A history of Chinese philosophy. Volume I. The period of the philosophers (from the beginnings to circa 100 B.C.) [1, 2 ed.]

Table of contents :
Translators Preface .. .. .. .. xi
Translator's Historical Introduction .. .. .. .. xv

Chapter I — Introduction .. .. .. .. 1

Chapter II — A General Survey of the Period of the Philosophers
1. Beginnings of the period .. .. .. .. 7
2. Causes for the development of philosophy during the period .. .. .. .. 8
3. The close of the period .. .. .. .. 15
4. The close of the ancient period of transition .. .. .. .. 18
5. The forms of the early literature .. .. .. .. 19

Chapter III — Philosophical and Religious Thought prior to Confucius .. .. .. .. 22
1. Divine Beings .. .. .. .. 22
2. Divination and Magic .. .. .. .. 26
3. Heaven and God .. .. .. .. 30
4. Beginnings of enlightenment .. .. .. .. 31
5. The rise of rationalism .. .. .. .. 33

Chapter IV — Confucius and the Rise of Confucianism .. .. .. .. 43
1. The Position of Confucius in Chinese History .. .. .. .. 46
2. Attitude of Confucius toward traditional institutions and beliefs .. .. .. .. 54
3. The Rectification of Names .. .. .. .. 59
4. Confucius as a creator through being a transmitter .. .. .. .. 62
5. The virtues of uprightness, human-heartedness, conscientiousness and altruism .. .. .. .. 66
6. Righteousness, utilitarianism and human nature .. .. .. .. 73

Chapter V — Mo Tzŭ and the Early Mohist School
1. Concerning the study of Mo Tzŭ .. .. .. .. 76
2. The Canons and the Major and Minor Illustrations in the Mo-tzŭ .. .. .. .. 80
3. The Mohists as an organized body .. .. .. .. 81
4. Mo Tzŭ’s Utilitarianism .. .. .. .. 84
5. What is the great profit for the people? .. .. .. .. 87
6. Universal Love .. .. .. .. 91
7. Religious sanctions .. .. .. .. 96
8. Political sanctions .. .. .. .. 100
9. Additional remarks .. .. .. .. 103

Chapter VI — Mencius and his School of Confucianism
1. The Mission of Mencius and his position in Chinese history .. .. .. .. 106
2. Attitude toward the Chou institutions .. .. .. .. 108
3. Ideal political and economic measures .. .. .. .. 111
4. The goodness of human nature .. .. .. .. 119
5. Opposition to utilitarianism .. .. .. .. 127
6. Heaven, human nature and the 'moving force' .. .. .. .. 129

Chapter VII — The 'Hundred Schools' .. .. .. .. 132
1. Yang Chu and the rise of the Taoist school .. .. .. .. 133
2. Ch'en Chung Tzŭ .. .. .. .. 143
3. Hsü Hsing and Ch’en Hsiang .. .. .. .. 144
4. Kao Tzŭ and other debaters on human nataire .. .. .. .. 145
5. Yin Wen and Sung K’eng .. .. .. .. 148
6. P'eng Meng, T'ien P'ien and Shen Tao .. .. .. .. 153
7. Tsou Yen and the School of and Yin and Yang and of the Five Elements .. .. .. .. 159

Chapter VIII — Lao Tzŭ and his School of Taoism
1. Lao Tan and Li Erh .. .. .. .. 170
2. Lao Tzŭ and Chuang Tzŭ .. .. .. .. 172
3. The spirit of the people of Ch'u .. .. .. .. 175
4. The Way and the Power .. .. .. .. 177
5. Observations on things .. .. .. .. 180
6. How to live in the world .. .. .. .. 183
7. Political and social philosophy .. .. .. .. 186
8. Attitude toward desire and knowledge .. .. .. .. 187
9. The ideal man and ideal society .. .. .. .. 189

Chapter IX — Hur Shih, Kung-sun Lung and the Other Dialecticians
1. The general tendencies in the Dialectician doctrines .. .. .. .. 192
2. Hui Shih and Chuang Tzŭ .. .. .. .. 194
3. Hui Shih's Ten Paradoxes .. .. .. .. 197
4. Differences between Hui Shih and Chuang Tzŭ .. .. .. .. 201
5. Kung-sun Lung’s ‘Discourse on the White Horse' .. .. .. .. 203
6. Kung-sun Lung’s conception of the Chih .. .. .. .. 205
7. Kung-sun Lung's 'Discourse on Hard and White' .. .. .. .. 207
8. Kung-sun Lung's 'Discourse on Chih and Things' .. .. .. .. 209
9. Kung-sun Lung's 'Discourse on the Explanation of Change' .. .. .. .. 212
10. The 'Unity of Similarity and Difference' and 'Separateness of Hard and White' .. .. .. .. 214
11. The Twenty-one Paradoxes of the Dialecticians .. .. .. .. 215
12. Sensation and intellect .. .. .. .. 220

Chapter X — Chuang Tzŭ and his School of Taoism
1. Chuang Tzŭ and the characteristics of the people of Ch'u .. .. .. .. 221
2. The Way, the Power and Nature .. .. .. .. 223
3. The philosophy of change .. .. .. .. 225
4. How to attain happiness .. .. .. .. 226
5. Liberty and equality .. .. .. .. 230
6. Immortality .. .. .. .. 236
7. The world of pure experience .. .. .. .. 239
8. Absolute freedom .. .. .. .. 243
9. Chuang Tzŭ compared with Yang Chu .. .. .. .. 244

Chapter XI — The Later Mohist School
1. Conditions of the Mohist school during the Warring States period .. .. .. .. 246
2. Utilitarianism in the 'Mohist Canons' .. .. .. .. 248
3. Discussions on knowledge .. .. .. .. 251
4. Discussions on dialectic .. .. .. .. 257
5. Discussions on 'Similarity and Difference' .. .. .. .. 262
6. Discussions on 'Hard and White' .. .. .. .. 265
7. Discussions on other problems of the Dialecticians .. .. .. .. 270
8. Arguments for Universal Love .. .. .. .. 271
9. Arguments with other philosophic schools .. .. .. .. 274

Chapter XII — Hsün Tzŭ and his School of Confucianism
1. Hsün Tzŭ as a scholar .. .. .. .. 279
2. Attitude toward Confucius and Mencius .. .. .. .. 280
3. Attitude toward the Chou institutions .. .. .. .. 282
4. Heaven and human nature .. .. .. .. 284
5. Hsün Tzŭ's system of psychology .. .. .. .. 289
6. Origins of society and the state .. .. .. .. 294
7. Rites and music .. .. .. .. 297
8. The King and the Feudal Leader .. .. .. .. 299
9. The Rectification of Names .. .. .. .. 302

Chapter XIII — Han Fei Tzŭ and the Other Legalists
1. The Legalist doctrines and the social, political and economic tendencies of their time .. .. .. .. 312
2. The Legalist concept of history .. .. .. .. 316
3. The three groups in the LegaUst school .. .. .. .. 318
4. The three groups and Han Fei Tzŭ .. .. .. .. 320
5. The importance of law .. .. .. .. 321
6. Rectification of Names and Actualities .. .. .. .. 323
7. Strictness in Rewards and Punishments .. .. .. .. 325
8. The evilness of human nature .. .. .. .. 327
9. Non-activity .. .. .. .. 330
10. The Legalists and the nobles of their time .. .. .. .. 335

Chapter XIV — The Confucians of the Ch'in and Han Dynasties
1. General principles of Li .. .. .. .. 337
2. General principles underlying music .. .. .. .. 341
3. Theory of mourning rites .. .. .. .. 344
4. Theory of sacrificial rites .. .. .. .. 350
5. Theory of marriage rites .. .. .. .. 355
6. Theories on filial piety .. .. .. .. 357
7. The Great Learning .. .. .. .. 361
8. The Doctrine of the Mean .. .. .. .. 369
9. The Evolutions of Li .. .. .. .. 377

Chapter XV — The Appendices of the Book of Changes and the Cosmology of the Huai-nan-tzŭ
1. Origin of the Book of Changes and of its appendices .. .. .. .. 379
2. The Eight Trigrams and the Yin and Yang .. .. .. .. 382
3. Development and change of phenomenal things .. .. .. .. 387
4. The endless cycle of phenomenal change .. .. .. .. 388
5. The hexagrams and human affairs .. .. .. .. 390
6. The cosmology of the Huai-nan-tzŭ .. .. .. .. 395

Chapter XVI — Confucian discussions on the Six Disciplines, and the ultimate triumph of Confucianism
1. Confucian discussions on the Six Disciplines .. .. .. .. 400
2. Causes for the ultimate triumph of Confucianism .. .. .. .. 403

Appendix — Chronological Table of the Philosophers .. .. .. .. 408
Bibliography .. .. .. .. 410
Index .. .. .. .. 423

MAP
China under the Warring States .. .. .. .. At end of Volume

Citation preview

Barcode : 5990010111781 Title - A History of Chinese Philosophy Vil. I Author - Fung Yu-Lan Language - english Pages - 490 Publication Year - 1952 Barcode EAN.UCC-13

5 990010 111781