Английский язык. Уроки репетитора 9785992503159

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УДК 372.8 ББК 81.2 Англ 922 Х 76

Х 76

Хоменкер Л. С. Английский язык. Уроки репетитора. — СПб.: КАРО, 2012. — 360 с. ISBN 9785992503159. Среди многочисленных изданий по английскому языку, вышедших за последние годы, данное пособие занимает особое место. Оно содержит оригинальную авторскую методику эффективного овладения английским языком, прошедшую многолетнюю практическую проверку. Пособие может быть полезно учащимся средних учебных заведений и студентам вузов, деловым людям и тем, кто самостоятельно изучает английский язык. УДК 372.8 ББК 81.2 Англ922

ISBN 978 5 9925 0315 9

© Хоменкер Л. С., 2003 © КАРО, 2004

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32

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33

MJHDBQL?GBY

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it is

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a tale a rake  a plane  a snake  a lane GZihfgx:^Z`_fZe_gvdh_Zg]ebckdh_ a tail keh\hfh`_lbf_lvg_kdhevdhagZq_gbc a way \i_j_\h^_gZjmkkdbcyaud a ray >OH*[email protected] ha_jh a lake a nail a spade >VSH*[email protected] ehiZlZ one >VNH*[email protected] dhgzd a skate a gate a lesson >[email protected] mjhd a plate 

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kdZadZ ]jZ[eb kZfhezl af_y ljhibgdZ o\hkl imlv^hjh]Z emq gh]hlvdh]hlv h^bg dZebldZ lZj_edZ

IjhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbykwlbfbkeh\Zfb ih-jmkkdb ih-Zg]ebckdb Wlh_klv ha_jh It is a lake. Wlh_klv ehiZlZ It is a spade Wlh_klv dhgzd It is a skate. Wlh_klv dZebldZ It is a gate. Wlh_klv kdZadZ It is a tale. Wlh_klv ]jZ[eb It is a rake. Wlh_klv kZfhezl It is a plane. Wlh_klv af_y It is a snake. Wlh_klv ljhibgdZ It is a lane. Wlh_klv o\hkl It is a tail. Wlh_klv ^hjh]Z It is a way. Wlh_klv emq It is a ray. Wlh_klv gh]hlv It is a nail. Wlh_klv mjhd It is a lesson. E;[email protected] Wlh i_khd. It is _ sand>V;[email protected] Wlh reyiZ. It is a hat>K;[email protected] Wlhe_lmqZyfurv It is a bat>E;[email protected] Wlh djukZ. It is a rat>U;[email protected] Wlh \_lqbgZ. It is _ ham>K;[email protected] Wlh y[ehdh. It is an apple>;[email protected] Wlhd_idZ It is a cap>N;[email protected] Wlh dZkljxey. It is a pan>S;[email protected] Wlh [ehdghl. It is a pad>S;[email protected] Wlhq_eh\_dfm`qbgZ  It is a man>P;[email protected] Ijbf_qZgb_:_kebhij_^f_l_g_evaykdZaZlv©^\Zi_kdZª©ljb\_lqbgu», ©iylvfZk_eªlhi_j_^lZdbfbkeh\Zfbkeh\h©a »g_klZ\blky



37

Mjhd 4

Lesson four >[email protected]

IhagZdhfvl_kvkgh\ufbkeh\Zfb a desk a tent a peg a terrace a can where

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a net a shelf a bed a bench the where is

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It is on the desk. HggZoh^blkygZiZjl_ It is in (\) the tent. It is on (gZ) the peg. It is in the terrace>[email protected] It is in the net. It is in the can. It is on the peg too>[email protected] lh`_. It is on the shelf. It is on the bed. He >K,@ is on the bench.

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ih-Zg]ebckdb I see cream>NU,[email protected] We see tea>W,@ They>'H*@see bean>E,[email protected] I see a key>N,@ She sees a seal >V,[email protected] He sees a tree>WU,@ Pete sees a sea>V,@ Steve sees an eagle>,[email protected] Eve sees a seat>V,[email protected] He sees people in the street>VWU,[email protected]

Mjhd 5

Lesson five

*W *]@ >PD*@

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L_i_jvijhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbykwlbfbkeh\Zfb ih-jmkkdb WlhfhcjZaf_j Wlhfhcklbev Hgg_ribhg HgZhq_gvobljZy WlZmebpZrbjhdZy G_[hdjZkb\h_k_]h^gy :gyhq_gvaZkl_gqb\Zy Yex[exfhjh`_gh_ KdZ`bDZl_©^hk\b^Zgbyª Wlhl]ZeklmddjZkb\uc Wlhg_ijZ\^Zeh`v  Fg_gjZ\blkywlhlibjh`hd Dhlhjuc qZk? Wlhfhc[mfZ`gucaf_c

ih-Zg]ebckdb It is my size. It is my style. He is not a spy. She is very sly. The street is wide. The sky is nice today>W-gGH*@ Ann is very shy. I like ice-cream. Say Kate bye-bye. The tie is fine. It is a lie. I like this>'*[email protected]pie. What time is it? It is my kite.





39

Mjhd 6

Lesson six

IjhqblZcl_m`_agZdhfu_\Zfkeh\Z big in a dish mittens winter a kitten little a mirror a tie dye a pie a lie they

>E*[email protected] [hevrhc >*[email protected] \ >G*[email protected] [ex^h >fP*W-Q]@ \Zj_`db >fZ*[email protected] abfZabfgbc >N*[email protected] dhl_ghd >[email protected] fZe_gvdbc >fP*[email protected] a_jdZeh >WD*@ ]Zeklmd >GD*@ djZkdZ >SD*@ ibjh`hd >OD*@ eh`vg_ijZ\^Z >'H*@ hgb (bf)

a bag a hat a cap an apple a pad bad a stamp a lamp green a fan a mat a sack need (not)

>E;[email protected] kmfdZ >K;[email protected] reyiZ >N;[email protected] d_idZ >;[email protected] y[ehdh >S;[email protected] [ehdghl >E;[email protected] iehohc >VW;[email protected] fZjdZ >O;[email protected] eZfiZ >JU,[email protected] a_e_guc >I;[email protected] \_glbeylhj >P;[email protected] dh\jbd >V;[email protected] f_rhd >Q,[email protected] gm`ghg_gm` gh

IjhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbykwlbfbkeh\Zfb ih-jmkkdb Fg_gm`gh[hevrh_[ex^h GZfgm`gu\Zj_`db Fg_gm`_gdjZkgucdh\jbd Bfgm`_gfZe_gvdbcdhlzghd GZfgm`_gy[ehqgucibjh] Fg_gm`gZabfgyyrZidZ ?fmgm`_g[ehdghl ?cgm`gZa_ezgZyeZfiZ I_l_gm`_g\_glbeylhj ?\_gm`gZfZjdZ Klb\mgm`gha_jdZeh ?fmg_gm`gh]h\hjblvg_ijZ\^m  

40 

ih-Zg]ebckdb I need a big dish. We need mittens. I need a red mat. They need a little kitten. We need an apple pie. I need a winter hat. He needs a pad. She needs a green lamp. Pete needs a fan. Eve needs a stamp. Steve needs a mirror. He need not say a lie.

Mjhd 7 Lesson seven >[email protected] Ijhqlbl_m`_agZdhfu_\Zfkeh\Zk[md\hcO o >[email protected] wm >[email protected] ^hjh]Z a nose >Q-X]@ ghk a road >[email protected] eh^dZ a stone >[email protected] dZf_gv a boat >[email protected] >[email protected] fueh a hole ghjZ[_jeh]Z soap >[email protected] iZevlh a rope >[email protected] \_jz\dZ a coat >U-X]@ >[email protected] a rose jhaZ an oak ^m[ >[email protected] >[email protected] [Zlhg a pole klhe[ a loaf >[email protected] khnZ^b\Zg >[email protected] m]hev a sofa coal >[email protected] hldjulZ >[email protected] dhaZ open a goat  may be >PH*E,@ fh`_l[ulvfh]ml[ulv IjhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbykhkeh\Zfb may be ih-jmkkdb ih-Zg]ebckdb Ghkfh`_l[ulv^ebgguf long A nose may be < dhjhldbf short >[email protected] DZf_gvfh`_l[ulv[hevrbf big A stone may be < fZe_gvdbf little ;_jeh]Zfh`_l[ulv]em[hdhc deep A hole may be < g_]em[hdhc not deep )*[email protected] A pole may be < thin >)*[email protected] KhnZfh`_l[ulvfy]dhc`zkldhc A sofa may be soft, hard >\_jvfh`_l[ulvhldjulZ open A door >[email protected] may be < aZdjulZ closed >hjh]Zfh`_l[ulv^ebgghc long A road may be < dhjhldhc short Eh^dZfh`_l[ulv[hevrhc large >O%[email protected] A boat may be < fZe_gvdhc small >[email protected] Fuehfh`_l[ulvdjZkguf red Soap may be < a_ezguf green IZevlhfh`_l[ulvabfgbf winter A coat may be < \_k_ggbf spring >m[fh`_l[ulvfheh^ufklZjuf young An oak may be < old 

41

Mjhd 8

Lesson eight >H*[email protected]

Ijhqlbl_m`_agZdhfu_\Zfkeh\Zk]eZkghc[md\hcO o >[email protected] wm\ aZdjulhfkeh]_ >[email protected] a dog >[email protected] kh[ZdZ shorts rhjlu >[email protected] >[email protected] a pot [ZgdZdhl_ehd a lock aZfhd >[email protected] a clock >[email protected] qZkugZklhevgu_ a bottle [mluedZ >[email protected] >[email protected] ^_lkdZydjh\ZldZ a doll dmdeZ a cot >[email protected] ey]mrdZ a block >[email protected] dm[bd a frog >[email protected] >;[email protected] bZ soft fy]dbc and (a) toy >W2*@ b]jmrdZ, a pocket >fS2N*[email protected] dZjfZg  >[email protected] oehihd b]jmr_qguc cotton >fOHWP,fWH*[email protected] iha\hevl_jZaj_rbl_ fg_\aylv let me take IjhqblZcl_k\ujZ`_gb_fij_^eh`_gbylet me take ih-jmkkdb ih-Zg]ebckdb Iha\hevl_fg_\aylvfhxkh[Zdm Let me take my >PD*@ dog. Iha\hevl_fg_\aylvfhbqZku Let me take my clock. Iha\hevl_fg_\aylvfhxdmdemb Let me take my doll and the block.

dm[bd

Iha\hevl_fg_\aylvb]jmrdm\fhzf dZjfZg_ Iha\hevl_fg_\aylvfy]db_oehidh\u_ rhjlu Iha\hevl_fg_\aylvwlhlaZfhd Iha\hevl_fg_\aylv[mluedmfhehdZ Iha\hevl_fg_\aylvwlmb]jmr_qgmx a_ezgmxey]mrdm



Let me take a toy in my pocket. Let me take my soft cotton shorts. Let me take the lock. Let me take a bottle of >[email protected] milk. Let me take the toy green frog.

Mjhd 9 Lesson nine Ijhqlbl_m`_agZdhfu_\Zfkeh\Zk]eZkghc[md\hcU u>[email protected]x\ hldjulhfkeh]_ >fWM9O*[email protected] lxeviZg a pupil >[email protected] mq_gbd a tulip >[email protected] tune f_eh^by a student >[email protected] klm^_gl >[email protected] >fWM9Q*@ a tube lx[bd tuny f_eh^bqguc >fPM9]*[email protected] fmaudZ >[email protected] music a suit dhklxf >M9]@ >[email protected] to use bkihevah\Zlv juice khd >[email protected] >fG=9V*@ use ihevaZ juicy khqguc >fPHU*@ >K*]@ merry \_k_euc his _]h a tutor >[email protected] j_i_lblhj nuisance >[email protected] gZ^h_^eb\uc to amuse >-gPM9]@ jZa\e_dZlv to excuse >*NVgNM9]@ ba\bgylv 42 

IjhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbykwlbfbkeh\Zfb ih-jmkkdb ih-Zg]ebckdb Dhey - mq_gbd. Nick is a pupil. ?]hk_kljZ-klm^_gldZ His sister is a student. Lufh`_rvihevah\Zlvkyfh_c You >[email protected] may use >M9]@ my pen. jmqdhc Yex[ex\_kzemxfmaudm I like merry music. Luf_gykf_rbrv You amuse me. Y^he`_gba\bgblvkyaZhiha^Zgb_ I must excuse for my coming late. LxeviZg-djZkb\ucp\_lhd A tulip is a nice flower >[email protected] WlhldhklxfdZdjZa^eyf_gy This >'*[email protected] suit is just >G=/[email protected] for me. Y[ehqguckhdhq_gvihe_aguc Apple juice is very usefull >[email protected] Hghq_gvgZ^h_^eb\uc He is very nuisance >[email protected] M:gb_klvj_i_lblhj Ann has >K;]@ a tutor. WlZfmaudZ\_kzeZybf_eh^bqgZy This music is merry and tuny. Mjhd 10 Lesson ten Ijhqlbl_agZdhfu_keh\Z\dhlhjuo]eZkgZy[md\ZU u >[email protected] xklhbl\ aZdjulhfkeh]_ >G/[email protected] >E/[email protected] dust iuev]jyav a bun [mehqdZ >N/[email protected] >fV/[email protected] to cut j_aZlv supper m`bg a puppy >fS/S*@ s_ghd a rubber >fU/[email protected] j_abgdZeZklbd >EU/[email protected] >W-WU/[email protected] ^h\_jylv a brush szldZ to trust >W-fV/[email protected] khkZlv a button >E/[email protected] dghidZ to suck >fN/[email protected] kfhjh^bgZ to button >W-fE/[email protected] aZkl_]gmlv currant  >fN/[email protected] l_q_gb_ im]h\bpm current >fE/[email protected] keb\hqgh_fZkeh lunch >O/[email protected] \lhjhcaZ\ljZd butter >N/[email protected] >J/[email protected] a cup qZrdZ a gun jm`vz >NU/[email protected] summer >fV/[email protected] e_lhe_lgbc a crust dhjdZ >P/[email protected] >f/[email protected] must ^he`_g under ih^ >7/[email protected] >E/[email protected] to shut aZdjulv but gh >WU/[email protected] >GU/[email protected] a truck ]jmah\bd drug e_dZjkl\h >Q/[email protected] >G/[email protected] a nut hj_o a duck mldZ >SO/[email protected] >fU/E*[email protected] a plum keb\Z rubbish fmkhj >/[email protected] >P/][email protected] fhj^Z us gZfgZk muzzle gZfhj^gbd 

43

Ijhqlbl_ij_^eh`_gbykwlbfbkeh\Zfb ih-jmkkdb Y^he`_gijhl_j_lviuevkfh_]h ibkvf_ggh]hklheZ Hg^he`_gaZdjulvk\h_]hs_gdZ Fu^he`gu_klvqzjgmx kfhjh^bgmWlhihe_agh^eygZk Hg\h^bl]jmah\bd M`_\j_fy^ey\lhjh]haZ\ljZdZ GZj_`vg_fgh]hfykZ^eyfh_]h s_gdZih`ZemcklZ >Zcfg_eZklbdih`ZemcklZ AZkl_]gbl\hbim]h\bpu Yex[exkeb\hqgh_fZkeh >Zcfg_qZrdm]hjyq_]hfhehdZ Fg_ oheh^gh. Ihqbklbk\hcdhklxf Iha\hevfg_\aylvhj_obbkeb\u Y\_jxl_[_ Fhcdhlzghdkhkzlfhehdh. WlZdhjdZhq_gvl\zj^Zy >Zcfg_b]jmr_qgh_jm`vz ih`ZemcklZ FhydbkdZih^fh_cdjh\Zlvx Yk_[yqm\kl\mxg_ohjhrh>Zc fg_e_dZjkl\h_kebfh`_rv Y\b`mfmkhjih^khnhc

ih-Zg]ebckdb I must dust my desk. He must shut his puppy. We must eat black currant. It is good for us. He drives a truck. It is time for lunch. Cut some >V/[email protected] meat for my puppy please. Give >J*[email protected] me a rubber please. Button up your >[email protected] buttons. I like butter. Give me a cup of >[email protected]hot milk. I am cold >[email protected] Brush your suit. Let me take nuts and plums. I trust you >[email protected] My kitten sucks milk. This >'*[email protected] crust is very hard. Give >J*[email protected] me a toy >W2*@ gun please. My pussy >SXV*@ - cat is under my bed. I am not well. Give me some drug, if you can. I see rubbish under the sofa.

Fu m`_ ]h\hjbeb h lhf qlh r_klv ]eZkguo \ ihqlb iheh\bg_ Zg]ebckdbo keh\ qblZxlky ih ijZ\bem hldjulh]h b aZdjulh]h keh]Z >jm]mx iheh\bgm keh\ \u kfh`_l_ ijhq_klv _keb ihagZdhfbl_kv k l_f dZd qblZxlky khq_lZgby ^\mo ljzo q_lujzo b iylb [md\ Ijbklmibf d agZdhfkl\mkgbfbBohdheh



44 

D:DQBL:XLKYKHQ?L:GBY 2-o-o-ob-lb;MD< GZihfgx: i_j\h_ \lhjh_ lj_lv_ q_l\zjlh_

qlh[ugZmqblvkyqblZlvih-Zg]ebckdbgZ^h -agZlvijZ\beZql_gby]eZkguo\q_lujzolbiZokeh]h\ -agZlvijZ\beZql_gby[_am^Zjguo]eZkguo -agZlvagZdbZg]ebckdhcljZgkdjbipbbbo  -agZlvdZdqblZxlkykhq_lZgby^\moljzoq_lujzob iylb[md\

1. ;md\hkh- ee q_lZgby ea see sea clean tea mean treat feed beast beat cheap cheek cheese deep free freeze green heat heater appeal 

> a\mqZldZd

>,@

>V,@ \b`m >V,@ fhj_ >NO,[email protected] qbklucqbklblv >W,@ qZc >P,[email protected] agZqblvhagZqZlv >WU,[email protected] e_qblv >I,[email protected] dhjfblv >E,[email protected] a\_jv >E,[email protected] [blv >W7,[email protected] ^_r_\uc >W7,[email protected] s_dZ >W7,]@ kuj >G,[email protected] ]em[hdh]em[hdbc >IU,@ k\h[h^guc >IU,]@ aZf_jaZlv >JU,[email protected] a_ezguc >K,[email protected] `ZjZ >K,[email protected] gZ]j_\Zl_evgucijb[hj >-gS,[email protected] ijbau\

Bkdexq_gb_i_j\h_\-okeh\Zo [md\hkhq_lZgb_³ea´a\mqZldZd>H*@ \_ebdbch]jhfguc great >JUH*[email protected] >EUH*[email protected] break i_j_ju\bgl_j\Ze steak >VWH*[email protected] dmkhd (fykZ) 

Bkdexq_gb_\lhjh_[md\hkhq_lZgb_ “ea” d     i_j_^ th a\mqbldZd>[email protected]w j_`_ l >[email protected]     >[email protected] \i_jz^\i_j_^b ahead >[email protected] mklhcqb\uc stead >[email protected] dead fzjl\uc >GH)@ kf_jlv death >[email protected] oe_[ bread  

threaten spread leather weather feather health healthy wealth wealthy meadow thread stealthy instead threaten tread treadle 

>)[email protected] m]jh`Zlv >[email protected] jZkijhkljZgylv >COH'[email protected] dh`Zguc >fZH'[email protected] ih]h^Z >IH'[email protected] i_jh (ilbqv_) >KHO)@ a^hjh\v_ >fKHO)*@ a^hjh\uc >ZHO)@ [h]Zlkl\h >fZHO)*@ [h]Zluc >[email protected]em] >)[email protected] gbldZ >VWHO)*@ lZcguc >*[email protected] \f_klh >)[email protected] m]jh`Zlv >[email protected] ihoh^dZrZ]Zlv >[email protected] i_^Zev

2. ;md\hkhq_lZgb_ `ar ih^m^Zj_gb_f a\mqbldZd>%@ Z wlhlj_lbclbikeh]Z park farm far party card harm start parcel arm dark mark car scarf large garden star    

>S%[email protected] >I%[email protected] >I%@ >fS%W*@ >N%[email protected] >K%[email protected] >VW%[email protected] >S%[email protected] >%[email protected] >G%[email protected] >P%[email protected] >N%@ >VN%[email protected] >O%[email protected] >J%[email protected] >VW%@

iZjd n_jfZ ^Ze_dh hljy^\_q_jbgdZ dZjlhqdZdZjlZ \j_^, aeh gZqZehgZqbgZlv ihkuedZ jmdZ\ky l_fghlzfguc hp_gdZhlf_ldZ fZrbgZ rZjn [hevrhc kZ^ a\_a^Z

45

3.

5. ;md\hkhq_lZgb_or ih^m^Zj_gb_f qblZ_lkydZd >[email protected] h wlhlj_lbclbikeh]Z

corn or for force forest pork port fork form horse morn morse

>[email protected] a_jgh >[email protected] beb >[email protected] ^eyjZ^b >[email protected] kbeZ >fI3U*[email protected] e_k >[email protected] k\bgbgZ >[email protected] ihjl >[email protected] \bedZ >[email protected] nhjfZ\g_rgbc\b^ >[email protected] ehrZ^v >[email protected] mljh >[email protected] fhj`

4. Ex[Zybake_^mxsbo-o]eZkguo e >,@ i_j_^[md\hc i >D*@ r >%@ ih^m^Zj_gb_f u >[email protected] qblZ_lkydZd >[email protected] z y >ZD*@ wlhlj_lbclbikeh]Z girl her hurt nurse firm fir fur bird sturdy first dirt dirty turn curd curl herb herd burn nerve 

46 

>[email protected] ^_\hqdZ >[email protected] _z, _c >[email protected] [hev, jZgZmrb[Zlv >[email protected] f_^k_kljZgygy >[email protected] dj_idbcl\zj^uc >[email protected] _ev_eh\h_^_j_\h >[email protected] f_ordmjZr_jklv >[email protected] ilbpZ >fVW.G*@ dj_idbca^hjh\uc >[email protected] i_j\uc >[email protected] ]jyav >fG.W*@ ]jyaguc >[email protected] ih\hjZqb\Zlv >[email protected] l\hjh] >[email protected] aZ\b\Zlv\hehku >[email protected] ljZ\ZjZkl_gb_ >[email protected] klZ^h >[email protected] k`b]Zlv >[email protected] g_j\(u)

[email protected] d bebc i_j_^kgbdh]^Zg_qblZ_lky >EO;[email protected] qzjguc black >V;[email protected] sack f_rhd >S;[email protected] pack iZd_l iZqdZklZy >fG=;N*[email protected] dmjldZ jacket >O*[email protected] ebaZlv lick >V/[email protected] khkZlv\iblu\Zlv suck >O/[email protected] m^ZqZkqZklv_ luck >E;[email protected] back kibgZgZaZ^ >[email protected] dm[bdd\ZjlZe block >[email protected] qZkugZklhevgu_ clock >G/[email protected] duck mldZ >S*[email protected] ih^[bjZlvih^gylv pick >fS2N*[email protected] dZjfZg pocket 6. ;md\hkhq_lZgby ch btch qblZxlkydZd >[email protected] q lunch chips bench chain witch teach rich peach porch watch chicken chin church chip match French hunch fetch        

>O/[email protected] >W7*[email protected] >[email protected] >W7H*[email protected] >Z*[email protected] >W,[email protected] >U*[email protected] >S,[email protected] >[email protected] >[email protected] >fW7*N*[email protected] >W7*[email protected] >[email protected] >W7*[email protected] >P;[email protected] >[email protected] >K/[email protected] >[email protected]

\lhjhcaZ\ljZd qbikuehflbdb eZ\dZkdZf_cdZ p_iv \_^vfZ, dhe^mgvy h[mqZlv^jm]bo [h]Zluc i_jkbd djuevphih^t_a^ qZkugZjmqgu_ puie_ghd ih^[hjh^hd p_jdh\v ehflbd, s_idZ fZlq, kibqdZ njZgpmakdbc ]hj[, ]hj[blvky hqZjh\u\Zlv

7.

she shelf short shape sharp shark shame shine ship sheep shirt shop shut shake 

;md\hkhq_lZgb_sh qblZ_lkydZd>[email protected] r >7,@ hgZ >[email protected] ihedZ >[email protected] dhjhldbc >7H*[email protected] nhjfZ >7%[email protected] hkljuc >7%[email protected] ZdmeZ >7H*[email protected] klu^ihahj >7D*[email protected] k\_lblv[e_kl_lv >7*[email protected] dhjZ[ev >7,[email protected] h\pZ, h\pu >[email protected] jm[ZrdZ >[email protected] fZ]Zabgp_ofZkl_jkdZy >7/[email protected] aZdju\Zlv >7H*[email protected] ljyklbdZqZlv

8. sk a\mqbldZd ss >%@Z st sp >I%[email protected] kdhjuc[ukljh fast >O%[email protected] ijhreuc^eblvky last >S%[email protected] ijhreucfbfh past >JU%[email protected] ko\Zlblvk`Zlv grasp >JO%[email protected] kl_dehklZdZg glass >%[email protected] ask kijZrb\Zlv >P%[email protected] fZkdZkdju\Zlv mask >fQ%VW*@ fjZqgucaeh[guc nasty >S%[email protected] pass ijhclbfbfh >fE%VN*[email protected] basket dhjabgZ >JU%[email protected] ljZ\Z grass master >fP%[email protected] ohaybgh\eZ^_lv Bkdexq_gby: >;[email protected] ass hkze >O;[email protected] lass ^_\hqdZ plastic >fSO;[email protected]ieZklbdh\uc ;md\Z D>H*@ i_j_^

9. ;md\Z a>H*@ bath path father    

i_j_^ a\mqbl [md\hkhq_lZgb_f dZd th >%@Z >E%)@ \ZggZ >S%[email protected] ljhibgdZ >fI%'[email protected] iZiZ

>fU%'[email protected] ^h\hevgh rather > O%'[email protected] fueblvky lather Gh[u\Zxlbkdexq_gbyGZijbf_j >fEH*'[email protected] dmiZxsbcky bather >fEH*)[email protected] ]em[bgZ[_a^gZ bathos 10. i_j_^ a\mqbldZd [md\hkhq_lZgby fb nce a >H*@ >%@ Z nch >JO%[email protected] [e_kd, k\_jdZlv glance >WU%[email protected] \heg_gb_kbevgh_ trance >IU%[email protected] NjZgpby France >G%[email protected] lZgp_\Zlv dance >W7%[email protected] kemqZc chance >EO%[email protected] [_eblv[e_^g_lv blanch branch >EU%[email protected] \_ldZjmq__d >O%[email protected] dhivz lance >SU%[email protected] \Z`gbqZlv prance advance >-GCY%[email protected] mki_okkm^Z ;md\Z

11. ;md\Z i_j_^ g_qblZ_lky k >NH*@ n >[email protected] lh_klvknqblZxlky>[email protected] >Q,@ k nee dhe_gh >QD*[email protected] gh` k nife k nock >[email protected] m^Zjk[blv >Q;[email protected] \_jrbgZohef k nap k nave >QH*[email protected] h[fZgsbd k nitted >fQ*W*[email protected] \yaZguc >[email protected] dghidZ k nob 12. ;md\hkhq_lZgb_

ng

a\mqbldZd>[email protected] g

>VSU*[email protected] \_kgZ spring >U*[email protected] ring dhevph >EU*[email protected] bring ijbghkblv morning >fP3Q*[email protected] mljh >[email protected] long ^ebgguc >[email protected] song i_kgy >f,YQ*[email protected] \_q_j evening >O*[email protected] ling fhjkdZysmdZ

strong

>[email protected]

kbevgucdj_idbc

47



13. ;md\Z

i_j_^ qZs_\k_]ha\mqbldZd  O>[email protected] >[email protected]h D>H*@  OO>HO[email protected] >[email protected] \k_\kz all >[email protected] hall aZe, ohee >[email protected] ball fyq, rZj, [Ze >[email protected] kl_gZ wall >[email protected] tall \ukhdbc >[email protected] small fZe_gvdbc >[email protected] call a\hgblvgZau\Zlv >[email protected] fall iZ^Zlv >[email protected] pall ihdjh\fZglby H*@ alley valley valuta alarm alar alien

i_j_^ l>[email protected] l l >HO[email protected]

fh`_l a\mqZlv ihjZaghfm

>f;O*@ Zee_y >Y;O*@ ^hebgZ >Y%gOXW%@ \ZexlZ >-gO%[email protected] lj_\h]Z >fH*[email protected] djueZluc >fH*[email protected] bghkljZg_p

14. ;md\hkhq_lZgb_ gZau\Z_lkyfzjl\uf, lZddZd[md\ugh gh >G=,H*[email protected] ibrmlky ghg_qblZxlky ;md\Z

klhysZyi_j_^

i >D*@

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hi gh . ni gh t fli gh t fi gh t ri gh t li gh t bri gh t bi gh t fri gh t mi gh t si gh t ti gh t    

48 

>KD*@ >QD*[email protected] >IOD*[email protected] >ID*[email protected] >UD*[email protected] >OD*[email protected] >EUD*[email protected] >ED*[email protected] >IUD*[email protected] >PD*[email protected] >VD*[email protected] >WD*[email protected]

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IjhqblZcl_ ij_^eh`_gby IhklZjZcl_kv h[tykgblv ih dZdhfm ijZ \bem qblZxlky ih^qzjdgmlu_ [md\u GZc^bl_ \ dgb]_ kljZgbpm ]^_ ^Zgu wlbijZ\beZ >gb\_kghchq_gv^ebggu_ Days in spring are >%@very long. I eat yogurt > [email protected] in the morning Y_fch]mjlmljhfb\_q_jhf and in the evening. My father takes photo of me very of- Fhc iZiZ nhlh]jZnbjm_l f_gy ten. hq_gvqZklh Balls for little children are bright. Fyqb^eyfZe_gvdbo^_l_cyjdb_ Our house is very high. GZr^hfhq_gv\ukhdbc My sister likes bright tights. Fhyk_kljZex[blyjdb_dhe]hldb The hall in our flat is very small. Ijboh`Zy \ gZr_c d\Zjlbj_ hq_gv fZe_gvdZy All my friends go to school on foot. I [email protected] the radio > UH*G*[email protected] GZihfgx: -1-

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;md\hkhq_lZgb_ -igh >D*G=,H*[email protected] lh_klv gh >KD*@ high . >EUD*[email protected] bright >WD*[email protected] tights >UD*[email protected] right >QD*[email protected] night >OD*[email protected] light

a\mqbldZd >D*@Zc g_qblZxlky \ukhdbc yjdbcgZjy^guc dhe]hldb \_jghijZ\bevgh ghqv k\_l(euc)

IjhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbyIhklZjZcl_kvh[tykgblvihdZdbfijZ\b eZf qblZxlky ih^qzjdgmlu_ [md\u GZc^bl_ kljZgbpm ]^_ wlb ijZ\beZ h[tykg_gu There are >'([email protected]many green trees in JUH*[email protected] Britain >EU*[email protected] is the N/QWU*@ where people speak ex^b]h\hjylih-Zg]ebckdb English. Most >[email protected] people eat bread every ;hevrbgkl\hex^_c_^yloe_[dZ` ^uc^_gv > HYU*@ day. Breakfast is our first meal. AZ\ljZd-gZrZi_j\Zy_^Z I like to ask questions >NZHVW7*[email protected] Yex[exaZ^Z\Zlv\hijhku Take a chance! qZs_\k_]h ea

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71

IjhqblZcl_ ke_^mxsb_ ij_^eh`_gby IhklZjZcl_kv h[tykgblv ql_ gb_ih^qzjdgmluo[md\ My face is round. We live >O*[email protected] in the centre of the town. Children and many adults like to go to the circus > [email protected]very much. I can draw >[email protected]a circle >[email protected] I am ready >UHG*@to eat ice-cream day and night >QD*[email protected] We study > VW/G*@the basic course of English reading. Germany > G=.P-Q*@ and France >IU%[email protected] are >%@in Europe > [email protected] I never >[email protected]eat garlic. There is everything > HYU*)*[email protected] in Greece, people say. Gold >[email protected]is a nice yellow > [email protected] metal >[email protected] GZihfgx ;md\Z c >V,@

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ice icy lace face pace Greece

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Gh[u\Zxlbkdexq_gbyGZijbf_j >[email protected] hd_Zg ocean A^_kvc>V,@i_j_^ e>,@qblZ_lkydZd >[email protected]  

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;md\u hq_gvqZklh a\mqZldZd >[email protected] >[email protected] Zm ou ow >RXG/[email protected] round town pound bound sound

>[email protected] djm]hf\hdjm] >[email protected] ]hjh^g_[hevrhc >[email protected] nmgl Zg]ebckdb_^_gv]b >[email protected] ]jZgbpZij_^_e >[email protected] a\mda\mqZlv [email protected] ou >[email protected] dmjk course >[email protected] i_qZeblvky]hj_\Zlv mourn >[email protected] bklhqgbd source

IjhqblZcl_ ij_^eh`_gby ihklZjZcl_kv h[tykgblv ih dZdhfm ijZ \bem qblZxlky ih^qzjdgmlu_ [md\u GZc^bl_ \ dgb]_ kljZgbpm ]^_ wlb ijZ\beZbaeh`_gu 

China > W7D*[email protected] is the largest country > N/QWU*@ in the world. I can see black ducks on the pond near >Q*[email protected] my house >[email protected] When >[email protected] I go shopping with >Z*'@ my mammy I put >[email protected] my shopping bag on my back. My father > I%'[email protected] shaves his cheeks every > HYU*@ morning. Is it good to be rich? -Yes, I think it is good to be rich if you are clever >[email protected] kind >ND*[email protected] and strong. The telephone >[email protected] is on the shelf in my room. There are many photos >CIRXWRX]@ in this album > ;[email protected]

DblZc - kZfZy [hevrZy kljZgZ \ fbj_ Yfh]m\b^_lvqzjguomlhdgZijm ^mhdhehgZr_]h^hfZ Dh]^Z y b^m \ fZ]Zabg k fh_c fZ fhc y gZ^_\Zx fhx kmfdm ^ey ih dmihdgZkibgm Fhc iZiZ [j__l k\hb szdb dZ`^h_ mljh Ohjhrh[ulv[h]Zluf" >Z ^mfZx qlh ohjhrh [ulv [h]Z luf _keb lu mfguc ^h[juc b kbevguc L_e_nhggZoh^blkygZihed_\fh_c dhfgZl_ D*@

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73

IjhqblZcl_ ij_^eh`_gby KdZ`bl_ ih dZdbf ijZ\beZf qblZxlky ih^qzjdgmlu_[md\uGZc^bl_\dgb]_kljZgbpu]^_wlbijZ\beZh[tykg_ gu Yg_fh]m]h\hjblvih-Zg]ebckdb [ukljh There are >%@ many plants in our [email protected]garden. Pupils write with chalk on the black- Mq_gbdbibrmlf_ehfgZ^hkd_ board. To write dictations >G*N WH*7Q]@ in IbkZlv^bdlZgluih-Zg]ebckdbg_ e_]dh English is not easy. A calf >N%[email protected] is a baby of a cow L_ezghd-wlh^_lzgurdhjh\u >[email protected] All my friends learn>[email protected]English. O;1Z*[email protected] for me. My native lan- ^eyf_gyFhcjh^ghcyaud-jmk kdbc guage is Russian. A lamb is a baby of a sheep. ;ZjZr_d-^_lzgurh\pu My grandfather has grey hair. Mfh_]h^_^mrdbk_^u_\hehku A worm looks like a little snake. Q_j\ydihoh`gZfZe_gvdmxaf_x Hg`b\zl\a_fe_ It lives in the ground. When the tiger roars all animals Dh]^Zlb]jjuqbl\k_a\_jbgZqb > ;Q*P-O]@start running. gZxl[_`Zlv Our teacher is very kind. GZrZmqbl_evgbpZhq_gv^h[jZy M:eeuIm]Zqz\hcij_djZkguc]h Alla Pugacheva has a nice voice. ehk This boy has many toys. Mwlh]hfZevqbdZfgh]hb]jmr_d I drink one>Z/[email protected]litre of juice every Y\uib\Zxh^bgebljkhdZdZ`^uc ^_gv day.

I kan't speak English fast.



Ih^mfZ_f \f_kl_: kdhevdh ijZ\be ql_gby \ keh\_ stylish > VWD*O*[email protected] fh^guc" ZD*@ kvzré€zvuxsvmn·qzjnzx¹rjr >D*@ Zc >*@ b L>D*@ tnwvlyljéntqnu·qzjnzx¹rjr 2 r‚}mÈ 3  74 

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IjhqblZcl_ ke_^mxsb_ ij_^eh`_gby IhklZjZcl_kv h[tykgblv ih dZdhfmijZ\bemqblZxlkyih^qzjdgmlu_[md\uGZc^bl_\dgb]_kljZgb pu ]^_ wlb ijZ\beZ h[tykgyxlky Ihkdhevdm g_dhlhju_ keh\Z ljm^gu \ ijhbaghr_gbbhgb^Zgu\ljZgkdjbipbb F_gyah\mlN_ebdk My name is Felix>I,O*[email protected] I like planes. Yex[exkZfhezlu

[email protected] FZj]ZjbldZ-hq_gvdjZkb\ucp\_lhd Let us mend the tap. >Z\Zcl_ihqbgbfdjZg ^ey\h^u  We are>%@in the first grade. Fu\i_j\hfdeZkk_ My school-bag is black. Fhcrdhevgucihjln_evqzjguc My wish is to read English > *1JO*[email protected] Fhz`_eZgb_-qblZlvih-Zg]ebckdb ohjhrh well. Spain is a very > YHU*@ interesting BkiZgby-hq_gvbgl_j_kgZykljZgZ > *QWU*VW*[email protected]country> N/QWU*@ This lamp is red. WlZeZfiZdjZkgZy I am not sad today. Yg_]jmklguck_]h^gy This is an Englishman. Wlhlfm`qbgZ-Zg]ebqZgbg Ih^mfZ_f\f_kl_:kdhevdhijZ\beql_gby\keh\_wish >Z*[email protected]`_eZgb_" *@ b 1 r‚}mÈ i >D*@ \aZdjulhfkeh]_qblZ_lkydZd >[email protected] r 2 ;md\hkhq_lZgb_ sh qblZ_lkydZd IjhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbyKdZ`bl_dZdb_baih^qzjdgmluo[md\hkh q_lZgbc\ufh`_l_e_]dhh[tykgblv Hjze-hq_gvkbevgZyilbpZ Y_fljbjZaZ\^_gv Fhbf^jmavyfgjZ\blkyqblZlvihZg]ebckdb Ibkvf_ggucklhe\fh_cdhfgZl_ dhjbqg_\uc The end of the film is happy. Dhg_pwlh]hnbevfZkqZkleb\uc It is not easy to speak English. G_e_]dh]h\hjblvih-Zg]ebckdb We cannot speak French. Fug_fh`_f]h\hjblvihnjZgpmakdb There are > '([email protected] no leaves in the GZ^_j_\vyog_lebklv_\K_cqZk abfZ trees. It is winter now.

The eagle is a very strong bird. I eat three times a day. My friends >IUHQG]@ like to read English. The desk in my room is brown.



75

Mammy, look! I see a sea. FZfZihkfhljbY\b`mfhj_ We try to speak English at our English FuiulZ_fky]h\hjblvihlessons. Zg]ebckdbgZgZrbomjhdZoZg]ebc kdh]hyaudZ My bed is at the wall. Fhydjh\Zlvklhblmkl_gu I can help you if you like. Yfh]mihfhqvl_[__kebohq_rv IjhqblZcl_ij_^eh`_gbyD*@  klhbl \ hldjulhf beb aZdjulhf keh]_ b h[tykgbl_ kdhevdh \ wlhf keh\_ijZ\beql_gby It is time to have >K;[email protected] dinner. I like when my teacher smiles.

IhjZ h[_^Zlv. Yex[exdh]^Zfhcmqbl_evmeu [Z_lky We are happy to get "fives" for Eng- FujZ^uihemqZlviyl_jdbihZg] lish. ebckdhfmyaudm My life is not very bad. Fhy`bagvg_lZdm`biehoZ Fields are >%@ white with snow in win- Ihey[_euhlkg_]Zabfhc ter. Today is Friday > IUD*G*@ K_]h^gy iylgbpZ. A lion is an angry and strong animal E_\-k_j^blucbkbevguca\_jvHg > ;Q*[email protected] It is the king of a forest. -dhjheve_kZ English is not very simple. :g]ebckdbcyaudg_hq_gvijhklhc ij_^f_l Pigs like to dig the ground. K\bgvbex[yldhiZlva_fex Who likes pies very much? Dlhhq_gvex[blibjh`db" Sit still, please. Kb^bkihdhcghih`ZemcklZ Are >%@ you >[email protected] single at home to- Luh^bg^hfZk_]h^gy" day? 

IjhqblZcl_ ij_^eh`_gby H[tykgbl_ ih dZdbf ijZ\beZf qblZxlky ih^qzjdgmlu_[md\u Many > PHQ*@ dogs like to dig bones Fgh]b_kh[Zdbex[ylaZju\Zlvdhk lb\a_fex into the ground. Can you open the door, please? G_fh][uluhldjulv^\_jv" My winter coat is soft. Fhzabfg__iZevlhfy]dh_ Frogs often >[email protected] sit on logs. Ey]mrdbqZklhkb^ylgZ[jz\gZo I can see a big hole in this tree. Yfh]m\b^_lv[hevrh_^mieh\ wlhf^_j_\_

76 

There is much soft yellow sand on the GZ[_j_]mfhjyfgh]hfy]dh]h`ze coast of >[email protected] the sea. lh]hi_kdZ The clock on my desk is black and QZkugZfhzfibkvf_gghfklhe_ brown. q_jgh-dhjbqg_\u_ An ostrich is a very high bird. KljZmk-hq_gv\ukhdZyilbpZ I drink one >Z/[email protected] bottle of black cur- Y\uib\Zxh^gm[mluedmkhdZqzj ghckfhjh^bgudZ`^uc^_gv rant juice >[email protected] every day. Ih^mfZ_f\f_kl_:kdhevdhijZ\beql_gby\keh\_currant > N/[email protected]kfh jh^bgZ" V,@ g_i_j_^e, i, y \k_]^Za\mqbldZd ;md\Zu >[email protected] \aZdjulhfkeh]_a\mqbldZd ex[u_^\_kh]eZkgu_klhysb_jy^hfa\mqZldZd rr h^gZ ;md\Za >H*@ g_ih^m^Zj_gb_f a\mqbldZd

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IjhqblZcl_ ij_^eh`_gby H[jZlbl_ \gbfZgb_ gZ lh dZd qblZ_lky [md\ZU u >[email protected]\hldjulhfbaZdjulhfkeh]ZoH[tykgbl_ql_gb_g_dhlh juokeh\gZ\Zr\u[hj Many pupils at our school learn >[email protected] English. The bulb in my lamp is very bright. I dust it every morning. We grow tulips in our >[email protected] garden.

Fgh]b_mq_gbdbgZr_crdheubam qZxlZg]ebckdbcyaud EZfihqdZ\fh_ceZfi_hq_gvyj dZyYijhlbjZx_zhliuebdZ`^h_ mljh Fu\ujZsb\Z_flxeviZgu\gZr_f kZ^m FhyklZjrZyk_kljZ-klm^_gldZ HgZbamqZ_lZg]ebckdbcbnjZgpma kdbcyaudb\k\hzfdhee_^`_ Fhbjh^bl_ebdmibebfg_gh\uc dhklxfHgk^_eZgbar_jklb I_ly-hq_gvhkljhmfgucfZevqbd. Hgfhc^jm] Y^h\_jyxfhbfjh^bl_eyf\h\kzf Hgbmfgu_b^h[ju_

My elder sister is a student. She learns English and French at her college > N2O*[email protected] My parents > S([email protected] bought >[email protected] me a new suit. It is made of wool. Pete is a very cute boy. He is my friend >[email protected] I trust my parents in everything > HYU*)*[email protected] They are >%@ clever and kind >ND*[email protected] Life without >Z*'[email protected] music is very @bagv[_afmaudbhq_gvkdmqgZy dull.



77

Ih^mfZ_f\f_kl_kdhevdhijZ\beql_gby\keh\_English > *1JO*[email protected] Zg] ebckdbc? D*@ g_ih^m^Zj_gb_fa\mqbldZd ;md\hkhq_lZgb_ sh qblZ_lkydZd Bkdexq_gb_: \aZdjulhfkeh]_a\mqbldZd ;md\Ze >,@ gha^_kva\mqbldZd

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IjhqblZcl_ ij_^eh`_gby WD*[email protected] is a very bad illness. Kuighclbn-hq_gviehoZy[h e_agv The sky is very blue >[email protected] today. G_[hhq_gv]hem[h_k_]h^gy I wash my hands and face, then I dry YfhxfhbjmdbbebphaZl_fy\u them. lbjZxbo The two-headed eagle is the symbol of >\m]eZ\uchjze-kbf\heJhkkbb Russia > U/[email protected] I try to fry nuts before >E* [email protected] eating YklZjZxkv`Zjblvhj_obi_j_^l_f dZdbo_klv > ,W*[email protected] them. My girl-friends are very shy. And I am Fhbih^jm`dbhq_gvaZkl_gqb\u_ shy too. Bylh`_aZkl_gqb\Zy

I like his style to speak. My mammy is very stylish. Not everybody > HYU*E2G*@ can type.

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78

Ihe_aghihqZs_h[jZsZlvkydgZqZemdgb]bqlh[u\kihfgblv • Zg]ebckdmxljZgkdjbipbxagZqdZ  • ijZ\beZql_gby]eZkguo\q_lujzolbiZokeh]h\ • khq_lZgby^\moljzoq_lujzobiylb[md\bo[hevr_  • ql_gb_]eZkguo[md\bo \[_am^Zjghfiheh`_gbb QZklh_ih\lhj_gb_\k_owlboijZ\bebijZdlbdZ\ql_gbb`_eZl_evgh^\mo blj_odjZlgh_ijhql_gb_h^gh]hblh]h`_l_dklZ ijb\_^zl\Zkdlhfmkh klhygbxdh]^Z\ukfh`_l_kdZaZlvI begin to read English. BlZd \u ihagZdhfbebkv k hkgh\gufb ijZ\beZfb ql_gby ihZg]ebckdbb[hevrbfdhebq_kl\hfijbf_jh\gZwlbijZ\beZQlh[uaZdj_ iblv wlb agZgby ihe_agh \aylv ex[h_ keh\h b k^_eZlv _]h nhg_lbq_kdbc ZgZebaLh_klvij_`^_q_fijhqblZlvkeh\hkdZaZlvkdhevdh\keh\_ijZ \beql_gbybdZdb_wlhijZ\beZ>_eZlvwlhfh`ghijbf_jghihlZdhfmh[ jZapm 1

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84

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85

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K_fbkeh`gu_keh\Zfh]mlbf_lv ljbm^Zj_gby autointoxication circumstantiality imperturbability incombustibility inexhaustibility automobilization inadaptability incompatibility indefensibility indivisibility intellectuality inconceivability incorruptibility

88

>3WRX*QW2NV* NH*[email protected] > V.N-PVW;Q7* ;O*W*@ > *PS.W-E- E*O*W*@ > *QN-PE/VW- E*O*W*@ > *Q*J]3VW- E*O*W*@ > 3W-PRXE*OD* ]H*[email protected] > *Q-G;SW- E*O*W*@ > *QN-PS;W- E*O*W*@ > *QG*IHQV- E*O*W*@ > *QG* Y*]* E*O*W*@ > *QW*OHNWMX ;O*W*@ > *QN-QV,Y- E*O*W*@ >*QN-U/SW- E*O*W*@

kZfhhljZ\e_gb_hj]ZgbafZ h[klhyl_evghklv g_\hafmlbfhklvkihdhckl\b_ g_\hkieZf_gy_fhklv g_bklhsbfhklv fhlhjbaZpby g_ijbkihkh[ey_fhklv g_kh\f_klbfhklv g_\hafh`ghklvaZsbsZlv g_^_ebfhklv bgl_ee_dlmZevghklv g_ihklb`bfhklv g_ih^dmighklv

K_fbkeh`gu_keh\Zfh]mlbf_lv ^\Zm^Zj_gby inmeasurability impenetrability impracticability

>*PH=-U- E*O*W*@ >*PSHQ*WU- E*O*W*@ >*PSU;NW*N- E*O*W*@

g_baf_jbfhklv g_ijhoh^bfhklv g_\uihegbfhklv

*QNRX;JM9O- E*O*W*@ > *QN-PHQ7-U- E*O*W*@ >*QN2PSU*KHQV- E*O*W*@

g_k\zjlu\Z_fhklv (djh\b) g_khbaf_jbfhklv g_ihgylghklv

Yaud-hq_gv`b\hchj]Zgbaf?^bgh]haZdhgZql_gbyfgh]hkeh`guokeh\ ijhklh g_ kms_kl\m_l Gh wlb ljbklZ keh\ dhlhju_ \u ijhqblZeb ihfh]ml m\b^_lvhij_^_ezggu_aZdhghf_jghklb\ql_gbbfgh]hkeh`guokeh\

89

Q:KLVU:G=EBCKDBOF?KLHBF?GBC Imlv \ Zg]ebckdmx ]jZffZlbdm g_ hq_gv dhjhldbc Gh b ^ebgguc imlv gZqbgZ_lky k i_j\h]h rZ]Z K^_eZ_f _]h b ih]h\hjbf h f_klhbf_gbyo F_klh bf_gby\Zg]ebckdhfyaud_^_eylkygZq_luj_jZajy^Z 1 Ebqgu_

2 3 4 Ijbly`Zl_evgu_ H[t_dlgu_ D*@ y my fhc mine me fg_f_gykhfghc myself ykZf You >[email protected] lu your l\hc yours you l_[_klh[hc yourself lukZf He hg his _]h his him _fm_]hkgbf himself hgkZf She hgZ her _z hers her _c_zkg_c herself hgZkZfZ It hghgZ its _]h its it _fm_c_]h itself hg kZf hghwlh _z kgbfkg_c hgZ kZfZ We fu our >[email protected] gZr ours us gZfgZkkgZfb ourselves fu kZfb You \u your >[email protected] \Zr yours you \Zf\Zkk\Z yourselves \u kZfb fb They >'H*@ hgb their >'([email protected] bo theirs them bfbokgbfb themselves hgb kZ fb AZf_lbf: ijbly`Zl_evgu_f_klhbf_gby[u\Zxlijhklu_bZ[khexlgu_. Bl_ b^jm]b_i_j_\h^ylkygZjmkkdbcyaudh^bgZdh\hKemqZbmihlj_[e_gby-jZagu_. Ijbf_ju Wlhfhyd\ZjlbjZZlZbo. This is my flat and that is theirs. Wlh_]hdgb]bZl__z These are his books and those are hers. This is our desk and that is yours. WlhgZrklheZlh\Zr. `hj^` ;Zcjhg/

Pay attention to details !!! H[jZsZc\gbfZgb_gZih^jh[ghklb 91

Lj_gbjh\hqgu_mijZ`g_gbygZmihlj_[e_gb_f_klhbf_gbc Ebqgu_

Personal pronouns >CSURXQDXQ]@

Ymq_gbdwlh]hdhee_^`Z Lufhc^jm] Hgg_\rdhe_k_cqZk HgZg_[hevgZ Wlhg_rdheZWlh hnbk. FuqblZ_fZg]ebckdb_l_dklu [email protected] He is not at school now. She is not ill. It is not a school. It is an office. We read English texts. You are clever >[email protected] children. They are `talented students.

Ijbly`Zl_evgu_ijhklu_bZ[khexlgu_ Pos`sesive >S-C]HV*[email protected] pronouns FhydhfgZlZl_fgZyl\hyk\_leZy Ml_[yg_ljmqdb\havfbfhx. Q_clhlihjln_ev"-Hg_]h. GZrbdgb]bjmkkdb_\ZrbZg]ebckdb_ L_^_gv]bg_ gZrb. WlZd\ZjlbjZ_z? DZdb_l_ljZ^bbo? Wlhbo^_lb

My room is dark, yours is light. You have no pen, take mine Whose bag is it? It is his. Our books are Russian, yours are English. That money >P/Q*@LV3494:78. Is this flat hers? Which >Z*[email protected]note-books are theirs? These are their children.

H[t_dlgu_l_mdZaZl_evgu_ dhfm"dh]h"kd_f"  Object pronouns IhdZ`bfg_wlmnhlh]jZnbx Show me this photo, please. Yex[exl_[y\Zk  I love >O/[email protected]you. Ihfh]b_fmih`ZemcklZ Help him, please. Koh^b\dbghkg_c. Go to the cinema with her. >hfklZjuc?fmgm`_gj_fhgl The house is old. It wants repairing >U*CS(-U*[email protected] >Zcl_gZfkhdih`ZemcklZ Give us some juice >[email protected]please. FuohlbfihdZaZlv\ZfgZrkZ^ We want to show you our garden. Hl\_abl_boih`ZemcklZ\hl_ev Give them a lift to the hotel, please. Or: Take them to the hotel, please. \_jvaZdjueZkvkZfZ. FugZ\_klbebbokZfb. [email protected]everything himself. The door >[email protected]closed itself. We visited >CY*]*W*[email protected]them ourselves. Did you phone >[email protected]them yourselves? They learned >[email protected]English themselves.

MD:A:L?EVGU?F?KLHBF?GBY bo- 4) De`monstrative pronouns This These

>'*[email protected] >',]@

That Those

>';[email protected] lhlZlhl >'RX]@ l_wlb

wlhwlZwlhl wlbwlh

WlhfZe_gvdbcfZ]Zabg Lh kmi_jfZjd_l. WlhklZjuc^hf Lhkh\j_f_gguc^hf WlhrZjbdh\ZyjmqdZ Lh nehfZkl_j. Wlhdh`ZgZydmjldZ Lh ieZs. Wlh jm[ev. Lh ^heeZj. Wlh lh\Zju. Lhl_ dZlZeh]b. Wlh ibkvfZ. Lh l_e_]jZffu. WlhihdmiZl_eb LhihklZ\sbdb Wlh dhgljZdlu. Lhkmffuk^_ehd Wlh l_dklu. Lh jZkkdZau. Wlh^_eh\u_ij_^eh`_gby Lhijh_dludhgljZdlh\ Wlh wkdbau. Lhwlbd_ldbbyjeudb Ij_^eh]b khegp_g_[_ mebp_^_j_\_ gZ dZjlbg_ dhgn_j_gpbb k_kkbb GZmebp_fgh]hZ\lh[mkh\ Y\b`m[_edmgZ^_j_\_ Fu\b^bfOjbklZgZdZjlbg_ >bj_dlhjgZdhgn_j_gpbb B^zlk_kkbyiZjeZf_glZ KZfhezl\g_[_ G_e_`bgZkhegp_

-mdZau\Z_lgZ[ebadbcdgZfij_^f_l -mdZau\Z_lgZ[ebadb_dgZfij_^f_lu -mdZau\Z_lgZ^ZezdbchlgZkij_^f_l -mdZau\Z_lgZ^Zezdb_hlgZkij_^f_lu This is a small shop. That is a super-market. This is an old house. That is a modern house. This is a ball-pen. That is a felt-pen. This is a leather >COH'[email protected] jacket. That is a rain-coat. This is a rouble >[email protected] That is a dollar >[email protected] These are goods. Those are catalogues >CN;W-O2J]@ These are letters. Those are cables >NH*EO]@ These are buyers >CED*-]@ Those are suppliers >V-CSOD*-]@ These are `contracts. Those are the sums of the deals. These are texts. Those are stories >CVW3U*]@ These are offers. Those are drafts >GU%[email protected]of contracts. These are sketches >CVNHW7*]@ Those are tags and labels >COH*E-O]@ sun, sky >[email protected] street, tree picture the . conference session There are many buses in the street. I see a squirrel in the tree. We see Christ >NUD*[email protected] in the picture. The director is in conference. The parliament is in session. The plane is in the sky. Don’t lie in the sun.

in on .

the

93

G?HIJ?>?E,GGU?F?KLHBF?GBY Indefinite pronouns

some

qlh-gb[m^v qlh-lh dlh-gb[m^v dlh-lh ]^_-gb[m^v ]^_-lh

something

dZdhc-lh g_kdhevdh g_fgh]h g_dhlhju_

somebody someone somewhere

bijhba\h^gu_hlwlh]hf_klhbf_gby

Wlbf_klhbf_gbymihlj_[eyxlky\ml\_j^bl_evguoij_^eh`_gbyo Somebody is knocking at the door. Someone Somebody left the window open. One of you promised me it. He is somewhere in the garden. There is something in the pocket.

Dlh-lhklmqbl\^\_jv Dlh-lhhklZ\behdghhldjuluf H^bgba\Zkh[_sZefg_wlh Hg]^_-lh\kZ^m [email protected]"

qlh ? dZd"dZdhc"q_f"

5.

What from ?

6.

Whom by >ED*@

7.

What from ?

8.

What with >Z2WZ*'@

q_f ?

9.

What on ? 

gZ^ q_f ?

10.

Which of >Z*W7[email protected]"

dhlhjucba"

11.

When

>[email protected]"

dh]^Z ?

12.

Where

>Z([email protected]"(from ?) 

]^_ ? hldm^Z" 

13.

Why

>ZD*@"

ihq_fm"ZdZd`_"^Z\_^v

14.

How

>[email protected]"

dZd ? dZdbfh[jZahf"

15.

Whom with ?

16.

How often >[email protected]

17.

How
*QI-CPH*[email protected] office. What kind of office is this? It is a good information office. What kind of film is this? - It is a comedy. What are these? These are air tickets. What buildings are these? They are banks and offices. These What is this?

Qlhlh"-Lhhnbk DZdhcwlhhnbk"-WlhkijZ\hqgh_ [xjh DZdh_wlh[xjh"ohjhrhjZ[hlZ_l" Wlhohjhrbchnbk DZdhcwlhnbevf"-Wlhdhf_^by QlhwlhaZ\_sbij_^f_lu " Wlh[be_lugZkZfhezl QlhwlhaZa^Zgby" Wlh[Zgdbbhnbku

]^_? dm^Z"

where >Z([email protected] =^_fhciml_\h^bl_evihEhg^hgm" =^_gZoh^blkyfhcghf_j" Dm^Zhgoh^blih\_q_jZf" Dm^Zlub^zrv" =^_lukgbfZ_rvd\Zjlbjm"

Where is my guide-book to London? Where is my room? Where does he go in the evening to? Where are you going to? Where do you rent your flat? dlh ? dh]h"

who >[email protected] Dlh\uihbf_gb "-YGbd Dh]h\u`^_l_" Dlhhg\Zf^h\h^blky "-Hgfhchl_p

Who are you? - I am Nick. Who are you waiting for? Who is he to you? - He is my father.

whom >[email protected]from Hldh]hlub^zrv" Hldh]hluihemqbeibkvfh"

m hl

> dh]h"

Whom are you going from? Whom did you get the letter from?

Ijbf_qZgb_\jmkkdhfyaud_ij_^eh]klhbli_j_^\hijhkbl_evgufkeh\hf Z\_^vwlhBjbgZ GmlZdqlh`_aZ[_^Z" how often ? DZdqZklh\u\klj_qZ_l_kvkg_c"

Why are you so late? Why, this is Irene! Why, what is the harm? dZd qZklh ? How often do you meet her?

99

how

many ? much ?

KdhevdhdhfgZl\l\h_cd\Zjlbj_" Kdhevdhdhn_ml_[y" where ... from ? Hldm^Zhgijb_oZe"

kdhevdh"

How many rooms are there in your flat? How much coffee have you got? hldm^Z ? Where did he come from?

what kind of ? DZdZym\Zkkh[ZdZ" DZdhcm\Zk^hf"

dZdhc" ihjh^u\b^khjl What kind of dog have you got? What kind of house have you got?

F?KLHBF?GBY each b every F_klhbf_gb_  each - dZ`^uc  mihlj_[ey_lky ih hlghr_gbx d h]jZgbq_gghfm qbkemebpbebij_^f_lh\ Ijbf_ju: IjhqblZcl_dZ`^h_ij_^eh`_gb_\gb fZl_evgh DZ`^hfmklm^_glm[ueZ\u^ZgZdgb]Z WlbZi_evkbguklhyli_gkh\dZ` ^uc DZ`^Zybadgb]-^jm]h]hp\_lZ Z\ghihjZqlh-lhk^_eZlvkwlbfl_e_ \bahjhf IZiZkdZaZeqlh^Z\ghihjZqlh[ufu hkhagZebkdhevdhklhbl_fmgZrh[jZah \Zgb_ FZfZkdZaZeZqlhihjZqlh[udlhgb[m^vihrzeb\ufueihkm^m

104

Neither rains nor frost stops true travellers. Neither stars nor moon was in the sky. Neither he nor his companions are going to learn Portugal. Either Tom or John will help us. The British say it this way Isn’t it time something were done about it? It is high time you did something about the TV-set. Father said it was high time we realized how much our education was costing him. Mother said it was time somebody went and did the dishes.

:JLBDEB[email protected] kh[ZdZ a text a dog >P;[email protected] a man q_eh\_d a house >VD*]@ a size jZaf_j an animal >7H*[email protected] a shape nhjfZ

>[email protected] >[email protected] >C;Q*[email protected] 

l_dkl ^hf `b\hlgh_

[email protected] GZau\Z_lkyhghg_hij_^_ezggucZjlbdevWlhlZjlbdevbf__l-_nhjfu `b\hlgh_ man >P;[email protected] fm`qbgZ animal h^bg h^gh >C;Q*[email protected] an >[email protected] apple y[ehdh house >[email protected] ^hfh^bg a >[email protected] dZdh_-lh >C;[email protected] aeh kh[ZdZh^gZ dog >[email protected] evil >,[email protected] ^\hjh^bg yard >M%[email protected] ?kebkeh\hgZqbgZ_lkykkh]eZkghc[md ?kebkeh\hgZqbgZ_lkyk]eZkghc[md \ubY)i_j_^gbfklZ\blkyZjlbdev \ui_j_^gbfklZ\blkyZjlbdevan a. A\md >[email protected]ihem]eZkguc :jlbdev a, an mihlj_[ey_lky i_j_^ gZa\Zgb_f ij_^f_lZ \ _^bgkl\_gghf qbke__kebwlhkeh\hmihfbgZ_lkyi_j\ucjZa\^ZgghckblmZpbb?keb`_^Zg gh_ keh\h mihfbgZ_lky \lhjhc beb lj_lbc jZa lh]^Z gZ^h mihlj_[blv Zjlbdev the. Hgzf[m^_lkdZaZghgb`_I_j_^gZa\Zgbyfbij_^f_lh\\hfgh`_kl\_g ghfqbke_a, an g_mihlj_[ey_lky I have a dog. Mf_gy_klvkh[ZdZ

I have a . dogs. d Mf_gy_klvkh[Zdb

I_j_\h^blkyebg_hij_^_ezggucZjlbdevgZjmkkdbcyaud" Bgh]^Zg_i_j_\h^blkyGhg_j_^dbkemqZbdh]^Za bebanfh`ghi_j_\_klb dZdh^bgh^gZh^ghdZdhc-lhdZdZy-lhex[hcbadZdhcm]h^gh >jm]hcZjlbdev

hij_^_ezgguc

dhgdj_lbabjmxsbc ebfblbjmxsbc bg^b\b^mZebabjmxsbc

Hgijhbaghkblky wlhl fm`qbgZ animals wlb `b\hlgu_ man wlb y[ehdb the >',@ the >'[email protected] house wlhl ^hf apples wlZ kh[ZdZ wlh aeh dog evil ?kebhij_^_ezgguc Zjlbdev klhbl ?kebhij_^_ezggucZjlbdev klhbli_ i_j_^keh\hfdhlhjh_gZqbgZ_lkyk j_^keh\hfdhlhjh_gZqbgZ_lkyk kh]eZkghc[md\ulhthea\mqbldZd>'[email protected] ]eZkghc[md\ulhthe a\mqbldZd>',@

105

I_j_\h^blkyebhij_^_ezggucZjlbdevthegZjmkkdbcyaud" Bgh]^Z_]hfh`ghg_i_j_\h^blvG_lg_h[oh^bfhklb GZijbf_j: the moon - emgZ, the sun - khegp_Ghhq_gvqZklhZjlbdevthei_j_ \h^blkydZdwlhwlZwlhlwlblhlZlhll_

L_i_jvih^jh[g__h g_hij_^_ezgghf Zjlbde_ :g]ebckdb_bkqbkey_fu_kms_kl\bl_evgu_lZdgZau\Zxlkykms_kl\b l_evgu_dhlhju_fh`ghi_j_kqblZlv \_^bgkl\_gghfqbke_g_fh]ml a dog the [ulvmihlj_[e_gu[_a beb my What a nice day! (G_: What nice day). DZdhcij_djZkguc^_gv Be careful of the dog! (G_: Be careful of dog). ;_j_]bkvwlhckh[Zdb Is he a good driver? Hgohjhrbcrhn_j" I never wear a hat (G_: I never wear hat) Ygbdh]^Zg_ghrmreyim Jill has got a long nose. M>`beZ^ebggucghk Is there a bank near here? A^_kv_klvih[ebahklb[Zgd" A young man is calling for you. DZdhc-lhiZj_gvah\zll_[y Buy me a pen, please. Dmibfg_ex[mxjmqdm May I take a sweet? Fh`ghy\havfmdhgn_lm" heeZj-^_gv]bKR: 3) &bf_gZfbkms_kl\bl_evgufbh[hagZqZxsbfbgZa\ZgbyfmaudZevguo bgkljmf_glh\ Can you play the guitar? Lufh`_rvb]jZlvgZ]blZj_" The piano is my favourite instrument. IbZgbgh-fhcex[bfucfmaudZev gucbgkljmf_gl 106

4) I_j_^ijbeZ]Zl_evguf_kebj_qvb^zlh]jmii_ex^_c\hfgh`_kl\_gghf qbke_ the young fheh^u_ the old klZju_ex^b the rich [h]Zlu_ the poor [_^gydb the sick [hevgu_ the homeless [_a^hfgu_ the unemployed [_ajZ[hlgu_ the dead >[email protected]mf_jrb_ the elderly ij_klZj_eu_ the injured >C*[email protected]jZg_gu_, hkdhj[ezggu_ 5) Kbf_gZfbkms_kl\bl_evgufbh[hagZqZxsbfbgZpbhgZevghklv njZgpmau the French jmkkdb_ the Russians Zg]ebqZg_ the English = the British [jZabevpu the Brazilians bkiZgpu the Spanish g_fpu the Germans ]heeZg^pu the Dutch blZevygpu the Italians dblZcpu the Chinese 6) KgZa\Zgbyfbhd_Zgh\fhj_cj_ddZgZeh\]hjguooj_[lh\ the Atlantic ocean >[email protected] :leZglbq_kdbc hd_Zg the Indian ocean Bg^bckdbc hd_Zg the Pacific ocean Lbobc hd_Zg the Suez Ca`nal Km_pdbcdZgZe the Red Sea DjZkgh_fhj_ the Black Sea Qzjgh_ fhj_ the Thames >WHP]@ L_faZ the Nile Gbe the Volga hf the Tate Gallery =Ze_j_y “L_cl” the Washington Post =Za_lZ³Zcl_fg_ih`ZemcklZ\bedmbeh`dm [email protected]a bicycle >fED*V*[email protected]and I bought a motorcycle >VD*[email protected] It is a very simple question. A child can answer >%[email protected]it. Show me the parrot >CS;[email protected]which you bought yesterday >CMHVW-G*@ Shall I send him a letter or a telegram? Send him a letter. Here is >K*-U*]@the letter I told you about. A young >M/[email protected] man is waiting for you in the entrance hall. Where is the dictionary >CG*N7-QU*@? It is in the bookcase. What is that (the) girl? - She is a maid. He was born in a small village. Have you got a pen? What warm weather >CZH'[email protected] What a fine day! When we left the plane we saw a large bus. When the teacher entered the classroom, the pupils stood up. There was a large garden round >[email protected] the house. It was an interesting film. It is (so, too) easy >C,]*@ a text for you. The text was very difficult for the (^ey l_o, dlh _]h i_j_\h^be) pupils.

:jlbdev the g_mihlj_[ey_lkykkms_kl\bl_evgufb ihke_dhlhjuob^_lpbnjZ I live in house 14. Y`b\m\^hf_‹ You may read >U,[email protected] about it in text 5. G2[email protected] glance Yihgyewlhki_j\h]h\a]ey^Z I understood it at a < first sight Fuih_^_ffhj_f We shall go by sea. YqblZxwlh\ih^ebggbd_ I read it in the original. ?keb\ug_lhjhibl_kvy\Zfh[wlhf If you are not in a hurry I shall tell you jZkkdZ`m about it. O%[email protected] HgZg_ohl_eZ\hablvkykwlbf She didn’t want to take the trouble with this mq_gbdhf. pupil. Hg\klZegZjZkk\_l_

He got up


[email protected]to ring up iha\hgb(lv) to call smbd up, to give (make) a call Fg_gZ^hiha\hgblv I have got a call to make. Hg a\hgbl. He is making a call. Fh`ghfg_iha\hgblvih\Zr_fml_e_nhgm" May I use your phone? Fg_gZ^h_fmiha\hgblv I must give him a call. Zwjhihjl airport the Call up at . hnbk office Iha\hgb\ at. hl_ev ghfh`ghb hotel in Ehg^hg London

112

:jlbdebg_mihlj_[eyxlkyi_j_^Z[kljZdlgufkms_kl\bl_evguf _kebi_j_^gbfklhblijbeZ]Zl_evgh_ h]jhfguc ^hkZ^gh_ j_Zevguc

hiul ihgbfZgb_ agZgb_y

kh\j_f_gguc_ ^j_\gbc fhkdh\kdh_ Zg]ebckdbc

a. the .

great annoying real

experience understanding knowledge

ebl_jZlmjZ ihwaby \j_fy xfhj

a. the .

modern ancient Moscow English

literature poetry >CSRX*WU*@ time humour >[email protected]

jughqgZy wdhghfbdZ ^_fhdjZlbq_kdZy h[s_kl\h \ukrZy fhjZev

a. the .

market democratic high

economy society >V-CVD*-W*@ morality >P-CU;O*W*@

Ijbf_ju HgZhlghkbeZkvdhfg_kiheguf ihgbfZgb_f Yg_h^h[jyxkh\j_f_gghcfh^u Zcl__fm^hklZlhqgh\j_f_gbb j_amevlZl[m^_l Hgij_ih^Z\Ze^j_\gxxebl_jZlmjm\ g_[hevrhfdhee_^`_ Kh\j_f_ggZyZg]ebckdZy ebl_jZlmjZ[h]ZlZ

She treated me with complete understanding. I don’t hold with modern fashions. She spoke without great conviction. Father said that I was not ready >CUHG*@ for life because I had no sence of humour. He wrote articles on `modern `poetry. It is 10 o`clock p.m. on Moscow time. Give him sufficient time and there will be results. He taught `ancient `literature in a small college. Modern English literature is rich.

K^ZlZfbmihlj_[ey_lkyij_^eh]on i_j\h]h fZy on the 1-st (first) of May iylh]h bxgy on the fifth of June \\hkdj_k_gv_\_q_jhf on Sunday evening \lhl`_kZfuc^_gv on the same day \gZagZq_gguc^_gv on the appointed day \^_gvijb[ulby_]h on the day of his arrival \^_gv_]hhlt_a^Z on the day of his departure gm`ghmihlj_[eylv Khkeh\Zfb [hevgbp_ hospital a. eZ]_j_ camp at \ rdhe_ school the . ^hf_ home dhee_^`_ college work gZjZ[hl_

113

F G H @ ? K L