)pacTH.

aor.

abt.

H»p6bao adj. '** BuibromeMi •= acmbminetrb. " ' Hmbumiebn HbHbun. dat. abt. (temp.). CbiB-bniK) SbHH npaaflbHBWbHy dat. abt. (cau«.). BbcfeMi . . . BejibMomaMT. . . . BiajiewameM-b dat. abt. (caus.). noymameTH = noyiuauieTb imp/. 3 tg. : noymaTB. 1,1 cu pr. a. p. : CbiTfl. eMy oCJiaiamiocH dat. abt. (temp.). GJHOXUBCR pr. a. p., det. : OjiiocTBCfl. abpname imp/. 3 tg. : sbptTB. paasbnuiBCH =• paambrauiHCH p. a. p. /. : pasmeiQJicn. oOpmuere pr. 2 pi. : oCp-fccTB. pamflbr-bcH - paawbrbcn p. a. p. m. : 11 ' ( t m a anyuie periphr. p. (progrettiue). paawemacfl. "' OpeMeHu rambKu inttr. pi. anameTb imp/. 3 tg. : BTB. OH'TTN».. . craBimeMi dat. abt. (temp.). l u noBjta pr. a. p.: , u noBTB. Cory cbOnionaioiuio dat. abt. {temp.). "* Gory BSBOJIBBIUIIO dat. abt. (caus.). , u Beirtmecn imp/. 3 tg. : BecTBcn. CUB pr. a. p., del. : OUTB. B-fcWb imp. 2 tg. : BíjrtTB. >" yKptnHBbiH p. a. p., det. : ynptneTB. •«» nam. p. a. p. : nacTB. nposBBTepy . . . cyiuio 1,1 ocrparua p. a. p., det. : ocTpaia. . . . acKycbHy dat. abt. '" noBMi p. a. p. : noHTB. oOjiene aor. 3 tg. : oSjrbina. Oíanme imp/. 3 tg. : OifltTH. Bflwb imp. 2 tg. : BBA-ATB. "* npyfaame imp/. 3 tg. : npyHBTa. npoonaBBCTa aor. 3 du. : npoc-iaBHTH. oOptTe aor. 3 tg. : oOptcTH. '•* B B A ^ X O H U — B B A ^ X O M I aor. 1 pi. : BHIRTTH. R B B acc. tg. : Tb. 1,1 CB pert. reft, pron., dat. (rbflimeMa m a dat. abt. du. (temp.). Hmbjn> - flcuibai ,M p. a. p. : B 3 B T B . >** BMUB p. a. p., det. : HTB. C I K P U B U H p. a. p., det. : ciHpbiTB. '** OCTPB8BCH imp. : ocTpBHBCH. HaKa3aHB(H) m«!r. pi. : HaKaaaHBe. OBIB OBOB dat. tg. : OHan. "* BeJiBMan pr. p. p., acc. pi. n. : BeJTbTB. " ' C o r y TBOPHIHIO dat. abt. 1,1 yctne aor. 3 tg. : ycbHyTB. aMCHyeMi pr. p. p. : BMCHOBaTB. "• OHOMy CT.noB'bnaiotuio dat. abt.

* Theodosius (ca. 1036-74), secular name unknown, one of tbe first abbots of the Cave Monastery. b Antonlus (b. In L'ubei 982 - d. 1072), secular name Antipas, the founder of tbe Cave Monastery. c Vasilev, now Vasil'Jevka, a town near Kiev. d Kursk, a town in the principality of Novgorod-Seversk. e Nikon, called "the Great" (d. 1088), a monk of the Cave Monastery, temporarily exiled to Tmutarakan', later elected abbot of the monastery; an enigmatic personage whose biography Is unclear.

N E S T O R ' S N A R R A T I V E OF T H E NAMING OF T H E CAVE M O N A S T E R Y Nestor's a c c o u n t of the origin of the name of the Cave Monastery, an independent n a r r a t i v e perhaps written by this author or by the first compiler of the Chronicle, is entered in this work under the year 1051, but has no specific or clear connection with this date. It is the story of the founding of the Cave Monastery by S t . Antonius after his return from the Byzantine Monastery of Athos. The site upon which the Cave Monastery was built is described as a c a v e

The Naming of the Cave

Monastery

45

to which Hilarión, then presbyter at Prince Jaroslav's private church at his estate, Berestovo, used to retire for prayer and contemplation. Considerable stress is laid on the fact that the monastery was established in strict accordance with the stringent regulation of the Studion Monastery in Constantinople. The text is taken from IIojiHoe co6pawie pyccKHx jieronHceft (2d ed.; Leningrad, 1926), Vol. I, col. 155-60.

HecropoBO 0i>K&3aHHe qero paj;H n p o s B a c a neiepbCKMH M&Harrupb 11 ce j a CKSDKeMi, MTO paAH nposBacH rieiepbCKbiH Manacrbipbl EoroJiK>6HBOMY 6o KHHBIO flpocjiaBy» JHOGHIAIO 1 EepecT0B0e b H A B P H I B B ry cymioio C B H T M X T . AnocroJii> H norm Muoru HA6FTHMK)*, B I HKiwe &b npeaBHTepb HMEUEMB HjiapHOHT>c, Mywb 6jian>, K H H W E H B H IIOCTHHKT>. H xowauie c i BepecTOBaro Ha ^H-bnpi Ha X O J I M I , HUIRFE BETXBIH MaiiacTbipb íleHepbC K U H , H Ty MOJiHTBy TBopnuie. B t 6o Ty x i c b B e j i H K i . HcKona neiepKy MaJiy ABycameHy, H npHXOflH c i EepecTOBOro ornisaiiie nacu H MOJifluieca Ty 6ory BTaHHe. r i o c e M b m e S o n . KHH3K> BJIOWH B * c b p A b u e H n o c r a B H H* MHTponoJiH-

TOMb BI cBHrfeH CobH6ia f . M BT.3JIO>KH ceMy Core. BT. CbpAbue BI CTpaHy HTH. OHI we yeTpeMHeH Bb CBHTyio ropy g h BHA"fc Ty HaHacTupb cymn, H OCHXOAHBT.* BT>3JIIO6HBI HepHenbCKbiH oCpas-b, npH«e BT. xaHacTbipb Ty H yMOJiH HryMeHa Toro, naCbi Ha Hb BiajiowHrn. o6pasi> MHHinbCKUH. Oht> mt nocjiyniaBT. ero nocTpHme H Hapen-b* HMH eMy AHTOHHH, HanasaBi. ero H Hay*wBT> qepHeibCKOMy o6pa3y. H peie eMy: »Hah BI> Pycb oriHTb H 6y«n 6jiar0CJi0BJieHbe orb C B H T U H Topi-i.« H peie eMy HKO: »Orb Te6e MHO3H lepHbiiH 6MTH HMyTb.« BjiarocJioBH H H OTnycTH ero, peKi eMy: »Hah CT> MnpoMb.« AHTOHHH we npHAe KueBy H MbicJinrae, K/RFC 6 U W H T H . H XOAH no MaHaCTbipeMi H He BT.3JIIO6H 6ory HH xoTHmio'. M nona XOAHTH no ^e6pem> H no ropa Mi, «ma, k a í 6m eMy 6o n> nonasam., H npnae Ha XOJIMT. , h a í HjiapHOHi HCKonaji-b newepny. M BI>3JIÌO6H M-ÈCTO ce H BcenncH BT> He*. H Haia MOJIHTHCH Cory co cjieaaMH rjiarojin : »rocnoAH, yTBepAH HH BT> wfecrfe ceMb, H «a CyAen. Ha M-fccrfe ceMb ÓJiaroCJioBeHbe C B H T U H Topu H Moero HryMeHa, Kwe MH nocTpHram>.« M noia WHTH Ty MOJIH 6ora, H A U H ' xjrfe6i> c y x i H Towe l e p e c i AbHb, H BOflti BT> M"fepy BKvrnaH, xonan nenepy. H ne Aa co6i ynonoH, AbHb H Homb BT. TpyA"feXT> npeGblBaH, BT. 6T>A"feHbH H BT. MOJIHTBaXl. IIoceMb me yBtfl-feuia10 AoSpHH qenoB-feuH H npuxoAHxy Kb HeMy, npHHOCHiue we eMy, eme Ha noTpeCy M npocjiy 11 HKOwe B e J i H K U H A H T O H H H . npnxoflHme K*b HeMy npocnxy y Hero ònarocnoBeHbH. rioceMb we npecTaBJibimocH1' BejiHKOMy KHHBIO flpocjiaBy", np«H BJiacTb cbiHT. ero HsHCJiaBbh H c t a e K W E B T . AHTOHHH we npocJiaBJieHi 6bictb BT>

46

Hagiography

PycbCK-fcH 3eMJiH. MancjiaBi w e , yB-fejrfcBt wHTbe ero, npHAe c ApywHHo» CBoeio, npocfl y Hero ÔJiarocJiOBeHbH H MOJIHTBU. H y o ^ a a m 6hicn> BC&mh BeJIHKUH AHTOHHH H MTHMT.. M HawaUia npHXOAHTH KT. HeMy ÔpaTbH, h «ana npHHMaTH H nocTpHraTH H 1 4 , H coCpacH 6paTbH KT. HeMy MHCJIOMT. 12. M HCKOnaiiia nenepy BeJiHxy h ubpniBb H «eJibH, « w e cyTb h no cero nbHe BT. nenept n o n i BeTXiiab MaHacTupeMb. CoBiKynjieH-fc" we SpaTbH 1 *, pene hmt> AHTOHHH: »Ce 6orb Baci., öpaTbH, coBiKynn, H OTT. ÔJiarocJiOBeHbH ecTe CBHTUH Tophi, a H3T> B a c i nocTpHrajn.. fla 6 y a « ÖJiaroc-ioBeHbe Ha B a c i nepBO OTb Cora, a BTopoe o n CBHTUH Topbi!« M ce peKi HMT>: »JKHBtTe we o c o 6 t , H noeraBJiio B U nryMeiia. A caMi XOHIO BT. OHy ropy HTM e«HHT>, Hxome H npewe 6 u x i oôbiKjn." yeflHHHBtCH WHTH.« H nocTaBH H mi HryMeHOMb BapjiaMa', a caMT. HAe BT. ropy H HCKona nenepy, nwe ecTb noni HOBUMT. MaHacTupeMT., BT. neHwe CKOHwa WHBOTT. CBOH, WHBT. BT. aoöpoA'feTeJiH, He BbixoRH He nenepu j i t n . 40 HeKAiwe, BT. Henwe jiewaTb Moiue ero H AO cero nbHe. BpaTbH we CT. HryMeHOMb WHBflxy BT. nenepe. H yMHOWHBuiHMCH 6paTbH la BT> nenept H He HMyii]HMT> en BMÌICTHTH , H noMUCJiHiiia nocTaBHTH BH-fe newepu MaHacTbipb. H npnne HryMeHT. H CpaTbH KO AHTOHb» H penouia eMy: »Orane, yMHowHJiacH 6paTbH, a He MOweMi CH BMÌCTHTH BT. nenepy. fla 6 u 6on> noBeJitJii H TBOH MOJiHTBa, a a 6UXOMI nocTaBHJiM" ubpKi>Bbmo BHÌ neiepu.« H

noBeJit

HMT.

AHTOHHH.

OHH

we

noKJioHHiiiacn

eMy.

H

nocTaBHma

UbpK-bBbUK) Majiy hiht> nemepoK) BO HMH C B H T U H Eoropoanua Ycnenbe. H nana Cori. yMHowaTH MepHopH3ut* 0 MOJiHTBaMH cBHTbiH SoroponHua. H c i b a t i CTBopHiua 6paTbH co HryMeHOMb nocTaBHTH MaHacTbipb H HAOuia 6paTbH KO

AuTOHbK) H p-fcma :

»OTbMe, 6paTbn yMHOwaioTCH, a x o r t J i H CUXOMT» nocTaBHTH MaHacTbipbI« we p a n i Cubi pewe: »EnarocJiOBeHT. Con. o BceMb, H MOJIHTBS CBHTUH ßoropOAHua H cymHxi OTbUb H w e " BT. CBHTfeH T o p t Aa öyaeTb CT. BaMH !< M ce p e n i , nocjia ENWHORO o n . C p a T b i " KO HaHCJiaBy KHH3K>, pena* 1 AHTOHHH

TaKO:

»KHHwe MOH, ce Core. yMiiowaeTb SpaTbio, a MtcTbue Majio. ¿(a 6u HU aajiT. ropy Ty, nwe ecTb HaAi newepoio?« HancjiaBT. we cJiuuiaBi. H paat- CucTb. nocjia Mywb CBOH H BiAa" HMT» ropy Ty. MryMem. we H OpaTbH aajiowHiua ubpKiBb BejiHKy H MaHacTupb oropoAHiua, a CT> CTOJinbeMb K e j i b i " nocTaBHiua MHoru, ubpHiBb cBepuiHuia H HKOHaMH yKpacHuia. M OTTOJit nona IleiepbCKUH MaHacTupb. PlMbwe 6-fewa hsh.ih nepHbtiH npewe BT. n e 4 e p t , . a o r i Toro nposBacn IleMepbCKUH MaHacTupb. EcTb we MaHacTupb üenepbCKUH o n CjiarocjioBeiibn CBHTUH Topu noiuejrb, MaHacTupeBii we CBepiueHy** HryMeHbCTBO Aepwamw BapjiaMOBn". MancnaBT. we nocTaBH MaHacTupb CBHTaro J^mhtphh H BuneAe BapjiaMa Ha HryMeHbCTBO KT. CBHTOMy /jMHTpmo, xoTH CTBopHTH BuiiiHHH cero MaHaCTUpn, HaatflCH CoraTbCTBy. MH03H 6O MaHacTupw o n . u t e a p b H OTT> SonpT. H OTT. öoraTbCTBa nocTaBJieHH, HO He cyTb T a u n " , n a u H " cyTb nocTaBJieHH CJieaaMH, nomenbeMb, MOJIHTBO», 6iA"tHbeMb. AHTOHHH 6o He hmì sjiaTa HH c p e ö p a , HO

The Naming cm»»**

cjieaaxH •

of the Cave

47

Monattery

nonieHbeMb, nxowe rnarojiaxi. Bapnany we mentnao*1

KT. cBHTOMy ^MRTPHIO, C B S I N . C T B o p m e " , 6pan.H HAOMA KT> C T a p q » AHTOHI>»

H peKOina: »riocraBH HaMi HryxeHa.« OHT. we pene M N : »Koro xomeTe?« OHH w e p-fcrna: •Koro xoiqeTb 6on> « m . i H peie mn»: »KTO GOJIHH BT> Baci> am.we eoflocHH nocnymbJiHBUH, KPOTKMH, cirfcpeHUH? fla "> Syflen. BaMT. HryMem».« EpaTbH we paflH CbiBine noHjioHHiuacn CTapuio H nocraBHma e0A0CbH HryMeHOMi 6 p a T b i " HHCJIOMT. 20. e0fl0CHeBH we npHeMm»*4 MaHacrapb, noMa HirfeTH BianepwaHbe H BCJIHKO nomeHbe h MOJIHTBU CI CJiesaMH, • COBOKynJiHTH Haia MHoru qepHopnauH. H coBOKyna 6paTbt I H C J I O M I 100 h Baia HCKaTH npaBHJia lepHeibCKaro. M o6p-bTecfl" Toraa Maxamn., qepHeab MaHacrapH CTyflHHCKaro, awe 6-fe npHuieJii h at TpeKt c i MHTponojiHTOMb Teopr«eMbl. H Hana y Hero HCKara ycraBa lepHeub GrynHHCKHXi * • o O p t n . " y Hero H cnnca H ycTaBH BT. MaHacrapH CBoeMb: Kano irbin irbubH MaHacrapbCKa«, H noKJioHt Haiti nepwaTH, h HTeHbH nowHTarH, H CTOHHbe BT. abptriBH, H Becb pHfl-b ubpKiBbHbiR, M Ha Tpanea-fe crfe«aHbe, H HTO HCTH B kuh flbHH, Bee CT> ycraBJieHbeMb. eo«ocHH, BCC TO HsioCp-fen.*', npenacTb" iiaHacTbipio CBoeMy. Orb Toro we MaHacrapH nepenma BCH ManacnipeBe ycTaB-b. T-feiibwe nowTeHT> ecTb MaHacrapb IleqepbCKbiH CTap-fee Bcero, OeoAOCbeBH we w H B y m » " BT, MaHacrapH H npaBHnt» noCpofftreJibHoe WHTbe H lepHeibCKOe npaBHJio • npHHxaiontio BCHKoro npHiojyimaro KT. Heiiy. KT. Hexy we H a3T> npHnoxi 4 ' xyabiH H HeflOCTOHHMH p a 6 i , H npHim. 41 MH, jrfcrb MH c y m w " 17 orb poweHbH Moero. Ce we Hanacaxi H noJiowHXT., BT> Koe jrbTo nowani 6MTH MaHacrapb, H «JTO pajjH soBCTbCH ITeqepbCKUH, a o Oeo/iocbeB-FE WHTBH naKbi cKaweMi. 1 1

flpocnaBy Jiioflumy dat. abt. (eau*.).

H acc. tg. : OHV

p. a. p. : Hapem*. 1

* ocra am. 3 tg. : OCT&TB.

' HaOjwmio pr. a. p., dat. tg. : HaO(i)IRTTB. ' oOaxoaBB-K p. a. p. : OCBXOSBTB.

' Oory se XOTHUIO dat. aba. (caus.).

Hnm pr. a. p., del. : HCTB.

' Hapem

' BI He prep. + acc. *g. n. : OHO.

>* YVKJRBNIA am. 3 pl. : yirbrfera.

" npocjiy aor. 3 tg. : npo-

CJiyTB. " npecraBnbmiocfl p. a. p., dat. tg. : npecTaBB-nicH. " npencTaBJibnaocn . .. flpocJiyaB Jal. abe. (temp.). " n acc. pi. : OHT.. " coBiKynjieH-fc p. a. p., dat. tg. : COBiKynrm — CIBIKynHTH. " coBiKynneHt (»cil. cymH) OpanH dat. at», (temp.). " oOmun p. a. p. : odu11 yMHomHBmracfl OpaTbH dat. abt. (caut.). KHyTB. " OUXOHI nocTaBMjn cond. periphr. : Ouxom cond. 1 pi. + nocTaBHjiB. >• lepHopaaicb acc. pi. : pHopHSbi|b. " iwe Tel. art. rtf. OTbUb. •* CpaTbt gen. tg. : OpaTbH. " pena pr. a. p. : penis. ** Bi>na aor. 3 tg. : Binara. " Hejib-b acc. pi. : KOibfi. ** HasacTupeBH CBepmeny dat. abt. (temp.). " sepwauuo BapjiaMOBB dat. abt. (temp.). " Tana nom. pl. : TaKUH. " Hans nom. pl. : KantiB. crama aor. 3 tg. : c(i)THwaTB. " BapJiairy mejnono dat. abt. (temp.). " CTBopme p. a. p., nom. pl. : M H c(i)TBopBTB. Oparb-6 gen. tg. : OpaTHH. eonocHeBH npaeumio dat. abt. (temp.). " oOptTecH aor. 3 tg. : oOp'BETBER. o0p"ferb p. a. p. : oOptCTB. BSioOptTi. p. a. p. : H8(i)o6p-6CTH. •• npeaacTb aor. 3 tg. : npenaTB. " eoaocteBB xtBBymu dat. abt. (temp.). " npBJioxi aor. 1 tg. : npBTB. " npBHTT. aor. 3 tg. : npBRTB. 41 HB cymw dat. abt. (temp.) » Jaroslav, Great Prince of Kiev (1019-1054). b Berestovo, the Great Prince's estate on the river Dnieper, with Its private Church of the St. Apostles. c Hilarion, whose date and place of birth are unknown. He was at first a priest in Jaroslav's private church at Berestovo and an important ecclesiastical collaborator of the

48

Hagiography

prince. Elected Metropolitan of K i e v In 1051, be was the first Russian to occupy this high ecclesiastical post. He was removed In 1055 owing to the opposition of the Byzantine patriarch. Possibly identifiable with Nikon, mentioned in Nestor's Life o/ Theodotiu». Hllarion was also author of the famous Sermon on Law and Grace and other works. d The Cathedral of St. Sophia in Kiev, built In 1039. ® Antonius' secular name, here omitted, seem9 to bave been Antlpas. f The town of L ' u b e i . 8 The Holy Mount Athos, and its monastery of the same name, on the Chalcidlce peninsula. h Iz'aslav, Great Prince of K i e v (1054-68 and 1076-78). 1 Barlaam, the flrst abbot of the monastery (ca. 1050-57); also abbot of the Monastery of St. Demetrius (1057-65). J The Greek Metropolitan Georglus of Kiev (ca. 1062-79). k Statute of the Studlon Monastery In Byzantium.

M O N A S T I C L E G E N D S FROM T H E P A T E R I C O N OF T H E CAVE M O N A S T E R Y The Patericon, from which the following texts are taken, had as its point of departure an exchange of letters in the thirteenth century between two ecclesiastical personages from the Cave Monastery: Simon, who was appointed Bishop of Suzdal'; and Polycarpus, a man of erudition and uncommon literary abilities who, influenced by Simon's exhortative letters, remained an ordinary monk in the monastery. These letters, supplemented by additional material (tales from the lives of monks, etc.), gradually formed the Patericon of the Cave Monastery, representative of a literary genre well known in Byzantium. Some of these Narratives tell the monastic story of the miraculous founding of the monastery: The Founding of the Church of the Cave Monastery The Arrival of the Church-Builders from Constantinople The Arrival of the Iconographer from Constantinople. Others are dramatic and psychological novels typical of the hagiographical style: John and Sergius of the Cave Monastery St. Gregorius the Wonder-Worker Moses the Hungarian SS. The odor us and Basilius of the Cave Monastery Prince Sv'atosa of Cernigov. The narratives here reprinted are taken from riaTepHK KneBCKoro IleiepCKoro MoHacTupn, published by the Imperial Archeographical Commission (St. Petersburg, 1911).

The Founding

of the Church of the Cave

Monastery

49

1

THE FOUNDING OF THE CHURCH OF THE CAVE MONASTERY CJIOBO O COSRaHHH IjepKBH :

hbo (mhbhhmb npoBiucaoHb h npeiHCTija e r o e«3AaHa 6ucti> I^epKBH neiepbesaa

HSTepe

EuCTb b i 3emiH BapnmcKOH KH«ab ApHKaHT.», Span. flKyHa Cjr6naro b , Hwe OTfitme 1 o n anara Jiy«u, 6rhch mn>KOMb no flpocnaBt c i jiiotumi. McthcJiasoMb. H ceMy A$pHKaHy 6nxy nsa Cbraa: OpnaHAi» h IIIhmobic. Ilo citepra we o r n a e n * H a r m a H n y m 06010 6paTa o n ofijiacra e » . IIpHAe we IUhmoht. hi OnarortpHOMy khhsio Rameny HpocjiaByd, erowe npHHin»' bx iecTH uuime. H AacTB ero chhobh CBoeMy BceBOJiony«, « a CyAen CTap-feH* y Hero. IIpan* me BejiHKy BJiacTb oti BceBOJioaa. BHua me 6ucn> TanoBa jijo6bh ero kt. CBHTomy TOMy »rtcTy. npH 6jiaroB%piioMt> r BeJiHKOMb khhsr HaHCJiaB-fcf bt. Kiiea-h, IIonoBijeirb paTHio npRineAniRMi.' Ha Pycnyio 3enjrio bt> jt6to 1068, h HauAoma cne Tpiie flpocJiaBHHH bt. cptTeHHe Hin>: HaHCJiaBt, CBHTOcnaBi h Bcesonofli, hmhr' ct. C06010 h cero IIlHiioHa. IIpRmeAmHin» me hmt. kt. BeJiHKOny • CBHTOMy Ahtohh» mojihtbh paAR R CjiarocnoBeHHH, CTapeqb me OTBpiai* HejiombHan CBOH yera h xoTHmyio hmi. 6uth noru6ejn> hcho HcnoB-feAame. Chh me Bapnra, nafl-b Ha Hory crapbay, h MOJimneCH coxpaHeHy 6mth o n TaKOBUH frfeAti. BnameHHUH me peie TOMy: » 0 nano,

hko MH03R*

namyTb ocrpHeMb ueia, • CimantRirb bsutì1* on h hsbchr11 6 y A « T e n bt. b o a ^ HCTomrrecH. T u me,

cynocTaTb B a m H x i , nonpaHH

6biBT>, anfc HMainn n o j i o w e i n . 6uth bt. xoTHmen cosa&thch a e p K B H . « Bubwhmt. me hmi1* Ha Jlbrfct, cocTynnmacH njrbijH o6or, h 6owHHiib rH^BOHb no&tmeHH1* C u e » " xpHCTHaHe. H Mmanpun. hmt., noraaHH 6uma h BoeBOAU ct. MHomecTBOMb boh. ErAa me ycTynHmacH, Ty me h Whmoht. jiemame h3b6ht> nocpiirb hxt. . Biap-feBT. me rop-fe Ha He6o, h bhaì i;epK0Bb npeBeJiHKy, HKome npemAe bhaì> Ha MopH, h BicnoMHHy1' rnarojiu cnacoBU cnacem.

h pene: •rocnoAR,

H36aBH mh o n ropKHn chh CMepra MOJiHTBaMH npeiHCiwi npenoAo6Hyio omy Ahtohhh h eoA0CHHl< M Ty a6ne HtKan CHJia hbhtt.1* ero H3i> c p i « " MepTBuxT., r a6«e Hcqforfe1* o n paH-b h bch cboh o S p i n " trfejiu h sApaBbi. Ilaiai BiaBpaTHCfl kt. BeJiHKOMy Ahtohhio h CKaaa eiiy BenibflHBHy,TaKo

T B o e n Marepe

h

rjiaroJiH :

»Oreijb MOH AiJipHKaHT. cifltjia n p e c n — » HA HeMb H3o6pa3H OoroMywHoe noAOÓne XpHCTOBO HanncaHHeMb BariHUMi, — hobt. a^jiomt. HKome JIaraHa>> HTyTb,

BeJlHKT. jrfeilOMT. HKO 10 JiaKOTT. ;

H CeMy

MeCTb TBOpfl, OTei WPITOBHHKOMT. MOMMI.' A st. w e ori» CTpaxa naAOxcn, H o t r f c n H t B i " , J i e m a x i , ana MepTBi, h , BiCTaBi CKopo, BHHAOXT. BT. KopaCjib. M njlOBymHMt H a M l " SblCTb 6ypH BeJIHfl, HKO B r t M l H3M1> OTWaHTHCH >KHBOTa CBoero. H H a n a x i BIIIHTH: T o c n o A H , npocTH M H , HKO cero pa^H nonca flHecb n o r u 6 a i o , noHewe HSHXT» o n . weCTHaro TBoero H Heji0B"feK0n0A06Har0 TH o C p a a a l ' H

ce B H A t x i

uepKOBb r o p t

H ^0Mb^IllJIHX0M^.,,: ' K a n

CH ecTb uepKOBb?'

CucTb cBuuie rjiacT. KT. HaMT. r j i a r o j i H H " eme : ' X o m e r b

ciaaaTHCH o n .

H

npe-

n o « o 6 H a r o BT. HMH 6OWHH MaTepe, BT. Henme H TU HMaiuii nojiomeHT. 6UTH ! ' H HKOWe BHA^XOMl BeJIMHeCTBOMb H BbICOTOIO, paSM'fcpHBT. nOHCOMb T%Mb 3JiaTbiMb, 20 JiaKTeH BT, uiHpHHy H 30 BT. BUCOTy, c r t H U c i BepbxoMb 50. M u me BCH npocjiaBHxoMi 6ora H yrfeiiiHxoMCH panocTHio BeJiHKoio a-fejio, naGuBiuie rpiKbiH CMepTH. Ce w e H aohuh% He C B i A t " , r a t x o m e r a ci3flaTHCH noKaaaHHan MH uepKBH Ha MopH H Ha JIt»tì>, H y m e MH npn CMepTH c y m y " , cjibiuiaxT»

ora

TBOHXT. necTHUxi

ycTem,

HKO a;rfe MH noJiomeHy

aOHAeme 6UTH, BT>

XOTfliqeH CT>3A3THCH IjepKBH.« H H a e M i " AacTb noHCi. 3jiaTbiH, r j i a r o j i n : »Ce M'bpa H 0CH0BaHHe, CHH me BitHeqb na oó-femem. CyAen. Haa"b CBHTOIO T p a n e 3 0 » 1« Grapei;b me n o x B a j w 6ora o ceMb, p e n i BapnroBH : » M a n o , OTceJie He HapeneTCH HMH TBoe UIHMOHT., HO CHMOHT. Oyaera HMH TBOe.« RIPH3BABT> m e AHTOHHH 6 j i a m e H H a r o eoftocnH, »CHMOHE,

CHH

xomera

BT»3ABHRHYTH

TAKOBYW

pene:

ijepbKOBb.«

H A^CTb eMy n o n c i H B-fcHeub. M o r r o r e [CHMOHT.] BejiHKyio JiioóoBb HMnme KT> CBHTOMy eoAOCHio, noAaBi

eMy HM^HHH MHora Ha BiarpamAeHHe

MOHa-

CTblp».

H"feKoraa me ceMy CHMOHOBH npHiuefliiiy , 0 KT. 6jiameHHOMy, H no OGUMH^H S e c t A ^ pene KO CBHTOMy: » O r n e , npoiuy y Te6e Aapa eAHHaro.« e0A0CHH me pe- HeMy: » 0 M3A0, ITO npOCHTb TBOe BeJIHHbCTBO OTT. HaiIierO CMHpeHHH ?« CHMOHI

me

pewe:

»BeJiHKa nane H Bbiuie Moen CHJIU Tpe6yio a31. ora Te6e A a p a . « OeoAOCHH me pene: »CIB-fccH* 1 , H3A0, y60mbCTB0 Harne, Hme HHOrna MHoramAbi

H xjrfcGy He

OÒp-feCTHCH BT. AH6BHyiO nHUyr. HHOrO me He CbB^Mb, STO HM'fclO.« CHMOHT. m e

»Ame

rjiarojia:

xouieuiH, n O A a c n "

MH, MomeuiH 6o no AaHHtH TH CjiaroAaTH

on.

r o c n o a a , Hme HMeHOBa TH npenoAOÒHbiMT.. E r ^ a 6o CHHMaxi B-feHeub CT. rjiaBbi HncycoBbi, TOH MH pene : ' Hecn Ha yroTOBaHHoe MÌCTO H BAamAb BT. pyu% npen0A06H0My, Hme a H m e r a " uepKOBb MaTepe Moen.' H ce y6o n p o m y y Te6e, Aa MH A a c H * ' CJIOBO, HKO Aa 6nar0CJi0BHTb MH s y m a TBOH n n o m e BT. MHBORFE,

T3K0 H no CMepTH TBOeH H MOeH.« H

OTBTMA

CBHTUH:

51

The Founding of the Church of the Cerne Monastery

» 0 CHMOH6 , Bume CHJIU n p o m e H i e I H o a m e yapamH MA OTXOAHnja OTcyny CRTTA c e r o H n o Moeiib OTmecTBHM CHIO q e p K o s b yerpoeHHy, • ycraBU n p e n a a Hhlfl ClBpiIIiaTCfl BT» TOH, H3BÌCTH0 TH OyflH, HKO HMaMb ApT.3H0BeHHe Kb 6 0 r y . H u H t w e He CBB^MB, ante n p n a T a " MH ecn> MOJIHTBA CHMOHI w e

pene:

» O n . r o c n o j a crtatTeJibCTBOBaHT> ecH, c a m 60 o n . n p e i H c r u x b y c r b e r o oGpaaa cjibiiuaxi 0 T e ó t 1 H c e r o p a n « MOJÍ» TH CH , Huowe o CBOHXT. npiHOpH3U"feXT., TaKO H 0 MH'FE rptlUHtMb I10M0JIHCH H O CbiHy MOeMb TeoprHH, H SO nocjrfcjiHHX'b pona Moero.« CBHTUH HKO ofrfemacH H pewe : »He

o

CHX*b e a H H t x b

MOJÍ»,

HO H o

JI»6HIIUIXT>

T o r n a CHMOHT. IIOKJIOIIHCH « o

aeMjm"

H

MÌCTO

cue

CBHToe

MeHe

pan«.« pene:

»He HSbuy o n Te6e, OTMe, ante HanHcanHem> He h 3 b ^ c t h u i h MH.« ripHHy>«HeHi RJIAROJTH:

we

6MBT> j i i o 6 B e

UMA ornila

Bh

u

cuna

ero

u

paflH

cenmazo

NPENOAOCHBIH, dyxa,

HME

H niuien,

TAWO

H FLOHUH'FE B J i a r a i o r b

yMepbiueMy BT. p y n y TaxoByio MOJIHTBY. H orrojie yTBepffHcn TanoBoe HANHCAHHE n o j i a r a T H y M e p b u i H M b , n p t w n e 6 0 c e r o HHT. He CBTBOPH CHIJEBBIH BENM BT. P y c a .

IlHUieTb w e H cne BT. MOJiHTrfe: »UoMHHií KOMyMcdo Feopeun meou

MU,

no

eocnodu,

dibAOMh

cnodoóu

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ZAacb : ' IJpuudibme T+apcmso

eaMt H

pene

eeo,

etda

npudetuu

ei

moeda

y6o,

«AaduKO,

meóe

cmamu

ÓAaeocAoeeHHuu

UCKOHU Mupa

n>

1fapcmeuu u

CAaen

omifa

cu

meoeu

Moeeo,

u

pa6a

etadamu

u

xomn

CUMOHCL U

ceoeeo cjiumamu

HacAibdyume

ÓAaeotu yzomoeaHHoe

!'«

CHMOHI:

» P U H " w e H K I CHMI, OTwe, H n a omycTHTCH r p t c H " poAHTeJibxa MOHMa" H ÒJIHWHHMT. MOHMT..« OEOAOCHH WE BIANBNRB p y u H 4 0

CBOH H

pene:

»,ZJa SjiarocjioBMTb TH rocnoAb o r b CHOHa, H yapHTe 6jiaran MepycaJiHMy BO BCH AHH WHBOTa Baiuero H AO nocjrkRHHXi p o n a Bamerol« CHMOHT. w e npHHMT. MOJiHTBy H OjiarocjiOBeHHe o r b CBHTaro HKO H^KUH ÒHcepi» MHoroutHHbiH H n a p i . H w e n p e w n e 6UBT> B a p n r b , H U H Ì w e H a y n e i i i 6UBT> CBHTUMT. OTUEM-b HainHMi. OyecTb H HCTHHH't B^POBABT. BT. r o c n o n a A0M0MT> CBOHMT. , HKO no 3 0 0 0 Aynib H c o mnxT. o r b

CBHTaro AHTOHHH

H eonocHH.

CjiaronaTHio XpHCTOBOw xpHCTHam., eonocHeMT>, ocraBHBi jiaTHHbCKyio Harnero H n c y c a XpHcrra H c o BCFCMB Hepen CBOHMH, Mioneci panH S u B a n H

CHH y 6 o

CHMOHT. npT>BUH

NONO-

WeHT> 6bICTb BT. TOH UepKBH. Orrojie M-FECTY.

M

CbiHT. ero 6UCTB

Teopnin

nocJiaHT.

orb

BeJiHKy jiio6oBb BOJIONRMEPA

3eM.no) CHH TeoprHii, nacTb w e eMy Ha p y u t ji-fertxi. w e

MHoatxi41

CFENT T e o p r H H

HMtiime

KO CBHTOMy TOMy

M o H O M a x a > BT.

CywnaJibCKyio

H CbiHa CBoero TeoprHH 11 .

B J I A N H M E P O B H I B BT. K n e B t ,

Ilo

TUCHUBKOMY

WT. CBoeMy TeoprneBH HKO o m y npenacTb 3eMJiio C y w n a n b C K y » . 1 1 OTC'bxte aoT. 3 eg. : OTO'biua/OTtVbMH. gen. du. : OHT>. ' npinDTL p. a. p. : npBHTH. ' CTap-tH comp. : CTapi. ' nppfl aor. 3 sg. : n p r a n . < IIojiOBueMT. npHmemnHMi. dot. abt.

(temp.).

' HMUH pr. a. p., det. : RTH.

• OTBPT»3T> p . a. p. : OT(T>)BP4CTH.

• MH03H nom. pi. :

11 11 HHon. CtmaiuHMT, BaMi. dat. abe. {temp.). H3B6HH adj., nom. pi. : H3BbHi. OUBIDBMI. HMi dat. abe. (temp.). " noO'bweHii p. p. p., nom. pi. : no&bAHTH. " CuCTb aor. 3 sg. instead of Suma aor. 3 pi. " BicnoMHHy aor. 3 eg. : BtcnOMHHyTH. Hann. aor. 3 eg. : BSHTH.

52

Hagiography

" acirkirfe aor. J tg. : acirfcjrfeTB. " oOp-kn p. a. p. : oflp* crm. " BBHtaeTCH pr. t tg. : •UtliCH. " p y r t acc. du.: pyKa. " B j a m a t imp. I tg. : B(-b)naTB. " o & f c c m pr. i tg. : oHcm. • o i r t n r t r b p. a. p. : o i r 6 n [ b ] r t T « . »* a n o B y m m r i s u n dat. abt. (temp.). " n o M u n u m x o n i m p / . 1 pi. instead o/ DOXUCJIHXT. aor. / en BOcnpocHTH: ' K a n o TH ecTb H M H ? ' CHH me p e i e : 'EoropoAHHHHa CyAerb uepKBH.' H AaCTb TH HaMl CHIO HKOHy: ' T a HanrfccTHaH,' p e i e , 'Aa 6yAen>.'

EH me noKjiOHHBiuecH,

HSUAOXOMI

BI

AOMLI C B O H ,

lome npiinxoMb OTT> p y w y uapnuHHy. 6ora H Toro powAbinyio 1 4 .« HKOHY,

H

OTBÍMA

•O H A A A ,

AHTOHHH: MU

TpeUH me cb

HHKOJiHme KJIHTBO»

HCXOAHXOMI

p-fciua

HKO:

on

H

Tor«a

M t e r a cero.«

Hocnme H CHIO npocnaBama

BCH

54

H •On.

Kopn6jiH

Baine»

npeCuBine,

nyra

H

iama,

CBHTHH Barn.

A

HHKTO w e

Hamero

Hncyca

rpeuH

CBoeio

cnio

OTHeJieme

noBejrfcHHio

ao

eaHHi

H3biaoxoMi>

uepKBe,

BeJiHHecrBa

HO H

M-fccHUb H Ta

pene

Toro.'«

me

flaHHe

caMa

HKOHy

He

erowe

HKO T o r o

Harna,

6on>

H Ha

p a a B H H TOH H C b i H a e n , noncb

ci

B-fccTb, H

H B-feHeub o n .

Ta

CTpaxoMi

cam.

H

aoópy

OTaacTb

BaMi,

HejiOB-fcKy H e

Bauae.

rocnoaa

Bapnrb

BeJieirfenHiJH

H

aHrejib-

HKome

Bamb,

Cora H cnaca

npnHeceHT.

H BHCOTU TOH n p e i e c T H U H

on.

npe-

HBHBUJHCH

6oropoflHi;a

npaxoni

cepaue

BOJIH

cKonu«

MioBbCTBeH'fc

rocnoHtHHy !

cjibiuia,

npHuieauiy"

m-fccTO T a K 0 B 0 e , « a

3JiaTa

BjiarocjiOBeHT.

iiinpoTbi H aoJiroTM

AHTOHHH m e

—

BJiaauwHua

BAMI

paCy*1.

necTHyio

noKJiOHHUiacn

Baci»,

OHH 6 j i a r o o 6 p a a H H H

LIAPHUH

HenopomaH

Momen. nara

HeCecH

cnoaoCHJii.

3BaBmeH

o TOH BOH n p - f e a c T O H i n e c y T b 6 e c n J i O T H H H

HH y x o

XpncTa,

H M-fepa C K a a a c n

H

H w e "

ewe

Torome

»rat

o

Htrbere,

o6tmacn,

ci.

CBHA"fcTe;IH,

aecHTHH,

Moero, n o

XPHCTOCT.

Baci

noaoCHHH.

H H3BOJIH

TaKOBOMy

me

MHCTan

CHJIU , H a M * 0

«Home

aeHb

i^apHifa1'

BjiaxepHt1*

ewe

npecBHTan,

cnyTHHiy

eerb

me

fijiaroaaTH

e d e ! CyTb

aHreJiH.

ci>TBopn

ce

MHoruMH

B a i o 1 ' OTiuecTBHH

no

AHTOHHH:

npHCHOjfeBHi;a M a p n n . CKIIH

H

H,

nocjiaxT. n o n c i . cbiHa

BeJiHKH

ciBpimHTeJiH

npoBoaHxojn.

BicnpocHXOHi»

y6o

OTBTMA

»0

Bau1'

CH HXOMT..

OTT> L J a p H r p a a a . uaMi>: ' M " b p y

3-riaTO B3HXOMT» n p e a *

pyxy

CI TÌHH

agiography

6ucTb

qepKBe,

rnacy

cJiaBbi.«

CBHTbiMb H p i r n a :

BHAHMT.?«

pene:

> T p H AHH n p t C y a e M T .

MOJinmecn,

H rocnoab

HBHTB

HAMI.«

* H

BT. r y

Honib,

MOJmmycn

» O S P I J N . ecH 6 j i a r o a a T b AHTOHHH m e »rocnoaH, AEMJIH p o c a , 3ayTpa 3eMJiH

rocnoab,

rjiarojin:

CnaroaaTb

Hjiwe

06ptT0iiia

cyxo

n p ^ f e a i . TOCOIO,

BOJIHIUH OCBHTHTH, a a wfecTO, a a ^ m e

HMHÌ

noMo.niiecH*',

pene:

aa

Cyaen.

6yaen>

uepKBH

no

Bcen

cyma.«

ecTb,

a

no

BceH

poca.

BT. a p y r y i o

me

»JJa CyaeTi. n o M

oSp-fcroxi

Ha l u t e r ò ,

me

HBHCH e M y

MHOIO.«

pene:

ame

a

eMy,

nptao

rneauie,

Houib, Tano

B c e H 3e.MJiH c y u i a ,

oSp^Touia

BT. 3 - H m e a e H b ,

a

Ha M i c r ò

cBHròMb

poca.«

Tano.

CTaBiue Ha u r t e r ò

CBHTOMT., n o M O J i u i e c H

H

ÓJiarocJiOBHBi

M-fecTO, H H3M*i>pHina 3JiaTbiMT. n0HC0MT> m H p o T y H a o n r o T y . M B T . 3 a B H n . * 4 p y u - f c " H a H e 6 o AHTOHHH H p e i e »IIocJiyuiaH

MeHe,

HKO TBI e c H X O T H H " M

a6ne

cnaae

BejiHKbiMi.

rocnoa«,

CTpaxa

naaorna

M orryay 1

MeHe, a a

pa3yMÌi0TT>

BCH,

ceMy.« orHb

ci

HeBecH

noJiH3a, H a o j i H H y CbTBOpH, H K o m e on.

rnacoMi:

aHecb ! IIocJiyiiiaH

HKO

Ha^aTOKi

H nomme" PBOMT."

BCH a p e B a

noaoCHO.

H TpiHHe,

CymHH

me

H

pocy

CT. CBHTbiMa

MepTBHH. TOH 6 o m e c T B e H H b i H

ijepKBH.

1 = BaMV xoiueTa p r . 2 d u . : xorfeTH. • p-tCTa aor. 3 du. inslead of p t m a * nponoB-bjxaCTa a o r . 2 d u . : upouoB'bnaTH. * na.MX c n n m H M i , and the following expretsion B i c x o f l n m y COJIHUIO dal. aba. (temp.). • B i i a x e p H y occ. O/ direction. ' uaMT> l A y u i H M i dot. abs. (temp.). ' SBaTaeBe n o m . pi. : 3(T.)BaTae. ' p-fexoMTi aor. 1 pi :

BU dal. pi. aor. 3 pi. : pemH.

The Arrival of the

55

leonographers 11

" rfeca pr. t tg.: rkjrkn. " Biauae V- * tg. • B(i]rara. bjm — n w aor. 3 tg.: u BMjtyc* loc. tg. : auiyn. 14 pomAbmy» p. a. p., ace. tg., /. : pon>n. " bud ace. du. : bu. " Ban gen. du. : bu. " qaprnqa gen. tg. : tiapaqa. " BJiaxeprt loc. " «me art. rtf. to bob. " Han gen. du. : vu. " cBoen paOy loc. du. m rjiacy npunejmry dot. abt. (eauj.). " n0M0Ji(b)mecfl p. a. p. : nouojrcraCH. ** rfc3HB«ri> p. a. p. : BUKBirHyn. " pynt ace. du. : pyKa. " x o r a pr. a. p., del. : xorkTa. " nOHOKe aor. J tg. : nomem. " psoirw dat. pi. : p-bB-fc. pemB.

•vnn.

» The Church of the Hoi; Virgin In the Cave Monastery. b Blachernae, a district of Constantinople along the Golden Horn. o SS. Artemlus, Polyeuctes, Leontlos, Akakias, Arethas, Jacobus, and Theodoras — Christian martyrs of the first century.

3 THE

ARRIVAL FROM

OF THE

ICONOGRAPHERS

CONSTANTINOPLE

Cjiobo o npHinecTBHH nHCi^eBi» i j e p s o B H u r c . ko HryjieHy HmeoHy o r b I J a p a r p a n a H ce flHBHoe moflo, ewe CKaaaio Bam. I IIpHHAonia o n . Toro me CoroxpaHHMaro Kohcthhthhh 1 rpana m, n r y u e s y HHKOHy* nncqH hkohhhh, rjiarojiwme cHue: »nocraBH[cTa]' pnflua Harna': ' X o m e r t * ch HCTHaaTH.' H a m . nonaaania uepnoBb Many, h Tano ypnflHxoMCH1 npeflo MHoruMH cB^fleTeJiH. Chh me ijepbkobb BejiHKa BeJibMH. II ce Bame 3JiaTO BiaM-feTe*, a mu Hflemb kt> LJapHrpaay.« H OTB-fema HryMeHi»: •KaKOBH 6nme jrfcHBiueH' pnjn> c i BaMH?« IIhcuh me p t r n a : »nofloCwe h oSpaai, HryMeHa eoaocHH h Ahtohhh.« M pene hmt> HryMeHi: »O n a j a , h3mt> He moiijho bsmt. hbhth rfcxT., npemne 6o 10 jrfcn. on>Hflonia CB-feTa c e r o b , h cyTb HenpecTaHHO MOJimuecH sa h u , h He0TCTynH0 xpaHHTT. c h » uepKOBb, h co6jiioflaion> cboh MonacTupb, h npoMbiuuiHiorb o WHBymHxi bt» HeMT>.« H chh cjiMiuaBuie, TpeuH ymacHH 6uma o OTB-irt. npHBeaoma me h HH-fexi, Kyneub MHOro, nwe 6-fcrna orryfly nyTeinecTBOBaBiue c i rfeMH. TpeKH h 06e3HC. H rjiarojiaxy: »ripeAT. CHMH pHAT. COTBOpHXOMT., 3JiaT0 B3HXOMT, OTT. py«y eiO1, H TM He xoiueuiH HaMi hbhth eio"! Ame jih npecTaBMJiacH ecTa 14 , hbh HaMi o6paai> em,

«a h chh bhahtt>, ame Ta ecTa.«

Toraa HryMern. H3Hece n p e a i bc^mh HKOiiy eio. Bha^biiih me Tpei uepKBH?' H

pfcma:

' NCJEPBCKAN, e n w e BU eere IIHCIIH. PaarH-feBaBiuH WE CH, x o r f c x o M i 6"fcn UEPKBH MoeH. M ce w e

B-fccTe1*, HKO OTryny WHBOTB

OCTpHriUHCH1',

He HSUAeTe,

CBOH

CKOHHHeTe.

HO Ty H

BT. MonacrapH

A3L

B U I

AAM>

noeMb

MHJIOCTb

BT. 6yAymeMi. B-FCUT", erpoHTeJiio c e » ' 1 paAH AHTOHHH H eonociiH.' Mu

we,

aayTpa

BiCTaBiiie, x o r t i o m

C-BWATH BHH8T>, H MHOI-O

TpyAHBiuecH r p e 6 y m e , a JIOAHH rop-fc HAH me npoTHBy. M u w e , IIOBHHyBUieCH" BOJIH H CHJLT SOWHH, RaXOMCH: H CKOpO nOAT> MOHaCTbipeMb caiia JIOAHH n p n c T a . « T o r n a KynHO BCH HepHopHauH npocJiaBHiua BejiHKoro 6ora H Toro n p e i H CTbiH MaTepe QIOAHYIO HKOHy H CBHTan O T u a " AHTOHHH H OeoAOCHH. H T a « o O6OH WHBOTI> CBOH cKOHiauia B I IlewepbCKOMb MOHacTup-fe, MacTepu w e H nHCUH, BO MHHnieCKOMb WHTHH. H CyTb IIOJIOWeHH BT> CBOeMl npHTBOp-fe. CyTb w e H HUH'FE CBHTU Hxi. Ha noJiaTaxi> H KHHru HX*» rpe aJiaTa. ü p e a a e n . we H cuHa CBoero 3axapHio, » H a cyma, Ha CT.6JIIOseHHe flpyry CBoeMy, HKO 6paTy B-fcpHy, aanoB-fcaaBT, TOMy, HKO: «Erna BoaMywaeTb CUHT. MOH, a a a mjie eMy BJiaTO H epeßpo.« EbiBiiiy me 3axapHH* 15 jrfcn., Bicxorfc BSHTH ajiaTO H cpeCpo OTua CBoero y CeprHH. CHH m e , — ynaBeHi* CUBI, o r b AHHBOJia H hh^bi' npnoOptcTH 6oraTecTBO, H XOTH JKHBOTT. ci» a y n i e » noryöHTH, — rjiarojieTb IOHOUIH : »Oreub TBOH Bee HH-feHHe CoroBH aaaajn.. y Toro npocH anaTa H cpeCpa, TOH TH FFNIWEIRB ecTb, ame TH noMHJiyen». Asi w e He noBHHeHi ecub TBoeMy oroy HH Te6t HH BT> eflHHOMb aJiaTHHi^fe1. Ce TH CVRBOPHJRB OTeab TBOH CBOHMB 6ESYMHEMB, PA3FLAN Bee CBoe B I MHJIOCTMHIO, Te6e WE H H m a H yCora ocraBHJTI..« CHH m e cjiuina »noma, Hawn njianaTHCH CBoero JinmeHHH. üocbuiaerb m e iOHOuia cr> MOJI6OK> KT. CeprHio, rjiarojin : »flan m e MH nojiOBHHy, a Tefrfe nojioBHHa.« CeprHH m e mecroxbiMH «lOBecw ynapHme* orna ero H Toro canoro. 3axapBn m e TpeTHfl lacni npocH, Tai e aecjmiH. BHS^BI m e ce6e jismeHa Beerò, rjiarojien. Ceprnio: »ITpHHffH H KJieHH1* MH CH BT, UepKBH IIeAHOK> HKOHOK) CorOpOÄHWHHOK), Efftwe H öpaTCTBO B3H CT. OTIieMb MORMl .< CeH m e Hfle BT> uepKOBb H CTa npeai HKOHOIO öoropoaHMHHoio, oTB-feman H H

KJIEHBIHCH 11 , HKO:

•He B8HXI 1000 rpHBGHT. cpeöpa, HH 100 RPHBEM. ajiara.« H xo-rfe tcfejioBaTH HKOHy — H He BISMOME EIPHCJIHWHTHCH KO HKOH-fe. H Hcxonflmy eMy1* H A I FFBEPHH, HANN 1 1 BIITHTH : »O, CBHTan ÄHTOHHe H eonocHe, He BeJinra14 MeHe noryÖHTH aareny ceMy HeMHJiocTHBOMy I MoJitrra m e CH CBHT£H GoropoffHijH, aa oTmeHen 1 * o n MeHe MHORHH 6-fecw, HMT> m e ecMb npeaam. ! BtaM-feTe m e ajiaTO H cpeöpo saneiaTJieHHO BL KJIHTH1* Moen.« H SucTb CTpaxi Ha Bcfcxi. H orrone He aaflHxy" KJIHTHCH CBHTOIO 6oropoaHueio HHKOMy me. riocjiaBme me, B3miia cocyat aaneMaiam., H oßpiToma BT> HEMB 2000 RPHBEHI» cpeöpa H 200 R P H B E M ajiaTa : Ta Go ycyryß« rocnoab, OTFFATENB MHJIOCTHBbIMb. 3axapHH m e nacTb Bee HryMeHy H HKOHy, «a pacTponiHTb, «tome xomen.. CawT. me, nocTpHrcn", CHOHMH 1 ' WHBOTT> CBOH Ty.

58

Hagiography

1 Quera and Ihe following exprttnon in (he following «entonce npnaocTa, santera aor. J du. : Oun, apmrrm, Bwrtra. ' npyra nom. du. * MHoaii» loe. pl. : «ion. ' naen aor. t du. : jura. 1 CuBiny 3axapu dat. abs. (temp.). ' yn8Beai p. p. p. : ynaBvra. ' mrln p. a. p. : 1 uiamirt loe. tg. : ajian>HIRA. H(I>)H-6TI. • yKapnme imp). 3 tg. : yHaptmi. xjieu imp. I ig. : HJIHTB. 11 KJieHuacH p. a. p., del. : KJIHTBCH. " Hcxoanmy ei>y dat. abi. (temp.). u H»4H aor. 3 tg.: Haifrre. " BeJiirra imp. i du.: BetftTH. " OTweHen pr. 3 tg. : onnaari. " KJixTb — jortTk. " naAHxy imp/. 3 pl. : nara. " nocrpErcH p. a. p. : nocrpBuuicH.

" CHOHIH aor. 3 tg.: c(I)KOH(B)qa™.

• Nikon, who became abbot of the Cave Monastery after his exile (d. 1088).

5 GREGORIUS THE WONDER-WORKER rpHropHH HiojjoTBopnB Ce» ÓJiameHHUH RPAROPHH NPHHSE KO OTUIO uarneMy Oeonocnio BT> nenepbCKUH MoüacTfaipb H orb Hero HayMeHT. 6biCTb WHTHIO HepHenecKOMy: HecvrHwaHnio, CHHpeHHio H nocJiyuiaHHio H npoiHMtflo6pojrfcTeJieMb.MoJiHTB-fe me na HH^Hb* W HTHIO ero CnOHy CITBOpHTH, H HayHH 3JIbIH HeJIOfftKbl, fla noKpaAyTb ero. He 6o HHoro HHHTO we HMÍH, paaB-FE HHHN>. BI enHHy we Honu> npHHAOuia TaTHe* H CTpewaxy* crapua, aa, er^a HAUNETB HA yTpeHioio, mefliiie BIAMYTB BCH ero. Oiuyra we RPWROPHH np«xoni> HXI. H Bcerna 6o no BCH HOUJH He cnanie', HO nomiie H MOJiniuecH 6ecnpecTaHH, nocpeAH irbjiHH CTOH. ÜOMOJIH we CH H O CHXI», npHuienuiHXT> KpacTH: »Bowe 1 «aH we COHT> paCoMi TBOHMI>, HKO yTpyflHiiiacH, Bcye Bpary yrawaiome10.« M cnauia 5 AHew H 5 HomeH, ncmnewe ÓJiaweHHhiH, npH3BaBi 6paTHio, BI36YAH HXT> , rjiarojin: »fl0K0Jie CTpeweTe Bcye, noKpacTH MH X0T«me? Y me ORIH^ETE11 BT, AOMU CBOR .« B-bdaBine we, H He Mowaxy1* XOAHTH: 6Hiue 6o H3HeMorjin OTT> rjiaaa. EjiaweHHUH we, AABI HMI HCTH, H oTtiycTH HXT.. Ce YB^NABI rpa£I>CKHH BJiacxejiHHT>, H noBejrfe MYHHTH TaTHe. CTyWHBT, we CH rpnropne, HKO ero psmn npejami cyTb, H meat, aacTb KHHru BjiacTeJiHHy, TATHE we OTnycTH. ripomifl we KHHru npoaaBT., H paaaacTb y6orwMi, peni. Tano: »fla HE KAKO BX 6t«y BINAAYTB XOTHIUHH noKpacTH h 13. Pene 6o roenoflb: He CKpneaume ce6n> ciKpoeuufa na 3€MAU , udibMce mamue noduonotatomb a xpadymb-, cbKpneaume otee ce6n> ct>Kpoeuufa Ha neóecibxb, udibMce HU nula mjiumb, HU mamue npadymb. Hdibotce 6o, — pene, — cbKpoeuufe eatue, my u cepdifa tama.*

TaTHe we TH noKaHuiacn noaecn

PA^H

óuBiuaro Ha HHXI>,

H KT.

TOMy ne

59

Grtgoriu* the Wonder-Worker

BitSBpanimacH Ha npiBan «-fejia cboh, ho, npHmegme bt. I l e i e p b C K n M o s a c r a p b , BiflamacH Ha pa6oTy 6paTHH. Hirbame me cem CjiaweHHuii najrb o r p a ^ e u b , ««-feme aejine c t r n u e h A p i s a njioAOBirra. * II Ha ce nanbi npHHfloma T a m e . M erna BSHina GpeneHa cboh xoTHmea He BT.3Moroma. H cronina »Ba AbHtf HenoABHWHMH h yrHeTaena (SpeiieHU 14 . H Hawafma] bhihth :

on>HTH, h

•rocnonHHe TpHropHe, n y c r n huI y>«e n o K a e x c n rp-fexoBi. cbohxi h to, r o n y He ciTBopHMi CHqeBUH Benpi-* GnbiwaBme w e nepHopHaun h npRineAine, n m a " hxt> , h He x o r o i n a ciBecrH hxt> o n M-fecra Toro. M BinpocHina hxt>: »Korna cfcMO npHaocre 1 *?« Tarae we p i m a :

>^Ba AbHH HflB-feHOIUH CTOHMT. 3fl-6.< Mhhch" w e p t u i a : »Mti, Bcer^a BuxoAHme, He bha^xomi» Baci.

ant.t TaTHe me p-fcuia: »Ame 6uxomi> BHfl-tjiH" B a c i , to y(5o mojihjihch 6h H a i t i ci> CJieaaMH, AaCbi Haci. nycTHJii. C e , y w e HaaeMorme, Haiaxom» bhihth. H u n t w e Mojurre C T a p m a , na nycTHTb Haci>.< TpHropHH w e , npHiueffi», r n a r o j i a hmi. :

•IIOHewe npaaAHH npeCuBacTe 1 ' BbCb whbott. cboh, « p a a y m e n o w a « T p y « u , a caMH He x o m m e TpywaTHCH, — Hirafe w e ctohto r y npaaAHH n p o i a x jrfrra, no kohhhhh W H B o r a CBoero.« Ohh w e ct> CJieaaMH MOJinxy c r a p b u a ki TOMy He citbophth hmi TaKOBan c b r p t u i e H H a . O a p e u b w e yHHJiHcn o hhxi h p e i e to: »Ame xomeTe A^naTH h o r b Tpyna CBoero HirfcxT. i n n a r a , t o y w e nyiuy b u . < TaTHe w e c i kjihtboio p'fcrna: •HHKaKo w e npecnyuiaeMcn Te6"fe.« TpHropHH w e p e i e : »BjiarocJiOBeHi 6on>! Orcene OyneTe pa6oTaiome Ha CB. TaTHe th CKOHHauia whbott. cboh bi IleqepbCKOMT» MoHacTtip-fe, orpaAi> n p e f f b p w a m e . Hxt. w e , mhk>", hcoahh h noHWH-fe cyTb. * HHoraa w e naKbi npHAoma Tpwe h^uhh*1, xoT«me HCKycHTH cero 6jiawenHaro. H ABa o n . hhxi> MOJiwcTa" CTapbua, jiowho rjiarojiiome: »Chh A p y n . Hauib ecTb, h o c y w e H i ecTb Ha CMepTb. Mojihmt. w e th, noTiUHCH H36aBHTb ero; Aan w e eMy, mhmi HCKyrmTHCH orb CMepm.« TpHropHH w e , Bi>3nJiaKaBCH wajiocTHio, KOHeub whthk) e r o , h p e i e :

npoB-feAt"

60 0 HeMi,

»Jljort ne^OB-feKy TOMy, h k o npHCirfc AeHb norbrfeJiH e r o l « O h h w e p-feuia: »Tbi w e , orie,

ame aacn

hto, to chh

He

yMpeTb.«

hko npHCirfc"

60

Hagiography

Ce we rjiarojiaxy, xomme y Hero b3hth hto , aa pasfl'fcjijn'b cefrfe. Tpiiropan me pete: »11 a s i

M

aam.,

»Koew Ohk

a chh

yxpeTb.«

hxt>:

B-bnpocH

cMepTHio o c y m e H i

Ap'bB't

»Ha

hmi>:

cyflHCTe" e t i y .

»floGpt

6ejth.«

noB-feuiem x o m e T b

BjiameHHbiH m e p e n e H

een>?«

w e p-feuia:

3ayipa

Co

chh

nortcHTcn.«

n a n u c i i H A e " bt> norpe6i>, H f l t w e MOJiHTBy T B o p n i n e , s a He KaKO y m i

hto, HHme omh e r o BHA"kra 3BpaTHTe hh.< Ohh m e , BseMbme KHHrhi, H a i a r n a cmíhthch, raarojiiome: » r i p o A a B u i e chh, h paafl-fejiHMT> ce6i.« BHAtBbiiiH m e n p e B e c a miOAOBHTa, h p t m a kt> ceót: »IIpHHAeMi» B i chk) Homb h o G i e M J i e M i " n j i o j y j e r o . « HacTaBuiH m e hoiuh", npHHAOiiia c u e T p u e h s a n p o u i a " MHHxa bt> n o r p e C t , HA^me mojihch. Eahhi m e , e r ó m e p t m a Ha AptB-fc n o B i c H T H , BT>jrfe3i r o p t h H a i a TbpraTH hCjioio . M hch" aa B-feTBb: ohoh m e OTJioMJibuiHCH", a chh A B a , ycTpauiHBbmHCH, OTfi-ferouia; chh m e , j i e r n , htch" pnaoio 8a A p y r y i o B-feTBb h, He hmía n 0 M 0 m H , ynaBHCH o m e p e n n e M i .

eny1'

cnuuiHTb

3eMHaro

H3Hece ocTaBUiaH

TpHropHH m e 6o s a n p e H i

boht. hst.

aepKOBb. M 3 i m e A i u e me MepTBa,

h

norpeCi

aaTBopeHa. H a i i u e A i u e

ymacomacH".

T B a r o , h Kb A p y r o M i

h He oCp'frrecH npHHTH kt> c y m e a OpaTHH b t . uepKBH,

IIoHCKaBiiiH

me

me o r r y A y

h bch BHfl-feBuie MeJioB-fcna, BHc«ma FpHropHH, 6jiameHHHH

Ame 6wcTe mh

He aaTBopHJiH",

h

yMepíii»'.

6u

ceH

jimeio, r f e M i

o6p-feToma noBe;rfe

bi

ero

chhth

Mep-

ero rjiarojiauie:

•KaKO ce y 6 o eb6bicTbCH Bauia Mbicjib! B o n ,

He

h

h

me MHJiocTb

Ho

to

a s i , nprnueAt,

noHeme

cboío

Bpan.

ocraBHJiH

bu

6o He n o p y r a e m

chhjit. 6hxt>" HayiHjrb

6biBaeTb.

ero c i

xpaHHTH

Ap^aa,

cyeTHan

ecTe.«

CjibiuiaBiiie me pyraTejiH t o CT.6biTHe cJioBeci e r o h , npauieAiue m e , naAOiua

hxt> bi> pa60Ty cboh xjrfcCb Rumb" h

Ha Hory e r o , npocuiue npomeHHH. r p n r o p H H me ocyAH

rieiepb-

CKOMy MoHacTbipio, p.a

AOBOjibHH

6yAyTb H

M

kt>

TOMy TpymaiomecH,

HH"feXT. HanHTaTH OTT> CBOHXl TpyAOBT». thh CKOHMaiua híhboti cboh, h ct> naAW cbohmh

TaKO

üeiepbCKOMi

MoHacTbipt

pafioMb

npecBHTUH

6oropoflHua"

pa6oTaioiue h

bi>

yMeHHKOMi

CBHTaro OTua Harnero eoAOCHfl. *

IIoaoCho CMepTHyio.

me

h

HÍKan

ce

cnaaaTH

y6o

Bemb

o

Hem,

»me

MOHaCTupbCKan

npeTeprrfc

G.iameHHbiH

npHKJiiOHHCH:

on>

CTpaCTb naAeHHH

mHBOTHaro ocKBepHeHy 6wth c b c y a y , — m cero p a A " chh npenoAo6iibiH rpnropHH CHHAe koflHtnpyno BOAy. Bt. toh me n a c í npHcrrfc hhh3% PoerHCJiaBi BceROJiOAHHt», xoth hth bt> nesepbCKHH MoHacTbipb mojihtbu paAH h 6jiarocJioBeHiiH, — 6 t 6o hauh" IipOTHBy paTHblM-b IlOJIOBUeMT. Cl 6patOMT> CBOHM-b B.iaAHMepOMl». BHA"tBT>UlH

Gregor ius the Wonder-W orker

61

me OTponH*1 ero erapua cero, Ha, hko bch bu bi BOfffe yMpeTe, h ct. khascmi BauiHMi.« Khh3i> we, cTpaxa 6owhh He hhíh, ua Ha cepau« ceót nojiomH cero npenoRoCHaro cJioBeci, MirbBt ero nycTouib marojiioma, nwe npoponecTBOBame 0 HeMi>, h pene: »Mirfc ah noB-fe^aeaiH CMepn. o n boau, y»rfeiomeMy ÖpoAHTH nocpeflH en?« H Torna, pa3rHtBaBCH, KHH3b noßejrt CBH3aTH eMy pyiffe h H o r t " , h KaMeHb na buh ero o6íchth h BiBpimH bt. Booy. H TaKo noTonjiem 6ucri>. McKaBiue we ero 6paTHH 2 a*>hh, h He oßpiTouia. B t 3-h mefleHbnpHHAOina BT. K*fejIHIO ero, XOTHme B3HTH OCTaBUiaH ero, H ce MepTBUH 06p"feTeCH Bb KÍJIHH, CRHsaHi, h KaMeHi» Ha buh ero! Pnau me ero eme Moxpu, jiHye ero 6-feame CBtTJio, caMT> we an« hmbt». H He oöptTecH kto, npwHecuH" ero, ho h K-fcjiHH 3aKnuHeHH'b cymn'V Ho CJiaBa o ceMt roenoay 6ory, TBopnmeMy A«BHa mo^eca cbohxt» paAH

yroAHHKi»!

BpaTHH we, HSHecuie rfejio ero, h nojioa3Mn>pumca eaMb. PasyM-feme, onaciio oßHAfliyHH, npHTiy peneHHyio rocnoAeMi bt. CenmibMb Eaamejiuu, cyAHio HeMiuiocTHBaro h BAOBHifio oöHÄHMyio, KT. HeMyme nacTo npHXO>KAauie h erywauie eMy, raarojiiome: Mcmu Mene orm> cynepnuKa Moezo.

BaMi», hko ciTBopHTb rocnoAb BicKopt paöOMT» cbohmt. 60 pene: Mnn> juecmb u asb omMbu+y. TnaroneTb rocnoA>>: ff ne npuoóudume edunoio orm> cur* MOAUXÍ , HKO ameAu uxt »eezda «udxmb AUIF» omita Moezo, uotee eemb na ueóecihxi. Hko npaBeßem. roenoflb, npaßay bt>3JIK>6h; h npaBan BHjt jiHue ero. Eme 60 MenoBtKT. B(rfeerb, to h nojKHexb. CuiteBa 60 ropAUMi OTMbiqeHHH, HMiwe rocnoAb npoTHBirrcH, — CMHpeHUMi » e AaeTb ßjraroAaTb. ToMy CJiaBa ct. oTueMb h cbhtumt> AyxoMi. huhí h npncHO h bi rjiarojiio 60

OTMmeHHe. Toh

BÍKH B-feKOMT. AMHHb !

npHJientaine impf. 3 pl. : npHJiewaTH. • npaan. - npHnn aor. 3 sg. : npHRTH. uaci. acc. pl. : mu. ' HM-feame impf. 3 sg. : bm^th. * MoruH pr. a. p., del. : Moma. • HB^Mb tn»tr. sg. : hho. ' TaTee nom. pl. : Tara. ' cTpewaxy impf. 3 pl. : crpeiUH = ctp^iuh. * cname and the follouiing exprestions in the same sentence nofluie, MOJinmecn impf. 3 sg.: c[T»]naTH, niTH, mojihthch. *• yrawaiouie pr. a. p., nom. pl. : yramaTH. 11 orauere imp. 2 pl. : otihth. " Mowaxy impf. 3 pl. : mokh/moiub. " h acc. pl. : ohv 14 OpeMCHU instr. pl. : OpeMn — öptMH. " Hma aor. 3 pl. : hth. " npHAocre aor. 2 pl. : npH(a)TH. " mhhch nom. pl. : 1

hu

1

62

Hagiograpky

cond. 1 pi. : BBjrtTB. " npefiuBacTe aor. I pi. : n p e O u B a n . " irfenn nom. pi. : H-FCKUB. " MOJiBCTa aor. 3 du. : MOJIBTB. " •portal aor. 3 tg. : nportirtTB. " rip Herri aor. 3tg.: npBcrriTB. u cyflBCTe aor. 2 du.: cyaBTB. " CHiae aor. 3 tg.: C(I]HBTB. •* euy dat. pott. " o6i>eiuiem pr. 1 pi.: OOMTB. " HacTaBina Bommdat.abi. " aanpoma aor. 3 pi.: aanp-feTH. HCH aor. 3 tg. : HTHCH. n 0TJi0Min.IIIBCH m ymacomacH aor. 3 pi. : p.a. p., dat. tg. f. : OTJIOMBTECH. " HTCH — HCH aor. 3 tg. : HTBCH. ywacByTBCH. •* Chicre saTBopiJiB cond. 2 pi. " CHHJII O U I I cond. 1 tg. " On ywepm. cond. 3 tg. " HXHTb pr. i pi. : HCTB. " npecBHTUH Coropomma gen. tg. " BJUJH pr. a. p., det. : BTB. " oxpouB nom. pi. : orpoKi. u cyuia pr. a. p., acc. pi. : CHTB. " nocTBme aor. 3 tg. : nocTBRHYTH. " pyirt, Host acc. du. : pyKa, Hora. ** npBHecua p. a. p., det. : npBHecTB.

MBBXI. •• MB 10

"

"

OUXOMI BWRBAB

pr. J tg. : n u m .

dat. abt. (cau».). " rptcfc loc. tg. : rpixt. " CUBIUHHI HMTj dat. abt. " nojiwma CHeinmBMacH dat. abt. (temp.). " yTone aor. 3 tg. : yTOHyTB.

KbJiHB . . . cyuiB

(temp.). •

R o s t l s l a v , son of G r e a t P r i n c e V s e v o l o d , brother of V l a d i m i r Monomachus, and P r i n c e

of P e r e j a s l a v l ' , d r o w n e d In the r i v e r S t u g n a In 1093 during a campaign against t h e P o l o v t s i a n s . t> T r e p o l e ( o r T r l p o l j e ) , a v i l l a g e in the K i e v region, on the r i v e r Dnieper, served as a border

bastion.

6 MOSES CJIOBO

o

THE

HUNGARIAN

NPENOROSHLIM'B

MOHCHH

YRPHH-FC

YBtflaHO 6ucTb o ceMb CjiaweHHtMb MOHCHH Y r p H H t , HKO JIK>6HMT> 6-FC CBHTUMT. BopHCOMi». CeH 6o öbiCTb Y r p H H i pojOM-b, 6pan> w e TeoprHH, Ha Herowe CBRTUH BopHCT. BISJIOWH r p w B H V ajiaTy, erowe yömua CT. CBHTUMT. EopHCOMi» ua Ajibrfe, H rjiaBy ero OTp'fcaauia, aJiaTUH pasH rpnBHu. CeH me MOHCHH, EAHHI HAGUBI o n . rpiKHH CMeptH, H rp-bKaro 3aKOJieHHH HAÖ-FEMABT., H npHHfle KO RIPEFLCJIABIT), CECTPT flpocJiaBJiH1. H ßUCTB TY. II BI> ÄHH T U H HEJIBAH 6-fc npexoAHTH HHKaMO w e . M 6-fe MOJIHCH 6 o r y , uptriKHH TOH ay m e » , flOHbnewe npHH^e ÖJiaroiecTHBUH KHflab Hauib flpocjiaBT.c, He CTepirbBi TenJiOTU nymeBHun ewe* co ßpaTOMa CH', Ha 6eaaK0HHar0, H noö-fcflH 6ea6o>KHaro H ropnaro H OKaHHHaro CBflTonoJiKa. CeMy me ßTWABUIY' BI> JIHXU, H npHHffe n a « u co B0JiecJiaB0Mi.d H HarHa flpocjiaBa, a caMi c t a e BT. KHeßt. H BIABpambc«' EoJiecnaBi BT. JIHXU H noHTi c i co6oio o 6 t cecTp-fe flpocJiaBJiH H HAUMA me H 6onpi> ero. C i HHMH me H cero gjiameHHaro MOHCHH BeAHiue* OKOBaHHa no pyiffc H no Hoa-fe w e j i t a u THWKHMH , erome TBepno CTpewaxy, 6% 6o K p t n o K i rfejiOMT. "H Kpacem. jiHueMT.. Cero we B H A ^ B U I H H, KpacHa cymH H lOHa, HMYIUN 6oraTecTBO MHOro H BJiacTb BeJiHio, H Ta y6o, npHHMT>niH BT. YWI BHfffeHHH AoöpoTy, H ynaBHCH BT. cepnuH BI>>KAejriHHeMi, ewe BicxorfeTH ceMy npenoAOÖHOMy. H Hana jiecTHbiMH cnoBecu yBtiueBaTH ero, rjiarojiiome: » 0 He/ioB-fewe l Bcye TanoBUH Mynu noAieM^euiH', hm^h pa3yMT>, HMwe MOmHO H36BITH TaKOBarO OKOBaHHH H CTpa^aHHH.« Peqe we KI> Hen M O H C H H : •Eory Tano HaBo.ibuiio'.« JKeHa w e pewe kt. HeMy: »Ame MH CH noKopnuiH, a a i TH HaßaBJiio H Bennna ciTBopio BI Been JIHACHOH 3eMJiH. II oCjiaAain HMainu MHOIO H Bceio oÖJiacTHio Moew.r PaayM-FEBI w e ÖJiaweHHUH BiwAeJi^HHE en cKBepHoe, H pene KT. HCH:

6BL

Mote» the

Hungarian

63

»To KhíH Mywb, noHin» weay • B O K O P B B C H ea, a acnpaBwica ecTb Kor«a? AflaMT. np-bBOSAaaHua, weirfe nonopiiBCH, a s i pan a s m a n 6ucn>. C a n c ó n , cHJioio nane Bcfcxi npecirbBi • paTaiun» O R o n b n , nocjrfcAa we weHO» npeAaai C U C T B HHonjieMeHHBKOin. H COJIOMOHT. npeayApoera rnySaay N O C T H R I * , weH-h nOBBHyBCH1*, HffOJiOMi> noHJiOHHCH. H H P O A I » * , MRoru no&FCAU cvreopaB-B, nocjrfeAH we meirfe [noBHHycn], eawe o n poweaaa ae noaaa?« Oaa we pene : » A S I T R HCKynjiio, a uiaBaa c v r B o p » T H , a rocnoflaaa BceMy jumy CBoeny ycTpoio, a Mywa TH H M Ì T H c e x o m y . TOKMO TW B O N N M O » ctTBopa : Btwejrfeaae nyma Moea" yrbma a no^aa we MB [AoCponi] TBoea, 6en y a a nory6flHeM-fe, na a cepaeiHiia ruiaueHb npecTaaerb n o w a r a a " UH. A S I we OTpamy npHHMy nOMbicJiy MoeMy a n o i a » o n . crpacTal H TU y6o aacnaAaca uoen floCpoTU, a rocnoAaai BceMy cTHwaaaio aoeny 6yaeuia, a HacjrfeflHBKi Moea BJiacTa, a CTap-femuHHa Cojinpom..« Bjiaweaaua we Moacaa peie m> Hea: » f l o 6 p i B-fcwAb, HKO ae c i T B o p » sona TBoea, aa BJiacra we TBoea, aa SoraTecTBa xoiAy; ao Beerò cero Jiyiuia ecn> aymeBHa HacroTa, naie we a rfejiecaaa. He 6yaa Hirfe Tpyna noryCara — 5 jrfen., ewe kk rocnoftb gapOBa B i y s a x i CBXT> T P I N T T H , aenoBaaeai c u a caueBbiMi. MyKaai., axwe paAfl ynoBan aa6aBJieai> 6urra B ^ H H U X T . M Y K I . « *

Torna weBa, B B A ^ B I I I M ce6i jiaiueHy TAKOBUN apacoTu, a aa A p y r u a ciB-fcn. AaaBO^b 1 ' npaxoABTb, D O M U C J I B B I we caae H K O : »Ante a c a y n n n ero, BCRKOK) ueBoneio noaoparb MB ca.« rtocujiaen» we KO npiwameny [rpama] Toro, RA Boaaen. y aea enaao xoiueTb, Moacaa we npeAacTb ea. O a i we, b b a ^ b i yjiyMeaae BpeMeaa a 6oraTecTBa npHoCptTeHHe, BSH y Hen HKO ao Tbicama, Moacaa we npeAacTb ea. H CT> ayweio BJienaxy ero eeaicTyAH-fc aa A*fcJio aenoAOfiao. HKO ce BJiacTb npHHMuiH Ha HeMi, h noBentBaen. eMy npaiaTaTaca ce6t. H paaptiiiHBbrnH we ero orb y a i , a BI MHorou-tHHbiH paau o6ojn.KT.wH14 ero, a cJiaAKUMH CpaniHbi" Toro KopMHnw, a aywAeaaeMb JI»6OBHUMI> Toro o6ieMJnoapi, a aa CBOIO noxoTb HyAHiAH. Caa we npenoAoCaua, b b a ^ b i HeacTOBbcrBO w e a u , aojiHTB-fe a nocry npajiewame nane, BKymaa B I Ga^bbb 1 * B S B O J I B B I nane cyxaa xni(rb, 6ora p a « « , a BOAy CT> M H C T O T O » , aewena MaoroitfbBHoe Cpaniao H BHHO c i CKBepHOio. H He TOKMO cefrfc cpawHUu EABHOA ciBJiene 17 HKO we Mocait>i>, ao a B c b x i p a a i ce&b ciBJieie. Hsi>6twa o n . r p t x a , a HBHTO we BM"FEHH w B T a e Mapa cero. H Ha TaKy npocTb noABBwe 1 ' » , HKO a RJIAAOMI yMopinn ero. Borb we He ocTaBJineTb pa6i C B O B X I , ynoBaioniaxi M> aeMy. HtnoToparo orb pa6i> weHu TOH Ha MajiocTb npeanoHH, — B X T A A A I noAaBaiue EMY numy. JlpyaaH we, Toro yBtmeBaiome, rjiarojiaxy: »BpaTe Moacaio! MTO BT.A6PAHHETB TH weaaTaca? Eme 6o » H I eca, a cynyi, 6 U B I I I H CT. MyweMi .TÈTO C A B H O . H ecTb KpacHa nane HH^XT. weHT., CoraTecTBO aMyiun SeamacjieHO a BJiacTb BeJiHW BT, J l a t r i x i 1 * . H ame 6bi can Bicxorfejia H I N O E M Y KHHSKD , TO He 6 B I ea RHYUIAJICH. T u we NJRFEHHHKI cua, a HEBOJIEHT. o n weau cea, — a T O C I I O A B H I ea 6biTa He xomerna I Ame jia we rjiaroneuia: ' H e Mory npecTynaTa aariOB-FEFLH XpacTOBH,' TO He rnaCHH BAOBA

64

Hagiography

rojien. JIH X p H C T O d BT> EBaHrejiHH: Ceeo padu ocmaeumb \eAoen>Kb ornila csoeeo u Mamepb, u npuAnnumcA Kb acewb ceoeu, u óydema 06a eb ruxomb eduny\ yjtce 60 Hiberna" dta, no ruujmb eduna. AnocTOJn. me: y ne ecm b Mcenumucn, neotceAU paMcduaamucA. BAOBHi;aMT> w e BeJiHTb BTOpoMy 6pany npHiirraTHCfl. TU w e , He iMifl oSbmaa MHHiuecKa, HO CBO6OA«> CUH Toro, no ITO SJIUMI H ropbKHMi 1 MYKAMT» BAaeuiHCH, H JIH HTO paAH cTpawemH?' A m e TH CH JIYNHTB YMPETH BT. cea, TO K O » noxBany H M a u i H ? K T O w e JIH on. npi>Bi>ixi> H AOHbwfe BiarHymacH weHbi? PasB'fc wepHeub AßpaaMT., HcaKT. H AKOBI? MocHijn. we, BMajrfe noßtaHBT., H nanu w e H O » noßtwem. 6ucTb. T u we, ame HbiH'b ci WHBOTOMT. roHb3HeuiH, weHoio w e o6jia^aHT. 6yaeuiH. H KTO He nocMteTcn TBOeMy öeayMHio? YHe TH ecTb noKopHTHCH weH'fe ce H H CBoCoAHy 6UTH H rocnoAHHy 6UTH BCÍMb.« OHI. w e rjiarojia HMT>: »EH , GpaTHe H AOßPBIH MOH «py3H, jio6p-FC MH ciB-fcmeBaeTe ! PaayM-FEIO, HKO Jiynuie aMHHHa uienTaHHH, e m e " BI paw E Bat", cjiOBeca npeflJiaraeTe MH. Bt^HTE MH NOKOPHTHCH w e H % ceH, HO HHKaKO w e ctB-fcTa Bauiero npHHMy. A m e MH CH JIYHHTB yMpeTH B I yaaxi CHXT. H ropbKHXT, Mynaxi, BCHKO M A » o n 6ora MHJIOCTH npHHTH. A m e H BCH npaBeaHHijH cnacouiacH ci weHaMH, aai EFLHHI rp-fcmeHT. ecMb, — He Mory ci. weHoio cnacTHCH. H o ame 6u HOCHI noBHHyjicH weH-fe FleTepiJiHHH'FC F , TO He 6u CHH NOTOMI. uapcTBOBajn. ; BHÄ^BT. w e 6on> TPT.N*FEHNE ero, H napoBa EMY uapcTBo; RFEMT. w e H BT. pojiu XBAJIHMI» ecTb, « K O U T N O M Y S P I , ame H nana npHWHn.". A3T> w e He ErHneTbcnaro uapcTBa weJiaio npHHTH H OÔJIA^aTH BJiacTbMH H BejiHKy 6 U T H BT. JlncfexT, H qecTHy HBHTHCH BT> Been PycKOH 3eMJin; HO BbiuiHHro paAH uapcTBa BCH CHH npHoCHA^xi. A m e w e CT> WHBOTOMT. Hs6y,iy orb pyKbi weHbi cea, TO lepHeijb 6yAy. HTO w e y6o BT. EeameAuu XpHCTOCT. pene? Beam, uotee ocmaeumb omi+a ceoezo, u Mamepb, u otceny, u dn>mu, u doMb, mou ecm b mou yuenuici. XpHCTa JIH nane nocJiymaTH HJIH B a c i ? AÍIOCTOJIT. w e rjiaroJieTb : ÜMceHueuuc.i" neveme KOKO yeodumu Mcewb, a ne OMCenueuucn nenemca, koko yeodumu Oozy. Binpotuy w e Y60 Baci: KOMY nane noAoßaeTb paßoTaTH — XpHCTy HJIH weHt? PaÖH, nocjiymaHTe rocnoAwn CBOHXT. Ha ÖJiaroe, a He Ha 3Jioe. ByAH w e pa3yMHO BaM-b, ApiwamHM-b MH, HKO HHKOJIH w e npeJibCTHTb MH KpacoTa weHbi cen, HHWe OTJiyHHTb MeHe OTb JllOÖBH XpHCTOBbl.« * CH cJibimaBbmu weHa, noMUCJiT. jiynaBi BT. cepAUH CH npHHMmn, BcawflaeTb" ero HA KOHH, Cb MHOrtJMH cjiyraMH, H noBeji'FC BOSHTH ero no rpaAOMi H no ceJiaMT», HKO w e noBjrfceTb en, rjiarojiiom« eMy: »CHH BCH TBOH cyTb; H w e yroßHa cyTb Teßt, — TBOpw, HKO w e xomemH, 0 BCRFEMI.«

Tjiarojia w e H KT> JIIOACML : »Ce rocnoAHHT. Bauib, a MOH M y w b ! fla BCH, cptTaiome, noKJiaHHHTec« eMy!« EHxy 60 MH03H cjiywame TOH pa6bi H paöbiHH*7. iTocMtHBT. w e CH 6jiaWEHHUH ôeayMHK) meuu, H peie en: »Bcye TpywaemucH : He MOweuiH MeHe npejibCTHT« TJI%HHUMH BemtMH MHpa cero, HH OKpacTH MH AyxoBnaro ßoraTecTBa. PaayMtw, He TpyAHCH Bcye!« JKeHa w e peie eMy:

Moses the Hungarian

65

»He bìch" jih, KaKO npoAam. mh ecH? H kto H3Men>" on. pyxy Moeio th? Hfasa reöe UHKaKome OTnymy, ho no XHoruxi Myitaxi. CMepni t h npenam».« O h i me Cesi crpaxa OTB-fcma e « : »He 6ok>ch, eme mh pene; ho npeAaBUH" mh Te6t (SojibiiiHH rp-fexi HMan.. Ast» me orceJie, 6ory BOJiHnQr", 6yny mhhxi.« Bt> t u h me AbHH npHHAe h ì k t o mhhxt. ori» Cbhtuh Topus, caHOMi c u " HepeH, 6ory HacTaBJibiuy" ero, h npHHAe kt. ÖJiameHHOMy h oßnene ero bt. MHHiuecKHH o6pa3i, MHoro noywHBT> ero o ihctotì , eme He npeAara ruienui cboh Bpary h toh CKBepHaBun meHU HsGaBHTHcn. H chh peKi, on.ime on. Hero: B3ucKaHi> me 6ucrb t&hobuh — He oßptTeHi.. Toraa me weHa, OTMaHBiuiHCH CBoea uaA'fcmAa", paHu thhckh Bi3Jiaraen> Ha Mohchh: pacTHriua", noBejrfc 6hth ero me3JiHeMT>, hko h scmjih HanonuHthch KpoBH. H 6H»me, raarojiaxy eMy: »noKopHCH rocnowa CBoen h cvtboph bojiio en I Aiue jih npecjiymaeniHCH, to Ha ypM paaapoßHMi. rtjio TBoel He mhh 60, hko h3&6>khuih chxi Myirb, ho no MHoruxi. MyKaxi npeaacH ayuiy cboio r o p b u i ' V noMHJiyH caMi ce6e! OtJIOWH H3M0H, AOHejieme He kochcmch njioTM TBoen.«

H OTBtma Mohchh:

•BpaTHel noBejrfcHHoe BaMi tbophth — TBOpHTe, HHKaKO me Meannmp. Mhì me HHKaKO me moiiiho ecTb orpemnca MHHiuecKaro hchthh h JiioßBe (fammi. Hhk3ko me TOMJieHHe, hh orHb, hh Meib, hh paHbi He MoryTb MeHe paaJiyMHTH o n . Gora h cero BeJiHKaro aHreJibCKaro oSpaaa. M chh ßesiCTy^Han h noMpaweHHaa meHa noKaaa CBoe 6e3i»CTyRHe, He tokt>mo He y6oHBUiHCH Cora, ho h MeJiOB-fcHecKHH cpaMT. npHOÖHfltBiuH, 6eai cpaMa HyaHtu« mh Ha ocKBepHeHHe h npeJiioöofffcHHHe. Hh e « noKopwcH, hh toh OKanHHUH boji» ciTBopio.« MHory me neianb HMynjH meHa, Ka«o 6u ceC-fe mcthth ott. cpaMa, noetinaeTb kt. khhsio Bojiecjiaßy, cnue rjiarojnonpi : •CaMT. B-tcH, hko Mymb moh yCweHi ChicTb Ha 6paHH ct. T06010; t u me mh AajiT. ecH bojiio, aa erome bicxoii^, noHMy ceßt Myrna. A3t» me bi3jiio6hxt> eAHHaro lOHOuiy o n . tbohxt. njiiiHHHKT», KpacHa cyma, h HCKynHBUiH, n o H x i " ero bi aomt. cboh, AaBuiH na HeMb ajiaTa MHora, h Bce cymee bt. «OMy MoeMb — 3JiaT0 me h cpeßpo h BJiacTb b c » — AapoBax-b eMy. O h i me chh bch hh bo hto me bm^hh. MHoramAu me h paHaMH h rnaAOMT» tomhiuh Toro, h HeAOBOJibHO CucTb eMy 5 jrfcn. OKOBaHHy CuBuiy on. njrtHHBiuaro ero, o r i Herowe HCKynnxT. ero, h ce uiecToe jrfrro npeCucTb y MeHe, h MHoro MyneHT» Öuerb o n . MeHe, npecjiyuiaHHH paflH, — eme caMi Ha ch npHBJiene" no mecTOKOcepAHio CBoeMy. HbiH'b nocTpHmem ecTb on. H-fcKoero iepHopH3ua. Tu me hto BejiHiun O HeMb CbTBOpHTH, Aa ClTBOpiO?«

Oht. me noßejrfe e « npn-fexaTH kt. ceßt h Mohchh npHBecTH ct. co6ok>. >KeHa me npHHAe ko BonecJiaßy h Mohchh npHBeAe ct. co6ok>. Bha^bi me npenoAOÖHaro BoJiecJiaBi h MHoro HyAHBi ero nOHTH meny, He yB-fcma « pene

K HeMy:

»Kto TaKO HeiioBbCTBeHT., hko me t u , Hme tojihkhxt. ÖJian. h MbCTH jiHLuaeuiHCH, h BflaJicH ecn bt. ropKHH chh MyKu ! H OTHbiirt ßyflH B-feaan1* hko mHBOTi h CMepTb npeAJiemHTb th: hjih bojiio rocnoma40 CBoea ct»tbophth, on. Haci. necTHy 6mth h BeJiHKy BJiacTb hmìth, hjih, npecJiyuiaBuincH, no MHoruxi Mynaxi CMepTb npHHTH.«

66

Hagiograpky

rjiarojia me I i n meirfc: »Hhkto me o n K y m i e H u x i to6ok> njrfciiHHKT. 6yflH CBoßoab, rocnoma p a 6 y , cvrBopH, ewe xomeniH, aa h npowHM He jpi3HyTi. înaTHCH rocnoffHH cbohxi.«

ho,

aKH npecJiy-

OTrtma Mohchh: 60 rnaroJieTb 6on>: KM*1 y6o noAbta nejwerbKy, aufe u tec* Mupt npuoópxufemb, a dymy ceoio omu+emumb? UAU smo dacmb usMitny na dyiuu eaoeu? T u w e mto mh oó-femeBaemn ? OiaBy h neon», eHme t u c a n i . CKOpo OTnajieniH, h r p o 6 i th npHHMeTb, hhito me HMyma. Chh CKBepHan meHa aji-fe yÖHeHa öyaeTb.« H k o me h 6ucTb no npopeieHHio npenoAofinaro. TKeHa me, Ha HeMi bbcmiiih BJiacTb 6oJibtiiyio, GesierynHO BJieiauie ero Ha R P T X I . Eahho» me noBejrfc ero noaomuTH Hymeio Ha o s p ^ CBoeMb C I C06010, jioßuaaionui h oCoHMaioiHH, ho He Morne hh c e » npejiecTHw Ha CBoe menaHHe npHBJienui ero. Pene me kt. Hew CjiameHHUH: »Bcye TpyAi> tboh. He mhh" 60 mh hko öeayMHa hjth He Moryma cero Ä^jia cbTBopHTH; ho, CTpaxa paAH 6owhh, Teôt rHyiiiaiocH hko HenHCTUH.« M chh cnuuiaBuiH, meHa noBejrfe eMy no 100 p a m aam-H Ha bchki> AeHb. riocjrfeflH me noBejrt eMy TaHHbiH y n u yptaaTH, h rJiaroJiioiuH : •He nomawy cero AOÖpoTu, s a He hacuTHTbCH hhhh cero KpacoTU.« Mohchh me remarne hko MepTBi orb TeieHHH kpobh, MaJio AuxaHHH bt> co64 hmuh". BoJiecJiaB-b me ycpaM»[B]cH BeJinnecTBa meHU h jiiofoe n p i B u n , noTaKiBHH en TBopn, BianBHwe roHeHHe Benne Ha iepHopH3UH h HsirHa bch o n . oöJiacTH cBoeH. H

>Mto

* B o r i me ciTBopn oTMiueHHe paCoMi cbohmi B i C K o p t . Bt> eftHHy y6o Homb BoJiecnaBi HanpacHO yMpe, h 6ucn> MHTemb BeJiHKi bt> BceH JIhackoh 3eMJiHh. H BicTaBnie jiioAHe naÔHUia enncKonu cboh h 6onnpu CBOR, hko me h bt> Jlrbirwnucnu noBtaaeTb. Torna h chk> meHy yCnnia. IIpenofloöHUH me, B i a M o n . " orb p a m , npHHjie ko Cbht^h EoropoAHijH Bl> IleiepCKHH CBHTUH MOHâCTUpb, HOCH Ha COÔ'fe MyM6HHM6CHUH paHU H B^HeUb Hci.noB-feflaHHH, hko noß'feAHTexib h x p a ô o p t XpHCTOBi. rocnoab me AapOBa eMy CHJiy Ha cTpacTH. H%khh 60 Cpan>, öopHMi.' 4 öhiBi. Ha 6nyìs,t, h npHuies'b, Monnaie cero npenOAOÖHaro noMOiHH eMy: »M ame mh«, — pene, — »hto peweiim, HMaMi cixpaHHTH h äo CMepTH TAKOBARO OÔTTA.«

EjiameHHUH me p e i e TOMy: »fla HHKOJiH me CJioBa pewewH h h nauÍH*' meH'fc bt> wHBorfe CBoeMb 1« Ohi me o ß i m a m e C I jik>6obhio. Cbhtuh me, hmìh ME3JN. bt> pyivfe CBoen, — 6-fe 60 He MoruH" xoahth ott, OH-fext p a H i , — h chmt. yaapn ero BT> jioho. H a6He OMeptTB-fema y A u e r o , h o r r o n t He 6ucTb naKocTH 6 p a i y . Ce me BnHcaHO ecTb bi Htumuu esumato omifa navxezo AnmoHuneme 0 Mohchh, — 6t 60 npHiueJii» ÖJiaweHHUH bi ahh CBHTaro Ahtohhh. M ckohm3ch o rocno/rfe b i Aoßpt HcnoBtaaHHH, n p e ô u B i bt> MOHacTup-fc jrferb 1 0 , nJi-feHeiiHH c T p a A a " — bt. y a a x i n«Tb jrferb, uiecToe jiìto aa MHCTOTy.

a

bi

Moses the

Hungarian

n o M H H y x i m e n e p H e i e c K o e HaraaHHe nocTpHmeHHH, e w e B n a n i c H C o r y , e r o w e

67

bi

J l H c t x i " npenoAoCnaro p a j m Cue B i n i c a a o e c n . n JKumuu ceamaeo omifa natueeo Oeodocuxl. E r « a HBirnaHT. 6 u c T b cbhtuh OTeqfc AHTOHHe" KHHaeMb H3HCJiaBOMi> k , B a p j i a a u a i paAH • E t f i p e x a =>, KHflreiHH w e e r o , J I n x o B H u a c y n y f , B i a 6 p a H H e i i y , r\naroJiiomJi:

bt>3ji»6h.

>Hh mucjih , hh ciTBopH c e r o . C n u e 6 0 irfeKonia c i T B o p n c H bt> a e i u i H HauieR. H h%khh pajiH bhhu HarHaHH 6 u m a l e p H o p a a u H o n . npen^jrb seMJift HaiUHfl, H BeJIHKO 3J10 COfffeflCH B I JlHCfcXT..« C e r o paAH Mohchh T o n y cJiaBa huh^ 1

citbophch , hko w e h n p e n a H a n H c a x o m . . . . h npHCHO h bt. b^kh b^komiI HpocjiaBJiB adj. pot*. /., dat. tg. : HpocJiasv 1 erne art. re/. tciuiotu. • CH re/I. pron.,

dot. pott. ' ceMy HwaBmy dat. abt. {temp.). ' BtsBpanu.cn p. a. p.: BT>3BpaTKTOCH. • Bennme imp/. 3 tg. : BecTB. ' nomeMJienn pr. 3 tg. : n o n i v a T i . * BSBOJibm» p. a. p., dat. tg. (at«., cam.) : n m u n n i . * nocrarv p. a. p. : nociaiHyTU. " noBBHyscn p. a. p. : 11 11 noBHHyTBCH. nyma Hoen gen. tg. nowaran pr. a. p . : noiKKrara. " naaBOJib adj. pot*. : 11 imaBojii. " oOojn.KT.mH p. a. p. /. : o6ojio — oOjrtma. Cpanrau instr. pi.: OpambHO. OjrtHim loc. tg. : C(T>)flemie. " cbBJieie aor. 3 tg. : chBJitnm. " nosBBwe aor. 3 tg. : noABBrayTB. " JlnctxT. loc. pi. : JInxu. " B-bcTa 3 du. — He ecra. n crpamemH pr. Z tg. : cTpaAan. » ewe art. rtf.: menraHKH. " Ebb* dat. tg.: E a r a . " n p a m a r b aor. 3 tg.: npHHOTH. " oxteHHBUHCH p. a. p., det. : oweHBTBCfl. '* BcamjiaeTb pr. 3 tg.-. BfiJcaHmaTB. 11 " paOuHH Ttont. pi. : paOuHB. B-tcH pr. t tg. : B'tjvtTB. •• •8uen> pr. 3 tg.: KaHTH. " npenaBUH p. a. p., det. : n p e n a n . " Bonnmy pr. a. p., dat. tg. (abt., cam.): bojibtb. " cu pr. a. p. : Cuth. " HacTasjibmy p. a. p., dat. tg. (abt., cam.): HacTaBBTB. — Bajrtnuia gen. tg.: HSm-bmaa. " pacTHrma p. a. p. : pacTH(r)Hyra. " ropbivfc ado. — ropbW). " noHXi aor. 3 tg. : iiohth. >• npBBJieie aor. 3 tg. : npHBJrtma, " rtnan pr. a. p. : rbarrn. 41 41 " rocoowa gen. tg. Kan pron. inierrog. : HUB. uhi imp. 2 tg. : M(i)BltTB. " imui pr. a. p., det. : h t h . " Bianon. p. a. p. : n a i i o m H . " O o p a m pr. p. p. : Opan/OopoTa. ** Kairba dat. f.: KaKUB. " MoruH pr. a. p., det. : Montfl/MoiB. c r p w a aor. 3 tg.: CTpanaTB. " J l n c b x i loc. pi. : JInxu. " Ahtohbc — Ahtohbm. • St. Boris (d. 1015) had two Hungarian armigen, the brother) Oeorglua and Moses. The former was murdered together with his master by emissaries of Boris' brother Sv'atopolk in 1105 on the river Al'ta or L'to. b Predslava, Jaroslav's sister. c Jaroslav, Great Prince of Kiev (1019-54), who avenged the murder of Boris and Gleb. d Boleslaw, King or Poland (992-1025), helped Sv'atopolk regain the throne of Kiev In 1019. « Herod. i Potiphar's wife. 8 The Monastery of Mount Athos. >> Poland. I The Lift 0/ St. Antoniut has not been preserved. J Nestor's Life o/ St. Theodotim. k Iz'aslav, Great Prince of Kiev (1054-78), was married either to a daughter or to a sister of King Boleslaw of Poland. 1 Baarlam was abbot of the Cave Monastery but In 1057 was transferred by Iz'aslav to the Monastery of St. Demetrius. m Ephrem ( ~ Ephralm), a monk of the Cave Monastery.

68

Hagiography

7 SS. T H E O D O R U S AND BASILIUS OF T H E CAVE MONASTERY CnOBO O CBHTblXI n p I m O R H U X l . OTIJ'feX'l» «Deoflop-fe H BacHJiHH HKO we peneHO ecTb: Mamu ecn,Mb ÖAazbtHUMb —- necbrnjutcanue, TaKO we H KopeHb ecTb H MATH BC-FCMI — cp'fcCpojnoGue. HKO me pene JltcTBHHbHHKi«: JIto6nul Cb6upamu uMibnue, cuifeewu do cMepmu UZAU padu mpyMcaemcx, a NE MOÖXU IIMIBHUH, ceu zocnoda eb3AH>6u u aanoendu eso Cbxpanu. TaKOBUH ÖJIIOCTH HM^HHA He MOWeTb , HO paCTOHaeTb 6jiarOJI"fenHO, BCfcMl TptÖyiOtUHMl noflaBa«, HKO w e rocnoAb pewe BT> EeameAuu: HeAoarbKh, aufe ne ompevemcx ecezo cyufazo, He MOMcemb 6btmu MOU yveHum. * M ceMy cJiOBecH nocJitflOBa OeoAopt. OcTaBJib* yöo MHPBCKAN, H 6oraTecTBo pa3fla HHU;HMT>, H SbiCTb MHHXT., H flo6p"fe noABH3aBCH Ha AoßpoA'feTeJib. ÜOBeJi'FEHHEMB

we

HRYMEHHMB3

CUCTB

WHTEJIB

BT.

neiept,

EWE

30ßETCH

Bap-

MHora JITTA C T T B O P M BiSAepmacn. M ceMy npHHece Bparb cvryweHHe H neiajib He MaJiy, HM%HHH paflH, paaAaHHaro HMI HHIUHMI.: HKO noMUUiJiHiiie AIJIROTY J i t n . u HSHEMOWEHUE njioTH, HKO HeaoBOJibHy eMy 6UTH MOHACTUPBCKOH HAHLO. UcKymeHHe 6o TO Bparb eMy npiiHece. OHT» w e , He paacyÄHBi. BT. ceS'FC, HH noMHHy rocno«a, peKiuaro: He nei^n>mecn* o ympeneMb, — xmo AMU* UAU smo nueMi, UAU n imo OÖAENEMBCN. Bbupume ace nanu Ha nmuifH HeöecHun': HKO HU cibiomb, HU MCBHYMB, u ombifö Hamb Heöecnuu numaemb uxb. MHorawAU w e CMymaiue TOTO Bparr. H K I OTHaHHHK> XOTH ero npHBecTH, HHiueTU pa^H H HCToujeHHaro öoraTecTBa, e w e ' yßoruMT. BAamioe. H cne BI MHorbi RHU noMbiiujiHH, noMpaiaeMi' BparoMb HeaocTaTKa paan, —

AMCBCKANB,

H BT. TOH

H KT. CBOHML APYROML CBOK) CKOpßb HCHO HCNOB^flaH. EAHHT» We H T K T O OTT. CT>BpT>UieH%HU]HXT>, HMeHeMb BaCHJIHe', MOHacTLipfl MHHXT., pene eMy:

TOTO

we

»BpaTe « i e o A o p e I MOJIIO TH CH, He n o r y ß H MB3AU CBoen. A m e JIH HM^HHH

xoiueiiiH, Bce, eme HMAMB, «aMb TH. TOKMO TU puH 10 npeAt ßoroMi: 'BCH, nwe

pasAaxi.,

TBOH 6 y A »

MHJIOCTUHH I '

H

TU

6ec

ne^AJIN

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HM-feHHe CBoe. Ho 6JIK>AH, ame CTepnHTb TH rocnoAb?« CHH cJibimaBi. eoAopT>, H yßoHCH C T p a x o M i BBJIHHMT. RH^Ba 6OMHA.

Uwe

CJiumaBi OTT. Toro ciTBopbiiiecH BI KoHbCTHHTHHtrpaA-fe, pacKaaHHH paan, e w e 1 1 o a n a r t , U w e " BT. MHJIOCTUHIO pa3AaHHHtMi>: KaKo, n a a t 1 5 cptAH uepKBH, yMpe, H oöoero ce6e JIHUIH, CT. 3JiaT0MT> 60 H WHBOTT. noryöHC. M CHH BT. yw-fe npiiHMi, eoaopT. niiaKaca CBoero cirptuieHMH H öpaTa y6na»3ABHruiaro ero OTT. TaKOBaro HeAyra. O T A K O B U X I 60 pene rocnoAb: Aiye Kmo uaeedemb docmouHax omb Hedocmounazo, HKO ycma mou cymb? M OTTOJie Bi3pacTe BeJiHKa JllOßOBb Me>KH HMä.

CeMy we yöo eoAopy Ao6pt cn-feiomy BT. aanoB-bAHXT. rocnoAHHXT. H TOMJ' yroAHaa ciBpiniajoiuy 1 *, BejiHKa H3Ba CucTb AHaBOJiy, HKO He BiSMOwe Toro ^oraTecTBa HM-FEHHEMI npejibCTHTH. H naKti BT.opywaeTcn ITPOTHBHUH , H HHY

69

SS. Theodorus and Basilius of the Cave Monastery

KOSHb CBoen noru6ej» TOMy BicTaMHen.. BacmiHH y6o nocnaira. CuBaen. HryiieHOurb Ha HiKoefftjio.H BpiMH TIOKOCHO s p a n o C p ^ n . " cBoero 8JiOMyflpiin, npeoSpaaHBCH BT> Toro 6paTa noAOÖHe, H BXOAHTb in. neiepHHKy, npewe nojie3iiafl marojin:

>4>eoffope! K a n o c«an? TH

HJIH e m e

paa^auHaro H e

TH T B O P N T B

o n . Tefö pan> 6-fecoB-

npeera

.NIOÖJIEHHEMB H M ^ H H A , n a M H T b

npHHOcnnpi

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paayMtBi.

rjiaroJieTb,

npeöuBaeniH? HJIH

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naKocTH

we

KT. H E M Y

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we

ötca

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ero

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CHH

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»TBOMMH, OTie, MOJIHTBAMH Huirfe no6p-feeTb M B C H . T060» 60 Y T B E P W E H I 6MXT>, H He HMaM*b nocjiymaTHfrfccoBCKHXT.MbicJien. M Hbitrfc, ante WTO Be.iHWH, ci pafloCTb» CbTBopio, ue npecjiyinaioCH Te6e, aaHe BejiHKy nojibay oöptTox-b1* AYUIH TBOHMI

B-fccb rocnoaa

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we,

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MHHMUH —

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H

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ae

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H

Bicwop-fe

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npHHMeiuH o r b 6ora: TOKMO TU npocu y Hero, H AACN> TH aJiaTa H cp-feCpa MHOWCCTBO.

H

NAN

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KT. ce&fe

we

BXOAHTH

HHKOMY

we,

HH c a m

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HC

nenepu CBoen .• nenepHHKi w e HKO oCtmacH. Torna OTOHAC OTT. Herofrfcci.H ce HCBHAHMO noMuoiJieHHH npHHOiuauie'0 eMy npoHwpjiHBUH 0 ciKpoeHoyi, HKO NOABHRHYTH ero Ha MOJiHTBy, na npocHTb y 6ora ajiaTa, H ante nojiyiHTb, TO BT. MHJIOTUHIO pasnacTb. M ce BHA1> BT. CH-fe 6tca, cB-ferjia w e H ynpaineHa w e AKU aHrena, HBJiflioiua TOMy coKpoBHiiia BT. nenept*1. II ce MHorawRbi BHA"fc OeoAopi. flHeM-b w e MHoruMb MHHyBuiHMb", npnineAT. Ha n0Ka3aHH0 Micro h Haia Konara, h oöp-feTe ciKpoBMnje, anaTa w e H cptöpa MHOWCCTBO H ebcya* MHOROIRBHHUH. H BT. TO w e BPTMH naKbi npHXOAHTb 6-fecT. BT. o6paat 6paTa H rjiarojien. nenepHHKy: »RAT

CT»KpoBHme 1

ecTb

flaHHoe

60

Tefrfc? C e

HBHBWHCH"

Te&fe, T O H H

MIRT

cKaaa, HKO MHOWCCTBO ajiaTa H cpt6pa Aacra TH CH no TBoeH MOJIHTB^ .« OeoAopi rjiarojiauie,

He

we

xorfc

BT> TaHH-fc w e

coKpoBHiua

noKaaaTH:

noMbiuuieHHH

TOMY

6tcr>

w e

BJiarame,

HB-FC y 6 o

HKO

neiepHHKy

BaeMbiue"

8JiaTa,

orbHTH Ha Hny CTpaHy AaJiene. H raarojieTb: »BpaTe eoflope! H e p-fcx-b" a« T H , H K O Bicnopt O T A A H H E npHMeuiH? TOH 6 0 pene: Aufe Kmo ocmaeuna, do.m u cejia UAU UMIBHIIX Mene padu, cmoKpamuyeio npuuMemb, u otcusomt «KVHUU nacAibdumb. H ce y w e BT. pyKy TBoe» ecTb GoraTecTBo; ciTBopH 0 neMb, HKO w e xomeuiH.« neiepHHKi w e peie: »Cero

paAH

npocwxi

y

6ora,

TO

ame

MH

«acTb

c«e,

Bee

BI

MHJIOCTIJHIO

pa3AaMX. HKO cero paan AapoBa MH.« CynocTarb »BpaTe HKO

we

Beji»

npewe,

TH,

we

rnarojieTb

OeoAope!

Aa

HO a a c T b

B3eMb,s

eMy:

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cne,

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CH

He n a x u

Bparo

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HHy

C T Y W H T B T H PAAAAFLHHH

CTpaHy,

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T06010

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cejia,

e w e Ha nOTptCy. MoweuiH 60 H TaMO cnacTHCH H HSGUTH Ö^COBCKUXT. KOSHen. H no cBoeMb oTinecTBHH AaTH CHH HMAIUH, a M O w e xomeuiH, H cero paAH NAMHTB TH

GYAETB.«

eoAOpi w e KT. HeMy peMe: »TIOHe CTblWy

JIH CH, HKO OCTaBHBl

MHpi

H BCfl, H W e

B*B HeMb, H

70

Hagiography

oö-femaBCH CoroBH ajrfe whbott. cboh ctKOHiaTH — bt. newept ceH, h Huirb 6-feryHT> 6 u B a » h mhpckhh wirrejib? Ame jih t h rojrfe ecTb, na bt. MOHacrup-fe

», p e i e :

»ytaaTH He MOweuiH ciKpoBHiqa: yß-feflaHO ÖyaeTb bchko. Ho npHHMH höh ctB"fcn., ewe t h Bejiio. Ame 6w ce Heyro«no 6biJio 6 o r y , He 6bi Teöt «apoBajrb, HH MHt H3B%CTHJTb.« Torna neiepHHKi», BtpoBaBi. hko 6paTy, h roTOBHTb CBoe HcxowaeHHe hc nenepu, npHCTpoHBT. bosn h jiapbua, bi> UHme cbKpoBHina cißepeTb, s a HauaeTb, auoHie xoiueTb, — noBe.TfeHHeMb 6"fecoBCKUMb, aa TBopHTb eMy mto sjio cbohmi K03HOÄ'feHCTBOMT>, e w e " o n 6ora OTJiynHTH h CBHTaro »rfccTa, h o n . flOMy npewHCTbifl h npenoÄOÖHux-B OTeub HauiHXT» Ahtohhh h OeoflocHH. Eon» w e , He xoth hh eAHHOMy norHÖHyTH on> cero CBHTaro M t c r a , h ce cnace MOJiHTBaMH CBHTbIXb CBOHXT». H bt» to BpeMH npHHAe BacHJieH o n nocJiaHHH HryMeHH, Hwe npewe c n a c b i n " nenepHHKa o n noMuuuieHHH ajiaro. H npuH^e chh BT, n e t e p y , xoth bha^th WHBymaro bt> HeH CpaTa, h rjiarojieTb eMy: »eoaope, öparel Kano o 6oa-fe" npeßuBaeuiH HUH-fe?« YflHBH » eo MHOIO u noynax MA? Erfla mto StcoBCKoe npHBHntHHe ecTb? He yTan MeHe, 6ora pann!« e0A0pb w e cb nrfcBOMb pene eMy: »Hto mh HCKyuiaeuiH, h iiohto CMymaeuiH a y u i y moio, OBoraa CHije mh rjiarojin, h 0B0rAa HuaKo? H KoeMy cjioBecn B-fcpoBaTH?« H TaKO o r r a a ero ce6-fe, cnoBeca wecTOKan n a B i eMy. BacHJiHH w e , chh BCH npHHMb, Hfle Bb MOHaCTbipb. B-fecb w e naKbi Bb o ß p a a t BacHJiHeB-fc npHHae kt> HeMy h p e i e eMy: »noryÖHJii t h , 6paTe, OKaHHHUH vmt>: He Bi>cnoMHHyxi> aocaflu TBOen, ewe orb Teß-fe Bb c h » hoiht> npHHxi. Ho ce h s u a h Bb chio HOiub cnopo, BaeMi oöp-fcTeHHoe.« H chh H3i.rjiaroj:aBi, 6-fccb o n n a e o n Hero. TJbHio we y6o HacTaauiy' 0 , n a n u npHHAe BacHJiHH kt. He.My, noHMT.'1 h%khh ct. c o 6 o » o n CTapeub, h rjiarojia nenepHHKy: »Chh n p H B e f l o x i " bt. nocjiyuiecTßo, hko Tpn m^chuh cyTb, OTHeneme ct. to6ok) BHA'fex'bCH, h ce TpeTHH A e m HMaMb b i MOHacTbip'fc. Tbl we rjiarojiaiue: etepa u onoue dnu. Hko H-fciTO 6-fecoBCKoe ecTb j-feHCTBO. Ho TOMy npHxomnmy, He naw me eMy SecfcaOBaTH ct. co6o» npewe, aa »we MOJiHTBy ctTBopHTb, h Toraa paayM'feeuiH, hko 6 t c i ecTb. M c i t b o p h we MOJiHTBy 3anpemeHHH, cbhtuh npii3BaBT> H a

n0M0U(b.«

H onH^e bt> cbok> KtjiHio, yTBpT>AHBT> neiepHHKa. BtcT. we k i tomv He CM-fe" hbhthch nenepHHKy. H paayMtcH .lecTb HHabojih eosopy. M OTTOJie BCHKoro, npnxoaamaro k i HeMy, npewe noMOJiHTHCH Hyanuie, h

71

SS. Theodoras and Basilius of the Cave Monastery

TaKO fecfenoBame ct. hhmi>. H o r r o n e y K p t n H C H Ha B p a r u • p a s y i r b n p o H t i p b ctbo hxt.. H r o c n o f l b Rs6aBH e r o o n . micjieHuxb h p a f i o m y He 6uth i n , hko He MHoruiTb cJiynaeTCH, bt. n y c r a H H npefitJBaiomHMT., hjih bt. n e n e p a x i , hjih bt. aaTBop't wHByu^MT. o c e 6 t : b6Jihko yTBpbweHHe Tp-feSt e c r b , na He n o n r f H e T b o n . 6-6cobt>. Hko w e c e r o xorfeina noryCirrH, ho H3i6aBH e r o rocnoab. 06p-tTeHHoe aacuna.

Ewe

we

o n

BeHHO ecTb. C a m

6ubi>,

HMy r j i y 6 o K y h , T a n o bjiowl", hhkto me c-bB-fecTb, Hfffe w e c i K p o Bflacrb ce6e bt> p a 6 o T y bcjihio, n a He n a K u , npaajieHT. jrfeHOCTH — h o n Toro poahtch 6ccTpaniHe, h n a n u Ta

cinpoBHine,

AbHHH we

irbcTO nottacn.

HCKonaBt

h

rfexT.

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w e a e p i a o c T b 6-fccoMT. 6yAeTb. r i o c r a B H w e b t . nenep'fc w e p H O B U , h OTTOJie H a i a paSoTaTH pyKaMa Atjrfe

Ha

CBHTyio

h MOJiHTBt;

o n

6paTHio,

h

HaiMHJiauie",

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bi

cycfena

bcio houu.

wpeai

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h

H

He CTunnmecH

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M ce b t . MHora JiiTa TBopnuie, p a S o T a n Ha CBHTyio 6paTHio, h jieroTa pa6oMT>.

CBOHMa

6e3i> cHa npeObiBauie, TpywaHCH

o TaKOB-feH p a C o r t

h

MOJifline C o r a

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Hero n a M H n c p t C p o j i i o C H H . M rocnoflb cboGoah e r o o n hko hh noMUCJMTH eMy kt> TOMy o CoraTecTB-b, h a n a r o h C p t 6 p O HKO KaJIT. BirtHHCH eMy. BpeMeHH w e MHory M H H y B u i y " bt. Tai^n" p a 6 o r b h ajiocTpaflaHHH, T p y w a i o u ^ c H a"fejio. Bha^bi. w e c e r o K e j i a p b T a n o T p y w a i o m a c « , wfcKorfla w e npHBeaeHy GbiBiuy w H T y " o n c e j i i , h n o c n a k i HeMy b i n e i e p y 5 bobi, «a He BcerAa, n p n x o A H B3HMaTH whto, cTywHTb ch. C e n w e , ccunaBT. whto bi. c o c y a u , u a i a mojioth, noH n c a j i v r t i p b hst> y e n . A 6 n e y T p y w a c n , B i a j i e w e " , Majio xoth onoMHHyTH. H ce BHeaaany r p o M i ObicTb, h Hawauia w e p H O B U mojioth . H paayM'fcB'b 6-fecoBCKoe a^hctbo c y m e e , Bi>CTaBT. w e S j i a w e H H U H , Hana mojihthch CoroBH n p H j r h w H o h p e i e bcjimkhmt. r j i a c o M i : » 3 a n p e i q a e T b th r o c n o f l b , BceJiyKaBun AHaBOJiel« AaCbi

OTHHjn. o n

TaKOBaro Henyra,

B-feci. w e He n p e c T a H H i u e " , M e j i H " b t . w e p H O B U . eoAopT> w e n a K u

bt.

• B o h m h oTua h cbiHa h c b . nonpaHMe

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cbohmt.

c i B e p r a i a r o B a c i c t . He6ecT> m

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BeJiHn

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Bee

CBHTyio CpaTHio.« H chh p e K i . " , CTa Ha mojihtb^ . B t c b w e He CM-fc npecjiyuiaTHCH, h hsmojiobi whto Bee ao CB^Ta — 5 B o a t . O e o f l o p i bi3b%cth KeJiapeBH, Aa n p n u i n e n no Myny. Yahbhbi w e ch K e j i a p i ahbhomv MK>necn, hko 5 B o a t eflHHO» H o m b » h3mojioto , h BbiBe3e hc n e i e p b i 5 bobt. MyKU, — T a w e h n p y r a a nHTb Boai n p n C u c T b Myn-fe. U

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h BacHJiHH mucjih CBoeH

ciBtn

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yroAem. ceCt,

nojiowHCTa M e w »

ho chw

pa3ptiiiHTH

h

co6ok>, paacy-

72

Hafiography

Ahth,

eme no 6omnio c i r t T y .

hc

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paflH,

B'fcTxom»

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6ptrb

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xoTHiue

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6o

bt. r i e n e p y BxoaHTb, eoAopi KeJiHio we c e S t nocT&BHTH xoth

BacHJieH y 6 o ncxoAHTb,

Toraa

nommeHT>

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H BCfelHl

apoma. H

6nameHHaro.

wto

eme

naKOCTH

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eMy

atiome",

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me

njioTOMi,

KejlHHMT>,

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T O p y , O e O A O p l w e , He me,

M

me, Ha

npHBeae-

H3B03H11K0MI

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HH^MT, THmeKT>, CaMT.

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pene:

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h

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nave,

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h cflbimamHMT., e m e c i T B o p H i u a

C o r a , T B o p m u a r o npeAHBHaa

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na

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BiSABHrouia KpaMOJiv Ha G j i a m e H H a r o , n p o c n m e HaiiMa c B o e r o , r j i a r o j i i o m e T a n o : 5 » H e B-feMbi ', K o e i o ko3hhh> ceMy a p ^ B y noBeJi'fejii ecH Ha r o p % Cuth.« HenpaBeAHUH

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06ptTaeTb

H HenOAOCHa HpaBOMl» H

SS. Theodora»

and Basilius

of the Cave

73

Monastery

K-fejioMb H B e e n 3jio6OIO. IIpHXOAHTb kt> ceiiy CoJinpHHy frfecr. BT. o f i p a r t jiHeot,

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EMY H MYNAMH.

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a

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m e CBoCoAeHT.

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cero.« M T o r « a KHHSB CT> TH^BOMI pene c j i y r a M i : »Cero Host,

MHHxa,

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BeJiio OKOBaTH n o pyirfe H n o

H 3a TpHH AbHH He A3TH X Jrfe6a, HH BOAbl!«

M nanu Binpouiem.

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on.

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ORHB B I A R H ^ T H " .

M Toraa MHO3H ynHBHiuaca TpiirfeHHio M y m a : HKO BT> p o c - t ,

74 BT>

Hagiograpky

npeCtuBame,

NJIAMEBH

HO

HH

ero orHb npHKOCHyCH. H

BJISLCHHHI^H

o n . npe«CTOHmHxi CKaaa o «DeoAopt, ewe cvroopH

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H

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ecH

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H CT>TBOPHXT>.

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KO3HH

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cero npenono6Haro;

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60 He

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KHH3K>.«

peie:

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6HHCH C I

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siumxu'"

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we

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JIIOOHH pr. a. p., del. : JIK>6HTH.

1

ocraB.ib p. a. p. : OCTÌIBHTH.

• HryMPHHMb instr. sg. :

•ryMeHb adj. poM. : iiryMejn.. * neicbrecn tmp. 2 pi. : neuiHCfl. 1 HMU pr. 1 pi. : HCTH =• -ÈCTH. • DTBUH HeCecHUH acc. pi. * eme ari. re/. : CoraTecTBa. • noMpaiaeMi. pr. p. p. : noMpaiaTH. 11 CynH imp. 2 sg. : OUTH. ' BacHJTHe — BacBJiHH. >• prxH imp. 2 sg. : pemH. " npHHMi p. a. p. : npHHTH. " ente art. re/. : ciTBopbaiecH. " Hwe ari. re/. : a-nai-fc. " naat p. a. p. : nacTH. ceMy . . . ©eoaopy . . . cnticmy . . . ciBpbiuaiomy dal. ab«, (catta ). " oOptrk

Prince

Sv'atoia

of

75

Cernigoo

p. a. p. : oOp'term. " o O p t o o n aor. 1 tg. : o O p k c n . " oflpmqemz pr. tig.-. oOptcra. " npBBomame imp/. 3 tg.: o p n o c m . " o a e m . . . n n y i i i i m dat. abt. (temp.). ™ HBBBUBCH p. a. p., det.: HBBTBCH. " Baexbme p. a. p. (adv.) : 8(1)31111. *• p f e » aor. 1 BIO . . . Hacraemy dat. abt. " noRtrk pr. a. p. : n o i m . *• n p s B e n o n aor. 1 tg. : npaaecTB. " c i r t aor. J «EHHBIH H S j i a r o B ^ P U U N KHHSB CBHTOiiia, HMHHBMI» H a n o j i a e 1 , C U H I flaBHAOBl,

BHyKT> CBHTOCJiaBJIb».

RIOMUCJIH y 6 o npeJiecTb WHTHH c e r o c y e T H a r o , H HKO BCH*, HWE afffe, MHMO TENVTB H MHMO x o ^ H T b , H 6 y a y m a « w e G j i a r a n H e n p o x o A H M a H BtMHa c y T b , H uapcTBO HeCecHoe CecKOHeiHO e c T b , Hme y r o T O B a * C o n . JIK>6HII;HMI> e r o . OcTaBH KHH/«eHHe, H MeCTb, H CJiaBy, H BJiaCTb, H BCH Ta HH BT> HTO m e BM*1>HHBT>, H n p H i u e ^ I B*b rienepbCKHH MoHacTbipb, H 6tJCTb M H H X I BT> NTTO 1 1 0 6 , ifieBpyapHH 17. E r o

we

BCH C^BTFLAIOTB T y c y m w i i WEPHOPNABITH AOCPOAITEJIBHOE >KHTHe H

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ntna.

CeH w e HCTHHHUH n o c j i y u i H H K i . c i

MOJibSow HCnpocH, a a

76

Hagiography

e«HHO JRTTO e m e ceHi

BI> n o B a p H H n o p a C o T a e T b

H CIBPIIUEHI» BI» B C Í M I ,

CTtipa.

M

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pynaMa

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BMA^BT. m e

npHxomAame

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TM'

SaameHHUH

BeJibMH,

HHMT. BT. M O H a c T b i p b . HHIJH m e

H uepK0BH0e c T p o e H n e .

MHorbi H AOHbiHe.

lome

TBOH CPATHH

HHmeTow

HO TOMHIO TBopuuiH

MSHCJIABI H

TBoeio.

Kano

o n

TaKOBbiH c n a B b i

H wecTH B I

n o c j r f e A H e e y 6 0 m e c T B 0 n p H H A e , e m e yMopHTH TÍJIO

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BT. H e A y n .

orb

H «aTHCH

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nniua*?

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B J i a a t 1 0 , Hme K H o r n a oTHmeH'fe11 CbiBbuiH1* o r b cjiaAKbin n u m a ,

yTpoÓH-TH nbiH"fe m e

TH y6o

c y p o B o e s e ; i H e H c y x i xjrfc6T> n p n e M J i i o i u H T p i n H T b . BJIIOAH, AS HTKORAA H E A Y N . , o T B C i o A y c o 6 p a B C H , h He H M y m y T H " w p - f e n o c T n , c K o p o mHBOTa r o H b a H e u i H , MH-fe

me

CBOHMa.

He Ce

Morymy14 6o

H 6onpe

TH

noMomn.

TBOH,

6biTH H c j i a B H H Te6-fc p a A H ,

OcTaBHUiH

cJiymuBbiue

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me

iuianb

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inrorAa

jiio6bBe,

—

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mejiiTs-fc

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rnaBbi

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macH.

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c e M b cfe^H, 11 MHHTb TH HKO

H3yMtBi>-

flaBHAt?H j i h

y 6 o K H « 3 b c e C I T B O P H ? HJIH 6JiameHHbiH o T e u b TBOH CBHTOCJIABI?

pa3B-fe

HJIH

BapjiaaMa,

KTO

BT> 6 o H p t x i

HryMeHad,

ce

guBiuaro

CBTBOPH

an-b?

H

HJIH

ame

cero

Mene

nyTH

npecjiy-

u i a e u i H , n p e m e c y A a cyA"b n p H H M e u i « . « Ce

me

H MHORAMAU

HHOrsa

me

y

»BpaTe

Bparb: IleTpe!

rjiarojiauie eMy,

HayneHi MHOramAbi

M o e n , A a He n a K b i 6 p a H H H a e n CMHPHTCH, Cnji-FE 6 o , UIHTHCH. H e

cyTb

«—

0 B 0 r A a BT. NOBAPHH c i

6UBT> CpaTOMa CMOTptxT.

H

OTB-fema

H paacyAHXT.

BicTaBJiio;

p e i e , — » 6paTe

ero.

He

cira^TaeMa

ctAH,

NOMAATTH

MHorbiMi

njioTH

TpyAOMi,

BT. HCMOUIH n 0 A 0 6 H 0

ciRpi-

6 o c T p a c T H Hbnrfc H a r n e r o BpeMeHH TOMHHH 6 y A y m e H

cjiaBi,

XOTHMEN HBHTHCH BT> HacT». B j i a r o A a p i o

IleTpe,

HHMT.

6JiameHHbiH:

we

rocnoAa,

HKO CBO6OAHJIT> MH e c T b ,

Prince cjiyry

cbohin, : kowao

paGoro

BHBMaeTa 1 *

Sv'atoia

fijiameamin

co6t

60

77

of Cernigov

cmn> n e p H o p M a q e m .

CBoe

CpeMH

H

noHecerb.

B p a T a me

AOBjrben> s u a

BJiacTb. C h h m e b c h X p H C r a pajpi ocraBHXi : h m e H y , • j t ™ ,

h

h

öpaTMio, n p y r u • p a 6 u ,

cena,

h

Toro p a n s t a n mh3hh

moh Aa • moh

s o i n h BJiacn.,

b^ihuh

HacjrfeAHHK-b

6 u t h . 06HHinaxi> m e Cora p a g a , s a Toro n p n o 6 p n m y . H t u y 6 o , erfla B p a w e -

uiH,

He

raymaTH

ah ch

yuptTH aa X p n c r a n p a o HeBOM-b« ch TBopn, — uapcTBHe.

BejminH C p a m e H i ? Mirti me

óp^TeHne ecTb, a eme Ha

cmìthiiih cfcirfcTH,

ci

A m e m e HH enuHi> KHHab c e r o He cbTBopHJrb n p e w n e MeHe, npeflBOHman 1 ' a b hko

aBJHOCH1' m :

m e JiH n o p e B H y e n »

BHHMaH

h

ceiiy,

Aa BvurfeAyeTb c e u y

h

Mirt.

h iiayHHBmHin» T e 6 e l « H eraa y 6 o paafSoJiHnieCH chh ÖJiameHHUH, h bha^bi w e e r o , jrfcHeiu» npHroTOBJiHeTb seJiHH Ha riOTp-fcCy BpaweBaHH«, Ha kuhh CuBaine KHHab: hhkbko me He AaAUH * c e ö e BpaieBaTH. H ce ripowee me

cofrfe

MHoramAU coTBopncH. HtKorfla

m e TOMy ü e T p o B H

p a a C o j r f c B n u y c H 1 •, n o c j i a kt> HeMy

CBHToma,

peMe: » A n t e He n n e n i H ae.iHH, C K o p o HCirfejrfeemH ; ante j i h MeH-fe npecJiyuiaeuiHCH, MHoro HMainH

nocTpaAaTH.«

Oht> me, XHTpi» ch TBopH h CojrfeaHH roHbSHyTH xoth, Mano WKBOTa He n o r p i u i H , pacTBopeHHH B K y c H B t . Mojihtboio m e CBHTaro Hcqejrfe. í l a K u m e c e M y p a a ö o j r f e B i m y c H , Hap'feHHe nociiJiaeTb kt> TOMy cbhtuh, r j i a r o J i H , hko: »Bi

3 - h AeHb HcirbjrhetuH, ame He BpamoeuiHCH.«

riocnymaBiine »lio

Tptxi»

CHpnaHHHX bt. 3-h cbhtuh m a r o j i a

ero,

meHHaro. IIpnasaBi 6o

me e r o ,

M-fecHirhxi.,« —

pene,

—

AeHb

cjiobcch 6 j i a ocrpHniHCH:

Hcirfejrfc, n o

e M y , Benn e M y »OTXomAio

CBtoa

cero.«

Ce me p e i e , HaaHaMeHyn eMy CMepii>. CHpHaHHHi» m e , p a s y M - i B i x o m m a H eMy

6uth, chh

ü e r p - b , na«T. n p e A i H o r a M a e M y , ci> CJieaaMH r n a r o j i H : »y bu h

Kto M

mhí,

npnapHTb

kto

moh

rocnoAHHe moh

floöpojrfeTeJiK)

h

AparuH

MOH mHBOTe 1

Ha CTpaHbCTBHe

Moe?

HanirraeTb M H o r y i o m a A t

Tp-feCyniuHxi?

kto aacTyiiHTb oGhahmuxi? Kto noMHJiyeTb hhhihxt>? M

He

p-fexi j i h

ocTaBHTH He

TH,

HMauiH

o

KHHme:

ruiawb HeyrfeuiHMbiH öpaTOMa

p"fexi> j i h T H , o

He TaKO JIH MR CJIOBOMl ÖOWHHMb

hko me TBoe» mojihtboio. r^fe huh-6 otxoahuih, nacTupio mhí,

Il0B%mAb

Aa a m e a a t t h Aa 6yAeTb

h He

aynia

rjiaßa

Moa

MJIbia

pa6y He

CBoeMy,

HCIffejIH H CHJI0K5,

«oßpuH?

H3By

CMepTHyio,

HaoBpanioio,

moh

3a rJiaBy

tboio !

aa a y i i i y

tboio

OTbHAH ott> MeH-fe,

HO HBH MH, r o c n o A H H e ,

Aa AaMl

ch?"

KHHme:

HÍHBOTT. CBOH

O T K y a y TH TaKOBaH B-feCTb ,

3a TH.

A m e j i h me ocTaBJineuiH m h ,

78

Hagiography TO rjvfe CHAy H njiaMWCH CBoero JinmeHHH? ORTTHHIAH

Ha

JIH c e M b ,

MITI BI> B p a r f c x i HTO

CHXT> , HFLT w e

npeöuBaeiuH ?

JIH HMAMI> HacjrfcAOBaTH T B o e r o

HM^HHH?

CaMOMy TH H a r y c y m y , HO H OTxoAHny TH*1, BT> C H x i HCNJIATEHHHXT. pyÖHiuaxi n o j i o w e m . ôyneuiH. FLAPYH

MH TBOIO MOJTHTBY,

HKO me npeBJie HjlHflf EjIHCfcOBHg MHJIOTb, Aa p a a A p a w y " rJiy6HHy cepAenuyio H npoHAy BI> MtcTa KpoBy

AHBHA AOMY

paHcnan 6OWHH.

H 3B%pb",

BtcTb we

no BOSinecTBHH coJiHua,

CT>6paTHCH Ha JIOJKHXT» CBOHXT., Aa JinryTb ; H6O riTHua o ô p t r e c e 6 t H ropjiHua

ratsAO

xpaMHHy

ce6"fe,

Hfl-fe w e nojiowHTb nTeHua CBOH. TLI WE 6 JI-FERB HManiH BT> MonacTbipH, H BJIAWEHHBIH w e

»floöpo

ecTb

MUTERA C B o e r o pene

He

n03Hal
HEMY:

Ha

ynoBaTH

HeweJiH

rocnoAa,

HaAtHTHCH

Ha

MeJioB-fena:

B-fecTb w e r o c n o A b , n a n o npeiiHTaTH BCW T B a p b , Morbi« 1 4 aacTynaTH H c n a c a T H ó-feffHbiH. BpaTa w e MOH, He n n a i H T a " MeHe, HO njiawHTa ce6e H n a A i CBOHXI. BpaneBaHHH

BI> w H B o r f e

we

BHA^TH, HH B p a i e B e "

He

MoryTb

TpeôoBaxi,

MEPTBHH

60

WHBOTA

He

HMYTB"

BiCKpeCHTH.«

McxoflH w e c i HHMb B i n e i e p y , H3i>Kona r p o G i ceß-fe, H pene CHpnaHHHy: »KTO Hawnawe BI3JIK)6H rpo6i> eew?« I I pene CHpHaHHHi: •EyAH T e ö t , HKO w e

xomeuiH.«

I I TaKO ocTpnrcH, npeöbicTb, ruiaiacn jieHb H Homb, He npecTan aa Tpu M-tcHUH. BjiaweHHUH w e ,

yrtman

ero,

r.iarojiaiiie:

»BpaTe r i e T p e ! xomeuiH AH, noHMy TH CI CO6OK>?« OHI

we

co nJiaieMb

peie

KT> HeMy:

» X o m y , Aa MeHe nycTHuiH, H a s i

aa TH y M p y .

Tu

we

MOJIH aa MH.«

I I pese K i HeMy ÔJiaweHHbin: »FLPI3AH,

Ilo

MAAO, ROTOBI 6 y A H ,

BT> 3 - H

60 AeHb

on.Hfl.euiH

KO

npopeweHHK) w e CBHTaro, no 3-XT> AfcHexi, npHHacTHBCH

rocnoAy.«

öowecTBeH-

HBIXT>, HJHBOTBOpHIUHXÏ. TaHHT> ßeCMepTHbIXl, H BT>3Jien> Ha OHp-fe, OnpHTaBCH, H n p o c T e p t " H o a t " , npeAacTb « y i i i y BT> p y u t BnaweHHbiH

we

KHH3b

rocnoAeBH.

CBHToma noTOMt npeôucTb jrfeTb 30, He HCXOAH

H3*B MOHacTupH, AOHAewe npecTaBHCH BT> B^IHUH WHBOTI>, H BT> AeHb npecTaBJieHHH e r o Mano He Becb rpain. oßp^Tecn. I I ce yBiaaB-b 6pan> ero, n nocJiaBi e i Mojibßoio KT. wryMeHy, r j i a r o j i n , npoen c o ö t Ha öjrarocjiOBeHHe KpecTa, Hwe y napeMaHTHH ero, H BMmaBHHiia, h KJiajjKbi ero, Ha Henwe KJiaHjmiecn. I l r y M e n i we

AACTB e M y ,

peKi: T B o e H 6YAH

TO6Ü«

»IIo

Btpt

Ce»

w e , npHHMi, MecTHO HMHiue, h BnacTb nrytieHy 3 rpHBHbi a j i a i a , Aa

He TyHe BisMeTb sHaMeHHe ó p a r a e . CeMy w e HancjiaBy H i K o r a a paaßojrfeBmycn H y w e BI> HeiaHHHH o n

BCÍXT.

Prince

Sv'aioia

of

Cernigov

79

6 u B n i y " , h npH c u e p r n c y m a T o r o BHiffeBune, n p H C t f l H x y eMy w e H a e r o h e r o h bch C o j i x p e . H chr m e , x a j i o bickjiohhbch, n p o c s BOflw I l e i e p b C K a r o 1 KJiaAnaH, h r a n o OH-feM-fc' . n o c j i a B m e w e , B s n i n a BOOM. H o r p i m e * * r p o f o CBjrraro eoAOCHH, n a c T b w e H r y M e H i a n a c n u B u y CBfrromHMy, 6 p a T a e r o , Aa o C j i e K y n , e r o bi> hk>. H n p e w f l e n a w e He bhrac hocrr" Bony h BJiacHBHiuo, h aCiie n p o r j i a r o n a KHHSb:

H-feTH

• H a u n e T e " CKopo Ha c p i T e m i e HHKOJltM

npeai

r p a n i n p e n o f l o C m m a eoAocHio h

B u i e A u i y w e no&JiaHHOMy" ct> boaoio h ct> BJiacnHHueio, h B i a o i m khhsb i »HHKOJia, HuKOJia CB«rromal« H AaBiue eMy iihtr , h oCjieKoma e r o bi BJiacuHHiiy, h a C a e 3ApaBi> 6 u c n > . H b c h npociiaBHiiia 6 o r a h yronHHKa e r o . T y w e BJiacnHHuy BSHMaiue Ha c h , e r « a p a a 6 o n n u i a c H , h T a n o a a p a B i . 6 u B a u i e . C a m w e k i OpaTy i x a T H xoTHiue, h y A p i w a H i Cucts o n TorAa c y m n x i . e i r a c K o i r b . B i BCHKyio w e p a T b chio BJiacflHHUio Ha c e 6 t KMsme, h TaKO 6eai> B p e a a n p e C u B a u i e . C i r p t m H B n i y w e eMy** H t n o r f l a , He CM-fc b3hth e n Ha c e O t , h T a « o yCHeHi. 6bicn> bi p a r a . H a a n o B ^ A a bi> t o h w e noJiowHTHCH. M H o r a w e h HHa ncnpaBJieHHH o tomb xywH n o B i n a i o T b . H w e cyniHH wepHopHauH o CjiaweHHim khhsh Cbhtoidh.

CB*tflaioTb Ty

r ao HUH-fe

1 HBKOJiae - HflHOJiaa. * bch nom. pi. n. : Bbcb. ' yroroBa aor. 3 tg. : yroTOBaTB. ' p a x y loc. du. : paMO. ' 80B0Ma pr. p. p. : BiBaTB. • cub pr. a. p., det. : Suth. ' H3He1 Mon>iiiy th dal. abt. (temp.). ' oCukjii p. a. p. : oOuKHyra. nHina geti. tg. : nnma. '* BJiarfc dal. tg. : BJiara. " OTnmeH'b p. p. p., dat. tg. /. : OTHr(i)TBTB. 11 OTHrHetrt OhiBbinB dal. abt. (temp.). " He HMyuiy t h dat. abt. (cau».). " Mrb He Moryimo dat. abHyKy HropeBy», Kwe H CBRTUHMb KpemeHHeMb npocB-FETH BCio 3eMJiio Pycbcny b .... Cb y6o BojioflHMepi HM-feniue cbiHOBi 1 2 , He orb eAHHOfi M E H U , HI> OTb pacHi 5 MaTepi H X I , BI> Hnxiwe 6«uie CTap-fcH* BumecJiaBi, a no HeMb H3ncjiaBi, TpeTHH CBHTom>jiK-b, Kwe m y6nHCTBo ce ainoe H3io6ptrb'. Cero MaTH npewe 6-fe MbpHHiieio, rpbKbimi cymH, H noHjn. IO* 6t flponiJiKi, 6parb BojionHMepb, H pocTpnn> » npacoTu fl-fcjiH jitiua en, H 3aMa* orb HeH cero CBHTom.jiKa. B0Ji0AHMep-B we, n o r a m eme [cu], y6HBi flpom>JiKa, u nonn.10 weHy ero Henpa3AbHy cymio; on> Henwe poflHCH CHH OKaHbHbiH11 C B H T O N I J I K I . M 6ucTb orb A I B O W OTUIO H OpaTy cymio; rtMb w e H He JHoGjiHame1* ero B0Ji0AHMepi>, a«u He orb ce6e eMy cymio. A orb PorbH-FCFFH 4 CBIHU HM'fcHUie: M3HCJiaBa, H MbCTHCJiaBa, H flpocjiaBa, H BceBOJiosa, a orb HHOH CBH-rocjiaBa N MbCTnc-iaBa, a orb CiJirapbiHt" Eopwca H Tjrt6a. H nocawa" H no pocHaitrb aeMJiHMi BT> KHHWCHMH .... IlocaAH yCo cero onaHbHaaro CBHToniJiKa BI> KHHwemiH nHHbCKt c , a flpoc-naBa HoB-feropoat«1, a Bopnca PocTOB-fc®, a FjrfeCa M y p o M f . H i ce ocTaHy M H 0 r 0 rjiaronaTH, fla He BO MHoronHcanHH BT>.Tt3eMb. H b o HeMbwe Hawaxb, CH cbKameMT. y6o cnue. *

BT>

3a6biTb

81

Passion and Encomium of SS. Boris and Gleb M H o r o m . m e «HbM-b y m e K H H y B i m e m 1 ' • HKO c i K O H f c i a m a c n n u e

BOJIO-

A H M e p y , y w e MHHyBT.uieirb jrfeTOMT. 2 8 n o C B H r b x b K p b m e H H H , n n a n e b i KpiirbKT.. r o n i

B T . TO m e

Bpexn

OTbHHyflbi

nanu

we

6flame

BojiOAHMepi,

Cname1* npHmejri. E o p n c i Hflymein.1'

paraio

aaoie He M o m a m e

HST. POCTOBA.

Ha P y c i > ,

HSHTH n p o T H B y

Heflyn Ileiert-

Bemnrfe"

n

HMT», H MHoro

neiajis neiajw-

a i n e c H 1 ' . H n p H B i B a B T . B o p n c a ( e M y w e 6-FE HMH HSA^HHO BT. CBNRBMT. KpbojeHHH P o M a m . ) , 6jia>KeHaaro H CKoponocJiyuibJiHBaro, ero,

nocr>Jia

BtcraBi., »Ce

Hfle,

6e36owbHbiMT>

npenaBi

IleseH-fcroM-b.

B o i " OHI

M H o r u BT. p y i r f c

we

ci

paAOcra»

pem>:

roTOBi.

cepjwa O

H npoTHBy ecMb

npe;vb

oiHMa

TBOHMa

CITBOPHTH,

ejiRKO

Bejiim.

BOJIH

TBoero.« TaKOBbixi

60

peie

IIpirn>4bHHin>i>:

Cum 6tucb omtfio nocMfuiMueb U AtoCtiMi npe&t AutfbMb Mamepe MOM. O n . m e f l T . i n 10 w e e t i y H He oSpirbimo' 1 cynocTan. CBOHXT., BIABPARABINIIOCH eMy

BT»cnHTb,

H ce

np«fle

B-fecrbHHKT. KT> H e t t y ,

ciKaaan

OTHB e n y

c-bMbprb:

KaKO n p e c T a B H C H OTeijb e r o BacHJiHH (BT> c e 6 0 HMH 6 n m e H a p e i e H T . BT. CBftrfeMb KPBNIEHHH), H KaKO CBHTOTOJIKT. n o . T a H " C I M B P T B 0 T i ) a C B o e r o , H HOIB NPOHXABT. noMocrb

Ha

EepeeroBiMb

H BI

KOBbpi

o6bprfeBT>me",

CR.BICHBT.me

y>«H HA

a e M J i i o , B e s i i n e Ha c a H b x i , n o c T a B H i u a n B I i j b p K B H C B H T u e B o r o p o f l H i ^ a . H KANO y c J i u m a CBHTIJH

BopHCT.,

Haian.

rtjiiMb

y r b p r r f e B a T H , H J i n u e e r o BBCE

cjibsr.

HCITBJLHHCHH cHueBan

cjibaaMH

pa3JiHBancfl

H He M o r u H "

raarojiaTH,

BT> CTPAUH CM

Haiatr.

B-femaTH: »YBU

Mirfc, CB^Te OMHK) i t o e i o ,

CHHHHO H s a p e J i H i j a C p i a f l o " yHOCTH

Moero,

Moei",

HaKasaHHe HeflopaaynHH YBU

MH-6 , o n e

MoeroI

H r o c n o f l H H e MOH I

KT> KOMy NPHCTRHY, KT> KOMy

sisbpio?

K-bfle JIH HacbiiQiocH T a K O B a a r o 6 n a r a a r o H KaaaHHH p a a y M a YBU

MH% , Y B U MHII I

K a K O a a H f l e , CB-feTe MOH, He c y m y fla

yieHHH

TBoero? MH T y ?

C b i x i . noirfe caMT. i b C T b H o e TBOe

CBOHMa p y K a M a n rpo6y

rtjio

cinpnTajn."

npenajii,

HT. TO HH nOHecoxT. n p a c o T w

MywbCTBa r b j i a

TBoero,

HH CINOAOCNEHT. 6UXT> IRBJIOBARA fl06p0JrtnbHUXT> HT>, 0

TBOHXT. cfcflHHT..

C^AWEHHHE, IIOKIHHH MH BT. IIOKOH TBOH.

CBPNAE MH r o p H T b , flyma

MH CIMUCJIT.

H He B t M b ,

ciMymaeTb,

KT. KOMy OfipaTHTHCH

H KT. KOMy CHK> r o p b K y i o n e i a n b KI

6 p a T y JIH , e r o w e

npocrpiiTH:

6UXT> HM^JIT. B I

HT. TT., MbHIO, 0 CyeTHH MHpbCKUHXT. H o YGNEHHH MoeMT.

noMumJinen.;

sa

Moe

a m e Ha y 6 « n c T B 0

OTI;A M^CTO, nojniaeTbCfl

norbmHTbcn.

—

82

Hagiography

rocnodb

MyHBHHKi» 6y«y rocnoAy Moeny. Aa-b 60 He npoTHBJiiocH, aaHe nniueTbCH: npduuMtt npomu.eu.mbcx, cbMibpenuMt, Mce daemb ÓAazodamb ; AnoeroJii w e :

Unce

pene: tBoza AK>6MO,* a 6pama ceoezo Henaeudumt>, ABOTCB ecmb. M nanu: BoftíHu «1 AK>6K8U Hibcmb\ cbebpiuenan AIO6U" «ih» usMeiifemi cmpaxb. TfcMb We MbTO peKy , HJIH HbTO CITBOpiO? Ce « a H«y kt> 6paTy MoeMy h p e n y : 'Tu m m GyflH OTeub, tu mh 6pan> h CTap^H. HbTO mh BenuuiH, rocnoAH moh'?« I l CH Ha ywfe cm noMbiuiJiHH, HAHuie" kt* 6paTy CBoeMy h r n a r o j i a a m e bt>

cepnuH CBOeMi:

•To noH"fe ysbpio jih ch Jiime CpaThua Moero MbHbiuaaro rjrfcöa, h ko me Hoch(J)t. BeHHHMHHa?'« H Ta BbCH nojiarafl bt> cepaUH ch r j i a r o j i a a w e : •Bojih TBOH na 6y«eTb, rocnoRH mohI« IIoMiiiuiJiHuie w e bt> yucfc CBoeMt: »Ame noway bt> äomt. oTua cBoero, to h3ui;h mho3h eaa npeBpaTHTb cbp/me Moe, HKO npomaTH mh 6paTa Moero, hko we h OTeub moh n p e w e cbhtoto KpbtueHHH, cjiaBbi paah h KHHweHHH Miipa cero, Hwe Bee MHMOxoumb h x y m e nayHHHbl,

TO KaMO HMaMl npHHTH no OTUIbCTBHH MOeMt OTCIOAy? K a m jih y ö o oßpamiocH* 0 r b r ^ a ? OTB-fen.?

KbiH jih mh ßyaeTb

K t f l e JIH CbKpbllO MbHOWbCTBO rp^XOBT. MOHXT.? MbTO 60 n p H o C p i T o m a " n p e w e GpaTHH oTua Moero 11 jih OTeqb moh? K i « e 60 HXb whthh h cJiaBa MHpa c e r o , H SarpHHHUa, H 6pH4HHbI, c p t ß p o H 3JiaT0,

BHHa h Me,iOBe,

6pauibHa HbCTbHan h GucTpuH kohh, H AOMOBe KpaCbHHH H BejIHUHH, H MMÍHHH MHOra, H na H11 H MbCTH CeiUHCJIbHbl, h rbpfl-feHHfl, h w e o ôojinptxT. cbohxt.? y me Bce ce hmi aKH He 6biJio hhkojih w e : BCH CT> HHMb Hme30llia". M H ^ C T b " nOMOLUH HH o n . Koro w e CHXl: hh o r b hmIìhhh , HH ott> MiiowbCTBa p a ö i , HH ott. MHpa c e r o . TtMb

H COJIOMOHb,

BCe npOUJbJVb'*, BbCH

BbCH ClTHWaBT. H CbBXKyilHBT» h BbCH pacMOTptB-b, pewe : Bbce cyema u cyemue cyemun 6ydu. TtKMO nOMOlUb OTT. AOOpt A^JTl, H OTT» npaBOB-fepHH, H OTT» HeJTHHeM"fepbHblH JlWÖlBe.«

BHA"fcin>,

Passion

and Encomium

83

of SS. Boris and Gleb

H F F U H " w e nyTbMb noMunuinaine o Kpacorh H floóporfe rfenece CBoero, H cJie3aMH paajiHBaamecfl BbCb H , XOTH yAptrnanicH, H Re Momaame". H BCH 3bpnme ero TaKO cJie3Ha, nnaKaaxycH*' o AoCpopogbH'fcMb rfcjrfc H ibCTbfrfexb P A A Y M T BiaflpacTa ero, H K I M A O B I A Y U I H CBoen croHaame r o p e c r a » CbpatHHOio, ii BCH ciMymaaxycH o neiaJiH. K I T O 6O He BICNJIAMETBCH ciMbpTH T o t n a r y 6 H o t " , npHBOflH npefli. OMH Cbpaua CBoero? 06pa3i> 6o 6nauies® yHbuibiH ero, B i a o p i H cnpyuieHHe CbAiia ero CBHToro. T a K i 60 d " SjiaweHiiH n> npaBbAHBi H m e A p i , THXT. , K p i n > K i , curfepeHi., BCfeXT» MHJiyH H BbCH Ha6lAH 41 . noMbiiuiiHauje me BI ce6% 6jiaro6jiameHbíH BopHCi H rjiaronaame: »B-FCAT", HKO CpaTa Moero 3-bJiypaAH HJioB-feuH noHyAHTb H Ha yOHHCTBO Moe H nory6nTb MH. fla ame npoJiieTb KpiBb 110», TO MyieHHKi 6yj¡y rocnofly MoeMy, a Ayxi> MOH npHHMeTb BJiaAHxa.« Tane, 3a6uBT> CKipgb ciMbpTbHyw, rtmaame" cbpAfle CBoe o wioBecH 6O>KHH: N

UNCE

MCUEOMN,

NOZYÓUMB

DYTUTO CEOTO MENE

ERBSBHTBMB, CBXPAHUMB

PADU

U MOUXI

CMEECB,

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10

10.

M noHAe paflocTHbMb cbpnubMb penun: »He npesbpn MeHe, rocnoflH npeMHJiocTHBe, ynoBaiomaaro Ha TH, HT> cnacH AYIUIO

MOH).«

•

CBHToniJiKT> me c f e a t " KbieBt 4 5 no O T U H . npH3BaBl KbIHHbl, MHOrbl Aapu HMT. ASBl., OTnyCTH ñ. Ilocna H TOCOJO Jiio6iBb HMÍTH, H m OTbHK>4* AanHio eme TH npHAam>.< JIbCTbHO, a He HCTHHy rjiarojm. üpHiiieA'b Bbiuieropofly HOHb oTan, npHSBa nyTbinio H BhimeropOAbCKirt M Y W T " H pene HMT>: »nOB-tflHTe4* MH no HCTHH'fe, npHHSHbCTBO H M T E T E JIH K l MH^FE?« IlyTbiiia pene: »BbCH M U MOWEMI. rjiaBU CBOH nojiomnTH sa T A . « BHATB-b m e AHHBOJII (H HCKOHH HEHABHAHH49 A o C p a MJIOB-feKa), HKO Bbcio

Haaewio CBOKJ Ha rocnoAa nojiowmn. e c T b " C B H T H H B o p H c i , Haiarb 8 1 IIOABHw b K Í H " SbiBaTH, H o ó p i n . , HKO me npeme KaHHa Ha 6paT0y6HHCTB0 ropnma, TaKO me H CBHTom>jiKa, no HCTHHÍÍ BiTopaaro KaHHa, yjiOBH MiicJib», HKO Aa naCHeTb BCH Hacji-feAbHHKbi oTua CBoero, a caMi npHHMerb BCIO BJiacrb E A H H I . T i r A a npH3T>Ba KT> CeG-fe OKaHbHUH TpeKJIHTbIH CBHTOITbJIKT, CbB'feTbHHKtl BceMy 3Jiy H HanajibHHKH Bceu HenpaBbA-fe", H o r b B b p s i ' 4 npecKBbpHbHafl ycTa, HenyeTH 31JIUH r . i a c i , pene IlyTbiiiHH-fe naAH: »Ame y60 oótiuaerecH 5 5 rjiaBU CBOH nonomHTH, ineAiiue y6o, CpaTHH MOH, OTaw, KT>Ae oSpHmeTe SpaTa Moero Bopnca, [H] CT>MOTpbiues* BpeMH, y6HHTe H".« H oCtmauiacH- eMy Tano C V T B O P H T H . O TaKOBbixi 60 peie npopoKi: CNOPU CYMB NPOAUXMU NP-BEB 6EC NPAEBDTT; CU 60 OÓRBUFAEAIOMBCN XPISU TOMEN

6E33AK0HUE:

U CTÓUPAIOMB

HENBCMUEMB

CEÓIB 3AAA\

CUTÍ

CEOTO DYUITO O6U.EMA.TOMB.

*

NYMBE"

CYMB

A>6UPA-

84

Hagiograpky

BAAMEMIH me B o p s c i , HKO me CH 6-fe BopoTHJTb", H CTAJN. frb HA Jlbrfe k m a T b p u " . H p i i n a KI Heny «pymHHa: »rioBAH, csflH KueB-fc HA CTOJRFC OTBHH: ce 6O BOH BBCH BT. p y « y TH c y n . . i OHI

ME

HHI>

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M Gnaiiie, BT. ffbHb cyCoTbHUH, BT. ry&b*1 H newanH, y^py^eHiMb cbpAUbMb, • BURTA*" BI maTbpi CBOH, anaKauiecH CT.KpymeuT.Mb cbpAUbMb, a ayuieio paflOCTbHO» HtaJiocTbHO rjiacT. Hcnymaauie: »Cnbsi. MOHXT. He npeabpa, BJiajiUKo, na HKO WE ynoBaio Ha TH 1 Tano na cr. TBOHMH pa6u NPHHMY nacTb H MPE6HH

CT> B C Í M H

CBHTUHMH

TBOHMH,

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6paTHe.«

86

Hagiography

¿Ja eJiHKO cjitimaxy uiOBeca ero, on> cjib3T> He M o w a a x y " HH cjioBece penyi, o n CTpaxa we h neiajiH ropbKU h MiHoraxT. cjib3T>, ht. ct> BT.3xujxaHHem ropbKUMb waJiocTbHO njiaKaaxycn h Kiwbao bt. avuih cBoew maronaame: » y BU H

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CBoero

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npnjiowHxi..

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87

Patsion and Encomium of SS. Boris and Gleb ripHJiomio K I ß e a a K O H H » y 6 o oCaie •

H MaTepe

npaBbflbHUHMH

ci

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a yMU

ntbpmeHU

A s i , SpaTHe, h ainoGneMb h BT.3Apacn.Mb eme MJiafleHbCTBy». Ce H-fccTb yÓHHCTBO, ht. cupop'fcaaHHe. MbTO 3T.JI0 CT»TBOpHXT), CIB'fcA'fcTeílbCTByHTe MH , h He manió c h . A m e jih KptBH Moet HacbrrHTHCH xomeTe, y m e bt> p y K y b u ecMb, 6paTHe, h 6 p a i y MoeMy, a BarneMy khhsio.« H hh n o R t eAHHoro cuiOBece nocTUA"feinacH, hh MbicJib» npeKjioHHmacn, ht. hko me y 6 o cBep-fcnHH aB-fcpHe Tawo B t c x u r a u i a ero, Ohi me bha^bt», hko He BiHeMJiioTb cJioBecr. e r o , Hanarb maroJiaTH CHue: »CnacHcn, CnacHcn,

MHJiuH moh OTMe h rocnoAHHe MaTH h rocuome moh !

BacHJiHeq!

Pa*»ion

and Encomium

of SS. Boris and Gleb

Cnacacfl, Cpare Eopiice, CTaptHmHHO yHOCT* CnacHcn • th, CpaTe • Bpame, CBHTonvjwel CnacirrecH h bu, (Spaine h npy>KHHO I

89 mochI

Bi>ch cnacirrecii I

y»e B6 IMflHl BftCl BH^faTH Bl >KHTHH C€Mb t aaBe paajiyqaem ectib on> Bad ci Hymen 1« H rjiarojiaaiue, njiasaca: »Bacmme, BacHJine, one moh h rocnOAHHel IIpHKJIOHH yxo TBOe • ycjaimH rjiaci moh, h npaabpH, h BBKk1" npHKflnHbniaHCH1'4 qaoy TBoexy. KaKo 6ea bhhu saxajiaem. ecMb! YBU MH-fe, yBu MH-fe I CAUIUU

H«6O

u

toHywu

AEMAE!

H tu, Bopiice, CpaTe, ycjibiiiut rjiaca Moero. Orqa iioero BacHJiHH npHa-bBai/b, h He nocnyua tieBe. To hh tu He x o m e m H MeHe nocnymara? Bn» fijiaronaniM WHBa ecTa h rocnoaeBH npe;n>CTOHTa, h mojihtbo» n o M o a t T a 1 4 4 mh.< H c h p e K b , h noHfloma npoTHBy co6-fc. H n o K p u u i a none JIbTbCKoe mhombCTBbHb boh, h cicTynHuiacH BbcxoflHmio CbJiHUK)144, h 6ucTb e t n a ajia OTHHyAb. H cbCTynamacH TpHWbgu, h ßamacH nepecb flbHb BbCb, h y w e kt> Benepy oaojrfc flpocnaBb, a c i onaHbHtiH CBHTontJiKi» n o C i w e , h Hanajie Ha Hb 6"fecb, h p a c j i a ö i i n a kocth e r o , hko He moihh hh Ha kohh cfcatTH. H Hecnx y T b 1 4 * ero Ha HOCHjrfcxb. H npnô'fcroiua EepecTHio" ct. HHMb. O h i . w e p e i e : »IIoö'fcrH'fcTe ! Oce w e H y T b 1 4 ' no Hacb!« M n o c b i J i a x y T b 1 4 ' npoTHBy, h He G i h h r o H n m a a r o , h h w e H y m a a r o wrfcAb e r o . H J i e w a B i bt> hômouîm, BtcxoriHBcn, r j i a r o j i a u i e :

bt.

»nofrkrirfcMbi I E me weHyTb I O x b MHt!« H He Mowaauie Tbpn-fcTH Ha esHHOMb M i c r f e . H n p o 6 i > « e Jln^bCKy 3eMJiK>t, roHHMi m ^ B b M b 6owHeMb. H n p n ß i w e Bb nycTbiHK) Mewio Hexbi h J l n x u " . H Ty H c n p o B p b w e 1 4 * WHBon> cboh abjrfc. H n p u n r b Bb3Mb3AHe o r b r o c n o a a , hko w e noKa3auie nocbJiaHHan Ha Hb naryßbHan p a H a , h no cbMbpTH My«y B-feqbHyio. H Taño 06010 wHBOTy jiHXOBaHb ö u c T b . H cbge He rbKbMO khhwghhh , Hb h wHBOTa r o H e a e 1 ' 0 , h TaMO He n.KbMO uapbCTBHH HefiecHaro h eme c b aHreJibi whthh n o r p t u i H , Hb h Myiffc h orHio npe^acTbcn. H ecTb Morujia ero n no c e r o AbHe, h HCxoAHTb o n . Hen c M p a ^ i abJibiH Ha noKa3aHHe MJiOB-feKOMb . . . 1 CBHTyio MyHCHHKy gen. du. ' npaBbiHX'b gen. pi. : npaBUB. ' cymy caMonpbwbuio 4 dat. abs. (temp.). PycbcrtH dat. eg. : PycbCKi. • pacHi gen. pi. /. : pac(b)Hi> — paabRi. • CTaptB comp. : CTapv * HaioOptn. am. 3 sg. : aaioOptcTH. • 10 acc. eg. : ona. • aaia aoT. 3 eg. : saiaTH. " noim> aor. 3 sg. : dohth. 1 1 OKaHbHUH = OKanHbHUH. » nioOjiname 14 imp/. 3 sg. : jiioOhtb. " OvnrapuH'b gen. sg. : OiJiraphiHH. nocama aor. 3 sg. : nocamam. 14 MHoroMT. AHbMi MHHyBT»tneMT> and the following expression in the same sentence HHHyBimeMT.

Passion and Encomium

91

of SS. Boris and Gleb

JRFCTOMI dot. abt. (temp.). " O n a m e i m p / . 3 tg.: GHTB. " n e i e a - b r o m « a y m e s r v d a t . abs. (cam.). " BeJiHirb loc. sg. / . : BCJIBKV " n e s a j i H a m e c n i m p / . 3 tg.: n e i a J i B T a c n . " BO* ace. pi. : BOH. " o O p t n m y p. a. p . , dat. tg. (ab«., temp.) : oCptCTH. " DOTaa am. 3 tg. : noTaHTH. " o O b p r t B i i n e p . a . p . , n o m . pi. : ofibprkTH. * M o r t i B p . a . p . , det. : MOWH. u O p i a f l o uoc. tg. : 6 p i 3 . u a . " Moefe gen. tg. : MOH. " 6 u x i > . . . c i n p f r r a j n » cond. periphr., 1 tg. " JIIOQU nom. tg. = jiioOoBb. " a n n i n e and r n a r o j i a a m e i n the tame tentenee imp/. 44 3 tg. " o O p n u y c n p r . 1 tg. : ofiptCTBCH. " n p H o O p ^ r o m a aor. 3 tg. : n p « o 6 p r t c T H . Hmes o m a aor. 3 pi. : H U i e a n y m = HCMeaHyTB " H t c r b = He ecTb. " n p o r a w n . p . a. p. (ado.) : npoHTH. " HAbiR p r . a. p . (ad).) : BTH. M o m a a m e i m p / . 3 tg. : Mom«. " njiaftaaxycfl i m p / . 3 pi. : niiaKaTHCH. »• naryCHO'b gen. tg., / . : n a r y C ( b ) H i . (Sname i m p / . 3 tg. : OUTB. " 6-6 i m p / , (aor.) 3 tg. : CbiTH. " HaOittH pr.a.p. : BaOifl-feTH. « rtjrt pre«, ( p e r / . ) I tg. : 44 44 B-feirfeTH. " rtniaame i m p / . 3 tg.: I ' b u i u i u . c t j r t a o r . 3 tg. : cbjrbTB. KbieB*h loc. : KueBi. " OTbHK) dat. tg. : OTbHb. " BbimeroponbCKbrt Mynrfi ace. pi. " nortflBTe imp. " H e n a B H s n a pr. a. p., det. : HeHaBBjtfiTB. " n o J i o w m n . ecTb p . periphr. : 2 p i . : noBtjvfiTH. n0Ji0H(HTH. " H a i a r b aor. 3 tg. : HaiaTH. " nonBHmbH-tH comp. : n o a B H w b H i . " Bcea 44 44 H e n p a B b f l t dat. pott. o r b B L p a i p . a. p. : OTOBp-ficTB. o O l m a c T e c H a o r . 2 pi.: otomaTBCH. M cbMOTpbtne p . a. p., n o m . p i . : CbMoTp-feTH. " H acc. tg. : OHI. n y T b e nom. pi.: n y T b . •• CH 6 T BopoTHJiT. and (in the tame tentenee) CTajrb 0 * p . periphr. " m a T b p u instr. pi. : uiaTbpi. " T y 3 * loc. tg. : r y r a . •* B-wrb3T. p . a. p. : B u r f c a r H . » n o M u m n n m e T b i m p / . J tg. : 44 noMuujjiHTH. yOweHy OUBIUIIO gen. du. " Jiewe aor. 3 tg. : n e i b . •• MH03-S loc. tg. : M(i>)uorb. " K p ' t n i i r t loc. tg. : Kp-feaiK-b. " THHtbirfe loc. tg. : TRHtbirb. " BbceflbpmHTej i e B i adj. post. : BbcenbpmiiTWib. Bi.a6i.HyBT. p . a. p . : B"b3(t)6T>HyTH. " npoaByTepi. — 14 npoaBUTep-b. '* H o a t acc. du. : B o r a . ** K0HbMaBT.ini0 e n y dat. abt. (lemp.). 3bpH pr. a. p. (adv.) : 3bp"tTH. " HaBOJiHBbiH p. a. p., det. : H3BOJTHTH. " npHHMi p. a. p . : npHflTB. "

J i i o C i B e gen.

tg.

. ]iioObi/JiioCi>Bb.

• • o r b M e m e n . p r . 3 tg. acc.

tg.

aor.

3 pi.

m.:

instr.

tg.

: orbMeTaTH. H a i o gen.

OCJIRHTH.

du.

: BptmHCR/BbprHyTHCH. : HMH.

*• M O m a a x y

"

i m p / . 3 pi.

Ha

Hb =

: MOIUH.

"

c J i o B e c e gen.

"

y a b p t c T a aor.

: MU.

44

tg.

"

tg.

: OBT>.

B o n H T e n i o and

3 pi.

"

npoHbaoma

following

"

formt

: HMaTH.

oS.iHnHa p. p . p . ,

: HacyByTH.

: peuiH. "

the

e M j i e r i p r . 3 tg.

: yabptTH.

H a c y H y m a aor.

•* p e K b i H p r . a . p . , det. Ha + acc.

"

: C-IOBO. 3 du.

44

Bbpmecn

HMbHbMb — HMeHbUb aor.

3 pi.

i n the

tame

: npoHbara. tentenee

:

o f l e m e , m b a j t e , HaaaTeiiio uoc. tg. : BOflHTejib, o n e w a , « b a r n . , KaaaTejib. " y c i n e aor. 3 tg. : 44 yci.(n)HyTH. " o O b p r b B i i n e p . a. p., nom. pi. : o G b p r t T H . HCHCTOBHCH p r . a. p. : HeMCTO44 BHTBCH. BicnoHHHy aor. 3 tg. : B-bcnoMHHyTB. •• BHiqbma adj. comp., acc. pi. : B H i o n . " r o p b o i a adj. comp., acc. pi. : ropbHBH. •• RmAeHyTb p r . 3 pi. : • a i r H a r a . aeturb uoeR 141 gen. tg. : 3eMjin MOH. CLHtoTb p r . 3 tg. : (TtHbcTH. AHHBOJIb adj. pott. : ABHBOJTb. n o n . H e c H aor. 3 tg. : nonKHyTHCH. npHuibJia O n a n i e p . periphr. = p . a. p. + i m p / . 144 1,4 BT>ana nor. 3 sg. : BT>a(I)DHTF. ereHio p r . 1 tg. : CTeHaTH. MHbxi* aor. 1 tg. : 3 tg. 141 1,4 MtbJHbTH. ci.cTHwe aor. 3 tg. : CT.CTHHH. eMy cTeHiomy a nJiaMiomycn a . . . o M a n a i o m y dat. abt. (temp.). cp-tTOiua aor. 3 pi. : (¡(iJpiCTH. O M p a i a a x y c n B r p e O f l x y impf. 3 pi. : 1,1 O M p a i a T u c n , rpecTH. Manaoie i m p / . 3 tg. : waHTH. n n o B y m e p r . a. p., nom. pi. : 114 1,4 nJiyra. yMHJieHaMa OHHMa i n e l r . d u . B c n y m a a i n e i m p / . 3 tg.: HCaymaTH. BU dat. pi. » BaM-b. 114 OpeyfiTe imp. S pi.: O p e m H / O p t m a . Moe-6 gen. sg., / . : MOH. • " nombH-bTe 111 1,4 imp. i pi. •. iiomaTH. c i a b p ^ j t a p . a. p., gen. ace. tg. : ciabp-fcTH. B i a A p a c r b i n a p . a. p., 1,1 1M gen. tg. / . : BT.3(n)pacTH. BU dat. pi. — BaMi. y c r a anocTonbCKU in«(r. p i . Baxtb 144 144 i m p . 2 tg. : BAA'bTB. npHKiiiOHbmaHCH p . a. p., n. acc. pi. : npmuiioiHTBCH. npeKJiOHb 1,4 p . a . p . : npewioHHTH. a a i t r u n r b n i B M b p . a. p . , inttr. sg. : H a w u i K H y T B . npHcryn n b u i e p . a . p . , nom.

pi.

: npHCTynimr.

144

H A I M I p . a. p . : HAT.HTH.

1,4

H M I p . a . p . : HTH.

1,4

1,1 144 3aKJia aor. 3 tg. : 3aKJiaTH. B i c n p a n c T a aor. 3 du.: B i c n p a f r r H . Biweji'bCTa aor. 3du. : BiweJibTD. ' » B-b3flpaflOBacTacHaor. 3 du. : Bi3(a)pauoBaTHCH. y n y H H C T a a o r . 3 du.: 144 yjiyMBTB. yOoHtvb nom. pi.: yOoHua. r p b m b u H i i H n o m . pi. : rpbmbHHKi>. "* n y a a nom. pi. : J i y K i . •»• pa3npyniHTb p r . 3 sg. : paa(n)pyuiHTH. yOneny rjitOoBH H noBbpmeHy 144 141 dat. abt. (caus.). ceMy . . . J i e w a m y dat. abt. flBHmecfl aor. 3 sg. : HBarnyTHCH. ,4T 144 144 CBHTOK) gen. du. : CBHTI. oTiubJia ecTa p . periphr. ! du. n0M03*feTa i m p . I du. : 144 144 noMomH. B i c x o n H m i o crwiHuio dat. abs. (temp.). HecHxyTb imp/. 3 pi. : HecTB. 141 weHyTb pr. 3 pi. : n.HaTH. n o c u j i a x y T b imp/. 3 pi. : n o c u j i a T H . 1,1 3 sg. : a c n p o B p ' b u i B . roHeae aor. 3 sg. : roHbCTH.

» V l a d i m i r I , G r e a t P r i n c e of K i e v ( 9 7 9 - 1 0 1 5 ) . b R u s s i a w a s C h r i s t i a n i z e d in 998. ® A town on the river P r i p ' a t ' . d N o v g o r o d on t h e river V o l x o v near L a k e I l m e n ' .

144

acnpoBpbme

aor.

92

Hagiograpky

• Roitoy In northeastern Russia. t Murom, a town on the river C M . • The Petzlnaks (Pechenegs), a nomadic tribe of the steppes. >> Solomon as author of the Book of Proverbs. I Bib. Joseph and Benjamin. 1 A castle south of Kiev, on the river Dnieper, k The river L'to or Al'ta. I The Byzantine Life of St. Niketas, a martyr (d. 372). ™ The Life of St. Vdclao, or V'aieslav, Prince of Bohemia (928-36), who was killed by his brother Boleslav (Old Church Slavonic hagiography of the tenth century). » The Life of St. Barbara (d. ca. 306). 0 An affluent of the Dnieper. P Peredslava, or Preslava, sister of Sv'atopolk, Jaroslav, Boris, and Gleb: daughter of Vladimir I. 4 Vasillj (Baslllus), Christian name of Vladimir I. r Obviously a man of Tork origin (the Torks were a nomadic Turkish tribe of the steppes). » The town of Brest-Lltovsk. t Poland. n A legendary desert between the lands of the Czechs and those of the Poles.

NESTOR'S LECTION ON THE LIFE AND ASSASSINATION OF SS. BORIS AND GLEB THE MARTYRS While the anonymous Passion and Encomium is representative of Old Russian hagiography in its primitive stage of development, Nestor's Lection constitutes the first known attempt to write a true hagiographical legend in accordance with the set pattern of Byzantine hagiography. There is no doubt that Nestor was intimately acquainted with the Greek hagiographical writings about Eustachius Placidus and Demetrius of Saloniki and used them as models. Whereas the anonymous author of the Passion and Encomium was concerned mainly with the historical meaning of the assassination of the princes, Nestor tends to place emphasis on their martyrdom and on the broad background of the struggle between paganism and Christianity. In his narrative, Boris and Gleb assume the character of ideal heroes of Christianity, divested of secular human features, the pure Dioscuri of Russian religious mythology. The Lection was probably written in the eighties of the eleventh century, prior to Nestor's Life of Theodosius. The text is reprinted in excerpts from D. I. Abramovic, JKhthh cbhtux xyieHHKOB BopHca h TneCa h c n y x t f u hm (Petrograd, 1916).

HeCTOpOBO HT6HH6 0 BHTHH h o n o r y 6 j i e H H H 6naseHHyio cTpacroTepimy1 Bopaca h r j r t S a BjiantiKO rocnoflH, BceAepwHTenio, ctbophbhh* He6o h seujiio h bi>ch, Hwe Ha HeH, t u h HbiH*t> c t i ' BJia^biKo, npnapH Ha CMHpeHHe Moe h nojiaH w e paayMi cepnuw MoeMy, na cinoB-feMi 4 , onaHbHUH a a i , B&btn nocnymawn^iMi whthh h MyMeHHH CBHTy» ctpacTOTepnuy Bopnca h rjrfeCa.

Nettar'» Life and Attatiinalion

of SS. Boris and Gleb

93

Ho, o bjmauko, vfecH* rpyöocn. • aepaayxHe c e p m a noero, ho Hsurbncfl TBoeny MHnocepÄH» • mojihtbh paga CBflTy» MyieHBKy* Bopaca h IVrMa: ojuko «ramali. o n . xpacronioCeai, to Aa a c n o r t i n . ' . H i Aa nocjiyuiairre, Cparae, [ r ] He aaafcpirre rpyCocra noea . . . *

BucTb 60, pewe, KHfiab bi tuh roAU, bojioauh* Bceio 3eMJieio PycKo», HMeHeMb BaaAHMepi. Et me Mymb npaBABBi h mhjiocthbi kt. HHiiyiin. h kt. CHpoTain. h ko BAOBauawi, eJuiHHi me B-fepoio. Cewy 60n. cnoHy H-bKaxy HaBefle h CTBopa 6uth eMy xpHCTbaay, h ko me npeBJie rijiaKHAt4... HapeweHO Cuera hmh euy BacHJiHH. Tane noTOMi Bcfem. aanoBtaa* BeJibMomaMi cbohhi> h Bdbm JiioneMi., Aa ch KpbCTHTb bo hmh OTiia h cuHa h CBirraro nyxa. CnumHTe hioao, acnojiHb ÓJiaroflaTH : nano BKe 6o>khh. B t 6o, pene, CBHTOMy PoMaHy mojihuuoch y cbhtíh BJiaAUiHut Harneii GoropoAHUH h Mano eMy ycHyBuiio": h hbhch me eMy Mara 6owhh, HMymH w e bi p y « y en cbhtoki, lime noaacTb CBHTOMy. H hko b3htt>'° n — h ce HeHaBHAHH51 «oCpa abhbojii TeKi>", Bi>cxBaTH h. 11 naKbi MaTH 60>KHH B3HTJ. CBHTOKT» H n0«aCTb H CBHTOMy PoMaHy. OlIT. me, BOCTaBT, 0Tb CHa, BHflt ch noJiHi ayxa CBHTaro. TaKome h chh 6jiaweHT> P o M a m . Bhah 60 Bpan> « a H y » eMy CjiaroAaTb ott> Cora, MH.iocepAHe no bc&mi>, He Tepnn Toro Bpara, Birfe3e" bi SpaTa eMy CTaptiimaro, xoth rtm BocxBaTHTH whbott> ero OTb aeMJin. H k o ce no Majiy cnameMi.

CBHTOMy me RJI-feCoBH CTBopeHO hmhflaRbiAi• Bhahujh jih 6jiaro^aTb 6owhk> H3MJiaAa Ha a^thiiih? CTBopniiia 60, pene, hmh eMy JlaBUA'b'1: «ano HJ1H KblMT. 0Cpa30MT>? He HMime JIH: OHl 6-fe MHHH" BT> 6paTbH CBOeH, TaKO w e h c h h cBHTbiH. H k o w e 60 h caMi> npopoKi CBHfltTejibCTByeTb, rnarojiH: Mhuu 6n> n ópambu Moeu u ynibu" ot> doMy omya Moeio, h npowee; Tano w e h chh ^aBUAt mhhh 6-fc bi OpaTbH CBoeH h yH"feH b AOMy oTya CBoero. M naKbi: hko »te npopoKi flaBbifli hbhac npoTHBy HHonJieMeHbmiKOMi, h noryCw h ott.htt>" noiiouieHHe orb cijhobi> M:ipaiiJieBT>, Tano me h chh cbhtuh ítaBbifli H3HAe npoTHBy cynocTaTy AtHBOJiy 11 nory6ii h , h ott>h nonouieHHe ott> cuhobt. pycKbixi. Ht> ce yme Bi3BpaTHMCH Ha nepByio noB"fecTb.

BJiaroB-fepHbiH me KHH3b, bhah fijiameHaro Bopiica npecn-feoma nepcToio, SpaKi. ctbophth eMy. A (¡jiaweHbin me xyA"fc paname" o tomt>, ho 8 yMOJieHT» 6uB*b ott> 6onpi>, j¡.& He ocjiyiuaeTcn OTija, CTBopH bojiio otmio* . Ce me 6jiameHUH ctboph He noxoTH pa,in onja. Tate nocua 11 íiotomi OTeub h e Ha o6JiacTb BjiaAHMepi> , wwe eMy Aacn>, a cbhtoto TjrkCa y ceóe ocTaBii, egHHaie 60 6t yHi tíjiomi. B.nameHbiH me BopncT. MHoro noKa3a MHjiocepA«e bo o6jiacTH CBoeH, He Toibio me ki yCoriJMi, ni. 11 ki bchmi> JiiOAeMi, hko me bchmi> mioahthch MHJiocepAHio ero h kpotocth. Bt 60 CjiaweHbiH kpotoki 11 CMHpem».

bicxotí

Tawe me Toro He. TepnH B p a r i , ht>, hko me npeme p e K o x i , bhha^ bt> 6paTy ero, Hme 6hi CTaptH 3 ', hmh eMy CBHTOnojiKi. H a i a mucjihth Ha npaBeAHaro, xoTHiue 60 OKaiibHbiH bcio CTpaHy norySiiTH h B.iafl-feTH eflHHi.. TtMi me MbiuiJiHuie40, xoth OjiameHaro noryÓHTH, ni He nvcTii eMy Torsa 60n>, ht. erAa caMT> B o c x o r t . yB-fentrn, y60 to, SjiaroBtpHUH OTeub hxt>, 41 nocJiaBt, npHBeAe ki ce6e 6jiameHaro Bopnca, 6jhoawh , sa HÍnaKO npojineTb 42 KpoBb npaBeAHaro. Oht> me 6ojimh paarufeBacn Ha CjiameHaro, mhh OKanbHblH, HKO TO XOIUeTb nO CMepTH OTUa CBoero CT0J1T> npllHTH. 4 Cnue 60 6t npn O c H i f i f . Bt 60, pene, nioOfln ' OcHa Akobi h BeHb44 HMHHa, CncTa 60 yna rfejioMi. M cero paAH CpaTbH BejibMH rHtBaxycH Ha He», 6t 60, hko Och(J>t, xomeTb naAi» hhmh uapbCTBOBaTH, hko me h CwcTb. Tawo me h ciA"t ciOucTbCH. He tokmo me Ha 6.nameHaro Bopnca rii-feBauiecH45, ho h Ha 6nameHaro HitCa. BjiameHan me toio ne CB'kAacTa44, hi npeóbicTa bt> noyneHbH 6o>khhxt> cjioBeci, mhjioctuhio TBOpnma hiiuiiimt, h yóorbiMi h

cepAUe

BAODaMi, hko

He -

hmí>th y

hhmto •

me.

HÍKoeMb HaMa Cojiíth CjiaroBtpiibiH OTeub «Ma Eoíihiuio we eMy47, bt. CTpaHy ero npHAoma paTHim.

l i o BpeMeHH me ewme J'Mpe.

ceOe

6oJi"fe3Hbio, C^biuiaBi.

Néstor's

Life

and Assassination

of SS. Boris

95

and Gleb

w e KHH3b, Be M o r u " H3HTH n p o n r o y n n , nocna c u a a CBoero B o p i i c a , A a B U H " eMy MHWKECTBO BOH. B j i a w e H i n i me n a j n » ' * ÜOKJIOHHCH O I H » CBoeiiy H ofoioGuaa NECTH-FEH H03-fe" e r o , H naKU r b c r a B i , , OFIYHMI" BUD e r o , ir&noBame C I cJiesaMH. TH TSKO H3H«E c BOH Ha paTbHUH. H onneAmio me e n y 6 j i a w e H O M y " , OTeub e r o , 6jiaroB"fcpHUH KHaab Bjia^HMept b i

jrtTO

yupe

6523".

Tawe yB-FEA^B-b OKaHbHUH CUHI CBHTOIIO;IKI> H, a « u panywcH OTbu-fe cicepTH, B c t f l e HA KOHH H CKopo

flonae

M3BOJIH Boneio

cepAUa

nano,

weJiaHHe

KueBa

rpama H cfefle Ha crojrfe OTija CBoero.

CBoero.

OTfówaTH Ha nojiyHonuibifl c r p a H u , — —

Ha

ÓJiaweHaro

noryfiHTH. YB-FEFFTBT. w e ,

eJiHKHMT» oCpaaoMi

cynyo

BopHca

Munurame,

CBHTUH nirtCT,

Bocxorb

HHony TUMO C p a T y "

CBHTyio,

peKbiH»*: » H e na Kano H MH n o r y 6 i r r b . « . . . HFLE KT> p-feq-FE", HFLT/«E 6-FC K o p a 6 j i e u b

yroTOBaHi,

H Bjrfeai" BOHI",

TH

TaKO O T Ó i w e " OTB saKOHonpecTynHaro CpaTa. BjiaweHUH me EopHCb, HKO w e p K o x i , OTIDOJII

c i BOH Ha paTbHUH**

H He B^AHiue Toro Bcero. PaTbHiiH m e , HKO w e y c j i u w a u i a 6jiameuaro E o p n c a HAyma CT> BOH, Camaina: He a e p 3 H y j i d CTaTH 6jiaweHOMy. Tawe AouieAi, (¡JiaweHUH, yMHpHBi rpa^bi BCH, B*b3BpaTHCH BcnnTb. H a y mío w e e M y " , NOB^nama eMy OTi^a yMepuia, a CpaTa CTap-feHiuaro CBHTonojiKa cfcAiua Ha CTOJTfc OTbHH. BjiaweHUH w e , HKO cnuuia OTija y n e p u i a , B i a p i B i Ha He6o, noMOJMcn caite: »BjiaftUKO,

rocnoAH,

yroAHBinaH Te6%, 6 o r y

Hcyce

XpucTe,

IIOKOHBUH"

HCTHHbHy, TU H H U H Í

BCH

CBHTUH

OTqa",

n0K0H, rocnoAH, Ayuno

pa6a

CBoero, o m a Moero BacHJiHH co BCHMH npaBe«HBIMH: c i ABPAMOMI, H c a K O M i , HKOBOMI. HKO TU ecn IIOKOH [H] BOCKpeceHHe y n o B a i o m H x i CJiaBy BCujiaeMb B I

C n u u i a B i w e , HKO Cpan, eMy CTap'bHmHH Ha CTOJI L Bacfl,

Ha TH, H Te6e

BÍKI.« CÍAHTB

OTHH,

BltBp&AO"

PEKBIH:

>CHH MH CYAETB HKO OTEUB.» MfiHoie

we

nyTeMb

CBOHMB,

HKO OBUH HE3JI06HB0 . . .

BnaweHOMy w e H A y m » " KT> 6 p a r y CBoewy, HHKoero w e ana noMunuraioiipo BI> cepAbiíH

CBoeMb,

Hwe

6u

npHHTH o n

SpaTa

CBoero.

Hi> OKaHbHUH

TOKMO H MuuiJiHuie Ha HB a j i o , HT> H noryCHT-B" e r o n o c u j i a m e .

He

BnaweHUH

w e nyTeMb CBOHMI HAHiue, p a A y n c n , n w e 6 p a r b eMy C T a p i a Ha crojrfc

oni

c f e j i t . OKaHbHUH w e neiaJiOBamecH, cJimnaBi SpaTa rpHAyma K I c e 6 e , H T o r o paAH

norySHTi,

DT>3BTCTHUJA,

ero

nocujiaeTb.

M

ce

H^UHH,

npHinefliuie

KT> CjiaweHOMy,

HKO:

• B p a r b TBOH xomeTb TH noryfíHTH.« BjiaweHUH w e He H n . " B ^ p u , r j i a r o j i f l : • K a K o ce MOweTb 6uTb HCTHHA, e w e BU H rjiaroJieTe HUHH? MJIH BU He B ^ C T e " , HKO a 3 i MHHH ecMb, He npoTHBem ecMb CpaTy CBoeMy, CTap"feHiueMy cymio?« Tawe no ABOIO A b H H » npHiiieAUie B03B-fecTHiua eMy BCH GuBuian, H KaKO 6 p a r t ero OT6£we, CBHTUH RJRT6I. CH cnuina CjiaweHbiH, r j i a r o j i a c n u e : »BjiarocJiOBeHT> 6orb 1 H e OTBHAY, HH OTÓTWIO OTT, MTCTA cero, HH naKbi cynpoTHBjnocH 6paTy

CBoeMy, CTaptHiueMy

6YAETB.

CA"FE YMPETH,

YHE

MH e c T b

Tawe OTBtiuauia CYIUHH c i 6t

Heme

cymio;

BO HHOH

HO HKO 6 o r y

roA"fe, TaKO

CTPAHT.«

HHMI BOH, HWE 6-feiua XOAHJIH70 Ha paTHUH,

6o HXT. aKbi AO 8 TUCHIIU», BCH w e BO o p y w H H , —

rnarojiama

eMy:

96

Hagiograpky

tMu, o BJiajuJKO, npeAauu ecMi> öjiaruMt. oTuexb tbohmt. bt> pyivfe tboh: ha6mi>, hjih ct. to6ok>, iijim eflHHH, h TaKO Toro Hyme» HumeHeMi" hst. rpaaa, a xeöe me BiBeAeMT., hko « Te6e ÖJiaru OTeitb tboh.« Ch cJiuuiaBi, (¡JiameHUH, no hcthh^ MHJiocepAUH, neKMHCH" o hhxt., aKbi CpaTfaH cBoea, rjiarojia hmi: »Hh, 6paTHe moh, hh, othh", He Tawo nporH-feßaHTe rocno^a Moero öpaTa, e«a «aKO Ha bu KpaMOJiy BT>3ABHrHeTb; ht. yHe ecrb MHt OflHHOMy yMpeTH, HeweJiH TOjiHKy Aymt. Hh naKu cMtw üpothbhthch CTaptmuoMy ßpaTy, ena KaKO cyaa 6o>khh He yßiniio, ht. mojiio bu ch, ßpaTHH moh h othh, bu Hß-feTe bt. aomu cboh, asi me, mea-b, naay Ha Hory 6paTy CBoeMy: er^a KaKO yMHJio* cepAHTcn Ha mh; ame 60 mh yBH^HTb, He HMaTb v6hth MeHe. Mojiio we bu MHoro.« H irfcjioBa bch, th TaKO oTnycTH h, a caMX ct> otpoku npeöucTb Ha Mtcrfe tomt> AeHb tt>h, 6-fe 60 nocnajiT. ct. Mojiböow kt. CpaTy. Oh >«e, eMT." OTpona, yflepwa h, 6"fe 60 HeMHJiocepauH tt. nocnajn. Ha ÖJiaweHaro, na h noryÖHTb. Bha^bt» me ÖJiaHteHUH, hko He npHAe OTpoKi ero, BT,CTaBT> caMT>, h H«e kt, Öpary CBoeMy. H ce Hayner eMy'5 BiaßtcTHiua eMy naKjj, rjiarojiiome, hko: »riocjiajn. ecTb 6pan> tboh noryÖHTb TeGe, h ce ywe rpnflyme 6jih3t>.« EjiaweHUH we, Bisp^Bi. Ha Heßo, peie: »BjiaAUKO rocnoAH, Mcyce XpncTe, He ocTaBH MeHe norußHyTH, ho tu caMi. AepwaBbHyio pyKy tboio npocTpn" Ha mh rptuibHaro h xynaro, HaßaBH MH OTb HpOCTH HAymHXT> Ha MH, CIiaCH MH B MäCT> CHH, HKO TU eftHHT. eCH npHÖ-twHme neiajibHUMT., tu 60 ecn 6om> HCTHHbHUH, Te6e cjiaBa bt. b^hu. AMHHb.» Tawe noBejrfc nocTaBHTH waiepT. cboh, bt>^3t> BOHb", mojihch 6ory, ct. cjieaaMH npmia^an, AOHAewe He 6% chjiu b iieMb, h nanu naflT. Ha jio>kh CBOeMb, nnaKaCH ropno, mojih Sora. Houjh we cymH", noBejrfe «iyraMi npHHecTH CBtin», h BaeMb" KHHru, Haia mhcth. H ce ohh nocjiaHHH Siuia Hflyme, pHKaiome aKu SB-fcpHe ahbhh, norjioTHTH xoTHiqe npaBeflbHaro. CnuuiaBi xte ÖJiaweHUH, hko ywe npHGjiHWHUiaca Ha Hb'9, h noBe;rfc npoaBHTepy OTirfcTH sayTpbHbio h cBHToeyaHrejrae hhcth, 6t 60 AeHb HeA^JibHUH. H caMT. we Hana irfeTH, rjiaronH c«ue: »Tocnodu,

U HTM CH yMHOMeuwaea

MH, MHOau ejiaeoAiomb OKE, eocnodu,

o dymu

iacmynnuKb

Moeu:'

MOU ecu,t

cmyMcatou^u

MU?

M nrbcmb cnaceHim h npowee

MHOSU eocmatua EMY o 6o3n>

na eeoTu

ncaüMa.

HeiecTHBH» we, hko meAiue, He AepaHyma HanacTK Ha npaBeAbHaro: He nonycTH hmt. 6on., AOHAeme Kornea aayTpeHeio. Ta«o me no KOHH&BbH iffejioBa bch, Bianeme*1 Ha OApt CBoeMb, h OTBepaT." ycTa cboh kt. öeaaKOHbHHKOMT., pene: »Bn^3T>iiie, ßpaTHe, CKOHHairre bojiw nocjiaBiuaro bu.« H ohh we, aKu 3B-fepHe ahbhh, HanaAOiua Ha Hb, h BHH3ouia" BOHb cyjiHUH cboh. H ce eAHHi ott> npecTonuinxi. eMy c.iyrr. na^e Ha HeMb, ohh we h Toro npoHH30iua, h MbHtßT. we 6jra>KeHaro MepTBa cyma, HSHAOuia BOHT>. BjiaweHUH me bockohh, bi oTopont 6ubt. , hshac H3T. rnaTpa, h bisa^bi Ha He6o pyu-fe, MOJiHinecn, cni;e raaro^n: »Ejiaro,nap» th, BjiaAUKo rocnoAH, 6o» mh ecn HeAOCTOHHaro cioßbmHHKy 6uth eTpaeTH cuHa TBoero, rocnona Hainero Hcyca

Néstor's XpHcra.

Life

and Assaiiinaiion

q} SS.

Borit

and

97

Gleb

Ilocjia 6o enHHOqaaaro ciraa CBoero bt, MHpi>, eróme OesaKOHfcmui

npenama Ra cMepn»; h ce a s i nocjiam, 6 u x i o n o n j a CBoero, na cnacy mojiM on» cynpoTHBHioHxCH eny n o r a m ,

Ht>,

CBoero.

b He npejjaa w e Mene bt> h bt> pytrfe tboh n p e n a » h

•

ce

hmi

BJiaauKO, OTflaa w e

pyirfe BparoMi,

moh.«

nyxi

HUH-fe

yflSBeerb ecio> o r o p a f e

orna

MeHe w e hokoh cx cbhtmmh, hko tu ees Ban^nrreJU. moh, rocnonn,

rp-fexoBi,

Ce we cuy pennuo' 4 , e«HHi o n ryOirreJib, n p H r e m » " , ynapH b i cepjwe ero, rano 6jiaweHHH B o p a e i npeflacTb aymio

b

pyq-fe

6owhh,

irfecmia

24 nfiBh. MecrbHoe w e rfe.no ero BiaeMine", Hecoma b i r p a m , Buineropo;n> g ,

ewe

ecn>

on

KueBa,

rpana

CTOJibHaro,

15

hiojih ro

Haprntaeioai

cra&HH,

•

xy

nojiowHma r t n o CjiaweHaro Bopaca y qepKBH CBHToro BacHJiHH.

*

tomt. yB^A^BT. OKaHbBUH toh, hko Ha uoJiyHoiOHUH nocjia h TaMO, na h toto nory6»rrb. ,? HeMHJiocepAHe OKaHbHarol KaKO H e A0B0Jrfe etty o

c r p a n u Oim&m,

M o

ecrb CBHTbra r j i M i , O

e n H H a r o C p a T a , ht> •

noryCjieabH

h

Ha n p y r a r o nocujiaen», p e K U H " :

»CKop-fen ineffime, noryOirre h.«

Ohh w e , a6«e BicjrtflOBaBiiiie bt> KopaCjie^H" Copsu, m a m a no CBflrbiu> rjit6-b nbHH MHoru. M y w e hmi> npH6jiRW8üotuHMCH" k hhmi, h yap-hma, Hwe 6-ferna c i cbhthmi, HanpacHO «opaCn-fe*1 Hcxoanme Ha hh, [h] Bsnma opywHH CBOfl, XOTHma npOTHBHTHCH HMT>. Cbhtuh w e rjrfeOi. MOJiflme h , na He cynporaBfrrcH hmi> , rnarojiame 6o m : »Bpaine

moh,

noryCnn. MeHe,

ame

cu

He cynpoTHBHMi,

hmi

ht> BenyTb mh kt»

OpaTy MoeMy,

to

h ohi,

ame ame

HMyTi"

mh,

bhahtt. mh,

He ena

yMHJiocepnHTcn na m h , h He nory6HTb MeHe. A q e jih c h h m i cynpoTHBirre, Bacb HctKyTb,

h MeHe

Ht> mojí» bu, Cpanie moh. He

nory6HTb.

npoTHBvrecH

•

hmi,

h i m> Cp'fery npHCTynHTe, h a3i> b i CBoeMb KopaOnH Hny nocpeirfe p i r a i , h o h h n a npHnyn»

ko MH'fe. Tu bhahmi,

ame MHpa « o e r o pana npanoma.

A jih we hh,

to ame HMyTb m h , He nory6»rrb MeHe, ho, h k o w e np-fewe p n o x i , Benyn> m h kt» CpaTy MoeMy. O h % w e , ame BHnirrb m h , yMHJiocepnHTcn Ha m h h He noryCarb

MeHe. B u w e tokmo Mano OTCTynHTe ki Cp-fery, h He cynpoTHBHTecn hmi.« Ohh w e , nocjiymaBme CBHToro, Hnoma kt, ó p i r y , wajiHnje ch no CBHTORb h naCTO oanpaiomecH, xoTHme bhhhth, hh hxi , na HÍKano h tmxt, noryÓHTb h npojiHK>Tb KpoBb HenoBHHbHy. y H H o i e " 6o cbhtuh esHin. sa bch VMpeTH, h cero panH OTnycTH h, caMi w e c i otpoku bi KopaOjieqH nocpejffe p-bKU n n o B u " . OKaHbhhh

we

thh,

BHfliBine KopaÓJib enHHi

nocpefffc p ^ k u

nJiOByay. h

bt.

HeMb cyny., ycTpeMHinacH no HeMb, aKu SB^pne

h,

Hflyma Ha H b , B i a p Í B i Ha He6o, BonHHine, r j i a r o n « CHite: oCydu,

eocnodu,

u eoaópanu npuuMU

opyMcue

u eocmanu u cyuu

n

u

MU

co MHOIO,

ufumb,

nojuoufb

Murb,

opyncue

u aaepu PI^U"

oóudmmiMb

óopioufUMcn

npedt

dytuu

eoHjtUfUTb Moeu:

MU.

CBHTaro

ahbhh , Cbhtuh w e ,

BHXÍBT,

98

Hagiography 'Cnacenue da

meoe

UMyme da

dyiua

6ydu npoiee

nocpaMMUomca

Moea,

uaxmu

eocnsmb

SAO paóy

nymb

iu>',

u

toaepamxmcx

xonmufe

H

ecMb

nocmudxmc*

itx*

kjuomh", h

nocpoMumcn

meoeMy,

mbMa

—

u cbÓAaam

n c a j m a CBHTOMy p e K m y ' * ,

H M i u e " Kopa6;ib

to; u

.*

h ce HeMecTHBWi npnCjiHWHiiiacR

ki>

npHBJieKOiua

ce6e,

a

Hwe

h,

bi cbhtomi

6-fcwa

KopaCjiH, t o t h noJiowHina aecjia cfeffHiue, ctTviomecH h njiamouiecn no CBHTOMb.

E% we

sa

cbhtíimt. cfean cTaptHiuHHa

h

noBapoMi,

noBejrfcma

TOMy HenecTHBHH

SAKJIATH rjrfc6a CBHToro:

»Bo3i>mh Howb cboh,

sap-fewH

rocnoAHHa

na

CBoero,

sjioio

He

CMepTHio

yMpeuiH.« OKaHbHHH w e n o B a p i He nopeBHOBauie oHOMy, » m e 6-fc nam> Ha cBHTOMb cboh h htt,100

BopHcfc, ht. ynonoSHCH Hiorí npeflaTejiio h : HaBOJinT," hoikl CBHToro rjrfefia 3A lecTHyio r j i a B y , xoth h aanjiaTH. Cbhtwh me

rjrfcST.

aKbi a r a n

na

HesJutóHBo, BbCb 6o yMi HMHine ki

6ory,

h Bosp-fcBi

MOJiwawe,

He(5o, mojih-

uiecH CHite:

»rocnoAH mor,

Hcyce

Xpaere,

ycjibiuiH mh bt. Maci. h cnonofiH MH npHMaCTHHKy

6uth cbhtijxt. tbohxi .

Ce 6o, o BJiajibiKo, h k o ApeBjie bt. c h h aeHb 3 a x a p b f l i 3aKOJieHT>101 CucTb

tbohmt.,

npefli, TpeSHHKOMi

h

ce

HUHt

aai

H t . , rocnoAH, He

noMHHH

aaKnaHT. 101 6 u x i

npeffb

to6oio,

rocnoAH.

rocnoAH,

6e3aKOHHH

HT> CnaCH A y u i »

mohxi

nepBbixi,

MOK),

cbítt. npoTHBHuxi., ht» na npHHMyTb K> aHrenn tboh cb r p a f l a , ht. H3T> ofijiacTii Bcen: H36^>KaBUie me eMy bt. erpaHbi hiowh h TaMO whbott. cboh CKOHua 110 h [ A y w y ] p a s B e p m e 1 1 1 . BbiBaeTb 6o

noTpe6«

Nestor's Life and Assassination

of SS. Boris and Gleb

99

C M e p T b r p i m H H K y jiioTa: MHOSH 6 0 rJiar0JiKm>, B I p a r t 1 1 1 ero B i w f c B m e , c y m a TaKO, H K O w e

h y j i b H H H H 3 a K 0 H 0 n p e c T y n H a r 0 J...

1

ÖJiaweBHyio cTpacTOTepnuy gen. du. * c T B o p n m p . a. p., det. : C(i)TBOPMTW. • cu pr. a. p.: Out*. ' c m o r t M i pr. 1 tg. : cbnoB-fcn'tTB. • B * c « pr. 2 tg.: Btn^TM. • CBHTTD < MyieBBKy gen. du. ' • c n o B b H i pr. 1 tg.: BcnoBtjrtTH. • BOJIOJWB pr. a. p., del.: BOJIOCTB. 11 • a a n o B i n a aor. 3 tg. : aanoB-baaTB. >• B y n a m e i m p / . 3 tg. : BtaaTB. amejuuB dat. tg. f . H(c)meffi p . a. p. : HSHTH. PHOXOMI aor. 1 pi.: pemH. BCTSmt. r p n s y i u m dat. abt. ((emp.). " eaHHoMy cynpoTHBRuuocio dat. abt. (temp.). " T e i a x y i m p / . 3 pi.: Tema. " 6490 = A . D . 9 9 8 . " MB03B nont. pi. : M(l)HOrb. " 6 t C T i i m p / , (aor.) 3 du. : ObiTB. u •• jwb BBtajrt CBtTji-fe nom. du. " nycTH aor. 3 tg. : nycTHTH. CBfrry c e n acc. du. " BSBMame and the following formt i n the tame sentence : i r a m e , ö m n e , rjiaroJiame i m p / . 3 tg. •» noMBJioBABU p . a. p. : noHHjioBaTH. " eMy MOJiflmycn dat. abt. (temp.). " ckAH pr. a. p.: chniTH. " yTBepmacTacn i m p / . 3 du. : yTBepmaTBCH. jnoCjmme i m p / . 3 tg.: -IIOÖHTH. 11 " noHBBame i m p / . 3 tg.: n o i H B a n i . PoMany UOJIHIDIOCH . . . y c H y a m i o dat. ata. (temp.). " BSHTO aor. 3 tg.: B(i)3HTH. " BeHaBBjuiH pr. a. p., det.: BeHaBHjrfaTH. " TeKi p.a. p.: Teura. M « Bjitae aor. 3 tg. : B u i t a T H . MHHH adj. comp. " yirfcH comp. : j t h v o n u n — OTIH oor. 3 tg.: orbHTH. " p a i a m e i m p / . 3 tg.: paiBTB. »• OTIIO ace. tg. f.: OTbib adj. pott. : OTbnb. " CTap-tH comp. : e r a p i . •• Munuiflme i m p / . 3 tg. : MUCJIBTB. " OJHOKUH pr. a. p . , u det. : OJIIOCTH. " HHH pr. a. p . : M(b)H*bTH. JIIOCHB pr. a. p . , det. : JIIOCBTH. " Cnrra i m p / . 3 du. : 0UTB. " nrbBaniecfl aor. 3 pi. : rHtBaTBcn. " C B t n a c r a aor. 3 du. : c f i l B l n a T B . Oonmuio eiay dat. abs. (temp.). " Moru pr. a . p . : MOIB. " n a s u B p. a. p., det.: n a m . najn> p . a. p . : nacTH. " HecTBtH H o a t acc. du. : ibCTHan Hora. " oCyHH-b pr. a. p.: M oOyHTB. " OTniejmiK) . . . OjiameHOMy dat. abt. (temp.). 6 5 2 3 - A . D . 1015. " cynuo BHOMy OpaTy dat. abt. (caua.). ** peKUB pr. a. p., det. : peniH. " p'bQ'b d a t . tg. : p t K a . •• Bfl-tai p . a. p.: B(i>)Ji'h3TH. •• BOBT. = b i Hb prep. + acc. tg. m.: OBT>. •• o i M m e aor. 3 tg. : OT(i)C'bniyTH. " OTUIOJII 0 4 p. periphr. : onnoJi'b — o r b m b J i t p . a. p . + 6 4 i m p / , u u (aor.) 3 tg. *' paTbBuH seil, s t - n a . a s y u i i o eMy dat. abt. (temp.). noKOBBbm p. a. p., d e l . : IIOKOBTB. " OTua acc. pi. : OTbUb. •• SnaweHOMy Bflynuo dat. abt. (temp.). " noryC a n . «up. : noryÖHTH. •• h t t . aor. 3 tg. : HTB. •• BtCTe pr. 2 pi. : BtyrbTB. M m a xonBJii p . periphr. : M m a i m p / , (aor.) 3 pi. + XOAHJIH p . a . p . " BmseHeMi pr. 1 pi. : l a n H i T i . " neHbiHCH pr. a. p . , det. : neamcH. " OTIB — OTbUH n o m . pi. " e n p. a. p. : HTM. " Bnyiny eMy dat. ab», (temp.). " npocTps imp. ! tg.: npocTp-fcTB. " BOBb - n HI " HOUIB cyuiB dat. abt. {temp.). " Baeub p. a. p. : B(T.)arrni. •• Ha Hb prep. + acc. tg. : OBT,. w " B i a j i e m e aor. 3 tg. : BianeuiH. " OTBepai p. a. p. : OTBptCTH. BHBSoma aor. 3 pi. : B(t.)hh3TB. " eMy peKuiio dat. abt. (temp.). npHTem. p. a. p. : npirrewH. " irueHme p. a. p., nom. pi. : BT,3HTH. " flOBOjrb aor. 3 tg. : nOBUitTH. " peKUB pr. a. p., det.: peniH. " KopaÖJieHH = KopaßjibiiH acc. pi. : Kopaßjibiib. ** BMT. npaCjiflmajoiuBMCH dal. ab«, (temp.).

KopaÖJi-b acc. pi. : KopaCJib. •• BMyTb pr. 3 pi.: HTB. " y H n m e imp/. 3 tg. : yBHTH. nJioBU pr. a. p. : njiyTH. •• PUB imp. : pema. •• cBRTOMy p e m r y dal. abs. " BMiue p. a. p., nom. pi. : HTB. •• KIIIOHH inelr. pi. : HJiiOHb. " B3B0JIM> p. a. p. : BSBJI-FEMB. 1,1 HTT> aor. 3 tg. : HTM. aaKoneHi p. p. p. : aaKOJiOTB/aaKJiaTB. aattJiaB-B p. p. p.: aaiuiaTH. cpniueTt pr. 3 eg. : c(i)pteTH. TntOy peHniK) dat. abt. (temp.). eM-b p. a. p. • HTB. '*' BianBHaaiue imp/. 3 tg. : BiaflBHsaTfl. CBTSBIB pr. a. p., det. : c(i)B'6jrtTH. 1,1 HpaMO.Tfe 6 u B m e H dat. abt. (catu.). HarHaHy eMy cymio dat. abt. (cau».). CKOHna — 111 1,1 CKOHia aor. 3 tg. : c(i>)K0H(b)4aTH. paaBepme aor. 3 tg. : paaBptma. pai-6 — pairt loc. tg. : pa«a. M

« E u s t a c h i u s P l a c i d u s , a R o m a n general, w a s b a p t i z e d and died a m a r t y r in t h e reign of E m p e r o r H a d r i a n ( 1 1 7 - 3 8 ) . b C o n s t a n t i n e I t h e G r e a t , t h e drst Christian R o m a n - B y z a n t i n e E m p e r o r ( 3 0 6 - 3 7 ) and f o u n d e r of C o n s t a n t i n o p l e . c R o m a n u s Mclodus, a S y r i a n and a B y z a n t i n e h y m n o l o g i s t ( s i x t h c e n t u r y ) , d D a v i d , K i n g of Israel. « R e g i o n of V l a d i m i r in n o r t h e a s t R u s s i a , f J o s e p h , son of J a c o b , brother of B e n j a m i n . 8 A c a s t l e n o r t h of K i e v , h J u d a s Iscariot. i Zacharias, o n e of t h e 12 m i n o r p r o p h e t s . 1 Julian the Apostate, Roman emperor (361-63).

100

Hagiograpky

THE LIFE OF PRINCE ALEXANDER NEVSKIJ The Life was undoubtedly written soon after Prince Alexander Nevskij's death in 1263. The lack of rhetoric and lyricism indicates that the anonymous author contemplated a martial and secular biography rather than a religious legend. Together with the unfinished History of King Daniel of Galieia, which is contained in the Codex Hypatianus between the years 1200 and 1250, The Life of Prince Alexander Nevskij represents a new genre of historical biography.

The text here presented is taken from V . Mansikka, JKhthc AjieKcaaapa HeBCKoro. Paa6op penaKijiift h tckct in "ilaMHTHHKH npeBHeft nncbxeHROCTR n •CKycCTBa" (St. Petersburg), Vol. C L X X X .

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102

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The Life of Prince Alexander

103

Nevtkij

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104

Hagiography

cbneHHH, HKome Mopio Mepsmy*' ABHrHytHCH ; h Hefrfcbhrìth neny, nOKpujicn 6fline KpoBRio. Ce we CJiinnaxT. on> canoBHAua, — pene: »BHfftxoMT." nojiKi 6owhh na Boaaycfe", nprniieAUiH Ha n0M0iiv> AjiencaiiApy HpocjiaBHwio. H noötaH h" noMomtw 6owHeio, h Bigama paTHHH nJieioH cBon. Ohh wt> cfewaxyrb" h" tohhiuh a ko no nnepy ; He 6-fc hmt> Kaxo yfrfewaTH. me 6on> npocnaBH Be^HKaro khh3h AjiencaHApa flpocJiaBHMH npefli BC%MH noJiKH, hko Hcyca HaBrHHa« bo EpHXOHt. A h we peKi: 'ÜMaMi pyKaMa BeJiHuaro khhsh AjieKcaHapaflpocJiaBHMH*,cero Aaera eMy 6on> bt> pyifb ero.« H He oöptTecH hhkto wb, npoTHBHCH eMy bo 6paHH. M BoaBpaTHCH KHHSb AjieKcaHApt flpocjiaBHMb ei noßtau ci cjiaBon BejiHKOio. BucTb MHoro MHowecTBo no.ioHy bi> nojiKy ero. BeAHxy" nOAJrfe KOHHH, HWe HMeHyiOTCH pbideAU. Eraa npHHAe khhsb AjiencaHapiflpocjiaBHMbko rpaAy IlcKOBy, h cptTouia ero co KpecTu HryMeHU h nonoBe bi> pnaaxi» h Hapoat mhoit. ripesi rpaAOMi, noAaBannte XBaJiy ßoroBH, h nowme ntcHb h cJiaBy rocyAapio, BeJiHKOMy KHH8I0 AjieKcaHflpyflpocjiaBHiio: »nocoôHBbiH", rocnoAH, npoTKOMv flaBHAy noCtflHTH HHOnJrfeMeHHHKH h BtpHOMy KHH3IO HauieMy AneKcaHApy OpyWHeMl KpeCTHblMT» no6%AHTH HHOH3bIHHUXT> h cboGoahth rpafli. FIckobi pyKoio AjieKcaHflpoBOW I« [M pene KHHSb AAeKcaHApiflpocjiaBHMb:] »0 HeB-ferjiacH IljiecKOBHHH*0, ame cero aaöyAeTe h ao npaBHyian» Ajie«caHApoBhixT., ynoAOÖHTecH whaomt», Hwe nnrfcjiHCH bt> nycTUHH MaHHOio h KpacTenH*1 neweHUMH, h chxi Bcrfexi. aaßuuia h 6ora CBoero, HaBeauiaro [hxt>] h3t> paöoTw eraneTCKHH I« M Hanauia cjiuuiaTH hmh BejiHKaro khbsh AjieKcaHjipa flpocJiaBHMH no BcrfaMi» cTpaHaMi» h »o Mop« n ^ U I B C K A R O D D H ao ropi ApaBHTCKnxT>«e, 0 6 1 OHy CTpaHy [Mopn] BapH>KbCKaroff h ao PHMa. Bt. to BpeMH yMHOWHCH hshkt. JIhtobickh, h Hanauia nanocruTH bo oÔJiacTH AjieKcaHApoBbi, ìsah h36hb3th . Eahhoio w b cjiyiHCH eMy BbrfcxaTH, H nOÖH 7 nOJIKOBl. paTHblXl, H MHOWeCTBO KHH3eH H BOeBOAl H3ÔH. Obhh pyKaMa HBHMa, Apyrnxi we, ero pyraioiuHxcH, BHsaxy ko xboctomt. KOHb cbohxt». H Haïauia (Sohthch hmchh ero. *

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106

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• C&mcohh gen. tg. /. : CaMCOHb adj. pon. : CaMCOHi.

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The Life of Prince Alexander

Nevskij

107

npa> ace. tg. : n(b)pn. " c a m p . p . p., rum. p i . : c u m r c , c i r a H y . coiKAmnoi p. a. p.: cOHinaT»cH / c i w w w t m c h . " rtjuun p . periphr.: rtnn. " ttma npaQjummjiBCM p . periphr.: npaOnaiKBTacfi. " coBOKynmjiMcn 6 n x y p. periphr. : c i n K y n B n c H . " aocn p n m - n c D p u oar. 3 tg. : B i c n p a > r n . * m y m e p r . a. p. (ado.). " rpeOyntb pr. a . p . , acc. tg.: r p e n / r p e c n , rpeOy. " CTonma pr. a. p., acc. tg. : c t o h t b . " q e p u i e m a t p. p. p., loc. tg. •• i b p a a r a . *' ojrfcHB p. p . p., nom. pi. : o j r t T a . ** n o T m u c a p . a. p . : n o r t H m a n c « . " nocirfe dot. (0. : Aocita/AbCKa. " oOpamecH — oOpautbmecn p. a. p., nom. pi.: o O p a n r a c H . " ObHmecH imp/. 3 tg. : Outhch. " najie aor. 3 tg. : n a c r a , najty. *> n o a c i i e oar. 3 tg. : noACftuiH. ** n o j i u u - n u i g i nom. pi. : i t u i k v ** oOptTomacH aor. 3 pi. : o O p t c n c H . >• iiabine aor. 3 tg.: b s i b t b . " HaMerama aor. J pi. : HaneTara. >* KopaOJiH ace. pi. : KopafiJib. 11 u Ha ufl prep. + acc. pi. : OBI. " BSBepwe aor. 3 tg. : > 8 B p * i m . y p o K o i n . . . m e ce c d »

Alexander, Prince or Novgorod, Great P r i n c e of V l a d l m l r - S u z d a l ' (1252-63). Solomon as t h e a u t h o r of t h e Book of Prooerbt. Isaiah t b e p r o p h e t , J o s e p h , son of J a c o b . Vespasian, son of Nero, a n d R o m a n e m p e r o r (69-79). r T h e t o w e r Y o t a p a t a In Palestine. 8 T h e G e r m a n Order of t h e K n i g h t s of t h e H o l y Cross In Livonia. T h e G r a n d M a s t e r of t h i s order, A n d r e a s Welwen, Is mentioned In t h e t e x t . h T h e Queen of Sheba. > Birger J a r l , r e g e n t of Sweden (d. 1266) d u r i n g t h e reign of K i n g E r i k (d. 1250). k T h e N e v a River, flowing f r o m L a k e L a d o g a t o t h e Baltic Sea. 1 T h e Cathedral of St. Sophia in Novgorod. m Spiridon, Archbishop of Novgorod. c J a r o s l a v , Great Prince of Kiev and Vladimir-Suzdal' (123S-46), f a t h e r of A l e x a n d e r Nevskij. ° J u l y 15, 1240. P T h e F o u r t h E c u m e n i c a l Council in Chalcedon. 4 SS. Cyril a n d J u l l t t a , m a r t y r s (fourth c e n t u r y ) . * Vladimir I, t h e Christlanizer or Russia. ' I n g e r m a n l a n d , s o u t h or t h e river N e v a a n d t b e Gulf of F i n l a n d , t A p p a r e n t l y a c o r r u p t e d f o r m or t h e F i n n i s h f a m i l y n a m e Pelkonen, gen. Pelhoten (or Pelkoinen, gen. Pelkoiten). u Hezeklah, K i n g of J u d e a . v Sennacherib, K i n g or Assyria. * T h e I i e r a , affluent of t h e Neva River. x Pskov w a s t a k e n by t h e Order of t h e K n i g h t s In 1241. y Pskov w a s liberated in 1242. ' L a k e Peipus (Russian £udsfcoje Ozero), b e t w e e n E s t o n i a a n d Russia. " Tbe Amalekite9. bb Jaroslav avenged tbe m u r d e r or his b r o t h e r s Boris and Gleb. cc J o s h u a , son of N u n . dd T b e n a m e or t h e sea is unidentifiable. ee Arabian. if Baltic Sea. 8K B a t u , K h a n or t h e Golden Horde. hh J a r o s l a v died in 1246. " T h e capital or t h e principality or V l a d i m i r - S u z d a l ' .

108

Hagiography

Ji Mohabit, here referring to the Finnish neighbors of the principality of VladlmtrSuzdal*. kk Cyril (d. 1262), Bishop of Rostov (1231-61). U NevruJ (in other sources Nevr'un), a Tatar general. "»m Pope Alexander IV (1254-61), or Pope Urban IV (1261-64). on Constantine I. oo From the First Ecumenical Council in Nicaea (385) to tbe Seventh Ecumenical Council in Nicaea (783-87). PP The Khan of the Golden Horde. 44 In 1263 the Russians under Princes Jaroslav and Dimitrij failed to retake from the Order of the Knights the city of Jurjev (Tartu, founded In 1030 in Estonia by Jaroslav I, whose Christian name was Jurij = Georgius). " Metropolitan Cyril of Kiev (1238-80), who frequently lived in Vladimir, the capital of Alexander NevskiJ's principality. Bogol'ubovo, the private estate of the princes of Vladimir-Suzdal*. tt St. Amphiiotheus, a bishop and martyr.

R H E T O R I C A N D LYRICISM Old Russian literature in its earliest period developed a characteristic lyrical style which was applied mainly to religious themes and to forms of religious self-expression. The source of this lyrical style is undoubtedly to be found in classical Byzantine rhetoric. The literature soon fell under the influence of Russian folk poetry, proverbs, lamentations, etc. Religious lyricism in Old Russian literature, however, never transgressed the borders of scholastic symbolism and allegorical interpretation of life and nature. Only when employd for secular purposes did it approach poetry. The different forms of Old Russian rhetoric and lyricism are here represented by the following texts: The Sermon on Law and Grace by Metropolitan Hilarion Two sermons by Cyril of Turov Three prayers by Cyril of Turov The Canon of Supplication by Cyril of Turov The Sermon on the Merciless Heathens by Serapion of Vladimir The Lament of Daniel the Exile.

METROPOLITAN H I L A R I O N ' S S E R M O N ON LAW A N D GRACE The theme of this sermon is the antithesis between Judaism and Christianity, represented, respectively, by Hagar, the bondwoman, and her thrallborn son, Ishmael; and by Sarah, the free wife of Abraham, and her freeborn son, Isaac. Hilarion attributes the victory of Christianity in Russia to Prince Vladimir, the grandson of old Prince Igor and son of Prince Sv'atoslav. The sermon was first delivered in the presence of Prince Vladimir's son, Prince Jaroslav of Kiev (1015-54), whose Christian name was George, his wife Princess Irina, and other members of the family. At the time, the author was still presbyter of Prince Jaroslav's private church at Berestovo, but he was later (1051) appointed Metropolitan of Kiev. The sermon tends to glorify Prince Vladimir, whom the Byzantine hierarchy did not officially accept as a saint of the Russian Church. The text is reprinted in excerpts from A.V. Gorskij, IlaMHTHHKH «yxoBHOfl jiHTeparypu BpeMeH BeJiHKoro K H H S H flpocnaBa I (Moscow, 1844).

110

Rhetoric

and

Lyricism

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111

Metropolitan Hilarión'» Sermon on Law and Grace CKaro pona

h chkab cj>

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112

Rhetoric and HHte CT>

BCHKOiO

Lyricism

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Metropolitan

Hilarion's

113

Sermon on Lato and Grace u

3 tg. Hapema. ** caece am. 3 tg. : caecTB. cymy dat. tg. : c u pr. a. p. : Oura. " CTapy cymy Aapaaxy dat. ab», (temp.). " cbAflmy e*y dat. ab*, (temp.). *• Kyma gen. sg. : xyma. 11 " Teie am. 3 tg. : Tema. " n p a i m am. 3 tg. : npaflTa. FbKy . . . npaOjiamaomycfl dal.

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pr. a. p., gen.lacc. tg. : pymHTB.

" Kaanina pr. a. p. : KasBTB.

" ctcynu inttr. pi. : CBCYM>

" n w e nom. tg. : awe. " oöpnmeTCH pr. 3 pi. : oßptcTH. " BcecjiaBHiH, CKoptH . . . , M CBHT-ba Ooroponaoa dat. tg. " R"6cn - Be eca. " BatKAb imp. 2 tg. : BBjrbTa. H3Beae aor. 3 tg. : aaBecTa. • The plains of Mamre. b The river Jordan. e Ephesus, ancient city in Asia Minor, and Patmos, Island of the Dodecanese. d Vladimir, son of Sv'atoslav and grandson of Igor. • Jaroslav's Christian name ( = JuriJ). f Direct address to the deceased Vladimir. g Irina ( = Ingegerd), daughter of Olaf Skautkonung (d. 1020), King of Sweden.

C Y R I L OF T U R O V ' S

SERMONS

Cyril of Turov (ca. 1130-82), an outstanding Old Russian homilist, composed a series of eight solemn homilies on the occasion of diverse Church holidays. Of these, two are here reprinted: Easter Eve Sermon and Sermon on the First Sunday after Easter. 1 EASTER

EVE

SERMON

This sermon is built around three motifs: the Virgin Mary's lamentation at the foot of the Cross; Joseph of Arimathea's request to Pontius Pilate for the body of Jesus Christ; and Joseph's lamentation over the body. The text is taken from "IlaMHTHHKH npeBHefl nHCbMeHHOCTH it wcKyccTBa" (St. Petersburg, 1893), Vol. XCVII.

CJIOBO KepHJiJia TypoBCKoro BO CBATyio BeJiHKyio c y ô o T y Bi>3Jiio6eHHH ! KTO B 0 3 r J i a r 0 J i e n > CHJIIJ H M i o j e c a r o c n o A H H , HJIH KTO CTpacTM

MomeTb

HAB-FEMATH

ero?

Coj»me 6 o , BHAH rocnoay 6 o r y aocawaeMy 1 , CBÌTT. CBOH noMpaiH, a jiyHa CT> SB^feaflaMH He C H H u i e * BO BpeMH CTPACTH c n a c o B b i ' . HÖCHST. m e , CTpauiHan BHFLFL BT» TBapH M l O j e C a , C t p a x a HCnOJIHHCfl H J H B J l f l U i e C H .

114

Rhetoric and Lyricism H npiHAe o n

ApHMaHH» BO H e p y c a j i H M i H o C p t T e 1 r f e j i o H n c y c o B o , Ha

Kpecrfe Haro • np0AeH0' B H c n m e , M a p m o MaTepb e r o , c o CAHHUIII yMeHHKom> Ty

npeflCTOflny, H « m e ,

o n

6ojrfcaHH c e p a u a

ropbKo

piiAaiome,

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rojiatne': •TBAPB c o 6 o j i t 3 H y e n MH, c u H y 1 , TBOe BHAfliue 6 e a i

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Y B b i H H t , qaAO Moe, cB-feTe, T B o p n e '

TBapeMi'l

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1 1

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K a K O TH TEPHHEMI B t H M a u i a 1 ' K weJiMH oueTOMi.

iianoHtna15,

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naMemie

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BHA^HHH, HH « o 6 p o T b i ,

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6UXT.'4

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TOCOIO;

paAOCTb 60 MH% OTceJie HHKaKOWb He npHKOCHeTCH; CB-fen. 60 MOH H HANEWA H WHBOTT., CUHT. H 6on> iia npeB-fe

rAt

yrace11.

MH naAO, HH YMPETH;

Moen 60 paAOCTH H BeceJiHH, c u u a H 6 o r a , JiHweHa 6UXT>.

Cyril of Turov's VBU

115

Sermona

MSRB, CMHY I

o crpatHirtMT. TH powbCTB-fe Ta«o He foirbxi, HKOMti RUirfe yTpoCoio pacrepaaiocH, TBoe BHjmme Tfejio nparBOHmeHHO" KO «peBy TBoeny. ripecjiaBHO 60 powbCTBO, Hiicyce, a

HTIH-fe c T p a u i H o e T B o e

YNEPIUBENNE!

O n . HeHacHHHHtiflfi yTpoôu eAMHi npoHfle", U-fejuj nenaTH Moero a^BbCTBa coCjuofle", Marepb MH CBoero BonjiouteHHH nonaaa, a

XÍBOK) MH c o x p a H H .

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aeMJie»,

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HAMATU-FC40 OCHOBANI

ecu,

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116

Rhetoric

and

Lyricism

c o Kpecra rfcjio ysHTeJiH TBoero H Moero cbiHa H 6 o r a l íloflBHrHHCH, npHiacTHHie XpHCTOBy y q e H H i o " , anocTone H o6imHHHe uapbCTBHH, — HcnpocH rfejio óeaflyiiiHO, npHrBOxcieHHoe ko a p e B y , npo6oaeHHoe bt. p e 6 p a ! ilorimHcn c y r y 6 a r o paAH rtuua, Hme npHHMeoiH: iecTb h iiokjiohchhc , a Ha He6ecn >KH8Hb B'fclHyiol« Ymhjihbi me ch Moch4>i> njiaieBHUMH r j i a r o j i u , h He yOoncn (JapaceHCKaro CTpaxa h He n o m a j H mHBOTa CBoero, a a X p n c T a n p H o 6 p H m e r b " : — jepaHOBeHHO BiHH/ie kt> IlHJiaTy« h p e i e eMy rnaro;iH: »IlHJiaTe, g a u w i mh rfejio CTpaHHaro 0H0r0 H u c y c a , pacnHTaro Memy flB^MH pasSoHHHKOMa, oKJieBeTaHHaro o n , a p x n e p e u 3aBHCTHio h nopyraHHa o r b bohhi. 6ec npaBAbi I

»flaa »n> mh Tfejio HHcycoBo, ero mi khhwhhiiu h (J>aPHCeH n a p e M i HMHHOBaxy"! »flaw >m> mh rfejio, o HeMme pene KaHHaf, h k o TOMy eAHHOMy 3a Becb MHp*b yMpeTH I »flan Hn> mh rfejio c e r o pacnHTaro, eMyme B o c x o A H i u y " bt> HepycaJiHMi., erome ct> B-feTbMH" cp-feTaxy" MJiafleHUbi, r j i a r o j i w m e : 'OcaHHa, cbiHy flaBHnoBi.,' e r o w b rnac-i. y c j i u u i a a f l i h OTnycTH a y u i y JIaaapeBy 8, HemepOAHeBHa cyma"! » f l a n m i mh rfejio c e r o MepTBaro, eróme MaTH He no3Ha MymeCKa Jioma, — iffeBoio nopoAH I »flaw mi> mh rfejio c e r o yMepiuaro, o HeMime OTeui nocjiyuiecTBOBame' 1 , bt. HepAaH'fch K p e c m m y c H e M y " , h n i a r o j i a " r j i a c i : 'Cen ecTb cuhi moh B03JH06JieHHUH, o HeMime S j i a r o B O J i H x i . ' h o HeMime A y x i cbhthh H c a n e M i 1 r ; i a r o j i a : 'Hko O B i j a Ha aano-neHHe BeneHi 6 u c r b o r b 6e3aKOHHuxi ntoneti, h npe«aHT> SbiCTb Ha CMepTbl'« » f l a n m i mh, ÜHJiaTe, rfejio HHcycoBo chhth co ApeBa: y m e 6o BaMi He n o n b s a bt. MepTBOMT. rfejrfe, y m e 6o Ha HaMi> bch HCnojiHHiiiacH npopoieCTBHH! Ce 6o Hauie 6ojtí3hh noHece aaKOHHU h n o c T p a s a ; paHOio 6o ero bch HCirfejrfexOMl".«

Ymojihbi me MochíJit. n HJiaTa, h Aaerb rfejio MocH^y Ha norpe6eHne, hko 5 me xomeTb. H KynH nJiamaHHtiy h chhtt> * HochiJít. rfejio HHcycoBo co KpecTa c i Hhkoahmomi: h o S i B H C T a " rfejio Hcyc0B0 bt> nJiaiuaHHuy, noMaaaBUie ero MHpOMl. H BonHfliue rjiarojin c n u e HocHT>, co cjiesaMH miasacH rjiarojiauie: »CoJiHue He3axoAHMoe, TBOpie BCfcMT> TBapeMi>, rocnoAHI K a n o npeCBHrfeMt" npHKOCHyca Tfcjiy TBoeMy, HenpHKocHOBeHy c y m y HeGecHbiMi c n n a M i ?

KaKOK) JIH njiamaHHueio O6ibhk> th,

noBHBaioiuaro HeSo o S j i a n u , hjih Koe Miipo B03J1HW Ha CBHToe TBoe rt jio , Hme T e 6 t « a p u co GjiaroBOJieHHeMi n p H H e c o i n a " napbCTHH" u a p n e h h k o 6 o r y noKJioHHUiacn, npnoGpaayioiue TBoe aa Becb MHpt yMeprtBeHHe.

117

Cyril of Turov's Sermons Khh* 1 rpofiHMH Bocnoio rrkcHH Hcxoay TBoeMy, BJiaflUKO,

bi bmoihhxi

eMywb

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h

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118

Rhetoric and

Lyricism

[IOMUIIMIHIO 60, HKO KT> TOMy r j i a c a T B o e r o He y c j i h i w y , uh

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anocTOJibOMHHA*A

Rhetoric and Lyricism

120

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.

1 1 noaacTb aor. 3 sg. : bch B'bpyioinan acc. pi. ' npopoKU instr. pi. governed by c i . noaaTH. « paeTaBCH aor. 3 sg. : pacraHTHcn. • Domhmi. ad), pass. : 0>oMa. • pamaeTb pr. 3 iff. : pawaTH. ' DOMhicJiH nom. pi. : noMhicJit.. • npeTBopiuecn p. a. p., nom. pi. : npeTBOpHTHCH. • npBHMma p. a. p., nom. eg. /. : npoHTn. Cojiruih pr. a. p., nom. eg. /. : Goji'Sth. " nepyme pr. a. p., nom. pi. m. : npam. " arm.ua acc. pi. : arHbub. " yHbita acc. pi. : 14 KyMBpocJiyxiBTeJin acc. pi. : KyMHpocjiywHTeJib. 11 moaecu instr. pi. : MKino. yebUb. eMimecH p. a. p., nom. pi. : hthch. " ctcyTL pr. 3 pi. : ctcaTH. (51;xomt. imp/. 1 pi. : Cum. KOpcHe gen. eg. : KopeHb. " Hoc^eRt ndj. pose. : HocSh. " nTHua nom. pi. :

nTHua.

"

oCp'feTe oor. 3 sg. : o6p*fecTH.

"

oJTTapH acc. pi. : o.iTapb.

"

r . i a c u tnslr. pi. :

rnaci.. »

T h o m a s , t h e a p o s t l e w h o d o u b t e d until he s a w p r o o f of Christ's

b

A l l u s i o n t o H o s e a , o n e of t h e s m a l l

prophets.

resurrection.

Cyril of Turov's

121

Prayers

CYRIL OF TUROV'S PRAYERS Cyril of Turov was the author of some twenty-two prayers composed for those who were not content with their own ability to form pious and lofty supplications to God. The author drew his variety of themes not from different religious feelings—since each of his prayers expresses the idea of humility and supplication—but rather from a mechanical application of the prayers to the different hours of the day and the different days of the week. The three prayers here presented are highly representative of his style: Prayer after Sunday Matins Prayer after Monday Matins (entitled Prayer to the Angels for the Soul) Prayer after Thursday Matins. The texts are taken from Makarij, Archbishop of Xar'kov, HcropHfl uepKBH (2d ed.; St. Petersburg, 1868), Vol. III.

pyccKOfl

1 PRAYER AFTER S U N D A Y

MATINS

Addressed to Jesus Christ, this prayer consists of the supplicant's confession of sinfulness. MoxHTBa KapHJiJia TypoBCKaro B"L H e l i u m n o s a y r p e m i

CjiaBa Te6-fe, XpHCTe Some moh, hko CT>noAo6Hjn> mh eca 1 bha^th Aem. npecJiaBHaro BocupeceHHH TBoero, bt> oh we 1 CBo6oflHJiT> ecn cymaa' bo a n t CBnaaHHan npaBeaHuxi ay ma*. Toh CBoOoati, BJiaflbiKO, h aai> mejiaio, aa paap-fcujHiiiH mh, cBH3amiaro MHorHMH rp-fexH5, h aa B03CHHeTT> CB-fen, fijiaroflaTH TBoen bo OMpaweHtH ayuiH Moen. B-feirfe* 60 6e3HHCJleHHbIH TBOH menpOTU h HeH3pe 6bITHe COTBOpHJlt Mfl eCH h CBOero oSpasa noAo6neMT. ynpaca 7 mh, cJiOBeceMi' h pa3yM0Mi> npeBume CKOTa Boauece* mh h TBapii Been BJiaAUKy yerpoHjrb mh ecn, CB-tAbiH10 BpeMeHa h jrfera WHBOTa Moero, OTb IOHOCTH HflOHUH'fcneKHHCH11 MHOK), «afibi cnacem 6bun>; h, npeKpacnaro JiHKa tbohxi aHrejrb

cirjiaroJibHHKa xoth hm-^th, aanoB'bAb npeaajii mh ecH,

HyXOBHOefl-fejIOBl>

noBejrfcjii mh ecH.

HHCTOTfc COBepiUHTH

Rhetoric and Lyricism ASI me, OKaHHHHH, aaHHTT. 6HBT> y n o m > jin6jieHHeMi>

KT> CBoeny

xoTtHHio

DJIOTHUMI, ce6e BT> C M p a n H y » THHy

BiBeproxi.1*

rpixoBHy»

H S A J I E I E CH C O T B O P H X I OTT> TBOEN ÖJIAROAATH; TBOH C U H I H

nopowAeHHeMt

6UBI

p a 6 i HBHXCH

nyirfejiH

ayxoBHUH,

rptxy.

T o r o paAH CTOHIO HST> r j i y ö H H U

cepnewHUH

H c j r f e m y MHCJia c o r p t u i M X T . 1 7 , HO He B03A"fcxT." p y « y

Moe»

HI

Cory

lywaeMy,

HH OTHaflXCH OTHIOAB, nOMbiniJiHH o ß p a a i TBoero e w e HMauiH Ha H o o XtaBHAt

noMbiuiJiH»:

H , no U A P C R F C M I " BI

MenoBtKOJiioÖHH,

rptuiHHa'fex'b". WHTHH

poBT. JIIOßOA'FCHHHH

BNAAE",

H yÖHHCTBO COTBOpHBb,

aai>:

Cyril

of Turov's

123

Prayer*

H NOKAHBCN KT. Tefrfc, 60 r y a

TBopoy,

AOCTORH1. ÖMCTb TBOeH CjiarOCTH. H s a A x a B a » ca»n> CJIOBO KT> n p o p o K y r b n t a e m s , r j i a r o j i n : He

UMOMb comeopumu

HKO eudibxb

eeo, koko

npeoteepenenHaeo enmyn

xodurm

Ma,

o ctouxh

epneibib".

E H , BJiaaiJKo MOR, H ente n p i u i o m y , l u i a i a c H n p e A * TO6OK> BeJiHKHxi m Heyno6b i r b J i H i u i x i MOHxi c r p y n o B i . KaKO M a ü a c c H H b n o HAOJiocJiyweHHH npOpOKH TBOH H3ÖH H T A , C o r a OTEUB CBORXI, n p o n r t B a B i , , n p e a a H t 6uwb

—

BT> KaaHb HHonJiexeHHHKy,

e r o w e BT> c o c y f f f e irfeAHH-fc a a K J i i o n i i e " HKO CKOTä TpaBOK) IIHTaxy, B H f f b B i m e CBoe coKpymeHHe H paaynrfeBi coTBopeHHun on> Hero B030IIH H3T, c p e w

rptxa,

ysi> KT, Tefrfe, 6 o r y H T B o p o y ,

H M p e a i Hameway HSHTT. CBICTB o r r y a y npecjiaBHO : TaKO m e H a s i

BCH a j i a n " BI> WHBOTÍ Moem> COA^HXT»

H HeAOCTOHHa ce6e c o T B o p H x i TBoen MHJIOCTH.

H KAKO Ha BiicoTy KT> r e 6 e Boapio CKBepHUHa

oiRxa,

KaKO HBJIIOCH JIHUy TBOeMy, p a a a p a B i n e p B y i o SoroTKaHHyio H ocKBepHHB*b njioTH Moen

osemny

paay?

H o 0T4HCTR** MH HKO CIiaCT» I IIpOCTH OTb B c f c x i HKO 6 o n > I n p H 8 p H Ha CMRpeHHe

MOe

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[u] [u]

oóput^eme-, dacmicx

eoMb I

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npasenHuxi,

HO rp-FCUIHHKH HA NOKAHHHE, o r b HHXT>H«eHHtiH,

04HCTH CKBepHy ayHlH MOeH,

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[md]

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MR ,

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4

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ecH C o n .

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uapn,

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npBCHO

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«yuie44, Bi>KH

B^KOMl.

AMHHb. e c a pr. 2 tg. : 6 u t h . * (bt>) o i i s e ace. sg. : a w e . ' cyutan acc. pi. f . : c u pr. a. p. : 4 n y m a acc. pi. : nyrna. * rp-hxH instr. pi. : rp"fexT>. • b ^ a ^ pr. J tg. : B-tjrtTH. ' yKpacH aor. 2 tg. : yxpacHTH. ' cnoBeceMi instr. tg. : c j i o b o . ' Bosaece aor. 2 tg. : Boa11 neKHHcn pr. a. p., det.: HecTH/BT,8HecTH. >• CB-finuH pr. a. p., del. : c(i)B-bfl-feTB. nemicn. 11 k b b : h u b pron. interrog. " B i B e p r o x i aor. 1 tg. : BtBepeiB/BiBP'fciiui. m. " ffScrb - He 11 eCTb. n p a r s o a n B aor. 2 tg. : nparBoaAHTB. " CTpaefe loc. tg. : CTpaxt. " O u x i aor. J tg. : 11 n p o r ( i ) H a x i aor. 1 tg. npon>HaTH. Outb. " B ( i ) n a a o x i aor. 1 tg. : BinaeTH. Jtyma 11 npHRxt aor. 1 tg.: M seMiiH gen. tg. : n y m a . opbhth. " ocraBB imp. 2 tg. : ocTaBBTH. gen. tg.: aennn. " c o a n a B U B p. a . p., del. : (na(b)flaTH » nasuH p. a . p., del.: j u t b . " npaspH imp. 2 tg. : npB3(b)p'bTH. " corp-fcamxi aor. I tg. : corptmHTH/CT.rp'bnijmi. 1

Ohth.

** B o a j r S n . aor. I tg. : BoajrbTH/BiajrfcTfl. •• rptrnHHtrtxi. loc. pi. : rptmiblHHKT.. " qapc r t M i . loc. tg. : uap(b)CKi. " enajie aor. i tg. : B(i)nacTH. rp-ic-fcxi loc. pi. : rp'ftxt. " aaiuiioime p. a. p., nom. pi. m. : aaKJiioHHTB. ** bch sjian acc. pi. n. " o t i b c t h imp. 2 tg. : otwbctbtb. •• ecMb pr. 1 tg. : C u t h . " M H t HOJiiaiuy dot. abt. (concc&&.). " CB"bcH pr. 2 tg. : " mHTe-iH c(i)Bliff6TH. •• h acc. pi. •• oho. " OTMacMH p. p. p., nom. pi. m. : OT(i.)>iaHTB. acc. pi. : mHTejib. " HcnoB^flRTT. pr. 3 pi. : acnoB-tatTH. " OoropoflBna gen. s g . : Ooropoaima. 44 flteMi pr. 1 pi. : ninra. " nyme uoc. tg. : n y x i . • A h a b , K i n g of J u d a h . b Manaseeh, K i n g of J u d a h .

Cyril of Turov's

125

Prayers

2 PRAYER AFTER MONDAY MATINS, ENTITLED PRAYER TO THE ANGELS FOR THE SOUL T h i s P r a y e r receives its n a m e f r o m t h e f a c t t h a t t h e i n v o c a t i o n to

Jesus

C h r i s t is p r e c e d e d b y a n address to t h e a r c h a n g e l s M i c h a e l a n d G a b r i e l a n d t h e angels U r i e l a n d

Raphael.

Mojnrraa KapHJUia B t

TypoBCKoro

nOHCA'fejII.HHKT. D O

so aHrejioirb o nynm1 K i HBIH

H

3SyTp6HH rnaroaeMa*

B a M i HKO a a c T y n H H K O M i * H x p a u H T e n e M i 4 >KHBOTa Hainero aai>t OKanHMHororp-FEIIIHUH,

npHnamaio,

MOJiHtuecn

H

npocnme

Bamen

MHJIOCTHI

B H A U H * 6OMHH BeJiHHecTBa, CBHTHH aHreJin, npecToni> iecTHi>iH C T p a n m o

ocTynaiome'

H HeHapeieHHOM) CB^TJIOCTHIO C o w e c r B e H H U H cjiaBbi o6jiHCTaeMH 7 , MOJIHTE MH on» BCHKaro a n a ,

HaxoAHmaro

M i f x a m i e , CBHTUR H BENHKHH

apxanrene,

H a MH.

nepBbiH noKJiOHHHMe* CBHTUH T p o m j u , HaBOflHH* c r t r b H

Ha BceneHHy» I

MH-fe no«a>Kflb 10 AHeBHoe

npeHTH CoroyroftHO,

npeCmaHHe

HeHCKycHy o n

O x B e p a H 1 1 c j i y x i yuiHio

amm, I

Hoe»1*

c j i u u i a T H 6OHCHH c n o B e c a , C j i a r a n ,

nojieaHan,

H «a n p o a p w BHyTpeHHHMa owHMa, H eme TBSRFE rptxoBH-FCH o6aep>«aI^H 1 , BI> HeH» HeCece cowHteTb HJIH npe»cnoAHHH n p o n a c T b M H B A 1 ' n o w p e n .

MH, MH.

Rhetoric and Lyricism CB^SUH" w e nojiroTeprrfeHHe H nyHHHy MejiorfeiKHK>,

MH"FE ,

Kano He H M a M i TBepna 0CH0BaHHH noKanHHio! M KTO naCTT. OMHMa M O H M a " HCTOHHHKL CJie3T>, AA CH njianio KT> MENPOMY 6ory, na nocjien" CBOIO MHJioctb H HCToprHen." MH H3T> Mopn mirreHCKaro, BOJiHyiomaro BOjmaMH rp-fcxoBHbiMH, BT> H e M i m e n o r p y w a e M i " He npneMAio o6naaHHH HCU'fejrfeHHlO CKOpUMl. noKanHHeMi?

Cyril of Turov't

127

Prayer*

CrtjptH 60 y au n o n , • He xomy HapinnrracH o n HHXI. CBHTUH PaiJiaHJie ! ÍIOABHRHH j i e r a o H a CBHTUXT. a H r e J i i , » a MOJIHTT. BJiawbiKy

XpMCTa

aa y6oryw H CMupeHHyw MOW a y m y , KaiomycH o npewecoBTopeHHUxi MH, UENOA06HUXI> MH H^JIT. . BT»N> 60 c B o e

ecrecTBO,

TJRFEHHO cyme H CKopo nornCaiome : e r « a K a K o He n o c T H r a y H nopa^yen>

Beiepa,

MH CH B p a n > MOH o MH%, r j i a r o J i H :

»CeH lejiOB-feKt cyerfc ynoAoCacH, H AbHH ero, HKo ctHb, npeHAoma.» Ho rocnoAH MOH, ÜHcyce XpHcre, cuHe 6O>KHHI NPHNAFLAWMH" MOJÍ io TH CH:

IIpHspH Ha MH H nOMHJiyH MH, H H3Be«H «yuiy MOW H3T> TeMHHiju CeasaKOHHiui, npeme «awe He npHHAy Ha c y s t CTpamHUHl TIpHHMH MOJIHIUnXl TH 3a HU CBHTUH a u r e j i u H a p x a H r e n u ,

xepyBHMu, CHJIU H BJiacTH, npecTOJiu H rocnoACTBa,

Hanajia Buconanl T f e x i MOJIHTBAMH H npenncruH Marepe TBoen HSCABH MH ERYAA OHARO

H TbMU KpOM-falllHblH H H e y c u n a t o i u a r o HAOBirraro nepBH I Tu

Co ecH a r a e u i

6OWHH,

B a e M J i H H " rp-fexH B e e r ò

Mnpa,

pacnHUHCH * 1 Ha Kpecrb Harnero paflH cnaceHHH H n p H H e c u H C H " Ha m e p T B y 6 o r y H OTqy

aa HU rptniHUH. BOHMH 4 ' MOJIHTBy MOW H n o c J i H " aHrejia xpaHirreJiH jiyuiH Moen H r f e j i y , A a , TÍMT» HACTABJIWEMT.", H36aBJiwcH o n

BCfexi. BHAHMUXT. H HCBHAHMUXI

Bpara

H Cn0A06jIK>CH4' TBOeH MHJIOCTH, erAa npHHAeuiH Ha cyAi> BT, AEHB OHI CTPAMHUH, e r o m e T p e n e m e n . a y m a

EH, BJiaAUKo npecBHTUH, 6e33Jio6HBe 11 aojiroTeprrfcjiHBe, npiiK.ioHH

yxo

TBoe

H ycJiuiiiH r n a r o j i a

MOJIHTBU

H noMHJiyH MH H BEN pa6u

HKO TU ecH 6on> Hauri>

Moea TBOH,

MOH.

128

Rhetoric and

Lyricism

• KT, Te&fc npHC-fcrae««. H Ha TH HaflteMCH. Ame H corp-feuiHXOMi" MHoro nane MeJiofftm., HO o r b

Te6e

He

OTCTYNNXOMI.,

HH p y K l HaiUHXl HHOMy 6ory B03fl-fex0MT>4'; HO H TH gjiarOCJlOBHMl H T06-fe KJiaHHeMCH H GjiaroaapHMT. npecBHToe HMH TBoe, OTi dat. pi. • xpaHHTeJieiro dat. pi. ' BBAUB nom. pi. : BHflbUb. • ocrynaiowe pr. a. p., nom. pi. m. : ocrynaTH. ' oOjiHCTaemi pr. p. p., nom. pi. m. : ofi.iHCTaTB. * NOKJIOHHHIE DOC. sg. ' HaBOAHB pr. a. p., del. : BaBOHHTH. " nonamflb imp. 2 sg. : nonani. 11 OTBepaa imp. 2 sg. : OT(I)BP'6CTH. 11 oOflepmainH ymaio Moeio gen. du. pr. a. p., dat. sg. f. : oGaep>«aTH/o6(i)flbpmaTH. " noRCTb pr. 3 sg.: noHCTH. " npeBaunoma oar. 3 pi. : iipeB(i)aflTB. " o r a r o r t aor. 3 sg. : OTHrorbTH.

"

flymB

MOCH IOC. sg.

"

c o r n e a l p . a . p . m . : COHTH/CIHTH.

"

WFLBA acc.

sg. m.

:

milBI>. " CBTJOIH pr. a. p., det. : c(T»)B*FEFL'FETH. " xoaaTaio and the following forms in the same passage : (SjiaroBtCTHHMe, npeMtHHTeJiK), noryCBTejiio uoc. eg. ** noCtmaeMi pr. p. p. m. : noO'tmaTH. " npacbTB imp. 2 sg. : npachTBTH. 14 OMepKiuyio p. a. p., acc. sg. f. : OMepKHyTH/ OMbpKHyTH. •» UHoa-feHH rp*fexe inair. pi.: HHOn> rp*fcxT>. " npeapa imp. 2 sg.: npea(b)p-feTH. " OKaHHHbiH Moen ayma gen. sg. " CTpamywa pr. a. p., gen. sg. f. : CTpaaaTH. " A'SJIOMT, dat. pi. : Kino. " KOMywAO dat. sg. : KumAO. " BnmAb imp. 2 sg. : BH«-6TH. " BapH imp. M KpaaoMi pr. p. p. : HpaCTB. 2 sg.: BapHTH. " Mucjin pr. a. p. : MUCJIHTB. " oiflMa MOHHa dat. du. " n o c J i e n pr. 3 sg. : noc(i)iiaTB. " HCTOpraen. pr. 3 sg. : BCToprHyTB/ BCTbprHyTB. " norpymaeMT. pr. p . p . : norpymaTH. " npanaaaioinB pr. a. p. adv.: npanaflaTH. 41 pacnHuacn saeMJiHB pr. a. p., del., m. : B(i)3BMaTB. p. a. p., det. m. : pacnHTiicH. "

npHHecbiHCH p . a. p . , det. m. : n p B H e c r a c H .

"

BOHMB i m p . 2 sg. : BI>UHTB.

"

OOCJIB

imp.

I sg. : noc(i>)naTB. " BacTaBJineMi pr. p. p. : BacTaBJiHTB. " cnoAoOjriocH pr. 1 sg. : c(i)noAOCBTBCH. " corp-baraxoMt aor. 1 pi.: corptmHTB/Cbrp-fimHTH " BoaA'fcxoMT, aor. I pi. : Boaa-feTH/BiartTH.

3 PRAYER AFTER THURSDAY MATINS T h i s prayer is addressed to the apostles Peter, Paul, J o h n , Luke, M a r k , and Matthew in particular, and to the other apostles in general.

M o j u r r a a KHpHJi.ia

TypoBCKoro

BI> i c T B e p T O K i » n o flyine

3ayrpeHH

MOH I

Corp-femaioinH no BCH AHM, nOITO He BtCTHTHeUIHCH? IlpecTynaiomH

npenaHHHH TH aanoB-FEFLH,

K y » 1 npHHMeniH o r b 6ora MHjiocTb, a m e He n p e w e CJRACT0JIK)6HBAR0

KOHua

ocTaHeuiHc«

XOTIHHH,

yflanHiomaro TH orb n y m ,

Beaymaro BI> WH3Ub?

BtcnpHHH*, y 6 o r a n , o n . CHa r p t x o B H a r o , BOCnJiaMHCH* 3^UXT> CBOHX-b fl-fejTb,

Cyril

of Turov's

129

Prayers

HMHwe nponrfcBa CBoero BJiamuKy, HTHBOFLABUA H CJIAROAATEJIH, 0)«HflaK>mer0 Moero noKaHHHH I HuH-fe ocTaHHca Hecfcrruxi> n o x a r e n H rOpKHXT. TJieTBOpHtntl A"fejTb yKJIOHHCH I NPHNA^H me Bonmome KT> 6omecTBeHHbiMT> anocTOJiann., XpHcry

NA NOMONHTCH KO

noflaTH MH ocTaBJieHHe rp-fexoBi. CBHTUH I l e T p e ,

nepB0npecT0Ji[b]HH4e,

TBGpjUJH KaMeHb

Btpf,

HeflBHHtHMOe OCHOBaHHe UepKBH, n a c T y m e ' cjiOBecHaro CTama XpHCTOBa, KjiioHapio HeCecHaro

uapcTBHH,

jiOBne® rjiyfiHH-fe Hepa3yMHH! T H MOJIW BcesecTH-fe, na o C u M e r b ' MH 6o« RNYCHHH NORH6EM>HUH. B t a f

60 TH o n »

6ora

npHHMiua*

BJiacTb BHsaTH H pa3p-femaTii: paap-felllH, MOJIK) TH Cfl, CBHaaHa MH y w u "

rptxOBHUMH I

riOKaWH TBOIO MHJIOCTb Ha MH*fe, yCoa-feMb11 p a 6 t

TBoeMi;

OMHBH CMHpGHHylO MH nKome n p e w n e

flyifly,

TaBH KpaCHUXT.

MepTBiixt

BOCnpeCH;

Giiaro,

Bpartxt1*

CJIOBOMT. x p o M a r o co o n p a

BocraBH

H crtHeMi. CBOHMI H e « y r H H 6OJRFC3HH BCHKHH nporoHHiuH;

RA OCtHHTb MH TBOH CjiarOflaTb, Hcu-tjiHiomH aymeBHUH CoirfeaHH H n p o r o H H » m H rfejiecHtiH H e n y n i . BCH 60 MomeuiH, npecBHTe, CHJIOIO erowe

pan«

XpHCTOBO»,

BCH OCTABHJN* ecu

H T o r o BO3JIIO6HBI nocjrtAOBajn. ecn npeMHCTUMi e r o

cTonaMi,

H 3a e r o CBHToe HMH Y3BI riOHOCHBi, KT. HEMYME IIOMOJIHCH s a MH OKAHHHARO, na H36aBJiiocH o r b BCHKaro 3Jia TBOHMH MOJitrraaMH.

CBHTUH

IlaBJie,

B03JIK)6jieHHHe XpHCTOBT., HeSecHbiH HE^OB-FEIE H 3EMHBIH aHrene, nponoB-fenHHie CBHTIJH BC-fexl H3blh"b yMHTeJIK), uepKOBHan

Tpyfio",

BbicoKo jieTaHH 14

op.ie,

B^PU,

130

Rhetoric and

Lyricism

H e C e c m n i TaHHT. cKaaaTwiio, npecnoBymH" B i n t e " , BirtcTHJiHiue nyxoBHoe, MHorun frfenu nocTpa^aB-b aa hmr XpscroBo, neKUHCH1' bc£mh xpHCTHamj, 3a6uBan p a m Ha rtnecH, xope nptM-fepHBi, H seMJin oGuieni h Haci 06paTHBl> o n . JIbCTH HAOJIbCKHH ! Tn mojiio h kt> Tefrfe boiihio: He rHyiuaHCH MeHe cKBepHaro, He np*t3pii MeHe ocjitnmaro oyuieBHbiMa owHMal BocraBH ma y6oraro, paacjiafijiena cyma rp-fexoBHow jrfeHOCTHw! H6o n i b i JlycTp-txib o n ipeBa poweHHaro xpoMua c i BapHaBoio BocTaB« 1 ', h E B m x a c , OuBioa MepTBa, o m h b h " . BocKpecH MeHe on> MepTBuxi fffem, H>Ke MOJIHTBOIO OTb OCHOBaHHfl TeMHHuy noTpnce", h yaHHKH paap-feuiH", h HaacoHad o n aaKOJieHHH c n a c e " . Bch 60 MomeuiH flaHHow t h dtt, 6ora BJiacmio. B t p o i o npouiy: nocfeTH MeHe TBoeio mhjiocthio H HCTOprHH MH OTB C&TH BpaMHH", H yKptnH MH TBOPHTH RoCpaH fffcjia, HKO CMH*4 BejlHKHH XpHCTOBT. anOCTOJTb. Cbhtmh HoaHHe BorocjiOBne, cuHy rp0M0Bi>, HanepcTHHqe X p h c t o b i , fftBbCTBeHHUH cocyne, AymeBHan uepKBH, MeflOTOHHMH H3UMe, rpoMornacHaH ycTa, acHHCKoe" yTBepweHwe, e^iecbCKaH*' noxBaJio, naTMOCKBiH" yHHTeJiio «, Bcero MHpy xpaHHTenio, XpHCTOBa EBaHreJiHR cnHcaTeji», HaAewa MOH H npH6t>«Hine! He ocraBH MeHe orb TBoero sacTyiuieHHH, He nporntBaHCH Ha mh MHorocorpiuiHBwaro. Hwe cuHa ^HOCKopHflOBa" bt> 6aHH BocKpecH, h BOHHa H3i Mopn no ceMH i a c i wHBa oTuy ero HSBJiewe, npoKaweHHaro we bt, Bocijiope npHKOCHOBeHHeMT, py«y ohhcth

Cyril

of Turov's

Prayert

a IIpoKJiMHHn on. flymeryÖHaro noxoTfeaan «86aB« H36aBH mh TaKOwe on. BCHKaro rp-fexa, hko kt. re&b ynoBanHe Moe bomowhxt. . Cbhtuh Jlyao, öowecTBeHHUH eBaHrejiHCTe, AyXOBHUR CKOpOnHCie", 6oronycnjHHbiH Bpaiio s! ycjonnH MOJiHTBy MOW h yBpanoa cTpacni «yma Moen; He mhhh" MeHe, ott> jrfeTCTBa yfl3BJieHRaro BpawHHMH CTp'knaiiH: MomeinH mh HCtrfcjraTH m ott. cero iaca anpasa cotbophtm. Cbhtuh Mapno, aJieKCaHApbCKHH *1 CB*flTHJIbHHHG , XpHCTOBiixi. tshht. HanucaTejiio h Bcbxi Myneci ero CjiaroB-fecTHiroe I PaöoTaBT. eBaHreJiHio XpHCTOBy, iiojih aa mh nenoB'feKOJiioöbaa 6ora, Aa nopaComy Tino CowecTBeHHUMi sanoBtAeMi, B na CBoSomy" nyuiy OTI> paßora jiyxaBaro TBOHMH MOJIHTBaMH. Cbhtuh MaT$e», OCTaBHBUH" MUTHROy r Befexi rp"bx0BH0e coCpaHHe pascunaBi, BocnpHHjn. ecH Ha Heßecexi HeHar0T0BaeM0e CoraTCTBO, HecK0HMaeM0e uapcTBO, CKaaaBUR" aaMi BTopoe XpacTOBO npamecTBae: Erna me hbhtch c i neöece bo MHOweCTB-fe aarejn., co cjiaBoio Heßecaoio, Bpara crpaina a B-fcpauH Becena, Torna a bu CHfleTe Ha npecrojrb cyA«me a a u K o n . YbU H MH'fel KaKo hbjiioch Torna a a i rp-fcniHUH, BCHKaro ana acnonaeHi»? Ho 6yAH MH HMH"fe nOMOO(HHKl, yKp-tnH mh Ha tbibhhc ÖJiaro, Aa H36aBJII0CH OTT. Bt0Ji0Mti0, CaMOHe, ajianne, XpacTOBH yroAHHiiH", JlbCTH HCKOpeHHTeJIH h B-fephi HacaAHTeJiH! ycjiuuiHTe mh rptuiHaro,

132

Rhetoric and BU.

H a j r f c w m a r o c H Ha Y>KE

60

H"fecTb MH o r b

a n j e He n o n p u e T e " ce

60,

H MeHe Aa

MOHX-b

H

jiyKaBbHyio

neJiiocTH

BaUIHMH

rptxoBi.

noKanjicfl,

MOW.

ayuiy

MOJIK) T H ,

H Aawflb*'

MOHX*b OHHCTH

fijiaroaaTb

H MOJiHTBy

H OTnycTH

HH « a

HeiecTHe

KaromHxcH,

cepaua

Moero,

MHJIOCTH TBOGH : TBOH H CblHT. p a S U H H

B03ApeMJien.

HO B P A 3 Y M H CMHpeHHyio Aa

MOJiHmeMycH

AA» BO CMHTCHwe H o r y

He

He

HO « a

xpaHHH41

MH

MeHe

nojiyMy,

MOJIK) TH,

yHHHHJKeHT.",

Hxiwe

wejiaio,

BCHKO

MOJIHTBaMH CBHTbJXl H n p e c B H T b i H TH

uapio:

Haiuen

HKO T U

AyuiH ecH

H Te6"FE C n BcerAa

pa6bl

TBOH

corptuieHHe

anOCTOJIT.

MaTepe,

H BCFCXT. C B H T b l X l H cnacH

cKop6eHi>,

6jian>.

npecBHTbiH

HaMi

nocpaMJiem.,

—

nOMHHH MHJIOCTHK) H II)eApOTaMH

BJia«U4Hi;a

aHrejn.;

AYRNY,

B03Bpanjycfl

H OTnycTH

TBOeH*9.

Moeio*0,

H YFIJIAWH H OCBHTH

SEAKOHEWHHIXI TBOHXT. Eme

HeAOCTOHHCTBy :

noKamwe,

MH n o

HKO a3T. p a 6 l

MoeMy

CblHT. C O W H H ,

noKanHue

npHHMH H M o e

MH

pa3yMa

TBL 6 0 eCH X p H C T O C l ,

H npHHMan

MOH,

BJiaabiKO

OTT> TaUHblXT.

H cnacii

MOJIHTBaMH,

COTBOPHXI>

ySoryio

flaa"

rJiaBy,

ero

Ha ceMb CB-FERFE

H eme

ejiHKO m e Ha

KOBa B p a w H H :

JieBi,

eMy

HaSaBHTe

6bixi

cnaceHHH, BCHKaro

IIOrJIOTHTH.

H coKpyuiHTe

pacTpirneTe

a^jn.

MeHe o n .

HKO

pncnaH

X O f l H T l , XOTH MH Ho

Lyricism

Soropoannbi, MOJIHTBaMH

nOMHJlyH

Hamii:

6on>

Haiut,

MHJIH A-FEEMI,

H HIIHÌ

H npHCHo

H BO B Ì K H

BÌKOMI .

ÀMHHB. 1 K y i o acc. sg. /. : KUK. 1 Bi>cnpHHH imp. 2 sg. : BicnpHHyTH. • BOCnjiaiHCH i m p . 2 sg. : BOcnJiaKaTHCH/BicnJiaKaTBCH. * B t p t dat. poss. : B-fepa. * nacTyuie uoc. : n a c r y x i . ' noBie 1 B-fca-6 pr. (per/.) 1 sg. : B-FCXFCTH. HOC. : JIOB(b)m>. ' oCbiMen pr. 3 sg. : oCtnTH. • npnnMiua 11 yCoa-fcMb loc. sg. : y6on>. 11 B p a r t x t p . a. p., acc. sg. m. : OPHHTH. ywhi instr. pi. : y « e . loc. pi. : BpaTa. " TpyOo voc. : T p y C a . j i e T a f w pr. a. p., del. : jieTaTH. " npecjionyma — npecJiOBbi pr. a. p. adj. : n p t w i y T H . " B f r n e voc. sg. : BÌTHH. " nenwHCH pr. a. p., del. m. : 11 BOCTaBH aor nenHCH. 3 sg. : BO(o)craBHTH/BI>ccTaBHTH. OWHBH aor. 3 sg. : OSKHBHTH.

Cyril

of Turov's

Canon

of

Supplication

133

" noTpuce am. 3 tg. : DOTPHCTB. " paap-tnm am. 3 tg. : p u p t n n m . " cnace aor. 3 tg.: enacTH. " BpamBfl gen. tg. /. : Bpannra. M CUB pr. a. p., det. : OUTB. * acncKOe adj. : ACID. " etfieCbCKafl adj. : Ee 6e33aK0HbHaH yKJIOHHXCH; CB-fel-b BT.aHeHaBHA'tBl, bo TbM*b rp-fexoBHtn 3a6jiyflH.ni ecMb. r p t x H moh, aKH JIaMexi», npeffi BcfcMH HcnoB-feflaio, a CBoero ana oGuian HHKorna w e He oeraHycH. O JIlOTfc" MHt, OKaHHbHOMy, BCtMT. MyKaMl ITOBHHbHOMy ! flKO 6orb MHOrOMHJIOCTHBl, npHHMH MH KaiOIUaCH*1 H Aawflb MH ocTaBJieHHe MHOrHXl MH CrptuieHHH, na B*b TpOHUH npOCJiaB^IO TH, OTi(a h cbiHa h cBHTaro wyxa.

Cyril of Turov's Canon of HKO

B c b n

c u a "

Supplication

r p t n r t i " ,

He6o B o a p - f e r a H e c i r b n , HO K*V ROÓ-FC npanaAan Bonb» : Ha

Mani

6OHUM

npeucraa,

YMWIOCEPNHCN

HA

H H36ABH UN

RTIHARO

MH MYIEHHHL

UlhCHb HKO

Con.

HaHeMoriuioio" h

cepAae,

rptinH

3JIUUH

AoCponjiOAHO AyxoMi

3

Bcectuiem., 1

'

flyinio

n o »

aanycrtBuie",

CTBopu:

CKpyineHom"

MOJiHTBy TH

npHHecy.

Ame acnoMHHy en Rfejia, OTHHyflb

OTHajOCH,

HKO 60H

NJRBHHHITA

OTHE, CbIHe H C B H T H H Tofrfe

TexHHiia

« w e "

CHXT» H e

3JUJMI c e 6 e

HKO

Cffinxi !

nnanen,

jiiorfe?

ropbKa,

H jiioTa

BOJIH**,

noxoTb,

MHJIOCTH HSNUXAHHH.

B-fena B c f e x i

KpecrbHHi

XOAATAHITE

Mapbe, 6oroHa6paHHaH BJiaAUHHue, npHHMH

HO»

H noflawab" MHorHxi

oTnycn

MH"

MOJIHTBaMH

MOJIHTBy

nperp-biueHHH

CH".

aacTynHHije

Rhetoric O

BcecrpacTHaH

K a K O ajrfe

and

Lyricism.

Ayuie,

Kano

yH3BHCH,

0CKBepHHCH,

H K a K O JIlOTfe H6KJII04HMa norbinMCH",

noKancH

BonbiomH

6ory,

kt>

h

OblCTb! npnnajH,

H t K J I H MyKM H36aBHTT. T H .

Cyni

6e3i> m h j i o c t h ,

MHJIOCTH He

6jIK>AH, BHHMaH, jrfejioMi.

o

ayuie,

COTBOpiUHMl": XpHCTOBO CJIOBO

noKawH!

MacJio m e f l p o n

BocnpxHMH

h CB'fcutio n o K a f l H b H c C j u o a h ' 7 IIoGah", fla

OHiHflawinH

BHHAemH bt> M e p T o r b

cnaceHiixi.

IlrbCHb ripOBHAH

flyXOMT.

4

AMfiaKyMT.1»,

ewe"

«0 Moe«

HHmeTbi

TBoe,

XpucTe,

cxoweHbe,

yKptnJiHHCH flpocTbio

CMOTpbHO

HanpnaH41

H36aBJiHH o r b HeMOJiHHO

CAasa

BOfibHuie40:

Ha B p a r H

mrfcHa p a 6 u

Bt> Majn> M a c i BO BCH m e

zocnodu 1

pa6i> X p H C T O B i

pa6i

6e33aKOHba,

OCKBepHHBCH

H BCHKOH MyU^fe 45 n O B l l H e H l

rp-feuiHaH a y w e ,

BCerfla

HapeKoxcH4',

CBifl-fccH44,

6biBT> B C H K a r o

BCiiMH HeHHCTOTaMH

Tope,

CkJBl,

Macro

eHme

ryOHTeJibCTBO

Kano

He CoHuiHCH

npo^tn aa

th

fl

we

h tow ho

wano

npeme

yracHen>

npHHXt

CMepTH,

Btmibiii

orHb.

MHacy

K y n j i H 4 * He

MbioJibHyio

B-fccH 4 7 ? CKOponwfc4",

HMymn?

cnb3u

TBOpnxi,

pacKonaBTs

H JrfcHOCTbHblMT. o S h B T . HeB-fepbeMi. a y m a 5 0

aeMJiio

nJiaTOMl,

nocunaxt.

OKaHHHblH.

KaeuiHCH

crp-feuiaeuiH!

riOMTO He 6"fe>KHllIH 3Mb-fe 4 ',

CMepTHoe

cboh,

3HH >' A O H H H t

rptxoBHhiH

h

JiyK-b

cboh,

Bonbioma":

citArb meoeu,

fl-fe^aTejib

Heyracaiomw.

meHHxa,

Cyril of Turov's Canon of

Supplication

H o Tpowie CBflTan, ante H BSH" o n , Mene CBoe, HT> B l KpOkrfellIHlOlO TbMy CBHSaHa He n o c j i H " Meue. FÎBJIEHIJXL H HeHBJieHblXl, B-FCAOMUXT H HeB-FCFLOMUXL,

H WPECIECTBCTBEHHUXT. 6eaaKOHHR H KO 6 o n npocTH MH MOJIHTBAMH O o r o p o A H u a * * ,

«WE a a

BCH MOJIRTI>CH .

XpHCTe MHOrOMHJIOCTHBe ! TOH panH BT>3Be,nH MH H a ï nponacrH rpixoBHUH.

IJfbCHb 5 ORHBHUH yMi> MCAHH c

AyxoffBHWHMO n p o B i a r j i a i n a m e " , yTpeHioH" KT. 6 o r y , MOJiHuiecn npHJIOHCHTH 3J10 HeSeCTHBWMT>, noHeme HCTHHU He CTBopHuia Ha aeMJiH. T Ì M T . B3HHKHH, « y U i e

MOH,

OTb MpaKa rp-fcxoBHaro H oaapHcn noKaHHbH CBÌTOMT. I Buxi> noApamaTeJib CnapHOTy Hiojrfc OTnaflOxi», n p o A a B i HCTHHy Ha n w y " , H 6BIXL S a B H M l " OTMaflHbeMT». H o He npeapn MeHe, XpHCTe C n a c e , flKo» « H e , owHAaioma

Moero

H CH BCH yMHBUIHHCH HKO

Bcfext

MOJIHCH ,

MHOTHXT. MH a o j i i !

omycTa

OMHCTH OCKB6pH6HyiO MH

sacTynmma

npeMHCTan,

npunaAaio

y6oryio

jnorfc

nyrnio

TBOHMH 6 0 r 0 n p H H T H U M H • rocnoneBH dat. sg. : rocnoab. ' oOiHTa p. p. p. /. : OOI>HTH. • pacTeprHH

"

' IKHBY adj., acc. sg. f. : MHBI.

TOJiHy pr. 1 sg. : TOJioiH/TJTbmH.

npecTynnTH.

"

"

Kaiouiacn pr.a.p., M

"

•* CKpymeHOMT, instr. sg. : c ( i ) n p y u i e H i . "

MB dat. poss. : a3i>.

"

noOiflHTB.

"

"

44

"

"

gen. sg. : n y m a . gen. sg.

"

"

"

CUR pr.a.p.,

"

aanycrtBiue

•• JHOTÏ

del. m. : GUTH.

p. a. p.,

acc. sg. n. : a a n y c r t T H .

"

n m e art. ref. to Bepnra.

** nojiamab i m p . 2 sg. ; nonaTH. "

acc.pl.

Myn-b dat. sg. : Myna.

B3H aor. 2 sg. : B(T>)3HTH.

"

j j w y acc. sg. : Ji(T>)H)6JIIOCTH.

"

adj.,

aor. 1 sg. : c ( i ) T H m a T H .

•• noTiiUHCH i m p . 2 sg. : non>mHTBCH.

sonbioma pr.a.p.,

CBtfl-tcR pr. 1 sg. : c(T>)B'bfl'feTHCfl.

pr. 2 sg. : B i f l t T H .

CTHwaxt

n y m e ooc. sg. : nyx-b.

e w e art. ref. to cxomeHbe.

i m p . 2 sg. : HanpmuH.

11

BOJTH gen. sg. : BOJIH.

"

CH dat. poss. refl.

IUHMT, p. a. p., dat. pi. : CVTBOPHTH.

cepacfcHMCTHH

BSHeMOruiioio p. a. p., del., acc. sg. /. : H3HeM0XH/H3ue-

M

RPTXMH instr. pi. : r p t n .

•• npenacH pr. 2 sg. : npeaaTH.

' BoanH i m p . 2 tg. : BISIQIITH.

"

acc. sg. : HaflTHCH.

rp'feuiH'bH adj. comp. : rp-femibiHT».

1 pi. : rrfcTH.

imp.

' BH3BmH p r . 2 tg. : BHSHTH.

aaTBopeicoMi p. p. p., dot. pi. : aaTBOpHTH.

Hanacan pr. a. p. : HanHcaTtf.

cyflHH pr. a. p., del. m. : cyflHTH.

ado. : JIIOTT.. MOIUH.

* noHMT.

noJiuti nom. pl. : n o J i K i / n i a K i .

i m p . I sg. : BIHHTH.

"

....

' a o j i i = auii> adj. gen. pi. : a u r a .

imp. 2 sg. : pacTeprHyTH/pacrbprHyTH.

eepaiJiHM(b)CKT.. "

MOJIHTBdMH

imp. 2 sg. : 0T(i)BepeHHCH/0N>Bp,fiiUHCH.

OTBepaacH

1

Tpowja,

o6HSHMbIXl>,

MaTH 6O>khh

npocn

o n

BHflHTb.

KpecTbHHi

H nOMOIIlHHI^a

KT> TO6T

eflHHaro

noKaHHHH:

flaBHTH.

M

"

B-fecH

"

ayuia

CoropoAHua

"

yrpeHioH pr. a. p. : yTpbHeBam.

"

KaiomHCH pr. a. p. /. : HaflTHCH.

•• noMbiCJiu instr. pi. : HOMUCJIV

» Bib. L e m e c b , a descendant of Cain, c o m p o s e d a p o e m of confession t o his w i v e s A d a h and Zitha. b Bib. c Bib. d Bib. « Bib.

I l a b a k k u k , the p r o p h e t , Isaiah, Judas Iscariot. P e t e r the A p o s t l e .

S E R A P I O N OF V L A D I M I R ' S SERMON ON THE M E R C I L E S S HEATHENS Serapion,

archimandrite

of

the

Cave

Monastery

i n v a s i o n of 1240 a n d later B i s h o p of V l a d i m i r tatives of

the Old

the devastation The

Kievan

homiletic art, d e v o t e d

a n d s p o l i a t i o n of

invasion

is i n t e r p r e t e d

The

is t a k e n

text

nponoBeAHHK

XIII

from

BeKa

as

Kiev

divine

by

Kiev

a sermon

the infidels f r o m

punishment

E.V. Petuxov,

(St. P e t e r s b u r g ,

in

during

the

Tatar

(d. 1275), o n e of t h e last represen-

for

CepannoH

1888).

the

to the description the Asiatic nation's

of

steppes.

sins.

Bjia^HMwpcKHtt,

pyccKHtt

ion of Vladimir's

Sermon on the Merciless

CJIOBO CepanHOHa FLSULTF}1

0

B i a p x i p c i a r o

H6MHJIOCTHBÍ

noMioflHMT., 6 p a T H e ,

HejiortKOJiioÓbe C o r a

K a K O Hbl* npHBOAHTb HbiMH JIH c n o B e c b i *

kt.

me H H K A K O M E

BHA^Bb

KT> H E M Y

H a u i a CeaaKOHbH

MHoro C T p a x a HH4HMI

Toraa

we

yMuoKHBiuacH, oTBepruia*,

nymaiue', yiame,

yHiiie*

noKa3axoMCH*.

H a B e A e Ha Hbi H3MKT>

HeMHiiocTHBi,

H3ÍJKT. JlfOTb, H3blKT> He UjaAHIlIb flBHrHyxoMi11

60 Ha C H 1 ' HpocTb 6ora Harnero;

ncKopib

J^aBHAy

yHbl1*,

MJIAAOCTH A Í T H H 1

HeMOiiíH c t a p e u b , no

gbazopu.cn npocmb eso na h u .

PaapyuieHbi

[Sbiuia] SowecTBeHHUfl

ocKBepHeHH

6biuia c t c y A H

NOTONTAHA

nJioTH n p e n o A o 6 H b i x i

;

6uma;

MHHXT."

nTHuaMT. H a CH-fcAb n o B e p w e H H 1 ' KpOBb H OTeUb H ó p a T H H aKH BOAa M H o r a ,

seMJiio

KHH3HH H A U I H X I H xpafipHH Haaia,

Hauia

ó-famaiua";

Hauia

nopocTouia*0, CMtpHCH;

OH-feMb BT> KopHCTb

Ha LUÍ» n o r a H H H

6bicn>;

HacjrfcAOBauia;

HH0njieMeHHK0Mi> BT. AOCTOHHHe

BT, nOHOUleHHe

SbixoMi

H6O CBESOXOMT.21

H OTBpaTHXOMl

HauieH";

BparoMt

HamifMi»;

co6ij,

a K b i AOJKAb CT> H e 6 e c H , noABHroxoMi'4

6bicn>;

6bIXOM1>

jKHBymHMT. Bi>CKpan 3eMJiH B*b n o o r f c x i

naxa

noruóe*1;

SoraTCTBO n a m e 3eMJia H a u i a

Hmeae";

HanojiHbmecH1',

Cbiuia;

H BeJIHHbCTBO H a i l i a

Tpyfli

Hanon;

>tte 6 p a T H H H

H a i n a JIHAHHOIO

KpacoTa

6biuia;

HaiiieH,

B0eB0Ai> K p t n o c T b

CTpaxa

BI> NJIIIHI B C A E H H cena

uepKBH;

CBnmeHHH";

14

CBHTSH

6uuia

CBHTHTejiH M e m o B O HAb

MiHOHOHiua

HaMi?

06paTHX0MCHs.

noKa3aBi,

MHoro p a 6 u C B O H M H H

Haci?

He aanp-fcTH'

BHfl-feBi H h i aanoB-feAH e r o M H o r o 3HaMeHHH

Harnero!

ce6i?

He H a K a 3 a e T b

K B I M H JIH a a n p ' b i u e H H H Mu

Heathens

«pocTb

rH-feBi ero

na

rocnoaeHi; CH,

B e J I H K ) " e r O MHJIOCTb ,

i( He AaxoM-b n p H 3 H p a T H H U C H MHJiocepAHbiMa

oMwua.

Rhetoric

and

Lyrieitm

H e 6ucn> K&3HH, K a H * ' 6u n p e M H H y j i a H

H U H i 6ec n p e c T a H H K a a H H M n "

Hacil

ecMU";

rocnony;

HE OCPATHXOMCH 60 K I

He nOKAHXOMCH O 6e3aKOHHHIT> HaiUHXl; He (>TCTynHX0Mi> SJIUXI o 6 b n a H "

Hainnxi;

rp-fexoBHaro;

He o i r f c c T H x o M C H " K a j i y "

a a f i u x o M i K a a H H C T p a u i H u n Ha BCIO aeMJiio

Hauiy;

MajIH OCTaBlUH BeJIHUH" TBOpHMCH. TiMi

w e He npecraioTb 3Jian, M y n a m e

HU:

aaB-fccTb yMHO>KHJiacH; 3Jio6a n p e M o w e " HU; Be^HnaHbe B i a H e c e y m

Hauii;

HeHaBHCTb Ha A P y r u BcejiHcn BI> c e p a u a

Hama;

HecuTOBbCTBO HirfeHbfl nopaGoTH HU, He AaCTb MHJIOBaTH HU CHpOTT., He

ffacTb

aHaTH HeJioB-tqbCKaro

ecTecTBa;

HO, AKU SB-fapbe w a a a i o T b HACUTHTHCN NJIOTH, TaKO H MU maAaeMi H He npecTaHeim., a6u B c t x i .

noryfiHTH,

a ropbKoe TO HM-feHbe H npoBaBoe H I c o 6 t 3B-fepbe - t f l u i e "

norpaCHTH.

HacumaioTCH,

MU w e HacuTHTHCH He MOweMi: T o r o aoCuBiue, A p y r a r o

weJiaeMi.

3 a n p a B e A H o e CoraTbCTBO 6on> He r-H-feBaeTCH H a HO,

ewe

peieHO

eudtbmu,

npopoKOMi,

eemb Kmo pasyMTbean

auft

ecu yruwHuiuacH Hu

Anoeroni Epamue,

Aiodu we

ecu meopaufu

mo*

ei XAib6a

u6o AuxouMifU-epa6umeAU Au^e

3A06010

eaonbKmb

uau

taucxtu»M

eocnodt 6oea,

SeaaicoHbe,

Mfocmo?

riaBBJn» 6ec n p e c T a H H B i r i H e T b , diMrwi1®

hc npuKacaumecjt

M o i i c f e e B H HTO p e i e

Had,

npuapu

«kynn>, H n p o s e e .

jiu pcaymrbaaiomb

CHtbdatouft

ct> he6ecu

3AWCb u

co udoAOCAyotcumeAU

rjiarojin: m€MHbixb, ocydxmbat.

6ort?

D3ao6uiuu

edoeuif>o

u

cupomy,

ko Mum,

CAyxoMb ycAbtiuio eonAb uxb, u poasHtbaaiocH nozy6AK>

H

»«"

Hpocmuto: MeteMi.

HUHe c i 6 u c T b C H M 0 H a c i pe Me' KasHBWi pr. p. p., nom. pi. m. : Haamrra. " ecxu pr. 1 pi. : OUTB. " oOuiaa gen. pi. : oOuias. ** otrfccnxoMCH aor. 1 pi. : otrtcTBTmcH. " HSUiy gen. tg. : nani. ** BeJixoa nom. pi. : Bomtn. " npexome M aor. 3 tg. : npexoia. tn(-fc)me p. a. p., nom. pi. m. : tern. " BSacMtn pr. a. p., nom. tg. m. : B3MCKaTH. " Atarbxi loc. pi. : fftJio. " >u ace. : BU. " dflucTbCH aor. 3 tg. : »GUTBCH. " naaoxoin. aor. 1 pi. : nacTB. " e acc. tg. : OHO. " ( n ) aiowe acc. tg. /. : iwe. " BU dai. : BU.

DANIEL THE EXILE'S LAMENT The author of the Lament, a citizen of Perejaslavl', in all probability was not an exile—as is generally assumed— but an erudite, gifted young man fallen in distress; instead of personally appealing to Prince Jaroslav Vsevolodovic (1213-36), he composed a poetic lamentation in order to arouse sympathy for himself and to show his great learning and ability. At a later time, the Lament was expanded and supplemented by new aphoristic material. By a misinterpretation of the text, Daniel came to be regarded as an exile bemoaning his fate. Its highly emotional and antithetic form, often recalling the style of the Psalter and other Biblical books, makes the Lament an excellent specimen of Old Russian poetry, clear in its construction, sensitive in its expression, and —in spite of the presence of personal motives—objective in its poetic effect. The controversial questions connected with the history of the text, several copies of which are extant, and the relationship between the different editions have not been settled. The confusion seems to be so deep that to establish an

142

Rhetoric

and

Lyricism

original text seems a l m o s t impossible, a n d it w o u l d e v e n be difficult to d i s t i n g u i s h between the different editions t h r o u g h w h i c h the text passed. T h e text here g i v e n is t a k e n in excerpts f r o m the edition of I . S . S l ' a p k i n , CJIOBO AaHHHjia 3aTOHHHKa n o BceM HaBecrauM cnncKaM in V o l . L X X X I of IlaMHTHHKH «peBHeft NHCBMEHHOCTH H HCKYCCTBA (St. Petersburg, 1889). Cf. the edition of N . N . Z a r u b i n , in IlaMHTHHKH apeBHepyccKofl jiHTepaTypii, V o l . I l l ( L e n i n g r a d , 1932). MoieHHe ^aHHHJia 3aTOHHHKa BocTpy6HMT> i'6o, CpaTHe, a«H BT> 3JiaT0K0BaHHyK) T p y C y , BT> pa3yMi> y M a cBoero H HaMHeMi. 6HTH B I cpefipeHbifl apraHU 1 BO HSB'feCTHe MyapOCTH, H yAapHMi BT. 6y6Hbi yMa CBoero, noiome B I CorOAOXHOBeHHblH CBHptjIH, na BOCNNAMIOTCH BT> H a c i AymenoJieaHUH noMbicjibi I BocTaHH, cjiaoa MOH ! B o c T a H H , ncaJiTupb H r y c n n I fla p a s B e p r y * BT> npuTMaxi RASAHHH MOH H n p o B i m a i o BO HAUUIXI cjiaBy MOIO I CepAue CMhiCJieHHaro ynp-fenjiHeTCH BI. r f c j i e c i ero KpaCOTOIO H MynpocTHio, H SblCTb H3bIK"b MOH HKO TpOCTb KHHHtHHKa-CKOpOnHCIja. T t M i . owyuiaxcH wapem« CJIOBO. BCHKI COK)3T> pa3Bepn>* cepaua Moero, paa6nxi> ajrfc aKH apeBHHH MJianeHua4 o KaMeHb. H o COIOCH, rocnoaHHe, noxyjieHHH TBoero Ha MH, aKH CMOKOBHHua ona 6ecnnoAHa« npoKJiHTHH, He HM'feio 6o njioaa noKaniiHio. YMT. MOH HKO HOIMIMH BpaHT> Ha HbipHIUH. P o e c b i n a c n ' WHBOTI MOH HKO XaHdHeHCKHXl» Uapb» SyeCTb, H nOKpH* MH HHmeTa aKH HepMHOe Mope*> apaoHa. H e CTa ooHnne liocpexfe AOMy Moero HKO cojiHije Ha r j i a B t . T t M i . OKyinaxcH HanncaTH. Ce C t w a f x i ] OTT. jrnua CKYAOCTH MOEH aKH A r a p b paObiHHc OTT. pyitH C a p p u , r o c n o w a ' CBoeH, BtabiH«, r o c n o A n n e , Tooe fijiaropasyMHe, H npHTeKOXl* KO OShlHH'fcH TBOeH JIKl6Be. Tjiarojierb 6o CBHToe lmcaHHe:

Daniel the Exile'*

143

Lament

Jlpoeume u npuuMeme. flaBHirb pese: He cymb pn.su, HU CAoeeea, uxotce ne Mutuarne* BAOCU1'. Miii we He yMOJiHHMi, ho BoarjiaroJiem> kt> rocnoflHHy CBoexy, BceMHJiocTHBOMy khh3k> HpocjiaBy BceBOJiOffiniod.

*

KHflme moh , rocnoflHHe !

MH BO KHHH eflHHT., HKO TpaBa BT> 3aCT"fcHH H3paCTyn|H1 •, Ha Hiome hh cojiHue CHHen, hh aoh Hflen>: TaKO a3T> XOJKIO BO T[b]irfe, OTjiyneHi fleHb h Honjb CB-feTa omhio TBoe». T t M l , rocnoflHHe, npHKJioHH y x o TBoe bo r j i a r o w ycn> mohxt.

H

o n

BCfcXT. C K O p Ó e H MOHXl

H36aBH

mhI

KHHwe moh, rocnoflHHe ! HanHTaioTCH o n . o6hjihr «OMy TBoero, aKH noTOKOMi. nHtua" TBoen; tokmo a 3 i eflHHT. waflaio MHJIOCTH TBOeR, aKH eneHb HCTOiHHKa BOflHaro. EcMb 60 hko flpeBO c y x o , croHme npn n y r a , fla bch MHMOxoAHiuen cfcKyTi. ero; TaKO h a a i bc%mh o6hahmi ecMb, saHe He orpamem. ecMb CTpaxoMi rpoau TBoen, aKH orpaflOMT. TBepflbiMi.

Bch

KHHHte moh , rocnoflHHe 1 B o r a n . Mymb Besjrfe anaeMi ecTb, h bt. mowein. r p a f l t : a y6orb My>«b h bo CBoeMi r p a f l t HeB-feflOin. xorhtt. . B o r a n . Mywb B o a r a a r o j i e n : — bch MOJiMan.'. h cjiobo ero «o oSjiaKi. B03Hecyn>; a y6ore> Mywb Boarjiarojien, to bch Ha Hero BOCKJiHKHyn.. Hxme 60 PH3U CBtTJIhl, T-fcxl H ptHH HeCTHbl.

Khhwc moh , He

B03pH

Ha

HO B O H M H 1 4

rocnoflHHe !

BHÌIUHHH14

BHyTpeHHH

MOH,

MOH.

A3i 60 ecMb OflinHHeMT. cKyaeHi,

ho pa3yM0Mi> o6HJieHi>; IOHT. B03paCTT> HMWH1*, HO CTapi CMHCJ1T. BilOWHXT, BOHb 17 . H fihIXT. napH 1 8 MblCJIHIO CBOeiO, aKH opejn. no B03flyxy.

Rhetoric

and

Lyricism

K H R w e MOB, rocnoAHHel HBH M I a p a K i JIHAA T B o e r o , HKO r n a c i TBOH c j i a a o K i k , H y e r a TBOH MEFLI HCTanaiori», H o 6 p a a i TBOH K p a c e m ; nOCJiaHHH TBOH HKO paH ci> IIJIOAOMT>; pyij-FE" TBOH HcnonHeHu HKO OTI> 3NATA apasHHCKa; JIAHHTU TBOH HKO c o c y f f b apaMaTbi; rOpTaHb TBOH HKO K p H H l , KailJIH" MHpO, BHfll TBOH HKO J l H B a H l

MHJIOCTb TBOK)

H36paHT>;

OIH TBOH HKO HCTO BOAU /KHBbi; HpeBo TBoe HKO CTON> nuieHHMeHi., a w e "

MHO™ HANHTAN

w i a B a TBOH npeBO3H0CHn> r j i a B y MOW, H CllCTb BBLH [TBOH] BL CyeCTH, aKH (fiapCHCl BL> MOHHCRFE KHH>«E MOH, rocnoflHHe I H e a p n Ha MH, aKH BOJIKI Ha a r H e u a , HO apH Ha MH, HKO MaTH Ha M^aneHUa. B o a p n Ha n T H u a "

HeSecHUH,

HKO HH tffclOTb, HH JKHyn., HH BT> WHTHHIja" COCHpaiOTb, HO y n o B a i o T i Ha MHJiocTb 6OH. fla

He 6 y n n p y K a TBOH corCeHa" Ha no^aHHe y6orHMi>.

IlHcaHo 60 ecTb: IJpocmifeMy da ne Auiuem

y me6e

dau,

6ydetuu

moAKyufeMy

if apcmea

omeepaut,:,

He6ecn(uo\

nHcaHO 60 ecTb: Boaeepauna u mou

eocnoda

nencmb

nu1 npenumaemi

so

ceoio, en>Ku.

KHR» YMA; H6O COJIOMOHI TAKO w e peMe: Jlynute

edum

cMucAem,

«AacmeAUH-b 6en sane

otce Mydpuxb

Xpa6pa,

nave

decxmu

ejiadrb>omuxb

yMa,

MbicAb

do6pa.

K i i H w e , 6op3C> a o 6 y j e u i b , a y M e H i

flopon>.

Daniel the Exile'* Lament

145

Myflpuxi nojnpj nptnKH h rpagu TBepnu; x p a Q p u n me nompt cnn[b]HK , a CeayMH»: Ha rtxi. 6iiBaen> nofrfefla. Mho3h 60 onojnajoTCH Ha 6oji[b]mafl rpaou, a ct. cbohii [rpami] c i xeHbinHxi ccfcflaxm.. Hnome peie CBHTOCJiaBT. •, cuht, OjibmHHi", HAa" Ha IJapbrpaxi Majion ApymHHO»: •He b^aomo u u ecTb, Gparae, rpamy jih o n Haci> mrbHeHy forni, hjih Cyflen. Haiti o n rpana norHHjrrH?«... * KHHwe moh , rocnoflHHe I AbT. 60 He BO A4>HH^Xlf pOCTOXl", HH o n $HJIOCO$t. HayHHxcH, ho 6hxi na^afl a«H niena no paajiHqHuirb iibìtomi" h orryny HaCnpa/i cjiaflocrb cJioBecHy» H COBOKynJIHH MynpOCTb, HKO BT. M^Xl BOffy MOpCKyn. KHHHte moh, rocnoAHHel He ocTaBH MeHe, hko oreub moh h Mara moh ocTaBHcra" mh, a tu, rocnoAHHe, npHHMH mhjiocthio CBoeio!

Khhwb moh, rocnoAHHel Hko me ay(h. KpinirrcH MHomecTBOMi KopeHHH, TaKO h rpafft Hann> TBoeio AepmaBO». KHHwe moh , rocnoAHHe ! KopaÒJiio rjiaBa kopmhhki, a TU, KHHTKe, JIIOfleMl CBOHMT>. Bha%xt> n o n u u " 6eai flofipa khhsh h peKoxi.": •Be^HKi. aB-fepb, a rjiaBu He Hirfcen..« 7KeHaMi> rjiaBa Mymb, a MymeMi KHH3b, a khhscmi 6on>! Hko me 60 nasoJioKa, HcnecTpeHa" MHorHMH mojiKH", KpacHO JiHue HBJiaen, TaKO H T U , KHHme Hauib, yMHHMH Goflpu

npeAO MHorHMH jik>a[i>]mh wecreHt ecH h no MHorHM*b CTpaHSMt cjiaBem hbhch .

HKO me HCBOAI He yAepmnrb BOAU , HO H36«paen MH0mecTB0 puGi, TaKO h t u , KHHme Haun>, He AepmHnib 6oraTecTBa, ho paaAaeiHb MymeMb CHnbHbiMi h coBOKynJinemb xpaCpbw. 3jiaTOMt 60 Mymen floGpux-b He AoCyAenib, a MymMH" 3JiaTo h cpe6po h rpaAOBi» AoSynenib. T-^mi h EaeKHH, uapb HapauneBiK, noxBaaHCH nocjioim 40 uapn BaBHJioHCKaro,

Rhetoric and Lyricism [H] nonaaa HMI MHomecTBo anaTa CBoero; OUH w e

peKOna:

» H a m b q a p b öorarfce Teöe He MHOwecTBOMi» a n a T a , HO MHOWECTBOMI x p a ß p b j x i . H M y j p u x i , jiioaeH.i Bona MaTH p u ß a M i , a

TU,

Hamb,

KHHWE

JIIOAEMI

CBOHMT>.

GecHa yKpamaerb 3eMJiio uB-feTti, a TU Haci>, KHHJKe, yKpauiaeuiH MHJIOCTHIO CBoe». KHH>«e MOH , r o c n o s H H e ! Ce

60

6bijn.

ecMH

BT> BEJINU-TN

HYW«

H

nenaJiH

H noAT» paöOTHbiMi HpMOMT» nocTpa^axi.; B C e TO H C K Y C H X T > ,

H K O 3JIO

eCTb.

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FLHY

ero

ne

H36HTH

nepHOCTH

H

HOKCHHH;

Tano we H x o a o n y : ame 60 nane M t p u ropaeJiHBi. 6hjit> H ÖYHBI, HO y K o p y eMy CBoero He H36UTH, —

xojioribH HUEHH.

Jlymiie

TBOEMI,

HEMEJIH

6bi

MH

MEAT

BOFLA Ü H T H 4 4 IIHTH

BT> N O M Y

BT. S O N P C R T M I

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jiymue 6bi MH BopoßeH HcneneHi npHHMaTH on> pyKH TBOen, HewejiH SapaHbe

njieMO on> r o c y s a p e w

3Jibixi>.

MHoraw^bi 60 oßp^TaioTCH paSoraue xjrfcöu a«H ne.ibJHb BO y c r t x i , H m i m e Moe CT> njiaMeMi pac.TBopHxi>. floöpy

rocnoaHHy CJiyma, HOCJiy>KHTCH CBoßo^bi,

a 3-iy rocnoaHHy c j i y w a , ÄOCJiy>KHTCH 6oJi[b]miie paöoTii. *

KHHwe MOH , rocnoaHHe I KoMy IlepecjiaBJibh, a M H i KOMy BorojiioßoBoi,

TopecJiaBJib;

a MHt rope nioToe;

KOMy B t j i o o s e p o J, a MHIS nepH-fee CMOJIH; KOMy Jlane o a e p o , a mh^ MHOTO nnawa Hcn0JiHeH0, aaHe nacTb MOH ne npopacie 4 ' BT. Hewb. ,Iipy3H MOH H ÖUHWHHH MOH oTBepromacH MeHe, aaHe He n o c T a B J i n x i n p e f t i HHMH T p a n e a u , MH0r0pa3JlHMHblMH ÖpaillbHbl yKpameHbl. MHOSH

«py>«aTCH

co

MHOIO,

npocTHpaiome

pyKH

CBOH

Hacjiawaioiue

ropTaHb CBOH nwejiHHhiMi

BT> COJIHJIO,

napoBaHHeMi,

Daniel the Exile's

147

Lament

a npH HanacTH nane Bpaan oCpfrraioTCH h naKH noMoraiome noflpasHTH Horn moh; oiHMa BOcnJiamoTCH o Mirfe, a c e p f l u e M i Boac»rbion> mm c h . T è m i H-fecTb mh B-fcpbi h t h

npyry,

h h Hajj-feHTHCH Ha 6 p a T a , h h Ha a p y r a . A m e jih h t o HMtio, nomHByTb c o m h o » ; a m e jih He hm^io, t o c K o p o OTJiynaTCH o t t . MeHe. T ì m t . w e , KHHwe moh, rocnoftHHe, BOnHIO KT> Te6e, OflepHtHMT. HHEHeTOK). H e J i r a " 60 mh PoCTHCJiaBi

KHH3b k :

»JIyM[b]uie 6 l i mh CMepTb, HewejiH K y p c K o e KHJuxeHHe«. TaKO Hte M y w y : Jiywbiiie CMepTb, HemejiH npoAOJiiweHi jkhbott> bt> Hnmerfc. C e r o paAH C o j i o m o h i r n a r o n e n » :

Eozambcmsa U yóoMcecmea ne dau o*ce MU, eocnodu: oSoeamrbn, eocnpuuMy eopdocmb u 6yecmh, a 90 yóoMcecmetb noMbiuuuuo n a mam[*]6y u Ha poaóou, a otcenu na 6aydb. C e r o paRH, KHnwe moh, rocnoflHHe, npHTeKOxi k o oCuiH'feH TBoeH jiioGbh H HeCTpaiIIHMÌ>H m h j i o c t h , 6-fcma" y 6 o w e c T B a , aKH poTHHKa a j i a , aKH OTb JIHUa SMHHHa, soBbiH' 0 r j i a c o M i 6 j i y s H a r o c t i H a , e w e »IloMHHH mh,

pewe:

cnace.«"

T-feMi h a3i> B o n n » t h : IIomhhh mh, cbrne BeJiHKoro k h h 3 h

BceB0Ji0fla>,

« a He B03njiam0CH a3T>, JlHUieHT> MHJIOCTH TBOeH, aKH A ^ a M i

pan.

OSpaTH TyHIO MHJIOCTH TBOeH Ha 3eMJiio xyaocTH Moen : « a B03BeceJiiocH o u a p t

CBoeMi,

HKO OCp-feTaH KOpblCTb MHory s j i a T a , Bocnoio, h k o HanoeHt BHHa, B03BeCeJlK>CH , HKO HCtlOJIHHT. TeillH IlyTb. 3eMJiH nJiOAt aaen> o C k j i h h , a p e B e c a 0B0ny> ; a Tbi H a M i , KHHwe, 60raTCTB0 h

cnaBy.

B c h 60 npiiTeKawrb kt> T e C t h o6p1;TaioTT. o r b nenajiH H36aBJieHHe; cnpoTbi, x y a u e , o t i S o r a T u x i

noTonjineMH,

aKH kt> 3acTynHHKy TenJiOMy, ki r e d

npH6-feraion>.

riTeHijbi paayioTCH n o A t KpbiJioMa" MaTepH CBOeH, a mm Bece;iHMCH n o ^ i s e p w a B O i o TBOeH. H36aBH mh, rocnoAHne, ott> HHiueru,

Rhetoric and Lyricism AKH M U M J OTT> KJIHNUU, •

HCTOprHH Mfl O T I CKyflOCTH MOeH,

HKO cepHy

OT K O X T H X b " y COKOJia. H w e 60 BT> n e i a n u

KTO M y w a

npH3pim>,

TO aKH BOAOIO CTyfleHO» HanOHTT. B"b AeHb 3HOH. KHHWE MOH, rocnoAHHeI P w a •fecrb wejrfeao, a newajib y m , lejiOB-feKy. rHHert,

H K O CJIOBO MHOROPAAJIHBAEMO

T a « o H NEJIOB-FEKI o r b MHORA C t f t u x y f f f e e n . ; newanbHy HeJioB-fcuy a a c u m i o T i "

KOCTH.

BCHKT> BHAHTT. y A p y r a c y w e u i

BO OMHIO,

a y ce6e HH CpeBHa He BHAHTB. BCHKT. M e j i o a t m . XHTPHTC. H MyapHTT. o HioHrfeH 6-FEFFFE, a 0 CBoev H cMbicjiHTH He

Mowen.

KHHHie MOH , rocnoAHHe! H K O me Mope He HanoJiHHTCH, MHora p t K H

npneMJiH,

TaKO H flOMT. TBOH He HanOJIHHTCH, MHOHtecTBO 6oraTbCTBa npneMJiH, saHe pyivfc TBOH HKO o 6 n a K i

CHJiem,

B3HMafl OTb MOpH BOAbI, OTb CoraTbCTBa AOMy TBoero, T p y C H " BT> p y l f b T-BMI H a s i

—

HeHMymHXl.

B w a f l a x i " MHJiocepjHH

TBoero...

KHFLWE MOH, rocnoAHHe! H e OTPHHH p a 6 a

cKop6«maro,

HE JIHUIH MEHE JKHBOTA CBoero! H K O OHH paGbiHH BT> p y u t TAKO OHH HauiH BT> p y n y

rocnoma"

cBoen,

TBoeio,

HKO aai» pa6i> TBOH H CMHI p a 6 u Hacbiiuancfl MHoropa3JiH4HUMH

TBoea.

GpauiHii",

NOMHHH MH, c y x i . xjrfe6i> H A y m a r o " ; BeCeJIHCH CJiaflKHMT. nHTHeMT», o6jianaHCH BT> KpacoTy p n a i TBOHXT>, DOMHHH HH, B*b HeHcnpaHHiiMT» Bp'tTHiifH Jiewama; Ha MHRKOH nocTeJiH noMHHH MH, noAb eAHHOMT. py60Mi> Jiemaiuaro, 3HMOK> y M H p a i o m a r o , KanJiHMH AOHi.

KTO H e y C T p a n o r r c H ?

JleBi. p u K H e n , A

Lament

peneuiH,

KHHwe,

KTO H e

HKO

WE 6 0

TaKo

H TU, KHHwe H a m b ,

3jiaT0

8MHH C T p a m e H i

yfoircn?

CBHcraHaem

C B o m ,

MBOMECTBOM*

rposern.

BOI.

meaaut,

KpacoTa

a T U , K H f l W e , JHOA6Ml> C B O H M l . TFCJIO K p t n H T C H a

nu,

HUUiaMH,

KHflHte, TBoeio

IlTeHqu

aepmaBOio.

paoyioTCfl B e e r t ,

a

unsmfiRUH

xaTepi,

a M U , KHIIWE, Tefrfe. T y c j i H CTpoHTCH a

rpajn> Hamb

HKO w e

60

nepcTu",

TBoeio

nepwaBon.

CCNP&H n r e H i p j ,

pn6i>,

H e TOKMO CBOH,

HO H o n .

RRÒAJRB NPHHOCHTL HHQA,

Bocnoerb,

peie,

pn6i>, coBOBen.

p o f l H H HXHTE H e POAH;

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TaKO H T U ,

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—

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AOMOIBAUä*1,

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—

irreHija,

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KT> T e 6 i ,

npHTenaiomafl

B - f c n y m e TBOK) o C u H H y i o

MHJIOCTI>.

K H H S b 6 0 M H J I O C T H B l , HKO HCTOHHHKT, T H X l , H e TOKMO CKOTU H a n a n e n . , *

MOH,

KHHwe

HO H l e a O B - F E K H . . .

rocnoAHHe!

B c H K O M y A B O p H H H H y H M ^ T H l e C T b H HHJIOCTb y Ho

JiH e M y

MUKaTHCH

[BI

CKOpfrfcxi]

HKO 0K0J10 Typa c i TonopoMi, AKH HA CTCH C I KTO m e

To

HHKTO w e

KJIOCYKOMI.

Mowen. Mowen>

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AoCpo

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BHA^TH,

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ötraione,

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He

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we He

BHAaTH.

3naTO

60

HCKyiiiaeTCH

nenoBtKi

nmeHHua

60

XJRFCÖI IHCTI. a

OAHOMI. MOKJIOKÌ,

HE BHASTH.

Temía a

nocTHrayTH. 06t

A U M H u e He

Tepirfeßt,

oraeMi,

HanacTbMH. MHoro

MyiHMa

HBJIHEN,

q e J i O B - f c K i , 6-fejp.i n o f f i e M J i H ,

CMMCJieirb H y M e m

oCpÍTaeTCH.

A m e KTO H e CUBAJRT BO MHOTHXT,

CÍA^XI,

KHH8H.

Rhetoric and Lyricism HKO [ .

.

.

.]",

H

HTCTH

BL> H6M1>

BL>>KeCTBa.

HHKTO w e MOHfen> CTptjioio 3B-fc3Au BUCRPTJIHTH, HH BT> HanaCTH CMUC.1HTH. He roHHBUiHCH nocjie uiepiiiHH ci> MeTJio», HH CKaxaBUiH co CTO.ina no r0p0X0B0 aepHO, AoCpa He BHjaTH. * HAH peneuiH, KHfl^e, c o j i r a . n . ecMb? T o Ka«o ecTb? A m e 6ti yM-fejn. ynpacTH, TO CejIHKO 6hIXT> kt> ToCt He CKOp61iJn.. Xl"feBKa norygjiHeTb CBOIO KpacoTy gjiyAHeio, a MyWb CBOK) HeCTb TaTbOoio. HJIH peMeiuH, KHnme: »}KeHHCH y 6oraTaro TecTH; Ty

neH

H Ty

M I . " ! «

J l y i i n e Co MH Tpncijeio Co.TfeTH: TpHCUa 60, nOTpflCMM", nyCTHTT., a 3Jia meHa H AO CMepTH cyiiiHn,. T j i a r o j i e n 60 CH BT> MHPCKHXT> n p H T i a x i : Hu nmuifa eo nmui^axb cwib\ HU E7> AERBPRBXB aenpb eotcb; HU pu6a ffb pu6arb paKb\ HU CKomb N cKomibxrb K03A\ HU xoAoni erb xoAonnxb, xmo y xoAona pa6omaemh; HU Myotcb erb Myjtcmxb, Kmo MceHbi cAyuiaemb . . . . E j i y f f b BO 6jiya-fexT>, KTO noHMen, 3Jiy weHy n p n C b i T K a FL-FCJIH HJIH T e c T H To

jiynuie

6bi

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MH BOJIT> B H A ^ T H

CoraTa.

BT> A O M y

CBoeMi,

HewejiH HKeHa 60 3Jioo6pa3Ha noAoCHa n e p e i e c y : cioaa CBep6HTT>, ciOA'fe Cojiwrb. riaKH BHA"txT> CTapy HMH,S B I 3epiiaJio, H p e K o x i e n : »He ii030pyH** BT> 3epuajio, HO 3pn BT> nopocTy!« >KeH-fe 60 3JiooCpa3H"fe He AOCTOHTT> BT. nepuajio npHHHuaTii, Aa He BT. SoJibuiyio nenajib nnaaeTT., BoaptuiBe Ha Hejrfcn0TbCTB0 Jinua CBoero. HJIH pe i ieuiH, KHHwe: »nocrpHmncH BT. tepHUbi!« T o He BHaajii. ecMb MepTBeua,

Daniel Ha

the Exile's

cbhhhh taflff^H", h i

He "feflani ecMH o n

151

Lament qepTa Ha Cafrfe :

ny6bn

cmokbch,

HH o r b JIHIlbH CTa(})H^bH. JlyHIIie MH eCTb TaKO CKOHHaTH WHBOTb CBOH,

HewejiH, BocnpHRMuiH" aHreJi[b]cKKn oCpaa-b, C o r y c o n r a r a . JIOKU

60,

p e M e , Mupoeu,

Cory H e j i r t coJiraTH,

Mhosh 60,

OTuiefliue

a ne

6oey :

hh buoihhmt> H r p a r a . MHpa c e r o bo HHOHecKan,

h naKH BoaBpamaioTCH Ha MHpcKoe Hurrae, aKH neci> Ha

cboh

CjieBOTHHbi,

h Ha MHpcKoe roHeHHe;

o6hahtt>

cena

h aomu

cjiaBHbixt MHpa c e r o ,

h k o n c a jiacKocepAHM. H«4

we

Opaqbi" H

nHpoBe",

T y n e p H b i t b i h HepHHi^bi h

6eaaa«OHHe:

a H r e j i [ b ] c K i i H HM-fea Ha c e C t

o6pa3i>,

a SjiyAHOH H p a B i ,

hmìih

CBHTHTeJi[b]cKHH a oOtiHaeMT.

Ha c e S t

cam.,

noxaCem..

* KHHwe moh, rocnoaHHel

60 H [ . . . . ] " ,

KopOJIH3Hm (|>pH3H"n,

pblTHpH0,

MarHCTpoBeP, ayncoBe«, H r f e HM-fcwrb MeCTb H HHJIOCTb

y n o r a H b i x i cajrraHOBi. Hko

o p e j n > , h h t . B o c n a f f b " Ha

$apb,

otmslhbch WHBOTa; a HHbiH J i e T a e r b ct> uepKBH hjih ct> BucoKHe n o J i a T U , n a B o n o i H T b i n p u j i b i hmìh ; a hht> Han. T e ^ e r b bo o r H b : — noKaaaiome Kp-fenocTb c e p a e i n . cbohxi qapetn> cbohmi; a hhi, npoptaaB-b jiijctm, o6Ha>KHBT. kocth rojieHen cbohxt> , O i r a e n . i p e s i noTpyMHe,

Kawerb

uapeBii

HBJiHeTb eMy a

CBoeMy,

xpaOpocTb

cboio;

HHbiH, CKOHHBT», MeTaeTCH BT> Mope

buco k a c o kohcmt» cbohmi, oih HawpuBi $apeBH, y a a p n e n . n o Ce^paMi [ . . . ] ' * a hhi, npHBH3aBi> BepBb ko npecTy uepKOBHOMy,

co 6pera

a npyrHM KOHeui

h ct. uepKBH

no

kt> 3eMJiH O T H e c e n .

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eaHHOK) pyKOK) 3 a KOHeilT. B e p B H TOH a e p w w T b , a bi

apyroH

pyirfc A e p w a m e

a HH*b, 06BHBCH

Mesb

Han.;

MOKpUMT, nOJIOTHOMl,

CopeTCH C"t JIIOTblM'b 3B"fepeMl.

*

152

Rhetoric and Lyricism T y 60 ocraHy MHoro raaroJiaTH, Aa He BO MHOS-fc rjiaroJiaHHH p a 3 H o m y

y»n> CBOH

H 6 y n y HKO W I X I YRJRB, T p y c H CoraTbCTBa BT> pyivfc HH-feMi, M ynoao6jiiocH wepHOBOMi, m « e

JIIOAH

Hacumaion.,

a B I c e 6 e He M o r y n > HancuiHHTH >KHTa. fla

He B03H6HaBHAeHi> 6 y n y

MHoroio 6ecfeAOio,

HKO HIM1>A OpjIOMl no«T> oCjiaKhi'. IIoMHHUieTb10 6o, — pene, — r r b p B b i x i BpeMern» ycoCHut 11 . Tor«a nymameTb1* AecHTb COKOJIOBI H a cTaao JIEGEA'TH; K O T O p u H 1 ' aoTename1*, Ta n p e s H rrfecHb n o H u i e " C T a p o M y flpocnaBy«, x p a C p o M y McTHCJiaByi, HH c j i a B y

pOKOTaxy1'. »o

HBIH-FE-

u i H H r o H r o p n , n m e HCTHrny y M b 1 ' K p t n o c T H i o CBoeio H n o o c T p H c e p n u a

ÜOHHeMT»

we,

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noBtcTb

CH»

o n

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CTaparo

BjiasHMepas

H a B e n e CBOH

xpaCpuH nJiiKu

Ha

*

Torfla Hropb BT.sp'fc Ha CB-feTJioe c o J i H u e H BIQ-fc on. iiero T b M o i o BCH CBOH npHKpuTbi. H pene Hropb K I «PYWHH-fe C B o e n : »BpaTHe H ApywHHO I Jiyne'1 m i 6 b i n o r n T y " 6UTH, Heme n0Ji0HeHy 6MTH ! BCHFLEMT., gpaTHe, Ha CBOH 6i>p3biH KOMOHH, na no3pmvn> cwnero JJoHy.«

BOH"

A

C n a J i a " KHH3K> y M b n o x o T H " , H w a n o c T b e M y 3HaMeHHe a a c r y r i H

HCKycHTH

floHy BeJiHKaro. »Xomy 6o, — pene, — Konwe npH.IOMHTH KOHeub" nojin nonoBeunaro; CT. B a M H , P y c H i i H * * , xomy r j r a B y CBOW npuJiowuTH, a JIIOCO HCNHTH uiejiOMOMb floHy.«...

^ Tpy6u

TPYÓHTB BT> HOBTRPAA'FEHI

CTOHTb C T H 3 H " BT> FlyTHBJl'fe 1'

Hropb >Kflen> MHJia 6paTa BceBOJiona.

The Igor Tale

155

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156

Heroic

and Epie

Literature

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CH KONNEM-B NPNJIAMATH,

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164

Heroic and Epie Literature

1 4 BU dat. : m i . Onmerv i m p / , (eond.) 3 tg. : G u n . • Oparae DOC. : Oparan /. coll cnoBecu i t u t r . pl. : CJTOBO. * TVH - TO« dat. : Ta. * EOHIOO dot. tg. : E o n a b adj. pott. : 1 Bonn. ' pacrbKameTCH imp/. S tg. : pacTbKaTBca. ' m a a u M * - CBSUMV oQjiaiui 14 11 i n t t r . pi. : o & n a n . noMBHinen. i m p / . 3 pi. : nOMbaara. ycoOairb acc. pi. : ycoOaqa 11 11 14 nymameTb imp/. 3 tg. : nyiuaTB. KOTopun gen. tg. : KOTopan. floreiame imp/. 3 ig. : 11 Roreia — flOTenm. 11 n o n m e i m p / . 3 ig. : n-bra. WHBAH - M B U H acc. pi. f . : M a n . " BVSKJiaAame i m p / . 3 tg. : BicmiaAaTB. " poHOTaxy i m p / . 3 pi. : poKoraTB. " yub jm. u •• BCH CBOH BOH acc. pl. Jiyue - n y i m e . " noTHTy p. p. p., dat. : IIOTHTB. » c n a n a aor. 44 3 tg. : c(i)nanaTB. noxoTa instead of noxoTBio. " Koaeub prep, with gen. " Pycaoa — PycnB. " CTH3B nom. pl. : CTHII. " ecBb pr. 1 du. : OUTH. " Jiyiia nom. pl. : J i y n . 41 11 BJUQB nom. pl. : BJIIKI. ITB gen. tg. : sbCTb. DTBH. /. coll. " CBHCTb - CBBCTV M BWraaOa «houId read B i cra(n) CbQa. 44 p o a i m p . 2 tg. : peuia, here ado. 44 irrmub - i r m b . " ycne aor. 3 ig. : y c ( i ) n a y T a . " p a c c y m a c n aor. 3 pi. : paccyTacn. " opbT-hMaaa i n j i r . pi. : 41 opbTmaH^ " Komyxu irulr. pi. : H o w y x i . y a o p o i b a instr. pi. : y a o p o i b e . " aeunt — 44 Benne DOC. tg. 44 n o p o c a nom. pl. : n o p o x v BceB0Ji0Ab *= BceBOJione DOC. 44 nocKOHHme 44 41 imp/. 2 tg. : nocKOiBTB. OTHJI gen. tg. : OTbHb adj. pott. : OTbub. KOHUTU inatr. pi. : 41 HOnuTO. HBHBTb p r . 3 tg. HBHaTB. " manowaMB iruir. pl. : m&jiomb — majiocn». 44 41 41 n r a a b — nTBib. >KJIN - MENU. MUHOIB pr. a. p. : xuxaTH, MUIIO. 44 p o r t loe. tg. : 44 44 44 pon. a p K y i a - p K y i a pr. a. p. : p e m a . KOBaxy i m p / . 3 pi. : KOBaTB. aapamyiue 44 p r . a. p. : aapacKaTB. " e t u i n x y i m p / . 3 pi. : BMani. jiwy acc. pi. : n w i — J I M U . 44 41 " y c n a m p . a. p. : y c i n a r a . BUTopme aor. 3 tg. : B b i T p i r a y r a . CBflTicjiaBJia Ioc. tg. : 44 m C B f m c J U M b adj. pott. : C u m c J i a t v noJlOBiUKUH gen. tg. y u u m a a o r . 3 pi. : ynuTB. 44 44 noBBie aor. 3 tg. : noBBKByTB. o n t s a x y T b a n d the following form» i n (he tame sentence 44 i p u a x y T b , c u n a x y T b imp/. 3 pi. : ovbBaTB, MpinaTB, cunaTB. weHiion» — meMiiorb. 11 •• H t r y i o r a p r . 3 pi. : HiirosaTB. a j i a T O B p i d i H i Ioc. tg. : a n a T O B p i x t . " Burpaaxy i m p / . 3 pi. : BisrpaflTB. " 6-brna i m p / , (aor.) 3 pi. : OUTB. " p n o m a aor. 3 pi. : p e m a . " noirkpKOCTa — noubpKOCTa aor. 3 du. : noMbpKHyTB. " n o r a c o c r a aor. 3 du. : noracayTB. 14 " noBOJiOKOCTa aor. J du. DOBOJIOMHCH. " npocTpomaca aor. 3 pl. : n p o c r p ^ T a c H . napHjtut adj. pott. n. : n a p A y s i - n a p n y c i . " B p i m e c n aor. 3 tg. : Bp-butacn. " O p e a i Ioc. tg. : 44 Open — Cpirb. " caaeMy uopio dat. pott. niapoKaaio acc. tg. : m a p o K a a b adj. pou. : 41 41 mapoKaat. c u a o B i n — cuuoBbita nom. du. : cuaoBbKb. MeiB instr. pi. : Meib. 44 " onojrtCTe . . . n p o n a n c r e - oAOJiiurra, npoJiancTa aor. 2 du. Baio gen. du. : BU. 44 x a p a 44 41 o y r b Ioc. tg. : x a p a i i y r b . CTBOpBCTe - OTBOpHcra aor. 2 du. KHflwe a d j . pott. n. : 44 44 41 KHHHtb. " BBie — BBSbTO. y BI. Becjiu inair. pi. pesaa-b - p t a a a t . 44 44 44 raJiatKU — rajiaibCKU. OCMOMUCJT6 = OcMOMucJie voc. n o n n e p i p. a. p. : nojrv44 44 np^TH. O p e n e a u in « e aor. 3 sg. : c b n p m n a . 4 1,4 111 *' s a n e aor. 3 tg. : a a n K a y T B . CMopua — c i m p i v nom. pl. : c i M i p n . noracoma 114 114 aor. 3 pi. : noracayTB. B i u i y i r b — B i c m y t r b aor. 3 tg. : Bicmyx-bTB. nonsaaama 114 114 aor. 3 pi. : nooBasaTB. n p e T p i r o c r a aor. 3 du. : n p e n p r B y T B . a o m p i m a p . a. p. : noMtpbTB. 1 , 4 m t — a i i r t Ioc. tg. : AIBO. " ' Oepeab Ioc. tg. : Oepen>. 114 y a u m a aor. 3 pi. : 114 1,4 yauTB. BcrpocKOTama aor. 3 pi. : B(i)CTpocKOTaTB. r p a a x y T b i m p / . 3 pi. : rpaaTB. m 114 DoiunKoma aor. 3 pi. : noMuiKHyTB. pocrp'bJiHeBii a n d onyTaeB'b in the tame postage 144 144 144 pr. 1 du. B-fc du. : MU. n b s a u e — AbBBtrb gen. sg. : A b s a a a . aaio acc. d u . : MU.

4

» Igor, t h e son of S v ' a t o s l a v , g r a n d s o n of Oleg Gorlslavli ( f r o m w h o m t h e ¿ e r n l g o v princes descended), Prince of Novgorod-Severak (1151-98), l a t e r Prince of Ôernlgov (1198-1202). b B o j a n , a n obscure p e r s o n a g e c o m m o n l y assumed t o be a R u s s i a n scald w h o c o m posed heroic poems t o several p r i n c e s (eleventh c e n t u r y ) . « Jaroslav t h e Old, Great P r i n c e of Kiev (1019-54). d Mstlslav t h e Brave, J a r o s l a v ' s b r o t h e r , Prince of T ' m u t a r a k a n ' (1016-36), on t h e T a m a n ' peninsula between t h e Sea of Azov a n d t h e Black Sea. « R e d e d ' a , prince of t h e K a s o g s (ancestors of t h e Cherkess), killed by Mstlslav In 1022. t R o m a n t h e Fair, Prince of T ' m u t a r a k a n ' , killed by his allies, t h e Polovtslans, in 1079. ( Vladimir t h e Old, p r o b a b l y V l a d i m i r I t h e Great (979-1015) or V l a d i m i r M o n o m a c h u s (b. 1053-d. 1125), Prince of fcernlgov (1078), Great Prince of Kiev (1113). h Novgorod-Seversk on t h e D e s n a River, t h e c a p i t a l of t h e p r i n c i p a l i t y .

The Igor Tale

165

I Putlvl', a city In the principality of Novgorod-Sevenk on the river Sejm, an affinent of tbe Dnieper. J Vsevolod, Prince of Trubievsk and Kursk (d. 1196), Igor's brother, k Kunk, a city on the Sejm River In the principality of Novgorod-Severs*. I Tbe aolar eclipse occurred on May 1, 1185. KopcyHflb, npnae* 6e36o>«HhiH u a p s BaTtiiic Ha Pyccnyio 3eMJII0

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167

The Narrative of Batu Khan's Invasion of R'azan' 6paHb c i

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Heroic

and Epic

Literature

HJ1H MamOMl O OTUH R O MaTepH, HH 6paTy o Gparfc, HH 6JIHWHeMy p o a y , HO BCH BKyrrfe MepTBU jiewawa. M CHH BCH HaBe^e 6on> rp-fexi pa^H Haumxi». Bea(5owHUH uapb BaTUH, BHAH BeJine npojiHTHe KpoBH xpecTbHHCKHH, B03bflpHCH 3"fe.io h oropiHCH, h noHAe Ha rpaAi> Cya^ajib H Bna^HMepb 0 , wenan Pyccnyio 3eMJiio BCIO nonjrbHHTH, H B t p y KpeCTbHHCKyfO HCKOpeHHTH , H UepKBH SOWHH AO OCTaHKa pa30pHTH. *

H H-tKHH on> BeJibMOWb peaaHCKHXi, HMHH6M*b EynaTHH KonoBparbP, BT> TO BpeMH 6blJI1> BT> MepHHrOB'b CO KHH3eMT> llHTBapeMl HHrOpeBKMeMll, 6MJIHil noflaTb cBoero rocyflapH, BeJiHKaro KHH3H IOpnH MHropeBHia PeaaHeKoro. M ycjibiiua npHXOAT. ajioB'bpHaro, uapn BaTUH HTO Hflerb co MHorHMH cnjiaMH Ha P y c c K y » 3eMJiio, H Hfle H3t> HepHHroBa M a n o » ApywHHOio H m a m e " CKopo. H BCK0p*fc npirfexa BT. 3eM.no PeaaHbCKyio H BHA'k en onycrfeBuiy, rpaAbi pasopeHbi, uepKBH nowweHbi, JIIOAH no6beiiu. M npnnia BO rpaAi> PeaaHb H yBHfl-fe r p a f l i paaopeHi, rocyAapH ÍIOGHTH H MHOwecTBO HapoAa Jiewame, OBH noObeHbi H noc-feweHhi, a HHH no3weHbi", HHH BI p-fcu-fe HCTOnJieHbi. M BCKpuia EynaTHH BI> ropecTH Ay ma CBoen H pacnajiancn" BI> cepAUH CBoeMi>. M co6pa Mano ApywHHbi, Tbicnmy H ceMbcorb MejiOBtKT., noTopbixT. Con. C06JH0Ae", 6biuia 60 BHt r p a « a . M norHama BT. cn-fcAb 6e36owHaro uapn BaTbin, xoTHiue nHTH CMepTHyio naiuy CT> CBOHMH rocyaapbMH paBHo, H eABa yraauia ero BT. 3CMJIH Cy3AajibcrfeH 5 '. M BHeaany Hanaaowa Ha CTaHU BaTbieBu H Hanauia efciH 6eai MHJIOCTH. H CMHTouia" HKO BC-fc noJiKU TaTapcKbiH. TaTapoBe w e CTauia HKO FIHHHU , ajin HCHCTOBUH EynaTHH Tano HXT. Sbnuie HeiuaAHO, HKO H MenH npHTynnuiacH, H eMJia TaTapcKHH Menu H cfesawe HXT. HemaAHO. TaTapoBe MHHUia", HKO MepTBH Bocxama. EynaTHH, CHJibHbiH nojimj TaTapbCKbiH npo'fcsmaH, GbHine HXI. HeiuaAHO, H ^ a h no noJiKaMT. TaTapCKHMT. xpa6po H MymecTBeHHO, HKO H caMOMy uapio noCoHTHCH. M eABa noHMauia orb nojiKy EynaTHeaa riHTb HejiOB^Ki BOHHbCKHXi, H3HeM0ruiHxi> orb BCJIKKHXT. pam., H npitBeAoiua HXT. KT> uapio BaTbiio. M uapb BaTUH Hana BonpouiaTH: »Koen B t p u eCTfi Bbi, h Koen aeMJiH5', h MTO MH-6 MHOTO ana TBopHTe?« OHH w e p i i u a * 0 : » B t p u KpeCTHHHCKHH eCB'fe'1, pa6H BeJiHKaro KHH3H lOpbfl MHTOpeBHHa Pe3aHCKaro, a o n nojiKy EynaTHeBa KojioapaTa, — nocJiaHH orb KHH3H MHTBap« llHropeBH4a PeaaHCKaro Te6n, cnjibHa uapn, noMTHTH H necTHO np0B0AHTH H MeCTb T06^ B03AdTH. J^a He nOAHBH, U»piO: He yCn^BaTH HaJTHBaTH Mauiy Ha BeJiHKyio CH^y, paTb TaTapcKyio.« Uapb we noAHBHCH OTBiiTy HXI MyApoMy. U nocjia uiypHHa CBoero X o CTOBpyjiar Ha EynaTHH, a c i hhmi CHJibHbiH nojiKM TaTapcKHe. XocTOBpyjib me noxBaJiHCH npeAi> uapeMi, XOTH" EynaTHH mHBa npeai uapA npHBecTH. M CTynHiuacH CHJibHUH no;iKH TaTapcKHH, XOTH EynaTHH >KHBa HTH. XOCTOBpyni> w e c i t x a c n c i EBnaTHeMi. EynaTen we, ncnojiHHi CHJIOW, HaixaBb H paadkne XocTOBpyna Ha nojiu ao c-feAJia,

The Narrative

h

of Batu

Khan's

cbiH

Hanauia

cany

Invasion

a

Ha n o j i b i

HHbixT. n o

TaTapoBe

bhah

no6mna,

Kpaaua".

BoaConuiacH,

EynaTHH

h

HaBaAHUia

h

Hanauia

M

eABa

h

npHHecouia

L(apb

CaraTwpeH B a m e a u x i

npecfeKoma",

crfefljia

we

171

R'azan'

TaTapcKyw,

h MHorHxi T y n . H a p o m r r u x i

obhxi>

of

Kp-fen«a

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Hero

6hth

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ero rfejio ero

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n0p0K0Bi>

ct> e r o H H C J i e H U X T .

HeMi>

nocna

npeai

no

BaTun.

uapn

Mypau

H no KHH3H OpSHHCKHH H nO CaHHaK6%H. H H a w a u i a ahbhthch x p a C p o c T H h n p - f e n o c T H h Ohh

me

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peKoraa

»Mill Ha a

peaaHCKOMy

rocnoflCTBy.

ijapio: CO MHOrHMH

i;apH

MHornxi» C p a H e x t TaKHxi

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h

yaajibuoBi

HH OTIIH H a i n H

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ah hi> ct. T u c H m e i o , a A B a ct> tomo». hhxt> n e M o r n e r k cbtxaTH whbt. c i noCoHcua.« SbHuiaca

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e

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ropaaflo ecu Manoio «a

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Aauia

noOoHme ene

rbjio

mhbu

nojiKH y

cyme,

orb

ero

ero

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ecu,

Te6e

MeHH T a K H H

6mxt>

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pe M e p H H r o B a

bt>

bo cboio OTiHHy. H bhah e n n y c T y h y c j i u u i a , mto 6 p a T b n e r o bcì noÓHeHU o n . H e n e c T H B a r o a a K O H o n p e c T y n H H K a , u a p n B a T b i n , h n p H H j j e bo r p a A i > P e a a H b , h bhah r p a A * p a a o p e H i , a MaTepb cboio h choxh cboh h cpoahhki> cbohxt. h MHOwecTBO M H o r o e M e p T B b i x i j i e » t a m a , h 3eM.nn n y c T a , r p a j i . p a 3 o p e H i > , uepKBH nonoKeHu, h B e e y a o p o H t e bt. K a s H t q e p H n r o B c n o n h ph38lhckoh bshto . Bhah K H H 3 b M H T B a p b U H r o p e B H H b B e J i H K y w KOHeMHylO n o m 6 e j i b r p 1 > x i p a A H HaiUHxi, h w a n o c T H O B O C K p H H a u i e hko T p y C a . p a T H r j i a c i noaaBaiomn, 3eMJiK> P e 3 a H C K y i o ,

172 hko

Heroic and Epic cJiaAKHH apratrb B-tmawmn,

Jiemaiiie Ha

aeMJiH

hko

h o t i

MepTBi,

Literature

Bejmnaro

kph4&hhh

eflBa orbJibHiua®7 e r o

h

h

BonJin crpaniHaro

Hocniiia no B-fcTpy,

h

h eflBa o t x o a h aviua e r o b i h6mi> . Kto

60 ne BoanjiaMeTCH

tojihkhh

norn6eJiH?

H.HI KTO lie B03pbiaaeTT> O Ce.lHIvfc'* Hapo^-t jiioahh? hjih k t o He noHiaJiHTb MHOwecTBa

rocyaapeH

H XpaOpblXl BOeBOJT. H HapOHHTbiXb niOfleH , Hanpaciio HywHoro CMepTH» CKOHHaBuiacn? hjim k t o He n0CT0Hen> cHueBaro*' rurfcHeHHH? KHH3b llHTBapb MHropeBHHb, pa36upan Tpynna MepTBbixi, h Hawje r f c j i o uaTepn

CBoeu,

cboh,

npHSBa n o n u h3t> Been, KOTopuxi. 6on> coOjiiofle,

h

BejiHKHH

KHHrHHii

ArpemiHH

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n03Ha

h

choxh

norpeSe 7 0 MaTepb

h

CBOK) H CHOXH CBOfl H CpOAHHKH CBOH Cl> nJiaHeMT> BeJlllKIIMl. Bo nCaJlMOBb H irtcHeH MtcTO KpHiaiue BenbMH h puaarne.

M noxpaHnuie'1

npoiHH

Tpynn«

MepTBUXT). H OHHCTH rpaflT> H OCBHTH. H COCpailiaCH MaJIO JIIOAeH, H naCTb HMT> Mano yrtmeHHH. H naaiaCH SecnpecTaHHO, noMHHan MaTepb cboio h 6paTHK> cbok) h poacTBO CBoe h Bee y3opoHbe pe3aHCK0e, eme BCKop-fe n o r « 6 e . Chh bch Hana,e r p i x i

pa ah HauiHX-b! IIorH6e rpsmi h 3eMJiH PeaancKan, HSM^HHCH A06pOTa e n , h

He

S i

mto

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tokmo jujmt> h aeMJin h nenejrb, a uepKBH bch

noroptuia,

a caMa co6opHan uepKOBb BHyTpH n o r o p t h noHepHt. M ue 6 t

bo rpan-fc irfcHHH hh

BT> p a A O C T H

A orb h

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nnanb

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3B0Ha,

pUnaHHH 1

KHH3b HHrBapb MHropeBHHb noHfle, Hrft-fe" noCbeHH uapn EaTbin:

HenecTHBaro

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e r o , KHH3b

bcjikkhh

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KHH3b lOpun MHropeBHHb PesaHCKHH, KpacHbin,

h

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khhsl

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MHropeBHHb MypoMCKou, h 6pan> e r o , KHH3b r.Tfe6T> MHropeBHHb KojiOMeHCKOH, H BceBOJIOAl ripOHCKOH. M MHOrHH HHH KHH3H NffcCTHblH h Gonpe h BoeBoabi h Bee b o h h c t b o , h Kp-fenKHH MHornfl yAaJibuu h p*fc3Beubi, y3opoMHe h BocnHTaHne pe3aHCKoe, jiemauia Ha 3e.MJiH nycrfe, Ha TpaBis KOBbijrfe, CH-feroMi h JiesoMi n0Mep30uia' s , hhkhmt. CperoMH 7 4 , h o n . 3B-fepen Teneca hxt> cH-fcAaeMa75 h OTb MHomecTBa nTHiji pa3T»Tep3aeMa. B e t 6o Jiemauia KynHO, [KynHO] yMpouia, eAHHy nauiy n n u i a " M

BHAH KHH3b MHTBapb

CMepTnyio.

MHTOpeBHHb BeJIHH TpyllHH MepTBbIX"b JieHOIUa,

n BOCKpHna ropbKo BejineMT. r j i a c o M i , hko T p y f i a , p a c n a j i a n c n . Hanarna 6npaTH Tpynne CBoew,

MepTBbixi,

Be.iHKaro

khhou

h KHH3b MHTBapb MiiropeBHHb

TeoprnH

MHropeBHHa,

khhsh

pas-

B3H rfejio SpaTHH

flaBHAa

MHropeBima

MypoMCKaro h kiih3h F.TfcSa MHropeBH'ia KojioiweHCKaro, h BceBOJiOfla ripoHCKaro,

The Narrative

of Batu

Khan's

Invasion

of

173

R'atan'

H HH-fexT.77 KHH36H M"feCTHlJXT> H CBOHXl CpOflHHKOBT., H MHOrnxi

6onpi

H B0EB0AI

H GJIHJKHHXI

SHAEIMFN,

H MHOrHxi yAanbUOBi» H p"fe3BeuoBT>, yaopoHbe pe3aHCKoe! IIpHHece HXI BO r p a j i . PeaaHb H noxpaHHiue 7 ' nxt> wecTHO. A Hirfexi M H o r i r o Ty Ha »rfecTfc Ha nycrfe coGupame. H HaarpoCHoe i r f e u i a " . M noxpaHHiue KHHSI> HHRBAPB

MHROPEBHMB

H nonae

KO

rpaay

ilpoHCKy.

H c o 6 p a paaApo6jieHu y ^ u CpaTa CBoero, 6jiaroB-fepHaro xpHcrojiio6HBaro KHH3H O a b r a MHropeBHHa. H Hecouia ero BO rpa^i. PeaaHb, a necTHyio e r o r j i a B y catn> KHH3b BCJIMKHH HnrBapb MHropeBHMb H no r p a a a noHece H u-fcjiOBa » " JiK>6eaHO. M nonownuia ero c i BCJIKKHMI. KHHaeMt JOpbeMi HnropeBHMeirb BO eAHHOH patvfc* 1 . A SpaTbio CBOK>, KHHaew J^aBHAa MnropeBHMa « a KHHSH rjrfeòa H n r o p e B H i a , nojiowmua y Hon. HXT. 6JIH3t> rpoCa BO egHHOH panrfc. IIoHAe me KHHab HHrBapb MHropeBHMb Ha p i n y Ha BopoHemb, h a ì " y C n e r o 6 u c T b HHH3b eaopi> lOpbeBHib PeaaHCKOH, H B3H necTHoe H CBHToe r k n o e r o , H nnaKacH Hajn> HHMT. Ha n o u n , f a c t , H npHHece BO o6jiaerb e r o KT> BeJiHKOMy qy^oTBopuy HnKOjrb KopcyHCKOMy [M nojiowHiua H] H ero OjiaroB-fcpHyio KHHRHHIO EynpaKCHio, H CHHa HXT>, KHHSH MBana QeaopoBHMa IIocTHHKa, BO EAHHOMI. M t c r t H nocTaBHiua Hatin. HHMH TPH Kpeerti KaMeHbi. H o r b cen BHHU aa

AOBETCH

BCJIHKHH

KHFLRHHH EynpaKCHH

NYJIOTBOPEUB

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H CT> CWHOMT. CBOHMI, HHH3eui> MBaHOMt,

caiia

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aapaaHO. BjiarOBtpHUH BejIHKHH [KHH3b] HHrBapb MHropeBHMb, HapeMeHbiH bo CBHTOMI KPEMEHHH Ko3Ma, npnfle BO r p a ^ I PeaaHb, H CHA6 HA CTOJLFC OTUa CBoero, BejiHKaro KHH3H HHTOPH CBHTOcjiaBHHa, H O6HOBH 3eMJiio PeaaHCKyio, H UEPKBH nocraBH, H MOHacrapH corpaAH, H npHinenbuu yrfeinH, H JiioflH c o 6 p a . H SbicTb panocTb KpecTbHHOMi, HMiwe HaCaBH 6on> pyKOw CBoen Kp-fenKoio o n SeaCowHaro anoB-fcpHaro u a p n B a i w i . A K n p i MHxaHJia BceBOji0fl0BH4a y IIpoHCKaro noca«H Ha OTua e r o BceBono,na IIpoHCKaro OTMHHÌ IlpoHCKy •*. fla

6yaen> naMHTb yconniHMi 3a OTMHHy CBOIO H 3a B^fepy xpHCTHaHCKyio 1

AMHHI. 1 HHKOJiHHa gen. sg. : HHHOJIHHI adj. pott. : HHKOJiaH. 1 npRne aor. 3 sg. : npBTH. ' npoenma pr. a. p., • BOH in*(r. pi. : BOH. * era aor. 3 sg. : cram. ' p-fcirt loc. BEJIHKHH B0JI0A«MEPI> TAMO He B b c f c x a j n . 7 .

A HTMUH paAOBaxycn, Aajieie CyAyne aa CHHHMI MopeMi; BypTacH, MepeMHCH, BNNAP H Mopi>ABa SopTbHHqaxy HA KHHSH BEJIHKORO B o - n o s i i M e p a , H JKWPII MAHYHJII UTCAPEROPOACKBIH R, o n a c i HM^H,

176

Heroic noHe

h

and

Epic

Literature

BejiHKHH a a p u

nocujiame

m>

HeMy,

a6u noAi hhmi bbjihkijh KHH3b BoJiOAHMepi U t c a p w r o p o a a He b3hjit> . A

B~b TbI AHH [CblCTb] 6ojrfc3Hb

ort h

Be^HKaro

ao

H ao

flpocJiaBa

HUHHiiiHflro 6para

ero

h no

KpeCTHflHOMl, BoJio^HMepa,

flpociiaBa,

JOpbH,

KH«3H

BojiojHMepbCKaro.

xojimu,

oaepu and the following form» in the same passage : nojibMH, roponu, c e m j , • B H o r p a w , noMU, Gonpu iniir. pi. : oaepo, nojie, ropojn>, cejio, BHHorpaov aom>, incorr. gen. sg. : HTBflab coll. /. instead 0/ gen. pi. : flrBRai nom. pi. ' fluiniOMHMi pr. a. p., instr. sg. : AumaTH. ' crpamaxy imp/. 3 pi. : c T p a n u m . ' BbiHHKUBaxy imp/. J pi. : BtiHBKBBaTH. * BopoTu mstr. pi. ; BopoTa. ' Bbcbzam — rtntiun. 1

iojim-l/xuimi,

6ohpbht>. ' Htbrsh

flTBHn.

•

Hungary. Poland. • Czechia (Bohemia). d T h e Jatv'agi or Jatvlngi were a part of the Baltic group of people« between the r i v e r » Bug and Nlemen. • Lithuania. t Germany. g Karelia. h T h e most important city in the Northern Dvina region. I A Flnno-Ugric tribe settled on the river T o j m a , an affluent of the Northern Dvina. J T h e W h i t e Sea. k T h e capital of the Volga-Bulgarian khanate. > A little-known tribe between the Volga-Bulgarian and the Khazarlan khanates east of the Volga, or, possibly, of the Oka R i v e r . m T h e Cheremlssians or Marl, west of the Volga. n A Flnno-Ugrlc tribe settled west of the V o l g a river. o This genealogy from Vladimir Monomachus (d. 1125) through his son JuriJ, Prince of Vladimir-Suzdal', Great Prince of K i e v (d. 1157), down to Vsevolod (d. 1212), and the second genealogy (at the end of the t e x t ) f r o m Jaroslav I (d. 1054) through his great grandson V l a dimir Monomachus to the sons of Vsevolod, Prince Jurij of Vladimir (1219-38) and his brother Jaroslav, could serve as evidence that the text Is Indicative of the time of the T a t a r invasion of 1237 rather than of any other period, including that of Alexander NevsklJ. b

P A n unknown people, possibly the Finno-Ugric inhabitants of the region of the river V ' a t k a in northeast Russia. Q Greek: lord. • Manuel I, Byzantine Emperor (1143-80), was not on unfriendly terms with Vladimir Monomachus or with his successors. T h e following passage, however, seems to Indicate that a purely epic folk motif of the Greek emperors' veneration for the Russian princes was drawn Into the poem. This may be the source for the belief so characteristic of the period of the rise of Moscow that the tsars' regalia was inherited from Byzantium.

S O F O N I A OF R ' A Z A N : THE D O N T A L E Traditionally of the Great

Prince

c a l l e d Zadonscina Dimitrij

and

on a m a j o r political event Mamaj

Khan

and

(St. Petersburg,

and

known

Brother

in R u s s i a n

his T a t a r s

a l s o as The

at the Don

Biver,

Tale

of

the

Battle

t h i s p o e m is b a s e d

history, the crushing d e f e a t and rout

in 1380. T h e

plicated evolution, investigated noComue

His

mainly

1906), a n d b y

text

has been t h e o b j e c t o f a

b y S. S a m b i n a g o , Jan Frcek,

IIoBecTH o

Zadonstina

of

com-

MaMaeBOM

(Prague,

1948).

Sofonia of IVatan': The Don Tale

177

Composed in close imitation of The Igor Tale, the narrative represents an effort to revive the heroic style at the end of the fourteenth century (or the beginning of the fifteenth century) by creating a poem on the theme of victory. The Old Russian tradition of lyricism as necessarily connected with lamentation gives this poem of victory a characteristic tendency to deplore the victims of the battle and the cruelty of war. In spite of its dependence on The Igor Tale, The Don Tale is a highly poetic work in its own right. The text reprinted here is taken from the work of S. Sambinago.

3a^onni,HHa

Co$ohjm PASAM^a

. . . CHHflencH1, SpaTHH h ApysH h cbiHOBe pyccKie, COCraBHITb CJIOBO KT> CJIOBy,

BoaBecejiHtn. PyccKyn 3emiio, B03Bep3eMT>* n e q a j i b Ha BOCTOiny» c r p a H y bt>

Chmobi >«pe6HH», B03AaflHMT> noraHOxy uapio Maitajob ao&kjsy, a BeJiHKOuy khh3w flmrrpHio HBaHOBHiy« noxsajiy h CpaTy ero khabio BnaAHMHpy AHApeesHHyd.

H pueMi* TaKOBO CJIOBO:

JlyniH 4 60 Ham ecii>, Oparae, H a i a r a noB^naTH hhhmh wioBecu o n noxBajibHuxi chxi, orb HUH-feuiHHii iiob^cthh o noJiKy BeJiBKaro khhsh J^MHTpHH HBaHOBHia h 6paTa ero, khash BjiaAHMHpa ÁHApeeBina, npaBHyxoro BjiaAHMHpa KaeBCKaro*. HaiaTH noB^Aara no A p o t r e h no CujiHHam.. Ho npopasHMCH mhcjihio Ham aeujums, — noMHHem» nepBux-t jrfen BpeMeHa h noxBajiHMi. B-fcmaro EoHHa', b i KHeB-fc ropaBAHa ryAUa. T o n 60 BintHH Bohhi, BOCKJiaaan cboh ajianifl nepcni Ha mhbuh crpymi, h noflme 1 pyccKHVb KHHaeMb cjiaBy: nepBOMy Kunaio PiopHKy, Hrop» P»pHKOBHMy, BnaAHMHpy CBHTOCJiaBHMy, HpocjiaBy B0Ji0AHMHp0BHKe noMHHem cero BeJiHKaro khhsh JJmhtphh MBaHOBina h OpaTa ero, BjiaAHMHpa ÁHApeeBHMa, npaBHyKOBi CBtrraro khhsh BjiaAHMHpa KaeBCKaro . H x i we noMHHeMi h noxBaJiHMi> rrfeCHbMH h rycJieHUMH Gynsmtn cjioBecu, s a H e w e HXI 6HJIO MyHtecrBO H weJiaHne

aa 3eMJiM> PyccKyio h 3a Btpy xpHCTHaHCKyio. * Ce 60 KHH3b BeJlHKHH J^MHTpHH HBaHOBHYb H CpaTT. e r O , KHH8b BjiaAHMHpi AHHpeeBHii., HCTeaaBuie y M i Kp-fenocrnio CBoeio, h n o o c T p a m a c e p i w a cboh MywecTBOMi h HanoJiHHiuacH p a T H a r o A y x a , h ycTaBHUia ceC-fe x p a ó p t w BoeBOAbi bi> PyccKOH 3eMjrfe, noHHHyBuie n p a f l t f l a CBoero, BeJiHKaro khh3h BjiaAHMHpa K n e B C K a r o . O waBopoHOKi-rtTHya, b i KpacHbie a h h y r f e x a I

B3UAH nOAT. CHHHH OfijiaKH, BeJiHKaMy khhsio J^MirrpHio HBaHOBHiy

BocnoH cjiaBy

178

Heroic and Epic

Literature

h öpaTy ero, BjiaAHMHpy AHApeeBHwy I IJh He 6 y p « cokojiu 3aaece

H3i> 3eMJiH 3ajrtccKHflh BT> none nojioBeuKoe.

Kohh pwyra Ha Mockb-6,

CyÖHbJ 6bK>Tb Ha KOJIOMH-fcl, Tpyßbi Tpy6HTT> BT» CepnyxoBiJ, 3BeHHTi> cjiaBa no Bceu 3eMjrfe Pvcckoh.

Hioaho CTH3Hk

CTOHTb y

BeJiHKaro

floHy

Ha

Cepea-fe',

naiuyTCH* xopyroBH ßepnaTH, CB-feTHTCH KaJiaHTblpH 3JiaieHhI. CTOHTb MywH

HoBropoAUu

y

cbhthh CoiJ)hhI,

apKyHH* TaKOBO CJIOBO: >y>Ke H a M l , 6paTHH, KT> BeJIHKOMy

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HBaHOBiny

Ha n o c o 6 b He nocrrfeTH I« Tor«bi a«H opAbi cjrfcTOiuacH

co Been noJiyHoinHUH CTpami.

To th He opjiM CJitTomacH, — cvfexajwcn Bcfe khh3h pyccKne KT. BeJIHKOMy KHH3K) ^MHTpHIO apKyHH TaKOBO cjiobo :

HßaHOBHMy

,

»rOCnOARHe, KHH3b BejlHKHH ! ywe noraHHH TaTapoBe ua n o j i n H a HauiH

HacTynaion.,

a BOTHHHy Harny y H a c t OTHHMajorb,

CTOHTb M e w yflOHOMT.H ¿^H'fcnpOM'b, Ha p t u t Ha MeKHBOrb cboh Hamen anaßt!« Ii peie KHHSb bbjihkhh MHpy AHApeeBHMy:

Amhtphh HBaHOBHWb 6paTy

»noHseMi, 6 p a T e , aa ßbiCTpyio p-fewy yKyriHM-b 3eMJiflMi>

ahbo,

CBoeMy,

khhsio Bjibah-

flom.,

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a xpa6pbixi>

cbohxi

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a p*feKy JJOHT. KpOBHIO nponbeM-b

aa 3eMJi» PyccKyio h 3a Bipy xpHCTHaHCKy».« T a K O HCb p e n e CKHMl KHHaeMi:

KHfl3b

bcjimkhh /Jmhtphh

IlBaHOBmn. CBOen öpaTHH,

»BpaTbHUa MOH MHJiaH, pyCCKHe KHH3H I rH^3ffo ecMH khh3h BjiaAHMHpa KneBCKaro. He bi> oßHAy ecMH 6hjih n o p o m e H b i 1 0 HH COKOJiy, HH HCTpeßy, HH HepHy BOpOHy, hh TOMy ncy, noraHOMy MaMaw.« *

pyc-

Sofonia of R'azan': The Don Tale

179

CnaBHH irrimal a 6 u ecu BumeKOTajia chh n s a CpaTa, ABa cuHa OjibrepAOBbi m , AHHpen IIojioitKaron H flmrrpHH EpflHCKaro°l T t 60 cyTb cuHOBe x p a 6 p s , Ha nwrfc poweHbi 11 , n o n i TpyôaMH noBHTH, nofli. mejioMu 1 * Ba-nejrfcHHH, KOHeUb KOIlHfl BCKOpMJieHH, c i BOCTparo Mena noeHH BT. JIRTOBCKOH 3 e M J r t I

MoJiBHiiie ÁBApeH ki> CBoeMy CpaTy JJMHTPHIO: »CaMa ecMa1* Asa 6paTa, FFFETH O J I B R E P Ä O B U ,

BHynaTa regbiMOHTOBu, npaBHyKH CKOJibAHMepoBuP. Co6epenT> ce6% MHJiyio ApywHHy, CHFLEMT., 6paTe, HA CBOH 6opaue KOMOHH, nocMOTpHMT, SucTporo ^OHy, H c n n e M i > MEJIOMOMI»

BOAH,

HcnhrraeMi. MeweBi14 CBOHXT> o uiejiOMbi TaTapcKHe, a cyjiHui» H^MeuKHxi O 6AHAAHIJ M PENE e M y

JIHTOBCKHXI

GECEPMEHCKHE.«

¿JMHTPHH:

»He noiua^HMi, 6paTe, WHBOTA CBoero 3a 3eMJiK) PyccKyio H 3a B t p y xpHCTHaHCKyio, sa oÔHAy BeJiHKaro KHHSH ¿JMHTPHH H B A N O B H I A . Y m e 60, öpaTe, CTJTKT> erywHTb, rpoMi rpeMHTb BT> CJIABHOMT, rpaA"FC M O C K B Î I

To TH, 6paTe, He CTy KT» CTywHTb, HH rpoMi rpeMHTb, CTyHHTb cHJibHan paTb BeJiHKaro KHHSH ^ m h t p h h HBaHOBma, rpeMHTb yftajibubj pyccKHe anaieHHbiMH AOCirfcxH, a uiejiOMbi, a HepjieHHhiMH i i u n u . CtÄJiaH, 6paTe AHApen, CBOH 6opai>ie KOMOHH! A MOH TH rOTOBH, HanpeA" TBOHXT. oc-feAJiaHH. BbrtAeMi>, öpaTe, BT> MHCToe none H IIOCMOTpHMT» CBOHXI nOJlKOBl I« * y we 60 BCTaUia1* CHJl[b]HHH B*feTpH Cb MOpH, npHjrfcjrfcHina Tyny BejiHKy Ha yCTb JJirfcnpa, Ha PyccKyio 3eMJiio. H a i TyHH BfciCTynHiua npoBaBUH 3opH, a B I HHXi TpenemyTb CHHHH MOJIHHH .

180

Heroic and Epie

Literature

BOTH

CTyny H rpoMy BeJiHKy

nexcy

^OHOIRB H J^H-FENPOMI.,

naCTH Tpyny HeJiOBtsecKOMy Ha nojrfe K y j i H K o r f e l , npoJiHTHCH K p o B H Ha p i i K - f c

HenpHflBi !

Y w e 60 BOCKpHrrfcjiH TejrfcrH TaTapcKHH M e m y JJOHOMI H ^ H - f c n p o M i , HayTb H

XuHOBer

Ha P y c c n y i o

3eMJiw.

npHTeKouia1* ctpue BOJIUH ,

OTT> yCTb

floHy

H JÎH-fenpal

T o TH 6UJIO He c f e p u e

BOJIUH ,

HO NPHHAOUIA n o r a H u e

Toraa

TaTapoBe,

npOHTH B0WI04H BCK) 3eMJIK> PyCCKy».

XOTHTl

me ryca

BocroroTauia1',

H JieôeAH KPHJIBI

BocnjiecKama".

To TH He rycH BocroroTauia, HH Jie6e«H KPHJIBI ce

60 n o r a n u H

BocnjiecKama,

MAMAW NPUBEAE BOH CBOH HA

Pycb.

V w e 6 0 6-fcflu HXT> nacouia N T H U A " nofli. o f c i a K b i , BOpOHH MaCTO a

rpaioTb,

rajiwuw cBoeio

p-feMbio

roBopnTb,

OpJIH B O C K J i e H H y T b 1 0 , BOJIUH T p 0 3 H 0 a JIHCHUU HA KOCTH 3eMJiH,

3eMJiH

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CpeuiyTb".

PyccKan,

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60

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3a

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no6biBaJia !

Torna HHHCb n o f l i CHHHH

KOJIOAHUI, onyTHHU, HeSeca;

n 0 3 B 0 H H U i a CBOHMH 3JiaHeHUMH

KOJIOKOJIbUH

H a m i 6bICTpUM*b flOHOMl, XOTHTb y a a p H T H A

Ha

MHOPHH c T a ^ a

C o r a T t i p H p y c c K H e XOTHTI

Ha* BeJiHKHfl CHJibi n o r a H o r o T o r ^ a KHH3b BejiHKHH ^ m h t p h h

rycHHbin

H JIEÔEAHHUN !

ynapHTH uapn

MaMan.

HBaHOBHMi BCTynH BT. n 0 3 J i a i u e H H 0 e

C T p e x f l , H B3eMT>" CBOH MeHi> BT> n p a B y i o p y n y , H IIOMOJIHCH C o r y n

e r o M a T e p s . C o j i H u e eMy HCHO CHHen> HA BOCTOUÎ H ny-rb n o B - f c f l a e n . , a H r j r f e & i MOJiHTBy BOAAAIORB s a CPOAHHKH CBOH. HTO MH UlyMHTb, HTO TpeMHTb paHO n p e f l l KHH3b B j i a f l H M H p i H Benen. KI apKyHH

ôbiCTpoMy

floHy,

Tarn:

»roenOSHHe He

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KHH3b

ocjia6nHH

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y w e 60 n o r a H u e

TaTapoBHMi,

n o j i H H a c t y n a i o n . !«

CBOe

npeiHCTOH

30pHMH?

nepeCnpaeTb

Bopncb

Sofonia H

peqe K H H 3 b

ABApeeBny:

Amhtphh

of R'atan': HMHOBBVb

The Don 6paiy

Tale

CBoeMy, khhbb

»BpaTe mhjiub, c a M H ecwi* 4 c o 6 t ABa 6paTa, c u H O B e ecMH BejiHKaro K H H B H

ÜBaHa flaHHJioBHMa, a BHyiaTa ecun BeJiHKaro khh3h jamura AjieKcaHApoBHna •,

a B0eB0flu y Hact BejibMH Kp-fcnuu,

ApywHHa CBiflona, Hiftion. nofli co6ok>

6 o p a u e komohh, H a ce 6% flocrrfexH anaqeHbie, ó a n n a H u CyjiaTHtie, a meJiOMbt nepKaccKHe', mHTti MocKOBCKHe, a cyjiHuu irfcMei(KHH, KonHH 4>P>ickkho, a khhhojim cypcKHe T . Aopora hmi cB-fcAOMa, nepeBoau y hhxt> CTaBJieHU, ho e m e xoTHTb raaBbi cboh iiojio>khth aa 3eitJiio PyccKyio h aa B-fepy x p H C T H a H C K y u . IlamyTb 6o ch hchbh x o p y r o B H , H n y m > 6o cofít necTH h cnaBuaro hmhhhI«

a a a a A a

*

V m e 6o ucrpeSa h cokojih h Otiiue «pesero 6opao aa .Hoht. nepejierfcma, H a H H o r H H crrafla r y c H H u n h H a ;ie6eAHHHH. T o th 6utua hh cokojih , hh «peiero, — TO T H HaixajIH K H H 3 H pyccKHe H COraTlipH J1HT0BCKH6 H a BeJIHKHH CHJIbl TdTapCKHH h yAapHiua koiihh x a p a J i y m H U M H o AoeirfexH TaTapcKHe. BoarpeirfcjiH Mein óyjiaTHue

O inWIOMil XHH0BCKH6

H a nojrfc KyjiHKOB-fc, H a p-femcfe H e n p H A B % . H a nojrfc KyjiHKOBi chju>huh T y t H c c r y n H m a c a ,

a H3l HHXT. HaCTO CHHJIH M0JIHHH h rpeirfejiH r p o M u BeJiHijHH. T o th ccTynHmacH cuHOBe pyccKHe ci noraHbiMH T a T a p a M H 8a cbok> BeJiHKyio o6HAy. A bi HHx*b chhjih AoeirfcxH ajianemie h rpetrfcjiH MeHH 6yjiaTiie 0 UiejIOMbl XHHOBCKHe.

H e TypoBe paHo B03peB'fejiH y floHy BejiHKaro H a nojrfc KyjiHKOB-fe, — BOSpeB'fcjIH BOeBOAbI CHJIbHbie, BejiHKaro khhsh ,H,mhtphh HBaHOBHMa boh, iio6htu h noc-fcweHU on> noraHtixi TaTapi.

181 Bjunuxpy

182

Heroic and Epic

Literature

IlepecBfrra leptma, 6pHHc«aro 6onpHHa w , Ha cymeHoe irfecTO npaBejra. H p e i e I l e p e c r t n . BeJiHKOMy khh3k> AwrrpHio MBaHOBimy: »JlyTMH 6tl HaMT> nOTHTMMl CbiTH, HeweJiH nojiOHeHHtiMt orb n o r a H u x i T a r a p t 1« XopoCpuH riepecB-fcra nocKaKHBaen. Ha CBoeMi» B-kmem CHBirfe, cbhctomi> nojw neperopoRH, a p K y i u TaKOBO cjiobo: »3o6pe Tyn>, C p a T H H , CTapy noMOJioirtTH, a MOJiOHOMy MecTH hoGhth , iuien> c b o h x i HcnhrraTHl« H p e i e Ocjia6n 6paTy CBoeMy ITepecB-fcTy: » y w e , 6paTe, BHwy p a m i Ha rfcjrfc TBoem nacTH rjiaB-fc TBoeH Ha cupyio aeMJiio, Ha a nafly Moeny HaKOBy 1 jiewaTH Ha r p a s t Ha nojrfe KyjiHKOB-fc, Ha piwicfe HenpnflB"fe aa 3eMJi» Pyccwyio h aa ofinfly BenHKaro ^MHTpHfl HBaHOBHHa.«

thwkh, frfejiyio KOBujiy, KOBUjrt, khh3h

Bi> t o me BpeMH no Pfl3aHCKOH 3eMjrfcr HH paTan He Kjmwyrb, HH TpyCu He Tpy6«Tb, TOJTbKO naero BOPOHH rpaioTb, aer3HUii HOKyMTb, Tpyna HeJiOB-feMecnaro laioHH". Cero panH rp03H0 H wanocTHO b h r ^ t h , 3ane>Ke TpaBa KPOBHO nonHTa 6ucTb, a Apeaeca Tyroio no aemiH npHKjiOHHmacH. * BocirfcjiH nTHi;bi hojiocthhmh irfecHHMH, BocnnaKaJiK

KHHFHHH H COHPHHH

H BCH BOeBOACKHfl HKHiie, npouiejrb ecH 3eiiJiio rionoBeuKyio, — npHJiejrfeH KO MHt Moero rocnoflHHa Mnnyjiy BacHJibeBima!« A THMO^eBa wena BajiyeBHia e«ocbH Aa ,T(mhtphh weHa BceBOJiomcKaro MapbH TaKme paHO nnaKaiuecn, apKyiH: »Ce yme BecejiHe Harne n o m i n e " bt. cjiaBHOMi rpa^fe MocKB-fe I y w e He bhahmi> rocyjjapeH CBOHXI bt. MHBorfexi» 1«

Sofonia of B'axan':

The Don

Taie

183

AanpeeBa meHa Mapb» aa MHxaHJioBa weHa AHHCI>H paHO n.iaxamacfl : »Ce y w e ofrfexa H a n cojraqe nonepiuio BT> cjiaBHOin» rpaffb M o c K r t ! IlpHnaiHyjiH kt> H A M I o n . (Suerparo ^OHy nojioiiHHHUfl irfecTH, ROCHiue BeJiHKyu o6Ksy: cctfloma ynaJibUH ci. 6 o p a u x i K O H e n C B O H X I Ha cy« o h86h6hhuxi> , CMOTpHMH Ha 6 u c T p y » p-tKy, Ha cjiaBHyio MocHBy, ap«yHH TaKo: »MocKBa, MocKBa, p t n a ôucTpan ! neify ecH aanejrtHJina xymeH HawnxT. o n . Haci. BT, 3eMJin IIojioBeuKyio? Mowemn JIH, rocnoAHHe KHHSI> BÔJÏHKHH ^ M H T P H H HBaHOBim. B e c n u " ^ H ^ n p i HCwepnaTH, a /1,OHT. Tpynu TaTapcKHMH aanpyAHTH? 3aMKHH, rocyflapb, OK-fc p-fcn-6 BopoTa, STTOCH n i e 1 ' noramie TaTapoBe H noTOin. KT. Ham. He CuBaJin, a Haci. H6 KBejiHJiK no CBOHXT. rocyflap-fexi., yme 60 uymeu HauiHxi p a n . npH6HJiol« * Toro me AHH, BT> cy6oTy Ha

P O W A E C T B O CBHTUH

COROPORHRU»»,

H3cbKoma xpHCTHaHe noraHbie IIOJIKH Ha no;rb KyjiHKOB-h, Ha p^irb Ha HenpnAB'fe. HioKHyBi. KHH3b BnajiHMHpi. A H n p e e B m CKaKaine no paTH n o r a H u x t T a T a p i , CBOHMl 6op8UMl> K0H6M*b nO-fe3flaK)MH,,) 30JI0TMMT. meJIOMOMl. nOCB-feiaiOHH " . rpeMHn. Menn CynaTHue O llleJIOMU XHHOBCKHe! H BOCXBaJiRTi.

A M H T P H H B o j i U H e m b b khhsh BjiaAHMHpa ÂHApeeBina: •BpaTe KHHwe BnaAHMepe! TU ecH wejrfcaHoe aaCopoJio y ajia-Toun»Ha BpeMemi.«

roBopHTi KHH3b BjiaAHMHpi AHflpeeBHii. ^MHTpHio BorniHuy : »He OTCTaBaH CBOHMH nonKH, yme 60 noraHbie TaTapoBe non» HacrynaiOTb,

184

Heroic and Epic

Literature

a xopoGpyio flpymHHy y Haci HcrepHJiH,

a bt. Tpyrrt HeJiOB-feibH

6opaue komohh He Moryn. ckohhth, BT> KpOBH no KOJTfcHO 6pOflflTT>.«

Pene ^mhtphh BojihiHeui:

»BpaTHH, pyccKHe khhsh, 6onpe h BoeBOflU! T y r o Haao6e CTapy noMOJiOfltTH, a MOJiOAOMy necTH AoeraTH! To t h ecTb He HaiiiH MocKOBcxue cJiaAKHe Meflii, TyTO H06y«eTe ce64 wecTH h cjiaBul« H Torfla aKH

cokojih Copao nojiertjin.

nocKaKHBaen. Amhtphh BonuHeifb co sceio chjioio h pene: »BpaTe, KHiiwe BjiajiHMHpi AHApeeBHm! TyTO HcnHTH MeftBHHa napa I Ha-fe)«AaeMx, 6paTe, cbohmh iiojikh CHJibHUMH Ha paTb TaTapi noraHuxi 1« Torna KHH3b BjiaAHMHpi AHApeeBHii HacTynaen. Ha BeJiHKyio CHJiy TaTapCKy». rpeMHi-b MeMH 6yjiaTHbie o uiejioMu xuHOBCKue. IloraHwe CycopuaHij noKpuma rnaBbi cboh pyKaMH cbohmh, pyccKHe we cuHOBe nmpoKHH dojih KJIHKOMT. OrOpOflHUia H SJiaieHblMH AOCntxH OCB-feTHIlia. y > K e 6 0 CTa T y p i Ha CopoHb.

MepHa 3eMJiH noAi Konuxu, KOCTbMH TBTapCKHMH 6bIJia HaCfcHHa, a KpOBblO HXT. nOJIRTa ÓbICTb. CnjibHue nojiun ccTynniuaCH bt, mícto h npHTonTauia xojimh h Jiyrn. BosMyTHiuacn ptKH h i i o t o k h h oaepa. KjIHKHyJIl J^HBl no BCfcMT> SeMJIHMt, BejiHT-b pon [sB'fcpeMi] nocJiyuiaTH. LUnCjia cnaBa k i Mopio h ki> JKejrfeaHbiMT. BpaTOMie«, k i PHMy h kt. TopnaBy TSMO H oCptTe 1 ' ero y KpecTa, MO.mmacn CoroBH14, H B03iBa ero HMeHeMi: »MepKypnel« OHT> we pene: »HTO TH ecTb, rocnoflHHe MOH?« M rjiarona eMy: »HAH CKopo, CpaTe! 3oBen> TH 6OWHH MATH BI> rieiepbCKyio aepnoBb!« IlaKH we BIMEFLI 6oroMyflpua BO CBHTyio uepKOBb H BHA1> npeiHCTyio 6oropo«Huy Ha ajiart npecToirfe c t j u m a " , Xpaera BI. Hinpexi HMyma", OCICTOHMA1' BOH. OHI we na^e npefli HOraMa ea [H] DOKJIOHHCH CI BCAHKHMI YMHJIEHHEM'B [H] ywaceHi 6ucTb. BoeraBH ero orb aeMJin npenHCTan MATH 6OWHA H pene eMy: »HAAO MepKypae, B3i6paHHHMe" MOH, nocbiJiaio TH, HAH CKopo, COTBOPH OTMINJEHHE KPOBH XPHCTHHHCKHH . IUEFLI NOSTNA ajionecTHBaro UAPN BATUH [a] Bee BOHCKO ero. IIOTOMI npaaAen. TH 1 ' qenoB'FCK'b Kpacem Jiai]eMi>, BT>Aaa we

The Life

of St. Mereuriut

of

191

Smolensk

c u y BT> pyq-fe" Bce opymHe CBoe, • y c t i e r a TH rjiaBy. T u me • > " BOSMOI

N

p y « y CBOK) • npRHAH BO CBOH r p a f f i , H TOMO npHHiiemii KOH0 npeiHCTan rocnome anaAM*iHi;e, M a n X p n c r a

tora

Harnero, nano

an,

OKAHHHUH H xyAUN, HENOTPE6HHH p a 6 * TBOH, HA T0JIHK0E FFTNO TBOC [ m a m . ] CHJieHi

forra?

ai^oiecTHBaro H

He nocTajio JIH TH HECEAOIH CHJOI, BJIAAIJMHUE, no&FEFLHTH

H

uap«?«

Bisen"

6jiarocnoBeBHe on> Hen, H Becb Boopymevb 6UCTI> •

OTHAO

NOHJIOHHBICH AO AEMJIH". H HAUAE HAR. UEPKBH H o6ptTe Ty npexpafipa KOHH CTOHEqa. H Boccfcjp." HaHb H acmear. HST. rpana H nomeni nojiKH SUIOHECTHBARO u a p n , Gomueio noMommo H npewHCTHH 6oropoffHqu noCmafl B p a r a , co6Hpaii xpHCTHHHT. iurfcHHuxT. H OTnyman

BO r p a A i

•OJIKOMI, HKO opejn> no BOSAyxy aeran.

CBOH, npexpaCpo

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no

3Jio ycirfexa BT. XAJRB « p y w H r t . H n p a m e A i BO Y r p u , H TaMO 3JioiecTHBUH Ore$aHOMi> uapeMi. y Cnero 6UCTI>(. Tame npeflcra M e p K y p H » npexpaceHi BOHHI». Om> me ÜOKJIOHHCH eijy H Bina Bce opymHe CBOE, H npeKjiOHb" rjiaBy CBOIO H ycbnem. CbiCTb. H TaKO GjiameHHUH BiaeMi. rnaBy CBOIO BT. pyKy CBOIO , a BT> n p y r y n pyny KOHH CBoero, H npHujeflT." BO rpaflT. CBOH GearnaBeHi. Jlionne me, BHA*bBine TaKO, YAHBJIWIOmeen"

Común erpoeHHio. H nornear. Bpan. MojiorHHbCKHxi. T y me Bumjia

no BOAy H-fena« jrtBHua, H 3bpn cBsrraro 6eai rjiaBbi H « y m a , H HaHan>" cBirraro Hejrbno OpaHHTH. OHT> me BT> r f e x i BparfexT. BOSJieme" H n p e A a c n . " qecrtrh Ayuno CBOIO rocnoAeBH". KoHb me TOH HEBHAHMT> 6UCTI>. O T I Toro me rpa^a apxHenHCKom> NPHMEFLX" co x p e c n i [H] CO MHomecTBon HapoAa, XOTH BIAFLTH necTHOe

rtjio

CBHTaro, H He BT>AACN HMT> CBHTUH. TorAa

fiucTb BeJiHH n j i a i b BT. j i i o n e x i H PUAAHHE, HTO HE B o c x o r h " ÍIOAHHTHCH CBHTUH. Tame CucTb

apxHetiHCKoni. BT> BEMTNIH HeAoytrfcHHH MOJIHCH CoroBH o TOMT».

H ce rnacb 6ucTb KT> HeMy r j i a r o j w : » 0 c n y r o rocnoflbHb, o ceMT. He CKopfíH! KTO n o c j i a " Ha no6-bay, TOH H norpe6en> e r o . « CBHTOMy me Ty jiemamy 3 JU>HH HenorpefieHHy", apxHeiracKom me TOH BCIO Hoiob 6esi> CHa npeCuBauie, MOJIHCH CoroBH, aa HBIRRB euy

Con. TaHHy

CHK>, H 3bpn BO OKOHbue CBOe onacHo npHMO coCopbHUH ijepKBe. Ce me BHAHTI» HCHO BT. BeJIHIffeH CB^TJIOCTH, aKH BT. COJIHeHHOH 3apH, HCmeAIHH HC qepKBH IlpeMHCTbiH B o r o p o A H u e " co apxHCTpaTHra rocnoAHH" hlnxaxnom JIOMI,

H AouieAiue

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H FABPHH-

CBHTaro, B i s e m .

me

npeMHCTan GoropoAHua BT> nojiy CBOIO wecTHO rfejio CBHTaro H npHHecbme BO CBOIO co6opbHyw ijepKOBb, H ÜOJIOWX Ha M t c r t c B o e m BO rpo&B, HFFBME ecTb H « o HbiH-FE, H BCtMH BHAHMT. 6wctb, coA^Ban Hiofleca B I CJiaBy XpHCTy 6ory HaiueMy, 6jiaroyxan HKO KHnapnci. ApxHenHCKom. me, KO yrpeHHeH BT,inejrb BT. QEPKOBI, BHAT 4 * KeHa we TaKOBUH rjiarojn. M y w a CBoero bt> cepAiíu 1 ' cBoeMi npHeMiiiH14 TBepflo, bo eAHHi we orb «He«, HenpHHaHHBOMy TOMy smhio npHJierfeBray1* kt> Hen, oHa we, noMHH sanoB^naHHoe cjiobo M y w a CBoero, Hana TOMy TpeKjiHTOMy 3MHK) MHorHH p-fewH cb JiecTHW npocTHpaTH h no MHornx-b cjioBecaxi BonpocH ero, — hko xBaJiH, pene: »BHWy, HKO MHOrO BtCH1*, H B"feCH JIH CBOK) KOHHHHy? H OTb leTO TH CyaeTb CMepTb?« O h i we, JibCTHBUH npeJiGCTHHKt, npejibmeHi 6biCTb orb AOÔpuH weHbi, MHH1' en hko HCTHHCTByiomy kt. ce6i, h Hapene e« TaHHyio CBOK): »CMepTb MOH orb IleTpoBa nnewa, orb ArpHKOBa Meta.« >KeHa w e , cJibituaBt orb Hero, h no OTOiecTBHH ero noBt^a khh3m , MyweBHu CBoeMy. KHH3b w e , t o cnuuiaBT., HeAoyM-fcncH: wto ecTb cjtepmb orni TIempota rutena, orni AepuKoea Meta"?** HM-feHLue we y ce6n npucnaro ßpaTa, KwfeHinaro ce6e, HMeHeMi IleTpa 30B0Ma. Bo eAHHi» we orb ahhh noB^aa eMy, 6paTy CBoeMy üeTpy, noApoßHy bch 3MHeBbi p-fcwH, Hwe CKa3a weH-fe ero. KHH3b we ü e T p i , cjiuuiaBi orb öpaTa CBoero, hko 3mhh Hapeie TesoHMeHHTa eMy ncxoAaTan CMepra CBoeH, h Haia MbICJIHTH MyWeCTBeHHO, He CyMHHCH1*, KaKO 6bl 3MHH yÖHTH, HO He B-feAblH** ArpHKOBa Mena. ÜMHiue we oGuMan xoahth no i;epKBaMT>, yeAHHHHCH. Bucrb we uepKOBb bt. weHcrfeMT.11 MOHacTbip-fc Bo3ABHweHHe MecTHaro KpecTa FocnoAHH ; h npHHAe ki> Hen eaHHT. iiomojihthch . Hbh we ch eMy OTpona, rjiaroJiH : »KuHwe, xoiueiiiH .ih, Aa riOKawy th ArpHKOBT. Menb?« Oht. we pene: »IToKawH MH.« II pene OTpona:

194

Hagiography

»HAH BO CJRFCSI Meirfc.« M n o K a s a eMy BO ajrrapHOH crtH'fe MewAy HopeMH^aMH CKBamHio, BT> H e n m e M6HB j i e w a m e . KHH3b m e I l e T p i , BH¿RFEBT> M e i b , HAPHUAEMUH ArpHKOBT., H B3H e r o ; npHHne » E B I AOMI CBOH [H] HcnoB'FEAA CpaTy cBoe»ty, HHH3IO I l a B j i y . M o r í t o r o AHH H a q a r n a HCKaTH noAoCHa BpeMeHH KynHO, Kano noryÓHTH 3MHH. BT. H-feKoe m e BpeMH IIPHKJIIOHHCH 6jia« 6 p a T y CBoeMy Ha n0KJi0HeHHe, HKO 6 Í MHHH" e r o j r t T b i " . H 6UBUIH y 6 p a T a CBoero, IIOTOMT. Hae BT. n o j i a T y KO CHOCT** CBoen, H BHA*Í> y He« c f c a n m a MYWA BO o G p a a t S p a T a CBoero. H H3BINE c K o p o H3T. noJiaTU, c p t T e " H i K o e r o wenoB'feKa o n n p e s c T O H i u H x i CpaTy CBoeMy, H peie: »R«e ecTb 6 p a n > MOH?« OHX w e noB-fena eMy, HKO BT> n o j i a r f c CBoeH. OHT. m e , paayM'FEBT» n p o H b i p CTBO n y K a B a r o SMHH, H XOTH H c n u T u o yB'baaTii, naKH une KT> CpaTy CBoeMy B I n o n a T y H p e i e eMy: » K o r a a y 6 o CÍMO NPHHAE?«

E p a n . m e p e s e eMy: »A3T. n o TBOeMl H3UieCTBHH OTT. MeHe HHKDKO HCXOFLHJIl H31> ÜOJiaTbl CBOefl.« K n n s b H e r o , HO npeJiecTHUH 3Mew, H y A a p « e r o MeMeMi. TOJIHKO a t j i o , HKO 3MHH BOCTpeneTa H CucTb MepTBi, H HBHCH, HKOBI 6 n m e ecTecTBOMT». BnaweHHbiH w e KHHab r i e r p i Hawa e r o MeneMi cfeiun, AOHflewe AO KOHi;a HH3JIOWH. * OTT. HenpHHSHeHUH m e e r o KPOBH OKPOBHCH jiHije CjiaweHHaro KHHSH ü e T p a , on> Kp-fenKaro e r o yAapeHHH. H C u m a Ha 6.^a>KeHH•fcM^>,, OTT. TOH SMHeBbi KpOBH 60JTfc3HeHbIH CTpynbl H H3BBI, H npHAe H a H b " 60JLT3HB TflWKa a t j i o , HKO Becb 0CTpynHCH. H HCKauie BO CBoeMT. OAepwaHHH OTI MHon. B p a H e B i " HCutJieHHH H He nojiyHH HH OTT> eAHHaro. I I o H e w e H OpaHb e r o He Cnuie c i MeflOBtKH* 1 , HO CT> AHaBOJIOMT., TaKO ÜOAOGailie HCU-fejieHHW ÓBITH He OTT. HeJIOB^KT., HO OTb ComeCTBeHHblH CHJIbl, nO pGHBHHOMy CJIOBeCII rOCüOAHH BO CBHTfeMl.

EBaHreJiiiH:

Motee HeeoaMooKHO omt> neAoerhKb, eoaMOMcna cymb omr,

6oza,

eMyme CJiaBa HbiH-t H npHCHO H BO B'feKH BÍKOMI. AMHHb. Cymy>«e CjiameHHOMy KHH3IO I l e T p y BT. BEJIHUTH" 6ojrfc3HH, H CJibimaBi, HKO BT. n p e j í J i a x T . P H 3 a H C K i i a ofijiacTH MHOSH" BPAQEBE" >KHT6JIBCTBYIOTT. , H noBe^-fe TAMO BECTH c e ñ e ;

6-FE 6 o

HEMOMEHT. a t j i o :

on.

BCJIHKHH 6 o J i t 3 H H

HA

KOH'fe •fesAHTH HeB03M0» paayMOMi: »rocnojHHT. AOMy OTeui MH ecTb, HO HAOina c i M A T E P U » M O E » BKyrrfc B I SAHMBI nJiaKaTH. EcTb 60 y MCHH H 6 p a n , HO nonAe i p e a i HOI-H BI> HABH** 3ptTH.< KDHOuia we, cjitmiaB-b Bemb noaoÖHy HioaecH, H KO He paaywfe HH eAHHaro o n rjiarojii en, aHBJiniiiecH [H] p e t e : »O A ^ B O ! BHwy TH Myapy cymy. BHHAOXT, K I Teöt H BHA"fcxT> TU a^Jiaioma nocTaBT. H n p e n i TO6OX> sauija cnamonia; H c j i u m a x i o n y e n T B O H X I rjiarojiu H-faKHH crpaHHbi, ewe asi» He Mory paayM^TH 1« OHa we rjiarojra e u y : •HenoB-fene, cero JIH He paay M-feeiiiH ? P Ì H H 60 CHU se cyn CTPAHHBI H He3HaeMbi, nwe rjiarojieuiH, HO BCHKHH npocTOTu HcnojiHeHbi. H a aie He pa3ynrteiuH, a3b TH noB-feaaio npocToio 6ec%aow : npHiueni ecH BT> A O M I H a » " , H BT> xpaMHHy BHHAe, BHA'fejrb MA BT> TOJiHift npoerorfe cfeAHiuy, 6eao6paaHy H Been jrfenoTbi jiHiueHy; H ame 6ti B I AOMy y Haio 6bun> n e c i H O M Y T H B I TH KI AOMy npHXOAHnia, ame 60 OHI eerecTBOMi H öeccjiOBeceHT., HO Morjn. 6bi MH 6pexaHHeMi> CBOHMI npHxoar. TBOH B O S B Ì C T R T H : TO 60 ecTb doMy y mu. H anje 6 H y MEHFL BI> xpaMHtrfc cen 6bino OTpoia, H B H A ^ B I TH [KT>] COH xpaMHirfe npnxoAHiaa, TO 6bi M n i noB-fcaajio : ce 60 ecTb OHU xpaMy. O T E U I we MOH H MaTH noHAOïua Ha norpeßeHHe MepTBaro, «a TAMI> H S M I HHMT. n n a i i o n . E r ^ a we OHH npecTaBHTCH o n WHTHH cero, H H a a i HHMH TaKOWAe y i H y n njiawaTH: ce 60 e c n aaeMHbiu riAaut. Oreui. we MOH H 6 p a n AP'ÈBOA'FCJIBMJ cyrb; BT» jrfccfc 60 o n A P ^ B H H Meni eMJiion; H HBIH-FE HAE 6 p a n MOH HA TAKOBOE R Ì J I O , HKO jrfesTH eMy [Ha] A P ^ B O BT. BbicOTy: ipen HOIU do*y spn,mu, ewe 6bi He OTTOprHyTHCH H He JIHUIHTHCH WHBOTa CBoero.«

lÛHoma we peMe: »0 fltBol BHwy TH Mynpy cymy. I I O B T W A B MH HMH CBoe!« OHa we oTB'fciitaBiiiH peqe: »HMH MH ecTb «DeBpoHHH. RIOB-FEAAFL we H T U MH o ce6^: KTO T U ecu, H OTKyay, H KaMo rpHaeuiH 4 ', H nero p a a » cfeMO npHHAe?« OHI we p e i e : »Aai ecMb o n npeacTOHuinxi MypoMCKaro KHHSH IleTpa. Knnab we MOB, HM%H CoJitaHb a t . i o THwny H MHorH H3Bbi Ha rtjrfe CBoeMT» H CTpynu, nOHewe 0Kp0BJieH*b o n HenpHnaHeHaro jieTHmaro 3MHH, erowe yÖHjn» CBoero pyKO», H BO BceMT> OAepwaHHH HCKaïua HcirfcjieHHH o n MHori BpaieBi, H He nonyMH. H cero paan Be.-rfe ce6e CÈMO npHBeaTH. CnumaxT,, HKO cyTb a f f i BpaieBe MH03H, H HbIH'fe BO CTpaHy CHK> npHHAOXOMl, H He B^Mbl, KaKO HMeHylOTCH, HJiH r a t npeGbiBaion BpaweBe. H o ceMT, MOJIIO TH noB'taaTH MH: ame r a t H3B*FECTH0 B-FECH BPAMEBL?«

196

Hagiography OHa w e pene: » A m e 6u KTO Tpe6oBajiT> KHHSH T B o e r o c e 6 t , lOHorna w e

Morjii Cu e r o yBpaneBaTR.«

peie:

»4TO y 6 o , fffeBO, r n a r o J i e t i i H ? K o M y 6o TpeöoBaTH KHHSH Moero c e ô t ? KTO y B p a m o e n .

ero,

KHH3b

MOH a a c n >

eMy

hm^hhh

Ho

MHora.

Ame

CKawH

MH

Bpana T o r o : KTO ecTb, H KaMO WHJiHiije e r o ? « OHa we »fla

pene:

npHBesHTe

KHH3H

CMHpeHT. BO oTB-fcrò, « a

CBOero

6yaen>

cfeMO.

H

ame

6ynen>

MHrKocepjHbift

H

yBpaieBaHi.« *

KDHorna we B03BpaTHCH KO KHH3K> CBoeMy H noB-fena eMy BCH nopHAy H noApoöHy, ewe BH/rfc h entuna. BjiarortpHtift

we

KHH3E> I l e T p i ,

cnuuiaBi

TaKOBan

rjiaronu,

yjjHBHCH

p a a y M y FFTBHHW H peie KT> npeACTonmuM-b : •floBeaHTe MH, rjvfe ecTt OHa jrfeBHua.« npeflCTOHiuH w e , CJiuuiaBiiie noBejitiiHH KHHSH c B o e r o ,

noBe3ouia e r o H

AOHAOiiia a o M y Toro, BT> HeMwe 6% A^Biiua. M nocjia KT> Heft KHH3b

lOHOiuy

BOnpOCHTH: » r H t ecTb TOH Bpam>, XOTHH MH yBpaneBaTH?« Cjiyra w e , n p n i n e A i KT> H e n , B o n p o c n » .

OHa w e

pene:

»UleflT. noB^naH khh3K> CBoeMy, HKO a 3 i ecMb: x o m y

BpaweBaTH ero, HO

hm^huh ero He Tpeßyio. H u a M i KT. HeMy CJIOBO TaKOBo: ame HMaMi> cynpyra 6UTH e M y , TO Mory yBpaieBaTH ero.« Hen.

CjibiinaBi w e neJiOB-feKi TOH, m e s i NOBTNA KHH3K>, n w e cjibiuia o r b

KHH3b w e RIETPI NOMUCJIHBI» c e 6 i : »Kano MH, KHH3IO c y m y , Hp'fcBOA'fejibueBy Amepb

noHTH weHy

ce6-fc?« H o

H3HeMorauie

6ojrfc3HHio irfcjio H, cwajiHBcn,

nocjia KT. Heft, pene: »HTO ecTb B p a i e c T B O e n , « a B p a H w e n , : HMawb noHTH io BT> w e n y MejioB^Ki

w e TOH, n p H i u e n i ,

CJIOBO K H H w e

noB-fe^a ew.

ce6t.«

BjiaweHHan

H n p e C j i a w e H H a n , He T p e ó y a M H o r a r o B p a s e B a H H H , HO TOKMO B s e M i

we

cocyneui»

Mani H n o n e p n e 4 1 KHCJiawAH CBOH h A y H v 4 ' Ha H H " H ß j i a r o c j i o B H H 4 4 . H

nane46

c j i y a t 4 ' [H] pene: »RIPHHMH ene H iiiejvb OTHecH KHH3K> CBoeMy H n o ß e j i H n p e w a e 6amo

ytpeaHTH

H3MUTHCA eMy BOAOK), H n0T0Mi> Aa noMaweTCH CHMI> n o BceMy r b j i y ,

TOKMO eAHHi» CTpym> ocTaBHTb He n o M a 3 a H i ,

H 6yAen>

sapaBi.«

H npHHece wiyra noMaaaHHe TO KO KHH3» H BCH rjiarojiw en n o B ^ A a e M y . K H H 3 b w e noBejrfe 6 a H » H

ynpeAHTH.

Bocxorfc 6 j i a w e H H y i o

ncKycHTH n p e M y A p o c T H en p a f l H ,

HKOwe

CJiuuia

rjiarojiu en ora IOHOUIH CBoero. M nocjia KT> Heft co eAHHbiMi» on> cJiyn> CBOHXI> eAHHO noB-bcMO JibHy, rnarojiH HKO: >CHH FL-kBHua xomen. MH cynpyra

6UTH M y n p o c T H

pajH,

H ame

Mynpa

ecTb, Aa yMHHHTb MH BT> ceMT» noßtcM-fe cpaHHuy H nopTti H y ß p y c e u i BT> T y roAHHy, BT. Hiowe a a i npeSyAy BT> 6aHH.« C n y r a we n p H H e c e e n noB'fccMO J i b i i y H KHHwe CJIOBO c w a a a ew. O H a we HH Mano CMyTHCH, HO p e i e CJiy3"fc : I B 3 u a h Ha nenb H a u i y H, B3eMi nojrfcHiie, CHeca CÌMO.«

197

The Life of Peter, Prince of Murom Ohi>

Owa me

khh

pene:

bt>

Cnyra noßtaa

jthhokt.,

me

h p u u eMy oti> neHe: bt. tboh « a npHroTOBtm. mh bt. c e m roBHHy c T a m h Bee CTpoeHHe, hhmt. c o n e T C H 4 ' n o j i o r a o e r o . « npHHece khhsio yTHHOKT. nojrfeHiia h pi»HH 6jiameHHbiH bch

cen

iacT> ä s t

we noBejrfe eMy OTM-fepHTH imah eoHHun noBejrfcHHH e a cotboph [h] OTctie yTHHom>.

caece. Oiia

OTcfcnjH. C j i y r a

»Bo3mh

yTMHut

h

m e n o c n y m a en

yTHHOKi h

oTRecH

khh3k>

CBoeMy

OHHmy n o ß t c M O CRe, a KHH3b

Ty me

eMy.

KHH3b

me,

CJitmiaBi,

yAHBHCH

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en

H

nocjia

Toro

me

cjiyry :

BT.

»LUe^t H PUH A^BHObl, HKO H6B03M0>KH0 eCTb BT. TaKOBi Majrb Ä p t B i r b H Many

roflHHy

Cnyra

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me npHiueji.

cTpoeHHH

h cjiobo

cotbophth.«

KHflme CKaaa e f t . OHa me

pene:

»A ce JiH B03M0WH0 ecTb MejiOB-feKy MymecKa BoapacTa b o ennHOMi noB"fccirfc

h bt> TaKOBy rOAHHy, bt. h

yßpyceub?« Cnyra

XBaJlH

me

h

OTHAe

Heme

bt. 6aHH n p e ó y n e n , cotbophth bch

noB-fcfla

10.

en

otbìth.

KHH3b

cpawHijy

me,

h

nopTbi

cnuiiiaBi,

no-

*

BpeMeHH HAe KHnab muthch bt> 6aHio. M noBejrfcHHeMT. SjiameHHun ohumi khcjih>ka6mt> , n m e yr0T0Ba eMy ÔJiameHHan, bch cboh C T p y n u h H3Bbi, H eAHHoro me c T p y n a He noMaaa noBejrfcHHeMT. e n , Hauae m e hsi> 6aHH H 6bICTb 3 A p a B l , HKO HH1HMI 60JI%3HyH. H y 3 p t AO KOHUa rfeno CBOe MHCTO h 3ApaB0, paaB-fe eAHHaro C T p y n a , Hme 6 t He n o M a a a m , h ahbhuicch M

no

noMasa

KHH3b

cjiobo,

CKopoMy eme

6eaoT4ecTBa en

H

CBoeMy

Hcq-fejieHHio.

H

ßtiCTb

OHa m e A a p o B i »I l l e s i

paaMUCjrfe

mHost

iiohth bi

oho

sa

meHy

cefrfe,

paAH.

ki Hen « a p t i mhoth h noBeJit B03MomHO khhsio iiohth th bt. meHy

nocjia

»He

bt,

o ö i m a B i u y c H e M y " önameHHyio eBpoHHio

pubi

He n p n n

khh3k>

h

hko: ßesoTHecTBa TBoero paAH.«

rJiaroJiaTH e u ce6%

rnarojia cjiyrfc:

hko ohi bo hcthhî

CBoewy,

He n p e ô u c T b .

EcTb

me

HCTHHCTByHH 4 ', Hme H a AO BCeMH CblH50 : TOH COTBOpHTb, HKO B0CX0II(eT1>. «

KHH3b

cboio, bo r p a a i M y p o M i , SApaBCTByn. hbjihthch o r b Toro eAHHaro C T p y n a , n w e 6 t ne noMa3aHi>, cahht. no eAHHOMy, h ßucTb Becb ocTpynJieHT., h bhah ce6a bi 6oJit3iiH BeJiHiitH, naKH B03BpaTHCH Ha roTOBoe HcivfcjieHHe ko 6jiameHH-fcH. me I l e r p i . n o t x a

bo

OTMHHy

H Ha AOMy en,

nocjia kt.

Hen c i

MOJieHHeMb h

ci

aapu",

BpaneBaHHH h c n o p a r o HCivfcjieHHH. O n a me h h Majia r n ^ B a n o A e p m a B i h

npocH pene

cjiyraMT. e r o : »Ame ö y A e r b mh KHH3b c y n p y m H H K i , Aa 6 y A e n > yBpa CBoeMy. Ohi me o G t m a c H ct> hcuìjihtx e r o . OHa m e yB^pHCH h naKH

TaKoro me BpaieBaHHH n o c j i a k t . HeMy, h k o h n p e m A e . O h i

me no npeApeneH-

Bcfc C T p y n u cboh h He ocTaBH hh eAHHaro HenoMa3aHa, 3ApaBT>, HKO HHKOJlHHie 60J1ÌBT>. bo OTMHHy cboio, bo rpaAT> MypoMT., n o n n . " h SnameHHyio c i

tioMy c o T B o p n : noMa3a

H

CbICTb Becb H

co6ow

noixa ci

enncKona

BeJiHKOK)

necTHio.

H

r p a A a Toro, coTBopniiia

AOineAUie

rpaaa

6paKT> M e c T e m ;

MypoMa, non"

6jiar0CJi0BeHneMT>

6JiameiiHyio b t .

meHy

198

Hagiography

cefrfc, h rtHHaHi. 6ucn> ci> He» bt> coSopHOfl h anocTOJibCKoit uepKBH. H paaocTb Be;iHH CucTb bo rpajrfe. M mitBHCTa'4 CjiameHHHH bo bchkomi 0.naro4ecTHH, h HHWTO>Ke O T b aanoBtaett 6 o w h h x t > o c T a B . i a w m e , h o Bce >khth6 CBOe bt> CMHp-fciiHH H BT> KpOTOCTH H BO CTpaCfc" 60/KHH npOBOJKjaiOme. *

lio Majrfc BpeMeiiH CTaptñamü 6pan> 6;iameHHaro khhíh IleTpa, KHH3b riaBeJii>, oti m h t h h cero OTiue. BnaroB-fcpHbifl m e Kim3b n e T p i no Cparfc CBoeMi 6ucTb eAHHi caMoaepmem rpa^y MypoMy. HenaBiijnii me aoGpa B p a n . shabojii bjiowh H e H a B H C T b GonpoMT. e r o : Hawauia ÓJiameHHbiH

KHeHHH"

eBpoHHH He jiioBhth, meHi> pa^H cbohxi», hko SucTb He Soripcnaro pony, 6ory me npocjiaBJiHioiiy" en, «o6paro pa^H w h t h h en. HtKorAa [eflHHi] on> npeacTOHmHxi. c j i y n . en npHHAe ko 6jiar0B"bpH0My KHH3W IleTpy h HaBa^H Ha hio, hko, — p e i e : » O n CTOJia CBoero 6e3MHHH0 hcxoahtt.: BHerna y6o BOCTaTH ett, B3HMaen> BT. pyKy CBOlO KpOXH, hko rjiaAHa.« EjiaroB'tpHbiR ct

me

C06010 a a e A H H U M i

KHnab

IleTpi.,

xoth

k> H C K y c H T H , noBeJib e n

oOtaaTH

ctojiomt..

Erna w e CKOHMacn o C t f l i , OHa w e , hko HMauie oGuia», BseMi oti CTOJia BT. pyKaBl CBOH KpOXH, KHHSb >Ke IleTpT., n p H H M l 10 3a pyKy H pa3Bep3e" [h] BHfl-fe JlHBaHt

floCpOBOHem.

H (J)HMHHHl. H

OTb TOrO H H H 0 C T 3 B H K> KT> T O M V He

HCKyiuaTH. l i o Mitoat me BpeMeHH npHHAOiua kt> neMy ct> HpocTiiio 6onpe ero, peKyme: • O K H H m e ! x o m e M i . t h bch n p a B e « H O cjij'íkhth h c a M O A e p w u e M i t h h m í t h ,

ho KHeHHH eBpoHHif He xomeMi., Ame roenoAbeTByen, meHaMH HauiHMH. Ame me xonteuiH caMOflepweivb Outh, Aa GyAen> th itHa KHeHHH. OeBpoHHH me, B3eMi> 60raTecTB0 ch «OBOJibHO, h OTHAen», aMome xomen..« BnameHHbift me KHH3b IleTpT., hko me 6 i eMy oSunan, hh o leMi» me HpOCTH He HM^H, CO CMHp-feHHeMl OTB'felIia: »^a rjiarojiHTe eBpoHHH, h HKome penen., T o r j a cjiuuihmt..« O h h me HanoJiHHiuacH neHCTOBHH h CeccTyAHH [h] yMucjmwa yipeAHTH nHpi h coTBopHuia. M eraa 6uuia Becenn, HaMauia npocTupaTH CeceryAHbiH cboh rjiarojiu, ann uch ópemyme, OTHiiMaiome y cbhtuh 6o>khh » a p i , eróme h no CMepTH en 6on> HepaajiyHHa o 6 t m a . r n a r o n a x y : »0 rocnome, khhthhh O e B p o H H H ! Becb rpaAt h 6onpe bch rjiarojiiorb: flamflb HaMi., eróme npocHMi y Te6e.« OHa me pene: »Bo3MHTa", eróme npocHTa*0.« Ohh me eAHHbiMH ycTbi' 1 p t i u a " : »Mu y6o, rocnome, bch khh3h IleTpa xomeMT., Aa caMOAepmcTByerb Hajn> HaMH. Te6e m i meHbi Hauiu He xothtt., hko rocnoAbCTByeuiH Hain. hhmh, ho B3eMi> ch óoraTCTBO AOBOJibHO, h othah, aMome xoiueuiH.« OHa me pene: »OCtmaxcH BaMi, hko cjihko ame npocHTe, npHHMeTe. A3i> me BaMi rjiaro.iio: flaflHTe m h , eróme a 3 i nonpouiy y Baci..« O h h me, sjihh, TOMy pafl» Suuia, He B%Ayme CyAymaro, 11 rjiarojiauia ct> KJIHTBOK) HKO:

199

The Life of Peter, Prince of Murom »Anje Ohs

peiemH

effiiHOio, ö e s i

»HHHTome

HHO n p o r n y , tokmo

Bonpe

ptina

»Ame

me cam.

nocTaBHMt

cBoeMi.,

Bocxomen.,

HKO

cynpyra

HHoro

Hirrrome

hxi> a j i b i x i

khhsh

Moero,

th

Ilerpa.«

rnaronem».«

h ko a m e

MucjieH :

khhwao

caMOAepmua;

o n

He 6 y a e n > KHH3b

6onpi> e r o

Aepmame

caM-b 6 y a e n , c a M o n e p w e i n > . B n a m e H H U H KHH3b ü e r p - b He

BpeMeimaro caMOAepwcrBa meCTByfl

Boa[b]iteaiH.«

eft:

B p a n > 6 0 HanoJiHH

to

npeKOCJiOBHH

peie:

me

óowhhxt.

«powb

h a e p w a c H hxt>, hko

rierpi»,

bo y » r b bo3jik>6h

ho n o s a n o f f t A e m . e r o bo CBOeM EA aeoerbcrruuu

aanoBtae«,

CororjiacHbiH

MaTeft d

Au+e temo nyemum* Mceuy ceoio païen cAoeecu npeAioóodibuHazo, u OMceHumcn uno», — npeAtoóu meopumb. C e » « e 6 J i a w e H H b i H KHHSb I l e T p i n o EeamtAuto c o T B o p n : o j e p w a H H e C B o e B-femaen,, r j i a r o j i n :

hko y M e n i bm-^hh, n a a a n o s t A H 6owhh He p a a p y u i H n . . Ohh w e , sjihh hmi cyHW Ha p i i r t , r j i a r o j i e t r f c f t Ok-6 , « m e h aohuh'6 n o f f L

öojinpe,

aauia

rpajia

Toro.

H

TaKO

BcecHJibHaro 6 o r a ,

0TH«0iua

on.

CBoero

npoMbiujjiHiomaro

OTMecTBa, y n o B a a n e

cbohmh

crtHO»

nojiowme"

Ha

yroAHHKH.

• ÜJiOByiuHMii

hmi"

we

khchhh

ßjiameHHWi

no

eBpoHHH

ci

noMUCJiOMT..

CBHTan

cyH^xx,

cyAH-fe, e r o m e

6 b i c T b . T o h Hte n e i i o B i K T . , n p n e M i " CBHTyio

bt.

p-fci;-fe

bt.

h

h H-fcKHfl H e J i O B i K i 6 4 y m e n a bt. tomi w e cyflHt

n o M i i c j n . o r b j i y K a B a r o ( r f e c a , h Boap-fe H a

we

paayMt

nyxom»

ajiuH

ero

noMUCJir.

oöjihmh e r o , r n a r o j i H e M y : » r i o w e p n « BOAbi Hai p-fcKH ch» C T o p o H y c y A H a c e r o . « Ohi m e n o n e p n e . H n o B e j r f c e M y nHTH. Ohi» x t e hciih . H naKH cBHTan n o i e p n H y T H ct> A p y r y » C T o p o H y c y A H a h hciïhth . Ohi m e

h

BCHop-fe

eMy

TaKO. OHa m e

pene:

» K O H BOAa

cjiamAbuiH'*?«

Ohi» me OTB'fcnja: »EAHH3 eCTb BOAa CoHTafl m e

H BKyCT» eAHHT>.«

p e n e eMy

CHiie:

»II m e H C K o e e c T e c T B o eAHHO e c T b . T u

MUCJ1H11IH.«

HeJiOB-feKi

me

KT. TOMy TaKOBaH Beiepy KHHSb

ywe

IleTpi

AepwcTBa?«

toh yBHA"fc, hko bt. Hett

me,

npHcirtBuiy",

Hana

h

Ha ß p i a t me noT

momyio

[h] 6ohch"

nOMUUIJIHTH.

me

»Hto

khchhh

ce

6yAen>,

flpiBua

MaJiti,

Ha

BjiaweHHUH

BOJie»

roH3Hy

HHXime

me

caMO-

eMy:

T B o p e u i h npoMHCJieHHKi

Bl HHHjerfc 6bITH.« tomi ß j i a w e H H O M y khh3k> I l e T p y ero

eme

eBpoHHH r j i a r o j i a

» H e c K o p ß w , K H H w e ! MiiJiocTHBbitt 6 o n > , He OCTaBHTb

noBejrfc coTBopn

sceMy,

hai> r o T O B J i n x y , kotjiu B H C f l x y . I l o B e w e p H h bha^buih A p u a n a tuh, k

Ha B e i e p i o e r o

xoahiiih n o 6 e p e r y , h, rjiaroJiH: »^a CyAyn. CHH AP^Bua Ha yTpnn BeJiHKa AP^BHR, HMyme CÌTBHH H JIHCTHfl I« m e CBHTaH KHeiiHH eBpoHHH,

ÖJiarocJioBH

200

Hagiography

h 6hicn>.

Ewe HMyllie

B^TBHe

HKO

H

npHHAOuia »O

H

we

xoTHxy

BeJibMowH

MOJIHTH T H ,

hxt>

JiiOAHe

o n

rpana

KHHme I

rocnoAHHe

ffOXOMl"

tuh

BocTaBiiie 60 aayTpa, o G p t T o m a

aptBua

apì>bhh ,

BeJiHKa

JIHCTHe.

fla

bt> cvau co

MeTaTH MOJinme

Bcfcxi

BeJibMowi

On.

He

pyxjio

MypoMa,

OCTaBHUIH

aÖHe

h

orb

HaCT> C H p t l X t ,

Beerò

HO

rpaaa

B03BpaTHCH

npuH-

Ha

CBOe

khhwao 6 0 HXT. x o T H n e p w a B C T B O B a T H ; c a M H e n H s r y Ô H i u a ; a o c T a B i i i H H c o bcèmi. H a p o A O M i MOJiflTb TH, r j i a r o j i i o m e : ' O r o c n o A H H e khhwc ! A m e h n p o r H - f e B a x o M i . th h paaApaíKHXOMi, H e x o T H U i e , A a khchhh O e B p o H H H r o c n o A C T B y e n > w e H a M H Mhosh

OTenecTBo!

H a i i i H M H , HUH-fe JllOÔHMT. H

60

we

BejibMOWH

co

bo

h

ßp-fcra,

rjiarojiiome :

h

rpan'fe

BcfcMH A O M u "

MOJIHM-b, A a

CBOHMH

He OCTaBHUIH H a d . ,

on.

norußoma

paôH

pa6l

Mena,

ecMbi B a t o " ,

XOIUeMI.

H

CBOHXT. !«

K H H 3 b r i e T p i h ß j i a w e H H a H khchhh O e B p o H H H BosBpacboH, c j i a B H 6 o r a , n p o c j i a B J i m o m a r o cboh y r o A H H K H . M 6-fexy AepwaBCTByioiue bo r p a j v b tomi, x o A u m e bo B c f e x t a a n o B - f e a e x i h o n p a B A a H H H X i . r o c n o A H H x i 6eai> n o p o K a , h bt. H e n p e c T a H H u x i M O J i b ß a x T . h mhjioCTHXT. KO BCt»MT> JIIOA6MT>, CyLUHMT. IIOAl OÔJiaCTHIO HXT.. ÂKH MaA0JIK>6HBblH OTeivb h M a T H 6%CTa" ko BcfeMt, h j i i o G o B b p a B H y H M y i u e , He JnoGmJue r o p A O C T H , BjiaweuHbiH

bo

THCTacH

HH

we

rpaAi.

rpaSjieHHH,

nacTHpn", npocTHio Baiome, Bannie

a

bt.

ho

hko

He

npaBflme,

6ora

Gorarfewma.

HaeMHHKa'*,

CTpaHHbiH

ö^ahuh o r b h yrowAaioiue

HanacTH

rpaAi

Etera

60

npueMJiioiiie,

60

BceMy

rpaay

HCTHHHan

cboh hcthhho h kpotocthm,

a

ajiMHun

OA"b-

Hacumaioiue,

Harnn

He

h bo bchkomi Ô J i a r o t e c T H H n p e ö u h huh'è h n p H C H O h bo b^kh b^komt. !

HaßaBJiHiome

6 o r y , e M y w e CJiaBa

* Erna

we

npHcrrfe

eAHHi»

nací

BpeMH

OÖJieKWeCH

CjraroMecTHoe

hxt.

npecTaBJieHHe,

yMOJWiua

6ora,

Aa

bo

cobiti c o T B O p H B i i i e , A a 6 y A y r b n o J i o w e H b i bo cahhomi rpoßt, h n o B e j r f c c T a ch yipeAHTH bo cahhomi. K a M e H H ABa r p o 6 a , eflHHy tokmo n p e r p a A y H M y m e M e w A y C06010. C a M H w e bo cahho rieTpi bo ÔbICTb

BO

Cynen.

npecTaBjieiiwe

MHHLUeCKHH

BO

HHOwecKOMT» HHOqeCKOMT.

HHHv MHHy

hxt>.

pH3bl;

flaBHAT.,

H

H HapeneHT) npenoAOÔHan

6bICTb 6 j i a W e H H b l f t we

eBpoHHH

KHH3b

HapeneHa

EßlfpOCHHHH.

Bt> t o w e BpeMH n p e n o A O Ô H a n h ß j i a w e H H a a O e B p o H H H b o xpaMi> I l p e i H C T b i H BoropoAHUu JiHKi

coßopHbin

cbhtuxi. »0

cecTpo

uepKBH

IlpeftjiaweHHbiH EB(J)pocHHHH !

CBOHMa we

Xomy

ywe

KynHO OTHAeMi.« OHa

we

»IIowah, O h i »Ywe Hko

we

IleTpi

othth

uibHiue" npHCJia on.

B03Ayxi>, Kl

rfejia.

He«,

Ha

HeMwe

ruarojTH:

H y w A y "

th, hko

OTpeie: rocnoAHHe, BTopoe

Majio we

pynaMa

KHH3b

Aa

nocjia

noway

TpeTHueio

AOiiibio

kt> H e H ,

B03AyxT>

bo

CBHTyio

uepKOBb.«

rjiarojm :

th.« nocjia

kt> H e t t ,

r.narojiH :

npecTaBHTHCH h H e w n y th.« O H a w e o c T a T O H H o e a^jio B 0 3 A y x a T o r o C B H T a r o i i i b n u i e , y w e 6 0 e A H H a r o C B H T a r o pH3T> e m e H e uihbi>, J i H u a w e H a u i H B t . PI n p e c T a . H B O T w e ' nray CBOK) Bi> B 0 3 A V X T . h n p H B e p r t H H T H K ) , e i o w e n i b H i u e , h n o c j i a ko Ô J i a w e H H O M y Í J a B H A y o KynHtMT. n p e c T a B J i e H H H . H n o M O J i H B U i e c H , n p e A a c T a cbhtuh' cboh e A y u i H bi. pyirb 6 0 W H H , M^CHua hiohh bi> 25 AeHb , »ywe

xomy

7

The Life Ilo

npecTaBJieHHH

of Peter, Prince

of

HXT» B o c x o r t c T a "

we

201

Murom

JiioflHe n o j i o m i m i

6jiameHHaro

JlaBHfla BHyTpH r p a a a BT> C060pH0fl uepKBH npeHHCTbi EoropORHUbi, CBHTHH me BH*fe r p a a a BT. weHcrfcMT. MOHacTiip-fe BT> uepKBH

EBtfpocHHHH noJiowHiua

rtjio

Bo3flBH>«eHHH HecTHaro

KpecTa,

» B o MHHiuecTfeM-b*1 o 6 p a 3 t

HKO:

rjiarojiiome, He y r o a n o

HXT. BO eaHHOMT.

ecTb nojiomHTH

rpoßi.« H

ynpeAHUia

hmi

OCOÔHHH H BJiomniua

rpo6u

BT. HH

no

yTpen,

EB(J>POCHHHH rfejio

CBHTUH

a

Bo3HBHH TOIUH, BT.

HXT. o ô p t T O C T a "

rtjieca

rpo6t,

Hepa3yMHHH, HKome BT.

me

mHBorfc o HHXT. MHTymecH, TaKo H no necTH-feMT. HXT. npecTaBJieHHH naKH n p e jiowHiua h BT. OCOÖHUH rpoôbi, h naKH paaHecouiacH. H

naKH me Ha yTpHH

OÖp'feTOCTaCH CBHTHH BO eflHHOMT. rpOÔt. H KT, TOMy He CM%HXy npHKOCHyTHCH CBHTblMT. 1-fejieCeM-b HXT.. Ii nojiomnuia H BO CAHHOMT. rpoO-fe, BT. HeMT>me caMH noBeJrfecTa, BT. coCopHOfl uepKBH PomecTBa IIpeHHCTUfl BoropoAHUbi, BHyTpb r p a f l a , flme fla^e 6on> Ha npocB'feiueHHe h Ha cnaceHHe

rpany

TOMy. Aiue 60 KTO CT. B-tpow n p H x o s H T i

BT. pau"fe Momen HXT., HeocKyflHO HCU'fcjieHHe npHeMJien.. HHOQ'bxi

1

l o c . pl.

: HHOH-b.

noaoTBopeivL

1

gen.

' Pycrta

pi.

sg. : P y c ( b C ) K a H .

loc.

' HeHaBHUHH pr. a. p., del. : HeHaBHfl-bTH. * BcejiH aor. 3 sg. : B(i)cejiHTH. ' Onrne imp/. 3 «17. : 6UTH. » MeiTu instr. pi. : MeqTa. • Tan cue imp/. 3 sg. : TaHTH. • BCH KJiioiBBmancn soil, flijia. cJiOBecbi inslr. pi. : CJIOBO. " yB-feCH pr. 2 sg. : yB*fea*feTH. " B-fett-h loc. sg. : B-feKi. " cepauu = cupamu loc. sg. : cbpnbiie. " npneMoiH p. a. p., /. : npHHTH. " 3MHK> npaJierbBuiy

dat.

M y w e B H dat.

B-fe.TtTH.

abs.

"

: Mywb.

sg.

«"ten "

HteiicrtM-L Ioc. sff. : wen(b)cKT..

jj-bTu.

c u o c i dal.

M

a. p. :

"

B3CMI p .

"

B p a i e B T » gen.

: cHoxa.

sg.

B(*b)3nTH. : Bpasb.

pl.

n o m . pl. : MHon>. • Ha«) gen.

: MU.

du.

• n y H y aor.

3 sg.

u i y c H eMy dat. napu

als.

instr. pl. :

i m p / . 3 du.

"

a o r . 3 pl. : p c i u H .

"

ÖOHTHCH.

C T p a c - t loc. "

sg.

HIHTH.

•• B o c x o r t c T a

"

"

"

: ont.

: CUTH.

"

nyHtay pr. "

ot

pl.

1 pl.

: npHBTH.

n a c T u p n nom.

1 sg. :

HyaHTH.

Bocxorfcuia

du.

n o c T a B H C T a a o r . 3 du.

: OHI.

pl.

•» n a n e

"

oötmaB-

CbiH p r . a. p . , det. UOHTH.

KHHTHHH.

"

"

: CUTH. mHBHCTa

öory . . . npo-

2 du.

rparn.

(reí. •»

ptma

•• n j i O B y u i H M i . . . . H M I d a l . a b s . /. : c j i a f l i H i .

"

COHCH a o r .

•• HU a c c . p l . : MU. "

aoMhi i n s l r . pl. "

B I T I I E aor.

BOCXOTÌTH.

3 sg. :

noTMe a o r . ** B a i o gen.

HaeMHHKa n o m . du.

BOTMÇ =

aor. 3 pl. :

H acc.

y c r u insír. pl. : ycTa.

: nojiowHTH.

: Hasi.

3 sg. : n o s b p r m y T H .

aor.

•• B03MHTa imp. "

a c c . pl.

: cvriHaTHCH. "

OHI.

MHO3H T o n a ï u e •=

•• s a B H

aor. 3 sg. :

KHeBHH =

: BejiHHa.

: oöptCTH.

u

non

: pa3Bp"tCTH.

" c^a>KflbuiH comp. dat. abs. (temp.).

n p H H a o x o M T . aor.

aor. 3 du. instead

l o c . sg. : MHHuibCKT».

HOHTH.

: CTpaxi.

p a 3 B p p 3 e a o r . 3 sg.

Benepy . . . n p H c n t B u i y "

pl.

n p o c H T a i m p . 2 d u . : DPOCHTH.

" O-fecra i m p / . 3 du.

impf. 3 tg. :

aor. 3 sg. :

n o . i o w u i e p . a . p . , nom.

3 sg. : D O T ( i ) K H y T H . BU.

nofin.

n p a e M i p . a . p . : npHHTH. "

Ha + HH acc.

: cjiyra.

CopoTHCH.

acc. sg. :

Ha + Hb sg.

noiepne

: HCTHHCTBOBam.

" "

"

Ha HH = sg.

*• öpaTHCH =

o C p n m y T b p r . 2 pl.

: rpncTH.

•* JitTu instr. pi. :

prep.

noB'fcntAb i m p . 2 sg. : iioB'ba'feTH. p r . 2 sg.

p r . a. p . , d e l . :

•• B t n u H

s e j m u ' b H loc.

HCTHHCTBynH p r . a. p . , det. "

u C o n p o ) : B(T»)3HTH.

"

BAHB

COTHCTCH p r . 3 sg.

napi.

: MHTH.

"

"

"

c . i a u ^ H i o i i i y d a l . abs.

(temp.).

"

c n y s t dat.

"

: Bpaib.

pl. "

rpnaeuiH

: ayHVTU.

a o r . 3 sg. : n a T H .

p r . a. p . : MLHHTH/Mbii-feTH.

: c(i)p-6cTH.

loc. sg.

»' M e n o B t H H i n s í r . p l .

"

MHH

" MiiHH = MbHbH comp.

fijiaHieHH'ÈMT,

B p a M e B e nom.

14

"

c p t T e n o r . 3 sg.

u

"

» T b i a u i e i m p / . 3 sg. : n > K a T H .

"

p r . 2 sg. : B t o f e T H .

c y M H n c f l p r . a. p . : cyM(b)H*6THCH.

3 sg. :

"

du.

:

inbHine

BIRBKHYTH.

•• M H H U i e c r b M i

i n s t e a d o/ n o c T a B H i n a a o r . 3 pl.

: nocTaBHTH

202

Hagiography

" BJiowHCTa aor. 3 du. instead 0/ BJiowmna. aor. 3 pi.: BJiomHTB. in stead o / oOp-iToma aor. 3 pi. : oOptcTH.

" 08ptT0CTa aor. 3 du.

* Murom, a town on the Oka River in the principality of R'azan'. b Agrlk, a hero of Russian epic tales, possessed a magic sword. c The principality of Murom was a part of the principality of R'azan'. d Bib. Matthew the apostle. e 1228.

METROPOLITAN CYPRIAN: T H E L I F E OF P E T E R , F I R S T M E T R O P O L I T A N OF MOSCOW Cyprian (d. 1406), who was of Bulgarian or Serbian origin, was consecrated Metropolitan of Russia in 1376 by the Patriarch Philotheus of Constantinople, b u t owing to the opposition of the Great Prince Dimitrij of Moscow, he at first settled in Kiev, moving to Moscow in 1380. As a successor to Peter, the first Russian metropolitan (1305-26) to make his official residence in Moscow, Cyprian resolved to write his predecessor's biography, having found an earlier biography by Proxor, Bishop of Rostov, obsolete from the point of view of contemporary, i. e. Muscovite, hagiographical methods. Towards the end of The Life of Peter Cyprian refers to the difficulties he encountered during his tenure in office, alluding to the fact t h a t he was compelled to spend the years 1382-90 in exile in Constantinople. His banishment was ordered by the Great Prince Dimitrij who accused him of plotting intrigues with the Great Prince Ol'gerd of Lithuania, where Cyprian was also acknowledged titular head of the Russian Church. The account of Cyprian's miraculous recuperation from an illness through the invocation of his predecessor is purported to be an a t t e m p t to rehabilitate himself in the eyes of the Muscovite readers of the biography. The text is taken from The Book of Degrees of the Imperial Genealogy (Kmira CTeneHHafl uapcKoro POAOCJIOBHH) (St. Petersburg, 1913), Vol. I, printed in Vol. X X I of "IIojiHoe coCpamie pyccniix jieTonwcett." K i m p i i a H a , MHTponoJiHTa KiieBbCKaro, 3KHTH6 H d o ^ b h s h 1 H Majio c b n o B l w a H H e o r t H S E BO CBHTBIXB o T b i j a H a u i e r o

noaect

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206

Hagiography

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The Life of Peter, First

Metropolitan

207

of Moscow

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H OOWHIO leJiOB-fcuy IleTpy, cwue p e K i : »NPHHMH* 7 6oropoAHibHUH oGpaai CBHTHIH, Hme TU cBOHMa pynaMa Hanncajii ecn. Cero 6o paAH H Boanapae re&b napoBa: caMa HKOHa o Tefrfc npopene.« M o n w i e y60 CBHT%HIIIHH naTpnapxi A ^ O H A C N E " , HA B C H K I NEHB 6ecfeflbi flyuienojie3HiiH npocTHpan, CBHTHTCJIIO IleTpy rnarojia c«ue: »BJIIOAH, ia«o H 6paTe, o X p H c r f c BOAJIIOCJIEHBIH, B I KANOBU H KOJIHKH noflBHrH Biuejii ecn! Ce Te6t BCJIHKHH Kopa6iib XpncToci» Cora nopyiHjn. ecTb HacTaBjiHTH H npaBHTH H KO npHCTaHHmeMi. cnaceHHH NPHBECTH. JX& He o6jrfeHHUIHCH HHKorfla me, aa He yHueuiH, Aa He OTnroraniHCH BE.IHKHMT noneHEHHEMI» BejiHMecTBa H MHOMECTBA 3eMJia PycbCKHH. Ce NPHEMHHKI» C u e r b " anocTOJibcuaro cjiymeHHH. fltjiaTeJin Te6e XpHCTOCb BHHorpama cBoero nocTaBH. B Y A H noApamaTenb anocronoM-B I B Y N H YNEHHKI» HCTHHHUH cnacoBi 1 H K O AA H T y H co AepaHOBeHHeMi. BO B T o p o e n p H i u e c T B H e ero craHeniH, BAUBAN: T o c noAH I Ce aai> H a^TH , nme MH ecn «ajn. I'« H TAKOBBIMH cJiOBecu H HHBIMH MHOHOHUIHMH BcerAa 6jiameHHaro noynaH, H no AHexi> H3I> cjiaBHa KoHCTHHTHHarpaAa ornycTH. OHOMy me nsmeAiny H Mope ÓJiaronojiynbH'fe npenJiyBmy H KO CBHT%HIUHH MHTponoJiHH pyebeKaro npecTOJia npHuieAmy H MNP-B K 6jiarocnoBeHHe BC6MI> noAaBiny", n a i a n . ywHTH 6oroMi nopyneHHoe eMy craflo, npexoAfl OTT. IRFECTA AO MTCTA CT> eJiHU ^ M I ' 1 , ame KTO penen., CMHPTHHEMI. me H TPYAOMI H KPOTOCTHIO, noMHH&n peninaro: Bb cepdi^u xpomKuxb nonuemi 6oei; H naKH pene: Cepdye eoitpytueHo u cMupeno 6on> He yHutu&cumh . . . *

M HKO y 6 o

npoxowAaiue

BO CNABHBIH r p a m i . , a o s o M b i H HapoAHy",

a He HKO m e

MtcTa

H rpaAü

MocKBa',

6omHH MEJIOB-FENI I l e T p i ,

e m e TorAa Majiy c y m y

npHRAe

eMy H H e M H o r o -

Hbnrfc BHAHMT. e c T b HAMH. Bi> TOMI y 6 o r p a A ^

OÓjjaAaH 6jiarO 6omecTBeHbiMi>

6omHHMi> nHcaHHHMT,

UEPKBAMI

H

rtxi.

H nocJiyiuaTean

CJIYMHTEJIEMT., CBHTbixi

yieHHH

208

Hagiography

KHHHtbHuxi. eMy,

H 3iJio

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hko

na

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B03Jik>6h

coTBopHTi Hainen

ero

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r p a j r f c C o B t m e B a e n > w e coB-fcrb 6 j i a n > uepnoBb,

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h

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cocTaBJieHy,

ripHCHOj'feBHiia

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kiih3h>,

b o hmh

MapHHP,

coB-feTy«

IlpeiHCTbiH

npoponecTBOBaB-b

hko:

» A i i i e MeHe, cuhv, n o c j i y u i a e u m h xpaM-b ü p e i H C T U H B o r o p o z m u b j B03ABHweuiH bo C B o e M i r p a o r f c , h c a M i n p o c . i a B H Q i H C H n a n e hhuxi KHH3ew h c u H O B e h bhvuu tboh bt. p o s u h p o j u . M r p a a i n p o c j i a ß j i e H i 6 y a e n > bo B c f c x i r p a u - f e x i p y c K H X i , h cbathtcjim no>«nByn> bt> n e M i . , h B3biAyn> p v K H e r o Ha n n e m a B p a n > e r o , h n p o c J i a B H T C f l S o r a bt> H e M t ! E m e w e h moh kocth bi> HeMi

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bchkt. a e H b

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H

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h

Ha

ayxoBHoe,

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bo BC6MT»

Haiarb

npHJiemaTH

nocjiyuiaiomy

MecTb

CBoeMy n o r o c n o f l H e M y n o B e j r f c H w o , e m e p e i e

yMupan

Ha BCHKT. a e H b .

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h,

110

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we

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oObmaw 6 n m e eMy

n p H 3 b i B a e i * b HtKoero H M e H e M i I l p o T a c H H , e r o w e 6-fe HHH3b CTaptwiiiHHy rpaaa

KHH3b 6o Toraa He npwJiyMHCH bo rpaflt. B-FE w c IlpoTacHH oht> Mywb neCTeHT» h B-fepeHT> h bchkhmh aoßpuMH Ä-fejibi yKpauieHi. M p e i e nocTaBHJii», — eMy:

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we

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r o c n o A b 6on> C T 0 p H u e i 0 aa

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mc,

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eme

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hctoiuhth to. BcfeMT> BKyn-fe MOJiHTBt c y m H bo y c r f e x i . e r o ,

coBepuieHHe

101

aacTb

eMy,

Mitpi. a a B i ,

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Ha

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H a M a n . BenepHio

nyina orb rfeaa ncxowaaiue,

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The Life of Peter, First Metropolitan pyKH

Ha

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H

rtjio

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of

209

Moscow

3eMJiH o c T a ,

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we

Ha

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CT» B e J l H K O » CKOpOCTHIO BO r p a j T . n p H C i r f c B U I y " , c o BcfcMH cbohmh , o i t p e c T a B J i e H H H a o ö p a r o O T b u a h 6 j i a r a r o yiHTeJin BeJibMH . M H a o ^ p t cbhtoto n o c T a B J i b u i e , kt> u e p K B H n o H e c o m a , hko w e e c T b M e p T B b i . v n . tbophth ... I I o a p i > y ö o ct. MouibMu ko r p o G y npn-

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naKH ko U a p i o r p a ^ y

y c T p e M H X c n n , TaMO mh a o c T H r i u y n o

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»Paöells HMaiun

HecTpoeHH»

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cTepnHMbi ceöe

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60

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1

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mh, hko ott> OHoro M a c a öojiI>:mh o i i u H e c T e p i i H M b i a n p e c T a u i a , h bt. M a . ' i u x i a t n e x i H;fb u a p c T B y i o m a r o rpa^a hsuaoxx110 h öowhhmt. n o c n t uieHHeMT. h y r o f l H H K a C B o e r o npHHaoxT.1*1 h iiokjiohhxch r p o ö y MioaoTBOpHOMy. BbpyHTe we

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(confess.).

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...

• np»ne,THHUbi

• n o x B a J i n e M y n p a B e s i i H K y dat. abs. (caus.). MH dal. abs.

leern» culli

cbhthtcjih h m o ^ O T B o p u a H c n p a ß j i e i i H H ! h3t> M J i a a a h ott. c a M b i n iohocth ö o r y

BocnpocjiaBH

n o m . pl. : n o a B H n . .

h

4

• CMaTpniomy dat. abs.

nom.

iiphb.ih'ihmt. pr. (caus.).

7

pl. : npaBeaiinni.;npaBh,ibHHKT,.

p. p. : npHBJia4iiTii.

s

xOTdmy

MH CTonimo, arid the following

forms

in the same sentence : s p i m i » , iiac.TtilCTBOBaniUHi dat. abs. (caus.). ' WHie art. r e / . noB-feCTb. 11 ' e w e art. ref. OTiliecTBHe. po.iHTr.iio x p n c T H n i t y H O - i a r o r o i i i H i i y gen. du. eMy c y u x y dat. abs. (temp.). " U B i T U i n s l r . pt. p . a. p., dat. jie-iXaiuy dat.

11

"

c n t T H i o m y m.HeBH dat. abs. (temp ). H 3 p a c n . m e p . a. p . : H3pacTH. i i i i o a w i n s f r . pl. a a p M H i n s i r . pl. : a a p i . " powwiuiy = pomabuiy

sg. : p o j H T H . abs.

(concess.).

"

n o c T H r m y p. a. p., dat. " OTBepsn imp.

sg. : AOCTHriiyTH.

i sg. : OTBp-fccTH.

"

ywHTe.ieBH . . . n p H o u o M y . . . OTBepsiuy

dat.

(

210

Hagiography

abs. (temp.)** HanacoBame imp/. 3 sg. : nanacosaTH. " a s y i e B a n i e imp/. 3 sg. : HsyieBara. •• ObiBmy . . . eMy dat. abs. (temp.). " l i n e art. re/. HryueHa. " nocTpHaaeTCfl pr. 3 tg. : nocTpaaaTHCH. " cooTp-hayero pr. 3 tg. : cnoTp-fcaoBani. " Houiame i m p / . 3 tg. : HOCBTB. " BJiacnsBua acc.pl. " n p a e x j i e r b pr. 3 sg. : npBBMaTa. " ewe art. re/. cjiymBTB. " BaBbiie a or. 3 tg. : HaBUKuyTB. ** n p a j i e m a aor. 3 tg. : npajiemaTB. ** n a u i a pr. a. p. : nacaTB. " oCox)BHTB. " 0*6 imp/, (aor.) 3 sg. : OUTH. " aernia gen. sg. " BJiajuHBua . . . Ooroponflita gen. sg. " n p u e M i p. a. p. : npBHTB. c u a , B-fcabiH, cxoarni pr. a. p., det. : OUTH, B-FTJRFETH, c(i)xoflBTB. " HBKOMy . . . B03(SpaHfli0iuy dat. abs. (caus.). " MaeMoe M pr. a. p., det. n . : MaflTB. CJiOBecu instr. pi. " nyTeBB dat. sg. : ny-rb. " Hanacyen pr. 3 sg. : HanHcosaTH. " n p a m a m e imp/. 3 sg. : npocaTB. " repoHTBeBa . . . npauienmy dat. abt. (temp.). " IleTpy . . . nocTarmy, Bmenmy, n o n n u B w y dot. abs. (temp.). " Boansamecn aor. 1 tg. : BissBBrHyTBcn. " KopafljieBH dat. sg. : xopaGJib. " o n p t u i a c H aor. 3 pi. : onp'bTBCH. " TBopnxy imp. 3 pi. : TBOPBTB. " ABH3axycfl imp. 3 pi. : jBH3aTHCH. " cKaaaxoMi aor. l pi. : c(i)KaaaTB. " a w e art. re/. I l e r p x . •• HanacaBbin p. a. p., det. : HanacaTa. MBTPOnonafl gen. sg. " aaHMOBaHHy p . p. p., acc. sg. /. : aaflMOBaTB. n p o j i a n aor. 3 tg. : npoJIBHTB. " BJiaAuirfe dat. tg. : BJiajUJKa. " TepoHTae = repoHTaa. " H a i a r i aor. 3 tg. : n HaiaTB. MHoa-b toe. tg. : MHOIT>. " BoaMowe aor. 3 sg. : BoaMomH/BtaMomH. " p-fcxoM-b aor. 1 pi. : peniH. " yKpauiesan pr. a. p. : ynpanieBaTH. " IleTpy . . . Bxonmuy dat. abt. (temp.). " cfcOHB pr. a. p., del. : cfejrbTB. " n p a n r b aor. 3 sg. : npBHTB. •• a w e art. re/. IleTpi. 11 OoropoflHua gen. tg. " n a T p a a p x y . . . coBepuiaiomy dat. abt. (temp.). " npaeMi p. a. p. : npanTH. ** nacaxOMi aor. 1 pi. : nacaTB. " n p a j i y i b u i a n p. a. p., acc. pi. : n p a jiyiBTa. •• n p a p e K i incorr. instead o/ npHpese. npBBMB imp. 2 sg. : npBHTB. " AijioHacae = AitOHacaa. " OucTb aor. 2 tg. : OUTH. " OHOMy . . . B3aieAiuy, npenjiyBiuy, npHmeflrny, noflaBmy dat. abt. " e n a u t M i instr. >0. : eJiHKi. " MaJiy cyuiy eMy B HeMHoroHaM poAHy dat. abt. " 0CH0BaHB'B e a OUBIHH dat. abt. (temp.). KBH3H> . . . nocnyuiaioiKy, nonaBaiomy dat. abt. (caut.). " npoyBHfl-6 aor. 3 sg. : npoyBHjrfcTH. " flbHeBB OuBiiiy dat. abs. (temp.). " CBoeMy cuHy dat. sg. instead of toe. eg. CBoeMi cuHy. " ewe art. re/. : BcxomflaHHe. " yvbxb aor. 3 tg. : yBtfltTH. oTxowfly pr. I tg. : OTXOAHTH. 1,1 MOJIHTB'6 c y m a ,M dat. abs. (concess.). caMOMy Boafl-hBiuy dat. abs. (temp.). HHnaio . . . n p a c n t B i u y dat. abs. (temp.). Tyxtauie imp/. 3 sg. : TywBTB. nocTaBJibrae p. a. p., nom. pi. : nocraBHTB. npHHecme p. a. p., nom. pi. : npatiecTB. x o i a pr. a. p. (adu.) TOMBTH. HepnneMua pr. p. p., det. : lepnaTB. " * ewe art. re/. coQopa. ' " npauiefliuy MB dat. abs. (temp.). IN j].BTy HacTaBniy dat. abs. (temp.). MB nocraruiy and the following HaA'bioiuy MH cn dat. abt. (temp.). MB dat. poss. tofline imp/. 3 sg. : OUTH. BeJiHHy BecTpoeHBio B H y w f l H HajiewauiB dat. abs. (caut.). cyuiy MH-6 dat. abt. (temp.). "< Hanajtotna aor. 3 pi. : uanacTB. paOe DOC. sg. : p a 6 i . yronHBie HOC. tg. : yronHBKi. BSUAOXI aor. 1 tg. : 111 n p a n a o x i aor. 1 sg. : npaBTa. flHMHTpHe = AHMHTPHH. aaiBTB. a

The d a t e and place of his birth are u n k n o w n . The Principality of Volhynia near the rivers Prip'at" a n d B u g was a p a r t of the Kingdom of Galicla at the end of t h e t h i r t e e n t h and t h e beginning of t h e f o u r t e e n t h century, c T h e n a m e of the m o n a s t e r y to which P e t e r retired is u n k n o w n , d St. J o h n Climax was t h e a u t h o r of The Ladder to Paradise (seventh century). e Prince JuriJ I (b. 1262), t h e son of Lev, King of Galicia, reigned f r o m 1301 t o 1316. f Maxim, a Greek, Metropolitan of Kiev (1283-1305), left Kiev in 1299 and moved t o Vladimir in t h e n o r t h e a s t of Russia. This was an event of great political significance, for It symbolized t h e t r a n s f e r of t h e spiritual center of all Russia from Kiev t o Vladimir. g Gerontlus w a s appointed Metropolitan of Russia illegally (i. e., w i t h o u t t h e approval of t h e patriarchal elective body) in 1308 h y t h e a m b i t i o u s Great Prince Mixall of T v e r ' (12711319) and sent t o Constantinople in order t o obtain the p a t r i a r c h ' s consent and a p p r o b a t i o n . h I t w a s t h e king's intention t o establish his own i n d e p e n d e n t m e t r o p o l i t a n of Galicla. 1 P a t r i a r c h A t h a n a s i u s of Constantinople. 1 P e t e r w a s a b b o t of t h e m o n a s t e r y be himself had founded in Volhynia. k T h e Hagla Sophia Cathedral in Constantinople. 1 Moscow was then b u t a small provincial town in t h e Principality of Suzdal'-Vladtmir. m I v a n Kalita (Money-purse), Prince of Moscow and Great Prince of Vladimir (1328-41), w a s t h e first " g a t h e r e r of t h e land of Russia." b

The Life

of St. Stefan of

Perm'

211

Alexander NevskiJ. The transfer ot the religious center from Vladimir to Moscow was an event of great historical Importance for the rise of Moscow as the center of Russia. P The Cathedral of the Assumption of the Holy Virgin (UspenskiJ Sobor) in the Kremlin. Q Bib. The apostle Paul. ' The metropolitan died In 1326. • Patriarch Phllotheus of Constantinople. t A reference to the Great Prince Dimltrij of Moscow, conqueror of the Tatars in the battle of Kulikovo (1380). n 0

E P I P H A N I U S THE SAGE: THE L I F E OF ST. S T E F A N OF P E R M ' Epiphanius the Sage, as he was called because of his rhetorical and oratorical talents, was a native representative of the new hagiographical school. He had visited the monasteries of Constantinople, Mount Athos, and Jerusalem, where he became strongly impressed by the modern Byzantine and South Slavic art of biographical literature. He died ca. 1420 as an ordinary monk in the famous Trinity Monastery near Moscow. The Life of St. Stefan of Perm' appears to have been written in 1397, a year after Stefan's death. I t is an outstanding example of the new style of hagiographical composition, in which the method of rhetorical hyperbolism and accumulation of epithets and attributes is richly applied. The excerpts here selected are taken from V . G. Druiinin, JKHTHe CBHTOTO CTe$aHa, enncnona IlepMCKoro, HanHcaHHoe ENHaHHeM npenyapiJM (St. Petersburg, 1897).

EnH$aHHH IIpeMyHparo SKHTHS O r e $ a H a IlepM&CKaro H « e npencuo6HbixT> Mywen WHTiie » o 6 p o ecTb cJuiuiaTH, HJIH H npermcaTH naMHTH paflH, o6aie o n . cero npHHocnn. y c n t x i He x y a i H nonbsy He Many NOCJIYMATEJIEMI H CKAAATENEMI1, CBTNYME HABTCTO. BHA^HHe 6o ecTb BipHtmiiH cJiwuiaHHH, yB-fcpHn. Hie MHoramjui h c n y x i cJibimauiHMi, ame Syflyrj. BO HCTHHy rjiarojieMaH. Ame JIH He HanncaHa 6yflyn> naMHTH paflH, TO Haunen. HC naMHTH, H BT> npexoAnmafl jrfcTa H npeM-fcHyioUIHMT. ponoMx yjo6b CHH aaGBeHa* Gynyrb. ^ a ame 6ec nncaHHH sa6biBaeMa CbJBawTb, TO He nojieaHO ecTb erne* BI 3a6trrb IIOJIO>KHTH MHTHE ero H, a « o mySHH-fe, MOJiiaHHw npenaTH TOJiHKy nojibay. Ilmnero H IIoyseHuu CBoeMT>, rjiarojifl: Bydu peenumeAb npaeo otcueyufUMt, u curb UMena u Mcumun u dibjieca nanutuu na ctoeMi cpbdifu. EjibMa w e [as-b] He aocTHroxi BT> Ty M-fepy H He npHHaoxi BT> cne npncjio, ewe HEBHFLHMO HA PASYMHUXI CKPIJHOJI'fexi [H] cpbfleMHtixt HanncaTH, HO HA HioBCTBeHbixi xapTHHXt H3BOJIHXI> NHCATH, cero panH H aat, xyabiH H He«oCTOHHHH, y6orbiH HHOKT>, weJiaHneMi o6«epH H JIIOSOBHIO NOABHSAEMI, xorfcjn. Cbixi* HanncaTH Majio, — HKO on. MHora Majio HA B0CN0MHHAHHE, KynHo we H NAMHTH paaH, — o n soGpa H u o j H a HKHTHH,

H

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TIoABHsame

60 CH NEHB o n . AHE HKO aetuin aoöpon JIOAHA, paayMHbin ßPASAU nporoHHH H

MHoropasjiHMHbiH nJiOAbi 6jiar0H3B0JieHHH npHHOCH 6ory. ITpeme 60 B c t r i Bxomawe BT> uepKOBb Ha MOJiHTBy, H nocjrfe BcfcxT. HajiaaHme". Gnyxa me CBOH" yMHO npeKJiaHHUie o MHCTUXT. noBtcTexi

H YWHTEJIBHUXI CJioBecfexT..

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BT> riepMii

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214

Hagiography

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BnjiewaHe, BbmewaHe,

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Bojizapb°.

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oapi-KiiM-few.

ki

npewe

The Life Tjiajxi me, rnarojiio,

of St. Stefan

Bi

yqeHHiiH"

215

Perm'

He r j i a j i xirtÖHbiH, ho r j i a A i , eme He cJiuniaTH u i o B a

Comwa, eme h JiaBHjiT. B^ma: Bo IToHje

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216

Hagiography K»Ke

BI.IJBII/Ke

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The

Life

of St. Stefan

of

217

Perm'

H BT> HOaiH H BO AB"**, H n o jrfccy H n o

no;iio, HapoaoMi>.

H 6 e 3 i HapoAa H n p e a i

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218

Hagiography H

MHorawAbi o ceMi> c i n a p a x y c H

H He ß'FC paBHO

npoxewH

co6oio,

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rjiarojin:

The Life »rioHAeB'fc, « a cyay

of St. Stefan of

BHHfleß-fc 06a

BT. orHb

219

Perm'

nannup»

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220

Hagiography

HHCJiOMi. MeThipe

Mewy

AB-feMa a e c n n i M a

HHCJiy CJIOBI, OBa y O o cJioBa

noaoÓHCH

CJIOBT.,

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H TaKO n p O C T e p i 1 0 3 HOS-fe144 CBOH Ha JIOJKH CB0eMT>, H 6paTMHM*b npeACTORIUHMl H

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II

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H

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p^CHOry

c y m a X B a j i u ! Hocmoum fla

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KaKO TH B*b3M0>KeMl> n o flOCTOHHIIK) BOCXBajIHTH?

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anOCTOJIOMI?

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Mapna

3eMJiH MoaHHa

EsaHre-THCTA,

BorocnoBa,

The Life of St. Stefan of AHTHOxHHCKaH J l y K y TpeneCKaH

AHaptH

MocKBa

>Ke

HOBaro

6jiawMn>

we,

3eMJiH J I e o i i T n a v ,

o eniicKone

anoerojia,

hko

HKO B O H i a 1 0 ' , HKO

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cBoero;

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kiih3h B o J i o j H M e p a , K p e c T H B i u a r o 10, h «ithtt. ü e r p a M H T p o n o J i H T a u hko

HioaoTBopi;a,

P0CT0BbCKaH m e Teöe

EBaHreJiHCTa, Anocmna,

3eM.iH B e j i m t o r o

PycKan

221

Perm'

11

mthtt. —

ymrrejin, HaCTaBHHKa,

hko HaKa-iaTeJiH, hko

nponoB-fcaHHh-a,

HKO TOÖOK) TbMfal H lÖblXOMT.,

hko to6oh)

CB-ferb

no3iiaxoMi!... *

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iloHTO e r o

BseMuie He

npHHecocTe1"

bt> CBOH) aeMJiio, bt> e r o wwe

eMy

6ori

aapoBa,

K»«e eMy

6ori>

nopvMH?

Ybu Mirfc,

weHHiue117

moh

bt> e r o

upbKOBb,

aoGpun,

BoaBopneuiHCH,

rat

BHTaeiuHCH,

rat

noiHBaeuiH?

O, KaKO pbiaaio

ne c t T y i o , hko

ceöe,

yßbi

Maat

hko

.iHUieHa 6 u x i

ocTaxT.11'

n j i a m o o cefrfc, h k o cfeTy»

Te6e,

Teße,

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cbohxt., hko

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h

enHCitonnio,

MOH H ntCHOKpaCHTe-TIO !

HeBtCTOKpaCHTe.lIO Tat

nocjiywHJiH115.

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aa

ch

aa

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aa

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Bcu

a c i c y a i > anaHHbiH oßptTecH Tomb ßoraTbCTBa B-fepmaxi I M w e HHoraa BecejiHXCH aKbi öpaHH-fe1*4 jiHKyiouiH, Hfcnrfe me yMHJieHO e f e T y » , 6-fcau paflH CTemomn I M w e HHOrna npaaaHOBaxi jiHKOCTBywmn H paflOCTHOTBOpHUH rrfccHH nOIOIIJH , HbiH'fe me [noio] puaajibHbiH h oneiajieHUH h njianeBHbiH h HanrpoÖHUH irfecHH ! U w e HHorna cb^tjiumh o C j i a i a x c H 1 " OAewaMH ßpaiHbiMH H HepTOHtHUMH H MHOrOLCfeHHhlMH, HbIH'fc JKe OÖJieKOXCH1" BT. CTyA"b , 06jieKOXCH BT> pH3bI lepHblH , MpaMHUH H llJiaweBHblH I 60, p e n e , no Mepmeeiinxi nAav/oinec* frt> nepno oÓAanamcH. IÏOHeme o t h t t . 1 " ßucTb ott> MeHe jKeHHxi. moh, h a3T> Toro paflH HanpacHO njianeMi ywepHHXCH. H w e HHorna 6uxt> HcnoJiHb ßoraTbCTBa upbKOBHaro h HyxoBHaro, CHawmH ßjraroaaTbMH npn cBoeMi» ch weHHcfe, HbiH-fe w e Hara, h h ma h y Sora oöp-feTOxcH no CBOeMl ch HíeHHC-fe, OÖHaWHXCH OHOH noßpoTU ! Y B U MH-fe ! K a n o npeM-feHHXCH npeMÍHeHHeMT> wajiocTHbiMi», KaKO npeM-feHHXCH HanpacHO on» o n o r o npeyKpauieHHH bt> 6e3KpacHe, Kano BHesany OTHCH OHa yTBapb HeB-fecTbCKan, KaKO BHe3any o r n a l e U B t n . , no HCTHH-fe y c u i e 1 " TpaBa h ub%tt> e« o r n a l e , HKO p-feKa BT> KpOBb npHJIOWHCH, HKO>«e apeBJie npw O a p a o H t bt> Ernm-fe, HKO naKbi BOAa bt> npoBb ripeM-femicn ! . . . •

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HMeHyio,

HJIH HHM1> TH H K A K O TH

npH30By,

NPOB^IUAIO,

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nporjiauiy?

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JIH TH HMeHyio,

HKO an0CT0JibCK0e a i j i o CT»TBOPHJIT> ecH, H paBHO

anocTOJiOMi,

paBHO

o6paayHCH,

noABHaacn1",

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JIH TH HMeHyio,

EJIHMA w e 6OJI[I.]IIIHH a p x H e p e « ' " H C T a p i m i i H H

CBHIUeHHHKU ÜOCTaBJIHH BT> CBOeH 3eMJIH , HaAT> npOHHMH CBHIUeHHHKbl 6bIJI1> ecH?

CBHTHTENB1",

Hagiography y i u m e A x JiH TH npoaoBy, HKO yHHTeJlbCKbl HayHHJTb eCH H3UKT. 3a6jIy>KAbIIlHH

,

h JiH neB'fepHbiH bt> B-fcpy npHBeae h MeJiOB-feKbi, neirfcr.iacbi cyma? JJa MTO TH npowee Ha30By cmpacmomepnifa

jih hjih MynenuKa,

HKO MyHBHHHGCKbl BOJieiO BSaJICH eCH BT. pyKhl JHOfleMl, CB'fcp'feirfeiomHMi » a

MyKy,

H, HKO OBUa liocp-fe^-b BOJIKl, flepuHy.Tb eCH na erpacTH h Ha TeprrfcHHe h Ha M y i e i m e ? . . . Ha h a.Tk, Mnororp-feuiHbiH h iiepasyMHUH, noc.TbAyfi cJioBeceMi iioxßajieHHH t b o h x i , colono njieTyinH h cjiobo njiojamH H CilOBOMl nO'lTHTH MHHIUH , h o n . cJioBecT. lioxBajieime cböupan h npHoöp-liTan h iipnnjieTaH, naitu rjiarojin: Mto eme t u

îiapcny?

Boma 3a6jiyH, oöptTaTeJiH iioruCiijHMT), HacTaBiiHh'a îipeJibineiihiMt, pyKOBO^HTeJIH yMOM-b ocji-fenjieHUMT., MHCTHTeJIH OCKUL'pHCHLiMt, B3MCKâTCJIH pâCTO'IGHblMt, CTpawa paTiiuMi, yrtuiHTeJiH nenaJibHUMi, KOpMHTejIH ajI1l01UHMl>, noflaTeJiH Tpe6yK)iuHMT>, HaKa3âT0JlH HeCMMCJieHblMl, nOMOUJHMIta OÔHJHMbiMT,, MOJiHTBenviKa Tenjia, xoAaTan B'fepHa, noraiibiMi, cnacHTOJiH, 6tcoMT> npoitjiHiiaTeJiH, KyMHpOMT. nOTpeÖMTeJIH , haojiomt. rionHpaTejiH, 6ory cjiy/KHTeJiH, MyflpOCTll paHHTBJIH , f jIK)6nTeJIH utjiOMyApnH A^JiaTeiiH, npaBA"fe TBopHTeJiH, KHiiraMT> CKanaTCJin, rpaMorfc nepMbcrfew crwcaTeJiH ! MHora «Mena tboh, o enncKone! MuoroHMeiiHTCTBo CTHwaJii ecu ! MH0rwxT> 60 aapoBi> aoctohht> 6ucti. ! MHOrbiMH ÖJiaronaTbMH o ô o r a r t m . ecH ! . . .

225

The Life of St. Stefan of Perm'

1 nocnymaTeJien • CKaaaTeneirb dot. pi. • saOBeaa — aaOiBeaa p. p. p., nom. pi. n . : aaOuTB. > ewe art. ref. inf. : nojiomrra, HanacaTa. ' x o r b n O u x i cond. periphr. l tg. : XOTSTH. ' c B a c n a x i aor. 1 tg. : c(i)BBCKaTB. * can-fen inafr. tg.: c a m . ' EUUKOII aor. 1 tg.: BaBUKHyTB. * Bopamaxi imp/. 1 tg. : B(I)npamaTB. • BU dat. pi. BU. >• cono11 porarrejiio aapoiBTy gen. du. 11 CUB pr. a. p., det. : OUTB. OJien. pr. 3 tg. : nonoCBTB. " B 3 B m e aor. 3 tg. : BSBUKityTB. " npeBBBAU pr. a. p. : npeB(i)3BTB. " BSBUKHyBiny eity and the following BT>3flpaeTbnry eMy B noiBTasmy dot. abt. (temp.). " noOpojrtaHM inttr. pi. " nocntBaH pr. a. p.: nocirfeBaTB. " POCTOBCTSMI loc. tg. : pocroBbCKi. " BananeHo pr. p. p., n. HananTH. " BBAU irulr. pi. : BBHV ** eMy BHOieCTBymiiy dot. abt. (caut.).

"

nwe

-

e w e art.

ref.

WBTBIO.

"

MHOBB, BHOOU nom.

pi.:

u(t)son,

flajiaamne

u

BBOKV

impf. 3 tg. : BSJiaaBTB. " cnyxa CBOH ace. du. ** ewy npaBBiry pr. p. p., dot. abt. (cant.). " CHme y»rtH p. periphr.: Onrae impf. 3 tg. + y&rfen pr. a. p. " wpyme pr. a. p., nom. pi.: w(b)ptTH. " KBB loc. tg. : HUB. •• yry = lory. 11 BCTeKOCTe aor. 3 du. : Hcream. " OBU gen. tg. f. : OBI. " p i n t aor. 1 tg. : peniB. " nnOJi(b)CTfeH loc. tg., det.: BAOJibcm. M xpBCTBaHbCTbB dai. sg., det. : xpacTaaHbcirb. •* B i a e m p. a. p. : BUHTI. >' CBtrrta dot. tg. f . : CBRTb. " rpHSUB pr. a. p., det. : rpncTB. " peieHbB-bB aetuia dot. tg. " yieHBna nom. pi. " pammercH — paawercn p. a. p. : paawemBCH. " ocnonu instr. p . : OCJIOITL. " ypasu 44 tnstr. pi. : ypaai. oraio npHHeceBy OuBimy and the following cojiovfe ofieecert SuBimB dat. abt. " BocxoT&ma xorbHaeiro rhetorical pleonasm. " nepMbcrk loc. tg.: nepMbcicv " acnojiHB acnojiaeuaein " TOB me ocaoBairb OUBIIDB B nocTaBjieH-fi dat. abt. {temp.). rhetorical pleonasm. " CBHma aor. 3 tg. : CBHUiaTB. " BilaAutBqa, Goroponiiqa gen. tg. " ntauH gen. tg.: jrfeB&ii. " cmjraacra aor. 2 du. " BBjrtcTe aor. 2 du. " ewe postpositive art. " Tojiairftxi loc. pi. : TOJIBKI. " n p B f m aor. 3 tg. : npBflTB. " OTBepax p. a. p . : OTBPIICTB. nepMbcrba dat. tg. : nepubCKT,. " H3BUKom/ aor. 3 pi.: BSBUKByTB. " BMUB pr. a. p., det. : BMaTB. Bwe art. det. " npliRBB inafr. pi. : n(b)ptHBe. " nocyJiu inttr. pi. : M aaOpacTa, BocxorbcTa, peKOCTa aor. 3 d u . : B80(b)paTB, nocyjn.. BocxorbTB/BicxorbTB, pemB. " npBBneB't and the following forms in the sentence : BowbweB'b, BBBnert, npoaaeet, npBBMevb, B03MeB*fe pr.limp. l du. : npaBTB, Bowema, B(I»)HHTB, npoara, n p a i m , B(I>)8NTB. '* BMmacH p. a. p., nom. du.: HTBCFI. " ptCTe aor. 3 du. : pema. '* ceuy ObJBnry dot. abs. (temp.). " C0TB0pb — triTBopb p. a. p . : CITBOPBTB. '• oOpamcn p. a. p. : oOpaTBTHCH. " o M m a " Hapony npeACTOHiDy and the following expressions dat. abs. xortcH aor. 1 du. : o&bmaTBca. n o n (temp.). — eMb loc. tg. : on. " HBI p. a. p. : trra. " CbHten p. a. p.: ckmaTB. " noxBamame imp/. 3 tg. : noxaaTBTB. " B OCC. tg. : OBI. " ceuy OuBaexy dat. abs. (temp.). " atHTe imp. 2 80. : A^HTH. " CB dat. reflex. " a a l i n inatr. tg. : HH1>. •> n o a m p. a. p. : u no&bmeHi p. p. p. : DOOTJIBTB. •OHTB. " BejiBirt acc. du., /. : B e n a m . " pirtTe imp. 2 pi. : pema. " p i m a aor. 3 pi. : pema. " npHcrynjibme p. a. p., nom. pi. : npacrynBTB. " BHinie p. a. p., nom. pi. : HTB. *' Qyna imp. I tg. : OUTB. " spaaT loc. tg. : Bpara. h nocTpamema pr. 2 tg. : " Kaaan pr. a. p. : KaaHBTB. " CjiionflCH imp. 2 tg. : 6JIK»CTBCH. M TeneHi p. p. p. : TeTB, Teny. nocTpaaaTB. " ceuy OuBimy dat. abt. (temp.). " CB dot. pott. (refl.). " seMjin gen. tg. " BU acc. pi. •• Hanacyn pr. a. p. : HanacoBaTB. , M HapeKyn pr. a. p. : aapeKosaTB. njiuniarre aor 2 pi. : cJiumaTB. " * BBjrtcre aor. 2 p i . : BBA^TB. npocTepi p. a. p. : npocTptTB. BOB* acc. du. : Bora. OpaTBnm npeflCTOfiimnn.... OjiarocJioBHmam. dat. abs. (temp.). cymy CnaroaapeHHio dat. abt. (temp.). HOJIBTVA BcxonnuiB dat. abt. (temp.). HtKOMy . . . x o m m y . . . HatHHaiomy dot. abt. (temp.). 1,1 p t c r e Bowa acc./gen. tg. : BOWb. npecTaBJibniacH p. a. p., acc./gen. npecraBBTBcn. aor. 2 pi. : pema. npHan. aor. 3 tg. : npaflTB. irbcTe — Be ecTe. nonwHyiome pr. a. p., nom. pi. : noJiw(b)HOBaTH. Oucre nocnywanB cond. periphr. 2 pi. " " npaaecocre aor. 2 pi. : npaHecTa. " * meHBme ooc. tg. : HteHBXi. "• o c r a x i aor. 1 tg.: ocraTB. ocap t m a aor.

: ocBp-FETB.

3 pi.

HieHBtrb loc. »9. : W E H H X V

THjiy MoeMy aamefliny dat. aba. (temp.). oO-ianaxcH

impf.

p. p. p. : OTHTB. c y u i y TH dat.

1 sg. : oflJiaHBTBcn. ycrne =

abt.

1,1

a p x H e p e a gen.

CBTTE voc.

oCneKoxcn

: CTHXT».

He ObiBmy pi.

"'

lM

aor. 1 tg.

. . . a a K O H y dat.

CBHTHTeJib gen.

pi.

1U

O p a i r t ado.

: oGjienjacH.

" * OTHTO

y M e p m y T B dot.

C T p o u t loc. tg. abt. 111

: crpoKa.

(caus.).

crt-

sg. : C B * T I .

yrace aor. 3 tg. : yracByra.

yirbme aor. 3 tg. : y c i x s y T B .

CTBC6 loc. sg.

aor. 2 sg. : n o a B H a a T D C H . KjiHKaTH.

m

abt.

*••

rnasy

nonBaaacn K n a i a pr. a.

:

a a C j i y w A b n i H H p. a. p., acc. sg. :

aaOiiynHTH.

» Basilius the Great, Bisbop of Caesarea (fourth century). •> Stefan was appointed Bishop of Perm' in 1383. c Athens, Greece.

226

Hagiography

d Born ca. 1340 In Ust'ug, a town at the conflux of the rivers Jug and Suxoma In the region of the Northern Dvina. • His transfer to Rostov In the principality of Suzdal'-Rostov was provoked by the prophecy of Procopius, the " F o o l In Christ," that he would become the apostle of the people of P e r m ' . f T h e Monastery of St. Gregorius Theologus in Rostov was famous as a missionary school. S Parthenius, Bishop of R o s t o v . h Arsenius, Archbishop of R o s t o v (d. 1405). 1 Alexius, Bishop of Vladimir from 1345, Metropolitan of Russia f r o m 1348 (d. 1378). J N a t i v e tribes named partly for towns and cities (Ust'ug, Galii), partly for landscapes ( P e r m ' , Jugra), partly for rivers ( D v i n a , V i l ' a d ' , V y i e g d a , Plnega, Peiora, Jug, V ' a t k a , Cusov a j a ) ; other tribes, retaining their tribal names (Lapps, Zyrians, Carelians, Samojeds, Pertassians). k V y m ' , an affluent of the V y i e g d a R i v e r . V y i e g d a , an affluent of the Northern Dvina River. m V ' a t k a , an affluent of the K a m a River. » K a m a , an affluent of the V o l g a River. 0 A town on the Volga, the old capital of the Volga-Bulgarians. P Breviary.

h 6 i i a r o B t p H y , o n . o m a , HapmjaeMaro h"npnjia, h o n

pojwrejiio

flo6popoAHyb

MaTepe HMeHeMi

Mapwn,

The Life

of St. Sergiua of

227

Radonet

a m e frfccTa' (5c»khh yronHHUH, npaBAMBH n p e f l i 6 o r o m . h n p e f f i l e j i o s t i t u , u DCHMecKUMH flo6poH"feTeJitMH HcnJiT>H6HH me h yKpameHH, HKome 6on> jik>6hti>: He nonyCTH 6o 6on>, Hme TaKOBOMy fl-fcTHmy, BiCHara xoTHmy, na poflurbCH o t t . pojHTejiK) HenpaBesHy, h o npemjje npeyr0T0Ba 6on> h ycrpoHJn. TaKOBan npaDeflHa pojHTenn ero h n0T0Mi on> He» CBoero ch npoHSBeAe yroflHHKa. O npexBajibHan B p i c T o ! O npenoao6HaH c y n p y r a * , Hwe TaKOBOMy fffeTHmy poAHTeJia C u c T a ! r i p e a r e me noao6ame noiTHTH h noxBaJiHTH poflHTeJieH e r o , «a o t t . cero h k o H-fcnoe npmioweHHe noxBaJiu h nowbCTH eMy 6ynen>: noHeme ji-feno 6Hiiie eMy o r b Cora AapoBaTHCH MHorwMT. n t o n e t n Ha ycirfexT., Ha c n a ceHHe me h Ha noji[b]3y, h Toro pa«H He 6 i jrfeno TaKOMy «-feTHiuy o t i HenpaBeAHblXÍ. pO^HTHCH pOAHTeJieH, HHme HHU, CHptHb HenpaBejHUMT. pOflHTejieMi TanoBaro He 6-fc ji-ferio poflHTH jvfeTHiua, ho tokimo tími eflHH-fcMb o r t 6ora «apoBacH, eme h npiuiyiHCH. r í a t e h CHHflecn no6po kt. a o 6 p y h JiyHbmee kt. nywbiueMy.

H 6bicTb me hjojjo H'fcKoe npemne pomjjeHHa e r o . E m e 6o eMy bi> yTpo6 , fc MaTepbH'fe HocHMy*, bt> eflHHi> ott» AbHHH, flbHeBH cymy® Hefl*fejiH, MaTH ero BiHHAe bt> uepKOBb, no o6biMaio, bt. BpeMH, e r a a CBHTyw n o i o n . jiHTyprHW. H cTOHiue ct. npoMHMH meHaMH bt. npHTBopi, h B i n e r A a xoTHxy HaiaTH l e e r n Cenmoe EeameAue, JiiofleMi Mjn>wamHMT>V Torga a6ne BHeaaany MJiaAeHeub HaMHTT»7 BinHTH b i y T p o O i MaTepH-fc, HKome h MHoruM'b o n . TanoBaro nporjiauieHHa ymacuyTHcn o npecJiaBH-feMb HioaecH, CbiBaiomeMb o MJiaseHbUH c e M i . I l a n u m e , e r j a n p e m i HaMHHamia e m e ' ni»TH xepyBHMCKyio rrfccHb, peKiue Motee xepyeuMb, Torna BHeaaany MJiaseHeub rjiacoMT. Han« BeJibMH BepemaTH bt. yTpo61> BTopHueio nane n p b B a r o , hko h bi bcio uepKOBb Ha u n e r-jiacT. e r o , hko h caMOH MaTepn ero ymacuiHcn* ctohth, h cyuutMi meHaMi, ctoho^hmi»

tv h HeAOMbicjiHi(HMi>cfl bt. ce6%, rjiaroJHomHMT.: »Hto y 6 o 6 y a e r b o MJismeHbUH ceMT.?«

B^Herjia me H e p i n B i a r j i a c u : BbHbMibMb ceamax cexmuMi, Torna naKU TpeTHuew BeJibMH BT.3onn. MaTH me ero Mano He n a j e Ha aeMJiio, o t t . Miiora CTpaxa h TpeneTOMT» BejiHKbiMi» o j p i m H M a c y i u n , h ymacuiHcn Hawa bt. 066^ njiaKaTH. l i p o n a « me BtpiibiH ohij meHU, npHCTynjibinH" ki HeH, Hanaiiia BT.npamaTH io r n a r o j i i o m e :

Mjia.ieHeub

»HMauiH jih bt> n a í v e f e 1 1 MJianeHbua, neJieHaMH noBHTa 1 *, eróme MjiéaeHbiecKbiH c j i u i u a x o M i b i BceH uepuBH Bepeujaioiua?« OHa m e , bt. HesoyM-feHHH, o r b MHora njiaMH He Momauie npOB-fcmaTH, HO BT> Ma.Tfe OTB'fclIta « M i :

rjiaci

kt. hhmi hh

»IluTaHTe« — pene — »Hiib«e, a 3 i 6o He HMaHi.t me BT>npauiauia, nbiTaiome npoMemio co6ok>, h noHcnaBiuie, h He o ó p t T o m a . riaKU ofípaTHiiiacH k i He«, rnarojiiome: »Mu, bt, BceH uepHBH noHCHaBiuie, h He o6p*feToxoMT» M/ia«eHbua. fla itbiii t t . ecTb MJiaaeHeijb, wme r j i a c o M i npoBepeiuaBHH 1 '?

Ohh

MaTH me e r o , He Moryiun VTaHTH 6biBaeMaro h HcnbiTaeMaro, OTB-fema kt»

hhmi : »Á3T.

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bi

JKeHbi me p t u j a kt. Hew: »fla nano aaeTbeH r.nacT. npemT. pomeHHa MJiaaeHuy, bt. y T p o C t

Ona me pene:

cymy?«

228

Hagiography »Ast

o

rfaAymM

ceMb

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Tpenemy,

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ßuBaeiiaro.«

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p a s H A O ï n a c f l KHHWHO BT> CBOHCH; H ÔWCTB

CTpaxi Ha Bcfcxi «ibiinamHX-b cna. * Mapaa

we,

Mara

ero,

ori» AH e T o r o ,

OTHeJieme C u c T b

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TanoBoe

H npoHBJieHHe, OTTOJrt y 6 o n p e 6 u B a u i e n o BpeMeHe p o n y x e H H a e r o , H M j i a n e H b u a BT.

yTpoOt

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H KO

H^KOe

ClKpOBHII(e

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H

H KO

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H

e n 1 * , Tor^a caMa c b C m o n a m e c H

o n » BCHKUH HeHHCTOTbi IÎOCTOMT. o r p a ^ A a n c n ,

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on.

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me

m. 6ory,

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cnacH Tu

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60 ecH xpaHHH*0 MJiaaeHbija

H BOJIH TBOH n a C y n e r b ,

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npeGuBaiiie

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H AO c a M a r o

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ero.

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npHJiewaine nane Beerò nocTy H MOJIHTB^, HKO H caMoe TO aanaTHe H powbCTBo NOJIHO 6 i

n o c T a H MOJIHTBU : 6 « w e 60 H T a Ao6poA"fcTejibHa c y m » H a t j i o

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pamaeMoe

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One B^pu Ao6puH I 0 TennoTU Cjiaru 1 HKO H npenn. pomecTBa ero o ß i macTacH npHBecra ero H B i s a r a S j i a r u x i noaaTejiio, 6ory, HKOwe ApeBJie AHHa

npopoMHuac,

Erna

Mara

CaMOHJiH

H He xomen. M.najeHeub ewe o r i MHCI> NHTAEM'fe nHTaTen[B]HHirfe ero 6I>ITH H RFCM MJRFEKOIN. HanaflTHCH, HO TOHHIO o n . nocra H He paaAptinaTHCH14. H ywe oirojrfe naina naTepHH BT>3ApT>waHHe R nocrb 6fime, H orrojrfc MJiaaeHeub noBcerfla no o 6 m a i o nirraeMi» 6uBame. H HcnjTbHHiuacR AHHe o6-fcmaKHio MaTepH ero : HKO 6 u c r b no A H e x i . mecraxT. ceAMHUT», ewe ecTb , Bianaionie, HKOwe h npHucra, HKowe oG-bmaeracn Biabara ero 6 o r y , saBimeMy ero ; KynHO we Hep-fceBR noBejrtBaioma, HKO Aa K p b m e m i e M T . fiowecTBeHUHi CT.BPT>IIIHTH . Hepea we, orjiacMBi ero B MRoro MOJiHTBOBaBi» Ha«T> HHMT. , H C I paaocTHio Ayx0BH0» H CT> TiuaHHeMb KpecTH ero B I HMH OTua H cuna H cBHTaro Ayxa, Bap0JI0M-feH peMe KT, POAHTENEMI:

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e»".

*

rioTOMT. we, no BpeMeHH, MajiuMi MHHyBiaiHMi AHeMi, 0 MJiaAeHbUH naKti HioflOfl-feHCTBOBaujeca npyroe H*feKoe AHAMEHHE, CTpaHHO H%MTO H HeaHaeMO : BT. cpejy 60 H BT. nHTOKi. He npHHMame HH on. c i c n y , HH ON. MjrfcKa K p a B b « " , HO OTHHyAb ouiaHTHCH eMy H He cicaTii, H He naymy'4 npeóiJBaTH ewy BI Becb AbHb; KpoM-fe w e cpeAbi H nnriKa BT. nponan AbHH no oòuiaio nirramecH; ame jih òyAHine" BT. cpeAy H BT. NHTOKT., TO a n i e m . MJiaaeHeub npeóiJBauie. Ce we

He eAHHOK), HH ABawAu, HO H MHOrawAbi npHJiyHauiecfl, ewe ecTb: no BCH

cpeau H nflTKbi CbiBauie. O n . cero H^KUMT. MHHUICCH1* , HKO 6OJH>HO

fltTHme.

230 O

Hagiography

ceni>

me

y6o

MATH e r o ,

CKPI6HIHH , c-frroBaiiie; H C I APJTHMH meHaMH,

npOMHMH KOpMHTenbHHUaMH paCMaTpHIOIIje 6tailie,

ct

MHHUie, HKO OTb H'tKHH

6ojri»3HH MJiaAeHqy npnKJiioMauiecH cne CuBaTH; HO o6aie o63«paxy noBcnAy MJianeHbua, HKO H-fe" 6c>JibHO, H HKO He oGpfrramecH BI Heati HBJieHtiH HJTH He HBJieHuii 6ojrfe3HH; HH njianauie, HH CTOHHiue, HH apHXJioBame, HO h jinue H cepnue H 04H Becejm, H BCHHbCKu MJia^eHuy paaocTHy c y m y " , HKO H pyiHuaMH nrpaine. Toraa BCH, BHAHIHH, H n03Hauia H paayirfcuia, HKO He CojrfcsHH pann BI nflTOKi» H BT> cpeay MJiaaeHeub MjrfeKa He npHHMaiue, HO npoHBJieHHe HtKoe nposHaMeHaiiiecfl, HKO 6;iaroAaTb 6OWHH 6-fe Ha HeMb, eme npoHBJiniue Cyflymaro BT>3flepH, HKO irfcKoraa, BT> rpnnyiuafl BpeMeHa H jrfeTa, BT> nocTHOMi

WHTHH npocHHTH e M y .

Eme

H 6u.

flpyroHUH me Mam ero npHBOmanie KT> HeMy meHy H-feKyro, gOHJiHijy, HMyioy MJrfeKO, aa6bi ero HanHTajia. MjiaaeHeub me He p a n « npHHTH HHKaKO me OTb MIOWflHH MaTepH nHTaTHCH, HO TOHHK) OTb CBOeH CH pOAHTenbHHi;a". M

CHe BHA'tB'biue,

npHxomnaxy

KT. HeMy

H Apyrun

m e H b i , Tawe H AOHJTHUH,

r b M i n0A06H0 TaKome TBOPHTH, HKome H npiBHe. H Tawo npeCucTb cBoeio TOKIMO mrraeMi MaTepuio, noHAeme H OTAoeHi 6ucTb. Ce me cbMaTpniorb H-feuHH40, HKO h ce siiaMeiiHc SUCTL, HKO a » 6 u , AoCpa K o p e H e Ao6pa« j r f r r o paCJIb, HeCKBpi>HUMl MjrfeKOMb BlCnHTaHT. 6UBT> . . . 1 Cepree — CeprBB. 1 (VtcTa imp/, (aor.) 2 du. : OUTB. • cynpyra nom. (HOC.) du. : cynpyra. * eMy . . . HOCHMy dat. abs. ' AbHeBB cyuiy dot. abs. ' nnnewt mimaiUBMi

dot. abs.

' BaiHTi. aor. 3 sg. : HaiHTH.

1

ewe used as art. before inf.

' ymacniHcn p. a. p.,

dat. eg. f. : ymacHyTBCH. " npacrynnbuiB p. a. p., nom. pi. : npHCTynHTH. 11 naaycti toe. sg. : •asyxa. " noBHTa p. p. p., acc. sg. : IIOBHTH. " nposepeiiiaBUH p. a. p., del. : npoBcpeinaTH. " CTpacfe loc. sg. : CTpaxi. " ciBpima aor. 3 sg. : CIBPIUIBTB — ciBbpniBTB. " Henpaanu'b cymB ea dai. abs. " nauia gen. sg. " omaHBcn p. a. p. : oinanTBcn. " naume imp/. 3 sg. : HCTB. " xpaBRB pr. a. p., det. : xpaHBTB. " oC-hmaeB-fccH pr. 1 du. : oCtmaTH. " ewe used as art. before inf. " pomuiyio p. a. p., acc. sg. : POHHTH. " paawhrnamcH — paa + p-6maTBCH. u BiaBear. p. a. p. : BT»3BecTH. " cu pr. a. p. : OUTB. " BtKU pr. 1 pi. : B-fcjvfeTH. JIaBHay . . . pein>my dat. abs. " BIABABUB p. a. p., det. : BI(8)3(i)BaTB. " Tpoaua gen. sg. " H acc. du. : oui. " eio gen. du. : OHT>. ** KpaBbn gen. sg. : KpaBHH adj. poss. : KpaBa. " fiaymy pr. a. p., dat. sg. : HCTB. " Oynnme imp/. 3 sg. : OUTB. •• MHninecH imp/. 3 sg. : M(b)HHTBCH. " H-6 - He + e(CTb). " MJianeHuy . . . cymy dat. abs. •• poABTejibBBua gen. sg. * b c d •

"

ITSUHH nom. pi. : H^KBE.

Serglus was born In Rostov In 1314 or 1319 and died In 1392. His parents were boyars of Rostov. Bib. Hannah, mother of the prophet Samuel. i n 1337 Serglus became a monk and on this occasion assumed his second name. Bib. Jeremiah, the prophet.

THE LIFE A N D D E A T H OF DIMITRIJ, TSAR OF R U S S I A It is very probable that this anonymous work was written by Epiphanius the Sage, the author of The Life of St. Stefan of Perm' and The Life of St. Sergius of Radonez. The Great Prince Dimitrij, whose heroic exploits in the battle of Kulikovo are described in The Don Tale, died in 1389, a few years before Epiphanius began to compose his famous hagiographies. A comparison of the methods

The Life and Death of Dimitrij,

Tsar of Russia

231

of stylistic expression, particularly the emotional rhythmization of prose passages and the characteristic enumeration of epithets and attributes in glorification of the hero, makes it evident that the outstanding hagiographer, probably in the beginning of the fifteenth century, was requested by the Court of Moscow to compose a biography of the Great Prince and conqueror of the Tatars. The title "Tsar" may have been anticipated by Epiphanius, or added at a later date. The text is based upon the edition in "IlojiHoe coCpamie pyccimx JieTonHceft" Vol. IV, Part I, and has been ¿ompared with that of N. K. Gudzij, XpecTOMaTU no apeBHeft pyccKoft jiHTepatype X I - X V I I BeKOB (4th ed.; Moscow, 1947).

O acHTHH H o npecT&BJieHHH Bemncoro

luna

^MHTpoH H s a H o i n a , i j a p a P y c b e s a r o CHH y6o BeJiHKHH KHH3I> flmrrpeH» poARCH on. ÖJiaropoRHy H OTI> npenecTHy poAHTeaio1, BeJiHKoro KHHSH HBaHa MBaHOBHiab H MaTepe, BejiHKue KHHTHHR AjieKcaHnpu, BRym» me 6UCTB KHH3H BeJiHKoro HBaHa AaHHJioBHHac, coöpaTejiH PycbCKOH 3eMJiH, H KopeHH CBHTaro H 6oroni> canmeHHaro' cany OTpacjib ÖJiaronnoaHa H UBÍTT> npeKpacHUH uapn BjiaflHMHpad, HOBaro Ko[H]cTHHTHHa, npecTHBinaro PycbCKyio 3euJiio; cpoflHHKT> me öucTb Bopncy H r r t ö y BI> ÖJiaroHecTHH a B I cJiaB-fc H co B C H I ^ M H * HanaaaHHH4 NYXOBHUMH o n cairbxi nejiem. 6ora BI3JIK>6H. Ori;» w e ero, BejiRKOMy KHHSIO HßaHy ÜBaHOBinio ocraBJibmy' m i m e CBtTa cero H npHHMineMy* HeöecHa« ceJieHHH, CH m e ocra LUIAO* C U R * , HKO jrfen. 9 , ci> JIIO6HMUMI CH* 6 p a T 0 M i > CBOHMT> K H A S S M I HBAHOIRB H B A H O B I N E I R B * . rioTOMi m e H Mara ero npecraBRcn, BejiHKan KHnrHHH AneKcaHflpa, H npeÖHCTb ejiHHi. BT> o6nacTH BeJiHKoro KHHmeRRH, npaeMmy* eMy1* C K H N E T P I AepmaBU PycbCKUH 3eMJiH", H HacTOJiOBaHHe aeMHaro qapcTBa, R OTHHHY CBOIO [BT>] BejiHKoe KHHmeHRe, no nan irta11 eMy ÖJiaroaaTH orb Cora, MecTH m e R cJiaBi. Eme me MJiaat CUR BiapacTOMi, R o «yxoBHUxi npRjiema fftJiecfcxT.1*, H nycTouiHUxi Cecfeffi. He TBOpniiie14, H cpaxHbrx-b rjiarojn. He j»o6jrame, snoRpaBHiixi HeJioB-feKi OTBpamamecH, a c i CjiaruHR Bcer«a ßecfeROBame, ComecTBeHiixi nncaHHH Bcerna co yMRjieHHeirb nocjiymame, o uepKBaxi 6omHHxi BejibMR newamecH, a crpamöy 3eMJin PycbCKUH MymecTBom» CBOHMT> nepmame, 3JIO(5OIO OTpona oßp-feiaiiiecH, a yMOMi. CBepiuem Bceraa ßhiBame, paTHhiMi me Bceraa BI> CpaHexi CTpainem. OuBaoie, 1 R M H o r u B p a r H , BCTaiomaH ' H a RBI, nofóRR, H CJIABHUR RPAMT CBOR MocKBy CRTHAMR HWJHUMH ORPAMR', H BO BCeMl> MHp-fe CJiaBeHT, 6bICTb,

Keflpl B*b JlHBaH-FE« YMHOJKHCH H HKO (JJHHHKT BT, upeBecfcxi1' npouB-frre". CeMy me CuBuiy1* jrfcTi inecTHHaaecHTb, npRBeffoma1' eMy Ha Cpajn. KHHruHio ABH0THi0h, orb 3eMJiH CyaHaJibCKHH", nmepb BeJiHKoro KHHSH HKO

232

Hagiography

^MHTpHH

K0[H]CTHHTHH0BHMa,

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AhHU ,

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H

n o Gpau-fc" me

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He T B o p n x y * 4 .

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h

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P y c b C K y » : o r b BiCTOKa h a o s a n a l a xBaJibHO ôucTb h m h e r o ; o r b MopH h h o Mopn, o n . p t K i

h « o KOHbUb BceJieHHhJH npo3HececH wecTb e r o .

L ( a p « e aeMbCTHH, CJiuwame e r o , ysHBHuiacn, Bpa3H ss w e e r o >«HBymHH owpecrc. e r o , H HaBajHiiia HaHb HeiecTHBOMy

etty,

BsaBHA^uia

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rjiarojiwme : »BeJIHKHH uapn,

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h nane HeciHÍHuiH Teôe

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ott> noraHbixi npoTHBHaro HaxoweHHH. Be3CTyAHbiH we MaMau cpaMa hciiojihhch, bt>

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H

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caMT. Ha

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noxBajibi [60] M-fcero 6ea3eMJiioP,

BT>3AOXHVBT> H3^ h pene:

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kt.

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h

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a^bo

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h

noMomHHiie" MHpy !

»Mojih cbiHa CBoero 3a mh r p t u i H H r o , na aoctohht. Cyay rjiaßy h whboti 3a hmh CbiHa TBoero h 3a TBOe. Mhoh iiOMOmHHua3® He HMaMi, pasBHe Te6e, r o c n o w e ! fla nopaAyiOTCH BpawAywmHH mh ô e a t npaBAU, hh nojiowHTH

pKyTb noraHHH: fdib

ecmb 6OZJ> UXt>, na

uezo Mce ynoeatue?"

JJa nocTbiAHTCH

The Life

BCH hbjuwiohr

and Death of Dimitrij,

Tsar of

tbohmt. a n a n , hko a a - b

pa6om>

tboh

path.

233

Russia ecxb

h cuht. paSuHH

TBoen". »Hcnpoca H Gora

Moero

MR, r o c n o w e , Ha

an aro

CHJiy r

Moero

n o u o w f , o n . C B H T a r o w a j i H m a c u Ha

cynocraTa

h

HeiecTHBaro

TBoero

Bparal

» r i o c r a B H M H , r o c n o w e , CTOJim. K p t n o c m o n jiHija B p a w H H , Bi8BejiH A e H b aowhh,

opywHH

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h

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3eMJiH. flaHHUH

pacKOJib-

norbi6ouia...

—

uepKOBb cefie cBHTOMy Ayxy

234

Hagiography

CT.6JI»«e" BecKBepHy;

OHRMSL a p H i u e i a c T o

KT> a e M J i H , OTT> HENME B3HTT> C u c T t ;

Ayuno H y i n npocTnpauie KT. HeCeCH, Hjrbwe jrfcno ecn> eMy npe(>UBaTH; H no 6pairfc coBKyNJIEHHH rfcjio CBoe HHCTO me co6jiiofle, rp-fcxy HenpHiacTHO. CTOBa anocrojia óoen. otcueoeo,

üaBJia c6uirfcMi> rfejiecH 6eanjioTHuxi> wHTHe cBepuiauie, 3eMJiio PycbCKyio

ynpaBJiHiiie,

Ha npecTOjrt u a p b c r b M i

efe««,

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iítnoMyApHH, npHWM 4 ' CUHU H smepH H BicnHTa BI> 6jiaronecTHH; a BOTMHHy CBOK>, BeJiHKOe KHHmeHHe, nepmame J i t r a 29 h 6 M-fccnub; a Bcfcxt jrferb orí» po>KAecTBa e r o 38 H 5 M-fccfliib; MHoru me T p y a u H n o O t a u no npaBOBtpH-feH B^pt

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erov... *

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me

npeCTaBHCH

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BeJiHKbiH KHHab ^MHTpeH HBaHOBHMb

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BceH P y c H , npocB-fexHCH ;iHue e r o

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me KHnruHH ero MepTBa Ha nocTenH Jiemauta, H Bocnjianacn

rJiacoMi, orHeHUH cjieau

H30 OHMIO Hcnymaauie,

jiaauiecH H, BI> nepcn CBOH pyKaMH Cbiomn, HKO Tpy6a paTb noB'fcsaiomH H HKO aprain» c j i a a n o B-fcuiaioiuH: » K a n o yMpe, mHBOTe MOH « p a r u n , MeHe eAHHy BAOBOIO oCTaBHBi» ? IIOHTO a a i npeme re6n

He y M p o x i ' 1 ?

KaKO aaHAe, cB-fera OMHIO Moeio?

yTpoóoio

pacna-

The Life and Deatk of Dimitrij, IIohto

He

UrtTe

moh

hto

npoMOJiBHimi

pano

He

h

MHOronjiOAHUH,

nonacH**

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jih

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xoe,

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paHO aaxoAHuiH I

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Meny

MoeMy

Moen I

HH npOMOJIBHUIH

Hto

Mirfc?

yBHAaema?

cjiamocTH AyuiH

Me.yy,

ko

npeKpacHua,

BHHorpane yme

235

Tsar of Rustía

npenpacHUH,

BOCTOMHan,

paHO

norußaeniH I

kt. a a n a o y

noHTO

rpanemH?

...

*

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me

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KHH3b 3eMJin P y c b C K u n

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jih

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th

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Toro

tu

me

h

jih t h

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Hapnaaxy,

oßp-fcTaanjecH,

236

Hagiography Enoxyl

JlH TH noaoßjiio?

H o t o h n p e c e n e H i ö u c r b Ha s e m i » HeB-feaoMy, TBOK) me a y u n o aHrejiH c i

c j i a B O » B"b3Hecowa Ha n e 6 e c a .

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Ti>i me cTOJini HenecTHH paapyuiHJii ecw PycbCKOH h

noTona,

cBoe

bt>

3eMJiH,

He npHnrfccHBT. ce6e k i

6e3yMHbiMT> crpaHaMT.

Ha xpHCTHHHbCKyio n o n i ß e j i b I AepaaMa

jih t h

Hapeny?

H o TM TOMy B t p o i o

ynoaoßHCH,

a WHTHeMi npeB3Hffe nane o n o r o . I l c a a K a JIH TH BlCXBaJIK), OTueMi Ha mepTBV npnroTOBJieHa H o t h caMT. a y u n o CBOK) MHCTy h wepTBy

HenopoibHy

rocnoAeBH CBoeMy npHHece !

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6ory?

jih th B i a r j i a r o j i i o ? 6oroMT> ct. HCTopat' 0

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nyXOBHyiO JI-feCTBHmO npOBHflHUie,

tu

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ci

HenecTHBUMH ArapHHU

co HHonjieMeHHHKbi ßopHiuecn,

h ci noraHow JIhtbok),

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a K b l OHy AyXOBHyiO JltCTBHUIO ! HoCU$a

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h

bt. utnoMyApHH

y»n> nepwauie

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hbhch.

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jih t h

Ho TOH

KHH3b ÖbICTb eflHHOMy eBpeHCKOMy H3bIKy,

HMeHy»?

TU w e MHOrH H3bIKH BT. CBOeMT. KHHWeHHH HMHIIie, HecTHK) ÔJiaroAapeHHH b o MHOrbiH CTpaHU HMH

TBOe np0B03CHH".

noxBaJiHerb 60

3eMJin

Phmck3h

a AcHHCKan HoaHa EorocjiOBa,

IleTpa

h

ílaBJia,

The Life and Death of Dimitrij,

Tsar of

Russia

237

HHflHHCKa« a n o c r o j i a OMy, a EpycajiHMbCKan 6paTa rocnoAHn h AHapen

r i e p B o a B a H H o r o Bee

a a p f l KoHbCTHHTHHa r p e n b C K a n

HnKoaa,

noMopne, 3eMJifl,

B o j i o n H M e p a KxeBCKafl c o o k p c c t h h m h Te6e w e , BeJIHKblH KHflSb ^MHTpeH bch PycbCKan

rpaau;

HBaHOBHIb,

3eMJiHbb!...

1 fljiaroponHy . . . npeiecTHy poaHTeJiio gen. du. * caxmeHHaro p. p. p., gen. sg. : cajurr«. * BCHirtMH inctr. pi. : bchkt.. ' HaKaaaHHH inatr. pi. : KaKaaatnie. ' ocraBjibmy p. a. p., dat. sg. : ocTaBHTH. • npHHHmeMy p. a. p., dat. sg. : npatrrfl. * c u b pr. a. p. : 6 u t b . 11 ' ch dot. pots. ' npHeMiuy p. a. p., dot. sg. : n p m r n i . " n p a e m n y eMy dat. abs. aennfl 11 u gen. sg. naHirfeB p. p. p., dat. sg. : n a m . jrhJiec-fcxi. loc. pi. : ¿rtJio. TBopmne imp/. 3 sg. : t b o p h t h . " BCTaiomaH pr. a. p., acc. pi. : B(T,)CTaBaTH. >• npeBeefixi loc. pi.: npeBO/ ap-hBO. " npouBtTe aor. 3 sg. : npoqB'bcTH. " ce«ry . . . Ousmy dat. abs. (temp.). " npaBefloma aor. 3 pi. : npnaecTH. " aeunn CyananbcmjH gen. sg. " Opairh loc. sg. : S p a n . m " mHBHCTa imp/. 3 du. : >kbtb. " CMOTpHCTa imp/. 3 du. : c i m o t p h t h . TBopnxy i m p / . 3 pi. instead of expected 3 du. : TBopncTa. ** BpaaH nom. pi. : Bpara. " E»te art. " noraOe aor. 3 sg. : norsOfiyTB. " KHH3H inatr. pi. : KBflSb. " PyebeKan seiuifl gen. sg. " QOMOHte aor. 3 sg. : noMOuui. " no&broma aor. 3 pi. : no&bmH [no&brHyTH]. " jrhBO OoropojiBne, M BJiajUJHBiie, sacTyrwfliie, noHoiumme doc. " bhoh noMouiHHua gen. sg. ynOBame imp/. 3 sg. : ynoBaTH. " paOtiHH TBOea gen. sg. " B&nbMowa cboh acc. pi. " npBHTH p. p. p., nom. pi. : npBHTB. " peHJiH ecMH p. periphr. : pemiB p. a. p., nom. pi. : pemB + ecMH pr. 1 pi. : CbiTH. " BicnpflHM-b p. a. p. : BicnpatrrH. " ABpaaauiu adj. post., acc. sg.: A B p a a m . 41 u c p t T e aor. 3 sg. : c(t.)p*cth. eMJiioinecH pr. a. p., nom. p i . : BMaTHCH. " pyirb acc. d u . : pywa. " pacKOJibHflqB, MnTemHimH nom. pi. : pacKOJibHHKT», mhtokhbkt». ** noB-bm pr. 1 sg. : noBtjrtTH. " ciGjiiOfle aor. 3 sg. : ciOjiioctb. " painy loc. du. : paMO. " nomHBe aor. 3 sg. : nowHTB. " npBHtB aor. 3 sg. : npflWHTH. " Bname aor. 3 sg. : B(i)nacTB.

" y a p o x i . aor. 1 sg. : yMptTH. nonaca pr. 2 sg. : noflain. » TpHcamecn i m p / . 3 sg. : tphctbch. " lejioBtofl nom. pi. : lejiOBtm.. " a p y a a nom. pi.: H p y r i . " cymfl pr. a. p. (ado.): Gutb. " npBBHi. p. a. p. : npsnTB. " KOBqea-t loc. sg. : KOBien. " lepTOrt loc. sg. : «lepTora. •• HCTopat loc. sg. : B C T o p n / a c n p n . O o r t loc. sg. : d o r v npoB03CBH aor. 2 sg. : npoBiccHHTB. » Dimitrij was born In 1350. b I v a n II, Prince of Moscow, Great Prince of Vladimir, reigned 1353-59. « Ivan I, Kalita, Prince of Moscow, Great Prince of Vladimir, 1328-41. d Vladimir I (979-1015). e I v a n died in 1364. f The Kremlin was built In 1365. 8 Lebanon. h Eudoxla, daughter of Dimitrij, Prince of NiznlJ-Novgorod, Great Prince of Vladimir (1306-63). > MamaJ, khan of the Golden Horde (1361-80). 1 Mohammed. k T a t a r tax collectors. 1 Bib. King Og of Bashan. m The Tabernacle of the Congregation in Shilch. n The T a t a r Mirzah Begii was defeated by Dimitrij In 1378 a t t h e V o i a River, an affluent of the Oka River. ° The Mohammedans were considered to be descendants of Ishmael, son of Hagar. P MamaJ Khan invaded Russia in 1380. 4 Bib. Abraham, f a t h e r of t h e Hebrews. r Metropolitan Peter, whose life was portrayed by Cyprian, died In 1326. • Jaroslav, the son of Vladimir I, defeated his own brother Sv'atopolk, who murdered Prince Boris and Gleb (1015). The comparison between the T a t a r khan and Sv'atopolk is based on t h e fact t h a t both of them died in exile. ' The battle on t h e fields of Kulikovo at the Don River In 1380.

238

Hagiograpky

• The Amelekites, enemies of the Hebrews. » He died in 1389. w Allusion to Peter who was the first-called among the disciples of Jesus. * Bib. Seth, third son of Adam. 7 Bib. Enoch, son of Jared. * Bib. Eber, son of Sarah and grandson of Shem, eponymous ancestor of the Hebrews. »» Bib. Isaac, called Israel. bb The same apostolic formula, originally invented by Hilarion of Kiev, is also used in The Life ot St. Stefan oI Perm'.

HISTORIOGRAPHY The principal difference between Old Kievan annalistic literature and Old Muscovite historiography was the latter's diminishing interest in past history and increasing concern with current events. With the rise of the Muscovite Empire and with its succession to the authority once centered in Byzantium, literature became a means of glorifying the tsars of Moscow, especially Ivan the Terrible. Even the interpretation of past history underwent a radical revision: by means of purely theoretical scholastic concepts a completely new view of the history of Muscovite Russia was created. Of the many writings of this period, the ones selected here are particularly characteristic of the evolution of the newly developed historiography, and even of the growth of a pompous literary language: The Tale of the Taking of Constantinople by Nestor-Iskander The Legend of the Prince» of Vladimir by Pachomius Logothetes The anonymous Tale of the Taking of the Empire of Kaian The anonymous Tale of the Attack of the Lithuanian King Stefan Batory in the Year 70S5 on the Great and Famous Town of Pskov, and of Its Liberation. The Book of Degrees of the Imperial Genealogy.

NESTOR-ISKANDER: THE TALE OF THE TAKING OF CONSTANTINOPLE The conquest of Constantinople (1453), the center of Eastern Orthodoxy, by the Moslems under the Turkish sultan Mohammed II, was an event of prime historical significance for the fate of Eastern Europe and for the rise of the Muscovite Empire as heir to the political and religious mission of Byzantium. Nestor-Iskander's Tale was written but a short time after the conquest by a participant of the siege, a Russian who—by a strange twist of fate—had been compelled to embrace the Islamic faith and who found himself in the camp of the Turks. Based in all probability on a journal maintained during the long siege and upon accounts heard from the surviving defenders of Constantinople, the Tale gives a colorful and realistic description of the fierce struggle between the

240

Historiography

T u r k i s h besiegers and the B y z a n t i n e defenders u p to the m o m e n t of the c i t y ' s fall. In a manner signally characteristic of M u s c o v i t e historism, the a u t h o r begins w i t h an a c c o u n t of Constantinople, b a s i n g his n a r r a t i v e p a r t l y on a u t h e n t i c historical facts concerning the a c t i v i t y of C o n s t a n t i n e the G r e a t , p a r t l y on folk material, especially the legend of the struggle b e t w e e n t h e eagle (as a s y m b o l of Christianity) and the serpent (as a s y m b o l of Islam). C h a r a c t e r i s t i c also is the conclusion of the Tale w i t h its p r o p h e c y t h a t the R u s s i a n people w o u l d s o m e d a y b e c o m e masters of Constantinople and rule in it. T h i s p r o p h e c y , t a k e n from B y z a n t i n e eschatological sources q u o t e d in the t e x t , resulted f r o m a confusion of the Greek word rhusios, of the R u s s i a n e q u i v a l e n t rusyj " r e d - h a i r e d , " w i t h t h e national name of the Russians, russkij. T h e t e x t is reprinted in e x c e r p t s f r o m the edition of A r c h i m a n d r i t e Leonid i n HaMHTHHKH A p e B H e B nHCbMeHHOCTH h

wcKyccTBa, V o l . L X I I ,

1886.

HecTopa-IlcKaHjjepa HoB-hcTb o B i m i i B i

jrfeTO 5 8 1 8 - o e » ,

bt>

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242

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244

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246

Historiography

paanaaoina 1 " Kp-fenocTH» h HcraHuia 10 ' mucjihio, oCimue 1 0 ' 60 hxt. cuopCb h nenajib bgjihh . MarMeri» w e OKaaHHbiH, CJiumaBb BOCTOHHaro 6ernjiapi>-6eH vChhctbo, nJiaKame MHoro: jiio6fluie 60 ero MywecTBa pann ero h paayMa. M bo3i>hphbch noHfle catrb n cbohmh B p a T u 1 " " h co bc^mh cujiaMH, a Ha írfccapH noBejrfc HaBajiHTH nyuiKH n rmiuajiH, Gonrne 60 cu ero, na He H3uaen> hst. rpana co bc^mh jiwnbMH h Hananen. HanpacHO HaHb10'. M nprnueai, 6e36owHUH cTa n p o T H B i Ilojiaro M t c T a h nOBejrfe nepBoe 6hth h3t> nyiueKT. h hsx nHmajieH, «a OTCTyriHTT» rpawaHe, Tane HanycTH BajrrayrjiHH-6auiy JJ co mhotumh nojinw h TpH TbiCHiua Ha6paHHuxi> h aanoB'fcna hmi, na y j i y n a n . u t c a p « , ame h no CMepTH nocTpawyn. 11 ', hjih na H3T. nnmajiH ySbion. ero. CTpaTHra >«e h MerwcTaHU h bch BeJibMOJKH, bha%bi> ycTpeMJieHHe 6e3B-tpHaro, npuuienuia bt> cHjrfc Mmut, h CTp-fejiHHHH aeJibHaro, OTBenoma utcapH, «a He Bcye yMpen.. Oht> we, nnana ropbKO, pene hmt>: na

»IloMHHTe CJIOBO, ewe p i x b 1 " BaMT. h o6"fera. nojiowHxi»: yMpy ant ct> BaMH 1 < Ohh we OTB^maBaxy: •Mbi bch yMpeitrb aa uepKBH 6owhh h 3a TeOnl«

He

atHTe

MeHe,

H BaeMi 11 * OTBenoma ero o n . Hapona h MHoro yBÍiuaxy ero, na Haunerb rpana. M naBb eMy KOHeMHOe utJiOBaHHe, ctohh h punan, BOSBpaTHiuacn Ha ypeneHHOe mícto. EajiTayrnmo we npHcniBiny 1 1 * co MHoroio chjiokd, CTptTouia ero CTpaTHrH Ha ITojiomt. Micrfe, ho He BoaMorouia y n e p w a ™ ero, h BHHne bt> rpan*b bc^mh nojiKH h Hanane Ha rpawaHb. II 6ucTb cfcia np-fcnMaHiuan Befcxb npewHHXb, h nanouia cTpaTur« h MerHeraHu h bch BejibMOWH, hko oto MHorbixi» Mano OTbHAOiua Ha n3B"femeHHe u t c a p w , TaKo h rpawaHb h TypKOBi, HMwe He Ct MHCJia, tphtuchhhhkh w e pHCTaxy h coBaxyc« Ha

H3i bch

Bet

cTpaHbi, aKH

ahbhh

3B-fcpH, Hiaa ce6-fc JiOBy u-fecapH. *

M a m e n w e OKaaHHUH, naKH Bcwopt ypnnHB-b, pa3cujiauie bcio cboio paTb no BC"t>M*b yjiHuaMb h no BpaTOMi», u-fceapn 6peiH, a caM-b ch ocTa tokmo ct> HHH4aHukk) o6puBCH bt> 0603-6, h nyuiKH h nnmajiH yr0T0BHBT>, CoHuie 60 c h i f t c a p n . LJicapb w e , h k o cjiurna 6owne HSBOJieHHe, nonne Bb BeJiHKyio UepKOBb h nane Ha aeMJiio, npocs MHJiocTb 6owhk> h npoiueHHe corp-fcweHHeM-b, H npOCTHBCH CT> naTpHapXOMb H CO BCtMH KJIHpHKbl114 H CT> U"fecapHUeK>, H noKJioHHBCH Ha Befe CTopoHbi, no«ne H3*b uepKBH. H a6ne B030nHiua Becb KJIHpHKb H Becb Haponb, CymHH Ty, H WeHbl H n^TH, HMWe He 6 t MHCJia, pbinaHHeMb H CTOHaHHeMl, HKO MH'bTHCH uepKBH OHOH BejIHKOH KOJTeÓaTHCH, h rjiacH hxt>, mhw115, no HeGeci nocTHraxy 111 . Hnymy we u t c a p » 1 1 ' hst. UepKBH, ce enHiio npwpeKb: » H w e x o i e T b nocTpanaTH aa 6owhh uepKBH K 3a npaBocnaBHyio B-fepy, na noHneTb co mhoio!« H Bcfeni Ha $apHci>> nonne kt> 3jiaTbiMi BpaTaMb", Hanrae1" 60 cptTHTH 6e36owHaro. B c f c x i we bohhi coSpaiuecH 11 ' ct> hhmt. no Tpeio Tbicnmb. H oCptTe110 bo B p a r f e x i mhowctbo TypoKi. CTperymn ero, h noSHBme hxt. B c f e x i , nonne bo BpaTa, ho He Mowaauie 1 ' 1 npoHTH orb Miioraro TpyriHu. H naKH c p t T o m a 1 " hxi MHOwecTBO T y p o K i , h c t H a x y c n 1 " ct. hhmh h no hoiiih. H

The

Tale

of the Taking

of

Constantinople

247

TaKO nocrpafla 6jiarovfepHHH uapb KO[H]CTHHTHHT. aa qepKBR KM H aa npaBoenaBHy» rtpy, trfccniia « u n BT. 29 nem», Y 6 N B I CBOBIO pyKOB, HKome ocraBmeH CKaaama, GoJibMa 600 TypKOBi. H CT.6bicn.cH peieHHoe: KO[H]EMAHMUHOMB mdacA u na/cu Ko[H]CMAHMUHOM% u CKOHHOCA. 3aHe corpimeHReMT. ocymHeHHe c y a o m 6O>KHHMT> BPEMEHEMT. 6uBa*>n., íAodnMHue 6o, — pete, — u óeaaaxoHue npetpamumi npecmoAu ciuibHuxb. O BejiHKa CRJia rp-hxoBHaro wajia! O KOJIRKO ana. TBopan. npecTyruieuHe I O rope ToOt, Ced[TJMOXOJIMUU, HKO noraHHH TO6OIO oCjiajaiorb, h6O KOJIHKO C^aroflaTen ÓOJKHHXT. Ha Te6i BoacRHina: OBorna npocJiaBJinn h BeJiRwan nane HHUXT. rpaflOBi., OBorna MHoroo6paaH-fc h MHoroKparH-fe HaKaaan H HacTaBJiHH CjiartiMH jrfcjiu 1 " H «noaecbi 1 " npecjiaBHUMH, OBoraa me Ha Bpara no&baaMH npocjiaBHHH, He npecTaame 1 " 6o noyian h KT. cnaceHHio npsauBafl H HCRTCRCKRMT. Hao6HiiRein> yrfcraaH, HO yKpauiafl BcniecKu I TaKome H npeHenopoiHaH MaTH XpHCTa Cora Harnero HeHapeieaRUMH 6jiaro;rfeHHHHl" h HeRaieTHUUH AapoBaHbMH noMHJiOBaine • xpaHHine BO BCH BpeMeHa. T u me, HKO HeHCTOBen», eme Ha TeOt MHJIOCTH 6OHKHH Ha re&b H npe/iacTb rete B I pyirfe BparoBi» TBORXT. . H KTO O c e n í He BocnjianeTCH HJIH He Biapunaen.? Ho y6o NAKH na N P R A E M . K I npeJiemameMy. LJapnaa me B I O H I me nací npRRTi 1 " nponteHHe O T I u-fccapn H HHOHI>CTBO npHH. OcTanmHH me cTpaTHrn H Cojinpe, B S E M 1 " aapRqw H 6jiaropoflHuxi> ¿rfesHUT. R MJiaawxT. mem. MHoraxi, OTnycTRma BI> 3yCTyirfeeBM mn> KopaCnH R waToprn BO ocrpoBU H BT. AMapHionn KT» njieMnnaMi.. HapoflR MR. no yjiHuaMi. H no ABOPOMT. He noKapHxyCH 1 " TypHOM-B, HO 6b«xyCH CT. HHMH, H naflouia Toro « H H OTO HRXT. MHoro AIOHHH R meHi» H AeTeH, a RHMXT. noJiOHHxy1". T a « o me H BT. OKH&XI» cymen BORHH He npenaiua OKHH , HO 6i>HxycH CT> HBOHMH TypKu, BH-fe rpaaa cyupiMH H BHyrpH rpana, R B I N « H B OAOJRFEBAEMH Ctmaxy H CKPBRAAXYCH BT. nponacrexi, a HOMR BUJiaanxy H noOHBaxy TypKOBT». A HHHH JIIOAHH H MEHBI HFL-FCTHMeTaxy HA HRXT. CBepxy najian. KEPAMRAU R NJIRTU R naKH sawnraxy KPOBJIH najiaTHue ApeBHHtie H MeTaxy Ha HHXT> co orHR 1 " H naKocTb HMT. a-fcnxy BeJiRio. H ywacaxycn 6auiH H ceHanm-CeH R He B-fcRHxy, MTO COTBOPHTH, HO nocjiauia KT. cyjiTaHy: »Ame He caMi. BHRAemn BT. rparn, He onojieHT. 6ynen> rpajn>!< me BSBICKAHHE COTBOPH BEJIHE o IJAPH R O U A P H U R . H HE curfenuie BI> rpami HTH H 6bicn. B I pasMumjieHHH B I BEJXHKOMI.. H no3Ba Cojinpi H crpaTHn., Hxme noRMauie Ha 6oexi, R Hxme 6amn Banma Ha CBOH pynn, N BT>Aa RMT. CJIOBO CBoe Kp-fenKoe R sapu [H] nocjia RXT. CT> 6auiH H caHMaKT.-6eH peiun rpamaHOMi. no BC%MT> yjiHuaMT. H cymHMT. BT. OKHaxT. CAOBO cajrraHOBO cr. OHT.

KJIFLTBOK):

npecTaHen. OpaHb 6eai BCHKOIO CTpaxy r yfiRRCTBa r rurfeHeHRH! me HH — B C R X I Baci, H meHbi N H+TH BauiH, Meib noncTb 1 "!« H ceMy 6biBiuy " 4 , npecTa CpaHb. H BiAamacn BCH OOJIHPOMT. H CTpaniroMT. R GarnaMi Ha pyKH. H ce cnuuiaBT. canTaHi B03pafl0Bacn R nocna rpajji MHCTHTH, YJIHUU H noJTH. BT. 11 me neHb nocna caHfaKT.-6eeBT. no BCIIMT» YNHUAMT. CT. MHOPHMH jnoAbMH 6peiH napanbi. A caMT. noHjie co BCÍMH MHHU Bpan. CBORXT. BT. BPATA CBHTaro PoMaHa noaoôiiH He 6yayn>!« M noHae bt> uepKOBb. H Bunne Mpb30CTb aanycrfcHHH bt> cbhthjihiuc Gowne. M CTa Ha M-fccrfe cbhtèmi» e r o . riaTpHapxi. we h Becb H.iHpnKi> h Hapoai» B030nnuia cjie3hi l s ' h puaaHbMH h naaowa npea'b hhmi. O h i we noManBi pyKOK), aa npecTaHyn., h pene hmt>: »Toß-fe r.iarojiio, AHacTacwe, h Bcew apywHHl> TBoen it BceMy Hapoay: ct> flHeuiHHro ane aa He j-Cohtch rHtßa Moero, hh yÖHHCTBa, hh n-TfeneHHa!« H oßpaTHBCfl pene 6aiuaMi> h caHHaK-b-öeHMi: »fla aanpeTHTb BceMy BOHCKy h bchkomv HHHy MOHXb B p a n > , aa He a*fcion> Becb Hapoai rpaacKHH h w e H i h a^TeH hh y6hhctbomt>, hh lurfcHeHHeMi, hh hhoio Bpawaoio HHKOTopoK) ! Ame JiH we KTO npecTyrmrb Hauiero noBeJi-fcmiH, h CMepTHio aa yMpen> !«

H noBejit BUCJiaTH boht> , aa noHayn» kohwao bt> cboh aoMt, xoTHiue 60 BHatTH ypn,Th h coKpoBHiua UfpKORHaH, aa côyaeTcn peiemioe: M eAooKurm, pytfib1" ceox st, cenman Mcepmeennan, u cenmax nompeóumt u dacmb cbiHoeoMi nozuóejiu. Hapoay we H a y m y 1 " ao aeBHTbm roaHHbi, h eme MHoruMi» cymii.vn. 140 s i uepKBe, BHa"feBT> HcmeauiHXT. nojiHO nojie h bo Bcfc yjiimif « a y m n x i Miioro, h yaHBiicfl TOJiHKy Hapoay o n . oahoh xpaMHHU H3iiieaiiinMT> h nouae kt> uapcnoMy a B o p y . H Ty cp%Te 141 ero titKUH CepßHHi, — npHHece eMy u i c a p e B y rjiaBy. O h i we B03paaoBacH atjio h BCKopt no3Ba Gonnpi h erpaTHr-b, h cnpocH hxt>, a a penyrb eMy HCTHHy, ame to ecTb rjiaBa u-fecapeBa. Ohh w e , CTpaxoMi oaepwHMH, peKoiua eMy: »To ecTb cyman rjiaBa u-fccapeBa!« O h i we o6jio6bi3a i o 1 " h p e i e : •flBHa TH 6on> MHpy y p o a n , nane we h ivfccapn. IIoqTo Tano Boye nom6e14S?« M nocjia » kt> naTpnapxy, aa o6jiowhtt> 10 3JiaTOMb h cpeßpoMT. h coxpaHHTb 10, HKowe caMT> B"fecTb. riaTpHapxi. me, B3eMi, nojiowu 10 b i KOBMeweui cpeßpnub h no3JiameHT. h cupbi 1 4 4 10 bt> BejiHKOH uepKBH noab npecmnoMi. OTb h h u x i we naKH cjiuuiaxoMi, hko ocTaBuiew 145 ott> cyiuHXT> B p a n . yKpaaoiiia ero toh houjh h OTHecoiua ero bt> TaJiaTy h coxpaHHiua ero PP. O u-fecapHut we öbiBuiy BejiHKy HcnbiTaHHW144, CKaaauia cyjiTany, hko

BejiHKHH aynacb h BeJiiiKHM aoMecTHKi H anawToci H npoTocTpaTopoBi CLIHT>

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XpHCTHHHCTfeH1", HblH'fc H npHCHO H BT. B^KBL B'feKOM'b. AMHHb. 1 OTseMCTBOBaHHUXi. p. p. p., uapcTByioiuy •. • Ko(HlcTHHTHHy C>jiaBBio dal. abs. (temp.). gen./acc. pi. : 0T3eMCTB0BaTH. • OH^MT. HWHMen dat. abs. (temp.). « cnaaaBaxy imp. 3 pi. : c[i>]Ka3aBaTH. ' yMbiiiijiniomy uapio dat. abs. (caiis.). ' B3HTT. = Ban aor. 3 eg. : B[I)3RTH. * npeOuBaaiue imp). 3 sg. : npcOuBaTH. • yroTOBHma aor. 3 pi. : yroTOBHTH. • ci»6pa and the following expression in the same sentence nawan> = Haia aor. 3 sg. : CT>C[B]P. " npuHece aor. 3 sg. : npHHecTH. " Tpeio Ji-feru instr. " utcapio . . . npnxojifluiy . . . naioiuy dat. abs. " »HeMi. . . . MHuyBuiHMi. dai. abs. " CBnTHTeJiH instr. pi. " penouia aor. 3 pi. : peuiH. " ewe art. ret. (KenaHHe. •• noHywaauie imp/. 3 sg. : noHymaTH. " fl-fe.ieeu instr. pi. : fl-tJio. 1

250

Historiography

" nooBBaaamecb imp/. 3 tg. : nonBaaaTBCR. " coxpaHmome . . . n o K p u B a n m e . . . cnacaiouie . . . n p e i r t a f l n m e pr. a . p. (ado.) : coxpaHRTB, noxpuBaTB, c ( i ] n a c a ™ , npewkHHTH. " npeCBRTUH O o r o p o s m a gen. tg. " ewe art. ret. MBJIOCTB. " i b T B gen. tg. : HbCTb. " OTnanmeCb p. a. p. (adv.) : ornacTacR. * ' noBtTpBB irutr. pi. : noB'feTpBe. " o c K y j r t m a and the following exprettion in the tame sentence oOHHinama aor. J pi. : ocKyjrfcTB, OGHHIU&TH. " npeyHBHBWBCH 41 TypKM inttr. 44 aor. 3 tg. : NPEYHNAMARACR. pi. " CUB pr. a. p., del. : OUTH. rtunaiy 44 OpaTBHirb irbcapeButri» He c y m a m dot. abt. imp/. 3 pi. : rfcjrkTB. (cam.). " Bu-fewaaR 44 GbHxycn aor. 3 pi. : OBTBCH. pr. a. p. (ado.) : Bbrfeawara. " BejiHirt a THWirb dat. tg. : BiuiaKa, THiKbKa. " c a n t . . . c y m a dot. abt. " Boanoroma aor. 3 pi. : BT,3MOIUH. " CbH44 mecb imp/. J tg. : (SBTBCR. " r S c r b pr. 3 tg. : rfea^TH. flwe art. (pi.) re/, BCR. 44 TypKB 44 44 instr. pi. x o w a x y imp/. J pi. : XOJIBTB. BBjrfcBine p. a. p., nom. pi. : BHjrtTH. " Bocrpen e r a m a aor. 3 pi. : Bi>CTpeneTaTB. " noTpncecn and the following exprettion in the tame sentence noraOe aor. 3 tg. : noTpRcracfi, noraCHyTB. " ywacmecb p. a. p., nom. pi. : ywacHyTHCR. " coaAOma aor. 3 pi. : c [ i ] n a c T B . '* cirp'fcniHXOMT. and the following exprettion» in the tame tenienee OesaaKOHOBaxovb, paarH-hBaxoxi, oaJiofiaxoM-t etc. aor. l pi. " ewe art. ref. u ecMH 44 pexn-b e c a periphr. MBJIOCTB. •* OTBepcTB — OTBP*CTB. ecin. 1 pi. : OUTB. p. 4 4 o C v t w n a a m e imp/. 3 tg. : oCvba2 tg. : peuiB. ** a a p e K m a m (ieil. a m ) dat. abt. (temp.). waTB. " oOpainainecb imp/. 3 tg. : oOpamaTBcn. " y r o T o s j i n x y c n imp/. 3 pi.: yroBBTBcn. •• Mowaxy imp/. 3 pi. : MOIOR. »• Cflxy . . . MOJiflmecfl periphr. p. : Oflxy imp/. 3 pi. : ObiTH + MOJiflmecR pr. a . p., nom. pi. n a a i a f l x y imp/. 3 pi. : HaiaRTR. " CbGama aor. 3 pi. : CIOBTB. n orHfl inttr. pi. : ornb. " MHoru KOSHH i n i l r . pi. " MHRamecb imp/. 3 tg. : M(b)H*bTHcn. " DOKPUJIO Cnme periphr. p. : p. a. p., n . tg. : DOKPUTB + imp/. 3 tg. : OUTB. " MaRCfl pr. a . p. (ado.) : MaflTBCR. " c n a aor. 3 tg. : c(i)naTH. " n p a c i r t aor. 3 tg. : npacirfeTB. '* c i B p b UTBCH aor. 3 tg. : cfcBbpmaTBCR. " H a i a r b aor. 3 tg. — Haia. " Boanyxy . . . crycTBBUiycfl 44 T y r t loc. tg. : Tyra. dot. abt. " BaBBcecfl aor. 3 tg.: HaBRCHyTBCH. ** AuacTacae ARacTacaa. " rtca pr. 2 tg. : BTRTTH. BBjrfc aor. 2 tg. : BIWSTB. •• nojiKbi initr. pi. 4 4 " KOHHBKOIRB . . . c y n o n n . dot. abt. KOHHBKOMI> . . . npacn^Bmaurb dat. abt. " irfecapio nparHaBmy dat. abt. " BeJibMOwa and the following exprettion« in the tame sentence HOBHBKB, i r b c a a , opywHBKB initr. pi. " x a o r y cyiay BoacKy dat. abs. " BejiHHy c y w y a Houmy dat. abt. " Batm p. a. p.: B(*)aflTB. " p a a c i t e aor. 3 sg. : p a c c b i n a . " r j i a c u tn«ir. pi. : TJIaci. " naAma p. a. p. (adv.): n a c r a . " Hapaib-Ceio Oanrfe coOpaBiuy dat. abt. " * OTnowbme p. a. p., nom. pi. : OTJIOWBTB. 1 , 1 npeMoia — npeMoma inf. coaawAeTb pr. 3 sg. : ciabnaTa. a a w n y m e a pr. a. p., nom. pi. : absaTB. TypKOMi . . . c y i K f l m dat. abt. 1 M BCTaflma aor. 3 pi. : HCTaflTB. pacnaAoma aor. 3 pi. : pacnacTB. o d i R m e imp/. apaTU i n d r . pi. Haab prep. Ha + Hb acc. tg. : OHI. nocTpamyn, 3 tg. : OOIRTB. 111 (RBXI aor. 1 tg. : pema. 111 B s e m pr. 3 pi. : nocrpaflaTa. p. a. p., adv. : B[I]3HTH. " * E a j i r a y r n a i o . . . n p a c n ^ B m y dat. abt. KnapaKU inttr. pi. HHIO pr. 1 tg. : M(b)H-feTB. n o c r a r a x y imp/. 3 pi. : nocraraTB. a n y m y . . . n t c a p i o dat. abt. HaHine imp/. 3 tg. : 1>a oOfrfeTe aor. 3 tg. : oOp-fecTB. laRTB. coOpamecfl - ciOpamacR aor. 3 pi. Mowaame imp/. 3 tg. : n o m a . c p t T o r a a aor. 3 pi. : cptCTB. c t i a x y c H imp/. 3 pi. : c b i R c n . 1 , 4 jrfcjiu in»(r. pj. : fftno. Hionecu in»(r. pi. : mono. n p e c r a a m e imp/. 3 tg. : npecTaTB. 1 , 1 BaeMi p. a . p. (adv.) : OnarortHHBB inttr. pi. " ' npBflTb — npHR aor. 3 tg. : npBHTB. 1 , 1 nojiOHflxy imp/. 3 pi. : nonoHRTH. B18RTB. noKapRxycfl imp/. 3 pi. : noKopuTHCH. m o r a a initr. pi. noRCTb pr. 3 tg. : HOHCTB. c e n y (SbiBmy dat. abt. n u n . p. a. p. : nacra. B8RTL - Ban. aor. 3 tg. : B(t)8RTH. cJiesu initr. pi. (incorr.) : cjieaa. pyirt 141 MHorum cymaurb dat. abt. 141 cp-bTe acc. du. Hapony . . . Bay my dat. ab• CH'ESHTI 144 MHOaa nom. pi. : UHOrb. 144 RBUKU initr. pi. 144 H acc. sg. : o n . pr. 3 pi. : c(T.)ffftCTH. 144 B o c n p a e m 144 OTHteRen p. a. p , : BoenpaRTB — BICUPBRTB. pr. 3 sg. : OTirbnaTR. 144 XPHCTHHHCT6H dat. tg. instead " ' aTaMaacKUH — orrotiaHCKUR. of xpacTBRRCKbifl pen. tg.

»

310. Constantine I , t h e G r e a t , emperor of t h e B y z a n t i n e E m p i r e ( 3 0 6 - 3 7 ) , son of Constant l y I Chlorua (d. 306) and his first wife Helena. c Asia, L i b y a , and E u r o p e . d T h e T r o j a n W a r was misinterpreted as b e i n g a war between t h e Greeks and F r a n k s Phrygians). b

The Tale of the Taking of Corutantinople

251

* Neator-Iikander h u confused nam«* and persona. The aona of Conatantlne I here mentioned were Constans (emperor 325-50) and Conatantlua (emperor 317-41). ' Adamantlus(J). I The «lie of Constantlne I wai Fauata, daughter of Maxlmian. Maxlmlan'a daughter Theodora waa the second wife of Conatantlua I Chlorua. The Emperor Diocletian waa a friend of Conatantlne I In the latter'« youth. h Constantlne (316-40) waa the first son of Conatantlne I. ' Llclnlus (d. 325) waa married to Conatantla, half slater of Conatantlne I. 1 Delmatlua, half brother of Conatantlne I. k Conatantlua (not Constantlne), half brother of Conatantlne I. I Delmatlua' son was Delmatlua. m G alius and Julian (the Apostate) were sons of Conatantlua, half brother of Constantlne I. " The White Sea referred to here Is the Sea of Marmara. 0 Mohammedan. P Conatantlne I built the first aqueducts of Constantinople. 1 The Hippodrome. r The Great Bazaar containing 3,000 ahops. * The churches referred to here are the Cathedral of St. Sophia, the Church of the Holy Apostles, the Church of St. Irene, the Church of St. Moclus, the Church of the Archangel Michael. I The famous purple column brought from Rome to Constantinople by Conatantlne I. • The Icon of the Path-finding Virgin (Odlgltrla). T Justinian I the Great (483-565). * Theodoslus I the Great (346-95). x Eudoxla, the wife and widow of Conatantlne X Ducaa (1059-67). 7 St. Andreas, Archbishop of Crete (d. 712), a famous hymnologlst. * Sultan Mohammed II (1451-81), son of Sultan Murad I I (1421-51). " Constantlne XI Palaeologua (1449-53). bb " F r a n k s " here means the Venetian and Genoese troops In Constantinople. co xhe Patriarch's name was Athanaalus (1443-53). dd The Sultan's council was held on May 27, 1453. •• A Oeet sent by the Pope waa actually reported to be at Chios. ff Erroneously Anaataalus Instead of Athanaalus. I I Probably the Lycua Valley. hh Begler-bey (-beg), title of a governor of a province In the Ottoman Empire. 11 The (Sublime) Porte, a name given to the Turklah government, from the gate of the sultan's palace, at which Justice was administered. 11 Balta-oghlu, Turkish admiral, kk Janizaries. •1 The Golden Gate in Conatantlnople. mm Giovanni Gluatlnlanl, the Genoese admiral and commander in chief of the defense. •"> Morea, peninsula of Greece, held by the Byzantines, oo The Gate of St. Romanus in Constantinople. PP According to other sources, Mohammed II ordered the emperor's head to be exhibited publicly In the Augusteum. Q Hepafl^HUH Xa\n> ott> 6-iaroc.ioBeHiiH onta C B o e r o , 3 a H e He noKphi' HaroTH OTua C B o e r o H o n , ynnBT>iuacH 4 bhhomi. E r j a HCTpe3BHCH s Hoh orb BHHa h B p a s y M f , e q u i n a cotboph cmhi e r o nieHbuiim, h p e i e : TpeMT»

»ripoKJiHTT. Cyan XaMi, na fiyaerb paOi. opaTOMa CBoniwa'!« H fijiarocJiOBn flBy chhobi cboiixi Cniua ii A c ^ e T a d , iin poao.wi* no KO.TfeiOMT>, otjivihch Xyci bx

The Legend of the Princes of 10

Hhahh h p a c n p o c r p a H H C H

rjiyôoHaHinaH crpaHU

253

Vladimir T a m o Ha

boctoh%.

Mepc[eM]y

w e yMHOWHinacH n j i e M e H a « a n t e h n o ceH c r p a u u , Aery m e H a J i a n m n H n J i e i i e H a ori> c f e ß e p H u x T . c r p a H i . g a m e h h o H

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en

A j i e K c a H A p a , u a p n MaKHAOHCKaro, n p e M H H y a o ÜTOJiOM'fefl u a p n b o E r H i r r f c IlTOJiOM'beBi

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254

Historiograpky » 0 npecjiaBHHH c r p a n i m e l HBJIHH « e c a p n , CpaTa T B o e r o , o n

CMepTH B o c r a -

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uuixt.

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fiojiflpfl ero h B0eB0ffu h ptma euy: »CepAUe qapeBO b i pyirfc 6o>khh, HKome ecn> nHcaHO, a mu ecun bch paÖH tboh noAT> TBoeio BJiacTHio.« BeJiHKHH me KHHSb BnaAHMepi cbCnpaen BoeBOAU GjiaroHCKyCHLi h CnaropaayMHbi h GjiaropaacyAHU, nocTaajwen MHUOHanajibHHKH b cothhkh h nflTHAeCHTHHKH, H COBOKynH MHOrH TbICHII(a BOHHCTBT. • OTnyCTH KXT. H& OpAKHB, Llapnrpaaa oÖJiacTH " . h nonjrfeHHma hx» aoboju>ho h BoaspamnacH co

MHOrHMi öoraTecTBOMi SApaBH BOCBOHCH. *

TorAa 6 t bo LJap'ferpaA'fe önaronecTHBUH uapb Ko[h]cthhthht> Mohoioxi. , i n ra BpeMH CpaHb Hurfen CRT ílepcu h CT> JlaTBBu. H coeraBJiHen cbB^rb ÖJiarb npeMyApuB ctapbCKHH, OTpnmaeTb y6o nooui cboh m> B&jniKOMy khhsio BnaAHMepy BceBonoAOBHiio: MBTponojiHTa EijieccKaro Heo^iHTa orv Achh h ci> hhmi Asa enHCKona, MirryjiHHCKaro h MeneTHHCKaro, h crparara AhthoXHHCKaro h HrbMOHa HepycajiHMCKaro HeycTa4>HH h hbuxi> cbohxi ÖJiaropoAHbixi". O n CBoen me uapbCKBH Btut41 CHBMaerb WHBOTBopunyiH Kpecrx o n caMOro WHBOTBopfliuaro Apesa, Ha HeMime pacnHTCH4* anaAbiKa XpacToci». CHHMaert me o n . CBoen rnaBu uapbCKHH B^Heui h nocTaBJinen. ero Ha 6jik>a$ ajiarfa. rioBejrfcBaen. me npHHecTH KpaÖHuy cepAOJiHKOBy, a s i Henwe A s r y c n , uapb phmckhh, BecejiHuiecH. ITocuJiaen. me h omepejuie, cap-fe

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NOKJIAHNEMCH. 1

p o w i t b i u a r o c H p . a. p., gen. sg.:

a o r . 3 sg. : n O K p u T H . BCTpesBHTHCH. nom. "

poflHTHCH.

* ynnsiuiacn

• B p a 3 y » r 6 aor.

du. : CJIBSHH.

1

H3BepHMHO>KBBT.mHMCH

MHorHMX jitTOMT» M H i i y B i i n H M i dat. abs. (temp.).

sg. : OHa. B'tjrtTH. pre p.

" "

n m c p n gen. sg. :

+ Hb acc. : OHT>.

H n a T U instr. "

a o r . 3 sg. : yMopHTHCH. forms

"

"

i n the sentence

11

n o c m K e aor.

npnBeaeirtH

"

c f e a e aor.

: n p e n o H c a c T a , BoajiomHCTa aor.

3 du.

B o a j i o w H i n a a o r . 3 pi. : oOJieuiH, n p e n o n c a T H , BO3JIO>KHTH. nJiemeMa dat. du. : i m e m c . a o r . 3 sg. : c(T>)p'FECTB.

M

"

.leBH-TH loc. sg. : B(T>)cejieHHan. pi.

: BJiaa^Jibiib.

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44

MAN.

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3 pi. : OTBl>maTB.

n j i e m y CBOIO loc. d u .

aapoBe.

41

ecM*b p r . 1 pi. : 6 U T B .

OTB-tmama aor. "

"

=

H y w a MyapbiH acc. pi.

n o m . pi. : n o c J i a n n B K V 44

44

"

"

Menb =

"

Hanark

"

4T

44

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u-fenb.

w p e C B B gen. pi. : m p e C B B .

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=

yOHcra

a o r . 3 du.

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=

following

npenoRcnuia,

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Hawa aor.

pi. : x o p i o n B b .

instr.

=

yMopucn

"

=

3 sg. : HanaTB. "

o O p t T u u i a a o r . 3 pi. : oOp'hcTB.

T p o n u a gen. sg.

3a

aepM.iB.iOMT. i n s i r . sg. : n c p M j i B f l i .

>KB i n c o r r . a o r . 3 sg. : VKHTH. "

aaHb = "

of o O j i e K o u i a ,

instead

sy.

10 aec.

*• B i a n n .

oO.ieKOCTa and the

A B r y c T y . . . r p n a y m y dat. abs. (dat.).

BOB i n s i r . p i . : BOB.

"

3 sg. : C6CTH.

p . p . p., dat. sg. : npHBecTH.

gen. "

B-feCB p r . 2 sg. :

3 sg. : n o c n r H y T H .

p'bina a o r . 3 pi. : p e i u n .

noHpu

GjmaimrS

'

IIHAHU

O p a T u i n s ( r . p i . : Opan>.

11

3 sg. : yCHTH.

of yOHiua a o r . 3 pi. : yOHTH.

18

n p e a a a e a o r . 3 sg. : n p e n a T H .

"

pi. : HIT a n .

y O » aor.

(caus.).

AHTOHHHy . . . npauiCAUiy dat. abs.

c T p a m w e voc. sg. : C T p a T H n , .

BT3H aor. 3 sg. : BISHTH. instead

fl(T>)ujH.

' OpaTOMa CBORMa dat. du.

. . . POBOMI dat. abs.

1

' HCTpeaBHCH a o r . 3 sg. :

BcecjiaBi

p a c n n T c n aor.

a a p u acc. p i . :

Be.inKHH POCBH gen. sg.

Bcearc.

"

nocJiaHiiBiiki

=

CBHTOCJiaBi,. instead

o)

3 sg. : pacnHTBCH.

flapi. "

"

B.iaa'tJibua

OTB-femarra aor. 3 du. incorr. 41

c(x)p*fcTe

"

H w e ar(. ref.

e n B C K o n u insir. pi

Tke

Legend

of the Princes

of

Vladimir

257

" npeOucra aor. 3 d u . : npeOuTH. " B j i a j o o i e p c m nom. pi. : BnaAmepcKn. " WOE aor. 3 tg. : mm. " Hjiapae - H n a p n . " narpiiapcH nom. pi. : naTpaapxi. " narpaapxa and the following expression» MHTponojnmi, enHCKOmj, Hep-FCH iruir. pi. " nsseproma oor. 3 pi. : BiBp-bmM. " ornajuna p. a. p., ace. sg. : oTnacra. ** Jihrraion. pr. 3 pi. : mmra. " Hapemnecfl p. a. p., nom. pi. : BapeinHCH. a Bib. Canaan. b According to the Bible, Arphaxad was the third son of Sbem, the son of Noah. * The tripartition of the earth among the sons of Noah is in agreement with the theory presented In the cosmograpbic introduction to Nestor's Chronicle. d The genealogy from Noah to Alexander the Great is badly confused. The author appears to have used secondary—apocryphal, mythological, romantic—sources in addition to the Bible. * Sesostris, a mythical king of Egypt, identified by Josephus Flavius with Susakin of the Bible. f Nektanebh II, King of Egypt (367-350 B.C.), appears here in the same role as in the medieval tales about Alexander. 8 Philip of Uacedon (359-336 B.C.) and his wife Olympia were the parents of Alexander I who became king even of Egypt. h Ptolemy I Soter, King of Egypt (323-285 B. C.). 1 Actually, Olympia was not the daughter of an Ethopian prince, but of Neoptolemus, King of Molossos, and was not married to Byzas, the legendary eponymlc founder of Byzantium. 1 Cleopatra, Queen of Egypt (51-30 B.C.), daughter of Ptolemy XI. k Julius Caesar. I Marc Antony. m Octavlanus Augustus, later the first Roman emperor (27 B.C.-A.D. 14), was not Julius Caesar's brother, but his adopted son. n Brutus, o Pompey. P Crassus Instead of Cassius(7). q Porus, King of India, defeated by Alexander the Great. ' 51 B.C. • Herod the Great, son of Anttpatros and Roman King of Xudea, born In Askalon. t The names of Augustus' brothers (Patricius, Illyricus, Augustalius) and of his relatives (Pion, Prussus) are fictitious, n Ister •= Donau River. v Hungary. » Vistula River. x Marienburg in former East Prussia, y Torua (Poland) on the Vistula River. * ChoJnice(?) •» Danzig (Gdansk), bb Niemen River. cc Gostomysl, the commander of Novgorod, is a fictitious person, dd The theory of the descent of the Varangian princes R'urik, Truvor, and Sineus from Prussus, a supposed relative of Caesar Augustus, is the first expression of Russian (Muscovite) nationalism, ee 877. It Vladimir I, Great Prince of Kiev (979-1015), who Christianized bis people. Kg 988. hh 1114. » Vladimir Monomacbus, Great Prince or Kiev (1113-25), the son of Great Prince Vsevolod and the daughter of Emperor Constantine Monomachus (1042-55). II The theory expressed by the author regarding the origin of Vladimir's surname is pure invention. kk Thrace, province of Byzantium. 11 The ambassadors of the emperor were, according to the author, the metropolitan Neophytus of Ephesus, the bishops of Mytilene and Miletus, the governor of Antiochia and Eustathlus, the hegumenos of Jerusalem, mm H24.

258

Historiography

>"> Tbe Cathedral of St. Sophia in Kiev. o° The schism between the Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox churches occurred in 1054 during the reign of Constantine Monomachus, but the leading personage was neither a patriarch Hilarius nor a pope Formosus, both fictitious, but the Patriarch Michael Cerularius (1043-54) and Pope Leo IX (1049-54). PP A play on words difficult to understand.

T H E T A L E OF T H E T A K I N G OF T H E E M P I R E OF K A Z A N ' W r i t t e n presumably in the years 1564-65, some thirteen years a f t e r Ivan the Terrible's conquest of Kazan' in 1552, this is one of the most important works of narrative fiction of the period. It appears under different titles in different sources: in some of them it is entitled Brief Tale from the Beginning of the Empire of Kazan' and of the Muscovite Great Princes' Battles with, and Victories over, the Ttan of Kazan', and of the Taking of the Empire of Kazan'; in Others it is called simply The Story of the Empire of Kazan'. A biographical coincidence points to the fact t h a t Nestor-lskander's Taking of Constantinople undoubtedly served as a model. The author of this narrative—precisely as Nestor-Iskander— was a Russian who, captured by the enemy, spent twenty years as a highly respected prisoner a t the court of the tsar of Kazan' and thus was an eyewitness to the struggle he later described. Another coincidence consists in t h e use of a folklore account of the founding of Kazan' by the Volga-Bulgarian tsar Sain: the motif of the dragon destroyed by fire by a magician, a familiar, internationally known legend, parallels the legend employed by Nestor-Iskander. The narrative is an outstanding specimen of the glorious, dignified, and moderately rhetorical prose style of the time of Ivan the Terrible. Each chapter is in itself a compositional unit. The chapters here reprinted under their original titles are taken from o KaaaHCKOM uapcTBHe, KaaaHCKHft jieTonicei; (St. Petersburg, 1903), in IIoJiHoe coCpaHHe pycCKHX JieTOnacelt, Vol. X I X .

Hctophh

C s a s a H H e Bicp&Tii'fe o n . H & i a j i a I ^ a p c r a a Kaa&HCKoro

h

h o n o 6 , 6 A a x i > B e a m c e x T , KHJiaeH mockobckhxt. CO I^apH K&3&HCKHMH H O B3OTHH IJapCTBa KasaHH

o 6pafftxi

1

KpacHbia y6o h hobhh noB'fccrH aoctohho HSMt nocjiymaTH, o xphctohMeHHTHH JiioflHe, Awe cofltmuacH' npecnaBHafl flijia bt> nauien aeMjiH bo hhh Hauia'! . . . Ho mojiio Baci>, o 6orojiio6ui>i, He n03aapHTe rpySocTH Moen! O jiioCbh XpncTOBt noHapem« naeMi* 6 t x i ' h noKycHXcn*, HeBtnymMMi cero no Haci jiiofleMi.*, bt> poai. hhi> nHcamteMT. hsihbhth paayMHO MaJioBinoMbiH mhoio: o n . HawaJia KasaHCKoro UapcTBa, h OTKyny HcnepBa, h b i Kanan jrfcTa, h KaKO 6uTb nonacH*, h o 6i>ibiiihxi> bbjihkhxi n o C t n a x i c i bcjimkhmh HauiHMH caMonepHiuu' mockobckhmh. Hko na npoHeTiue10 SpatHH Hauia, bohhh, ott>

The Tale of the Taking of the Empire

of

259

Kazari

CKopÓH CBOCH NPMIRTHHTCH, a n p o c n i e ME BOBBeceiurrcii M npocnaBHn. Hcyca ewe

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BHFFFEXI ; MHoro me p t i b i o

p y c H H X i , HO MANO B I

NUTAXI OTO HCKyeirkHiiiHXT. jiioneH

p y c K H X i , H rnarojiaine TaKO HHT. H « H a n o , HH EAHHI m e noBtflaH HCTHHU. r p t x T > paAH MOHXT. cjiyHH MH CH rurfeHeHv

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jiHueMi

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TAMO

20

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me

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npHiTe"

H Mano AEMJIH MH YFFFCJIOMI n a c n . " ,

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rjiarojiwrb

17*

260

Historiography

BejiHKT.,

3MHH rnaBy

rjiaBOK)

hhmt., Toro

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A

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h

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The Tale of the Taking of the Empire of Kazan

261

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262

Historiogra

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The Tale of the Taking of the Empire of Kazan'

265

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268

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The Tale of the Taktng of the Empire of Kazan'

269

Vbu MH-fc, mhjiuh mor ijap» CanKHpe» I H e OTBtntaeniH jih co mhoio HMiero me?

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The

Tale

of the Taking

of the Empire

of

271

Kazan'

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272

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of the Taking

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273

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276

Historiography

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cpe6pHHan

osernAa* 17 H BT> 3JiaTtm B^Heui Ha r j i a B t ero, c i BCJIHKHMI meMMioroMi» H CT> KaMeHeMi APARAM yKpauieHi, H a a penan nop k o h x i me u a p c T B a x i , hh bt> c b o h x i , hh bt. qiomHXi, hh Ha K0eMi> me uap-fe, hh Ha Kopojrfc TaKOBbin KpacoTbi h chjiu h CJiaBhl BeJIHKHHl« Obh me iiapoRH mockobcth"', B03jrfc3iue Ha bucokhh xpaMHuu h Ha 3a6pa:ia h Ha noJiaTHbin noitpoBU, h o r r y a y 3pnxy uapn cBoero, obh me AaJieMe Hanpefli 3 a c K a K a m e " ' , h o n . OHtx-b ott> bucott> h ^ k h x i , jrfenHiuec«, CMOTpnxy, na bchko B03M0ryn> ero BH;rfcTH. fltBHua'" me nepTomnuH n meHU KimmH n 6ojinpcKHH , HMiwe Hejibat ecTb bt> TaKan no3opniua BejiHKan,

wejiOB-fenecKaro pan« cpaMa, H3i> aomobt. cbohxt. hcxoahth h H3i xpaMHHi H3Jia3HTH, — nojieaHi ecTb, rfl-fe c t f l n x y h HtHBSxy, hko tmtubi 6peroMH bt> Kn^TuaxT>, — ohh me coBepuieHHi npHHnuaiome H3i Bepen, h3T> OKOHeui c b o h x i , h bt> Maabifl CKBamHHUU, rjiHflnxy h H a c J i a m a x y c H * " MHoraro Toro BH«-feHHH MIOflHarO H noSpOTbl H CJiaBbl 6jIblHaHCH ,s0 . 1 uapH instr. pi. ' cojrfcHinacR aor. 3 pi. : dirfeHTHCH. ' Hama acc. pi. 4 HaeMi pr. p. p. : laHTH. * Mxt> imp/, (aor.) 1 sg.: Outr. • nonycBxcH aor. 1 sg.: nonycHTHCH. ' HeB-bflymHMi ... nioneMi dat. abs. (caus.). 1 noiacn aor. .5 sg. : noiaTeCH. • caMonepmnu inslr. pi. " npoHeTine p. a. p., nom. pi.: npoHHcTH, npoibTy. 11 npononwaioiuecH pr. a. p. {adv.): nponojiwaTBCH. " HtHBflxy imp/. 3 pi. : « h t h . aeMJin CBoeH gen. eg. " Oflxy CJiymame . . . naiouie periphr. p.: Onxy imp/. 3 pi. + pr. a. p. " aaiacn aor. 3 sg.: aaiaTHCH. " oCpiTOXi. and the following expressions in the same sentence BHjrtxi, nbiTaxi. aor. 1 eg. : oOp-tCTH, BHj-feTH, nuTaTH. " sapBapu ijwir. pi. " nama aor. 3 pi.: naTH. " a a p t x i loc. pi. : aapi. B3HT& aor. 3 sg.: b(t»)3hth. u u a i a x i aor. 1 sg. : HanaTR. " npaiTe aor. 3 sg. : npHiHCTu. " nacn> aor. 3 sg. : nam. - Mirfi mHByuiy dat. abs. (temp.). •• nbiTaiomy mh dat. abs. (.temp.). Ot . . . 3Han h nioOn periphr. p. : frt aor. 3 sg. + pr. a. p. : 3H&THt jiioOrth. *' Cp'bwaxy imp/. 3 pi. : Cp"feiHH. " cJibiinaxT. imp/. 1 sg. : CJiumaTH. " oOp'feTe aor. 3 sg. : oOp'bCTH. " bchu^mh instr. pi. : B[b]CHKl. " CtMHHbl ins/r. pi. : CtMR. " B-fcMl pr. 1 sg : B-taiTH. •• MH03H nom. pi. :

MHori.

" H-fcUH nom. pi. : h-6khh.

" aeM.in toh gen. sg.

•• miiBHUie imp/. 3 sg. : >khtr.

" jtBoio rnasy loc. du. *• nowHpame and the following expression in the same sentence HUHUie imp/. 3 sg. : nowRpaTH, r c t r . " Jiemama (.unexpected) aor. 3 pi. : JiemaTH. " HiHBHxy imp/. 3 pi. : whth. " oOpaau instr. pi. «• Mowaxy and the following expression in the same sentence oOxomaxy imp/. 3 pi. : mouih, oOxoahth. " 3pn and the following expressions in the same sentence oOxojw, nioOH pr. a. p. (adv.). " aoMbiuiJiHiueca imp/. 3 sg. : aoMbiCJiRTHCH. " bch

mRBywaH 3mhh rb acc. pi. " oCBOjioie aor. 3 sg. : oCo^omh = oOji-feiUB. " aaame = 3amb>i. " 4 noxBaTania aor. 3 pi. : noxBaTHTH. 1,4 4 1,4 Baaapauie imp/. 3 sg. : HaaHpaTB. " cronme imp/. 3 tg. : CTOHTB. npenacoBame 1,4 imp/. 3 sg. : npenacoBaTB. cocyabi insfr. pi. : c i c y a i . noBeaoma aor. 3 pi. : noBecTB.

280

Historiography

ynpocamacn

incorr.

B[I]HBTB.

instead

p a s A p a , n a j i e aor.

sentence

ynpocBcn

of

y M e p j i T . p . a. p. : y x p t T B .

JIIOCH.II p . a. p. B-fea^TH.

+ e c u p r . 2 80. : O U T H . 1 sg. : O U T H .

(temp.).

"•

aba.

r o m a aor.

: yOpema

3 pi.

HaaeMorme

p . a. p.,

n o r a S o a i a aor. p . a. p . , acc. i m p / . 3 pi.

y6p-6iUH.

: MOIDB.

eny

=

waTHCH.

npimxoMt : xyav

p . a. p.,

a o r . 1 pi.

nom.

3 sg. : n o c r a r a y T H .

p . a . p . : oCTaBHTB.

noABBa-bxi

l o c . pi.

" > TIUBIIIBCH p r . 2 sg. : T ( x ) i U B T D c n . i m p . 2 sg. : B(I>)BHTB.

a a K p u a o r . 3 sg. : n o a a n p u T H .

cynpyat

»•

sbTy.

HTyuiy

p r . a . p.,

dat.

sg. : MBCTB,

•*' n o T p n c e c H

dat. abs.

n p o p B a a o r . 3 sg. : n p o p B a T H . norBOayTB. a o r . 3 pi.

: oi(b)irtTH.

p . a. p. : B[I>JC4CTB. Mama and

nperysHBua

no-im,.

' * * v b c r u instr.

He c o O p a B n i B M i following

npananaTB,

""

Hor(T>)Tb.

••• O a r p b i instr.

i m p / . 3 pi.

CTaina a o r . 3 pi.

pi.

i m p / . 3 pi.

y M p o i n a aor.

crpera

3 pi.

pi.

: nymi. " '

Kasaauu

npoxowaauie

"•

n o a B o a e c n aor.

pi.

•>' o a e w a a acc.

Hora.

+

Ha

H b acc.

*" pi.

sg. : O H I .

a o r . 3 pi.

: noneTOBaTH.

crbKiuiecn : MOIKB.

••• C K a n a x y

: CT.6JIK>CTB.

imp/.

KOUK> . . . •••

apxBMapaTU a c c . sg. :

a e M . m gen.

toc. sg. : u a p c m > .

n n e i a y toe. d u . : n j i e m e .

ae

: npoTemH.

B o n a M a p . a . p.,

i m p / . 3 pi.

pi. :

: Mbiui[b]aa.

pi.

n p o T e K o u i a a o r . 3 pi.

Hwanxy

:

crpe-

B p a i e s e nom.

3 sg. : n o a B o n y T a c a .

uapcrbHi

pi. :

: oxpaCpBTBCn.

••* M o w a x y i m p / . 3 pi.

: EIPOJIHTHCH.

det. :

instr.

: cbqaTBcn.

M u u m a acc.

: yMpfrra.

the

C M - 6 i u a [ u i a ] c n a o r . 3 pi. :

O H e p j i e a a B a u i e i m p / . 3 sg. : O M b p ( B ) J i e a a B a T b .

" '

i m p / . 3 sg. •. D P O X O A B T B . « • prep.

3 pi.

Konaa

KBjiaxy

nocTpaAama aor.

:

...

and

pr. a. p.,

*•• a o r r a

: HaBBTfl.

••• c o O n i o a a x y i m p / . 3 pi.

p . p. p . : oCojioMb, oOoJiOKy. ••• a a H b

crperaa

n a n y i u n p r . a. p . , f . : a a T B . 3 pi.

pi.

: npejrfeTaTa,

: BiajiaaBTB.

: c[i]HHTacn.

n p a O n u m a i o u i y C H e M y dat. abs. (temp.). instr.

-

c r f e u a x y c H i m p / . 3 pi. 3 pi.

•"

i m p / . 3 pi.

: noJrtaTH.

oxpaQpamacn

n o u e r o B a x y i m p / . 3 pi.

* M n p o j i a o i a c a a o r . 3 pi.

H H r y M e a u i n « t r . pi.

nOJiKH instr.

npejrtTaxy

npajianaxy

a o r . 3 pi.

••• n a B B i n a aor.

pi.

CToaue

. . . MHTyutBHCfl . . . a e B ' b A a i o i u B M ' i »

: BlijH'bHBTB.

: BiaabprneBaTn.

a t B B i j a acc.

cjioBecu npHCTynjibme

3 du. : nocn'feuiBTB.

, m

BCBNI

U1

: •'feuibub.

pi.

B o a j i a a n x y i m p / . 3 pi.

: KptniKi.

: c,[T.]TpbCKOTaTH.

: cbuiacH.

M o r y m y dat. abs.

BOABTB.

instr.

:

— BIDBTB.

: OJiynaTB.

pi.

3 pi.

oiaiiua

p . a. p. : B ( i ) a i r r B .

B M I . . . y c n ^ B a i o u i f l M i . . . a e M o r y i u a M i dat. abe.

: CHaKaTB.

••• J i y w a nom

nontaonia

CHHiuacH aor.

K p ' b o u ' b adv.

aor.

l o c . e g . • BCJIHKT» n o n K i .

npanaAaxy,

: Oar(T.)pi..

pyCTB n o m . pt. : p y c [ b O ) K i .

3 pi.

*"

•"

BM*bHHxy

B o a a e p m e B a x y i m p / . 3 pi. *"

BaeMi

OHH p r . a. p. : O i i r t T B .

: craTB.

C H O T a x y i m p / . 3 pi.

nom.

sentence

pi.

BoarjiacBBmy

noraCouia

nTHua n o m . pt.

CABNE a o r . 3 sg. : C[I>]HBTB.

d'bjM'tiiiaTBCH.

p . a. p.,

same

pi.

: KHflaTH.

•"

pi.

no-

: noauCaTHCfl.

p . a. p. : y r a c H y T f l [ a p p o s i t i o n to o r a b ] .

: Meib.

instr.

»"

j r b c T B B i i a acc.

nocTpanaTB.

Bpaib.

the

npBJianaTa.

CTpema.

,M

in

expressions

nonu'b

KaaaHuaMi

yracme

. . .

B o n f l H i u e i m p / . 3 sg. : BOIIBTB

n o c n t m H c r a aor.

"* Mesa

"

nlunju

*"

MICTO.

pi.:

dat. abs.

: Konae.

pi.

u m

C n y n a u t e p r . a. p., nom.

C M O T p a i n e i m p / . 3 sg.

following

*** BOHHB

l o c . sg. : C T p a x i .

i m p / . 3 pi. w

:

ocTaajit

B B Q U n o m . p t . : B H a b adj.

sg.

BeJiairbMi»

w

n a b i i r t x i . toe. p t . : n a u r a .

p. a. p., n o m . pt. : npflCTynBTB.

instr.

gen.

abs.

3 sg. : B i 3 H 0 m a .

aor.

. . . MTymy

3 sg. : n o a H H T H .

aor.

notCTH.

""

CopoTBcnJ. crpac*

noabiOaxycn

* * ' c n a ' i a p r . a. p. : C K a a a T B .

pr. a. p. : MaxaTB.

pi. the

nonaa

M

dat.

w B B f l n i e i m p / . 3 sg. : W B T B .

CBflujeHHHKy

••• n o n f l e a o r . 3 88. : DOHCTH

: noT(i>)-

3 pi.

npeCTaTB.

loc. sg. : c y n p y n . .

a o r . 3 sg. : n o T p n c T B c n .

t n a i r . p i . : HHHSI>.

n o m H a i a a o r . 3 pi.

BoaMowe

U1

rpeCKB-

noMoraiomy

sentence,

* " ' n p e c T a a o r . 3 sg.:

: noABHrb.

KeepKea.

: T&KBH.

pi.

Cory

in the same

: CJIOBO.

=

n o T i i x a u i a c f l aor.

O p a B c n p . a. p . : OpaTBCH [ =

c j i o s e c u i n » t r . pi.

i m p / . 3 sg. : B e c T H .

HHHAH

111

Homaxy

of

ne xoi-bBiuy

T a i r b x i gen.

: npHHTH.

a a r e j i u instr. pi. : aHrejn..

npHflTH, n o w H T B .

"»

cJiyiinacH

instead

CKepacKa

(temp.).

: TaKHH.

*** n p a n i n a and,

3 sg. : y M p t T H . Hcieaoma,

sejmme

: CVTBOPHTH.

pi.

incorr.

du.:

yOpe-

of

: rtuaTH.

3 sg. : n o a B H r H y T H C H .

•*• T a u b i H n o m . pi.

•*• c o T B o p m e

n o c T H H t e aor.

dat. abs.

Tya-fi loc. sg. : T y r a .

CKHneTpt. comp.

cyiuy

aba.

npeMOJiie aor. 3 y u p e aor.

" '

Obuia o6u-

n o m . pi. : n a p - k

Momame

1,1

Ouxi MIRT dat.

: uocrnmyTH.

: nacTH.

M[T>]4aTH.

n o n B H m e c n aor.

HecHOMy u a p i o dat. aba. (cans.). xywntme

sg. : OHa.

p r . 2 sg. :

y O p e m a u i a i n c o r r . instead

nupoBe

i m p / . 3 sg.:

: cTpyn,.

: seMjin.

p. :

Btca

npaineaniB

r t u a x y i m p / . 3 pi.

to acc.

, M

••• t n a m e

••• C T p y a t x i . toe. pi. pi.

n a a e a o r . 3 pi.

: H3BCM0UW.

pi.

same

ocjrfcriHyTH. 1M

3 sg. :

IHOOBJIT. e c H periphr.

n o c T a r o m a a o r . 3 pi.

1,1

3 sg. : y w a c H y T H C H .

: c[i]Jiy4HTHCH.

pi.

3 sg. : CIT.]6UTH.

: HcneaHyTH, noraCHyTH.

3 pi.

aeMjiH acc.

= nom.

111

p. p . , /. : BecTH.

o c - T t n o c T a a o r . 3 du.:

y w a c e c n aor.

aor. i n the

expressions

B A a x c H a o r . 1 sg. : B [ i ] a a T H C H .

c O u c T b aor.

OOUTB = OOBTB.

npeMOJiKHyTH.

instr.

B e a o M a pr.

6*fexi. i m p / , ( a o r . ) 1 sg. : OUTH.

A o m a a o r . 3 pi.:

(tepn.

>«

l a n e

C B e p m e a n d the following

3 sg. : c [ i ] B p - 6 i U H , p a a n p a T a , n a c T B .

MH*b . . . M o r y i u n dat. cond.,

periphr.

3 sg. : y n p o c B T a c n .

aor.

1,1

sg.

oOonieHi "*

H o r y loc.

: HBABTB

=

du.

•fianHTH.

The Tale of the Taking of the Empire of

Kazan'

281

Tftni - irin«. n a p u instr. pi. : nap%. •** aeiuiH gen. to. rtcn> b b a o t - rkcioi B«aaji». mockobctm nom. pi.: MOCKOBbcm. a a c K a x a m e am. i pi. : t a c K a x a T a . "' jrtBBiia rum. pi. H a c n a m a x y c H imp/. 3 pi. : H a c n a A m c f t . OflbQUCH p r . a. p . , gen. ig. / . : OjibmaTMCH.

• Tbe former Volga-Bulgarian kingdom later incorporated by the Kazan' Tatars. b The region of V'atka. « The region of Perm'. 4 The former region of the Polovtsians or Kumans in the steppes, e The Finnish tribe of Cheremlslans or the Marl. t Batu, khan of the Oolden Horde, who attacked Russia in the thirteenth century. K The author may have studied Tatar sources. h I t is not clear which one of the Kazan' princes the author has in mind (possibly SahibGlreJ or Dafa-Girej). 1 The Muscovite tsar is Ivan IV. I Br'axov (or rather Br'aximov) was a principal Volga-Bulgarian town, but Its site Is now unknown. k The Bulgarian Prince Sain seems to have existed. Here he Is assumed to have arrived from Sara], the capital of the Tatar Golden Horde. ' 1100. m The Bulgarian kingdom on the Volga River. II The Noga] Horde, north of the Caspian Sea. 0 Bulgaria on tbe Balkan Peninsula. P Prince AndreJ, called Bogol'ubsklJ, the Qrst Great Prince of Suzdal' and Vladimir (d. 1174), was presumably married to a Bulgarian woman. 1 Probably a town, unidentifiable. r Sain's Tent, from which the name of the first Bulgarian king. Sain, may be derived, was devastated by the Russians in 1399. • Tsar Vasllij (1505-33) who strengthened Muscovite Influence In the Kazan' khanate. » 1534. v Ivan IV the Terrible. w Georglj (1533-63), Imbecile brother of the tsar. I Damn (d. 1547), metropolitan of Russia (1522-39). 7 Jelena, a member of tbe GUnskij family, Tsar Vasllij's second wife. » 1542. »• On the following pages the author repeats tbe false theory of Pachomius Logothetes concerning tbe origin of the tsar's regalia. (See annotations to The Legend o/ the Princes of Vladimir.) bb The title of " T s a r " was officially assumed by Ivan IV the Terrible. cc The title " a u t o c r a t " had been officially assumed by Ivan I I I In 1482. dd Sultan Mohammed II (1451-81), tbe conqueror of Constantinople. The principality of R'azan', close to the border of the steppes, was Incorporated Into Muscovia In the beginning of the sixteenth century. ff The small principality of Novgorod-Seversk had also been incorporated, (tg Galii, Ust'ug, V'atka, and Perm' were towns and regions In tbe northeastern part of Muscovia. •>•> Saracen. II Obviously a Russian translation of the Tatar name meaning "Goldbottomed kettle." 11 The Mohammedans were presumably descendants of Isbmael, son of Hagar. kk Esau, son of Isaac, was—according to the Bible—married to a daughter of Ishmael. H Bib. Jacob, son of Isaac. m m Remote Saracen lands. nn \ Mohammedan ecclesiastical official, probably of high rank. ° ° Probably Sumbeka, widow of the last legitimate prince of Kazan', Sapb-Girej (d. 1549). PP Vasllij Serebr'anyJ was an otherwise unimportant Muscovite general. 11 Niinlj-Novgorod on the Volga River. " Probably Prince Utekish-GireJ. «» Sumbeka's father was Mirzah Jusuf of the NogaJ Tatar horde. M The bodyguard of the princes of Kazan', ua Officials of the civil administration of Kazan'.

282

Historiography

TT Svljaisk bad been built in 1551 at the m o u t b of t h e Svijaga River as a base against t h e Kazan' T a t a r s . w w Probably Identical with Vasil'jeva Sloboda in t h e Niinij-Novgorod region on t h e right shore of t h e Volga River. « A cousin of I v a n IV. 77 Legendary kings, probably quoted from a hagiography, e. g., The Lite of Grejeniius, Archbishop of the Homerites. " One of the first princes of Kievan Russia, the f a t h e r of Vladimir I. A Xerxes, King of Persia. B Vladimir I (979-1015). c Prior to his baptism, Prince Vladimir I conquered t h e Byzantine town of Chersonesus on t h e Crimean peninsula. D The author repeats on t h e following pages what had already been written by Pachomius Logotbetes. E Thrace on t h e Balkan peninsula. F Chalcedon in Asia Minor. » VaslliJ I I I (1505-33). H I v a n I I I (1462-1505). 1 Anastasia (d. 1560), I v a n I V ' s wife, daughter of Roman Jurjevic Zaxarjin. J The Cathedral of the Annunciation in t h e Kremlin. K Bulak, a part of K a z a n ' . I- Andre) was the Tsar'» personal confessor. M The princes of A s t r a x a n ' sided with I v a n IV. N Sbig-Ali pretended to t h e throne of Kazan' on several occasions and even now sided with I v a n IV. 0 One of the gates of t h e Kremlin in Kazan'. p Simeon Mlkulinskij-Punkov (d. 1562) was appointed t h e Tsar's representative (and actual ruler) in K a z a n ' by I v a n IV in 1552. 4 One of t h e gates of t h e Kremlin in Kazan'. R Both Prince Peter Sien'atev and Prince I v a n P r o n s k i j - T u r u n t a j were later murdered by order of I v a n IV (1568 and 1570). 8 Metropolitan Makarl] of Russia. T The kingdom of Babylon is unidentifiable; it is, in any case, a Mohammedan country. U Swedish king. v Danl9h king. w Walachia (a part of later Rumania). x England.

THE TALE OF THE ATTACK OF THE L I T H U A N I A N KING STEFAN BATORY ON THE GREAT A N D FAMOUS TOWN OF PSKOV A N D OF ITS LIBERATION This anonymous narrative was undoubtedly written but a short time after the event it describes, the siege of Pskov in 1581, and is thus characteristic of the literary style of Ivan IV's time: Muscovite rhetoric, founded by Metropolitan Makarij, characterized by verbosity, decorativeness, syntactical fluency of language, neologisms, and the use (and abuse) of magnificent titles. The struggle between Ivan the Terrible of Muscovia and Stefan Batory, King of Lithuania, is interpreted in the light of the hagiographic concept of the struggle between the saints and the dragon of paganism. Although this prose was devoid of true

The Tale

of the Attack

of the Lithuanian

King

Stefan

Batory

283

lyricism, the reader will nevertheless encounter sporadic attempts at poetic treatment of the historical material, and now and then the language assumes a form of clear rhythms. The t e x t is presented in excerpts from HTCUHH B HiinepaTopcKOM OCmecTBe HcTopHH H flpeBHoerelt POCCHACKHX, No. V I I (Moscow, 1847).

D o i r f e c T b o npHxoseHHH JTHTOBCKSTO icopojui C r e ^ a H a ci>

BEJIHKHM'B H ROPABNRB

BOHHCTBOMT.

HA BEJIHKHH H caaBHUH H 6 o r o m > cnacaeMLiH r p a ^ t

IICKOBT,,

H R a s o h36ABH 6 o n > o n , p y c y 1 B p a n . H a n i H X b 6 o r o M i . c n a c a e n b m r p a n i > IICKOBI> : MHJIOCTHK)

NPESESHAIAJIBHUII

TPOHIJA1

co

CTy^oMt

ORBHAOMA

B-FE w e cue BT. JT6TO 7 0 8 5 » , BO uapbCTBO CjiaroB-fepHaro H xpHCTOJiioCHBaro rocyaapn uapn H BejiHKaro KHHSH M B a H a BacHjibeBHHab, Been PycHH caMOA e p w q a , H n p n C.naroB'fcpHHXi ero uapeBHiexb, U A P E B H I I MBairfc H B A H O B H T B « H uapeBHM-fe eAop% MBAHOBH«RKD, NPABFLMHMI w e H M T . ' , rocyflapeMb HauiHMi, « o 6 p i npaBOCJiaBHoe XPHCTHHHCKOG PocwHcuoe IJapbCTBo. O n

OKOJIBHHXI

H HEB-FEPHBIXI

uapen

H Kpajien

H BCHKHXT.

HaxajibHuxi,

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284

Historiûgrapky

IlyTH me mecTBeHHOMy Ha BparH HaHHHa»mycH 1 * Hai cjiaBHaro rpaaa IIcKOBa, npHxoAHTb w e SjiaroB-fepHUH rocyaapb bi> coöopHyio ubpnoBb JKhboHawaJibHUH TpoHouh h npHnaAaerb npeA* cbhtumi o6paaoMi> H\nBOHawa;ibHiiR TpoHUW h mojí ara BT. TpoHiya cjiaBHiiaro 6ora, Aa6bi euy, rocyAapio, 6 o n . noaaJTb xmiocTb cbok> CBuuie h noCÍAy Ha HeB-fcpHUfl BparH, Hme HacHJiyiorb Ha xpncTHaHU, BtpyiomHxi. bo XpHcra. Tano w e npHxoAHTb npem> wionoTBopHyio HKOHy ripeHHCTbiH E o r o p o A H u a " , cJiesu me mho™ npojjHBaen. npejvb cBHTbiMT» en oCpasoMi.

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Tame npHXOAHTi kt> cpoAHHKy CBoeMy, 6Jiar0BtpH0My h BeJiHKOMy khh3k> BceBOJiOffyi, ncKOBCKOMy moAOTBOpay, kt> necTHbie ero paKH, erome HaMHOa-fe Ha MOJiHTBy h Ha noMoiub npH3UBaen>. 3HaMeHaBuiHCH14 chjio» BooöpameHHH KpbCTa XpncTOBa, on> nenepcKaro HryMeHa CejiHBecTpa, Tame no moAOTBopHblMl» HKOHaMl SHaMeHaBUIHCH H Ha MHOrne OTBiTH CBHTMMl MÍCTOMT. H HiOnOTBOpHbIMl HKOHaMT» B03AaTH OTB'fcniaBIIIHCfl1 ' , HaHnaWe MIOflOTBOpHOMy riesepcKOMy MOHacrupw bt> aomi IlpecBHTUH Boropoflnuu, Tame ÖJiaroB-fcpHbiH rocyAapb HacroHujeMy CBoeMy nyTH nacaerb. riocTHrmy w e eMy, rocyAapio, BHKHTeJiH Bh HauiecTBHe h paaywfciome bt. BOHHCTBt Kp-fcriKa h CHJi[b]Ha, HeMOiub w e cbok) aHaiome, bosmhtomacH h BOCKOJieCaiuecH hko ithhhhh . Obhh me orb hhxi bohhu cTpaHbi OTÖ-feroiiia, HHHH me bo rpantxT. cbohxt. saTBopHiuacn Hanpinno, h Ha Kp-fcnocTH HaurfewmecH rpanHUH, obhh w e CMyniaiomecH, bo r p a A ^ x i cha^th jih Kp-fcnKO, HJTH noKopHTHCH h ct. AapMH pycKaro BenHKaro rocy^apn CTp-fcTHTH, B-fcayme, HKO yKp-fenJieHHUH «XT, CrfeHbl npOTHBO pyCKHXl CrtHOÖHTHblXT. COCyAOBl OTCTOHTH He MOryTb. BoWHeiO MHJIOCTHM) H npeWHCTHH ÔOrOpOAHUbI MOJieHHeMl H CBHTUXT. BejIHGjiarOB'fcpHblH rOCyAapb uapfe H BejIHKHH KHH3b HBaHT. BaCHJIbeBHMb BCeH PyCHH He TOKMO OTMeCTHTeJIb BparOMT. 60WHHMT. HBHCH, HO H rocyAapb Been aeMJiH toh no aoctohhhio npocJiaBHcn. Obbih we hxi r p a « w sa mHTOMi npHHMaiue": chh w e hh Koen mhjiocth h WHBOTa He nojiyMHiua; hhhh me H^Mitbi h31 cbohxi rpaAOBi sa MHorne nonpnoia HcxowAauia 1 ' co MHorHMH AapMH [h] ci weHaMH h JvfcTbMH uapio noKJiOHHUiaCH1': h rocyAapb Hafli TaKOBbiMH MHJiocepAHe CBoe n0Ka30Baiue. Ejihum me hxt>, Ha MHorne ^ t T a h Ha TBepAOCTb rpaAOBi HaA"feioiuecH, h Kp-fenut Boopymauiacn1* efeA^TH, h noBeJit r f e x t AO ocHOBaHHH crfeHbi paapymaTH, caM^xi me pasHbiMH rop[b]KHMH CMepTbMH yMpeTH ct. meHaMH h ci ntTbMH, Aa h npoHHH cTpaxT. npHHMyrb.

KHXT. HKJflOTBOpUeBT.

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hko ott> pocHHCKáro

The

Tale

of the Attack

of the Lithuanian

King

Stefan

285

Baiory

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286

H istoriography

BacaJibeBHWb Bcen PycHH uanpacHoe e r o , TaTeCHoe, aB-fepHHOe ycTpeMJieHHe,

BoeBonu me cboh h MHorHH boh ki> ÍIoJiouKy r p a a y h bo OKpecTHhiH n p e n n o c u jiaen>. BoHHCKHe jiioah h CTp-fejibUbi Ha o c a a y bi npHÓaBKy n o c n a . B t 6o — hc Toe yKpaHHU jiioah ct> rocynapeMT. 6nuie bt> bohhctbí, bt. BeJiHKOMi. co6paHHH. B o r y me nonycTHBUiy" CKBepHaro cero BapBapa Ha xphcthhhu r p ^ x i pajiH HaniHxi, BtcTb me npHHae ko r o c y a a p i o bo FIckobi, hko jihtobckoh Kpajib IIOJIOUKOH B3Hwii h co OKpecTHbiMH ero r p a j u " . MHOrne me 6e3MHCJieHHbiH rocyaapeBhi BoeBoabi h boh bi> nojiouK-fe h bo OKpecTHbixi rpaivfcxi x p a 6 p o me h MywecTBeHHO KpoBH cboh aa XpHCTOBy B Í p y H3JiHHUia,t. H o h nane bo r p a n t CoKOJrfe HapnAH-fc, n a i e Heme bt> hhuxi. CjiumaB-b me ene r o c y a a p b , KpyiHHOK) o6ihtt. 6ubi, ho tokmo rjiaro-iauie: »Bojih rocnoflHH «a 6 y « e n . ! « *

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bt>

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TaKO me h o BejiHKOMi HoB-ferpas-fc MHororopaeJiHBaH*« napene h k o m e : >Hh eflHHt r p a f l i He MomeTi yKptnHTMCH hjih otcha^thch o r í Benunaro noji[b]cKaro KpajiH h ott> MnomecTBa jihtobckhxt. x p a C p h i x i bohhi ! O MHpy me h h KaKO h h bt> jiOMMCjrfe« -— p e i e — »npHHMy!« r i o c j i u me rocyflapeBbi ct> co6o» b3hth n o B e j i t noai> BeJiHKHe JlyKH: »fla CMOxpHTe,« — pene, — »KaKO r p a a u r o c y a a p n Baulero nonn-femo!« IIpHHAe me B-fecTb kt> rocyflapio HaiueMv, hko He tokmo MHpi o n . Hero [He] npHHTT>", ho h nocjibi ero rocyflapeBU ch co6ow [b3hth] noBeJit, h BenexBaJi[b]HUH cboh noMbicni He tokmo Ha BeJiHKHH JlyKH HapbirHy*', ho BejibMH npeB03Hececfl ropaocTHio Ha Bcjihkhh H o B i r p a a i , nane m e , n p e f i o j i t e m e , Ha cnaBHbiH h 6oroMT> cnacaeMbin rpa^-b FIckobi. H pene:

The Tale of the Attack of the Luhuanian

King Stefan Batory

287

»Toi 6o, c j u i i n a x i , ÍIckobt, r p a a i npeBeJiHKi» bi aeMJia Bamea, KaMeHHOorpaAHUMH KptnocTbMH, npe6ojrfc h naie hhmxi, yTBepmeHHHH. Cero hhi — p e i e — »npe6ojrfc h npewe noflo6aen> b3hth. Bcjihkhh me H o B i r p a A i h He eHHHaro ahh npoTHBi MeHe iioctohth ue Momen,!« rocynapb me, cue cjibimaBi, seJibMH BoaAOxnyBi., h ct. rjiyGüHU cbpAHa pene: »Bojih TOcnOAHH aa 6y^en>!« * B i BeJiHKHH HoBtrpami BoeBOAfcJ nocna. B i BenHKHH, 6orom> cnacaeMUH rpaAi> ricKOBT. nocujiaerb CjiaroB'fcpHbiH rocyAapb, aapb h bcjihkhh KHH3b HBaHi» BacHJibeBHHb Bcen PycHH, 6onpHHa CBoero h BoeBony, khhsh BacHJibn OeAopoBMMa IIIyHCKaro-CKonHHa, Aa SonpHHa CBoero h BoeBOAy, khash ÜBaHa neTpoBHia IIIyHCKaro, Aa B0eB0Ay MnKHTy HBaHOBHna OHHHa-ÍIjiemeeBa, H KHH3H ÜBaua OHAP'ieBHia XBOpOCTHHHHa, H KHH3H BjiaSHMepa HBaHOBMMa BaxTenpoBa-PocTOBCKaro, h khhsh Bacmib« MnxaHJioBHMa PoeroBCKaro-JIoCaHOBa, H Cb HHMH BOH MHOrH. Chxi, me npeAnoMHHynjxi 6o«pi cbohxt. h BoeBOflt i;apb h bcjihkhh KHH3b ÜBaHi, BacHJibeBHMb Bcefl PycHH, oTnyiuaioiiie" bo IIckobi, HaKaayerb HX*b CB0HMH UapbCKHMH HaKa3aH[b]MH: H KaKO H M l Sa npaBOCJiaBHyiO xpaCTHHHCKyw B'fepy, H 3a CBHTbin LtbpKBH, H aa Hero, rocyAapn, H ero rocyAapeBU A^th, h 8a Bce npaBocjiaBHoe xphcthhhctbo Ha BparH ctohth h 6hthch ct> hhmh KptnKO, OTb BceH «yuiH h cbpAua CBoero, cb noApyiHbiMH hxi boh" Aame A0 cxepTH; h Kano hmi bchkhmh KpinocTbMH yTBepAHTH crtHbi rpaaa IIcKOBa, yMHHHTH no HHHy, hko me noflo6aen>, bo ocaA"fe Kp-fenivfe 6hth . Chmh me MHorHMH HaKaaaHbMH uapbCKHMH HaKaaaBb hxi uapb rocyAapb, h O6ÍTU

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The Eroa

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we

—

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King

Stefan

293

Batory

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6 b i o i a e c H , H CT> A O C T a j i b -

294

Historiography T o r o w e n a c y , e r a a xpHCTHHHCKoe OAOJrtHHe H a a i J I H T B O » nonaaa 601-1.,

H

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The Tale of the Attack of the Lithuanian King Stefan Batory

295

en Powecrea a Bcfext cbhtuxt. b6jihkhxi> qnffOTBopqoBi», roro rhh cnaceHi 6ucn> B6JIHKHR rpam> ÍIckobi», h bcjihkoc ojiojrtHHe nonaaa 60N. xphctjlhhCKOMy BOHHCTBy HajP> rOpAeJIHBOiO JlHTBOK) . . .

• Tano H we bt, JlHTBy orfe3HKe TBoero y Ma, nojibCKHH «panto? Hto we TBoero 6es6owHaro cOB"feTy, khh3i> bcjihkhh jihtobckhh? Mto we TBoero js,oMucJiy, CTeaHe? HkO BtTphl rOHHUJH? Mjih ki> MopcKOH nyHHH-fe nyrb HaxoweHHH bha^th xomeniH? Hjih BbicoKonapHa opjia creaH cwHTaeniH? HiecTOKO th ecTt np0THB0 powHa ctohth! Ame 6ory no Haci>, TU JIH Ha Haci>? Orb cero we HB-fc TBoero 6esyMHH o6jiH4eHMe, hko npu ceó-fc h npu CBOeMi CTOflHHH bchkhmh cbohmh pa3HUMH 3aMhmuieH[b]MH144 BeJiHKaro rpajia ílCKOBa He B3HJ1T. eCH l "l HtiH-fe we no CBOeMl yHHMHWeHHOMl H BeJlHKOCpaMHOMl OTineCTBHH on. IlcKOBa, rpafla IlCKOBa xojiony CBoeMy bshth bcjihuih! Oc.ie 1 4 ' rJiynocTH 1 Ocjie 6eayMHH 1 rnaBa HoraMi 6ecfeAyen>! TocnoAHHi necTb pa6y CBoeMy OTflaerb! Ame npewe tboh KOTopun BoeBoaa nocjiam to6oio no«i KOTopufl rpa^i, h no noBejriiHHfo CBoero rocynapH Hcnpa&neHHe He yHHHHTb, hhmto we AHBHO e d b . Ame jih caMi> rocyAapb, He HcnpaBfl, xojiony HcnpaBHTH BeJiHTb, CeaiecTHO ecTb ce h o n . npocTtixi, He tokmo orb HaiaJibHuxi. Ante 61 h caitrb HcnpaBHJii ecu? Ho 4T0 we CH XBaJIHIUH B0 SJIoCt CHjlfblHi 6e33aKOHHH? He CBoeio chjioio OAOJrbBaeuiH Hact, ho 3a cboh rptxH CMHpneMCH 1 Tjiarojierb 60 Tlucanue O nAnnenuu HepyccutuMaX Thtomt. T, uapeirb p«MCkhmt>: ne Tuma 60 JUOÓH 6on, HO EpycaAUMt Kaann. T u we noxBajiHJi ch ecH no Kcwua pasopHTH qapcTBO x p H C T H H H C K o e . Kaxo CMt;n> ecu cbohmt. nepaocTHUMi hsukomi Tawoe noxBaJieHHe Haptnui ? XpHCTHHHCKoe qapCTBO pasopHTH? Hjih npeaTena ecH OHaro npeaiHBjiHeMaro OTCTynHHKa? 1 p y x y gen. du. : p y K a . 1 TpoHua gen. sg. ' npaBHWBMi . . . HMI dat. abs. (temp.). ' erne rel. pron. re/. uaptcTBO. ' lioGopame imp/. 3 sg. : noCopaTH = noOapaTH. • BHCJIJIHHCKBH = JIHIIMIRHACKHH. ' 3J1&R sell. A'&na. • CBOH BOH acc. pi. ' npHeMme p. a. p. (adv.) : 11 n o c r u r u i y . . . r o c y n a p i o dat. abs. npHHTH. nocTBriny p. a. p., dat. sg. : nocTHrHyTH. (temp.). 11 nyTH . . . HamraaiomycH dat. abs. (temp.). 11 CoropoaHua gen. sg. " aaaMeHaBiiiHCH p. a. p. (adv.) : 3HaMeHaTHCH. " OTB'&iiiaBiaHCfl p. a. p. (adv.) : oTB'bmaTHCH. " npHHMauie imp/. 3 sg.: npHHMaTH. " Hcxomnauia tncorr. instead of H c x o w i i a x y imp/. 3 pi. : HCXOAHTH. nOKJiOHHmacH aor. 3 pi.: noKJioHHTHCH. " BoopymamacH incorr. instead of B o o p y m a x y c n impf. 3 pi.: BOOpymaTHCH. " cOBtTy . . . coTBOpiuycn dat. abs. (temp.). 11 yMHJiocTHBiny . . .

296

Historiography

CH . . . r o c y n a p » dal. abt. (caut.). " wiByinan pr. a. p., acc. pi. " Dpenaae aor. 3 tg. : npeJUTB. " OTBene aor. 3 tg. : OTBCCTS. •* Hcnymaiome, . . . Boacunanuie pr. a. p. (adv.) : HcnymaTB, BOBCHJiaTB. " TOBapauiu inttr. pi. : TOBapmub. " DOMMCJIU inttr. p i . : noMbicjii. " pycKOMy . . . rocyflapio . . . TBOpnmy dat. aba. (lemp.). " aocrarniy . . . eMy dat. aba. (temp.). " Cory . . . DonycTmBnry dot. at>«. (cat«.). " rpajiu inttr. pi. : rpirn,. •• aajiBHnia aor. 3 pi. : BBJIBHTB. " y m e c a r o dat. pi. : y x o . " cJiOBecu inttr. pi. : CJIOBO. " oTxaaa aor. 3 tg. : OTKaaan. " MHororopnejiBBan (tcil. CJiosa). " npBHTi aor. 3 tg. : npHHTH. " HapurHy aor. 3 tg. : BapurHyTB. " OTnyiuaioute p. a. p. (adv.) : OTnyiuaTB. 44 BOH ins(r. pi. 41 aaMbiu u 44 CJIU inttr. pi. : aajiucjrb. BJiaAMirfe dal. tg. : BJiaAuxa. ewe art. re/. JIKWH. Hpajiio . . . 44 nauia acc. pi. 44 ipjioB'feKH jjHTOBCKOMy . . . npamenmy, . . . npBBeamy dal. abt. (temp.). inttr. pi. 41 npenafle aor. 3 tg. : npejWTH. 44 CH eMy BoaBpaTBBQiy, . . . pacnycTHBiuy dat. at«. 44 naHbHMH inetr. pi. : naHbH nam. pi. : nani>. 44 cjioaecu mslr. pi. : CJIOBO. (temp.). 41 ncu injlr. pi. : nbci.. u rocyflapio . . . 41 nepTBOTpynoTM inttr. pi. : MepTB0Tpyn0Ta. 44 BpeMeHH . . . apHcn-feBaiomy dat. abt. (temp.). 44 nocry CjiumaBiuy dal. abt. (temp.). 44 ceuy . . . HHHSIO . . . npHtxaBUieMy dat. abt. (temp ). npaxoafliny dal. abt. (temp.). " KOJIH44 K0T0pue gen. tg. : KOTopan. 44 yHp-hnjieHHH inttr. pi. : yxp'tn-kny dal. tg. : KOJIHKI. njieBBe.

44

KOJIHIRFC o c a j r h K P T N I R T dat. tg.

41

BCHKHH K p t n o c r H gen. tg.

44

nuamsHCH . . . BC6IIT> np0B3B0Jifli0iiiBMi> dat. abt.

44

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i n t t r . pi.

— Ha 44

+ Hb acc. tg. : O H I .

44

B c e e T o e c J i y m O u gen. tg.

44

AOMUCJIU i n s i r . pi. : AOMUCJII. 44

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44

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yieHHH,

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HAMA

aor.

14 TOBapHuiu 3 tg. : HaiaTH. " cJiOBecu inttr. pi. : CJIOBO. " ofi-fcTbi irutr. pi. : oC-bn. 14 HacTOHiueMy . . . BpeMHHH dat. abt. (temp.). inttr. pi. " roHQU inttr. pi. : roHbub.

cBBptncTBy npBcniiBaioiuy dot. abt. (can«.). " jiBTOBCKOxy HOPOJIIO OrenaHy . . . npHmenuiy dat. abt. (temp.). ' 4 yB'bjrbBme p. a. p. (adv.) : yB-tfl-STH. " pacKHaiue imp/. 3 pi. : 44 41 44 HejiOBtpacKBHTB. HfHJiaiiH mistake /or waJiaMB(?). CH-feflR-rb pr. 3 pi. : CH1»CTH. 44 cnace aor. 3 tg. : lecTBH nom. pi., del. : MejiOBtSbCKT.. " noMome aor. 3 tg. : DOMOWH. 44 oCp-tTniHxi p. a. p., loc. pi. : oOp*feCTH. 44 HU acc. : Hbi. c(T.)nacTB. " ero = rpana. 44 H acc. tg. : OHI. 44 HU = naMi dal. pi. 41 nomeH'frre " seMCTBH nom. pi. : aeM(b)cin.. imp. t pi. : norbHaTH. " HsdaBJiHHB pr. a. p., det. : BaOasjiHTB. " HnKOBjib adj. post. : 44 npesoaHececH aor. 2 tg. : npeBoanecTHcn. HHKOBI. " HU = Hac-b acc. pi. " npnap-B 41 paCu inttr. pi. : paOi. 44 e acc. tg. : OHO. 44 rfejiecu inttr. pi. : aor. 3 tg. : npaabp^TB. 144 s a x n t loc. tg. : u v u a . 141 BeJinuie pr. a. p. (adv.) : BejrfeTH. 141 HaneMoruiH rbJio. 144 yopaMHCR aor. 3 tg.: ycpaMBTBcn. 144 yConcH aor. 3 eg. : p. a. p., acc. pi. : BSHeMomfl. 144 nofl-Sme aor. 3 tg. : NOOTRHYTB. 144 ewe art. ret. BOBHCTBOMT> l 4 ' CTOHxycH yOoHTBcn. 144 penoxo»n> aor. I pi. : peuiH. 144 BtcTHHuu nom. pi. : BTCTHBIN.. imp/. 3 pi. : CTOHTBCH. 114 O i n x y 111 rjiacu inttr. pi. : r j i a c v impf. 3 pi. : OUTB. ' " peKoina aor. 3 pi. : peuifl. 1,4 H p t n i a e comp. : Hp'bm.HO. 1,4 npaeMnie p. a. p., nom. pi. : npHHTH. 114 ycTU instr. pi. : ycra. 1,4 CHenmecH p. a. p., nom. pi. : C(I)HHTBCH. ycrpeMBmacn aor. 3 pi. : ycTpeMBTHcn. 114 cbaOama aor. 3 pi. : CT>30HTH/CT>CT.0HTH. 114 cronxy imp/. 3 pi. : CTOHTB. " 4 yTBepflHinacH l u CHHfloma aor. 3 pi. : C(I.)HHTH. 144 raanyKB inttr. pi. : raHflyHt. aor. 3 pi. : yTBepAHTBCfl. 144 ocTaBJibUiHMcn p. a. p., dat. pi. : ocTaBBTHcn. 144 npoM' » yTaacn aor. 3 tg. : yTaBTBCH. 1,4 CKOnHCfl pr. a. p., adv. : C(T>]KOIIHTHCH. 14 ' ewe art. ref. MecH aor. 3 tg. : npoM(i>)KHyTHcfl. 144 DpBeMme, . . . ocTaBBBme, . . . oCojiHiuecH p. a. p. (adv.) : npHHTH, ocTaBHTH, weHU. 144 Homaine imp/. 3 tg. : HOCHTB. 144 rtjiecbi inttr. pi. : ofijrbuiHcfl. rtJio. 141 Houiaxy 1 , 4 HOmame incorr. irnlead of Homaxy imp/. 3 pi. : HOCHTH. 144 G t w a x y imp/. 3 pi. : HOCHTB. 144 apyrHH gen. tg. (comp.). 141 yTpywabuiHMCH p. a. p., dat. pi. : imp/. 3 pi. : OtwaTH. 144 nHTKy . . , 4 ' HpecnnH-Sxi yTpyflHTBCH. AHIO . . . npacntBaiouiy dat. abt. (temp.). = 144 JIBTOBCKBMli JIIOACMI . . . CbAHIUHM'b . . . CTP'bjIfllOmBM'b dat. abt. (CQliii.). xpacTBairfexi. 144 CHexmecH p. a. p., nom. pi. : C[IJHHTBCH. 144 aawroma aor. 3 pi. : aaweuiH. 141 aOHma = 144 HaCaTu and the following ciOHUia aor. 3 pi. : cbOBTH. BOSCBH aor. 3 tg. : BOSCHHTH. 144 aaMuoiJieH(b]MH inttr. pi. 144 BaHjii formt in the tame sentence : TpyCbi, opywHB inttr. pi. 144 ocjie voc. sg. : ocbJii. ecH periphr. p. : B[I]SHJII p. a. p. + ecB pr. 2 tg. : OUTH.

» 1577. *> Ivan I V the Terrible. « Prince I v a n (1554-82) was killed by his father. d Prince F'odor succeeded his father to the throne (1584-98). « Livonia, a part of the Baltic dominion of the German Order of the Knights of the Cross. t The Cave Monastery not far from Pskov. 8 Antonlus, Metropolitan of Moscow and Russia.

The Book of Degrees of the Imperial

Genealogy

297

h ' by t h e 1

The Trinity Cathedral In t h e Kremlin in Pskov. Vsevolod (Gavrlil), Prince of Novgorod (l 117-37), died in Pskov and was soon canonized church. Kurland, a part of t h e dominion of the Knights of t h e Sword. k Stefan Batory, King of t h e united Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania (1576-86). 1 Prince Andre] KurbsklJ (1528-83), a former Muscovite general and one of Ivan the Terrible's bitter enemies, from 1563 a political emigré In Lithuania. m Stefan Batory was a Catholic, not a Lutheran. » Polock had been conquered by Ivan IV In 1563, but Stefan Batory regained it In 1580. o 1580. P The fortress of Velikije Lukl was taken by Stefan Batory In 1580. 4 1581 (actually 1580). r Obotur, Batory's surname in Russian. • The Swine Tower in the Kremlin in Pskov, at which Batory directed his first attack, t The Tower of the Virgin's Intercession was the site of t h e second attack. u Tamerlane, or Timur-Lenk (Turkish Tlmur-Aksad - " t h e limp Tlmur"), the Mongol conqueror (1336-1405), attacked southern Russia in 1375, but did not reach Muscovla. In order t o encourage Moscow, he permitted t h e Virgin's Icon to be transferred from Vladimir. v Prince Dovmont, a Lithuanian, elected Prince of Pskov (1266-1300), was one of the famous defenders of Pskov against all aggression and popular among its citizenry. w NikolaJ Salos, a " F o o l In Christ," who In 1570 succeeded in thwarting Ivan the Terrible's plan to devastate Pskov. * The famous work of Josephus Flavius, a Jewish historian (37-100). 7 Titus Vespaslanus, Roman emperor (79-81).

T H E BOOK OF D E G R E E S OF THE I M P E R I A L GENEALOGY The glorification of the Muscovite tsars and their dynasty—from its first Christian representatives, Princess Olga and Prince Vladimir I, to Tsar Ivan the Terrible of Muscovia—reached its culmination in the voluminous Book of Degrees of the Imperial Genelaogy, initiated by Macarius and composed by his friend and successor, the imperial confessor Athanasius. The work was finished ca. 1563. It was the most flowery expression of the pompous Macarian style, rhetoric and verbosity, and highly panegyrical in its evaluation of the individual princes and tsars, each of whom was portrayed in carefully polished essays. The compositional principle underlying the entire work was the concept of a genealogical ladder, in which each numbered rung represents one generation and which in its entirety leads to God. It must be assumed that the fourteenth-century Panegyrical Biographies of Serbian Kings and Archbishops—known as The Book of Tsars (Carostavnik) and also as The Book of Generations (Rodoslov)—by the Serbian archbishop Danilo provided the original idea for the Muscovite work. The concept of Moscow's great mission as the center of Christian orthodoxy is here developed to its highest degree. The chapters here presented are selected from P. G.Vasenko, Kmira creneHHafl uapcKoro po«o&noBHH (St. Petersburg, 1908-1913), in riojiHoe coGpamie pyccKHx jieTOnHcett, Vol. XXI.

298

Historiography

Khhts

OreneHHa«

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h bt> TeMHaaxt h Bi

The Book of Degrees of the Imperial

299

Genealogy

H»AHHH w e noB-fecTH, m w e ejiHKO B o a n o r o x o m 1 * o r o a c r H • a o o f i p ' b c r a , H CHH BT> KHHYFE" CEH CTeneH[B]MH p a s i n a e H U cyn> • rpaabMH O&IRBJIEHU H RNABAIIH CT. T U T J I a i m C K a a y e M H ; HMHWE BOSMOWHO BCHKy noB-fecTb, BT> KHHB%

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302

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304

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The Book of Degrees of the Imperial

Genealogy

305

XpHCTOJIBÓHBaH BeJIHKaH KHflTHHH Co$bfl, OTb B6J1HKHH B-fepu • OTb cepAeibHaro weJiaHHH, no 6jiarony coB-femaHHB CjiaroneeniBaro ch cynpyra, caMOAepmaBHaro BeuHuaro khhsh HBaHa BacHJibeBHia Bcen PycHH, TpyAOJiw6HBO noTbmacH irfcma mecTBOBaTH Mockbu bt. npeHxeHiiTyio BeJiHKy» o6HTeJU> npecBHTbiH h >KHBOuaHHKa, npenoAoCHaro Mi0fl0TB0pbua CeprHH, riOMOJiHTHCfi o naflopoAHH chhobt.. M^ym« me e H " , h aoHfle MOHacTupbCKaro cena, KjietteHTHeBa 30B0Ma. Orryfly me hcxoauuih en** bo yaojib, nme 6jih3t> caMUH oGhtcjih , h BHeaany aprn-b owHB"fecTb bo crp-feTeuHe rpasyma CBHmeHHOJrferrbHa HHOKa, ero[me] nosRa no oCpaay Cura npenoAoCHaro MwjOTBopbqa CeprHH 88, HMyma b i pyiffe OTpoqa MJiaAO, Mymecifb nojrb, eróme HanpacHO BBepme" bt. H-fe«pa BeJiHKOH KHHrHirb, h a6ne hcbhAhmt. 6bicTb. ÜHa me on. TaKOBa HeoOuMbHa bha^hhh BOCTpeneTa h HaMan." H3HeMoraTH h ki> 3eMJiH npeKJiaHHTHCH. CyiUMH me c i He» meHM BejibMOWbckhh pyKaMa noAAepmaiua n h cami BeJibMii ymacomacH", HeB-fcAymH, qbTO cJiyiHcn eH. OHa me, cbffniH h pyKaMa bt> naaycfe" CBoen «ma BBepmeHaro eu OTpoiaTH, ero He onyrTH. M a6ne ypaayMi noefemeHHio 6uth BejiHKaro noAOToopbua CeprHH, h yKp-fenHCH Ha H 0 3 Í " cboh, h 6jiar0Hówe>«bH0 h aspaBo npHHae bt. MOHacrupb, h noBOJibHO MOJiHTBOBa, h irbn[b]60H0CHbiH Mon^H npenoAo6Haro CeprHH jiK>6eaHO i^bjiOBa, yMHJibHO npana^an kt. wecrirbH paitfb" ero, Haflemy hmíh noJiyHHTH, eróme npouiaine" 0 ; h Cparaio jnoCoiecTHUMH CpauibHu1*1 ynpeflH, h ct. panocTHio BoaBpaTHCH, OTHmnyme npHHAe. H OTb Toro moaecHaro BpeHeHH aaiaTCH 1 " bo wpeB-fe en CoronapoBaHHUH HacjrfeflHHKi PycbCKomy LJapcTBH». ÜOHOÓHy BpeiteHH AOCTHnny 1 ", h poflHCH CjiaroHajjembHUH cuHb, bgjihkhh KHH3b BacHJiHH raBpHJib, bt> jiíto 6986 bb, M-fecaua MapTa B-b 25, b i casiuH npaaAHHKi» BjiarortmeHHH npecBHTUH CoropoAHi(bi, bi> 1 nací hoihh, irfecHua me anpnjiH, bi HeffbJiio UB-feTOHOCHyio«, h CBHTbiMi. Kpen npocs-fcmeHb CucTb bi> uepKBH oCHTeJiH Cbhthh TponijeJl y MWflOTBopHBMXT. Monten npenoAOÓHaro moAOTBopbija CeprHH, o Hem>ma flOBJi-feerb 6mth 0C06bH0My CKaaaHHio. Chh me noa-fecTb HBJieHa Cnme 1 " MHTponoJiKTOMi. HoacatJtOMi kk Bcen PycHH, eme oht. equina o n ycrb caworo BeJiHKoro khh3h BacHJiHH HBaHOBHwa, Bcen PycHH caMOAepimbua. ITotomi me po^HinacH HMb h npoqan ctiHOBe h «bmepH.

* O ÓJiaeopodHOMb u óoeoenHbHOHHOMT, i+aprb u eocydapib, teAUKOMto KH/t3fb HtCiHTb BaCU-\beeUHTbü, 9CeH Pycuu CaModepMCblftb, eeoMce nase Hadeotcdauspacmu MOAumeencm doópoma coópamejut omevecmey1'* H m e 1 " Bb TpoHuu npocJiaBJiHeMUH rocnoab Hncycb Xphctoct. , hcthhhwh 6on> uarni, coa^Teiib h cnaci. Bcero MHpa, BHAHMaro h HeBHAHMaro, eAHHi 10 cHJibHUH, eflHHi. AepmaBHbiH, eflHHi. MeJi0B-feK0JiK)6eijb, npeme b í k i cuh ' co OTbUeMb H CO CBflTbIMb AyXOMl, Be3A^ CblH H BCH HCnOJlHHH, OTb HeSlJTHH BT. 6uTHe npHBeAMH10* BCHMecKan, h npefl-fe^u H3UKOMT. nojiomu no MHCJiy aHrenb COKHHXb, OTb B^Ka H A BÍKa BCH CTpOH Ha nOJIb3y MenOBiHeCKOMy poay, HMbme BCHKa BJiacTb h bchko Hanaao h AepmaBa i^apcTBHH yiHHeHa cyTb 110 . Toro me paun BepxoBHtiH anocrojib rietpb noBeJitBaerb noBHHOBaTHCH

306

Historiography

Befen!. HeJiortHOMi uapio HKO npeoCjia^aiony, ame JIH KHnaeMi», no&naHHuin» OTT> Hero BO o6meHHe 3Jio;rfceMT>, B I noxBajiy me MOÓpoflteMT,, H naKH rjiaroJien>: »Eoea óoumecu, ifapa tbmume!T Tano me HsSpaHHbiH 6O>KHH cocyjn,, ü a B e J i i an0CT0Jii> r u a r o j i e n : »MOAK> y6o npeitce cao MOAumei* msopumu u llí MOMHUA u ÓAaiodapeHun u npomenux aa ifapx u aa ecn, uotce so ejtaemu cyufuxb, noneace mn>MU cnacenue omi nanauia anude ei MUpi; HKO da u MU gt>

tfapcKOMb uxb ÓAazodeHbcmsuu muxo u óeaMxmeMCbHo oteumue noMcuaeMb ao acxxoMi ÓAazoatbpuu u Hucmomib.* M6o cann. roenojb yHHn. HU, rjiarojin: *BCH, ejiuKa, atife MOAxufecu, npocume, erbpyume, HKO npueMjieme, u óydemt eaM-b.t H anocTony HaKOBy r j i a r o j u o m y 1 1 ' : >MHOZO 6O MOMcemi MOAumea npa-

aednato nocnn>mecmayeMallt .*

MonHTBa 6o ecTb óomwe TOMJieHHe ójiaroHecTHO, MOJiHTBa — HeJiOB"feKOMT> KT. 6ory COeAHHeHHe, MOJiHTBa — cKop6eMi cpeflocrtHHe, HOJiHTBa — flapoBaHHeMi. x o A a r a H u a , MOJiHTBa — nenaJieMT. paap-femeHHe, MOJiHTBa — OjiaroHaaewHoe Becejine. Cnue H MOJiHTBeHSH aoGpoTa paaBepae 1 1 ' uapcKoe Heiuioaxe caMo«epwbua BacHJiHH HBaHOBMia, H poflucn eMy CUHT. H HacJi'feAHHKi. uapcTBHio, CHH CBHTOnOMasaHHUH uapb H BejIHKHH KHH3b, CJiaflHaHUiee HMH UBaH-b, rocyaapb h caMOfleprneui Bcen PVCHH, h HHUMI MHOrHMi H3UKOMI> H uapcTBbeMi. oflOJTfeTeJib, H»te 6bierb o n cBHTaro nepBaro BjiaflHMepa ceAbMH Ha «ecHTb cTeneHb, OTT> PwpHKa me flBaaecHTbiH. PORH me CH BT> jrfcTO 7 0 3 9 m m , M"fecHi;a aBrycTa 2 5 . H y6o npeme pomeHHH ero 3a 24 jitTa npopene o H Í M I HtKOTOpbiH HHOKl CBHTb, HMeHeftfb PajiaXTHOHT., O HeMime FIHCaHO BT> H K H a t 1 1 ' CeH BT> rnecTOH HA «ecHTb cTeneHH BO BTOPOH HA necHTb RJIABT. E r n a me aanaTCH BO qpeB-fc MaTepHH, H HKO 6ucTb 6JIH3T> pomeHHH, H Torna 6orojiK)6HBan M a ™ ero, BeJiHKan KHHTHHH BocnpocH Hinoero Myma »poflHBa, HMeHeMt ^OMeHbTitH, rjiarojm: »HbTO HMaM*b pOSHTH?« OHT> m e , HKO ypoacTByn, r j i a r o n a i u e :

»THTT>, IUHpOKHH yMT>.« OHa me cyry6o y 6ora npouiauie 1 1 * He norp-fcuiHTH H a a e m a a 1 1 ' . Ilpemne me HCBHTH »bHHH powaeHHH ero, BT> caMbiii npaanHHKT. ycneHHH npecBHTUH GoropoAHua, cjiymau;HMi> HepeoMi 1 1 * 6omecTBeHyio JiHTyprHio, Hme Toraa HH eflHHi OTT> HHXT. HHKaKo me B-feflHxy 11 ', HKO uapnua BO HpeBt Hotuauie OTpOHa, H no H3pHflH0Ml ITOMHHOBeHUH IipeCBHTblH ÓOrOpOAHUa110, OCblMbHblH MOJIHTBU rnarojiaxy o XPHCTOJIIO6HBOMT. caMOAepmbU'fe BacnnHH [H] O uapnij-FE ero. H noBCWAy we Tor«a npHJiaraxy, eme Ilodamu umü nAod* npeea. EAHHT. me OTl CJiymaniHXi T y , eme 6bi peiHH eMy: Ilodamu uMa nAofrb tpeaa, H BM-fecTO Toro BHe3any, HKO CHOMT. o6bHTT>, pene: »M o CjiaropoAHOMT. n a a t HXT. .« Tano H Ha n p o i H x i c ^ y m a i u H X i rnHAHiiie, XOTH BoenpocHTH h x i O HMeHH u a p e n a r o OTponaTH. H a6He BOCTpeneTa, pene, eme nodamu eMy riAodt ipeea. H yAHBHCH o He06hiMbH0MT> b i ceS'fc peneHHii, eróme HHnaKO me noB'feAame. H no M a J i t x i . « b H t x i ycniiuiacH noBciofly uapbCKaro OTponaTH p o m n e m i e , H BCH jiiosne B03pafl0BauiacH. ílponee me o MHoronpuji'fembHbix'b KT. 6 o r y MOJiHTBaxi CAMOAEPMBITA H O npecJiaBHOMi pomneHHH 6oroMT. flapOBaHHaro

The Book of Degrees of the Imperial

Genealogy

307

eMy

c u H a , c e r o ö o r o r t H i e H H a r o itapH H a a n a , HBJieHO ecn> bt> khrt^ c e n , bt> inecTOH Ha n e c f m . creneHH, bo rnaB-fc ABaAecHTb BTopoH. XpHCTOJi»6iiBOMy w e c a i i o n e p w b a y BacHJiHio, bo M H O s i " 1 6jiaronapeHHH h 6jiaroAeHbCTBHH o n seMbBaro aapcTBHH bt> HeCecHoe npeM-feHHBmycH 1 ", 60r0ffap0BaBH0uy w e Cbwy e r o , a a p » , BeJiHKOMy khh3k> HBaHy Tor^a w e eme wHy cywy"* BOspacTOMi, h k o Tpeio jrfen. h Tpeio M-fecsin., h 6biCTb HacjrfejmHKT. OTbMecKaro cKHncTpoAepwaHHH, öoroMT. yTBepweHHaro eMy uapcTBHH Been PycMH. Ct> hhmt. w e AepwaBCTBOBa Tor^a xpHCTOJiK>6HBaH MaTH e r o , BeJiHKan kbathhu E j i e H a D n , u a H n a i e w e c a w i BcecmibHHH 6on>, CBoe» KptnbHoio necbHHqeio Bcerjia h BCK>Ay HacTaBJWH e r o , hko b i ApeBHHxi nOB-fccTexi i m m e T b , i x t e : TOKO nui aa ZAaeoAemt eocnodb : >An eozdeuzoTb1 * * mn if apx npaedom u npuaxh1'1 pyicy decnyio u yicprbnuxi1" nut, da nocAyuiaiomi me6e xauifu"7. M Kprbnocmb itapeMb paadpytuyomaopto mu deepu, u epadu ne 3ameopxmcn. An npedb moöoio noudy, u zopu nopaenaio, u deepu MTbdnbix coKpytuy, u aameopu MctAtbaNTU

CAOMAIO.«

H

TaKO ceMy, 6jiaroBo.neHHeMT> 6owhhmi>, öoroaapoBaHHOMy r o c y n a p i o HauieMy, HaneHbiuy aepwaBCTBOBaTH, h Torna cob^tomi 6ohpckhmt> noHMam. 6ucTb 6pan> BeJiHKaro k r h 3 H BacHJiHH, Kunab lOpbH HBaHOBHMb ßbMirrpoBchhh 0 0 : C o n x y 1 , 0 6o ch, erfla Ka«o JiioflHe k i HeMy oßpaTHTCfl h BKyrrfe ct. hhmi h*I>khh MHTewb coTBopHTi Ha lOHOuibCTBO rocyAapcKoe. H nocaflHina e r o bi> nojiaTy Ha MocKB-fe, B i Henwe npeßucTb Tpn jrfcTa h npecraBHcn. IIOTOMT. w e o r b MHoraro CMymeHHH a j i u x i JirojieH Hanafle 1 * 1 CTpaxi Ha KHH3H AHflpen HßaHOBHia OapHUbKaroPP: yöOHCH k t . M o c K B i h t h , n o B e p w e 1 " r p a j y j cboh [h] n o G t w e 1 " k i BeJiHKOMy H o B y r p a n y . BenHKHH me KH«ab 1 n o c n a KHH3H HHKHTy BacHJibeBHMa OßojieHcnaro q« ko BjiaAbinrfe ** h kt. HairfeCTHHKOirb Ha öpeweHbe. Khhbio w e HBaHy eAopoBHiy OBqHfffe" noB&jrfe coCpaTHCH ci> jiioflbMH h noHTH sa KHHaeifb AHApeeMi. Oht. w e flomeffb khhsh AHffpen b i Tioxajrfe, h cbohmt. np0H3B0JieHHeMT> najii npaBfly khhbio AHApen h npHHAe ct. hhmi> Ha MocKBy. H noHMaHi. CbicTb KHHBb h n o c a w e H i bt. n o j i a T y , bo BTopoe w e Ji-feTO h npecTaBHCH. Cuht> w e e r o , KHH3b B j i a f l m n e p i , h MaTH 5 e r o , KHflTHHH ElfipOCHHHH, 3a CTpaWb60K> CtflflUia" Tpn j i feTa h no.n.MeTBepTa vtcflua. IIo yMOJieHHK) w e Hoacaijta, MHTponoJiHTa Been PycHH, BeJiHKHH KHnsb noKaaa Ha hhxt. MHjiocTb cboio "«: bch oTbMecKHfl rpa^bi flapoBa eMy h MHorHMi HMtHHeMT. HaooöHJioBa e r o . H c a i j e y 6 o Tor^a chmt. qapcKHMi. n^TeMT. cJiy^ncH whthk) KOHeub BOcnpHHTH, 6 o r y Ta«o n o n y c T H B i n y 1 " , hko w e caMi enHHT. B-fecTb, cyflbßaMH cbohmh, H w e 1 " bch Ha nojibsy erpoHH 1 '* weJioB-tKOMT.: obo y 6 o , Hwe H*feHbTO, hko MeJiOBtqu, c o r p t m H r a a , h o r b TaKOBbixi chmh CKopCbMH xoth hxt. omhcthth rocnoAb, obo w e yTBepwaH 6on> C0BepmeH0 h Hen0K0JieÖJieMO aapcTBO o n . iohocth caMOjiepwaBHOMy r o c y n a p i o .

M TaKO eMy no OTbqu uapcTBywioy ct. Mynpoio MaTepaio CBoeio, kt. HeMy w e Tor^a n p H x o w a x y 1 4 0 o r b MHornxi» crpam., o n q a p e a h o r b K p a j i e « , nocjibi nosApaBHTH ero na rocynapbCTBt: H3T. KptiMy h hbt. L ( a p n r p a A a , TaKO w e h Hei KaaaHH, h h3t> JIhtbu, h hsi HoraH, h n a i H-feMeqbKHxi aeMenb, H H3l BOJIOXI., H OTT. HHblXl CTpaHT. OTb BCfexT.; SApaBCTBOBaXy eMy Ha OTbqecKOMb e r o uapcTBHH. bch TorAa kt. HeMy bi> S p a T C T B O h bo eAHHOHa MHOran HionoTBopeRHH hkohij cbhtuh BeJiHKOMyMGHHUU BapBapu: cjrfenHH npo3HpaxyM> h rny1 chh " cjiHiuaxy, h^mhh nporJiaroJiaxy h bchkhmh 6ojrfe3HbMH OAepwHMH hci^jiernie npHMaxy; TaKO we h n0T0»n>, ct> B-fepow npHxoAume bi hccthuh xpaui en, Hwe 6mue y BejiHKaro Topry H IlaHbCKaro flBopa. Tor^a we B0eB0AiJ BejiHKaro khh3h: kuh3b CeMHOHi IIyHKOBi>tt aa KHH3b HBaHi. TaTbu» Ha ripoirfc MHorwxi TaTapi noG'feAHiua, wkbuxi we nHTb^ecHTb h Tpw pynaMH nuia 1 " [h] kt> BeJiHKOMy KHH3K» Ha MocKBy npHCJiauia... orb

EnaroB-fepnaH w e BeJiHKan khhthhh EjieHa no npecTaBJieHHH c y n p y r a CBoero, BejiHKaro khh3h BacnjibH HBaHOBHia Been Pvchh, AepwaBCTBOBa BCfeMl POCHHCKHMT. IJapCTBHeMl» C I CbIHOMT> CBOHMl, BeJlHKHMt KHH3eMl PlBahomi> BacHjibeBHqeMt, n e n j p e jrfeTa m MeTiipe M t c e u u h kt> 6ory 0TH«e bt. jrfeTO 7 0 4 6 M i c H u a anpnjiH bt> 3, bt> c p e a y iihtuh HeA'feJiH BejiHKaro nocTa, h nonoweHa CucTb bt. ijepKBH XpncTOBa BosHeceHHH b i MOHacTupH»* BHyTpu r p a ^ a Mockbu, HA'fewe Jiewarb nponue BeJiHKHe khhtkhh. CbiHy w e e f l , BeJiHKOMy khhsk> MBaHy BaCHJibeBHiy Been PycHH, MJiaAy o c T a B i n y c H 1 " Ha oTbiecKOMi qapcTBHH, ocMOMy 1 " jrfeTy Torna H a c T a B i u y o t i powAeiiHH e r o , h Tor^a r p t x i paavi HauiHXT» 6oroHanewHHH 6ojmpe BejiHKaro KHH3H H npOHHH BejIbMOWH , HKO CjiarOnOJlyibHO H CaMOBJiaCTHO BpeMH ce6"b y j l y f HBUie, H H3BOJIHllia COSpaTH ce6*fe MHOWeCTBO HM'feHHH. M TaKO BpaWHHMl» HaB'feTOMi h, BM'fecTO e w e 1 " hioChth HCKpeHe [CnHWHaro] hko ce6e, bt> HeHaBHCTb yKJIOHHUiaCH: KHHWAO C e 6 t paajIHMbHblX-b H BblCOiaHIUHX-b CaHOB-b w e j i a x y 1 " , hhhh w e n o j i y w a x y 1 ' 0 , o 6 a i e na Mano BpeMH. H Ha'ia bt> hhxt, 6uth caMOJiwCHe, h HenpaB^a, h wenaHHe Ha BocxHiueHHe t y w a r o HM'feHHH. M bo3«BH^oma 1 , 1 Beji[n]io KpaMOJiy Mewny ce6e, h BJiacTOJiioSHH paAH n p y n . A p y r a KOBapcTBOBaxy 1 ", h He tokmo bt> aaToneHHe n o c u j i a x y , hjih bt. TeMbHHuaxi aaTBopHxy h yaaMH o S j i a r a x y , ho h caMOH CMepTH n p e a a B a x y , H a B U K i u e 1 " r0cn0A0y6HHCTBeHH0My coB-feTy, hko w e Buuie peieHO CwcTb o aapbCKHxi OTpacjrfexi, o KHH3t lOpbH h A H « p e t HBaHOBHHexi. TaKO w e h Ha cbohxi ApyroBi. BOCTawme, h aomu h cejia hxt. c e O t npHTHwaiye 1 ' 4 , h conpoBHiua CBOfl HanojiHHiua HenpaBeflHaro 6oraTbCTBa. He tokmo w e MewAy co6ow cue c o f f f e B a x y 1 " , ho h BeJiHKOMy xpHCT0n0A06H0My HHHy apxHepencKy npeBucoMaHiuaro CBHTHTeJibCTsa npHpaaHiuacH 1 " cboh p a n « MewyycoSHUH KpaMOJiu: MHTponojiHTa J(aHHJia ct> mhtpoiiojihh c p e A O i u a 1 " bo Hoch$obi> M o H a c T u p b " , bt> Hero w e m^cto nocTaBJieHi CucTb na MHTponojinio Hoaca(fn.yy, HryMem. CeprneBa M o H a c T b i p n n o Tpnexi w e Jitrfexi h toh H3rHam> CucTb o r b npeCTOJia CBoero h bi Khphjiobi MoHacTbipb A noc-naHi 6ucTb, h o r r y A y w e B*b C e p r n e B i Monacrbipb. H GbicTb npecTOJiy Pochhckhh Mhtpoiiojihh npneMhhkt. ahbhuh bo CBHTHTeJiexi> ManapHe®, apxHenHCKoni BejiHKaro H o B a r p a a a h ribCKOBa. H hko w e n p e w e c e r o , TaKO h no chxi, MHora 6«uie MewAyyco6Han KpaMOJia bt> CoJiHpexi h HecuTHOe Mb3AOHMbCTBO, Aawe h ao caMaro B03pacTa BejiHKaro KHH3H, AOHAeWe BeJIHKHH KHHSb UapbCKHMl B%HbUeMl B%HbHaCH pyKoio Toro w e npeocBHmeHHaro ManapHH, MHTponojiHTa Been P y c H H c . Bnyn-fe w e aaKOHHOMy 6pa«y coMeTacH1": H36pa ce6-fe no CBoeMy ijapcKOMy SoroMynpyio i;apni;y AHacTacnio, « t i u e p b PoMaHOBy lOpbeBHHa 3 a x a p b H H a D , o n . Henwe poaHiuacH eMy Tpa cuhu: JJbMirrpHH, MBaHi>, O e a o p t h TpH AT>mepH. ilpoMee w e peneTca bt> CTeneHH cen bt> rnaB'fe.

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The Book of Degrees of the Imperial Genealogy

309

TepnflH 1 " o Hamiix-b corp-fcmeHHHXT., ommafl Harnero noKaHHHH, • Be xoth KOHeibHOH naryC-fc npeaaTH Hacb, hko na npecTaHem» o n &no6bi h He ynoBaeMi Ha HenpaBe^Hoe OoraTCTBO, ewe BCKop'fe MHHyeTCH, mhjiocthbho Ha«aaaTH Haci xothh1'1, — 6on> r nonyCTH BenpaBeAHOiiy 6oran>CTBy ornen!. HCTpeGHTHCHE. B i Tome jrfcTO, M-fecHua anpHJiH 12, Ha cbítjtoh Hefffejrfe bo BTopHHm., rp-fexi. pa^n HauiHXb, bo r p a a i MocKB"fe aaroptcn BeJiHKHH T o p n > F , II MHOn TOBapl n o r o p t , H MHOrHfl CBHTHH UepKBH H ABOpOBl lfHOmeCTBO H HM-feHHH 6e34HCJieHO HcneneJiacH, h bt» HOB-femueMi. rpafl-fc MocKB-fe Mana iacTb H36ucTbl" on> orHH. H riOTOMt, bo ocbiuiH «eHb, aaroptcn 3a fly30H° Ha B0JIBaH0BKt fl H DHH3T. D O MoCKB-fc p-fefrfe, H ABOpU KOHCeBHHKOBU H roHbHapu norop-fema. riofljrfe me Hyay h flo ycTbH Mockbh ptKH B u r o p t , h y Cnaca B-b MHracoBfc HOHacTupb1 norop-fc, h bt. uepKBH Bce Bbiropi, h moAbHaH noAnacb h B e p x i qepKOBHUH o n . orHH naflecH 1 ". Toro me n t T a , hiohh bi 21, nonycni 6on> 6uth a-fcjibH-fcHiiieiáy nomapy J , HeMiwe OTKpoBeHO 1 " 6ucTb npeme e«HHaro «bHH npen0A06H0My Bachjihk) , XpHCTa paAH ypo«HBOMy K , HaroxOAbUy h caMOBOJibH-fe 06HameHH0My rfcjiecHaro oaíhhhh. He HKrfcflme 6o Ha r t j i e c H CBoem» hh eARHaro py6nma h CTbwfeHHH He HMyme, hko me nepB03AaHHHH npeme npecTynJieHHH, AyiueBHO» me Ao6poT0K> HeH3peieHH0 OA-feHHHy eMy h cyryCo npeyKpaineHHOMy 1 ", i w e MHora JiiiTa BeJiHKHH noABHrn notaran h MHoro 6ojrfc3HeHbiH HywflH npeTepn-feBan, CHue npexoAH c i 6e33Jio6HeMi 60r0My«p0CTH0e ypoACTSo, B03AepmaHHeMi we h HaroTOK> toma ce6e, j r b r t y 6 o cojiHeMHbiMi 3H0eMT> Haraparne1*7, sHM-fe1" me Bceraa h caMOH aeMJrfc o n . a-fejibH-fcHiuaro Hpaaa paacbAaTHCH. Oht> me KpoMt xpaMHHu npexomAaine BcioAy h, hko CeciuiOTeHi, HecTepnHMUH Mpasi hko TenjioTy bmíhhh, h o rfcjiecH He paAHnie, eróme hh orHb, hh Mpaai He Bpemame 1 ". Eo>khh 6o ÓJiaroAaTb rp-bnme ero. OrHH me h Mpasa CHJibHÍ>HuiH nJioTb npaBeAHaro cero 6fliiie. H TaKOBy CjiaroAan. npnHi-b"0 o n 6ora bbjihkhxi» ^ioaoa^hhhh , hko erAa bt. Honjexi» TaHHO xornaaine no cBHTbiMi uepKBaMi Ha mojihtby , eMy we h cana uepKOBHUH BpaTa, H/rfcme npHxomAame, OTBepsaxycn 1 ' 1 ; mhosh me HHoaeMHHH rocrHe noB'feAaxy, hko CBOHMa OHHMa BHA"feuia ero no Mopio xoAfliua, hko no c y x y . Ilpoiee me o HeMi bt. Majrfe HÍHbTO HBJieHO ecTb bt. mecTOH Ha necHTb creneHH khhth cen, bo rjiaB"fe uiecTOH me Ha AeCHTb. o

l i o npeme peqeHHbixi. me n o m a p i x i chh 6nameHHiiH, hiohh 20, npnHAe bt. noJiyAHt Ha MOHacrapb Bo3ABHmeHHH necTHaro KpecTa L , H»e aoBeTCH na Ocmpoerb, h CTa npeA* uepKBH», Eme TOrAa ó u m a 1 " ApeBHHaH, huhí me nJiHHbiftflHa, ki. Henme yMHJibHO spn, yMHyio MOJiHTBy AtHCTByn, h njianacn HeyrtmbHO. JIioAHe me, BHfffeBiue ero, ahbjihxvch, He B-feAyme bhhbi nnana ero. riocjrfeAH me VB-fefli 1 ", hko njiaKame, npoBHAH xothu(hh Ha yrpHH 6uth BeJiHKHH nomapi>. Bo y T p u » me, rp'fexi pamw HauiHx-b, bo ocbMUH nacT. AbHH Tan uepKBH Bo3ABHmeHHH aaroptcH, h orryAy we pasuAecn orab Ha MHorHH y j i u u u , 6ory me TaKo nonycTHBUiy 174 , hko a6ne 6biCTb TorAa h 6ypn at^bHa, eiome bcjihkhh ApeBeca, h oa6paJia Kp-fenKHH, h xpaMU MHorHH o n caMUH aeMJIH H30 OCHOBaHHH HpOCTHO BOCTOpraxyCH, H Ha BbICOTy HKO njrtBbí paaB^feBaeMbi h BCiOAy pa3MeTaeMH. IljiaMij" 5 me atnbHaro oriiH, [hko] bcjihkhh r o p u , ao o6jiaKT> BSHMaxycH 1 ", h BcioAy hko TyHeHocHUH oSjiaKH oco6i> HomaXyCH, H Be3A^ HKO M0J1HHH paSJIHBaxyCH, H HHOrHH AOMbI H CBHTUH qepKBH H6MHJ10CTHBH0 nomuraH. M Bbirop-fe Bce 3aHerjiHHeHne M h BojibmHH IIocaAT>w

310

Historiography H BT> HOBOMT. , H Becb I J a p c K H H

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The Booh of Degrees of the Imperial

311

Genealogy

1

AeCHO nonaayH ce6e Ha Boanycrfe " CTOHO^I H MOJIHIOHCH O HacT. M> cuHy CBoeMy H KT» Cory HameMy, o n HenocToaHHaro oran aanpiniafl Harb. Torna yóo MHOSH MHora H l y a H a BHÄ%HHH BHJRFCMA, o H H X i w e H-fcwbTO BT> MART

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312

Historiogra phy

caMOffepwbua,

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1,4

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144

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111

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144

(caus.).

: npHJiaraTHCH.

144

gen. sg.

1 sg. ,4*

: HaMfiTH.

sg.

: BJiaabiKa. dat. abs.

aor.

: yKp1»nHTH.

1 sg.

e M y . . . n a p c T B y i o m y dat.

i m p / . 3 pi.

BacHJiB»

144

n o B e p w e a o r . 3 tg.

144

dat.

: npocHTH.

B t f l H X V i m p / . 3 pi.

114

B03ABHr0XT>

y K p t n H x i aor.

fluut

(temp.).

Hai a n .

aor.

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ecMb.

: BejiHKaH.

Hsyma

44

He

npHXOflHH

tg.

a. p.,

41

paaapyuiflTb 44

= "

B p e M e H B a o c T H r u i y dat.

144

a w e art.

pr.

CBH-

44

: HapeniH.

yBtuia

n a c y c t loc. « 8 . : n a a y x a .

41

n p o u i a u i c i m p / . 3 sg.

1,4

: Miion>.

144

nanacTH.

: BiBptuiH.

: 3a n o a [ t ] 3 y • HaxasaHHe nocayniaiomHJrB OTKyAy HanueM-b nJiaKaTH — yBU I — TOJiHxaro naneHHH npecjiaBHUH, HCHOCHHIOmHH, npeBeJIHKKH POCCHH? K o T o p u m HanajiOMi BoanBHrHeMi nyHHHy cjieai phijiaHHH Haiuero h CTOHaHHfl? O,

KOJIHKHXT, 6TAI> H ropeereH cnoflo6HJiocfl BHA'FETH OKO Haiue!

MOJIHMI nocjiyiuaioiuHX'b co BHHMaiweMi: O XpHCTOHMeHHTHH JHOAH6, CblHOBe CB^Ta, H£ma UepKOBHHH, nOpOJKfleHHHH 1 6aHeK> 6UTHH I paaBepaHTe HIOBCTBCHHUH H yMHbin c j i y x » Barna, H BKyirfe n p o c T p a H H M i o p r a H i . cjiOBecHUH, BOCTpyÖHMi B I T p y 6 y n u a i e B H y i o , KT. W H B Y M E M Y

BI

H E N P H C T Y N H T M I cB-FCRFE, KT> q a p i o ITAPCTBYIOIAHXI N

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ki

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ci>

pac-

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rocnon« cepgeui

H a u i H x i , BT. n e p c H 6HIOME H r j i a r c u i i o m e :

O x i , yBbi, rope I KaKo naaeCH* TOJIHKHH nHpn> öjiaronecTHH ? Kano paaoPHCH* SoroHacamaeHHUH BHHorpafl-b, erowe B-feTBne MHorojmcTBeHHOio CJiaBoio AO oöJiaKi. BoaHecomacH4, h rpoaßb ap-fejitiH, BctMi b i cjiajtoerb HeHcnepnaeMoe BHHO, noAaBan? KTO orb npaBOB'fepHbix'b He Bocnjiawen.? HJIH KTO pbiAaHHH He HcnojiHHTcn, BHH"feBT> naryßy H K0HeHH0e naneHHe xoJiHKaro MHoroHapoAHaro rocyflapcTBa, xpHCTHHHCKOK) B-fcpoio CBjrraro, rpe B-feerb10 BbicoTy H c j i a B y BCJIHKHH POCCHH, —

waKO B 0 3 B U C H C H , H KOJiHKT. c r p a x i 6bJCTb E e c e p M e H O M x » H r e p n t a -

HOMl H npOMHMl HSblKOMl. I l p e c j i a B H a Beuib apmyHM-b, — uepKOBb

H B*b HEN

WHBONHCAHHTIN

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HKOHU,

Ka^oJiHiecKaa KT> cevty

we

H

co6opnan CTOJUIH11

ßjiaroMecTHH, H n o ycneHHH P % K H wioAecb npaBOCJiaBHbiMi> HAJIHBAIOME .

Lament on the Occupation and Ultimale Devastation

319

Kouhkh Clima" ijapcKHH MaoroirbHBbiH nojiani, BByTpb anaTon yKpamean h mapu" aoCpouirliTym»MB ycrpoeBHl Kojirko coKpoBHn^b qioABUxi, aapcKHXi ahe^hmi» • npecB%Tjmxi. qapCKHXi. 6arpRHRm> h nop({>Hpi, h KaneHHH npenpararo, • bchkslto Cacepa MHoroi^tHBaro 6UCTI> npeHcnojiHeHO 1 KaKOBH 6uma aomh 6jiaroponHim>, ABoeKpoBHMH n TpoeKpoBHbiH, 6orarCTBOMT> H HeCTHIO KHnHiqaH 1 Cbmi npecB-feTnuifb h npeffHBHUMi rocyAapbCTBom npecJiaBHH 6unia Be^HQHH uapae14, bcjirh amaca" 6jiaropoABBB khhsh; h bo Bceiri>, — nepsHOB6HBO penpi, — TOJiHKaro yqpemAeBBH CucTb npeacnojiBeao, • CB-fcTom> h uiaBO» npeBBune1', hko BeB-bcra, aa npenpacHUH CpaKi meHHxy yroTOBaaa. • OGaie we bo o6i>nHoe MOJieHHe npirreKy: O Xpaere uapio, o cnace, h cjiobo Oonuie, h Gome, — yBul o, ol — mime h bt> aerarne npecjiaBBan rjiarojiamecn" 6owaa cjiOBa rjiaci, h BejiHKaro qapa r Gora rpage"! H BceiRcraH Corona™, nano tbor, awe" BejiBKOHMeaBniB h npecnaBHO uapbCTByioiuHH, rpafli MocKBa, ixte canon aennn oko, ame BcaneHH-fcH CBtTJi0CTb, — yBHl — yrace"? O, wecTHUH we h npeiHcniH BJiaAi>iHHi;u flamed CoroMaTepe rpafle h HacJitAHe, bi aenrbme npecjiaBHOe, nane comma canioiaee bt> npecB-feTjrfcMi xpaM-fe TBoem noflo6«e, npenacTaro TBoero rfejiece*1 h spana oópaai., npeB-feiHaro th" MJiaAeaua, 6ora aamero, Ha pyKy" aocHnm", npecB-fcTJitiMi JlyKOw EBaureJiHCTOMi Boo6pameai>, mhjiocth» cbhk>bp>, hko npecB-feTJian aapn, HCU-feneHHH Bcfem. npeR306BJU>B0 nonaBan ! O, ol erne** bt. Hem BeJiRKoe b BceirbToe npeMecraoe th hmh ci cuaom TBOBin», rocnoAem Coroni samara h cnacora H»cyco»n> XpucToirh, aarenonofloCao, Buay Bceirhnrt BOCirfeBaeno b cnaBBMO ! O, Bcfexi qapHue", GoropoffRue h rocnowe Been TBapR, nane cjiOBa ocBHuieuaaa b nane mhcjih HeÓJiaaHeHaH" 6oropoflHTeji[b]Hime, h naie eerecTBa npHCHontBO h MaTHl — yBu I — KaKO, eARHa cnacirreJi[b]HHua h xpaaHTen[b]HHi;a 6oApafl, Haci> ocTaBH? KaKOBiixi y6o C-fefli b oOctohhhh npewne BSBMame" hu, bubì me KaKO MHJIOCTRBaH Be noMOwe"? ... *

HaiRy me cmje 6eebflOBaTH BKpaTicb 6oroH36paBao)iy CTany, cjioèecHUM-b OBijara CeaanoÓHBaro nacrapn, cnaca Xpacra! Cero paAR na^ecn npeBbicoKan Pocchh h paaopacn tojihkhh TBepsbiw CTOJini: CynyiH bt> aeMi, mRBynfHH uapue bmìcto jrfccTBHiibi, kt. Cory bosboAHmeH, cnacirreJi[b]Hi>ix-b cJiOBeci, ewe pawnaioTCH oti KHRropoAHUxi AorMaTOBi, npHHiua'0 6oroHeHaBHCTHUH 6%cobckhh kobhr, BOJimCy r MapoBaHRe, H BM-fcCTO HyXOBHblXT) JIIOAeB H CUHOBT. CB^Ta BOSJHOÓHUia MaflT. CaTaHHBUXl, urne OTBOflHTb ott> 6ora h orb ae6jia8aeaaro cB-feTa bo T[b]My, h ae Aarna*1 MtcTa yMHOMy cBoeMy CJiyxy bha'èth cjiOBecn" npas^HBa, ao KJieBery aa 6jiaropoflHtixT., aeHaBHCTH paAR, hcho nocnymawme, h kpobh MaoroiRCJieHaaro aapoAa, toro paAR, hko p-feKa" BajiHHiua". H, bm^cto HenoC-feflHMaro mesjia

320

Historiography

6 o r o n o A p a > K a T e j i b H U H KPOTOCTH H n p a B A i i , r o p A o c n » H a j i o O y B o a j i i o 6 H m a , e n w e p a A H , H w e n p e w e 6 u c r b n p e c r t T e j n . HKO n e u H H i i a , ci> n p e B u c o i a H i i i a r o c n a n e H AHREJIBCKHH CB^TJIOCTH H CJIABU OTNAAE. Cjiaroponmixi, o n ToMopa H 6uwa,

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G o r o G o p n a r o A H T H x p n c T a , CUHT. T [ b ] M H I , C P O J H H K I

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Lament

on the Occupation

and Ultimate

Devastation

321

n a c r u p e a H HSICT&BHHKOBI o n n a c r o i OTJIYHR, 6ecHHCJieHHbiH npoBH XPHCTHSLHCKHII H3JIHHJIT.. H Be npHH BI> cuTOCTb c a q e B a r o ötcoBCKaro u n a , — npHH c e f i t B i m e a y jiioTopcKHH B*fepu a e f f t c r y MapHHKy« H, a e ycTMAHBCH HHMSJIO , s a m e yCoHBCH öescMeproaro C o r a , BBejn. en HeKpemeHy BT> c o f i o p a y » anocrojn.c K y w uepKOBb IIpecBHTUH B o r o p o f f n q i j f , H B%EnaBi> en u a p c K m n . BTHQEIN.. H NOTOMI. x o r f c " paaopnTH npaBOCJiaBHy» x p a c T H a a c K y n B i p y H CBHTHH ItepKBH R y^HBRTH KOCTeJIbI JldTUHCKHH H JIlOTOpCKylO B"fepy yCTpOBTR. IlpeMHJiocTHBUH m e Corn. Hann. Tponua ae AO KOHija ceny Bpary nonycTH

BcesjiotmiiH AIRI, BBJIRHTH: Bcnop-fe pascuna*' (ÜCOBCKHH ero KoaHH, • A y m a ero ajrfe HCTopraycH" o n Hero, h cpaxHOio cMepraio o n p y m CKOHHaCH.

npaBOB^pauxi

* I l o e r o m e , of BEJIAIRFER POCCRH Toro aagr^HJIRCH, ITO a e TOKMO B I HbiHimHHX-b pofl-fexi T8KOBUH coÖJiaaHbi HCKopeBHTCH, BO H BT> 6 y « y n v i x i , npenTeKynuixi, JIIOA^XT. , c j u m a B i n i i H ori» •HCaHHH o CHXT>, 8"fejIO y«HBATCH, R TaKOBUXl BpaTOBb CoGjiaSBU OTHHWb a e HBfrrcH. r p t x - b w e pauui aaniRxi, Beerò npaBOcnaBaaro xpHCTHaacTBa, naKH rtMi m e NPOHMEAOBABHEMI uapn AHMBTPRH BHT> Bpan.« BOSABamecH, H TOH m e crpaHU MajioyMHbim. H Ceayxauicb DHHRCTBOMI OJXEPMHMBM. JITONEN npen[B]cTH, R TOIO m e npemenHcaBHy» M a p H H K y CjiynHHqy Ha Jiome KT> ce&fc npRHTi, H coßpaBi BOHBCTBO aa CoroasCpaHaaro a CBHTUITL ejieom noMasaaaaro ijapn a BeJiRKaro KBHSH BacHJiRH H B a H O B m a h Been Poccaa, a m e CucTb on. Kopeae CBHTaro SjiaroB-fcpHaro BeJiaaaro KBH3H AjiencaHApa flpocJiaBHia HeBcaaro 1 . Kt> ero m e anoiecTHBOny coBfrry npHcra Kopojib JIHTOBCKHH), R nocjia ÖtconpocTHoe BOHBCTBO CBoe, R MBorR rpaAbi h aecR paaopR, a CBHTUH BÖJIHKHH naapu paapyniH, a HeTjrfcHHaH R HecTH-bHinan no ycneHBR rtneca CBHTUXT» orb 6naroHRHB% y c r p o e H B u x i pani H3Bepn> H KOHeiaouy oCpyraaaio npeAaCTb; H 6e34HCJieH0 npaBocnaBHUxt aapoAa Meiio npenaaa 6uuia, H HpoBe'* RCTOMHHKH npojiHHOiacH. H ae e«HH-fe»n> CHMI aecuTBUux KpoBonponHTHem» BenaKOffepmaBaaH POCCRH BT. noraöejib Bnaxe, ao HBOSR BOSABHromaca BpaaH", H T[b]MoiHCJieBHoe aajiHHCH JiyKaBCTBO. H MB08H OTT> rpaCRToneR H HecurB b i x i KpoBOHÄueBi uapbMR HMeHOBama ce6e H p a a n m a a n HMeaa aa CH BoanomHoia: hht> Hapewecn rieTpi*, BHI H B a m > Bap'biaeirb ABrycrb 1 , HOT. JlaBpeaTea°>, HHi Typen •>, H o n BRXI TaKome MHorH k p o b r RSJiRHmacn, r CeciHCJieHHO CjiaropoÄHUxi iieneMi CKOHnamacH, R x i m e B c b x i npeBUCOKan Goman AecHHqa noC^ÄH, H MHMOTEKYNJAN RXI>, npefi-BAHAA c n a B a , HKO AUMI., paanaHCH H, HKO n p a x i , paacunacH. H o eABHaKO ocKyA^ma* 0 MBOSB rpaflH a Beca, a 6 e c i npeAOßpHH BOHHU XpHCTOBU.

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322

Historiography J K H B Y M H H w e BO R P A A I CMONEHCK'T, SnaroMecTHBHH j i w f t H e MYIEHHIECKHMH

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C T o n a M b AHTHXPHCTOBHMX , H w e ijapeMT> ^ H M H T p H e M i

HMeHOBa c e 6 e , n o

BOMy coB-feTy T p e K J i H T o r o

mho™

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nana

o m e M i . HCTpeGjiHTH H n a c H j m e B e j i H K o e u a p c T B y w m e M y w e , W H B y m H H BT> B e j i H i i t H POCCHH, H e y p a a y M t m a jiyKaBCTBa,

—

Bocxoi-fema

npHHTH

KopojieBHMa

Jiyna-

M'fecTa BceHAHHMT>

r p a A y TBOPHTH.

BpawneCHaro

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H we

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M0CK0BCK0e

rocynapcTBO

U a p c T B O B a T H , H n p o c T O T O M h Hec0BepuieHCTB0Mi> y M a CoroMT. H s S p a H H a r o

uapn'

CT> npecTOJia C B e p m y j i H H O T I i ^ a p t c T B a oTJiynHJiH h BO iiHOHecKHH mhht> H a c H jiHeMT> o f i j i e K j i H H KT. K o p o j i i o

nofli. CMOJienecKt

C K a r o H j i H T O B C K a r o c b BOHHCTBOMI. e r o n y c r a m a

oTCJiajiH, h

reTMaHa

nOJl[b]-

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rpaAa

MOCKBH . *

IlenoKOJieSHMMH w e CKHH

Bipil,

MyApMH

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H H t e " BI. B e j i H i i ' t H

nacTBbi

BB^pHeTe ayrna KoTopoe Bu

KpoTUbi71

TBepAHH

CBHrtHinm POCCHH

HXT. H n o J i e s H a n B t i n a n »Ha^a

CTOJim. C n a r o i e c T H H , n p e A H B H b m p a ^ H T e j i b

KpinKHH,

a^aMaHTt,

EpMoreHi

MHTymnxcn

MeJIOB-feKOJIIoSHblH

naTpaapxti, H aino

xpHcraaH-

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BHAH JiMAen

noraCaiomHX'b, MHoro

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Moen,

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H

n0JiHK0Mt?

B a M t , c j i o B e c H b i M t O B u a M i , n p i m a c T i i e c o SJIOXHU^HLIMH o

npe-

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o

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BOJIKH 7 0 ?

Lament on the Occupation and Ultimate Devastation

323

B - b c r e " caMH, HKO nanaBHa npaBOCJiaBHan Hama xpHCTHaHCKafl B-fcpa r p e wecKaro aaKOHa o n . HRonjieMeHHmi> CTpam. BeaaBHAHMa: KHHMH w e

HpaBw"

npRMHpHMCH CO HHOnJieHeHHHKH" CHMH? Jlyinie 6 u 6HJIO B a n H3UCKaTH, MTO" CO cjieaaMH H CT. p u ^ a m i e u i BceHap0ffH0, CT> w e H a x a H c i Haflw, npeTenyi h i HeoTcfeKaeMOH HaAewAH, KO BceMHBI> TpoHi;u

ji0CTHB0My

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6ory,

h

MHJIOCTH h m e a p o n .

npocirrn

y

SoraTonaTeJibHtiH e r o « e c H H U u , « a nonacrb BaMi p a s y M i 6 j i a n > , e w e " TBOPHTH H OKpecTHUMi

rpaAOMi,

HHHH w e o n . npaBocjiaBHUxi xpHCTHam c j i a A i v f c " n o c n y m a m a

CNARHIT

ayuiaMi

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h uapcTByiomeMy

rpaAy

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e r o CJiOBéd,

noMbinuieHbMK

H np0THB0

flHBHaro

nacTbipn CBoero H e - r t n a « B-femaiome™. HesecTHBUMi» w e noji[b]CKHMI> H JIHTOBCKHMT. JiiOAeMT., jiynaBCTBOMi B n i e A u i H M i " B*B QAPCTBYIONUIH rpaAT.

MocKBy,

HKO naryÒHHMi BOJIKOMT., BHpafliiiHMCH" B I o r p a A i . XpHCTOBa crama, H MHoro HacHJine uanama cofl-feBaTH npaBOCJiaBHUMi XPHCRAAHOMI, H BHYTPB u a p c r o y i o m a r o rpaAa KOCTeJiu ycTpoHiua. rioTOMi. w e ,

—

rope,

rope!

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oxi,

oxiI

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npaBOBtpHHH

paaopeHHH,

Aa

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CHMT> naryCHtiMT. BOJIKOMT. BHyTpb

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MOCKBM BPEMEHH,

H coB-FETOBAMA CT. n p e A a T e j i H " XPHCTHAHCKHH B-fepu H CO B p a r n " MocKOBCKaro rocyaapcTBa,

ci

MNXAHJIOMI

CANTUKOBUMI

Aa

eA[b]K0i0

AHAPOHOBUMI ,

KOTOpbIMH o6pa3tl" 4 pa30pHTH UapCTByiOIHHH rpaAT. MoCKBy H JipOJIHTH KpOBb xpHCTHaHCKyio. M e r « a HcnojiHHBinycH 3Ji0HecTHB0My c O B i T y " oKaflHHHH

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CBOH

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cnaBy

xpacTOHMHHHTaro

uapcTByiomaro

CBHTbin BejiHKHH qeTbipeAecHTHHuu,

HUXI OTpacTeH, —

rpaAa.

crtuu

IlpHcirtBiuy

H ceAMHija Hacra

we

cnacHTejib-

yroTOBama OKanHHHH IIOJIHKH H HAMULI, Hwe BHHAoma CT.

HHMH B I uapcTByioiuHH r p a m i , HeiecTHBHH p y u i CBOH Ha ò p a H b , H wecTOcepAO, HKO JI[b]BH, ycTpeMHiuacH, Hwe n p e w e o r a e M i sananHma MHORAN MICRA CBHTMXI

uepKBen

H AOMOBT. , H noTOMi.

XpHCTHaHT. H Haiailia

6e3MHJIOCTHBHO

BOSABHroma

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Ha

npaBocjiaBHHxi

nOCfcuaTH pOAT> XpHCTHaHCKHH H npo-

JIHFLUIA, HKO BOAy, KpOBb HenOBHHHblXl, a TpyilHH MepTBfclXT. 3eMJlW n o K p u i u a . H o6arpHUiacH* a MHoroHapoflHO» KPOBHIO H BceHAHUMi o m e M i . BCH CBHTBIH uepKBH, H MOhacTbipn h rpaAbi h AOMU HCTpe6Hiiia, ycTpo6HH6Mi. w e o r b KaMeHHH uepKBH pa3rpa6Hiua, H wHBonucaHHbiH HKOHU BJiaAbiMHH H SoroMaTepe e r o H cBHTbixi yroAHHKOBi. e r o CT. ywpewAeHHbixi M-tcTb Ha 3eMJiK> noBeproma H 6ecMHCJieHHbiH KopucTH [ H ] BCHKHXI n p e f l p a r H x i Bemen p y u t CBOH HanoJiHHiua. H

coKpoBHiua

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H

co6paHHan,

pany

nxiwe

SjiaweHHaro

H

h aptTH

6HJIO

u , fe^[b]6oH0CHaro

324

Historiography

rfenece" iacTH,

Bejraxaro

h

OApi

BacHJiHR,

c*b i r b c T a ,

o

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awe

Suerb

l á t c r f c , iwfe>«e jieJKHTb CnaweHHoe weHOoCpaaHbiMH

jihiuj,

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H

MHOra

o n . pym>

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weHU rtxi.

paacfcKOiiia

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h 6e3crpamH'fc, bt> Toro

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mho™

Ha

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h ntBU

ho bt. p i n y

ci

CBHTaro uepKBH

HenoBHHH'fe w e no6HeHHuxi> npaBOB-fepHtixi

cnoAoómiia,

o6pyrama,

panoio,

e r o rfc.io, kohcmt» M-fcera ycTpoHiua

CeacryAHi

6nyAHoe cuapeAHe TBOpnme. CTnaHT» H H w e

K)poAHBaroT,

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mhosh no n y T e M i M p a a o M i h r j i a ^ O M i h pa3JiHMHUMn ckopSmh

CKOHHainacH.

• M

KTO He HCnOJIHHTCH OT-b xpHCTHaHT, nJiawa H ptiflaHHH?

K t o He ywacHeTCH, TOJiHKy» CKOpCb h H3By cjibiiuaBi o npHCHOH no A y x y 6paTHH

CBoea?

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phmawme?

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HphkjiohHTe y x o HaiHeMi.

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Bauie,

mhjiocth

h y

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h

B03AWXaHHeMT> H CTeHaHHeMT. I OTnrqeHHOe CpeiiH r p t x o B i . HauiHXT. noKanHHeMi h mhjioctuhhmh h hhmh 6jiarHHH A'bTeJi[b]MH p a a c u n j i e M i . , —

A a C u npeMHJiocTHBUH C o n ,

MeJioB-feKOJiioCHH

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cBoero,

nomaAHJii

poAa

npo-

Haun,,

xpHCTHaHCKaro

h

noTpe6HJn. o r b H a c i BparoBi, H a u i H x i h sjiojiyKaBbiH coB-fen, hxt. HCKopeHHJn. h 0CTaH0Ki 6 u

poccHHCKHX'b i;apcTBi> h rpaAOBT. h BeceH mhpomt. o r p a ^ H j i i

b c h k h h CuaroAaTH H

h

HcnojiHHjn».

He n p e f f a c r b Haci> B p a r o M i bt. pacxHiueHHe

h bt. njitHT.: mhjiocthbt, 60

h MeJiOB-feKOJiioCHBi C o r a H a u n . , Ha b c h k i n a c í KaraujHMCH n y i H H y MHJiocepAHH CBoero H3JiHBaen> h , ho

n o nacaHHOMy, h yaAOio,

do

KOHI^H

cnp-fenb

npoenrbeaemc»,

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HU

to

EN>KU

BOCTnayen.

H a c i , n a n a a a CB^Ta h r o p H H r o H e p y c a j i H M a c o w h t c j i h 6yne»n> h

npeBtiHaro

6y«ymaro

6paanoio

NE

h CiAaMH,

epaotcdyemi,

wHBOTa h HeCecHbix-b ójiarHXT.» 0 HacnaflHMCH.

ByAH*1

we

BceMy

cn0BecH0My

CTaay

BeJiHKHH

Pocchh,

npaBOCJiaBHUMi

XpHCTHaHOMT,, O XpHCrfc MHp"b I 1 DopomfleHHHH p. p. p., nom. pi. : nopoaHTH. > BJiaflbiirfc dat. sg. : BJiaflbiKa. ' naflecfl aor. 3 sg. : nacTHcn. ' paaopHCH aor. 3 sg. : paaopHTHCH. ' BoaHecouiacH aor. 3 pi. : B03HecTHcn/BiSHecTBCH. * noAoOnuiacfl pr. a. p., gen. sg. : nonoOHTHCH. ' Jifrru insir. pi. : jt6to. ' npHHTi, — npHH aor. 3 tg. : npHHTH. ' •orop'fe aor. 3 sg. : •orop'bTH. " B-feCTb pr. 3 sg. : rta-feTH. 11 CTOJinH nom. pi. : CToam,/cn>Jini. " Ouma aor. 3 pi. : Outh. uiapu inslr. pi. : u qapBe nom. pi. : aapb. 11 B6JiHHauiacH aor. 3 pi. : BeJitmaTHCH. mapi. " npeBabiae aor. J sg. : npeBT.3T.imi. " rnarojiamecH imp/. 3 sg. : rjiarojiarHCH. " rpane uoc. sg. : Tpam>. " Hme art. rtf. rpaat. •• yrace aor. 3 sg. : yracHyTH. *' rtJiece gen. sg. : rtJio. " th dat. pou.: t u . ™ p y K y loc. du. : pyxa. " bochuih pr. a. p. (adv.): hochth. " eme ari. reí. imh. " napHue and the following expressions OoropoAHue, rocnome, Ooropo^HTejibRHue voc. sg. " ueOjiaSHeHaii neg. + p. p. p. : SjiaaHHTR. " BSHMauie imp/. 2 sg. : HSHMaTH. " noMowe aor. 2 sg. : nOMOmn. npHHina aor. 3 pi. : npHHTH. " nama aor. 3 pi. : flaTH. " cjiobpch gen. sg. : caobo. ** p'bKa instead of expected ptny acc. sg. " HsjiBdTH. *' cTpynu ineir. pi. : CTpym.. oOHaaniecH aor. 3 pi. : oOnaaTHCH. " BoaABBwecn aor. 3 sg. : BoaaBHruyTHCH/ BiaxBBrHyTHcn. " rpaaorpa(J)bi =• xpoHorpacJiu. " npoflSHecouia aor. 3 pi. : npoflSRecTB.

The Story of Former

Years

325

" noBepme aor. 3 tg. : noBp-fema. ** n p e n a n pr. a . p . : npenasaTB. ** pyirk ate. du. : p y n a . " B a p e m p . a. p . : a a p e m a . ** a a f r t r j i i p . a. p . : BsO-hrHyTa. » e w e ret. art. re/, BTB. " xopojiio . . . n a a o m . . . . p a n y n m a i i c f i dat. ab«. (temp.). " BMeHOBa aor. J tg. : BMeHOBaTm. " o c y e m n a c H aor. 3 p i . : o c y e t i T i c « . " oOt.*>pojrtnia aor. 3 pi. : o O i n p o j r t T a . " BOSSBBroma aor. 3 pi. : BiaaBHrHyTB. " BejiBirta dat. tg. : BejiBKan. " cKBepn> — c K B n e r p i . u - MB08B nom. pi. : M(*)Hora. n o a a a m a aor. 3. pi.; noSBaTB. " XOT® aor. 3 tg. : xorbTB. " p a a c u n a aor. 3 tg. :paccunaTa. " a c r o p r a y c H aor. 3 tg. : B c n p r a y T a c f i . " Kpose gen. tg. •• Bpaaa nom. pi. :Bpan>. " ocKyfltma aor. 3 pi.: OCKyjrfcTB. " K o p o n » BocxaTBBniy dat. abt. (temp.). " oTKpoBenBBB p. p . p., nom: pi. : OTKpuTB. ** n o c n n n a a p . a. p., nom. pi. u nocHrayTB. M KopoJiio OtiBmy dat. abt. (temp.). y j i a m a m a aor. 3pi.: yjiamaTB. ** KopoJieBa adj. pott., gen. tg.: HopoJifc. " r j i a r o j i u inatr. pi. " a w e rel. art. ref. m o n e a . jtyma CBOH. n acc. pi. " BOJIKB instr. pi. " K p o m u nom. pi. : Hpon.m>. BtCTe p r . t pi. : B-tirtTB. " a p a B u instr. pi. " BBonjieifeflHBKB inttr. pi. " ITO — K a m . " erne art. ref. TBOPBTB. " c j i a j u r t adv. : cnaAiKV " Btmaiome pr. a. p., nom. pi. : B t m a r a . monetrb . . . BmeflMNMI> dat. abt. (temp.). " BKpajuuHMCH p. a. p., dat. pi. : B[I]KpacTBcn. " BOJIHOMI . . . BOSBopflBmaMcn dat. abt. (temp.). " npeaaTejia inafr. pi. ** B p a r a inttr. pi. " oCpaaa inttr. pi. " acnojiHBBaiycH . . . covbry dat. abt. " p y i r t ace. du. : pyKa. " npacirtBiny . . . Bp6M£BB dat. abt. (temp.). " oOarpamacn aor. 3 pi. : oOarpBTB. " rfejiece gen. tg. : rtJio. " O j i a r a x i (seil, j r t i i i ) - 0jian> gen. pi. : Cnaro. " OyAB imp. 3 tg. : 6UTB. 1 Mohammedans. b P s e u d o - D e m e t r i u s I (1605-6). « Belial. d Principality of Novgorod-Seversk. • Marina Mniszek (d. 1614), wife of P s e u d o - D e m e t r i u s I. f Cathedral of t h e Assumption of t h e Holy Virgin within t h e K r e m l i n , g P s e u d o - D e m e t r i u s I I (1607). 1» T s a r VasiliJ SuJskiJ (1606-10). 1 A l e x a n d e r NevskiJ of Suzdal' (1252-63). 1 King Sigismund I I I of Poland a n d L i t h u a n i a (1587-1632). k P s e u d o - P e t e r (1607). 1 P s e u d o - A u g u s t (1607). m P s e u d o - L a u r e n t l u s (1607). n Pseudo-Gregory (1607). o 1609. P A b o y a r t r a i t o r and m e m b e r of T s a r Vasilij's council (1608). 4 F ' o d o r A n d r o n o v , a m e r c h a n t a n d t r a i t o r (1608). ' Prince W l a d y s l a w of P o l a n d , elected Tsar of Muscovia in 1610, later K i n g of Poland and L i t h u a n i a (1632-48). • H e t m a n Stanislaw 2ölkiewski (1547-1620), c