Airplane Design Part 2 9781884885433, 9781884885662

Table of contents :
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Step-By-Step Guide to Configuration Design
3. Selection of the Overall Configuration
4. Design of Cockpit and Fuselage Layouts
5. Selection and Integration of the Propulsion System
6. Class I Method for Wing Planform Design and for Sizing and Locating Lateral Control Surfaces
7. Class I Method for Verifying Clean Airplane Max Lift and for Sizing High Lift Devices
8. Class I Method for Empennage Sizing & Disposition & for Control Surface Sizing & Disposition
9. Class I Method for Landing Gear Sizing and Disposition
10. Class I Weight and Balance Analysis
11. Class I Method for Stability and Control Analysis
12. Class I Method for Drag Polar Determination
13. The Result of Preliminary Design Sequence I: The Preliminary Three View
14. References
15. Index
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Citation preview

Airplane Design Part II: Preliminary Configuration Design and Integration of the Propulsion System

Dr. Jan Roskam

Ackers Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Aerospace Engineering The University of Kansas, Lawrence

2018

1440 Wakarusa Drive, Suite 500 • Lawrence, Kansas 66049, U.S.A.

PUBLISHED BY Design, Analysis and Research Corporation (DARcorporation) 1440 Wakarusa Drive, Suite 500 Lawrence, Kansas 66049 U.S.A. Phone: (785) 832-0434 [email protected] www.darcorp.com Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 97068580 ISBN: 978-1-884885-43-3 ISBN: 978-1-884885-66-2 (E-book) In all countries, sold and distributed by Design, Analysis and Research Corporation 1440 Wakarusa Drive, Suite 500 Lawrence, Kansas 66049 U.S.A. The information presented in this book has been included for their instructional value. They are not guaranteed for any particular purpose. The publisher does not offer any warranties or representations, nor does it accept any liabilities with respect to the information. It is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should be sought.

Copyright © 2018 by Design, Analysis and Research Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America First Printing, 1985 Second Printing, 1989 Third Printing, 1997 Fourth Printing, 2004 E-book, 2017 Fifth Printing, 2017 Sixth Printing, 2018 Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of DARcorporation. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without written permission of the publisher, DARcorporation.

Airplane Design & Analysis Book Descriptions All books can be ordered from our on-line store at www.darcorp.com.

Airplane Aerodynamics & Performance C.T. Lan & Jan Roskam

The atmosphere • basic aerodynamic principles and applications • airfoil theory • wing theory • airplane drag • airplane propulsion systems • propeller theory • fundamentals of flight mechanics for steady symmetrical flight • climb performance and speed • take-off and landing performance • range and endurance • maneuvers and flight

General steady and perturbed state equations of motion for a rigid airplane • concepts and use of stability & control derivatives • physical and mathematical explanations of stability & control derivatives • solutions and applications of the steady state equations of motion from a Jan Roskam viewpoint of airplane analysis and design • emphasis on airplane trim, take-off rotation and engine-out control • open loop transfer functions • analysis of fundamental dynamic modes: phugoid, short period, roll, spiral and dutch roll • equivalent stability derivatives and the relation to automatic control of unstable airplanes • flying qualities and the Cooper-Harper scale: civil and military regulations • extensive numerical data on stability, control and hingemoment derivatives

Airplane Flight Dynamics & Automatic Flight Controls Part I

Elastic airplane stability and control coefficients and derivatives • method for determining the equilibrium and manufacturing shape of an elastic airplane • subsonic and supersonic numerical examples of Jan Roskam aeroelasticity effects on stability & control derivatives • bode and rootlocus plots with open and closed loop airplane applications, and coverage of inverse applications • stability augmentation systems: pitch dampers, yaw dampers and roll dampers • synthesis concepts of automatic flight control modes: control-stick steering, auto-pilot hold, speed control, navigation and automatic landing • digital control systems using classical control theory applications with Z-transforms • applications of classical control theory • human pilot transfer functions

Airplane Flight Dynamics & Automatic Flight Controls Part II

Estimating take-off gross weight, empty weight and mission fuel weight • sensitivity studies and growth factors • estimating wing area • take-off Preliminary Sizing of Airplanes thrust and maximum clean, take-off and landing lift • sizing to stall Jan Roskam speed, take-off distance, landing distance, climb, maneuvering and cruise speed requirements • matching of all performance requirements via performance matching diagrams

Airplane Design Part I

Selection of the overall configuration • design of cockpit and fuselage layouts • selection and integration of the propulsion system • Class I Preliminary Configuration Design and method for wing planform design • Class I method for verifying clean Integration of the Propulsion System airplane maximum lift coefficient and for sizing high lift devices • Class Jan Roskam I method for empennage sizing and disposition, control surface sizing and disposition, landing gear sizing and disposition, weight and balance analysis, stability and control analysis and drag polar determination

Airplane Design Part II

Design • Analysis • Research

1440 Wakarusa Drive, Suite 500, Lawrence, Kansas 66049, USA - Tel: (785) 832-0434 [email protected] – www.darcorp.com

Airplane Design & Analysis Book Descriptions All books can be ordered from our on-line store at www.darcorp.com. Cockpit (or flight deck) layout design • aerodynamic design considerations for the fuselage layout • interior layout design of the Layout Design of Cockpit, Fuselage, Wing fuselage • fuselage structural design considerations • wing aerodynamic and Empennage: Cutaways and Inboard and operational design considerations • wing structural design Profiles considerations • empennage aerodynamic and Jan Roskam operational design considerations • empennage structural and integration design consideration • integration of propulsion system • preliminary structural arrangement, material selection and manufacturing breakdown

Airplane Design Part III

Landing gear layout design • weapons integration and weapons data • flight control system layout data • fuel system layout design • hydraulic Layout Design of Landing Gear and Systems system design • electrical system layout design • environmental control Jan Roskam system layout design • cockpit instrumentation, flight management and avionics system layout design • de-icing and anti-icing system layout design • escape system layout design • water and waste systems layout design • safety and survivability considerations

Airplane Design Part IV

Airplane Design Part V

Component Weight Estimation Jan Roskam

Airplane Design Part VI

Preliminary Calculation of Aerodynamic, Thrust, and Power Characteristics Jan Roskam control derivative data

Airplane Design Part VII

Determination of Stability, Control, and Performance Characteristics: FAR and Military Requirements Jan Roskam

Class I methods for estimating airplane component weights and airplane inertias • Class II methods for estimating airplane component weights, structure weight, powerplant weight, fixed equipment weight and airplane inertias • methods for constructing v-n diagrams • Class II weight and balance analysis • locating component centers of gravity Summary of drag causes and drag modeling • Class II drag polar prediction methods •airplane drag data • installed power and thrust prediction methods • installed power and thrust data • lift and pitching moment prediction methods • airplane high lift data • methods for estimating stability, control and hingemoment derivatives • stability and Controllability, maneuverability and trim • static and dynamic stability • ride and comfort characteristics • performance prediction methods • civil and military airworthiness regulations for airplane performance and stability and control • the airworthiness code and the relationship between failure states, levels of performance and levels of flying qualities

Cost definitions and concepts • method for estimating research, development, test and evaluation cost • method for estimating Airplane Cost Estimation: Design, prototyping cost • method for estimating manufacturing and acquisition Development, Manufacturing, and Operating cost • method for estimating operating cost • example of life cycle cost Jan Roskam calculation for a military airplane • airplane design optimization and design-to-cost considerations • factors in airplane program decision making

Airplane Design Part VIII

Design • Analysis • Research

1440 Wakarusa Drive, Suite 500, Lawrence, Kansas 66049, USA - Tel: (785) 832-0434 [email protected] – www.darcorp.com